DJ ~ECTOHY. J N(JRTHA~IPfONSHIRK 13

GEOLOGY OF NOR.THAMPTONSHIRE (Revised to 1906) NATURAL HIS'l'ORY & SCIENTIFIC SociETIEs.-Peter­ 1884. Eunson, H. J. -Range of the Palreozoic Rocks beneath borough Natural History, Scientific & Archreological Society; Northampton. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. xl., Museum, Minster Close: Annual Report. Architectural p. 482. . Society for the Archdeaconries of Northampton and Oakham; 1891. Thompson, B.-Transition Bed beneath Middle and IA, Sheep street, Northampton: Proceedings. Upper Lias. Rept. British Association, p. 334· MusEuMs.-Northampton: The Central Museum & 1895. Thompson, B.-Land and Fresh-water Shells in the Abington Abbey Museum. Peterborough : Museum of the Lincolnshire Oolite. [Brigstock.] Geologica1111aga­ Peterborough Natural History, Scientific & Archreological zine (May), p. 223. Society. [Collections are housed in Thomas a Becket 1895-6. Thompson, B.-Excursions to Brigstock,Geddington Chapel.] and Catesby. Proc. Geol. Assoc., vol. xiv., pp. PUBLICATIONS OF THE (GOVERNMENT) GEOLOGICAL 114, 421. 1896-1903. Thompson, B.-Junction Beds of Lias and SuRVEY. (Headqum·ters, 28 Jermyn street, S. W.) Oolite. Journ. Northants N.H. Soc., vol. ix., pp. I.-Coloured Geological Maps, on the scale of one inch to one mile. 73, 132, 170, 212, 245; vol. xi., pp. 197, 235 and Old Series :­ vol. xii., p. 54· 1896. Walford, E. A.-Middle Lias Ironstone of Midlands, Quarter-sheet 45 N. W. King's Sutton. I Journ. Iron and Steel Inst., vol. xlix., p. 74· Quarter-sheet 45 N. E.* Brackley, Helmedon, Whittle- 1899. Thompson, B.-Geology of the Great Central Rail­ bury. way from Rugby to Catesby. Quart. Journ. Geol. Quarter-sheet 46 N.W. Potterspury. Soc., vol. lv., p. 65. Quarter-sheet 52 N. W. Ketteriug, Wellingborough, Roth­ 1goo. Blake, J. F.-Excursion to Kettering and Thrapston. well, Thrapston. Proc. Geol . .Assoc., vol. xvi., p. 516. Quarter-sheet 52 N.E. Hargrave, Tichmarsh. 190:>. Elsden, J. V.-Mineral Industry of Northants. Quarter-sheet 52 S.W. Northampton, Castle Ashby, Wollaston. Quarry, vol. v., p. 44· Quarter-sheet 53 N.E. Great Brington, Crick, , 1900. Thompson, B.-Excursion to Weldon, Dene and Cottesbrook, Harleston. Gretton. Proc. Geologists' Assoc., vol. xvi., p. 226. Quarter-sheet 53 S. W. Chipping Warden. 1902. Freckelton, T. W.-Indications (?) of Palreolithic Man Quarter-sheet 53 S.E. , Towcester. Byfield. near Northampton. Journ. l'lm·thants N.H. Soc., Quarter-sheet 63 S.E. , Oxenden Magna. vol. :x.i., p. 142. Sheet 64*, Oundle, Wansford, Brigstock, Desborough, I906 · Thompson, B.-Excursion to Stamford, Collyweston and Ketton. Proc. Geol . .Assoc., vol. xix., p. 367. Rockingham, King's Cliffe. 1 Of the maps marked * two editions are published-the I • • • one showing the regularly stratified or "Solid" rocks only; GEOLOGICALLY speakmg cannot be called the other (known as the •• Drift" series) showing the irre~u- a. ~e~lected county. Maps of the southern and cent~al lar masses of boulder-clay or drift in addition to the so-called divisions coloured so as to show where each rock occupies "Solid" strata. the surface, were issued by the Geological Survey between ·11 t t d b th TT • t l 1859 and 1864, and these, together with the accompanying Th ese maps are f urth er 1 us ra e y e n.or~zon a d · t. · b M A H G T A 1· s t · N d escnp 1ve memo1rs y essrs. . . reen, w . . ve me, ec wns, os. 122• 124• 12~ an 14°· . and E. Hull, should be obtained by all who wish to have a Index Map-~cal~ ~ miles t.o one mch. The whole of thorough knowledge of the district. Of the northern por­ N~rthamptonshue IS mcluded m ~beets 8, 9, II and 12 of tion of th" county Professor J. W. Judd's admirable th1s cheap and very useful map (priCe 2s. 6d. per sheet). Map and Memoir, published in 1872, have given us an ex- IT.-Books or ".i71emoirs."-The Lias of and haustive account, while the late Mr. S. Sharp worked in­ Wales, by H. B. Woodward, 1s. 6d. ; The Lower Oolitic defatigably and formed a grand collection of local fossils; Rocks of England (except Yorkshire), by H. B. Woodward, among the local geologists of the present day, the name of 108. ; 'fhe Middle and Upper Oolitic Rocks of England Mr. Beeby Thompson calls for special mention. (except Yorkshire), by H. B. Woodward, 7s. 6d.; Geology The rocks that compose this midland county are in age of the Fenland, by S. B. J. Skertchly, 36s. 6d. ; Geolog-y and character midway between those older beds which lie of Rutland and parts of Northampton, etc., by J. W. Judd, to the west, forming the coal fields of &c. and 12s. 6d. ; Geology of Parts of Northamptonshire and War- the newer chalk deposits which occur to the east in Norfolk wickshire, by W. T. .Aveline, Sd. ; Geology of Part of &c. The strata run from north-east to south-west in long Northamptonshire, by W. T. Aveline g. R. T-rench (out of bands of varying width, coinciding almost exactly with the print). longest axis of the county, which is much elongated in this The local agents for the sale of all the publications of the direction. The dip or slant of the rock-masses is towards Geological Survey are w. Mark, Northampton, and G. C. the south-east, so that they overlie one another in this direction. Thus if we were to make a very deep boring, Caster, Peterborough. say at Wellingborough or Peterborough, we should doubt- INTRODUCTION TO GEOLOGY.-For students and for less find at a considerable depth the very same blue clays general readers who may require some explanation of the (lias) which occupy the surface on the west, near Market terms used in Geology, and some account of the relations Harborough and Hockingham. which the strata of Northamptonshire bear to those of the The coincidence of the form of the county with the strike surrounding counties, and of the rest of Britain, we may or direction of the strata, is thus favourable to the display mention Harrison's Text-Book of Geology, fifth edition, 1903; of any particular bed or beds, as we can trace them over published by Blackie & Son, price 3s. 6d. great distances and compare them at many points, but it is evidently not favourable to the occurrence of any consider­ IMPORTANT BOOKS OR PAPERS UPON LOCAL GEOLOGY. able series or succession of beds. In fact Northamptonshire 1861. Porter, Dr. H.-The Geology of Peterborough and may be designated an Oolitic county, i.e., one in which the its Neighbourhood. 8vo. Peterborough. oolitic strata are most interestingly shown, but to the 187o-I873· Sharp, S.-Oolites of Northamptonshire. Q. almost entire exclusion of anything else. Owing to the Journ. Geol. Soc., vols. xxvi., p. 354; xxix., p. 225. tilting of the rock-beds, the oldest or lowest come to the 187I. Herman, W. D.-Allophane and an Allied Mineral surface in the extreme west of the county, and we shall found at Northampton. Q. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. commence with them, as they form the foundation or base xxvu.,•• p. 234· upon which all the others are deposited. It should be 1878. Miller, S. H. and S. B. J. Skertchly.-The Fenland: remembered that the term "rock" is applied geologically to a Past and Present. 8vo. London. mass of any substance which enters into the composition of 1881. Thompson, B.-Notes on Local Geology. Journ. the earth-crust, whether it be soft or shifting, as clay or N orthants Nat. Hist. Soc. sand, or of the hardness of granite and slate.