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Field Surveys for Hexalectris Colemanii in Southeastern Arizona

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Field Surveys for Hexalectris Colemanii in Southeastern Arizona FIELD SURVEYS FOR HEXALECTRIS COLEMANII IN SOUTHEASTERN ARIZONA MAY – JUNE 2010 Prepared for: ROSEMONT COPPER COMPANY 3931 W Ina Road Tucson, Arizona 85741 Prepared by: 4001 East Paradise Falls Drive Tucson, Arizona 85712 JULY 28, 2010 Project No. 1049.14 v132,17 Date: July 29, 2010 WestLand File No.: 1049.14 WestLand Resources, Inc. Pickup Deliver X Mail Engineering and Environmental Consultants 4001 East Paradise Falls Drive Tucson, Arizona 85712 By: The Runner (Courier) Ph: (520) 206-9585 Fx: (520) 206-9518 (Client to Pickup, Name of Courier or In-house Delivery; FedEx with Type, LISPS Regular, LISPS Priority, or (ASPS Certified Mail; etc.) TRANSMITTAL TO: Ms. Melissa Reichard SWCA Environmental Consultants FOR YOUR: 343 W. Franklin Street Information Tucson, AZ 85701 Use X 520-325-9194 Signature FROM: Brian Lindenlaub Stamp Review RE: Rosemont Copper Project Approval File SENT: Per Your Request Other (see comments) As Requested By: ATTACHED: Copies Originals Copies Originals Field Surveys for Hexalectris Colemanii in Southeastern Arizona, May-June 2010 — Report prepared 2 for Rosemont Copper Company CD containing above-referenced 1 report Your Redlines Check Comments: CC: If Delivered or Picked Up: Received by (Signature/Print Name) Date Field Surveys for Hexalectris colemanii in Southeastern Arizona July 28, 2010 May – June 2010 Page ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary .....................................................................................................................................iv 1. Introduction..........................................................................................................................................1 2. Description of Survey Areas, Field Methods, and Materials ...............................................................3 2.1 Field Training ..............................................................................................................................3 2.2 Survey Approach in Rosemont Area...........................................................................................3 2.3 Survey Approach Outside of Rosemont Area .............................................................................5 3. Survey Results......................................................................................................................................6 3.1 Surveyors and Survey Effort .......................................................................................................6 3.2 Survey Results within the Rosemont Area ..................................................................................9 3.3 Survey Results Outside of the Rosemont Area..........................................................................11 4. Conclusions from 2010 Survey for H. colemanii...............................................................................15 5. References Cited ................................................................................................................................16 LIST OF TABLES Table 1. All areas surveyed during the 2010 Hexalectris colemanii inventory with specific reference to canyon, mountain range, and surveyor...................................................................................... 7 Table 2. Rosemont area surveyed--2010 Hexalectris colemanii inventory by WestLand. Survey conducted May 18-June 28 and June 7-9, 2010.......................................................................................... 8 Table 3. UTM Coordinates of the historic locations of Hexalectris colemanii in McCleary Canyon, Santa Rita Mountains, in NAD 83 .................................................................................................... 10 Table 4. Canyons surveyed outside Rosemont area-- 2010 Hexalectris inventory by WestLand, Holly Lawson, and other volunteers................................................................................................. 10 LIST OF FIGURES (All figures follow text) Figure 1. Vicinity Map Figure 2. Regional Map of Historic Locations of Hexalectris colemanii Figure 3. Rosemont Area, 2010 Orchid Survey Figure 4. Detailed Survey Area, showing Hexalectris colemanii locations Figure 5. Detailed Survey Area, showing Hexalectris colemanii locations (Wasp Canyon, McCleary Canyon) Figure 6. Regional Map of Hexalectris surveys in 2010 Figure 7. Overview of survey area, Cochise Stronghold, West and East Canyons, Big Dragoon Mountains Figure 7a. Detailed Survey Area, Cochise Stronghold, West and East Canyons, Big Dragoon Mountains Figure 7b. Detailed Survey Area, Cochise Stronghold, West and East Canyons, Big Dragoon Mountains Figure 8. Canyons surveyed outside Rosemont Area Figure 9. Detailed survey area, Solano Canyon, Baboquivari Mountains Figure 10. Detailed survey area, upper Canada del Oro Canyon, Santa Catalina Mountains Figure 11. Detailed survey area, Sawmill Canyon, Santa Rita Mountains Figure 12. Detailed survey area, Box Canyon Figure 13. Detailed survey area, Florida Canyon Figure 14. Detailed survey area, Agua Caliente and Montosa Canyon Q\jobs\1000s\1049.14\Orchids\July 28 Report\\Rosemont Hexalectris survey report 72810REV.doc WestLand Resources, Inc. Engineering and Environmental Consultants Field Surveys for Hexalectris colemanii in Southeastern Arizona July 28, 2010 May – June 2010 Page iii LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix A. Chronology of field notes and observations by Ronald A. Coleman Appendix B. Contributions by Holly Lawson, Rosemont Copper Reclamation Specialist Appendix C. GPS Data of Hexalectris located during surveys in May and June 2010 Q\jobs\1000s\1049.14\Orchids\July 28 Report\\Rosemont Hexalectris survey report 72810REV.doc WestLand Resources, Inc. Engineering and Environmental Consultants Field Surveys for Hexalectris colemanii in Southeastern Arizona July 28, 2010 May – June 2010 Page iv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The orchid, Hexalectris colemanii (Catling 2004, Kennedy and Watson 2010), is a non-photosynthetic, obligately mycotrophic orchid with a subterranean rhizome. The only visible portion of the plant is the inflorescence, detectable as the < 35 cm sprout emerges above ground to flower. The time frame in which the inflorescence can be seen is brief, mid-May to mid-June. Its brief appearance each year and its relatively inconspicuous inflorescences have contributed to its rather late first-detection, 1981, as an element of the Arizona flora. H. colemanii has previously been located in Baboquivari Canyon (Baboquivari Mountains), McCleary and Sawmill canyons (Santa Rita Mountains) and Cochise Stronghold West Canyon (Big Dragoon Mountains). Voucher specimens of this species have previously been collected in three of these canyons but not in Cochise Stronghold West Canyon. A single vouchered sighting in 1981 is the only evidence for its occurrence in Baboquivari Canyon. In 1986, McLaughlin made the first vouchered sighting of this species in McCleary Canyon. Coleman, as part of his ongoing research into the distribution of native orchid species in Arizona and New Mexico, began to monitor a population of this species in McCleary Canyon in 1996. The following year, he located the species for the first time in Sawmill Canyon and Cochise Stronghold West Canyon. Coleman was unable to relocate the orchid after two visits (1997 and 1998) to Baboquivari Canyon even with directions from Larry Toolin, who had made the 1981 collection. Coleman’s monitoring and survey efforts from about 1997 to 2009 have produced only four known locations for H. colemanii. An indication of the number of known plants at each of the four locations is provided by Coleman’s monitoring of inflorescences, with the maximum and minimum number of inflorescences seen over the years at each of the four sites: Baboquivari Canyon (1, only in 1981); McCleary Canyon (40 max, 0 min, during 13 years of monitoring), Sawmill Canyon (30 max, 0 min, during 13 years of monitoring), and Cochise Stronghold West Canyon (6 max, 0 min, during five years of monitoring) (Coleman 2010 in Appendix A). WestLand Resources was asked by Rosemont Copper Company to survey for Hexalectris colemanii on the entire “Rosemont Area” (all areas included in the Rosemont Mine Plan of Operations and the alternatives developed by the Coronado National Forest as part of their National Environmental Policy Act review of the Plan of Operations). These surveys were conducted during May and June, 2010, when inflorescences of this orchid sprout or are in flower. Survey efforts were focused on the portions of the Rosemont Area that have Arizona white oak (Quercus arizonica) and Emory oak (Quercus emoryi) stands with contiguous, closed or nearly closed canopies. While surveying the Rosemont Area, the surveyors also delineated the vegetation in the canyon bottoms and along the slopes according to the general species composition of the trees to facilitate complete survey coverage of suitable sites within the Rosemont Area that were identified based upon the described habitat preferences of this species. WestLand field biologists conducted a total of 115 person-days of field surveys in the Rosemont Area, 54 person-days of which were in the watershed of McCleary Canyon. The outcome of the 2010 surveys on the Rosemont Area was the detection of 124 inflorescences of H. colemanii in four distinct sites: 15 inflorescences in the ‘historic’1 location in McCleary Canyon, 10 1 By ‘historic’ location in McCleary Canyon, we mean an approximately 150 m reach of the canyon within which (a) Steve McLaughlin made the first collection of
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