Index

A Animals 15, 189, 236, 252, 271– Action-oriented play 259, 261, 265, 274, 277, 279–290 266 as related to gender 15, 273, 274, Adaptation 6, 29, 31, 32, 37, 39, 276, 279–282, 287–290 175, 176, 191, 300 as related to race 274, 281 Adult Fans of (AFOLs) 6, Animal studies 273 14, 26, 183, 189, 192, 203, 30, 38, 41, 42, 64, 187, 222, 223, 225, 226, 229, 230, 200, 203, 205, 210, 212, 331 233–240 Anime 25–26, 109 Aesthetic 9, 75, 78, 81, 93, 94, 156, Apocalypse 103, 125 157, 166, 179, 187, 189, 192, Apocalypseburg 97, 102, 111, 126, 199, 299, 338 130 Afective labor 13, 183, 238 Apple’s iPhone 49, 65 AFOLs. See Adult Fans of LEGO (2018) 30 (AFOLs) Armamageddon 103, 125, 129, 137, Alfred 37, 56–58, 61, 84, 301, 139 306–311, 314 Avatar (2009) 134, 136, 137 Amateur flmmaking 200 Te (2012) 24, 29, 329 American Girl Doll 9

© Te Editor(s) (if applicable) and Te Author(s), under 345 exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 R. C. Hains and S. R. Mazzarella (eds.), Cultural Studies of LEGO, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32664-7 346 Index

B Bonnycastle, Mary (LEGO novelist) “banal religion” 99, 105, 110, 114, 178 116 39 Barbie dolls 17, 62, 248, 326 Brand ambassadors. See LEGO 52, 61, 301, 306–308, 310, Ambassadors 312–314, 332, 333 Brand Finance 2 24–26 Brand identifcation 170 Batman (character) 10, 29–32, Branding 16, 28, 172, 324, 335, 35–42, 48, 49, 51–53, 55–57, 336, 340 60–62, 65–67, 298, 299, 301, Brand loyalty 65, 189, 190, 278 303, 304, 306, 333 Brave and the Bold, Te 52, 53 Batman (1989) 29, 53, 84, 333 Brickfair 229, 231 (1992) 53, 84, Brickflming 13, 188 302 Brickflms.com 188 Batman: Te Animated Series Bricklink 208, 215, 234, 235, 238, (1992-1995) 52, 53 239 Batman vs. : Dawn of Bricksburg 12, 97, 98, 103, 124, Justice (2016) 30, 54, 84 130, 131, 133, 135, 138, 156, Chris Nolan Films 302 165, 168 franchise 10, 25, 32, 48, 59, 60, 231 183, 185, 297, 298, 300, 301, Bricolage 92, 142, 166, 168, 299 306, 308, 309, 313, 315 Brooker, Will 36, 52, 301, 302, 310, Joel Schumacher flms 298, 299, 314 302 Building (action/play) 6, 13, 15, 26, 1960s television program 52, 309, 32, 38, 40, 55, 58, 62, 104, 312 123, 126, 130, 140, 151, 161, 1970s animated series 312 166, 171, 206, 225, 231, 232, 53, 57, 60, 65, 312 234, 249, 250, 259, 265, BBC 43 273 Te Big Bang Teory (2007-2019) 64 Burton, Tim 29, 36, 52, 53, 298, Black Panther (2018) 137, 329 299, 302–304, 308, 310, 312 Blockbusters 24, 29, 123, 132 Business Insider 2 Bodies 62, 79, 200–202, 204, 207, 212–214, 257, 272, 321–323, 326, 330, 336–341 C Boys 14, 15, 40, 130, 199, 210, Camp 15, 82, 299, 301–304, 247–251, 254–256, 258, 259, 308–313, 315 263, 277, 278, 280, 281, 284, Canon 24, 25, 32, 33, 41, 42, 103, 287, 288, 324, 335 302, 316 Index 347

Capitalism 66, 78, 123, 158, 194 Commercialism 48, 158 advanced 190 Commodity intertext 10, 48, 49, contemporary 139 56, 82 Castle 98, 233, 253 Construction play 27, 154, 321, Cat poster 108, 111 323, 332, 341 85, 313 Constructivism 154 Celebrity tabloid 177 Costume 32, 36, 53, 56, 179, 208, Character (in media text or toy) 41, 209, 309, 312 264, 279 Consumer ethics 169 Chevrolet 65 culture 25, 28, 33 Child development 4, 149, 271, 275 Corporate responsibility 341 Childhood 24, 27, 28, 226, 233, Costa, Rosaria (LEGO design direc- 256, 265, 275, 280 tor) 258, 323 Children 2, 5, 7, 9, 11, 15, 17, Counterculture 156 26–28, 48, 50–54, 58, 65, 66, Creative play 151, 153, 266 73, 74, 80, 81, 102, 103, 125, Creativity 4, 9, 12, 13, 32, 35, 82, 131, 149, 151–153, 155, 182, 104, 106, 139, 150–156, 158, 183, 185, 186, 188, 189, 191, 160, 162–166, 170–172, 188, 192, 200, 202, 225, 226, 240, 230, 231, 238, 259, 276, 299, 247, 248, 250–252, 255, 259, 323 264, 265, 271–278, 280–283, Critical studies 7–9 288–290, 299, 313, 314, 323, Cross-franchisement 123 335 Csikszentmihalyi’s fve stages of children’s culture 9, 17, 48, 50, creativity 12 51, 170, 247 Csikszentmihaly, Mihaly 12, 150 media studies 15, 25, 299 Cthulhu 140–142 China 328, 341 Cultural artifacts 2, 3, 6–9, 13, 16, Cloppers 202, 203 155 Cloud Cuckoo Land 83, 98, 103, 159 Cultural capital 13, 90, 176, 224 Co-creation 238–240 Cultural memory 154 Collaborative creative spaces 171 systems 153 Collectivism 151, 164–168, 170 Cultural studies 2, 3, 7, 8–10, 16 Comedy 38, 74, 75, 78–83, 85–87, Culture 90, 91, 202, 205, 210, 211, collaborative 23, 27, 169 304, 309, 310 participatory 23, 169 Comics 5, 10, 23–25, 28–30, 32–37, Cuteness 13, 129, 137, 140, 187, 39, 40, 50, 52, 53, 56, 64, 98, 189–192 302, 330, 332, 333 CW Network, Te 64 348 Index

D Entertainment industries 10, 25, 32, Dark Knight, Te 37, 38, 51, 54, 60, 42, 103 84, 297, 302, 303, 310, 311, Eros myth 139 315 Davies, Beth (LEGO novelist, pen name) 37, 179, 182, 183. See F also Soderberg, Erin Fandom 27, 116, 191, 203, 222– DC Entertainment 49, 64, 67 224, 227, 236, 237, 240, 309 DC Superheroes 28, 55, 57, 61, 339 Fan engagement 189 54, 84, 190, 312 Fan labor 188, 222, 239 Disney 8, 9, 23, 27, 32, 49, 102, Fans 6, 9, 10, 13, 14, 24, 26–29, 114, 236, 282, 284, 286, 324, 31, 33, 38, 41, 42, 51, 56, 59, 328, 329, 331, 332, 334, 339 62, 64, 66, 67, 123, 166, 177, Disney flms 5 183, 187, 189, 192, 202, 203, Disney Princess 284 209, 222–227, 237, 298, 301, District 9 (2009) 137 302, 316, 327, 328 Diversity/inclusivity 3, 8, 10, 14, Fan studies 14, 164, 222–225, 227, 16, 102, 141, 204, 247, 284, 237 321–325, 327–331, 334–336, Father(s) 81–82, 98, 125, 130, 131, 340 133, 139, 156, 159, 171, 190, Doc McStufns 285, 286 234, 256, 264, 307, 314, 332 Dorling Kindersley Publishing (DK) Federal Communications 30, 31, 42, 58, 61, 66, 333 Commission (FCC) 50 Doubling 75, 79, 80, 90, 91 Feminist media studies 15, 299 Duplo 12, 73, 103, 124, 126, 133, Feminization (of work) 190 135, 136, 140, 141, 228 Film 2, 4, 6, 9–13, 15, 23, 24, 27, Duplo blocks 125 29, 32–38, 40–42, 47, 48, 53–55, 57, 58, 61, 74, 75, 79–88, 92, 99, 110, 112, 126, E 127, 130, 134, 136, 137, 151, Elfman, Danny 29 156–165, 169–171, 175–177, Eliot, George 178, 179 180, 185–188, 191, 198–201, Emmet 12, 37, 74, 81, 83, 92, 107, 210, 213, 282, 297–300, 113, 114, 124–131, 134–136, 302–315, 324, 325, 327–330, 138, 142, 151, 156, 158, 159, 332, 333 161, 162, 164–166, 169, 184 Te 39, 64, 65 Emmet’s Guide to Being Awesome Fortune magazine 3 (2014) 183 Fox 43, 52, 123 Index 349

Franchise 4, 5, 10, 11, 14, 23–25, General Mayhem 124, 127, 129, 27, 28, 32–36, 40, 42, 49–51, 131 55, 84, 298, 300, 304, 310, Generative play 259, 265, 266 316, 322, 324, 327–332, 336, Girls 14, 15, 17, 40, 130, 231, 338–340 247–251, 253–259, 263–266, Fundraising 1 277, 278, 280, 281, 285–289, Pops 221, 338 301, 323, 335 Global mega-brands 4 Glue 82, 159, 172 G God 110, 114, 138, 139 Gandalf 83, 97, 115 Gordon, Barbara 61, 82, 332 Gay (culture/subculture) 135, 210, Gordon, Jim 63, 82 301, 310, 311 City 29, 38, 63, 82, 85 Gender 11, 41, 124, 126, 139–141, 39, 83, 333 170, 176, 191, 194, 207–210, 247, 248, 273, 300, 304, 305, 325–327, 331, 337 H associations 250, 265, 266, 279 Habits of the Heart (1985) 127, 131 as related to animals 15, 252, 271, Enterprises 178 273, 274, 276, 277, 279–283, Harlequin Romance 13, 178, 182, 285–290 191, 193 development in children 247, 58, 178, 179, 191, 332 273, 274, 290, 335 Harry Potter 5, 23–25, 28, 42, 60, diversity 14, 16, 204, 321, 323, 98, 103, 105, 108, 123, 208, 325, 336 231, 235, 298, 333, 334, 339 gender-neutral 254, 256, 277, Heart of Darkness, Te (1899) 127, 285, 287, 288, 290 138 inclusivity 14, 15, 323, 324, 327, Hero 25, 30, 31, 39, 53, 54, 62, 87, 334 107, 108, 114, 124, 161, 185, marketing 13–15, 247, 250, 251, 305–307, 322, 327, 329–333 259, 262, 265, 266, 279, 322, Heteronormativity 15, 204, 206, 335 309, 313, 314 segregation 247, 250 Heterosexual 198, 209, 210, 212, stereotypes 14, 15, 126, 142, 214, 215, 302, 303, 305, 308, 250–252, 254, 259, 263–266, 311, 314 276, 278, 280, 281, 335 Hollywood 24, 29, 76, 80, 84, 85, Gender stereotype fexibility 250, 92, 107, 112, 131, 176, 180, 264 322, 327–329, 334, 336 350 Index

Holmes, Anna (author of a Lego Jokermobile 58 novelization) 180–182 Journey to the Moon (1973) 187 Homophobic 210, 301 (2015) 42, 124 Howard, Kate (author of a Lego (2017) 30 novelization) 182, 186 Justice League, Te 30, 34, 38, 39, 52, 60, 61, 65

I Identity 13, 26, 27, 32, 40, 91, 93, K 113, 158, 163, 166, 167, 169, Keeping it Awesomer with Emmet 170, 223, 237, 250, 259, 271, (2019) 183 273, 274, 278, 281, 283, 284, Kenner Toys 187 288–290, 301, 312, 321, 325, Kiddicraft 4 326, 331, 332, 336, 338–340 Kindergarten 153, 154 Imperialism 134, 322, 327 Kragle, Te 81, 82, 97, 98, 159 Te Incredibles 28 Kristiansen, Ole Kirk 247, 248 Independence Day (1996) 134, 135 (1981) 28, 124, 298 Individualism 131, 142, 170 L Insight 10, 13, 17, 100, 102, 110, Labor 13, 14, 23, 74, 130, 131, 158, 128, 150, 151, 156, 160, 161, 159, 169, 180–182, 192, 193, 164, 166 222, 238–240, 275 Intellectual property 24, 188, 228, 335 gendered domestic labor 180 Interactivity 29, 39, 103, 165, 172, pink-collar labor 181 232 Ladyfg. See LEGO mini-dolls (ladyfg) Intersectionality 15, 265, 273, 279, Landers, Ace (author of a LEGO 281, 285, 289 novelization) 183 Intertextuality 110, 303, 304, 313 Lane, Jeanette (author of a LEGO Irony 11, 59, 75, 78, 79, 88–92, novelization) 58, 59, 63, 182, 112–114, 129, 161, 163, 171, 185 200, 205, 324 LEGO Ambassador program 6, 238 LEGO Ambassadors 222, 227, 229, 230 J LEGO artists 232, 233 Jerry Maguire 310, 313 297 , Te 29, 30, 37–40, 53, 54, LEGO Batman (character) 10, 56, 58, 61, 63, 80, 82, 85, 86, 29–32, 35, 37–39, 41, 42, 49, 178, 179, 186, 302–307, 310, 51, 56, 57, 60–62, 66, 67, 311, 313–315 298, 299 Index 351

LEGO Batman 2: DC Super LEGO DC Comics Super Heroes: Heroes (2012) 29, 39, 42, 54 Justice League: LEGO Batman 3: Beyond Gotham Breakout (2016) 38, 55, 63, (2014) 39, 42, 55 312 LEGO Batman: Te Movie – DC LEGO DC Comics Super Heroes: Heroes Unite (2013) 24, 30, 38 Justice League vs League LEGO Batman: Te (2015) 45 (2008) 29, 39, 42, 45, 48, 55 LEGO DC Comics Super Heroes: LEGO Batman Movie (2017) 30, 46, Te Flash (2018) 46 47, 74, 104, 176, 297, 313, LEGO DC Super Heroes 10, 25, 29, 332, 334 31–35, 41, 42, 330, 332, 335 LEGO Batman Movie Junior Novel LEGO DC Super Heroes: Te (2019) 182, 185 Awesome Guide (2018) 30 LEGO (1980)- a brickflm 187 LEGO DC Super-Villains (2018) 30, LEGO BrickHeadz 338–340 42 LEGO Chima 103, 109, 115 LEGO (defnition) 3, 161, 201 LEGO cinematic universe 29, 309, LEGO designers 14, 34, 150, 232, 330 234, 235, 238, 332, 337 98, 208, 252, 253, 262, (2015) 43 340 LEGO Disney 8, 27, 102, 286, 324, LEGO collectors 14, 232–237, 239 328 LEGO construction toys 5, 26, 104, . See Duplo 149, 185, 277, 322, 334 17, 103, 109, 167, 284, LEGO DC Comics 286 LEGO DC Comics: Batman LEGO everyday players 232, Be-Leagured (2014) 45 235–237 LEGO DC Comics Super Heroes: LEGO FABULAND 237 Aquaman: Rage of LEGO Fan Media. See LFM (2018) 46, 333 Recognized LEGO Fan Media. LEGO DC Comics Super Heroes: See RLFM Character encyclopedia (2016) LEGO Foundation, Te 13, 150– 30 152, 154, 155, 161, 165, 171 LEGO DC Comics Super Heroes: LEGO Franchise 8, 9, 14, 23, 25, Justice League: Attack of the 27, 28, 35, 40, 48, 55, 91, ! (2015) 46 300, 322, 330, 336, 340, 341 LEGO DC Comics Super Heroes: 127, 131, 141, 167, Justice League: Cosmic Clash 233, 248–253, 265, 278, 279, (2016) 46 284–287, 323, 332, 335, 336 352 Index

LEGO Go Brick Me 339, 340 233, 249, 252, 256–258, 300, LEGO Group, Te 2, 3, 16, 34, 321–323, 325–328, 330–333, 35, 48, 151, 158, 187, 188, 336–339 208, 225, 227–230, 237–239, LEGO Mosaic Maker 337, 338, 340 248, 249, 321–323, 330, 332, LEGO Movie (2014) 6, 30, 55, 74, 334–336, 338, 340, 341 97, 99, 103, 123, 176, 188, LEGO Group AFOL Engagement 298, 321 Department 238 LEGO Movie Junior Novel (2013) LEGO Group Web site 3 186 5, 23–25, 28, Te LEGO Movie 2: Te Second Part 60, 98, 103, 123, 208 (2019) 11, 41, 46, 55, 61, 99, LEGO history 3–6, 236, 237 103, 124, 309 Te Movie (2017) 10, LEGO Indiana Jones 2: Te 66, 74, 104, 309 Adventure Continues (2009) 42 LEGO novelizations 13, 58, 176, LEGO Indiana Jones: Te Original 181–185, 189–191 Adventures (2008) 42 LEGO Online Community. See (2015) 124 LOC LEGO Lord of the Rings (2001) 42 Recognized LEGO Online Teme Parks 2, 17, 31 Community. See RLOC LEGO Magazine 17 of the Caribbean: Te LEGO Marvel Super Heroes Video Game (2011) 42 LEGO Marvel’s Avengers (2016) 42 LEGO playsets 10, 13, 14, 41, 54, LEGO Marvel Super Heroes 56, 57, 60, 150, 158, 249, (2013) 42, 330 254, 273, 282 LEGO Marvel Super Heroes 2 LEGO pornography 14, 188, 197, (2017) 43 199–214 LEGO Marvel Superheroes: LEGO porn (defnition) 198, 201 Maximum Overload (2013) 24 LEGO product range 123 LEGO Master Builder’s Academy LEGO replica 1, 2 (MBA) 150, 170 LEGO robotics 2, 7, 238 7, 226, 237, 238 LEGO robotics club 17 LEGO mini-dolls (ladyfg) 125, 252, LEGO Scala 248 256–258, 262, 264, 323, 332, LEGO sets. See LEGO playsets 340 LEGO 41, 226, 300, 335 LEGO minifgures 1, 3, 10, 14, 16, II: Te Original 23, 26, 28–32, 34, 41, 62, Trilogy (2006) 43 65, 159, 188, 189, 197, 199, LEGO Star Wars III: Te Clone 201, 203–212, 215, 228, 229, Wars (2011) 43 Index 353

LEGO Star Wars: Te Complete Lovecraft, H.P. 140 Saga (2007) 43 Lucy. See Wyldstyle LEGO Star Wars: Te Forces LUG 225, 227–230, 235, 239 Awakens (2016) 43 Luthor, Lex 29, 30, 39, 57, 63 LEGO Star Wars: Te Freemaker Adventures (2016-present) 24 LEGO Star Wars: Te Video Game M (2005) 43 Te Magic Portal 187 LEGO Store retail shops 2 Magnesium 101 LEGO Studies (2014) 7, 16, 299 Maguire, Toby 29 188 Man of (2013) 30 LEGO Superheroes 33, 61, 66, 330 Marketing strategies 57, 65, 224, LEGO System 3, 153, 155, 163, 278 249, 265 LEGO Te Hobbit (2014) 42 Marketplace socialization 11, 248, LEGO Te Incredibles (2018) 43 249 LEGO Terapy 7 Marvel Cinematic Universe, Te 330 LEGO Universe (verse) 9, 11, 12, 23, 24, 28, 29, 32, 61, 83, 98, 99, 103, 104, 114, 33, 178, 231, 331, 339 159, 166, 271 Masculinity 12, 15, 82, 126–128, LEGO User Group. See LUG 133, 141, 142, 297, 299–301, Recognized LEGO User Group. 303–306, 308, 312 See RLUG Master Builder(s) 12, 37, 63, 97, LEGO Wear 2 141, 149, 150, 156–159, Leia (Princess, General) 327 161–163, 165–167, 169–172, LFM 227, 228 184 Lesbian 209, 210, 215 Master Building 12, 140, 150, Licensing 5, 10, 16, 25, 26, 41, 48, 161–163, 169, 171 49, 51, 53, 54, 56, 60, 67, Master Wu 82 300, 324, 335, 336, 339–341 Mastery 149–151, 154, 163, List(s) 11, 43, 53, 74–81, 83–92, 169–171, 305, 306 193, 235, 284, 308 Material system 153, 154 82, 84, 87 Matrimonial ceremony 114 LOC 227, 228 Te Matrix (1999) 128, 156, 162, Loomis, Bernard 187 163 Lord Business 81, 97, 98, 114, 124, 5, 187, 326 156–161, 165–168, 171 McDonald’s 55, 64, 67 Lord Garmadon 82, 84, 86, 87, 305 Medhurst, Andy 301, 302, 310, 314, Lord of the Rings (2001) 42 315 Lorenz, Konrad 189, 190, 192 Media industries 181, 224, 340 354 Index

Mediatization 99, 104, 109, 110, Neoliberal 11, 13, 75, 78, 92, 94, 115 180, 184, 190, 191 Men in Black (1997) 133 New age spiritualities 99–101 Metamodernism 99, 112, 113 9, 181 Metaphor 14, 150, 151, 160, 161, Ninjago 63, 82–84, 86, 103, 109, 165, 166, 197, 205, 207, 299 115, 305, 309, 340 30, 40, 133 Nolan, Christopher 36, 52, 57, 84, Micro-entrepreneurialism 190 298, 299, 302, 303, 308, 310, Mills & Boon 178 312 Mini-dolls. See LEGO mini-dolls Nostalgia 24, 27, 28, 204, 211, 226 (ladyfg) Minifgures. See LEGO minifgures MOCs. See My Own Creations O Money shot 203, 204, 212 OKI LUG 230, 231, 235, 236 Ms. Marvel 330–332 Mother(s) 131, 265, 276 Multiplicity 25, 33, 34, 36, 37, 91 P My Little Pony (characters/toys) 255, Palace of infnite refection 111 280 Parasocial interaction (PSI) 222 My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic Parasocial relationship (PSR) (2010-2019) 202 222–226, 229 My Own Creations (MOCs) 40, 235 Paratexts 6, 10, 28, 31, 33, 38, 40, 42, 155, 324 Parody 15, 26, 38, 81–86, 211, 299, N 300, 303, 308, 313 Narrative 9, 11, 24, 25, 27, 28, Patrinos, Maritsa 249 30–32, 36–42, 49, 50, 56–58, Penetration 14, 197, 204–208 60–62, 66, 67, 74, 80–83, Books 30 85, 86, 88, 91, 92, 98, 99, Penguin, Te 30, 39, 57 104–107, 109, 116, 136, 149, Phallocentrism 14, 197, 204–209, 151, 156, 158, 159, 161, 162, 212, 214 164, 166, 169, 171, 175, 177, Te Phantom Menace (1999) 27 178, 182, 185, 186, 198–200, Piece of Resistance 97, 156, 161 207, 211, 212, 265, 266, 279, Play 24, 60–62, 84, 98, 103, 109, 288, 298, 300, 302, 307–309, 125, 129, 130, 155, 156, 166, 313, 321, 326, 329 175–177, 303, 308, 309 Navajo coyote myth 142 29, 39, 56, 85, 332 Index 355

Pop(ular) culture 8, 11, 13, 17, 33, Realm(s) 92, 98, 102, 103, 106, 107, 99, 101–103, 105, 107, 108, 114, 159, 162, 169, 336 110, 114, 115, 133, 177, 181, Religion 11, 98–102, 105–111, 113, 182, 271, 274, 287 114, 271 Postmodernist 112, 113, 156, 164 Religious studies 11, 99, 101, 102, Pornography 178, 197, 200, 214 105, 107 Postwar American culture 152 Representation 2, 8–10, 12, 15, 16, Pratt, Chris 129, 134, 137, 188 41, 74, 79, 89, 91, 93, 100, President Business. See Lord Business 105, 109, 112, 128, 135, 137, Princess 134, 159, 160, 282 140, 150, 172, 200, 209, 213, Princess culture 9 263, 271–274, 278, 282, 284, Pirates of the Caribbean 28, 339 290, 300, 301, 322, 325–327, Product diferentiation 5, 27, 324, 330–334, 338 334 Responsibility Report 323, 335, 336 Prophesy 161, 169 Retconning 33 Public brand management initiatives Rey 324–326 14 , Te 29, 85, 311 Rise of the (2017) 179, 182, 183 Q RLFM 227, 230 Queen Watevra Wa’nabe 61, 124, RLOC 227, 230 125, 133, 136 RLUG 227, 230 Queer 209, 299, 302, 304, 315 37–39, 52, 54, 56, 57, 60, Queer (Identity) 209, 210 61, 63, 65, 82, 301, 306–310, Queer (Teory) 15, 299 312–314 Rusu, Meredith (author of LEGO novelization) 60, 180, 181, R 183 Race and racialization 11, 12, 14, 99, 126, 132, 138, 140–143, 273, 274, 281–284, 300, 305, 321, S 322, 326–328, 332, 334–338, Savior 81, 98, 114, 136, 165 340 Scuttler, Te 58, 63 as related to animals 273, 274, Secular 12, 98, 100–102, 112 281 Self-help 100, 181, 183, 184 as related to minifgures 322, 323, literature 181 331, 338–340 techniques 184 Racialized other 132, 138, 140 Sex 198, 199, 201–207, 209, 210, Raimi, Sam 29 212–214, 255, 264, 283, 284 356 Index

Sexuality 201, 203, 207, 212, 213, T 273, 314 Teenage Mutant Turtles 83, Slavery 133 183 Social evolution 153 Television 2, 6, 24, 25, 28, 29, 33, Soderberg, Erin 37, 180, 181, 183, 36, 37, 39, 50, 52, 64, 81, 83, 193. See also Davies, Beth 103, 112, 180, 194, 202, 224, (LEGO novelist, pen name) 278, 280, 301, 312, 329, 333 Te Special 92, 107, 161 Temple(s) 103, 113, 114, 124, 125, Species (as related to animals) 273, 135, 137 274, 279–281, 283, 286, 287, Toyesis 6, 50, 62 289, 290 Toyetics 6, 10, 13, 16, 35, 37, 53, Spider-Man 29, 53 58, 187, 191 Spider-Man (2002) 29 Toy Fans 223, 231, 232, 237 Star Wars 193, 226, 234, 237, 300, Toys 2–4, 6, 7, 11, 14, 16–18, 24, 335 26–28, 30, 31, 34, 35, 37, Star Wars (1977, original release) 107 39–42, 50, 51, 54, 57, 58, 62, STEM learning 7 64, 66, 67, 102, 131, 149, STEM play 247 154, 156, 163, 164, 170, 171, Stereotypes 8, 15, 179, 259, 263, 175, 181, 187, 189, 226, 231, 264, 276, 278, 281, 289 232, 234, 236, 240, 247, 248, gender 14, 15, 126, 142, 250– 250, 254–256, 259, 264, 266, 252, 254, 259, 263–266, 276, 271, 272, 274–283, 290, 325 278, 281, 300, 335 Transformer toys 166 Stop-motion animation 156, 197, Transmedia franchise character 10, 199 42 Storytelling 8, 15, 17, 24, 32, 33, Transmedia storytelling 10, 23, 25, 48, 107 30, 36, 37 52, 60 Transmedia worlds 10, 24 Superhero(es) 24, 28, 29, 32, 33, Traveller’s Tales 24, 29 37, 38, 51, 52, 57, 61, 64, 66, 67, 82, 107, 306, 313, 329, 330–332 U Superhuman agent 109, 116 Unikitty (Princess) 111, 159, 160, Superman 29, 32, 38, 39, 52–54, 56, 184 57, 60, 61, 83 Universal Studios 43 Systematic creativity (method) 150, 153, 163 Systematic Creativity (publication) V 154, 165, 166 Valuation 9, 164 Index 357

Vampire 83, 111, 116 Women’s writing 178, 182 Vehicles 13, 30, 53, 58, 62, 188, 29, 38, 56, 57, 83, 236, 261, 265, 266, 309 332 diferent types of vehicles 63, 84, Wonder Woman (2017) 30 168, 253, 261, 306, 325 World-building 24, 37, 158 Video games 4, 9, 24, 26, 27, 31, World’s Finest Comics 52 35, 36, 39–42, 50, 53, 54, 60, Wyldstyle 83, 124, 127–130, 156, 61, 63, 64, 66, 104, 175, 186, 157, 159, 162, 163, 165, 166, 187, 298, 306 184 Vitruvius 83, 92, 97, 107, 114, 115, Lucy 92, 124–131, 134, 136 156, 157, 161, 162, 172, 184

X W X-Men, Te 29, 331 Warner Bros 23, 24, 30, 32, 37, 38, 42, 43, 54, 56, 59, 64, 84, 302, 332, 333 Y Warner Media 48, 49, 64 YouTube 14, 51, 58, 64, 112, 116, Weapons 168, 306 187, 199, 200, 202, 227 West, Adam 301, 302, 308, 309, YouTube Nudity and Sexual Content 315 Policies 200 #WheresRey? 324, 326 White savior 12, 126, 134–137