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975.501 K58b 1136052 OENEAl-bGY COLLECTION 3 1833 02372 7891 KING AND QUEEN COUNTY, VIRGINIA m^Ea m RKV. AI^FRED BAGBY, D. D. Columbian Collejje, Washington, D. C. (now George Washingtor University). 1847: Princeton Theological Seminary, 1850-51. FRONTlSPIlcg KING AND QUEEN COUNTY, VIRGINIA By Rev. Alfred Bagby, A.B., D.D. ILLUSTRATED NEW YORK AND WASHINGTON THE NEALE PUBLISHING COMPANY 1908 Copyright, 1908, by ALFRED BAGBY 1136052 To the gentle woman who for thirty-four years sat by my side, shared my joys and my sorrows, and nurtured my children; who for all these years has been an inspira- tion in mind and heart and life— SARAH JANE ( POLLARD) BAGBY this book is affectionately dedicated by the author. FOREWORD The planting and growth of a group of people in a new country is always an interesting story. It is re- grettable, however, that great difficulties usually em- barrass such a narrative; for a people in the process of rapid development oftener than otherwise permit the most essential facts in their history to drift into the limbo of the lost. And in addition to this common neg- lect, there has come upon the people of this county a civil war, destroying her most valuable public and pri- vate records. But the author has made great compensation for the loss of so much original information by the diligence of his research and the faithful arrangement of his findings. His pages unfold before our eyes the pioneer settlement of this territory; its subsequent formation into the political division known as a county; the orderly development of this people under the law, customs, religion, and social life of a real English community; the names of many individuals and families who have added substance, culture, dignity, and luster to a brave and refined people; the arrest and almost overthrow of this civilization by a disastrous war; and the subse- quent resumption of communal life under radically changed social and economic conditions. This narrative will be of grateful and affectionate interest to the sons and daughters of this noble old' county, and to Virginians everywhere; and, in after years, to those seeking information for a larger history of our race on these new shores. A. J. MONTAGNE. Richmond, April 13, 1908. PREFACE The author has long since ceased to look for perfec- tion in any production that is merely human,—much less can he make such claim for himself. The most anyone can claim is to approximate his own ideals. Our attempt has been to tell the truth, the whole attainable truth, and nothing but the truth ; but we are mindful that the truth is not always the easiest thing to find, nor, when found, is it very easy to state it in a manner at once clear and attractive. We are not conscious of any sinister thought, cer- tainly not of any commercial thought, in the preparation of this volume. It has cost no little of time, expense, and labor, but it has been a labor of love. Himself a native of King and Queen, it has been his aim to set forth what he has seen and known of the nobility of the men and women it has sent forth as a legacy to the world. Omissions often and mistakes many will be observed, unavoidable from the inception, and for reasons but too obvious. Three times have the county records been swept away by fire, once during the Civil War. This is so disastrous that consecutive and detailed history of courts, transfers of real estate, and even county officers, is impossible. Hence much of our story is scrappy and fragmentary. I imagine that a parallel can hardly be found in the State. The county is among the smaller ones, with no great fertihty of soil; moreover, we are an isolated people with no great facilities for trading. The most that we can boast is in the character of our men and women, their culture, refinement, virtue, and devotion to reli- gious ideals. It has been my desire and ambition to do ample jus- tice to every section of our county. I could have no mo- tive possible to my discernment to do otherwise. As my own life has been in the middle section, things there have come more readily to my mind. 8 PREFACE From my boyhood the Baptists have been predomi- override all nant here. Every effort has been made to left partiality to them. If some find their family names are not always out, it is surely not by design. Good men responsive to appeals for family history and genealogy. matters. Even an An author is quite helpless in such honest man cannot write a history without data, nor the ought he. The larger space given to the Clarks, naturally Civil War, etc., is not unfair, for they and reasonably deserve a larger place in the public eye. Anent the Colonial church,—the Church of England, every possible effort has been made to get a represen- tation worthy and satisfactory for our volume, but in vain The author is greatly indebted to Hon. H. R. B. Pollard, Col. A. F. Fleet, Judges J. G. Dew, T. R. Wright, Charles T. Bagbyj Esq., B. H. Walker, M. D., John Pollard, D. D., and notably also to W. H. Whit- aid in sitt, LL. D., for words of cheer and valued various directions. A. Bagby. INTRODUCTION One of the happiest signs of the times is the awaken- ing of the historic sense among our people. Much of the material of history goes to waste in every country; but in our Southern country a larger amount of it has been lost than in some others. We have been more solicitous to make history than to record and preserve it when made. Possibly that is true of every community at cer- tain stages of its progress and development. In recent years a marked degree of interest has been aroused. The indifference of former years has passed away. That is one of the best features of the new day that has dawned upon us. Men are glad to cultivate a knowl- edge of families, municipalities, counties. States, and the whole country. The county of King and Queen is truly ancient and honorable, and it is a concern to many people in many sections that its history should be collected and set in order. But there are certain obstacles in the way of such a consummation. The public records of the county have been destroyed by fire on more than one occasion. This is an incalculable loss. There are other sources of information, but none of these are so extensive and reliable as those once to be found in the clerk's office at the courthouse. My honored friend, the Rev. Dr. Bagby, has devoted his attention for many years to the annals of King and Queen. He is sensible of the disadvantages under which he must labor, but he possesses a laudable ambition to preserve the things that remain, and to transmit an ac- count of them to posterity. He is a diligent and careful student, and his interest in the subject has been earnest and continued for many years. I have enjoyed an op- portunity to read over a portion of his work, and I consider it a very valuable and important contribution. I rejoice that he has decided to commit it to the press. 10 INTRODUCTION service, and He will thereby render an excellent public besides will perpetuate his own name for generations of to come, by linking it with the history and fortunes one of the most venerable and noble communities in our country. ^^ ^^^ William H. Whitsitt. Richmond College, September 12, 1907. CONTENTS PART I THE people: their homes, ways, works, worships CHAPTER PAGE I: Geographical Location—Antecedents— James- town Settlement 17 II: Progress and Expansion from Jamestown—Ori- gin of King and Queen's County ... 21 III: Resources, Climate, etc 26 IV: George Rogers Clark: his Nativity and his Exploits 35 V: Legislative Action Concerning the Formation, and Intended to Advance the Interest, of the County of King and Queen—Henning's " Statutes at Large " 42 VI: Church Houses and Old Homes .... 56 VII: Religious Denominations 92 PART II CIVIL WAR ANNALS VIII : The War Starts—The Home Guard . 129 IX : Rosters of King and Queen County in the Civil War 139 X: War Records, Letters, and Diaries . 149 XI: From Richmond to Appomattox 192 XII: Historical Address by J. Ryland, Sr. 223 . Ig CONTENTS PART III DOMESTIC AND SOCIAL CHAFTER ' PAGE the Poems of King and Queen 241 XII : Selections from to be Remembered, and a XIII : Two Men Deserving Boy sent on an Errand 254 XIV: Life on the Old Plantation 260 XV: Colored People of King and Queen County . 277 PART IV MISCELLANIES XVI: Family and Individual Records .... 289 XVII: Genealogies 322 XVIII: Fragments 364 ILLUSTRATIONS Rev. Alfred Bagby, D.D Frontispiece FACING PAGE Map of King and Queen County i8 Col. John Pollard 42 Lower Church of St. Stevens Parish ... 62 Col. J. C. CouNciLL 86 Hon. J. H. C. Jones 116 Sketch Showing Location Where Home Guards OF King and Queen County Attacked Col. Dahlgren's Command 134 Capt. Edward Campbell Fox 140 Dahlgren's Corner . .* 150 Miss Sarah Jane Pollard (Mrs. Alfred Bagby) 242 Mr. John Bagby 260 Thomas Roane Dew 300 Col. Samuel F. Harwood 316 Bell Air 354 PART I THE PEOPLE: THEIR HOMES, WAYS, WORKS, WORSHIPS : CHAPTER I GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION ANTECEDENTS JAMES- TOWN SETTLEMENT King and Queen is one of the tide-water counties of Virginia, lying at its southeastern extremity, only some forty miles from Chesapeake Bay.
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