Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners Adopted By
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BLACK MEN MAKING IT in AMERICA: the Engines of Economic Success for Black Men in America
BLACK MEN MAKING IT IN AMERICA: The Engines of Economic Success for Black Men in America W. Bradford Wilcox, Wendy R. Wang, and Ronald B. Mincy Black Men Making It in America: The Engines of Economic Success for Black Men in America 1 Table of Contents CHAPTER 1: Introduction 4 CHAPTER 2: Black Men Who Have Made It 7 CHAPTER 3: Assessing Conventional Accounts of Black Men’s Success 12 CHAPTER 4: Other Engines of Opportunity for Black Men 16 CHAPTER 5: Conclusion 20 APPENDICES 24 2 Black Men Making It in America: The Engines of Economic Success for Black Men in America EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Over the last decade, much of the racial news and academic research on black men in America has been sobering, if not downright depressing. But negative news isn’t the only story about race or even about black males in the United States. In Black Men Making It in America, we report some good news: • Black men’s economic standing. More than one-in-two black men (57%) have made it into the middle class or higher as adults today, up from 38% in 1960, according to a new analysis of Census data. And the share of black men who are poor has fallen from 41% in 1960 to 18% in 2016. So, a substantial share of black men in America are realizing the American Dream—at least financially—and a clear majority are not poor. • The institutional engines of black men’s success. As expected, higher education and full-time work look like engines of success for black men in America. -
Growth in the U.S. Ex-Felon and Ex-Prisoner Population, 1948 to 2010
GROWTH IN THE U.S. EX-FELON AND EX-PRISONER POPULATION, 1948 TO 2010 Sarah Shannon, Christopher Uggen, MElissa Thompson, Jason Schnittker, and Michael Massoglia Abstract The steep rise in U.S. criminal punishment in recent dEcades has spurred scholarship on the collateral consequences of imprisonment for individuals, familiEs and communities (Pager 2009; WakefiEld and Uggen 2010; Western 2006; Wildeman 2009). WhilE sEveral excEllent studies have estimated the size and social distribution of the former prisoner population (Bonczar and Beck 1997; PEttit and Western 2004), far less is known about the size and scope of thE total ex-felon population beyond prison walls. This paper extends previous national estimates of the U.S. ex-fElon population to 2010 and develops state-level estimates based on demographic life tables (Uggen, Manza and Thompson 2006). The felon population has far-reaching consequences for individuals as well as communities and social institutions, including civic engagEment and community health. 1 GROWTH IN THE U.S. EX-FELON AND EX-PRISONER POPULATION, 1948 TO 2010 As U.S. rates of criminal punishment have increased dramatically over the past 40 years, social scientists have begun to document and explicatE the far-flung consequences of incarceration (see, E.g., WakefiEld and Uggen 2010). As Figure 1 demonstrates, however, the lion’s share of this growth has been among the non-incarcerated population of probationers and parolees who are supervised in their communities. Such trends have important social and dEmographic consequences, as those subject to criminal sanctions facE restrictions on Employment, housing, voting, and welfare recEipt, as well as long- term effects on physical and mental health (Ewald and Uggen 2011; Massoglia 2008; Schnittker and John 2007). -
Prison Abolition and Grounded Justice
Georgetown University Law Center Scholarship @ GEORGETOWN LAW 2015 Prison Abolition and Grounded Justice Allegra M. McLeod Georgetown University Law Center, [email protected] This paper can be downloaded free of charge from: https://scholarship.law.georgetown.edu/facpub/1490 http://ssrn.com/abstract=2625217 62 UCLA L. Rev. 1156-1239 (2015) This open-access article is brought to you by the Georgetown Law Library. Posted with permission of the author. Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.georgetown.edu/facpub Part of the Criminal Law Commons, Criminal Procedure Commons, Criminology Commons, and the Social Control, Law, Crime, and Deviance Commons Prison Abolition and Grounded Justice Allegra M. McLeod EVIEW R ABSTRACT This Article introduces to legal scholarship the first sustained discussion of prison LA LAW LA LAW C abolition and what I will call a “prison abolitionist ethic.” Prisons and punitive policing U produce tremendous brutality, violence, racial stratification, ideological rigidity, despair, and waste. Meanwhile, incarceration and prison-backed policing neither redress nor repair the very sorts of harms they are supposed to address—interpersonal violence, addiction, mental illness, and sexual abuse, among others. Yet despite persistent and increasing recognition of the deep problems that attend U.S. incarceration and prison- backed policing, criminal law scholarship has largely failed to consider how the goals of criminal law—principally deterrence, incapacitation, rehabilitation, and retributive justice—might be pursued by means entirely apart from criminal law enforcement. Abandoning prison-backed punishment and punitive policing remains generally unfathomable. This Article argues that the general reluctance to engage seriously an abolitionist framework represents a failure of moral, legal, and political imagination. -
The California Prisoners Union in Without Freedom of Expression 1971
THE CALIFORNIA A Prisoners Rights Union Publication Sacramento, CA June 1991 Vol. 19, No.2 1971-1991: A History of Fighting For Prisoner's Rights PRU and the Law .\ "The law in its impartial majesty forbids the rich and poor alike from steahng bread and sleeping under bridges." By Michael Snedeker ways been the second type. These categories are not water-tight; the Union or Its volunteers have often tried to Union's Philosophy help individuals, and have also weighed in heavily recently Is the Law a thing to be ad against the explosive growth of mired? In California, laws are imprisonment as the ofiicial solu auctioned off to the interest tion to a host of societal groups that pay the most. Gover· problems. However, groups that nor Wilson was given $760,000 want to abolish prisons or help by California's prison guards to individuals share an indifference run for office; few among us could to the legal structure governing remain unaffected by such a sum prisons, while the Prisoners of money. Inside prison, laws are Union has made this stn lct-ure more like suggestions than fixed its central focus. norms. Still and all, the Bill of The righ ts closest to our hearts Rights has not yet been repealed; are tho e g1raranteed by the First the Prisoners Rights Uh ion has Amendment to the United States alws,ys been interested in and in· Constitut ion, Ilnd Al·ticle 1, sec volved with cha nging or enforc· lions 2 and 3 of the California ing laws. Constitution; the rights t.bat col Our interest arises fro m the ledively make up what has been Union's essential nat u re. -
Prisoner Testimonies of Torture in United States Prisons and Jails
Survivors Speak Prisoner Testimonies of Torture in United States Prisons and Jails A Shadow Report Submitted for the November 2014 Review of the United States by the Committee Against Torture I. Reporting organization The American Friends Service Committee (AFSC) is a Quaker faith based organization that promotes lasting peace with justice, as a practical expression of faith in action. AFSC’s interest in prison reform is strongly influenced by Quaker (Religious Society of Friends) activism addressing prison conditions as informed by the imprisonment of Friends for their beliefs and actions in the 17th and 18th centuries. For over three decades AFSC has spoken out on behalf of prisoners, whose voices are all too frequently silenced. We have received thousands of calls and letters of testimony of an increasingly disturbing nature from prisoners and their families about conditions in prison that fail to honor the Light in each of us. Drawing on continuing spiritual insights and working with people of many backgrounds, we nurture the seeds of change and respect for human life that transform social relations and systems. AFSC works to end mass incarceration, improve conditions for people who are in prison, stop prison privatization, and promote a reconciliation and healing approach to criminal justice issues. Contact Person: Lia Lindsey, Esq. 1822 R St NW; Washington, DC 20009; USA Email: [email protected] +1-202-483-3341 x108 Website: www.afsc.org Acknowledgements This report would not have been possible but for the courageous individuals held in U.S. prisons and jails who rise above the specter of reprisal for sharing testimonies of the abuses they endure. -
The Unofficial Prisoner Cell Block H Companion Free
FREE BEHIND THE BARS: THE UNOFFICIAL PRISONER CELL BLOCK H COMPANION PDF Scott Anderson,Barry Campbell,Rob Cope,Barry Humphries | 312 pages | 12 Aug 2013 | Tomahawk Press | 9780956683441 | English | Sheffield, United Kingdom Prisoner (TV series) - Wikipedia Please sign in to write a review. If you have changed your email address then contact us and we will update your details. Would you like to proceed to the App store to download the Waterstones App? We have recently updated our Privacy Policy. The site uses cookies to offer you a Behind the Bars: The Unofficial Prisoner Cell Block H Companion experience. By continuing to browse the site you accept our Cookie Policy, you can change your settings at any time. Not available This Behind the Bars: The Unofficial Prisoner Cell Block H Companion is currently unavailable. This item has been added to your basket View basket Checkout. Added to basket. May Week Was In June. Clive James. Lynda Bellingham. Last of the Summer Wine. Andrew Vine. Not That Kind of Girl. Lena Dunham. Match of the Day Quiz Book. My Animals and Other Family. Clare Balding. Confessions of a Conjuror. Derren Brown. Hiroshima mon amour. Marguerite Duras. Just One More Thing. Peter Falk. George Cole. Tony Wilson. Life on Air. Sir David Attenborough. John Motson. Collected Screenplays. Hanif Kureishi. Holly Hagan. Falling Towards England. Your review has been submitted successfully. Not registered? Remember me? Forgotten password Please enter your email address below and we'll send you a link to reset your password. Not you? Reset password. Download Now Dismiss. Simply reserve online and pay at the counter when you collect. -
Slavery by Another Name History Background
Slavery by Another Name History Background By Nancy O’Brien Wagner, Bluestem Heritage Group Introduction For more than seventy-five years after the Emancipation Proclamation and the end of the Civil War, thousands of blacks were systematically forced to work against their will. While the methods of forced labor took on many forms over those eight decades — peonage, sharecropping, convict leasing, and chain gangs — the end result was a system that deprived thousands of citizens of their happiness, health, and liberty, and sometimes even their lives. Though forced labor occurred across the nation, its greatest concentration was in the South, and its victims were disproportionately black and poor. Ostensibly developed in response to penal, economic, or labor problems, forced labor was tightly bound to political, cultural, and social systems of racial oppression. Setting the Stage: The South after the Civil War After the Civil War, the South’s economy, infrastructure, politics, and society were left completely destroyed. Years of warfare had crippled the South’s economy, and the abolishment of slavery completely destroyed what was left. The South’s currency was worthless and its financial system was in ruins. For employers, workers, and merchants, this created many complex problems. With the abolishment of slavery, much of Southern planters’ wealth had disappeared. Accustomed to the unpaid labor of slaves, they were now faced with the need to pay their workers — but there was little cash available. In this environment, intricate systems of forced labor, which guaranteed cheap labor and ensured white control of that labor, flourished. For a brief period after the conclusion of fighting in the spring of 1865, Southern whites maintained control of the political system. -
Judgment Day the Judgments and Sentences of 18 Horrific Australian Crimes
Judgment Day The judgments and sentences of 18 horrific Australian crimes EDITED BY BeN COLLINS Prelude by The Hon. Marilyn Warren AC MANUSCRIPT FOR MEDIA USE ONLY NO CONTENT MUST BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT PERMISSION PLEASE CONTACT KARLA BUNNEY ON (03) 9627 2600 OR [email protected] Judgment Day The judgments and sentences of 18 horrific Australian crimes MEDIA GROUP, 2011 COPYRIGHTEDITED BY OF Be THEN COLLINS SLATTERY Prelude by The Hon. Marilyn Warren AC Contents PRELUDE Taking judgments to the world by The Hon. Marilyn Warren AC ............................9 INTRODUCTION Introducing the judgments by Ben Collins ...............................................................15 R v MARTIN BRYANT .......................................17 R v JOHN JUSTIN BUNTING Sentenced: 22 November, 1996 AND ROBERT JOE WAGNER ................222 The Port Arthur Massacre Sentenced: 29 October, 2003 The Bodies in the Barrels REGINA v FERNANDO ....................................28 Sentenced: 21 August, 1997 THE QUEEN and BRADLEY Killer Cousins JOHN MURDOCH ..............................................243 Sentenced: 15 December, 2005 R v ROBERTSON ...................................................52 Murder in the Outback Sentenced: 29 November, 2000 Deadly Obsession R v WILLIAMS .....................................................255 Sentenced: 7 May, 2007 R v VALERA ................................................................74 Fatboy’s Whims Sentenced: 21 December, 2000MEDIA GROUP, 2011 The Wolf of Wollongong THE QUEEN v McNEILL .............................291 -
The Case for More Incarceration
If you have issues viewing or accessing this file contact us at NCJRS.gov. U.S. Department of Justice Office of Policy and Communications Office of Policy Development The Case for More Incarceration 1992 &7 U.S. Department of Justice Office of Policy and Communications Office of Policy Development The Case for More Incarceration 1992, NCJ-J39583 139583 U.S. Department of Justice National Institute of Justice This document has been reproduced exactly as received from the Ph~rson or organization originating it. Points of view or opinions stated in t IS do.c~ment ~~e those of (he authors and do not necessarily rep'esent the official position or pOlicies of the National Institute of Justice. Permtisdsion to reproduce this II f) I8llM material has been gran~d t:1y • . • .l?UbllC Danain/Off. of Poliey Communications/Off. of POlley Develop. to the National Criminal Justice Reference Service (NCJRS). Ffutrthher repr?ductlon outside of the NCJRS system requires permission o e ........ owner. NCJRS ~AN 5 1993 ACQUISITIONS (@ffitt nf tltt Attnrntl1 <&tntral liIus1yingtnn, i.QT. 20530 October 28, 1992 In July, I released a report entitled Combating Violent Crime: 24 Recommendations to strengthen Criminal Justice, set ting forth a comprehensive strategy for making state criminal justice systems more effective in achieving their central purpose -- the protection of our citizens. As I stated then, there is no better way to reduce crime than to identify, target, and incapa citate those hardened criminals who commit staggering numbers of violent crimes whenever they are on the streets. Of course, we cannot incapacitate these criminals unless we build sufficient prison and jail space to house them. -
From Slavery to Mass Incarceration
loïc wacquant FROM SLAVERY TO MASS INCARCERATION Rethinking the ‘race question’ in the US ot one but several ‘peculiar institutions’ have success- ively operated to define, confine, and control African- NAmericans in the history of the United States. The first is chattel slavery as the pivot of the plantation economy and inceptive matrix of racial division from the colonial era to the Civil War. The second is the Jim Crow system of legally enforced discrimination and segregation from cradle to grave that anchored the predominantly agrarian society of the South from the close of Reconstruction to the Civil Rights revolution which toppled it a full century after abolition. America’s third special device for containing the descendants of slaves in the Northern industrial metropolis is the ghetto, corresponding to the conjoint urbanization and proletarianization of African-Americans from the Great Migration of 1914–30 to the 1960s, when it was ren- dered partially obsolete by the concurrent transformation of economy and state and by the mounting protest of blacks against continued caste exclusion, climaxing with the explosive urban riots chronicled in the Kerner Commission Report.1 The fourth, I contend here, is the novel institutional complex formed by the remnants of the dark ghetto and the carceral apparatus with which it has become joined by a linked relationship of structural symbiosis and functional surrogacy. This suggests that slavery and mass imprisonment are genealogically linked and that one cannot understand the latter—its new left review 13 jan feb 2002 41 timing, composition, and smooth onset as well as the quiet ignorance or acceptance of its deleterious effects on those it affects—without return- ing to the former as historic starting point and functional analogue. -
Imprisonment and the Separation of Judicial Power: a Defence of a Categorical Immunity from Non-Criminal Detention
IMPRISONMENT AND THE SEPARATION OF JUDICIAL POWER: A DEFENCE OF A CATEGORICAL IMMUNITY FROM NON-CRIMINAL DETENTION J EFFREY S TEVEN G ORDON* [e fundamental principle that no person may be deprived of liberty without criminal conviction has deteriorated. Despite a robust assertion of the principle by Brennan, Deane and Dawson JJ in Chu Kheng Lim v Minister for Immigration, subsequent jurisprudence has eroded it and revealed stark division amongst the Justices of the High Court. is article clarifies the contours of the disagreement and defends the proposition that, subject to a limited number of categorical exceptions, ch III of the Constitution permits the involuntary detention of a person in custody only as a consequential step in the adjudication of the criminal guilt of that person for past acts. is article proposes a methodology for creating new categories of permitted non-criminal detention and applies that methodology to test the constitutionality of the interim control orders considered in omas v Mowbray.] C ONTENTS I Introduction ............................................................................................................... 42 II Legislative Power, Judicial Power and Imprisonment .......................................... 46 A From Which Section Does the So-Called ‘Constitutional Immunity’ from Executive Detention Originate? ........................................................ 51 1 Does the Legislative Power of the Commonwealth Conferred by Section 51 Extend to Authorising Imprisonment Generally? ............................................................... 52 2 Does Chapter III Have Any Operation When Parliament Enacts a Law Authorising Imprisonment? ................................... 55 * BSc (Adv) (Hons), LLB (Hons) (Syd), LLM (Columbia). Sincerest thanks to Peter Gerangelos for reading a dra, for generous advice, and for sparking my interest during his fascinating course on Advanced Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney. -
Overview of Prison Privatization in Arizona
Prison Privatization in Arizona A briefing paper prepared by the American Friends Service Committee, Arizona Area Program American Friends Service Committee, Arizona Area 103 N. Park Ave., Ste. 111 Tucson, AZ 85719 (520)623-9141 (520)623-5901 fax [email protected] October 2010 Introduction The American Friends Service Committee (AFSC) is a Quaker organization that works for peace and justice worldwide. Our work is based on a commitment to nonviolence and the belief that all people have value and deserve to be treated with dignity and respect. The AFSC‟s programs promote social justice by focusing on a diverse set of social concerns. The organization‟s criminal justice work has always focused on the need for an effective and humane criminal justice system that emphasizes rehabilitation over punishment. Here in Arizona, our criminal justice program advocates for a reduction in the state‟s prison population through rational sentencing reform and a moratorium on new prison construction. A key focus of that effort is our work to educate the public on the risks inherent in prison privatization through for-profit prison corporations. This document is an attempt to paint a picture of the current efforts at privatization of prisons in the state of Arizona and raise questions about the potential pitfalls of this practice. Arizona Overview Arizona‟s experiment with for-profit incarceration began in the early 90‟s when the state faced the first of many prison overcrowding crises. Arizona‟s first privately operated prison was the Marana Community Correctional Treatment Facility, a minimum-security prison for people with substance abuse issues.