Ref. Ares(2019)7256156 - 25/11/2019
European Construction Sector Observatory
Policy fact sheet
Romania National Programme for Buildings of Public or Social Interest (PNCIPS)
Thematic objective 1 September 2019
1 Policy fact sheet Programme for Buildings of Public or Social Interest
In a nutshell
Implementing Ministry of Regional accession instruments through which the EU body Development and Public provides financial assistance to Central and Eastern Administration (Ministerul European candidate countries. Dezvoltarii Regionale si One of the development programmes that the Administratiei Publice – Romanian government was able to launch with the MDRAP) through the help of PHARE funding was the National Programme National Investment for Buildings of Public or Social Interest Company (Compania (Programului Național de Construcții de Interes Nationala de Investitii - CNI). Public sau Social, PNCIPS). Launched in 2002 by the Key features & National programme to Ministry of Regional Development and Public objectives promote and support the Administration (Ministerul Dezvoltarii Regionale si construction, rehabilitation Administratiei Publice – MDRAP), it aimed to: and upgrading of buildings of public or social interest at Improve local infrastructure in urban areas to local level. attract private investment, rehabilitate the Implementation 2001 – CNI established; urban environment and improve quality of life date 2002 – present for communities, especially in more (implementation ongoing). disadvantaged areas; Rehabilitate historical, cultural and social Targeted Owners of buildings of public heritage buildings and spaces to create an beneficiaries and social interest (e.g. attractive environment for communities, public authorities, public businesses and tourists. institutions, private entities and persons), as well as Over the years, PNCIPS has supported the citizens that make use of implementation of over 2,000 projects that have those buildings. helped to modernise public infrastructure, as well Targeted sub- Institutional and as constructing or rehabilitating large numbers of sectors commercial, residential, civil cultural and social buildings and environments in engineering and roads. local communities across the country. Budget (EUR) Approx. 106 million (RON Today, PNCIPS remains an ongoing support 500 million) annually since measure. It is currently implementing over 300 2016. investment projects amounting to over EUR 312 Good practice million by 2020. The majority of the ongoing projects are focused on constructing, rehabilitating Transferability or updating buildings of cultural significance or for sporting use. Programme objectives for 2019-2020 Romania’s transition from a socialist economy to a are also ambitious, particularly in preparation for more market-driven economy began in the 1990s. major sporting events such as Euro 2020, the Economic reform was however slower than European football championship. Significant work expected throughout that decade and the country on a range of hospital and academic facilities is also experienced a difficult period of economic decline. planned. The economy began to recover in 2000, boosted by Romania’s accession negotiations with the EU (prior PNCIPS has been broadly successful to date. It to accession in 2007). As part of the accession has supported the delivery of long-term negotiation process, the Romanian government was investment projects that are providing able to access EU financial support through the significant value to local communities. PHARE Programme, which is one of three pre-
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Policy fact sheet Programme for Buildings of Public or Social Interest
However, there are aspects of the programme that procurement process, the appropriateness of are in need of reform. The procurement process, for funding awarded to projects and how that funding example, would benefit from greater transparency is used. in order to give the public confidence in the
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Policy fact sheet Programme for Buildings of Public or Social Interest
1. General description
The National Programme for Buildings of Public or Swimming pools, also including polo pools and Social Interest (PNCIPS) is being implemented by the teaching-school basins, as well as the finalisation National Investment Company (Compania of ongoing infrastructure work with the purpose Nationala de Investitii - CNI), which was set up by of allowing the development of this discipline at the Ministry of Regional Development and Public national level; Administration through the Government Ordinance Sport complexes, including support to aid the Nr. 25/2001. The CNI is a legal entity that functions completion of structures under construction, in as a joint stock company1. According to Article 6 of order to provide the necessary infrastructure for the Ordinance2, the main objectives of the CNI are the organisation of large-scale sporting events to: and competitions. For instance, the Implement the National Programme for development of the necessary infrastructure for buildings of public or social interest; the football Euro 2020 falls under this sub- programme; Identify financial resources to support the National Programme for buildings of public or Cultural establishments, the purpose of which is social interest; to improve the quality of cultural life in small urban environments by expanding and Develop proposals for sub-programmes of the supporting the transformation of existing National Programme for buildings of public or cultural infrastructures into community centres social interest for the Ministry of Regional and by diversifying the cultural offer; Development and Public Administration; Public higher education institutions, with priority Coordinate marketing, advertising, publishing given to building rehabilitation or upgrading; and printing activities in this field of activity; Artificial skating rinks for use in national and Acquire, develop or sell technology in this field of international competitions, as well as for activity; pedagogic, school and recreational purposes; Create or sell projects in this field of activity; Urban sanitary units, with the aim of Provide specific services to investors that finance modernising and rehabilitating existing health the National Programme for Buildings of Public units in urban areas, and improving hospital or Social Interest. conditions; The programme is regulated in Annex 3 of the Cinema halls, with priority given to building Ordinance Nr. 25/20013. Any type of construction rehabilitation or upgrading, especially in cities that is designed to meet the material and socio- where leisure opportunities are limited; cultural needs of local communities is considered to Emergency works, such as the rehabilitation of be of public or social interest. Following a legal the road infrastructure or the strengthening of reform in 2014, the sub-programmes4 of the buildings to prevent and mitigate the effects of National Programme were increased to include natural disasters (e.g.: earthquakes, floods, support for the construction or rehabilitation of a landslides, etc.); wider range of buildings or infrastructure projects: Residential buildings in disadvantaged areas, Sports halls, with priority given to the with priority given to the rehabilitation of construction of new sports halls near buildings that are suffering from severe educational institutions – e.g.: gyms with a structural degradation and/or have serious capacity of 100 seats or sport halls with a deficiencies in their isolation systems; capacity of 180 seats;
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Policy fact sheet Programme for Buildings of Public or Social Interest
Other objectives approved by the Ministry of completion, the CNI returns the construction site Regional Development and Public with the investment objectives achieved in Administration (e.g. improving the infrastructure compliance with the legal provisions in force. The of court offices, construction of buildings for the beneficiaries are obliged to maintain the building for care of disabled and elderly people, a minimum period of 15 years10. rehabilitation of monuments, etc.); Funding for the implementation of PNCIPS is Integrated systems for the rehabilitation of sourced from different channels. Those can be the water supply and sewerage systems, drinking state budget, the budgets of the local public and waste water treatment plants in localities authorities, reimbursable funds guaranteed under 5 with a population of up to 50,000 residents . the Government Emergency Ordinance Nr. The main objective of all projects is to provide 64/200711, beneficiaries’ own revenues, donations added value to local communities, not only in and sponsorships, as well as any other legal terms of real investments in regional sources12. Figure 1 provides an overview of the development, but also by improving the living annual budget allocation over the last 15 years. standards of all Romanians. Figure 1: Annual budget allocation, 2003-2017 The main beneficiaries of PNCIPS are national and (RON) local public authorities. Other beneficiaries are public institutions and institutions of public interest, as well as legal entities, recognised as being of public utility under the law and other entities operating under special laws, including natural and legal persons in the case of the Emergency works sub-programme6. The following categories of services and works can be financed7: Design Extension New construction Modernisation Rehabilitation Endowment Source: CNI13 Consolidation Technical / energy Table 1 provides more details on the annual budget Completion of ongoing structural work allocation in recent years. The 30% increase in the The award procedure has two main stages. The first budget between 2015 and 2016 is due to the stage requires applicants to submit a completed expanded number of sub-programmes, following application form8, which includes contact details, a the legal reform introduced in the previous year. description of the objectives of the investment, Since 2016, the annual budget has remained more photographs of the area where the works are to be or less at the same level, ranging between EUR 105 carried out, and a copy of the entry in the Property (RON 500 million) and EUR 107 million (RON 510 Register (Extras de Carte Funciară). The CNI then million). A similar budget is set for 2019 and 2020; carries out an initial assessment. If approval is however, there is also a commitment to increase granted, the second stage of the procedure then those budgets to EUR 202 million (RON 960 million) requires applicants to submit further in 2019 and EUR 190 million (RON 900 million) in documentation for assessment related to the 2020, depending on demand and the availability of specific sub-programme. Information on the state funds14. different documents can be found in the Guide for Applicants9. Table 1: Annual budget since 2015 (RON & EUR) Once a second stage proposal is approved, the Annual Budget RON EUR beneficiaries are required to hand over the 2015 390,750,000 82,337,000 construction site to the CNI for the period that the 2016 506,725,000 106,775,000 approved work is being carried out. Upon work 2017 500,000,000 105,358,000
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Policy fact sheet Programme for Buildings of Public or Social Interest
2018 502,425,000 105,869,000 2019 502,425,000 105,869,000 2020 502,425,000 105,869,000
Source: MDRAP15
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Policy fact sheet Programme for Buildings of Public or Social Interest
2. Achieved or expected results
Since its launch in 2002, over 2,000 projects have Although there appears to be a significant been completed with the support of PNCIPS. difference in budget and project implementation figures over the years, they do broadly follow a Figure 2 shows the number of projects implemented similar pattern of peaks and troughs. Project annually. The data shows that implementation implementation figures are commensurate with activity has been up and down from one year to those annual budgets, meaning that larger numbers another over the last 15 years. Four separate years of lower value projects were implemented prior to (2004, 2007, 2009 and 2016) stand out as years of EU accession, and lower numbers of higher value peak implementation activity. The years either side projects were implemented post-EU accession. The of each peak year show significantly weaker levels data also provides evidence of the impact of the of implementation activity. economic downturn after 2009 followed by a period Some reasons that may explain the peak years of recovery. Since a low point in 2013, for example, include Romania’s accession to the EU in 2007 and the programme’s annual budget has significantly a 30% budget increase in 2016. Conversely, the increased and is now relatively stable at around EUR impact of the economic crisis a decade ago caused 106 million (just over RON 500 million). significant fluctuations in annual budget allocations Figure 3: Total budget (RON) and the number of between 2009 and 2015. These fluctuations coupled projects implemented (2003-2017) with the general economic climate are likely to have dampened implementation activity. Figure 2: Number of projects implemented (2002- 2018)
Source: CNI website17 PNCIPS has supported a wide range of projects over the years. Some examples of recently completed projects include: The Cultural House in the village of Creţeni Source: CNI16 (Vâlcea County) was rehabilitated and Figure 3 shows a comparison between the annual modernised at a cost of about EUR 100,000 (RON budget and the number of projects implemented. 469,694.64)18; The data shows that prior to EU accession, that The quality of the socio-cultural activity of the annual budgets were typically lower than the communes was also improved thanks to the number of projects implemented, whereas the rehabilitation and modernisation of seven reverse has been true since EU accession. cultural establishments in Ciugheş (Bacău County), Comişani (Dâmboviţa County), Sîrbi
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Policy fact sheet Programme for Buildings of Public or Social Interest
(Maramureş County), Cărpiniş (Maramureş Swimming pools projects such as the Olympic County), Milişăuţi (Suceava County), Izvorul Rece Complex of Natație de la Otopeni (Ilfov County), and Rotărăşti (Vâlcea County). The total cost of two Olympic swimming pools in Brăila and the the work amounted to about EUR 1.8 million Clubul Sportiv Rapid in Bucharest, and a polo (RON 8.516.000)19; basin in Arad; A 180-seater sports hall was constructed in Târgu Public higher education institutions such as work Frumos (Iaşi County) at a cost of about EUR 1.05 to strengthen and extend the Faculty of General million (RON 5 million)20. Medicine Building in Bucharest; Currently, the CNI is implementing 302 investments A cinema hall in Brad (Hunedoara County); worth over EUR 312 million to be delivered to the Emergency works, including the rehabilitation of beneficiaries by 202021, as shown in Table 2. Almost the Sf. Apotol Andrei County Emergency Clinical 70 % of these ongoing projects fall under the Hospital in Galați; Cultural Establishments (45.1 %) and Sports A residential block in a disadvantaged area in Facilities sub-programmes (24.7 %). However, there Baia - Mare (Maramureş County); are no ongoing projects dedicated to artificial Water supply and water treatment projects skating rinks22. worth up to EUR 50 million are being implemented in the counties of Bihor, Călăraşi, Table 2: Ongoing projects Dâmboviţa, Gorj, Harghita, Prahova, Vaslui and Sub-programmes N° projects Vrancea; Sports halls 74 Examples of other projects include: the construction of a clinical space for oncological Swimming pools 10 recovery; an agro-food hall; a social centre for Sports complexes 7 recovery and care in Putna (Suceava County); the Cultural establishments 135 restoration and modernisation of the Episcopal Public higher education institutions 3 Palace in Centrul Eparhial Roman (Neamț Urban sanitary units 5 County); and the construction of the Mitropolit Cinema halls 1 Iacob Putneanul Cultural Centre (Suceava Emergency works 27 County). Residential buildings in 1 In addition, the Romanian government has begun to disadvantaged areas take steps to rehabilitate the historical Constanța Justice infrastructure 10 Casino with the support of the National Programme. Integrated water and sewage 11 This work is in response to the Constanța Casino systems being listed in 2018 by Europa Nostra and the Other 18 European Investment Bank (EIB) as one of the 7 TOTAL 302 most endangered heritage sites in Europe24. Source: CNI23 Looking forward, some of the future short-term Some examples of ongoing projects include: objectives for 2019 and 2020 include the construction of 400 Euro 2020 football fields, 5 Sports hall projects such as the 5,000-seater hall polyvalent sport halls, 30 student residences in in Oradea (Bihor County), the Dinamo Club Hall 15 different universities, an Emergency Clinical in Bucharest, the sports hall at the Petrosani Hospital in Bucharest, and the modernisation of School Sports Club (Hunedoara County), and the the Romanian Academy and the University of 3,000-seater multifunctional sports hall in Bucharest (Panduri Complex)25. Slatina (Olt County);
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Policy fact sheet Programme for Buildings of Public or Social Interest
3. Perspectives and lessons learned
The experience from PNCIPS highlights a number of Projects supported by PNCIPS have been well important programme perspectives and lessons received by the beneficiaries. For instance, the learned that place sustainability at the heart of manager of the Slatina County Emergency Hospital policy making. claims that the hospital will be among the highest quality European hospitals by 2020 thanks to the The kind of projects that are supported by PNCIPS National Programme28. The Mayor of Alexandria is represent long-term investments from which large of the opinion that projects implemented under the numbers of Romanian citizens and future National Programme, especially related to sports generations will benefit. and culture, improve the quality of life, promote For instance, the Ministry of Regional Development civic coexistence, create jobs and generate and Public Administration takes the view that economic benefits not only during the projects to develop sports facilities are ‘healthy implementation of the project but also later during investments’ in the sense that they promote a the exploitation of the constructions29. Moreover, healthy way of life, providing Romanians with projects implemented by the CNI have good modern spaces in which to engage in sporting and reputation among Romanian citizens30. Indeed, the recreational activities26. main beneficiaries’ feedback is positive, according Long-term investments in cultural and social to the numerous letters received by the CNI from 31 buildings and facilities at local level are hugely local authorities . beneficial to local communities. The PNCIPS would benefit from greater They are not just physical structures. They are focal transparency in relation to public procurement points within local communities and play an and budget allocation to individual projects, as important role within those communities. They help well as the appropriateness of those allocations to bring people together, connect with each other at project level and the use of the allocations and enjoy shared experiences. They help to build or within projects. reinforce a sense of community. The national government says, for example, that one of the most This issue has recently been raised by a member of positive outcomes of the programme is that local the Romanian Chamber of Deputies. He has authorities have become increasingly more aware criticised the method of financing the investment of the benefits of developing the socio-cultural objectives ordered by MDRAP. He argues, for environment within their communities27. example, that the draft budget for the current year raises doubts about the way in which the Many of the projects supported by PNCIPS are programme’s priorities will actually be met. He says viewed as strategic long-term investments designed that without a specific breakdown of budget to provide opportunities for local people. They are allocation by project/objective in the draft budget, intended to make local environments more it is very difficult to ensure traceability. Without attractive to encourage people, and especially traceability, he argues, it would for example be young people, to stay and build a life for themselves possible to reallocate budget allocations from one in the local environment. objective to another and even to redirect them to The aim is to create local environments that are subsequent budget adjustments to pay salary conducive to new businesses and employment increases and retirement points32. opportunities, and that provide attractive Last but not least, the merits of specific PNCIPS recreational spaces and lifestyle opportunities. projects are not always clear to the local population. European Construction Sector Observatory 9
Policy fact sheet Programme for Buildings of Public or Social Interest
Doubts, for example, about the need for new Alexandria City Hall explains that the projects aim to football stadiums to serve teams that reside in the provide new facilities to benefit a range of sports lower leagues, such as in Teleorman County, caused (e.g. athletics) and are intended to encourage local populations to question whether public money additional local development and opportunities, not is being spent correctly. The strategy behind such least to give young people a reason to stay in the projects is not necessarily obvious. In the case of locality33. these new stadiums, for example, the Head of
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Policy fact sheet Programme for Buildings of Public or Social Interest
4. Conclusion and recommendations
PNCIPS has proved to be a broadly successful appropriate capacity or skills to adequately deliver measure overall. It has made significant the work they are contracted to deliver. This would investments to rehabilitate or construct appear to be a procurement issue34. buildings, facilities and spaces that deliver To improve the implementation of PNCIPS, looking important value to local communities, as well as forward, a number of recommendations are supporting the development of associated suggested: infrastructure. Greater transparency should be afforded to the The key strength of PNCIPS continues to be its broad public procurement process to provide clarity approval in Romania. The number of proposals about the project selection and award criteria, as submitted to the programme since 2001, the well as the allocation of funding; number of projects supported and delivered (over Improvements should be made to the 2,000), and the way in which these projects have construction contractor procurement process to improved the cultural and social life of Romanian ensure that all contractors used by the CNI have communities, are all evidence of the measure’s the capacity and skills required to deliver their positive impact on Romanian society. The fact that contract work; the measure is continuing to this day is further Mechanisms should be put in place to enable a evidence of its success and value. transparent assessment of funding allocation and use, both at programme and project level; PNCIPS is not however without its critics. The main The rationale behind project investments should weaknesses are related to funding levels and a lack be communicated more clearly to stakeholders, of transparency in public procurement, as well as and especially the communities they are the allocation and management of the funding intended to benefit, to avoid/address any doubts provided. that may exist; The first issue is raised by the implementing body, Consideration should be given to the use of the CNI, who argue that there is insufficient funding public consultations when planning major available to enable the programme to fully achieve investment projects, to ensure that affected its objectives. local communities are on board before The second issue is raised by different stakeholders, implementation. and most recently by a member of the Chamber of Overall, PNCIPS is considered to be a 4-star ‘good Deputies. In some cases, they question how projects practice’ measure, using a scale of 1 (low) to 5 (high) are assessed and approved for funding and how the stars. This score is based on a number of reasons. funding is used. There do not appear to be, for The programme has delivered significant long-term example, adequate mechanisms in place to investment projects over nearly 20 years, and is transparency in project selection and accountability continuing to do so. By their nature, these projects for project spend or indeed spend by programme have a broad and long-lasting impact on their local objectives. areas and communities, they are regularly used by A third weakness of PNCIPS, according to the CNI, is large numbers of people, they are focal points that that the programme sometimes experiences help to bring people together and they contribute difficulties collaborating with private construction positively to local life and opportunities. The reason contractors, in fulfilment of project objectives. The that PNCIPS is not considered a 5-star ‘good CNI says that not all contractors actually have the
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Policy fact sheet Programme for Buildings of Public or Social Interest practice’ however, is because of the issues already rehabilitation; local areas that have been deprived highlighted in this section. of long-term investments and opportunities; and a need to improve employment and recreational PNCIPS is considered to be a highly transferable opportunities in local areas, to encourage young support programme, with a score of 5 stars, to people to build their lives in those areas. This type countries and regions that are facing similar issues of programme has the potential to achieve in their domestic cultural and social built heritage significant impact if the appropriate resources are environment. Those issues include: a cultural and made available to support key investment projects. social building stock in need of conservation or
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Policy fact sheet Programme for Buildings of Public or Social Interest
Endnotes
1 CNI, Ce ne propunem: https://www.cni.ro/ce-ne-propunem 2 Arts. 6, Annex 3, Ordinance Nr. 25 of 26 July 2001 on the establishment of the National Investment Company ‘CNI’: http://legislatie.just.ro/Public/DetaliiDocument/30160 3 Annex 3, Ordinance Nr. 25 of 26 July 2001 on the establishment of the National Investment Company ‘CNI’ – SA: http://legislatie.just.ro/Public/DetaliiDocument/30160 4 National Programme for buildings of public or social interest, MDRAP website: http://www.mdrap.ro/lucrari-publice/-7952 5 CNI poate face de toate, Arena Constructiilor (August 2018): https://www.arenaconstruct.ro/cni-poate-face-de-toate/?cn-reloaded=1 6 Art. 1 k), Annex 3, Ordinance Nr. 25 of 26 July 2001 on the establishment of the National Investment Company ‘CNI’: http://legislatie.just.ro/Public/DetaliiDocument/30160 7 Art. 3, Annex 3, Ordinance Nr. 25 of 26 July 2001 on the establishment of the National Investment Company ‘CNI: Ibidem. 8 CNI, Model solicitare inscriere in program: https://www.cni.ro/proiecte/documente-utile 9 CNI, Ghidul de depunere: https://www.cni.ro/proiecte/documente-utile 10 Arts. 4, 12 and 13, Annex 3, Ordinance Nr. 25 of 26 July 2001 on the establishment of the National Investment Company ‘CNI’: http://legislatie.just.ro/Public/DetaliiDocument/30160 11 Government Emergency Ordinance Nr. 64 of 27 June 2007 on public debt: http://legislatie.just.ro/Public/DetaliiDocumentAfis/83212 12 Art. 7, Ordinance Nr. 25 of 26 July 2001 on the establishment of the National Investment Company ‘CNI’: http://legislatie.just.ro/Public/DetaliiDocument/30160 13 CNI website: https://www.cni.ro/despre-noi 14 MDRAP, Synthesis paper on medium-term policies and budgetary Programmes: http://www.cdep.ro/pdfs/buget/2017/anexa3/Ministerul%20Dezvoltarii%20Regionale,%20Administratiei%20Publice%20si%20Fondurilor%20Eur opene.pdf 15 Ibidem. 16 CNI website: https://www.cni.ro/ 17 Ibidem. 18 CNI a modernizat un nou camin cultural in judetul Vâlcea, Press statement from the MDRAP (July 2018): http://www.mdrap.ro/comunicare/presa/comunicate/cni-a-modernizat-un-nou-camin-cultural-in-judetul-valcea 19 Investiţii finalizate. Ministerul Dezvoltării, anunţ oficial, DC News (August 2018): https://www.dcnews.ro/investitii-finalizate-ministerul-dezvoltarii-anunt-oficial_607597.html 20 Sală polivalentă nouă, la Târgu Frumos, Evenimentul (September 2018): http://www.ziarulevenimentul.ro/stiri/moldova/sala-polivalenta-noua-la-targu-frumos--217436196.html 21 248 constructii de interes public sau social, aflat in implementare la CNI, Press release from the MDRAP (June 2018): http://www.mdrap.ro/comunicare/presa/comunicate/248-constructii-de-interes-public-sau-social-aflate-in-implementare-la-cni 22 Proiecte, CNI website: https://www.cni.ro/proiecte/proiecte# 23 Ibidem. 24 European experts issue report for the rehabilitation of the Constanta Casino in Romania, Europa Nostra (September 2018): http://www.europanostra.org/european-experts-issue-report-for-the-rehabilitation-of-the-constanta-casino-in-romania/ 25 CNI, Ce ne propunem, Alte proiecte: https://www.cni.ro/ce-ne-propunem 26 Vice Prime Minister Paul Stănescu, MRDPA Facebook page (August 2018): https://www.facebook.com/MinisterulDezvoltarii/photos/pcb.1664407617021576/1664399180355753/?type=3&theater 27 Ibidem. 28 Interview with Cătălin Rotea, Olt Alert (February 2018):
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http://olt-alert.ro/2018/02/19/interviu-catalin-rotea-pana-la-finalul-anului-2020-vom-avea-un-spital-european- textvideo/?fbclid=IwAR0Vy2UiwJQYCYBRpNjllVs87miU3jZbfY-IxY-Umqmz0ZobN7CFi3lE7X8 29 Cum s-ar putea duce 16 milioane de euro din bani publici in judetul lui Dragnea pentru doua stadioane pe care joaca Astra Plosca, Atletic Orbeasca, Metalul Peretu si FCM Alexandria, HotNews (March 2016): https://www.hotnews.ro/stiri-administratie_locala-20844524-cum-putea-duce-16-2-milioane-euro-din-bani-publici-judetul-lui-dragnea-pentru- doua-stadioane-care-joaca-astra-plosca-atletic-orbeasca-metalul-peretu-fcm-alexandria.htm 30 CNI Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/companianationaladeinvestitiisa/ 31 Information provided by Adina Mitran, from the CNI Strategy and Communication Department on 11th December 2018. 32 Critici la buget - Sala polivalentă, fără finanţare, Feb 2019: https://crisana.ro/stiri/politica-4/critici-la-buget-sala-polivalenta-fara-finantare-167577.html 33 Cum s-ar putea duce 16 milioane de euro din bani publici in judetul lui Dragnea pentru doua stadioane pe care joaca Astra Plosca, Atletic Orbeasca, Metalul Peretu si FCM Alexandria, HotNews (March 2016): https://www.hotnews.ro/stiri-administratie_locala-20844524-cum-putea-duce-16-2-milioane-euro-din-bani-publici-judetul-lui-dragnea-pentru- doua-stadioane-care-joaca-astra-plosca-atletic-orbeasca-metalul-peretu-fcm-alexandria.htm 34 Information provided by Adina Mitran, from the CNI Strategy and Communication Department on 11th December 2018.
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