EVERLYPEDIA (formerly The Everly Brothers Index – TEBI) Coordinated by Robin Dunn & Chrissie van Varik A complete (as far as is possible) index/encyclopaedia on every facet of Don & Phil Everly, covering their lives, careers, influences and connections – of course, from us as huge fans, with all due respect to them and their families. For more recording information, see also the various detailed discography lists on the EBI website (Everly.Net); for lyrics to songs, please refer to the Lyric List on the same website (http://www.everly.net/file/disco/disco.htm ). KEY/GLOSSARY/NOTES: • WB: Warner Brothers • EBs: The Everly Brothers • LPs, CDs etc. are generally (but not always) referred to throughout as ‘albums’. • Other than important (re)releases, only the original/initial album release is referred to. • Entries are listed under the first letter, including titles that start with a bracket, e.g. ‘(Why Am I) Chained To A Memory’, but exclude ‘The’ in which case they are listed under the second word. • Surnames or family names come first in the index. • Headings are coloured blue for song and album titles and maroon for everything else. • All words in bold type in the text are cross-references to other main entry headings – although no doubt we’ve missed a few! • Entries are generally aimed to be informative and we have attempted to keep them brief though some are lengthy due to the importance and significance in the life and career of Don and Phil. However, in some cases, due to the limitations of space and the huge volume of material available elsewhere, details have been kept to a bare minimum and relate mainly to the ‘Everly connection’ – e.g. The Beatles, The Beach Boys and Elvis Presley to name but a few. EVERLYPEDIA is an evolving ‘organic’ document that will be updated, adjusted and added to from time to time. It relies to great extent on contributions from knowledgeable folks, who we hope will provide new information. We appreciate that gaps are likely to include someone’s favourite person or topic; these will gradually be included in future issues, just as other gaps will be completed in due course when information comes to light. In some cases ‘tbc’ (to be confirmed) or ‘tba’ (to be added/advised) has been added. If anyone is able fill in gaps, do not hesitate to get in touch. Please contact us re corrections, amendments, omissions, additional information and suggested new entries at: [email protected] Credits to the many contributors to Everlypedia are listed at the end of Part 4. EVERLYPEDIA is split into four parts: Part 1 - A to D Part 2 - E to J Part 3 - K to Q Part 3 - R to Z Happy reading! Robin & Chrissie 1 A_____________________________________________ A&M RECORDS - In the Everly context, A&M was essentially a distribution company for Don Everly’s solo albums don EVERLY (1971) and SUNSET TOWERS (1974) recorded on ODE, A&M’s manufacturing partner. A&M Records was formed in 1962 by Herb Alpert and Jerry Moss - after Alpert’s and Moss’s initials. From 1966 to 1999, the company’s headquarters were on the grounds of the historic Charlie Chaplin Studio at 1416 N. La Brea Avenue, near Sunset Boulevard in Hollywood. Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, A&M was among the leading purveyors of light pop music, with acts such as Herb Alpert & the Tijuana Brass, Burt Bacharach, Carpenters, Chris Montez, Captain and Tennille, Quincy Jones, and Paul Williams; folk legends Joan Baez, Phil Ochs and Gene Clark were with the label during the 1970s. It also found success in R&B and funk thanks to piano great Billy Preston who joined the label in 1971. In the late 1960s, A&M added British artists through direct signing and licensing agreements, including Joe Cocker, Procol Harum, Fairport Convention, Free and The Move. In the 1970s, under its manufacturing and distribution agreement with Ode Records, A&M released albums by Carole King. Other notable acts included Nazareth, Styx, Supertramp, Rick Wakeman, Squeeze and Peter Frampton. A&M UK releases were initially issued by EMI’s Stateside Records label, and then under its own name by Pye Records until 1967. When A&M started their own UK label, their first two UK signings were Strawbs and Supertramp. Through a deal with Straight Ahead Productions, A&M got Tyrannosaurus Rex (later known as T.Rex), The Move and Joe Cocker, yet after two singles A&M didn’t release any more T-Rex until they became popular on Reprise years later. A&M also let Los Angeles artists Leon Russell and Captain Beefheart and his Magic Band slip through their fingers after issuing a couple of singles. In the late 1970s, A&M signed the Sex Pistols after the band had been dropped by EMI. However, A&M themselves sacked the band within a week. Within a decade of its inception, A&M became the world’s largest independent record company. A&M’s success sustained during the 1980s with noted acts that included: Falco, Janet Jackson, Atlantic Starr, The Police, Suzanne Vega, Bryan Adams, Joe Jackson and Scottish rock band Gun, who went on to win an MTV award for their cover of the Cameo song ‘Word Up’ in 1994. A&M was bought by PolyGram in 1989 for a reported $500 million. Alpert and Moss continued to manage the label until 1993, when they felt PolyGram was increasing its pressure on A&M to fit their corporate structure. The sale to PolyGram stipulated that Alpert and Moss had an integrity clause allowing them to control the label’s image through 2009. In 1998, Alpert and Moss sued PolyGram for breach of the integrity clause. In the mid-1990s, A&M began distributing its PolyGram sister label Polydor Records, an association that continues to this day. During the 1990s, the company continued to release critically and commercially acclaimed albums by Soundgarden, Extreme, Amy Grant, John Hiatt, Sting, BluesTraveler, Barry White, and Aaron Neville—as well as from new artists Sheryl Crow, Therapy?, CeCe Peniston, and the Gin Blossoms. In 1998, PolyGram was bought by Seagrams and merged into its Universal Music Group (UMG). A&M was subsequently merged into UMG’s then newly formed Interscope-Geffen-A&M label group. The A&M lot on La Brea Avenue was shut down in January 1999. Alpert and Moss sued UMG in 2000; claiming that they had violated a contractual agreement that A&M would be allowed to retain its corporate culture. The suit was settled. In addition to Sting, in the time since A&M’s restructuring, the company has continued to attain success with releases by its few retained mainstay acts, such as Chris Cornell, Sheryl Crow and Bryan Adams—as well as by newer acts like the Black Eyed Peas, Keyshia Cole, Pussycat Dolls and Duffy. In February 2007, UMG partnered with Octone Records, which has previously operated under SonyBMG. The label, headed by James Diener, would be renamed “A&M/Octone Records” and operate under A&M Records, with worldwide distribution handled by UMG. A&R STUDIOS - A&R Studios, 112 West 48th Street, New York City, NY, USA. Independent studio founded in 1959 by South African born Phil Ramone (see pic). Ramone quickly gained a reputation as a sound engineer and music producer, in particular for his use of innovative technology. Among the technical innovations he introduced were optical surround sound for movies and digital recording techniques. His studio was the first to release music commercially on compact disc (CD); Billy Joel’s 52nd Street was the first album to be released on CD. Ramone has won 15 Grammy Awards. A huge number a range of artists have recorded at A&R. The Everly Brothers recorded ‘Milk Train’ at A&R. ABANDONED LOVE (Bob Dylan) Recorded in the spring of 1985 at Maison Rouge Studios, Fulham, London, UK. The track appears on the album BORN YESTERDAY. Details in regard to each track are unknown but musicians on the BORN YESTERDAY sessions include: Albert Lee (guitars); Phil Donnelly (guitars); Phil Cranham (bass); Larrie Londin (drums); Pete Wingfield (keyboards); Liam O'Flynn (Irish pipes, tin whistle). Producer: Dave Edmunds. Although Bob Dylan himself recorded ‘Abandoned Love’ in 1975 it remained unissued: his version was not officially released until Biograph, a 3-CD box set, also in 1985. The track was also included on 2005’s Hip-O Select’s excellent 2CD release ON THE WINGS OF A NIGHTINGALE: THE COMPLETE MERCURY STUDIO RECORDINGS. ABC TV - the American Broadcasting Company television station, which hosted the 1970 Johnny Cash Presents The Everly Brothers series of summer shows. Created in 1943 from the former NBC Blue radio network, ABC is owned by The Walt Disney Company and is part of Disney-ABC Television Group. It first broadcast on television in 1945. Corporate headquarters are in Manhattan in New York City, while programming offices are in Burbank, California, adjacent to the Walt Disney Studios and the Walt Disney Company corporate headquarters. ABC is the most watched television network in the United States as of 2008. A CHANGE OF HEART (Boudleaux & Felice Bryant) Recorded 8th July 1960 at RCA Victor Studio, Nashville, Tennessee. An album track from the album A DATE WITH THE EVERLY BROTHERS. James Clayton “Jimmy” Day (guitar); other details unknown. Arrangement by The Everly Brothers; producer: no credit; engineer: Bill Porter. It was recorded in 2007 by British country-folk-rock singer Teddy Thompson, who grew up listening to the Everly Brothers and Buddy Holly, for his album Up Front And Down Low.