Sustainability Analysis of the Lao Farming System
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I. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background: 1.2 Flood Policy 1.2.1 Administrative Framework. 1.2.2 Government Policy
I. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background: Lao PDR is a landlocked country, which located in the Southeast Asia. The Country covers an area of 236,800 square km2 and has bordered with China, Myanmar, Thailand Vietnam and Cambodia. Lao PDR is also lying along middle part of the Mekong, which is the 12th longest river in the world. It flows through Lao territory almost 1,860 km. Climate is governed by Southeast monsoon in the period of May to the end of October. Some years Laos is affected from Typhoon, which is formed in the Pacific Ocean and move through South China Sea to the middle of Vietnam and hit to Luang Mountain and then move to the North of Lao. Lao PDR territory approximately 70% comprises of mountains and plateaus. 35% of water flow contributes of the whole Lower Mekong Basin runoff. Flood in Lao PDR is occurred year by year and depends on the natural phenomena. Usually, in late of May to the end of October, the Southwest monsoon comes from India through Myanmar to the Northern Lao and resulted long lasting and heavy rain. Other way is affect from Typhoon, which comes from Pacific Ocean through South China Sea to the middle part of Vietnam and Laos, this resulted also long lasting and heavy rain. Now the flood cycle is very short and effected to large area of the territory of Laos. Therefore, we should be found the reason to protect the flood in Laos. 1.2 Flood Policy 1.2.1 Administrative framework. The flood management and mitigation in Lao PDR at the time being is under the supervision of the Prime Minister’s Office, which comprises of different line Ministry and agency concerned such as: Ministry of Labor and Social welfare, Ministry of Agriculture and forestry, Ministry of Industry and Handicraft, and Ministry of Communication Transport Post and Construction. -
Page 1 of 57 LAO PEOPLE's DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC Peace
Page 1 of 57 LAO PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC Peace Independence Democracy Unity Prosperity Prime Minister’s Office No. 301/PM Vientiane Capital, dated 12/10/2005 Decree of the Prime Minister Regarding the Implementation of The Law on Promotion of Foreign Investment - - Pursuant to the Law on the Government of the Lao PDR No. 02/NA, dated 6 May 2003; - Pursuant to the Law on Foreign Investment Promotion No. 1 1/NA, dated 22 October 2004; - Referencing the proposal of the Chairman of the Committee for Planning and Investment. Section I General Provisions Article 1. Objective This Decree is stipulated to implement the Law on Promotion of Foreign Investment in conformity with the purposes of the law in a uniform manner throughout the country on the principles, methods and measures regarding the promotion, protection, inspection, resolution of disputes, application of award policies toward good performers and imposition of measures against violators. Article 2. Legal Guarantees The State provides legal guarantees to foreign investors who are established under the Law on Promotion of Foreign Investment as follows: 2.1 administer law and regulations on the basis of equality and mutual interests; 2.2 undertake all of the State’s obligations under the laws, the international treaties in which the State is a party, agreements regarding the promotion and protection of foreign investment and the agreements that the government has signed with foreign investors; 2.3 do not interfere with the legal business operations of foreign investors. Page 2 of 57 Article 3. Capital Contribution That Is Intellectual Property The State recognizes enterprise capital contribution in the form of intellectual property. -
[Draft Implementing Decree for New FIL]
Authentic in Lao Only LAO PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC Peace Independence Democracy Unity Prosperity Prime Minister’s office No. 301/PM Vientiane Capital, dated 12 October 2005 Decree of the Prime Minister Regarding the Implementation of The Law on the Promotion of Foreign Investment - Pursuant to the Law on the Government of the Lao PDR No. 02/NA, dated 6 May 2003; - Pursuant to the Law on the Promotion of Foreign Investment No. 11/NA, dated 22 October 2004; - Referencing to the proposal of the President of the Committee for Planning and Investment. SECTION I General Provisions Article 1. Objective This Decree is set out to implement the Law on the Promotion of Foreign Investment correctly to the objectives and uniformly throughout the country on the principles, methods and measures regarding the promotion, protection, inspection, resolution of disputes, policies towards productive persons and measures against the violators. Article 2. Legal Guarantees The State provides legal guarantees to foreign investors who are established under the Law on the Promotion of Foreign Investment as follows: 2.1 administer by Law and regulation on the basis of equality and mutual interests; 2.2 undertake all of the State’s obligations under the laws, international treaties in which the State is a party, the Agreement Regarding the Page 1 of 61 Promotion and Protection of Foreign Investment and the agreements that the government has signed with the foreign investor; 2.3 do not interfere with the legally business operation of foreign investors. Article 3. Capital Contribution which is an Intellectual Property The State recognizes the shared capital contribution of the enterprises which is an intellectual property; the evaluation of the intellectual property value shall be determined in detail by the scope of rights, obligations and interest in the resolution of a shareholders’ meeting and the business joint venture agreement of the enterprise. -
Literacy and Numeracy in Lao PDR Survey: Analytical Report Published February 2019 © Aide Et Action International Southeast Asia & China, 2019
A publication by Aide et Action International Southeast Asia & China Literacy & Numeracy in Lao DPR Survey Analytic al Report February 2019 This publication was prepared and published by Aide et Action International – Southeast Asia & China, led by Ms. Jennifer Evans and Dr. Richard Noonan of Aide et Action International – Laos. Title: Literacy and Numeracy in Lao PDR Survey: Analytical Report Published February 2019 © Aide et Action International Southeast Asia & China, 2019. All Rights Reserved. Aide et Action International – Southeast Asia & China 5th Floor, #322, Street 182 Sangkat Tek La-ork, Khan Toulkork Phnom Penh, Cambodia Aide et Action International – Laos Unit 39, Hom/Street 15, Phonphanao Village, Xaysettha district, Vientiane capital, Laos PDR Aide et Action is an international non-profit with headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland, working in 19 countries supporting the development of sustainable education projects. Aide et Action was born in 1981 and has been working in Southeast Asia since 2003, first in Cambodia and later on in Vietnam, Laos, China and Myanmar. Since 2008, Aide et Action also has a fundraising office in Hong Kong. The teams in these Asian countries work closely together and have formed Aide et Action Southeast Asia & China, with a regional office in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. I TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents .................................................................................................................................................. I List of Tables ........................................................................................................................................................ -
Sustainability Analysis of the Lao Farming System
A Dissertation Submitted for the Degree of Ph.D. in Economics AY2015 Sustainability Analysis of the Lao Farming System Thanongsai SOUKKHAMTHAT 1 Summary The rapid economic growth in Laos over the last two decades has been driven by the extremely utilization of natural resources and commercial production. Through this production system, subsistent and smallholder agricultural farms are gradually being replaced by large-scale plantations dominated with a few commercial crops. The capacity of these commercialized agricultural plantations for poverty reduction is increasingly weighed against its long-term impacts on sustainability of land and natural resources. In this perspective, the objective of dissertation is to analyze the sustainability of the Lao farming system with regard to three aspects: environmental, socioeconomic, and technological. Regarding to the environmental aspect, this study looks at the economic valuation of land uses with the potential incentives of the Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD+) mechanism can contribute towards poverty alleviation. The results demonstrate that commercial agriculture (maize and rubber plantations) does have the potential to support poverty alleviation in the short-run. It, however, exposes the land to serious environmental risks. By comparison, the traditional land uses studied (upland rice farming and non-timber forest products collecting) are largely subsistent activities that are still considered as sustainable, though this is increasingly affected by changing market and population dynamics. The results suggest that longer-term environmental costs can potentially cancel out short-term gains from the commercialization to mono-crop agriculture. Incentives for conserving ecosystem services, such as REDD+, may have a potential role in supporting diversification of traditional livelihoods and increasing the competitiveness of maintaining forests. -
List of Districts of Laos
SNo District Province Chanthabuly District 1 Vientiane Capital (Vientiane City) Sikhottabong District 2 Vientiane Capital (Vientiane City) Xaysetha District 3 Vientiane Capital (Vientiane City) Sisattanak District 4 Vientiane Capital (Vientiane City) 5 Naxaithong District Vientiane Capital 6 Xaythany District Vientiane Capital Hadxayfong District 7 Vientiane Capital (Vientiane City) 8 Sangthong District Vientiane Capital 9 Mayparkngum District Vientiane Capital 10 Phongsaly District Phongsaly Province 11 May District Phongsaly Province 12 Khoua District Phongsaly Province 13 Samphanh District Phongsaly Province 14 Boun Neua District Phongsaly Province 15 Yot Ou District Phongsaly Province 16 Boun Tay District Phongsaly Province 17 Namtha District Luang Namtha Province 18 Sing District Luang Namtha Province 19 Long District Luang Namtha Province 20 Viengphoukha District Luang Namtha Province 21 Na Le District Luang Namtha Province 22 Xay District Oudomxay Province 23 La District Oudomxay Province 24 Na Mo District Oudomxay Province 25 Nga District Oudomxay Province 26 Beng District Oudomxay Province 27 Houne District Oudomxay Province 28 Pak Beng District Oudomxay Province 29 Houay Xay District Bokeo Province 30 Ton Pheung District Bokeo Province 31 Meung District Bokeo Province 32 Pha Oudom District Bokeo Province 33 Pak Tha District Bokeo Province 34 Nam Nhou Special District Bokeo Province 35 Luang Prabang District Luang Prabang Province 36 Xiengngeun District Luang Prabang Province 37 Nane District Luang Prabang Province 38 Pak Ou District