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Conserving the Past, Mobilizing the Indonesian Future Archaeological Sites, Regime Change and Heritage Politics in Indonesia in the 1950S
Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde Vol. 167, no. 4 (2011), pp. 405-436 URL: http://www.kitlv-journals.nl/index.php/btlv URN:NBN:NL:UI:10-1-101399 Copyright: content is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License ISSN: 0006-2294 MARIEKE BLOEMBERGEN AND MARTIJN EICKHOFF Conserving the past, mobilizing the Indonesian future Archaeological sites, regime change and heritage politics in Indonesia in the 1950s Sites were not my problem1 On 20 December 1953, during a festive ceremony with more than a thousand spectators, and with hundreds of children waving their red and white flags, President Soekarno officially inaugurated the temple of Śiwa, the largest tem- ple of the immense Loro Jonggrang complex at Prambanan, near Yogyakarta. This ninth-century Hindu temple complex, which since 1991 has been listed as a world heritage site, was a professional archaeological reconstruction. The method employed for the reconstruction was anastylosis,2 however, when it came to the roof top, a bit of fantasy was also employed. For a long time the site had been not much more than a pile of stones. But now, to a new 1 The historian Sunario, a former Indonesian ambassador to England, in an interview with Jacques Leclerc on 23-10-1974, quoted in Leclerc 2000:43. 2 Anastylosis, first developed in Greece, proceeds on the principle that reconstruction is only possible with the use of original elements, which by three-dimensional deduction on the site have to be replaced in their original position. The Dutch East Indies’ Archaeological Service – which never employed the term – developed this method in an Asian setting by trial and error (for the first time systematically at Candi Panataran in 1917-1918). -
A Short History of Indonesia: the Unlikely Nation?
History Indonesia PAGES 13/2/03 8:28 AM Page i A SHORT HISTORY OF INDONESIA History Indonesia PAGES 13/2/03 8:28 AM Page ii Short History of Asia Series Series Editor: Milton Osborne Milton Osborne has had an association with the Asian region for over 40 years as an academic, public servant and independent writer. He is the author of eight books on Asian topics, including Southeast Asia: An Introductory History, first published in 1979 and now in its eighth edition, and, most recently, The Mekong: Turbulent Past, Uncertain Future, published in 2000. History Indonesia PAGES 13/2/03 8:28 AM Page iii A SHORT HISTORY OF INDONESIA THE UNLIKELY NATION? Colin Brown History Indonesia PAGES 13/2/03 8:28 AM Page iv First published in 2003 Copyright © Colin Brown 2003 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publisher. The Australian Copyright Act 1968 (the Act) allows a maximum of one chapter or 10 per cent of this book, whichever is the greater, to be photocopied by any educational institution for its educational purposes provided that the educational institution (or body that administers it) has given a remuneration notice to Copyright Agency Limited (CAL) under the Act. Allen & Unwin 83 Alexander Street Crows Nest NSW 2065 Australia Phone: (61 2) 8425 0100 Fax: (61 2) 9906 2218 Email: [email protected] Web: www.allenandunwin.com National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry: Brown, Colin, A short history of Indonesia : the unlikely nation? Bibliography. -
Trajectories of the Early-Modern Kingdoms in Eastern Indonesia: Comparative Perspectives
Trajectories of the early-modern kingdoms in eastern Indonesia: Comparative perspectives Hans Hägerdal Introduction The king grew increasingly powerful. His courage indeed resembled that of a lion. He wisely attracted the hearts of the people. The king was a brave man who was sakti and superior in warfare. In fact King Waturenggong was like the god Vishnu, at times having four arms. The arms held the cakra, the club, si Nandaka, and si Pañcajania. How should this be understood? The keris Ki Lobar and Titinggi were like the club and cakra of the king. Ki Tandalanglang and Ki Bangawan Canggu were like Sangka Pañcajania and the keris si Nandaka; all were the weapons of the god Vishnu which were very successful in defeating ferocious enemies. The permanent force of the king was called Dulang Mangap and were 1,600 strong. Like Kalantaka it was led by Kriyan Patih Ularan who was like Kalamretiu. It was dispatched to crush Dalem Juru [king of Blambangan] since Dalem Juru did not agree to pass over his daughter Ni Bas […] All the lands submitted, no-one was the equal to the king in terms of bravery. They were all ruled by him: Nusa Penida, Sasak, Sumbawa, and especially Bali. Blambangan until Puger had also been subjugated, all was lorded by him. Only Pasuruan and Mataram were not yet [subjugated]. These lands were the enemies (Warna 1986: 78, 84). Thus did a Balinese chronicler recall the deeds of a sixteenth-century ruler who supposedly built up a mini-empire that stretched from East Java to Sumbawa. -
Australia and Japan Create a New Economic Paradigm
Australia and Japan Create a New Economic Paradigm Australia-Japan Foundation Project 2015-16 By Manuel Panagiotopoulos Project Sponsored by AUSTRALIA AND JAPAN CREATE A NEW ECONOMIC PARADIGM Australia and Japan Create a New Economic Paradigm By Manuel Panagiotopoulos SEPTEMBER 2016 PREPARED FOR THE AUSTRALIA-JAPAN FOUNDATION Caveat: The opinions expressed herein are the personal opinions of the author. They do not necessarily represent the opinion of the Australia-Japan Foundation or any other Australian or Japanese institution, organisation, official nor any business with which the authors may be associated outside of this publication. Manuel Panagiotopoulos 2016 2 AUSTRALIA AND JAPAN CREATE A NEW ECONOMIC PARADIGM CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4 FORWARD A PERSONAL REFLECTION 13 INTRODUCTION 15 SECTION 1 GEOPOLITICS IS MORE IMPORTANT THAN ECONOMICS… BUT GEOPOLITICS MUST BE INFORMED BY REAL UNDERSTANDING OF ECONOMICS 18 SECTION 2 GEOECONOMICS: USEFUL BUT LIMITED 21 SECTION 3 AUSTRALIA-JAPAN STRATEGIC PRIORITIES: MARITIME FREEDOM; US ALLIANCE; COOPERATION 24 SECTION 4 PROGRESS OF THE AUSTRALIA-JAPAN SECURITY RELATIONSHIP 30 SECTION 5 REITERATING THE NEW COMPLEMENTARITY BETWEEN AUSTRALIA AND JAPAN AND MOVING TOWARDS TOTAL ECONOMIC ENGAGEMENT NEW COMPLEMENTARITY, RELATIONAL ECONOMICS AND STRATEGIC ALIGNMENT 33 SECTION 6 AUSTRALIA’S SUBMARINE DECISION AND WIDER DEFENCE OPPORTUNITIES 40 SECTION 7 DEVELOPMENTS IN GOODS AND SERVICES TRADE 43 SECTION 8 NEW DIRECTIONS IN JAPANESE INVESTMENT AND 52 BANKING IN AUSTRALIA JAPAN NOW NO2, SOGO SHOSHA, -
L'est INSULINDIEN
Etudes interdisciplinaires sur le monde insulindien Sous le patronage de l' Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales ARCHIPEL 90 L'EsT INSULINDIEN 2015 Revu e SOU1CT1 l1C par l' Institut des Science s Humaines et Sociales du CNRS l'Instiuu francais dT ndones ie c l l' Institu t des Langues et Civ ilisations Orientales L 'EST INSULINDIEN Sous la direction de Dana Rappoport et Dominique Guillaud Sommaire INTRODUCTION 3 Dana Rappoport et Dominique Guillaud Reconsiderer r Est insulindien Du PEUPLEMENT A L'ECRITURE DE L'HISTOIRE 15 Susan O'Connor Rethinking the Neolithic in Island Southeast Asia, with Particular Reference to the Archaeology ofTimor-Leste and Sulawesi 49 Jean-Christophe Galipaud Reseaux neolithiques, nomades marins et marchands dans les petites lies de la Sonde 75 Hans Hagerdal Eastern Indonesia and the Writing ofHistory VERS UNE DEFINITION DE L'INSULINDE ORIENTALE 99 Antoinette Schapper Wallacea, a Linguistic Area 153 Philip Yampolsky Is Eastern Insulindia a Distinct Musical Area? AIRE DE TRANSITION OU CREUSET ? SOCIETES, TECHNIQUES, TERRITOIRES ET RITUELS 189 lames Fox Eastern Indonesia in Austronesian Perspective: The Evidence of Relational Terminologies Archipel90, Paris, 2015, p. 1-2 217 Cecile Barraud Parente, alliance. maisons dans l' Est insulindien : rcode neerlandaise et sa posterite critique 245 Dominique Guillaud Le vivrier et le sacre. Systemes agricoles, rituels et territoires dans TEst indonesien et aTimor-Leste 275 Dana Rappoport Musique et rituel dans I'Est insulindien (Indonesie orientate et Timor-Leste) : premierjalons 307 Ruth Barnes Textiles East ofthe Wallace Line. A Comparative Approach to Pattern and Technique RI;:SLJM~;S - ABSTRACTS (<:) Copyright Association Archipe12015 En couverture : Parure de danseuse aSolor Quest. -
8Th Euroseas Conference Vienna, 11–14 August 2015
book of abstracts 8th EuroSEAS Conference Vienna, 11–14 August 2015 http://www.euroseas2015.org contents keynotes 3 round tables 4 film programme 5 panels I. Southeast Asian Studies Past and Present 9 II. Early And (Post)Colonial Histories 11 III. (Trans)Regional Politics 27 IV. Democratization, Local Politics and Ethnicity 38 V. Mobilities, Migration and Translocal Networking 51 VI. (New) Media and Modernities 65 VII. Gender, Youth and the Body 76 VIII. Societal Challenges, Inequality and Conflicts 87 IX. Urban, Rural and Border Dynamics 102 X. Religions in Focus 123 XI. Art, Literature and Music 138 XII. Cultural Heritage and Museum Representations 149 XIII. Natural Resources, the Environment and Costumary Governance 167 XIV. Mixed Panels 189 euroseas 2015 . book of abstracts 3 keynotes Alarms of an Old Alarmist Benedict Anderson Have students of SE Asia become too timid? For example, do young researchers avoid studying the power of the Catholic Hierarchy in the Philippines, the military in Indonesia, and in Bangkok monarchy? Do sociologists and anthropologists fail to write studies of the rising ‘middle classes’ out of boredom or disgust? Who is eager to research the very dangerous drug mafias all over the place? How many track the spread of Western European, Russian, and American arms of all types into SE Asia and the consequences thereof? On the other side, is timidity a part of the decay of European and American universities? Bureaucratic intervention to bind students to work on what their state think is central (Terrorism/Islam)? -
4. Old Track, Old Path
4 Old track, old path ‘His sacred house and the place where he lived,’ wrote Armando Pinto Correa, an administrator of Portuguese Timor, when he visited Suai and met its ruler, ‘had the name Behali to indicate the origin of his family who were the royal house of Uai Hali [Wehali] in Dutch Timor’ (Correa 1934: 45). Through writing and display, the ruler of Suai remembered, declared and celebrated Wehali1 as his origin. At the beginning of the twentieth century, the Portuguese increased taxes on the Timorese, which triggered violent conflict with local rulers, including those of Suai. The conflict forced many people from Suai to seek asylum across the border in West Timor. At the end of 1911, it was recorded that more than 2,000 East Timorese, including women and children, were granted asylum by the Dutch authorities and directed to settle around the southern coastal plain of West Timor, in the land of Wehali (La Lau 1912; Ormelling 1957: 184; Francillon 1967: 53). On their arrival in Wehali, displaced people from the village of Suai (and Camenaça) took the action of their ruler further by naming their new settlement in West Timor Suai to remember their place of origin. Suai was once a quiet hamlet in the village of Kletek on the southern coast of West Timor. In 1999, hamlet residents hosted their brothers and sisters from the village of Suai Loro in East Timor, and many have stayed. With a growing population, the hamlet has now become a village with its own chief asserting Suai Loro origin; his descendants were displaced in 1911. -
EAST TIMOR: REMEMBERING HISTORY the Trial of Xanana Gusmao and a Follow-Up on the Dili Massacre
April 1993 Vol 5. No.8 EAST TIMOR: REMEMBERING HISTORY The Trial of Xanana Gusmao and a Follow-up on the Dili Massacre I. Introduction.................................................................................................................................. 2 II. Xanana Gusmao and the Charges Against Him ....................................................................... 3 The Charges, 1976-1980................................................................................................................ 3 The June 10, 1980 Attack .............................................................................................................. 4 Peace Talks .................................................................................................................................... 5 The Kraras Massacre ..................................................................................................................... 5 1984 to the Present......................................................................................................................... 6 III. The Xanana Trial......................................................................................................................... 7 Circumstances of Arrest and Detention......................................................................................... 8 Why not subversion? .................................................................................................................... 11 Access to and Adequacy of Legal Defense ................................................................................. -
East Timor: Language and Gender in the Articulations and Representations of the Nationalist Struggle1 Zakiah Cabral, University of California at Berkeley
East Timor: Language and Gender in the Articulations and Representations of the Nationalist Struggle1 Zakiah Cabral, University of California at Berkeley The polarity between text and self and The most conspicuous crack in the narra narrative and event cannot hold. In a tive of the “big, happy family”— the Indo political culture the self that narrates speaks nesian national motto is “Bhinneka Tunggal from a position of having been narrated Ika,” a Sanskrit translation of the Latin “E and edited by others—by political institu pluribus unum,” or “Unity in Diversity”— tions, by concepts of historical causality, is the independence movement in East and possibly by violence. Timor, which has shown a remarkable resil —Alan Feldman ience in the face of overwhelming military and political odds.4 We, Timorese women, are always facing Benedict Anderson powerfully argues in deadly weapons aimed at us ready to fire Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Ori and we hardly have the power to say a gin and Spread of Nationalism that nations word of help to the outside world. themselves are narrations; he observes that —Mrs. HauNara, “East Timorese Women “in the modern world everyone can, should, Scream Out to the World For Help” will ‘have’ a nationality, as he or she ‘has’ a gender” (14). In most cases, the nation has I. Introduction been imagined as having a female gender, Post-colonial critics have written exten thus casting nationhood in terms of a con sively on how colonized people and those test between the colonizer and the male who have been unrepresented use narrative nationalist in their construction of the na fiction to express resistance and the exist tion as a feminized object.5 ence of their own history. -
Customary Law Toward Matamusan Determination
CUSTOMARY LAW TOWARD MATAMUSAN DETERMINATION TO CUSTOM SOCIETY AT WEWIKU WEHALI, BELU, NTT Roswita Nelviana Bria (Corresponing Author) Departement of Language and Letters, Kanjuruhan University of Malang Jl. S Supriyadi 48 Malang, East Java, Indonesia Phone: (+62) 813 365 182 51 E-mail: [email protected] Sujito Departement of Language and Letters, Kanjuruhan University of Malang Jl. S Supriyadi 48 Malang, East Java, Indonesia Phone: (+62) 817 965 77 89 E-mail: [email protected] Maria G.Sriningsih English Literature Facultyof Languageand Literature Kanjuruhan University of Malang Jl. S. Supriyadi No. 48 Malang 65148, East Java, Indonesia Phone: (+62) 85 933 033 177 E-mail: ABSTRACT Customary law is the law or unwritten rule that grow and thrive in a society that is only obeyed bycostom society in Belu. One of the most important customary law in Belu is the marriage law. Matrilineality system in 94 south Belunese descent is traced through the mother and maternal ancestors.However, in this matrilineal system, there is still a customary law that maintains the father‘s lineage based on customary law by adopting which called matamusanwhich is really ineresting because it is dfferent with matrilineal system in Minangkabau as the most popular matrilineal society. The research design of this thesis is descriptive qualitative research. It is intended to describe about matamusan as customary adoption system, chronological step of matamusan determination, the development of matamusan implementation, factors influencing the development of matamusan determination, and the effectiveness of customarylaw toward matamusandetermination.From the result of this study, it was clear that customary law is still effective in handle the violation of matamusan determination. -
Contribution by the Government of Timor-Leste
The International Dialogue on Peacebuilding and Statebuilding Contribution by Timor-Leste March 2010 Contents Section Page List of abbreviations ...................................................................................................................................... 2 1 Executive summary ............................................................................................................................... 3 2 Country context ..................................................................................................................................... 7 3 Findings ............................................................................................................................................... 10 4 Conclusions and recommendations .................................................................................................... 25 Annex A - Methodology .............................................................................................................................. 27 Annex B - List of organisations consulted .................................................................................................. 28 Annex C – References ............................................................................................................................... 29 Annex D - UNTAET laws and regulations .................................................................................................. 31 2 Preface The International Dialogue The Timor-Leste country-level consultation described here -
Kebijakan Pengelolaan Cendana Di Nusa Tenggara Timur
KEBIJAKAN PENGELOLAAN CENDANA DI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR Oleh : S. Agung S. Raharjo Peneliti pada Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan LHK Kupang Jln. Alfons Nisnoni No. 7B Airnona Kupang Telp. 0380-823357 Fax 0380-831068 Email : [email protected] A. Pengantar Sumber daya hutan merupakan salah satu modal pembangunan bangsa. Pada era orde baru hutan dimanfaatkan sebagai salah satu sumber devisa untuk pembangunan. Seperti telah kita ketahui bersama sumber daya hutan yang besar terdapat di Kalimantan, Sumatra dan Papua, maka pada saat itu (orde baru) pemerintah melakukan eksploitasi besar-besaran terhadap hutan di kawasan tersebut. Hasil eksploitasi hutan tersebut digunakan sebagai modal pembangunan. Berkaca dari praktek eksploitasi hutan sebagai sumber pendapatan negara tersebut, maka bagaimana dengan Nusa Tenggara Timur(NTT)? Hasil hutan apa yang di eksploitasi dan menopang pembangunan di NTT? Ya kita punya Cendana. Selama masa orde baru cendana menjadi penopang Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) NTT. Bagaimana eksploitasi cendana di NTT? apakah hasilnya digunakan untuk modal pembangunaan di NTT? bagaimana kebijakan pengelolaan cendana di NTT dan implikasinya?. Makalah ini akan memberikan gambaran pengelolaan cendana di NTT, implikasi dan alternatif solusi pengelolaan cendana sesuai dengan kondisi kontemporer. Makalah dibagi menjadi lima bagian yaitu pengantar, yang berisi latar belakang umum makalah ini. Bagian ke dua memberikan gambaran pengelolaan cendana sebelum reformasi, hal ini terutama berkaitan dengan kebijakan atau aturan yang berlaku dan implikasinya. Kemudian pada bagian ketiga akan memberikan gambaran pengelolaan cendana pasca reformasi. Pada bagian ke empat akan memberikan gambaran alternatif kebijakan pengelolaan cendana sesuai dengan kondisi politik konteporer yang berkembang di Indonesia. Sebagai penutup pada bagian ke lima akan disampaikan beberapa rekomendasi dan kebutuhan respon pemerintah terhadap pengelolaan cendana ke depan.