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The State of Black Omaha: 1984

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The State of Black Omaha: 1984 University of Nebraska at Omaha DigitalCommons@UNO Publications Archives, 1963-2000 Center for Public Affairs Research 1984 The tS ate of Black Omaha: 1984 Center for Public Affairs Research (CPAR) University of Nebraska at Omaha Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/cparpubarchives Part of the Demography, Population, and Ecology Commons, and the Public Affairs Commons Recommended Citation (CPAR), Center for Public Affairs Research, "The tS ate of Black Omaha: 1984" (1984). Publications Archives, 1963-2000. 229. https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/cparpubarchives/229 This Report is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Public Affairs Research at DigitalCommons@UNO. It has been accepted for inclusion in Publications Archives, 1963-2000 by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UNO. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STATE OF BLACK OMAHA, 1984 ~ 'l @ U/lBAN LlA6Uf of NfB/lAJK.A Jnc. Research and Preparation of Manuscript by Center for Applied Urban Research University of Nebraska at Omaha The University of Nebraska-An Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Educational Institution TABLE OF CONTENTS Page List of Tables .............................................. iii List of Maps • . .vi Foreword .................................................. vii Acknowledgements • . .. • xiii Executive Summary . .. xiv Introduction. ................... ............................ 1 I. Population Characteristics. • 2 Numbers and Growth •••.•. • 2 Distribution ........... • 4 Demographic Characteristics. .7 Economic Conditions ........ .12 II • Employment. .............................. ............. 18 III. Education ............. .24 Introduction ....... .24 Omaha Public School System. .25 University of Nebraska at Omaha. .34 Creighton University ........... .39 College of St. Mary .•.•...•..••• .43 University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC) • 4 3 Metropolitan Technical Community College. .43 Other Educational Institutions ••.....••••.•. .45 IV. Housing . ................... .48 Housing Costs and Income. .49 Housing Stock ........... .52 v. Economic Development ................................... SS VI. Health ... ............ .......... .58 Life Expectancy and the Leading Causes of Death. .58 Infant Mortality ... ............... .58 Low Birth Weight and Prenatal Care. .59 Teenage Pregnancy ................. .59 Residents' Ratings of Their Health. • 61 Payment for Medical Services ...... .61 VII. Political Participation .................. • 6 5 Political Distribution of Omaha Blacks. .65 Political Participation •...•.•.•• .67 Partisanship of Omaha Blacks ..... .69 Political Offices Held by Blacks in Omaha. • 7 0 i TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Page VIII. Administration of Justice. • 7 3 Introduction. .73 Arrest Rates. • 7 3 Corrections. .77 Sentencing. • 7 9 The Police. .79 IX. Conclusion* ............................................ 82 x. Recommendations*. .85 Employment ... • 8 5 Education . ... .86 Special Education. • 8 7 Multi-Cultural Education. .87 Post-Secondary Education. .88 Health ........•.. .89 Administration of Justice. • 9 0 Political Participation ... .90 FOOTNOTES • •••••••••••...••••••...•...••••••••••••••••.•••••.• 9 2 APPENDIX ........ .95 Table A. .96 Map A. .99 Map B. .100 Local Programs for Pregnant Teenagers. .101 *Prepared by the Urban League. ii LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1 HISTORICAL TREND IN BLACK POPULATION, 1920-1980 ...•••.•• 3 2 DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS ............................ ll 3 ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS ••.•••..•••••••.•...••••..••••• 13 4 PLACE OF WORK OF RESIDENTS IN OMAHA CENSUS TRACTS WHERE BLACKS REPRESENT 20 PERCENT OR MORE OF THE POPULATION •••.••••.•..••••.•...•••••••••.••..•..•..••.• 19 5 MEANS OF TRANSPORTATION TO WORK OF RESIDENTS IN OMAHA CENSUS TRACTS WHERE BLACKS REPRESENT 20 PERCENT OR MORE OF THE POPULATION,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,l9 6 TRAVEL TIME TO WORK OF RESIDENTS IN OMAHA CENSUS TRACTS WHERE BLACKS REPRESENT 20 PERCENT OR MORE OF THE POPULATION • .•••••.......••••••.•••.•••.•..••••. • 19 6A LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION RATE PROJECTIONS BY AGE AND RACE FOR OMAHA SMSA (1985),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,19 7 EMPLOYMENT STATUS OF BLACKS AND WHITES IN OMAHA SMSA • •••••.••.••••••••••••••••••••••.••.•••.•• 21 8 OCCUPATION BY RACE/ETHNICITY AND SEX (1980).,,.,,,,,,,,22 9 OMAHA PUBLIC SCHOOLS STUDENT ENROLLMENT 1981-1983 .•••.• 26 10 OMAHA PUBLIC SCHOOLS STAFF STATISTICS 1980-81 .....••.•• 27 11 OMAHA PUBLIC SCHOOLS STAFF STATISTICS 1982-83 .. ,,,,,,,,27 llA OMAHA PUBLIC SCHOOLS EXPULSIONS BY RACE 1981-1983 ••.••• 30 12 OMAHA PUBLIC SCHOOLS SPECIAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS STUDENT ENROLLMENT 1982-83.,.,, .. ,, .. ,,.,,., .... ,.,,.,, 30 13 OMAHA PUBLIC SCHOOL GRADUATES BY RACE 1981-1983 ••••••.• 30 14 OMAHA PUBLIC SCHOOLS DROPOUTS BY RACE 1980-1983 .••..... 32 15 OMAHA PUBLIC SCHOOLS EMPLOYMENT STATUS OF GRADUATES BY RACE • ••••••••••••••••••..•••••.••..••••••• 3 2 16 UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA AT OMAHA STUDENT ENROLLMENT 1 9 81-19 8 3 ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 3 5 iii LIST OF TABLES (Continued) Table Page 17 UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA AT OMAHA DEGREES CONFERRED BY COLLEGE AND RACE 1980-81 •••••..••••••••....•.••••••. 36 18 UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA AT OMAHA DEGREES CONFERRED BY COLLEGE AND RACE 1981-82 •••...•..•..•••••••••••....• 37 19 UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA AT OMAHA DEGREES CONFERRED BY COLLEGE AND RACE 1982-83 ••.•..•.•••••••......•••.••. 38 20 UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA AT OMAHA FACULTY BY RANK AND TENURE FALL 1983 •..•.•.•••.••.•...••..••••••......• 40 21 OTHER FULL-TIME STAFF, UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA AT OMAHA FALL 1981 AND FALL 1983 •...••••••.•••••••.•••.••• 40 22 CREIGHTON UNIVERSITY STUDENT ENROLLMENT BY COLLEGE AND RACE 1981-1983 •...•..•••••••.••.•...•....•• 41 23 CREIGHTON UNIVERSITY DEGREES GRANTED BY COLLEGE AND RACE, 1981-1983 .................................... 42 24 CREIGHTON UNIVERSITY FACULTY AND PROFESSIONAL STAFF .•••.•..••••••.•.•..........•••••••.•••••.•..•.••. 44 25 METROPOLITAN TECHNICAL COMMUNITY COLLEGE STUDENT ENROLLMENT 19 8 0-19 8 3 •••••....•••.•.•••••..•••.• 4 6 26 METROPOLITAN TECHNICAL COMMUNITY COLLEGE GRUADUATES BY RACE 1980-1983 •.•••....•.•...•••••.••••••.•••.•••••• 46 27 METROPOLITAN TECHNICAL COMMUNITY COLLEGE FACULTY AND STAFF • .......••.•...•••.•.•.....••.•..•••.••....•.. 4 7 28 PERCENT OF HEADS OF HOUSEHOLDS WHO OWNED HOMES IN OMAHA SMSA • •••••••••••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••.••• 50 29 A COMPARISON OF 1970 AND 1980 MEDIAN HOUSING VALUE FOR BLACK AND WHITE HOMEOWNERS IN OMAHA SMSA •.•..•.•••• 50 30 PERCENT OF INCOME SPENT FOR OWNED HOUSING BY HOUSEHOLDS HEADED BY BLACKS AND WHITES IN OMAHA SMSA 1979 ..••••...••.•..••••..•••••.•..•••••.•••...•... 50 31 PERCENT OF INCOME SPENT FOR RENTAL HOUSING BY HOUSEHOLDS HEADED BY BLACKS AND WHITES IN OMAHA SMSA 19 7 9 ...............•.........................•.... 51 iv LIST OF TABLES (Continued) Table Page 32 COMPARISON OF 1970 AND 1980 CENSUS DATA ON HOUSING AGE BY BLACK AND NON-BLACK HOUSEHOLD HEADS (OWNER OCCUPANTS) IN OMAHA SMSA • ••••••••••••••• -••••••••••••••• 51 32A CHANGE IN HOUSING UNITS 1970-1980, U.S. CENSUS TRACTS WHERE BLACKS WERE 5% OR MORE OF THE TOTAL POPULATION •...••....•••.•••••••••••.•.....•••.•.. 53 33 OCCUPANT OPINION OF OVERALL CONDITION OF OMAHA OCCUPIED STRUCTURES IN OMAHA SMSA .•••..••.••.•.••..•••. 54 34 OCCUPANT OPINION OF OVERALL CONDITION OF RENTAL STRUCTURES IN OMAHA SMSA • •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 54 35 MINORITY OWNED BUSINESSES IN THE OMAHA SMSA .••••.•....• 56 36 LEADING CAUSES OF DEATH BY RACE IN DOUGLAS COUNTY NUMBER AND RATE (PER 1,000) 1982 •...••••...•.•..••..••• 60 37 INFANT MORTALITY BY RACE AND AGE IN DOUGLAS COUNTY IN 1982 ................................................ 60 38 NUMBER OF PRENATAL VISITS BY RACE IN DOUGLAS COUNTY 1977 . ...............................•................. 62 39 MOTHERS' AGE AND RACE IN DOUGLAS COUNTY IN 1982 •..••••. 62 40 ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS .•••••..•.•..•.••.......•..•..• 63 41 DISTRIBUTION OF BLACKS IN OMAHA AREA LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS •...••••.....•...•••..•••..••.••••••••••.••.•• 66 42 DISTRIBUTION OF BLACKS IN OMAHA CITY COUNCIL DISTRICTS •••.••..•......••.••••...•••••.•••..••••...... 66 43 BLACK VOTER TURNOUT IN RECENT ELECTIONS IN OMAHA •..•.•. 68 44 ARRESTS IN NEBRASKA BY RACE 1982 •••..•••....•...•.•••.. 75 45 ARREST RATES FOR BLACKS AND WHITES IN THE UNITED STATES AND NEBRASKA • •••••••••••.••••••.•••••••••••••••• 7 6 46 VICTIMIZATION RATES PER PERSON BY TYPE OF CRIME AND RACE OF VICTIMS •••..•..•••••..••••••.•••••.•••••••• 78 47 RACE OF PERSONS IN NEBRASKA DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS FACILITIES ..•......••.••••••..•••....•.••.• 78 APPENDIX A BLACK POPULATION CHANGE, 1970-1980 AND 1980-1983 •••.••. 96 v LIST OF MAPS Map Page l Black Population as a Percent of Total Population, 1980, Douglas County by Census Tract ••.•.••••••••••••..• s 2 Blacks as a Percent of the Total Population by Census Designated Neighborhoods .......•................. 6 3A Percentage Change in Black Population, Douglas County 1970 to 1980 - Black Population Gain by census Tract ...... ...................................... 8 3B Percentage Change in Black Population Douglas county, 1970 to 1980 - Black Population Loss by Census Tract ••.•••••••••••• , •••.••••..•••••••.•••••••••• 9 4 Natural Change in Black Population, 1980 to 1983, Douglas County by Census Tract ....•.................... lO 5 Median Household Income 1979, Douglas County by Census Tract ........................................... 14 6 Median Family Income 1979, Douglas County by Census Tract ..........................................
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