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Conceptual Analysis of Bahudosh International Ayurvedic Medical Journal Alysis of Bahudoshavastha-A Review Article Eview INTERNATIONAL AYURVEDIC MEDICAL JOURNAL Review Article ISSN: 2320 5091 Impact Factor: 4.018 CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS OF BAHUDOSHAVASTHA-A REVIEW ARTICLE Sharada Sphoorthi.Y.1, Rijin Mohan2, Gopikrishna S3 1PG Scholar, 2PG Scholar, 3Professor and Head, Department of Roga Nidana Evam Vikruti Vigyana Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Ayurveda and Hospital Hassan. Tahnniruhalla, Hassan-573201, Karnataka, India Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Understanding the Avastha (Stage) of Dosha is very important in diagnosis, Prognosis and to plan the treatment in any Vyadhi. There are different Avastha of Doshas in disease condition like Vruddha Dosha (Increased state of Dosha), Kshaya Dosha (Decreased state of Dosha), Leena Dosha (Merged/Hidden state of Dosha), Utklishta Dosha (Distressed/Excited state of Dosha), and Prakupita Dosha (Agitated state of Dosha). Bahudosha is one among such Avastha where Shodhana is indicated. It can occur by itself due to pathological process of the Vyadhi or can be induced for the therapeutic utility. There are very few references regarding concept of Bahudoshavastha in Ayurvedic classics. Understanding the pathological status of Bahudoshavastha is always hard for a clinician since it always confuses with Samsarga /Sannipata Avastha of the Vyadhi. In this article an attempt is made to throw light into the concept of Bahudoshavastha in disease prognosis as well as treatment. Keywords: Dosha Avastha, Bahu Dosha Lakshana, Shodhana INTRODUCTION Shareerika and Manasika Doshas are the symbolic an indication of Shodhana. Hence it is important to representation of physiological activities and patho- understand the concept of Bahudoshavastha for the logical derangements. This pathological derange- prognosis as well as treatment1. ment of Doshas resulting in the manifestation of a Vyadhi occurs due to its Vruddhi. Vruddhi can be MATERIALS AND METHODS Gunataha (In terms of quality), Karmataha (In terms Bahudoshavastha Lakshanas described in Charaka of functions) and Dravyataha (In terms of form) de- Samhita Sutra sthana in Chikitsa Prabhrutheeya pending on the Nidana Sevana (Exposure to etio- Adhyaya. An attempt is made for the better under- logical factors) and Vyadhi Avastha (Stage of the standing of this concept and is discussed in detail in illness). Bahudoshavastha can be assessed for the this article with above possible clinical application therapeutic purpose and can be manifested due to the and importance in Chikitsa. pathological process of a Vyadhi. It is considered as Sharada Sphoorthi.Y et al: Conceptual Analysis Of Bahudoshavastha-A Review Article OBSERVATIONS AND RESULTS Bahudosha Lakshanas DEFINITION: The Lakshana mentioned in the context of Bahu- Word Bahu refers to Bahulya Vaishishtyam which doshavastha are observed prior to the therapeutic means Much, Many, Frequent, Great, Considerable intervention. Avipaka (Indigestion), Aruchi (Loss of in quantity2.Term Dosha refers the factor which is Appetite), Sthoulya (Obesity), Panduta (paleness of not only capable of vitiation but also of vitiating the body parts/Anemia), Gourava(Heavyness), other factors of the body is known as Dosha. These Klama (Exhaustion without exertion), Pidaka( Pap- are capable of getting vitiated due to their respective ule/Pimples), Kota(Wheals), Kandu (Itch- Nidanas and disturb the Prakruta Karma to initiate ing/Pruritis), Arathi (Restlessness), Alasya (La- the process of Samprapti (Pathogenesis), they are zyness), Shrama (Fatigue), Dourbalya (loss of known as three Dosha or Shareera Dosha.. Rajas physical strength or Debility), Dourgandhya (Bad and Tamas are considered as Manasika Doshas. odour), Avasada (Depression), Nidranasha (Loss of There are different stages of Doshas in a disease Sleep/Insomnia), Atinidratha (Increased condition like Vruddha Dosha3, Kshaya Dosha4 , sleep/Hypersomnia), Tandra ( Drowsiness), Leena Dosha5, Utklishta Dosha6, and Prakupita Klaibya(Impotency), Abuddhitwa (Not able to per- Dosha7. Utklishta Dosha can be considered as Bahu ceive Indriyarthas/not able to differentiate between Doshavastha. good or bad, right or wrong etc), Ashasta Swapna Utklishta Dosha: Darshana (Evil Dreams), Bala Pranasha (Loss of Condition where the Dosha moves from its own site Strength), Varna Pranasha (Loss of colour)12. is called Utklesha of Dosha8. The Condition of Murtha Dosha where it moves like that of a bubble DISCUSSION is called as Utklesha. As the bubble disturbs nor- Bahu Doshavastha and Snehapana: malcy of place where it is formed similarly Utklishta Vyadhi is generally caused by Dosha Prakopa .For Doshas disturbs equilibrium of Dosha resulting in removing Prakupitha Dosha via nearest Marga disease9. In disease Chardi, Utklesha of Doshas oc- Dosha Utkleshana should be done. This can be at- curs from Amashaya where different Lakshanas of tained by Snehapana, for that Shodhanartha Sneha- Chardi will be seen10. Here without Utklesha of pana is been administered to the subject. After at- Dosha there is no disease by name Chardi. Thera- taining Samyak Snigdha Lakshana where Dosha peutically when Utklesha is induced for the purpose Utkleshana happens13. For further Utkleshana of of Vamana that stage is Bahudoshavastha of the Dosha and to attain complete Bahudoshavastha Vyadhi. Similar applies to Atisara and Virechana, Dosha Utkleshakara Ahara is administered. This Peenasa and Nasya, Rakta Srava and Rakta Mok- will be followed by Shodhana via nearest Marga14. shana11 .When an individual suffering from an ill- The method of Shodhana depends on Specific ness, receives the Snehana, Svedana etc Poorva Dosha Prakopa in the Vyadhi15. For example in Vata Karma (Therapeutic procedures adopted prior Shod- Pradhana Kushta Sarpipana is indicated and in hana or purificatory procedure), individual will be Kapha Pradhana Kushta Vamana, Pitta Pradhana developing vitiation of Dosha. This is called as Kushta Raktamokshana is advised16.In Tamaka therapeutically induced Bahudoshavastha. When the shwasa, Avegavastha Vamana Karma and in Vega- person attains the stage of Bahudoshavastha without vastha Virechana Karma is administered. This is due Snehana, Svedana etc Poorva Karma, this is termed to the Bahudosha Lakshanas manifested in Tamaka as pathological Bahudoshavastha. Shwasa which requires repeated Shodhanas in dif- ferent intervals. IAMJ: Volume 6, Issue 7, July - 2018 1520 Sharada Sphoorthi.Y et al: Conceptual Analysis Of Bahudoshavastha-A Review Article Bahudosha and Samsarga/ Sannipata Avastha of pending on distribution of Dosha, Predominance of Vyadhi: Dosha and Duration of the Lakshanas, Shodhana It is always important to differentiate between Bahu- therapy can be planned. When a disease condition is doshavastha and Samsarga/Sannipatika Avastha of a associated with Bahudosha Lakshanas it can be con- Vyadhi17. This can be understood only by Amsham- sidered to have bad prognosis, where Shodhana is sha Kalpana of individual Doshas involved in a the only line of treatment. Vyadhi.For example in Kushta (Tridosha predomi- Importance in Vyadhi: nant Vyadhi) when its having Tridosha Dushti i.e Bahudosha is considered as one of the Nidana of Sannipatika Avastha of Doshas, Shamana is the line Apasmara where Doshas attain Unmarga Gati18.In of treatment, where as in Kushta when individual case of Raktapitta it is indicated that when Bahu- Dosha predominance is seen, Shodhana should be dosha Lakshanas are seen in a Balavan Rogi, Vire- administered by inducing Bahudoshavastha consid- chana and Vamana Karma should be administered ering the predominant Dosha. Though Kushta by in Urdhwaga Raktapitta, Adhoga Raktapitta respec- nature itself is Bahudoshavasthajanya Vyadhi de- tively19. Table 1: Showing Bahudosha Lakshana and relation with Dosha, Srotas etc Bahudosha Lakshana Probable Dosha involved20 Probable Srotas21/Dhatu22 Avipaka Kapha, Ama Annavaha, Rasavaha Aruchi Ama Rasavaha Sthoulya Kapha Medovaha Panduta Pitta Rasavaha Gourava Kapha, Ama Rasavaha Klama Kapha, Ama Rasavaha Pidaka Pitta Raktavaha Kota Pitta Raktavaha Kandu Kapha, Pitta Raktavaha Arati Vata Rasavaha Alasya Kapha, Ama Medovaha Shrama Tridosha Rasavaha Dourbalya Vata Rasavaha Dourgandhya Kapha, Sama Pitta Medovaha,Swedavaha Avasadaka Vata Rasavaha Nidranasha Vata Rasavaha Atinidra Kapha Rasavaha, Medovaha Tandra Kapha Rasavaha Klaibya Vata Rasavaha, Shukravaha Abuddhitwa Vata Manovaha Ashasta Swapnadarshana Vata Manovaha Bala Pranasha Vata, Kapha, Ama Rasavaha Varna Pranasha Pitta Raktavaha CONCLUSION Lakshanas in the body indicating Vyadhi Avastha. Doshas are the basic components of the body and That can manifest in different forms like Vruddha, differences in its proportion manifests with different Kupita, Leena, Utklishta Doshas etc. One such IAMJ: Volume 6, Issue 7, July - 2018 1521 Sharada Sphoorthi.Y et al: Conceptual Analysis Of Bahudoshavastha-A Review Article Avastha is Bahudoshavastha. Bahudoshavastha 11. Pt.Hari Sadasiva Sastri Paradakara. Astanga Hrudaya. helps to understand Vyadhi Avastha and Sutra Sthana Chapter 13. Chaukambha Sanskrit th Sadhyasadhyata(Prognosis). Inorder to plan Shod- Sansthan; Reprint 10 Edition 2011. Varanasi, p217. hana Chikitsa Bahudosha Lakshanas are enlisted 12. Vaidya Yadavji Trikamji.Charaka Samhita .Sutra Sthana Chapter16. Chaukhambha Prakashan; Reprint separately. Apart from this Bahudosha can be a 2011.Varanasi, p97. Nidana (Causative factor) like in Apasmara and 13. Pt.Hari Sadasiva Sastri Paradakara. Astanga Hrudaya. Lakshana in Vyadhis like Chardi, Raktapitta, Kushta Sutra Sthana Chapter 16. Chaukambha Sanskrit
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