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2015 Draft Budget

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2015 Draft Budget April 5, 2018 Mayor Laura Ryan & Mono Council 1. As per the Town of Mono-Headwater Streams Committee, MoU (March 12, 2012), any new project undertaken by the Headwater Streams Committee (HSC) involving the expenditures of HSC funds must be pre-approved by Mono Council (this is to ensure that funds are only spent on activities that would meet with the charitable status under which donations were sought). 2. Currently, HSC has $6,146.07 in its account with the Town. 3. Some of this money will be spent on the Baker Creek Rehabilitation project in 2018 – this project has already been approved by Mono Council. 4. The Nottawasaga Valley Conservation Authority (NVCA) has written a proposal to the HSC for a new monitoring project in 2018. The total project cost will be $3,709.00. This includes in-kind contributions from HSC volunteers and volunteers from the Nottawasaga Steelheaders. Actual cash outlays by the HSC will be $1,540.00. 5. The purpose of the project will be, through the process of monitoring fish populations and water temperatures, to assist the committee in their efforts to identify degraded river sections and focus rehabilitation efforts. Water temperatures will be monitored at three places: (i) Baker Creek to assess the impact of the rehabilitation project, (ii) in Mono Centre Creek and the Nottawasaga River to assess the impact of water temperatures in Mono Centre Creek on the main river; and (iii) Nottawasaga River at Airport Road and at the Mono-Adjala Townline to further the understanding of the water quality improvements as the river flows down the escarpment. (If more data loggers are available, temperatures in Sheldon Creek also will be monitored.) Fish monitoring (electrofishing) will be done at three locations: (i) Mono Centre Creek to determine if the creek is suitable for Brook Trout, (ii) Nottawasaga River at the Mono-Adjala Townline to better understand the fish communities (and the proportion of cold water species), (iii) Nottawasaga River near 20 th Sideroad of Adjala (to better understand the transition from a cold-water system of non cold-water systems). Attachment #1 to this letter explains in more detail the need for this monitoring and the importance of the Upper Nottawasaga watershed for cold- water fisheries. (Upper Nottawasaga watershed includes the Sheldon Creek.) Attachment #2 is a worksheet outlining the tasks and the costs of this project. Sincerely Rob Best, Chair HSC Karen Morrison, Vice-Chair HSC Draft Environmental Background Summary for The Upper Nottawasaga River and Sheldon Creek 1.0 Background The Upper Nottawasaga River and Sheldon Creek represent two of the most productive coldwater trout and salmon producing streams in southern Ontario. Both watercourses originate within the Niagara Escarpment World Biosphere Reserve south of Shelburne and flow through agricultural lands in their lower reaches south of Alliston (Figure 1). The upper Nottawasaga River sub-watershed including the Sheldon basin, drains an area of 360km2 to its confluence with Innisfil Creek. This area comprises approximately 12% of the Nottawasaga River Watershed. Figure 1. Location of Upper Nottawasaga River and Sheldon Creek. 1 The upper Nottawasaga River supports robust populations of wild native brook trout (Photo 1) in headwater reaches upstream from natural barriers to fish migration which restrict upstream movements of other trout and salmon species. Brook trout are abundant in both the North Branch of the Nottawasaga River west of Scott’s Falls (Photo 2) and in the South Branch of the Nottawasaga River west of the Singing Waters Cataract. This is similar to the situation on Sheldon Creek where brook trout thrive upstream from the Sheldon Mill Dam located on the west side of the Mono-Adjala Townline (Figure 1). Photo 1. Wild native brook trout from the North Branch of the Nottawasaga River. 2 Photo 2. Scott’s Falls on the North Branch of the Nottawasaga River. Downstream from Scott’s Falls and the Singing Waters Cataract, the quality of trout stream habitat actually improves as both the North and South Branches of the Nottawasaga River receive strong inputs of groundwater springs on the steep slopes of the Niagara Escarpment in the Hockley Valley, where shading forest cover is abundant. This trend towards improving trout stream conditions, including more abundant summer stream flow volumes and colder summer temperatures, continues further downstream as the two headwater branches combine flows at the 3rd Line EHS Mono. Summer stream temperatures in the main branch of the Nottawasaga River are coldest in the vicinity of Airport Road (Photo 3), yet the upper Nottawasaga River provides high quality trout stream habitat extending downstream for several kilometers east of the Village of Hockley to the 20 Sideroad Adjala (Figure 1). 3 Photo 3. Upper Nottawasaga River near Airport Road. Trends in the quality of trout stream habitat are similar for Sheldon Creek where summer stream temperatures are also coldest in the vicinity of Airport Road (Photo 4). High quality coldwater stream habitat conditions extend downstream to the 4th Line of Adjala (Figure 1). Photo 4. Sheldon Creek at Airport Road. 4 The high quality trout stream habitats located upstream from 20 Sideroad Adjala on the Nottawasaga River and upstream from the 4th Line Adjala on Sheldon Creek, provide optimal nursery habitat for juvenile rainbow trout (Photo 5). Adult rainbow trout moving upstream from Georgian Bay (Photo 6), access the Upper Nottawasaga River through the Nicolston Dam fishway located east of Alliston on Highway 89 (Figure 1). The combined fall/spring spawning run of rainbow trout through the fishway includes about 2,500 fish which play a significant role in supporting the recreational fishery for this species in the lower and middle reaches of the Nottawasaga River (Photo 7). Due to the size of the watershed and the abundance of coldwater stream habitat, the Nottawasaga River basin likely supports the largest run of migratory rainbow trout in the Georgian Bay Ecosystem. Photo 5. Wild two year old juvenile rainbow trout from the Upper Nottawasaga River. 5 Photo 6. Wild four year old female rainbow trout on her first spawning run, caught and released in the middle reaches of the Nottawasaga River. Photo 7. Anglers fishing for migratory rainbow trout in the lower reaches of the Nottawasaga River. 6 The situation is similar for wild Chinook Salmon where the size of the Nottawasaga River run may be the largest in the entire Lake Huron Ecosystem rather than just Georgian Bay. This abundance is due to the production of wild juvenile chinook salmon (Photo 8) in high quality coldwater stream habitats, particularly the upper Nottawasaga River and two tributary streams including the Pine River and Sheldon Creek. Another important factor favouring production of wild Chinook salmon is the nature of the migratory route between Georgian Bay and the high quality coldwater stream habitat located further inland. The combination of a flat river slope, relatively few shallow riffle sections and strong summer base flow from groundwater, provides optimal migratory conditions for Chinook Salmon ascending the main branch of the Nottawasaga River in August and September. Photo 8. Wild “young of the year” Chinook salmon from the Upper Nottawasaga River. The production of wild juvenile Chinook Salmon from the Nottawasaga River including the Upper Nottawasaga River, supports strong recreational sport fisheries, both in the river itself (Photo 9) and in the open waters of Georgian Bay (Photo 10) and Lake Huron. The river fishery supports the Essa Salmon Festival held in late September. This event is unusual in that most of the angling occurs near the community of Angus in the Nottawasaga River approximately 55km upstream from Georgian Bay. This situation is unlike other fall salmon derbies in the Great Lakes basin where the angling occurs in the lake, at the river mouth or a short distance up a tributary stream. 7 Nottawasaga Chinook salmon staging in south-eastern Georgian Bay in July and August, also support a robust recreational boat fishery out of Collingwood and Wasaga Beach. Recent studies completed by the University of Western Ontario indicate that wild salmon hatched in southern Georgian Bay tributary streams are important contributors to the open water Chinook fishery in the main basin of Lake Huron. Even sport fisheries on the Michigan side of Lake Huron out of ports like Cheboygan, likely benefit from the recruitment of southern Georgian Bay and Nottawasaga River salmon. Photo 9. Chinook salmon captured fly fishing in the lower reaches of the Nottawasaga River. 8 Photo 10. Male chinook salmon captured trolling off the mouth of the Nottawasaga River in Georgian Bay. Resident brown trout also thrive in the Upper Nottawasaga River and Sheldon Creek, in spite of competition from migratory rainbow trout and Chinook salmon. This species has not been intensively studied in the upper Nottawasaga River. In the summer of 2013 however, the Nottawasaga Valley Conservation Authority coordinated a collaborative fish community survey in the upper Nottawasaga River working with Credit Valley Conservation (CVC) Staff and their 5 amp punt boat electrofisher. The CVC crew was impressed by the densities of brown trout sampled and indicated that the abundance of this species seemed to be comparable to that found in the upper Credit River, one of the most highly regarded resident brown trout streams in southern Ontario. 9 Photo 11. Resident brown trout captured in the upper Nottawasaga River during a fish community survey completed by the Nottawasaga Valley Conservation Authority. 10 2.0 Trends in Stream Health and Coldwater Fish Habitat Quality The 2009 NVCA Fisheries Habitat Management Plan describes 13 fish habitat zones based on physiographic units. The “Escarpment Natural” zone (Figure 2), encompassing the Niagara Escarpment and adjacent Horseshoe Moraines, supports high quality coldwater stream habitats due to abundant forest cover and groundwater discharge.
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