Biomass Briquette Production: a Propagation of Non-Convention Technology and Future of Pollution Free Thermal Energy Sources
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Opportunities for Using Sawmill Residues in Australia PROCESSING
` PROCESSING PROJECT NUMBER: PNB280-1112 JUNE 2013 Opportunities for using Sawmill Residues in Australia This report can also be viewed on the FWPA website www.fwpa.com.au FWPA Level 4, 10-16 Queen Street, Melbourne VIC 3000, Australia T +61 (0)3 9927 3200 F +61 (0)3 9927 3288 E [email protected] W www.fwpa.com.au Opportunities for using Sawmill Residues in Australia Prepared for Forest & Wood Products Australia by Dean Goble, Malcolm Peck Publication: Opportunities for using Sawmill Residues in Australia Project No: PRB280-1112 This work is supported by funding provided to FWPA by the Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry (DAFF). © 2012 Forest & Wood Products Australia Limited. All rights reserved. Whilst all care has been taken to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this publication, Forest and Wood Products Australia Limited and all persons associated with them (FWPA) as well as any other contributors make no representations or give any warranty regarding the use, suitability, validity, accuracy, completeness, currency or reliability of the information, including any opinion or advice, contained in this publication. To the maximum extent permitted by law, FWPA disclaims all warranties of any kind, whether express or implied, including but not limited to any warranty that the information is up-to-date, complete, true, legally compliant, accurate, non-misleading or suitable. To the maximum extent permitted by law, FWPA excludes all liability in contract, tort (including negligence), or otherwise for any injury, loss or damage whatsoever (whether direct, indirect, special or consequential) arising out of or in connection with use or reliance on this publication (and any information, opinions or advice therein) and whether caused by any errors, defects, omissions or misrepresentations in this publication. -
Manorbloc Fact Sheet: • Burn at Intense Heat • Burn with Clean Blue
Park Road, Manorhamilton, Co. Leitrim P: 071 985 55075 E: [email protected] Manorbloc Fact Sheet: • Burn at Intense Heat • Burn with clean blue flame • Made from 100% recycled hard wood waste • 100% Irish - manufactured in Manorhamilton, Co. Leitrim • Very low Ash residue • Lower sulphur content than other fossil fuels. • Heat output better than Turf, Lignite Coal and Peat Briquette o Source: Certified by Fire SERT University of Ulster • Heat output figures 18.11 MJ/Kg o Source: Certified by FireSERT University of Ulster • 6% moisture content • Easy to light • Easy pack to carry • Guaranteed Irish • Must be kept in a clean and dry environment • Smokeless • Clean The advantages of the Manorbloc wood briquettes are that they have a lower Ash and/or sulphur content, compared to most other fossil fuels. The carbon dioxide (CO2) balance is even, because wood briquettes release just as much CO2 to the atmosphere as the tree absorbs through growth by photosynthesis. (Source: University of Ulster FireSERT Department) Park Road, Manorhamilton, Co. Leitrim P: 071 985 5075 E: [email protected] Manorbloc Technical Data Sheet: Comparison Chart of Common Fuel Types and Typical Specific Energy Fuel type Specific energy (MJ/kg) Coal, bituminous 24 Methanol 19.7 Manorbloc Wood Briquette, tested in closed container (eg 18.11 Stove) Wood 18.0 Peat briquette 17.7 Coal, lignite 14.0 Sod peat 12.8 Source: University of Ulster FireSERT Department Manorbloc Flammability and Ignition Data – Source: FireSERT Heat Flux (kW/m₂) Average Ignition Time (seconds) 50 21.5 40 38.3 30 66.3 20 171 • The above table explains that at a heat generation output of 50 (kW/m₂) (which is equivalent to heat generated by a large gas burner), Manorbloc wood briquettes will ignite in 21.5 seconds. -
Substituting Imported Fossil Fuels with Biomass Briquettes Can Ease Heavy Fuel Trade Deficits
1 Outline of the presentation • Overview of the project • Cooperation with CIRCOT • By-products selected for development • Biomass fuels as substitutes for wood and fossil fuels • Curbing deforestation • Reducing fuel trade deficits • Conclusions • Project next steps 2 Overview of the project Title Promoting cotton by-products in Eastern and Southern Africa (ESA) Funding source United Nations Development Account (Project 1617K) Countries United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe Start date March 2016 End date December 2019 Total budget US$ 591,000 Implementing agency United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Partners United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA) Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) 3 Our project assists countries in commercializing residues from the cotton value chain. COTTON PLANT Planting seed SEED COTTON LINT SEED COTTON STALKS Non-woven Spinning (yarns) (waste) - Medical uses Cake / meal Pulp - Ragtearing - Flour - Particle board - Feed - Fuel briquettes Sewing thread Textiles - Fertilizer - Substrate for - Towels Meat - Bed linens mushroom Oil Weaving yarn cultivation - Salad / cooking oil Industrial - Cosmetics - Canvas - Pharmaceuticals - Footwear - Waterproofing - Belts - Feed Textiles Hulls - Fertilizer - Sheets - Synthetic rubber - Curtains - Sleepwear Knitting yarn - Food packaging - Plastics Industrial Linters - Film - Gloves - Paper - Bags Focus area of UNCTAD project: Industrial "Promoting cotton by-products in Eastern and Southern Africa" Other - -
Agricultural Residues, Briquettes, Domestic Cooking, Fuelwood, Pollution, Sustainable Fuel
Energy and Power 2020, 10(2): 40-47 DOI: 10.5923/j.ep.20201002.03 Briquettes from Agricultural Residues; An Alternative Clean and Sustainable Fuel for Domestic Cooking in Nasarawa State, Nigeria Sunday Yusuf Kpalo1,2,*, Mohamad Faiz Zainuddin2 1Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nasarawa State, Nigeria 2Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia Abstract In Nasarawa state, over 70% of the population are involved in subsistence farming. Varied agricultural resources are produced in millions of tons annually. Large quantity of residues is generated that are either left to rot on farmlands or disposed of by burning in open air. In many rural areas, the residues are also used in their raw form for cooking purposes which is inefficient. The disposal and use of the residues cause pollution in the environment which affects human health. Residues can provide a source of clean and renewable energy in the form of solid biofuel called briquettes through densification. Briquetting is a densification technology that converts residues with a low heating value per unit volume into high density and energy concentrated fuels. This paper offers a perspective on the potentials of agricultural residues in Nasarawa state to produce briquettes as an alternative clean and sustainable domestic cooking fuel. The paper concludes that briquettes could be economically and environmentally friendly alternative to fuelwood. The use of biomass briquettes would reduce dependence on fuelwood, environmental pollution and the amount of time spent on cooking. Adopting the briquetting technology will enhance access to clean and affordable energy in line with the 7th goal of the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals. -
Burn at Intense Heat • Burn with Clean Blue Flame • Made
Park Road, Manorhamilton, Co. Leitrim P: 071 985 5206 W: www.merenda.com/manorbloc E: [email protected] Manorbloc Fact Sheet: Burn at Intense Heat Burn with clean blue flame Made from 100% recycled hard wood waste 100% Irish - manufactured in Manorhamilton, Co. Leitrim Very low Ash residue Lower sulphur content than other fossil fuels. Heat output better than Turf, Lignite Coal and Peat Briquette o Source: Certified by Fire SERT University of Ulster Heat output figures 18.11 MJ/Kg o Source: Certified by FireSERT University of Ulster 6% moisture content Easy to light Easy pack to carry Guaranteed Irish Must be kept in a clean and dry environment Smokeless Clean The advantages of the Manorbloc wood briquettes are that they have a lower Ash and/or sulphur content, compared to most other fossil fuels. The carbon dioxide (CO2) balance is even, because wood briquettes release just as much CO2 to the atmosphere as the tree absorbs through growth by photosynthesis. (Source: University of Ulster FireSERT Department) Park Road, Manorhamilton, Co. Leitrim P: 071 985 5206 W: www.merenda.com/manorbloc E: [email protected] Manorbloc Technical Data Sheet: Comparison Chart of Common Fuel Types and Typical Specific Energy Fuel type Specific energy (MJ/kg) Coal, bituminous 24 Methanol 19.7 Manorbloc Wood Briquette, tested in closed container (eg 18.11 Stove) Wood 18.0 Peat briquette 17.7 Coal, lignite 14.0 Sod peat 12.8 Source: University of Ulster FireSERT Department Manorbloc Flammability and Ignition Data – Source: FireSERT Heat Flux (kW/m₂) Average Ignition Time (seconds) 50 21.5 40 38.3 30 66.3 20 171 The above table explains that at a heat generation output of 50 (kW/m₂) (which is equivalent to heat generated by a large gas burner), Manorbloc wood briquettes will ignite in 21.5 seconds. -
Determination of Flue Gas Emission Values of Cotton and Sesame Stalk Briquettes
Tarım Makinaları Bilimi Dergisi (Journal of Agricultural Machinery Science) 2010, 6 (1), 37 - 43 Determination of Flue Gas Emission Values of Cotton and Sesame Stalk Briquettes Sefai BİLGİN Bartın University, Vocational School of Bartın [email protected] Received (Geliş Tarihi): 19.07.2010 Accepted (Kabul Tarihi): 17.08.2010 Abstract: In this study, flue gas emission values of cotton and sesame stalk briquettes which were produced in a conical type briquetting machine were aimed to determine. In order to determine flue gas emission values, the briquettes were burned in a traditional bucket type stove used for household heating. In the study, flue gas emissions such as CO, CO2, SO2, NOx, H2S and O2, flue gas temperature and combustion efficiency were measured by means of flue gas analyzer. At the end of this study, when the combustion process had a steady-state condition, the flue gas emission values measured during burning of the briquettes were found to be very low. When the combustion process had a steady-state condition, the lowest CO emissions were 57 ppm and 160 ppm, average NOx emissions were 196 ppm and 146 ppm, H2S emissions were 37 ppm and 27 ppm, CO2 emissions were 7.92% and 7.41% and O2 emissions were 12.81% and 13.33% for cotton and sesame stalk briquettes, respectively. During the combustion process, cotton and sesame stalk briquettes had no SO2 emission. During the steady-state condition, the average flue gas temperature and combustion efficiency for cotton and sesame stalk briquettes were 400 C and 403 C, 70% and 69%, respectively. -
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,164,933 PROCESS of BAKING FUEL BRIQUETTES Henry F
Patented July 4, 1939 2,164,933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,164,933 PROCESS OF BAKING FUEL BRIQUETTES Henry F. Maurel, Providence, It. I., assignor to Maurel Investment, Corporation, Providence, It. I., a, corporation of Ithode Island No Drawing. Application November 7, 1934, Serial No. I751,880 1 Claim. (Cl, 202-—19) formed of bituminous coal and any suitable This invention relates to a process of baking binder which may be preferably an asphalt base fuel briquettes. fuel oil or a similar hydrocarbon residuum. It The principal objects of this invention are to would seem unnecessary to add a binder for the provide for hardening at least the external sur the surface dust reason that bituminous coal already contains the 1' face of each briquette to make elements of the binder, but I ?nd that, if the less and clean as well as hard; to provide for binder is not used, the briquettes subjected to the coking at an indicated temperature much lower process to be described will swell up into all sorts than that actually required for coking; to secure of shapes and burst and useful briquettes will not. this result by providing for the extraction from be produced. 10 the briquettes themselves of the additional heat These briquettes are introduced into an oven necessary; to provide an effective procedure to in the same manner as in the aforementioned control the exothermic reaction for this purpose; patent and subjected immediately after entering to make this process applicable, with some modi the oven on an endless conveyor to an initial tem ?cations, to bituminous and anthracite coals as perature of about 1000° F. -
Viability of Sawdust Briquettes for Rural Ghana
The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Mechanical Engineering Viability of sawdust briquettes for rural Ghana Honors Thesis Ibrahim Mohedas 5/25/2011 CONTENTS Abstract ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Fuels in the Developing World ...................................................................................................................................... 2 Alternative Fuel Sources .................................................................................................................................................. 2 Indoor Air Pollution ........................................................................................................................................................... 3 Technical Background ........................................................................................................................................................... 5 Methodology .............................................................................................................................................................................. 5 Briquette Formation ......................................................................................................................................................... -
Recycle: Bioenergy (Circular Carbon Economy
International Renewable Energy Agency 05 Recycle: Bioenergy. International Renewable Energy Agency August 2020 Please see disclaimer Reduce. Reuse.Recycle. Remove. 01 International Renewable Energy Agency The views in this report are those of IRENA and do not necessarily reflect the official views of the G20 Members collectively or individually or of KAPSARC. International Renewable Energy Agency Table of contents Abbreviations 04 Executive summary 06 00 G20 Recommendations 09 01 Introduction 14 02 Current Status 17 The technology outlook for bioenergy and bio-based materials 22 03 3.1 Bioenergy in the Industry Sector 3.2 Bioenergy in the Transport Sector 3.3 Bioenergy in the Buildings Sector 3.4 Bioenergy in the Power Sector 3.5 Bio-based Materials Carbon management potential of biomass 35 04 4.1 Key drivers for the energy transformation 4.2 Global pathway and the role of bioenergy Barriers to the deployment of biomass for energy and material use 46 5.1 Barriers to transitioning from traditional to modern uses of biomass 05 5.2 Barriers for modern bioenergy in the developed context 5.3 Sustainability of bioenergy Policies to support biomass use in energy 57 06 6.1 From traditional to modern uses of biomass 6.2 Modern bioenergy in the developed context References 69 International Renewable Energy Agency Figures Figure 1. Current bioenergy shares, and liquid biofuel production 18 Figure 2. Renewable energy contribution to industry final energy consumption in the Transforming Energy Scenario (TES) in 2050` 23 Figure 3. Final energy consumption in the transport sector per energy carrier (2017 and 2030- 2050 TES) 25 Figure 4. -
Are Peat and Sawdust Truly Improve Quality of Briquettes As Fuel Alternative?
Journal of Sustainable Development; Vol. 10, No. 5; 2017 ISSN 1913-9063 E-ISSN 1913-9071 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Are Peat and Sawdust Truly Improve Quality of Briquettes as Fuel Alternative? Andi Bustan1 & Muhammad Arsyad2 1 Faculty of Education, Palangkaraya University, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia 2 Department of Agricultural Socio-economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia Correspondence: Andi Bustan, Faculty of Education, Palangkaraya University, Central Kalimantan, 73111, Indonesia. Tel: 62-822-5511-3782. E-mail: [email protected] Received: May 17, 2017 Accepted: July 28, 2017 Online Published: September 29, 2017 doi:10.5539/jsd.v10n5p61 URL: https://doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v10n5p61 Abstract The availability of energy and fuel is always a critical issue, and currently the increasing scarcity and price of kerosene is causing problems for both households and businesses. For example, chicken farmers in Central Kalimantan need to maintain the room temperature when nursing chicks up to 12 days old, and currently have few alternatives to kerosene stoves. Non-carbonized briquettes made from a mix of peat and sawdust can provide an alternative fuel source. The sawdust is available from local sawmills, which is otherwise an unutilized waste product that is burnt off, so adding to local smoke pollution. This study was conducted to determine the optimal composition and manufacturing process to produce bricks that have a maximal calorific content whilst maintaining a long burning time and a reduced tendency to break. Analyses in the laboratory showed that the highest calorific content obtainable was 19 020.63 kJ/kg with a peat/sawdust ratio of 2:1 (20 kg of peat and 10 kg of sawdust). -
Haiti Coal Briquetting Feasibility Study Inventory of Resource Data and Collection of Samples
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Haiti coal briquetting feasibility study Inventory of resource data and collection of samples by I/ Jean N. Weaver Open-File Report 86-566 A cooperative Coal Exploration Project with the Direction des Ressources Energetiques, Ministere des Mines et des Ressources Energetiques, Republique d'Haiti, under the auspices of the Agency for International Development This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards and stratigraphic nomenclature. V U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, CO 1986 CONTENTS ABSTRACT " 1 INTRODUCTION 2 Purpose 2 Location 3 Previous Work 3 GEOLOGY 7 FIELD TECHNIQUES 7 RECOMMENDATIONS 9 Project Activities 9 Equipment 10 SUMMARY AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 11 REFERENCES 12 ATTACHMENT 1 13 ILLUSTRATIONS FIGURE 1. Location Map 4 2a. Index Map of Haiti 5 2b. Location of coal fields 6 3. Schematic measured section 9 HAITI COAL BRIQUETTING FEASIBILITY STUDY INVENTORY OF RESOURCE DATA AND COLLECTION OF SAMPLES By Jean N. Weaver U.S. Geological Survey ABSTRACT The purpose of the project was twofold: 1) to evaluate the available coal resource data of Haiti from which a program of activities might be identified that could lead to an assessment of the coal resources 2) to supervise the collecting, packing, and shipping of a 500-pound coal sample for analyses in the United States by the University of North Dakota Energy Research Center. A site in the Maissade/5e coal field was selected for sampling. Analyses of the coal samples will focus on the possibility of converting the lignite into smokeless fuel briquettes. -
Wood Energy: Definition, Objectives and Challenges in South East Europe
Wood energy: definition, objectives and challenges in South East Europe Prof. Dr Branko Glavonjic, University of Belgrade Faculty of Forestry, Belgrade, Serbia Workshop on “Policy options for wood energy”, Dubrovnik 17 - 20 November 2009 CONTENT Primary energy production in SEE countries: current situation and RES participation Potentials of the South East European countries for the production of energy-generating products based on wood biomass Market of wood based energy-generating products in the selected SEE countries – current situation Wood energy:objectives and challenges in SEE countries Workshop on “Policy options for wood energy”, Dubrovnik 17 - 20 November 2009 Surveying countries Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Macedonia Montenegro Serbia Workshop on “Policy options for wood energy”, Dubrovnik 17 - 20 November 2009 I. Primary energy production in SEE countries: current situation and RES participation Hydro Serbia, 2008. power Hydro Other Macedonia, 2008. Natural 9% Natural power 8% Gas Gas 3% 2% 3% Coal Oil Coal 52% 8% 79% RES Oil 2% 28% RES 6% Ist group Hydro Bosnia and Herzegovina, power 9% 2006. Natural Coal Gas 60% 6% Oil RES 22% 3% Workshop on “Policy options for wood energy”, Dubrovnik 17 - 20 November 2009 I. Primary energy production in SEE countries: current situation and RES participation RES Oil Croatia, Hydro Coal RES 8% 19% power 1% 20% Albania, 2007. 2007. 24% Hydro power Natural 22% Gas 2% Natural gas 51% Oil 53% IInd group Montenegro, 2004. Coal 32% RES 5% Other 1% Hydro power 62% Workshop on “Policy