APPLICATION DOSSIER

SUBMITTED TO UNESCO CREATIVE CITIES NETWORK

JUNE 2008

GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 30 30 31 31 31 31 32 34 35 35 35 36 37 42 42 47 38 38 38 39 39 41 Music Festivals Record Companies Recording Studios Music Stores Artist Management Music in the Communities City Halls Education Services (GES) Education and Research Economic Impact of Music in Glasgow Public Awareness Broadcasting High profile events Glasgow - the lung of ’s Music 37 Appendices 1 Glasgow’s Government 2 Music In3 Glasgow Database Experian Economic Impact Study Part 3 Glasgow UNESCO City of Music Role Creative partnerships and initiatives Structure Funding Partnerships Special Project Plans 18 18 18 19 19 20 20 20 22 22 22 23 23 23 24 25 27 27 27 27 27 28 28 28 29 16 16 16 A Brief History Of Music InFrom Glasgow Obscurity… Major Developments Further Expansions Opera Music all around Turbulent 1890s The next stage Sir Alexander Gibson Rock and Roll Rock legends Folk Revival The Glasgow School Threshold of the present New Developments Glasgow’s Music World Now Performing Companies and Venues Glasgow’s Performers and Creators Orchestras Choirs Bands Ensembles Amateur Theatricals Solo Performers Music Venues Major Venues Music Promoters Part 2 Glasgow’s Cultural Infrastructure Glasgow’s Cultural Infrastructure Glasgow’s Museums and Galleries Libraries 2 3 3 5 6 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 12 12 12 13 13 13 14 Social Planning Economy Creative Industries Tourism Future Developments International City Glasgow Now Population The Lord Provost UK Prime Minister Scotland’s First Minister Part 1 Executive Summary Management Structure Summary and Objectives Overview of the City Geographical Layout Glasgow’s History and Character Glas Cu Dredging the Clyde A Golden Age Decline and Resilience Regeneration Messages of Support

Contents . par excellence As Lord Provost, I see everythe day enjoyment and and in fulfilment every that part music ofGlaswegians brings love Glasgow, to their our music citizens. – in all of itsThis forms. reflects a long history ofcontinues musical up excellence to in this the day. City, It which enthusiasm is which the makes combination all of music creativity memorable, and give and Glasgow the its same character: qualities we are a City of Music A Message from Councillor Bob Winter, the Rt Hon Lord Provost of Glasgow.

The Lord Provost

GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 2 GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 3 A Message from Alex Salmond, Scotland’s First Minister. I am delighted to supportUNESCO Glasgow’s City application of for Music status.international As recognition a this mark title of the will musical put map Glasgow as on aMusic hub has of always talent played and an tune. communicating important Scotland. role This in will showcasecultural our identity rich at home andproud abroad. of I the am wealth incredibly offorward talent to in celebrating Scotland every and success look it brings.

Scotland’s First Minister The UK Government fully supportsGlasgow Glasgowʼs has bid. a diverse andstrong dynamic tradition music of scene celebrating and home-grown a welcoming talent international and performers. We hopesucceeds Glasgow in securing UNESCO CityThis of will Music be status. positive forpositive music, for positive the for UK. Glasgow and A Message from , UK Prime Minister.

UK Prime Minister GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 4 GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 5 Donald MacDonald, Chair, Scottish Chamber Orchestra James MacMillan, composer Ken MacQuarrie, Controller, BBC Scotland Louise Mitchell, Director, Glasgow Cultural Enterprises Roddy MacLeod, Principal, National Piping Centre Colin McClatchie, Chair, Scottish Opera Alan Simpson, Chair, National Youth Orchestras of Scotland Bob Winter, Lord Provost, Glasgow Sir Muir Russell, Principal, Glasgow University Ian Smith, Head of Music, ScottishTommy Arts Smith, Scottish Council National Jazz Orchestra Lesley Thomson, Director Liddell Thomson Consultancy Simon Thoumire, Scottish traditional music Chris van der Kuyl, Chairman ofLimited Tayforth Consulting Simon Woods, Chief Executive, RSNO Rob Woodward, Chief Executive, SMG Ruth Wishart, Writer and broadcaster Zoe van Zwanenberg, Chair, Scottish Ballet Bob Winter, Lord Provost, Glasgow John Wallace, Principal, Royal Scottish AcademyMusic of and Drama James Boyle June Edgar, Scottish Enterprise Tom Thomson (Chairman), Chair, Royal Scottish National Orchestra Point Person Svend Brown Steering Committee Baroness Meta Ramsay (Chair), Chair ofRSNO the Council Craig Armstrong, Composer Nicola Benedetti, violinist Bailie Liz Cameron, Chair, Culture and SportMichael Glasgow Dale, Director, West End Festival Geoff Ellis, Chief Executive, DF Music Jim Gourlay, Director of Music, RSAMD Pamela Gillies, Principal, Glasgow Caledonian University Andrew Hamnett, Principal, Strathclyde University , Franz Ferdinand Bailie Gordon Matheson, Management Group Glasgow City of Music is managed by:

Part 1 a tool the arts can beimprovement. for social and economic That year-long festival was notably supportedsections by of all Glasgow’s population. As anynewcomer visitor will or quickly notice, the (veryGlaswegians talkative!) love their City. For them,the what fourth was largest once City in Europeof and the the British “Second Empire City “remains abetter place than bigger the and sum of itsweaknesses parts; it for is any still remaining one oflive. the Yet this world’s great civic places pride to shouldinsularity: not perhaps suggest as an a consequence ofconnections the forged global by the Scottish diaspora,citizens its have proven to be mostThe welcoming conferment to of others. the European Capitaloffered of Glaswegians Culture a welcome context toexpression diversify of the their civic pride. Thissuch bid expression. is the latest Glasgow is already a world classTo become musical City. a UNESCO City offresh Music opportunities would to offer share it its expertisethe and benefits spread that can come fromcollaboration. ever-widening Wherever cultural music is loved Glasgow‘sing’ would to the world and invite the world to sing with it. Symphony Orchestra, BBC Scotland, National Youth Orchestra of Scotland, Royal Scottish AcademyMusic of and Drama (RSAMD) and the Scottish Ensemble. Glasgow has the highest density ofinstitutions higher offering education courses in music andpopulation the of largest music students in Scotland. Glasgow’s music businesses generate proportionately more output than anywhere else inMusic Scotland. adds an estimated £74.6 millionto worth Glasgow’s of economy annually. output Glasgow’s music scene is growing andsteadily has expanding been since 1999. City of Music does not restresearch, solely impressive though on that economic is.The The power truth of is music this: - toinner free life the and imagination, bring enrich people the togethervast - social, unites economic a and City ethnic of diversity. Examine Glasgow’s history over the pastand two you centuries find a City inpopulations come, constant flux settle or as move immigrant on.ebbed Prosperity and has flowed and even todaydivided Glasgow by is extremes a of City wealth andhas poverty. addressed However its it problems with imaginationand and in flair 1990, as Europe’s Capitalcaught of the Culture, world’s the attention City and showed how powerful UNESCO City of Music In a typical week, an impressivepresented 127 in music Glasgow events more are than any other Scottish City. Five of the six biggest Scottishindustry employers are in in the Glasgow. Over music halfentire of music the workforce country’s is based there. Five of Scotland’s six National CompaniesScottish (including Opera and the Royal ScottishOrchestra) National make their home in Glasgownational alongside organisations other including the BBC Scottish the historic and current importance of musicthe to outstanding the excellence City; of its musicianspractitioners; and the depth, creativity and commitment ofwith its regard policy to both music itself, andof also social to regeneration, music improvement and as education. a tool In preparation for this bid extensiveundertaken research (attached was as appendices to thisexamine bid) the to current state of healthand of also Glasgow’s to music offer an analysismusic of in the the economic City. impact It of confirmsmusical that capital Glasgow of is Scotland, the and aworld major stage. player on the its local, national and international importancemusical as centre; a This bid has been prepared byMusic (GUCM) Glasgow to City of make abestowing detailed the case title for of on Glasgow in recognition of:

Executive Summary

GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 6 GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 7 We are grateful for financial supportof towards the this production bid from; BBC Scotland Glasgow City Council Glasgow Caledonian University Glasgow University Glasgow Collaboration Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama Strathclyde University In the vision set out belowCity we of see Music, Glasgow, enhancing as the UNESCO City’ssectors music together, world, sharing bringing information, representing music in other forums, and sparking new initiativesmaking to and benefit the music citizens who will hear it. In 2014, Glasgow reaches another historicpresentation landmark of in the its . Characteristically, the City is already putting itsplace plans not in solely for its sportsextensive events cultural but programme. also Music for naturally takes an place its as a key part ofUNESCO this Creative programme City – would to be do a so well-deserved privilege. as a The Objectives of GUCM are to: enhance the City's creative potential bypromote using ambition the and title excellence to in music ofstimulate all interest genres; in musical education withsocial the benefits; resulting culturally transform the City by usingof the music; universal language improve access to music for allbackground; ages and social and ethic actively contribute to the UNESCO Creative Cities network. Primarily residential and affluent, it past decade and is now aScotland Media and Park Scottish home Media to Group. Tramway BBC and The Citizen’s Theatre are among itsScottish venues, Ballet and recently opened its new home there. North Glasgow also contains some of the City'sareas, poorest which residential have benefited from large-scale regeneration. Glasgow’s History and Character Glas Cu Since the Stone Age, people haveof settled the on Clyde, the but banks Glas Cu’simportance (“Dear dates Green from Place”) the wider arrival of543AD. St Where Kentigern he in established his churchfind you the will thousand-year-old now . By 1145 Glasgow was important asecclesiastical a centre. Throughout trading the and Middle Agesprestige its rose, marked by the residencearchbishops, of and bishops the then founding of the1451. University Despite in the religious strife oftrade the flourished Reformation, during the 16th andespecially 17th in centuries, coal and fish. Bysecond 1670 largest this burgh in was the the land,capital, exceeded Edinburgh. only City by merchants the exploited theiraccess easy to the Atlantic Ocean to develop trade in the The third largest financial quarter Predominantly residential, it still boasts Bohemian cafés, alternative culture, bars, Containing some of the most deprived Four of Glasgow's higher education institutionsalso are here: University of Strathclyde; RoyalAcademy Scottish of Music and Drama; GlasgowArt; School Glasgow of Caledonian University. Financial District in the UK. West End boutiques, upmarket hotels, clubs and restaurants suit the many students and creativestheir who home. make Venues it include Henry Wood HallÒran and Mór. Major museums include Kelvingrove Art Gallery & Museum and the HunterianWest Museum. End Festival is held annually in June. East End areas in the UK, the Eastintensive End regeneration has in been the the past focus 20benefits of years further and from plans around theCommonwealth 2014 Games. Barrowlands Ballroom – considered by many top bands tovenue be – their is favourite here. South Side notable public buildings including Mackintosh’s Scotland Street School and House forthe an Burrell Art Collection Lover, and Pollok CountryThe Park. docklands area has been redeveloped in the A historic area of markets and The best-preserved Victorian City centre warehouses, now the heart of Glasgow’squarter cultural embracing The Tron Theatre, Old Fruitmarket, The Trades Hall, Hutchesons Hall, The Panopticon (Scotland’s last Music Hall) theHalls, City Glasgow Print Studio and MerchantFestival. City City Centre in Britain, home to the TheatreConcert Royal, Hall, Glasgow Glasgow Royal Film Theatre, and CCA. Geographical layout Glasgow developed on the banks ofthe the site Clyde of around St Kentigern’s churchEast in End what of is the now City. the Itexpansion experienced between especially 1750 intensive and 1900. Asareas it developed grew, within distinct the City, eachdistinct with profile. its own Glasgow is the largest of Scotland’s cities,largest and City third in the UK. The Glasgow City Area is 17,639situated hectares on and the is banks of the RiverIt Clyde. currently has a population of 580,690 residents. It lies at the heart ofis Scotland’s Scotland’s only principal conurbation, commercial and centre. Glasgow is the largest ofand Scotland’s cities, third largest city in the UK.

Overview of the City

GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 8 GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 9 classed as a “depressed area”. Between1990s then the and City’s the population mid- dwindled, itsdissipated, traditional crime industries rates rose and poverty levels soared. Despite all of this, its culturalsome life of continued the to most flourish, important and developmentscultural in world Glasgow’s took place between 1930 and 1980. Its musical audiences demonstrated a keendiscover curiosity what to was new elsewhere ininto the the world. concert They halls crowded to welcomeThey great created visiting organisations performers. precisely to givework an from airing far to and new wide. Correspondentscomplained in of the overcrowding press in the halls and theatres. Also during this period, in 1962,The Scottish Citizen’s Opera Theatre was presented landmark founded. productions and acquired an international reputation. The Apolloplayed Theatre host to a constant streamacts of of the any top given pop year and betweenlongstanding rock 1968 love and affair 1985. with Glasgow’s jazz gavefestival rise which to continues an to annual this daythe to City. bring major artists to Regeneration Since the early 1980s the City,of recognizing that heavy the industry were great past, days hasregeneration worked by strategically attracting towards new kinds of industry – finance, The impressive new city centre wasterraces laid and out; mansions gracious housed the affluentGrand in public the buildings, West concert End. halls, museums,and galleries libraries opened. Prestigious artistic andinstitutions scientific flourished. Around 1900 the City was atpopulous its city peak in – Europe. the It 4th wasacclaimed most home architects densely to such internationally as Charles Rennieand Mackintosh Alexander ‘Greek’ Thomson who contributeddistinctive intensely and personal buildings to the City. Its artists, the Glasgow Boys, wagedestablishment war much on as the the visual Impressionists arts didbrought in cosmopolitan Paris, influences and to bear onpainting Scottish generally. Glasgow boasted more parks and openother spaces comparable than European any city, along with suchbut mundane utterly modern conveniences as asystem, regulated water telephone and gas supplies. The Great Exhibitions of 1888 andthe 1901 City. brought millions to Decline and Resilience From 1914, war and the GreatGlasgow’s Depression economy. By began to the erode 1930s, Glasgow’s economic downturn became serious enough to lead to the City being A Golden Age One price of this industrial productivityovercrowding was and slum the housing, attendant problems thatworkers faced who many flooded in from elsewhereItaly in and Scotland, Europe. Ireland, Even so, thegolden period age 1840 for – Glasgow. 1930 Its was vastdirectly a industrial into wealth civic translated pride and cultural enterprise. A single feat of engineering transformedfor Glasgow’s good fortunes in 1770. For centurieshad the been sole the real shallowness threat of to the trade up. river In and 1770, its civil tendency engineer to Johnflush silt Golborne the devised silt a layers way from to the1772 shallow large Clyde vessels riverbed, could so sail that right by dramatic into industrial the expansion. City, Glasgow allowing soon for becameSecond the City of the British Empire.into Its soap-making, businesses distilling, diversified glass-making, sugar, bleaching, dyeing and textiles. The cotton industryalmost alone one employed third of Glasgow’s hugeshipbuilding, workforce. locomotive Heavy construction, industry, and engineering were equally important. Between 1870 – 1914almost Glasgow one produced fifth of all thelocomotives world’s in ships use and anywhere one in quarter the of world. all New World. First tobacco and thenthem sugar Scotland’s made first some millionaires. of Dredging the Clyde This award recognised Regeneration of the riverside It attracted more visitors than the 2003 Queen’s Dock 2 Project continues with plans for a £50m12,500. entertainment arena to seat 2003 European Capital of Sport Glasgow’s efforts to promote sport, participation andto fitness produce a healthier population. 2006 and Oldafter Fruitmarket £13 reopened million transformation (please see venues) 2006 SMG studios and offices opened at 2006 Kibble Palace in Glasgow Botanicreopened Gardens following refurbishment, as did Kelvingrove Art Gallery & Museum. Louvre in 2007. 2007 Glasgow hosted Europe’s largest comedy festival, and the UEFA Cup Final at 2007 BBC Headquarters at Pacific Quay opened A year of events Glasgow is a GoMA’s collection Sir Norman Foster’s 10-year development is Although highly practical – Galleries arts venue Huge investments were made in Glasgow’sinfrastructure; cultural - £5.8m was spent on renovating the historic McLellan - Tramway was secured as a major performance and visual - Concert Hall was built at- a cost King of Tut’s Wah £29.4 Wah million Hut opened its1996 doors Gallery for of the Modern first Art time (GoMA) includes Warhol and Hockney alongside majortalents. Scottish Now the second most visitedgallery contemporary outside art . 1997 Glasgow Auditorium Opening Glasgow Auditorium has already become aknown Glasgow as icon, “the Armadillo” for its inspired silver shell1999 design. UK City of Architecture andbringing Design an estimated economic benefit ofCity £34 and million provided to a the further catalystScotland’s for Centre urban for regeneration. Architecture and Design andopened the in City – Charlesfirst Rennie public Mackintosh’s commission. 1999 Clyde Maritime Centre Opening 2001 Opening leading location for hi-tech industries andsuch developing as fields biotechnology. Glasgow Science Centre increases the public’s awareness through interactive displays and projects. 2001 Project one of the largest waterfront regenerationwith projects in an the end UK value of £500m.shipyard 120 and acres dockland of will redundant be transformedcommercial, into retail residential, and leisure space. 2002 Lighting Strategy addressing simple street lighting issues –rise this to has Radiance: also a given spectacular city-widelights. biennial festival of Its aim was to A magnificent gallery was Wastelands were A magnificent success for The UK’s largest integrated exhibition visual arts production, tourism and events. It integratedkey culture part as of a its strategy: income order to for Glasgow, the the world whole to Cityvibrant, want needed high to to profile be centre. an Glasgow exciting, isinternationally now acclaimed associated urban with renewal with antrack impressive record both for investing infor its promoting own itself infrastructure through and major titles,publicity awards, campaigns. events It and has effectively weddedongoing this determination to to an improve the qualityresidents. of life for its To name but a few major landmarks: 1983 Opening constructed to house millionaire ship ownerBurrell’s Sir collection William of some 9,000 artefacts. 1983 Glasgow’s Miles Better Campaign communicate a fresh and tangible buzzwon about the the International city Film – and it Television offour times. New York Award 1985 SECC Opening and conference centre is also a major music venue. 1988 transformed to accommodate 112 different gardens containing thousands of shrubs, trees and3 plants. million More visitors than came, along withestimated many £100 Glaswegians. million An was injected into the local economy. 1990 European City of Culture Glasgow that transformed the city’s image; - Over 3,400 public events took- place Performers and artists came from- 23 countries. 40 major works were commissioned in the performing and - 60 world premieres - 3979 performances - 656 theatrical productions - 1901 exhibitions - 157 sporting events.

GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 10 GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 11 LSO IYO UI 2008 MUSIC OF CITY GLASGOW Now Glasgow Population Total Population (2006): 580,690 0-19 Age Group (2006): 22% 20-39 Age Group (2006): 33% 40-Retirement Age Group (2006): 28%

12 Retirement Age + Age Group (2006): 17% Number of Households (2006): 281,000 Average Household Size (2006): 2.02

Broad Trends Chinese, African and Caribbean communities and an Economy increasing number of people from Eastern Europe. In its heyday - the late 19th and early 20th centuries - Glasgow’s annual economic output currently stands at These groups make a notable contribution to the social, Glasgow was the fourth largest city in Europe (after £13.5 billion. London, Paris and Berlin). Its population exceeded one cultural and economic wellbeing of the City. The City’s million – a figure which has since dropped, to 580,690 in asylum seeker contract has been an important factor in Employment 2007. A declining jobs market in the 1970s and 1980s this regard, as has, more recently, in-migration from EU Between 1950 and 1996, the number of jobs in the City hastened this process. In recent years, the City’s Accession Countries. fell from 559,000 to a low point of 352,200 jobs. strategies to reverse this trends have shown positive Since then the City has recovered impressively, and in results: the 2006 GROS population estimate shows an Social Planning 2005 it supported 431,300 jobs with over 50% of increase in the City’s population of 1,900 compared to For all its successes, Glasgow still faces challenges in Glasgow residents employed within the City. Traditional the previous year. encouraging all of its population to fully participate in mercantile, engineering and marine activities have society. The Council’s key objectives include as one of contracted, while production industries have Population Age their main aims, “the need to tackle the poverty, social modernised around new technologies and City Centre The Glasgow population is distinctively younger than the exclusion and poor health experienced by some of business services and knowledge-based activities have rest of Scotland: 42% of the population is aged 20-29, Glasgow’s citizens and provide accessible and relevant increased in importance. Over the past decade a strong and this number is projected to be virtually stable over services to the City’s diverse communities through the economic performance has created more than 79,000 the period to 2014. development of Glasgow as a caring City. This includes additional jobs (24.4% growth at a time when average Pensioners now make up 16.7% of the City’s population partnership working with public sector agencies and UK growth was 14.5%) and the number of residents in - 13% lower than the average for Scotland (19.2%). communities to improve health and secure high quality work has risen by around 39,000. This difference is projected to increase in the next care in the community and to ensure children and young Of the 431,300 jobs recorded in 2005, service industries decade. people throughout Glasgow have access to the services accounted for 362,900 (89%), manufacturing totalled needed for the best possible start in life.” Diversity 23,500 (6%), other production and construction jobs Culture – and specifically music – is a significant part of In Scottish terms, Glasgow’s population is notably stood at 19,400 (5%). this strategy because of its ability to bring all sectors of diverse. Minority ethnic groups account for 5.5% of the population. There are substantial Pakistani, Indian, the community together. GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 13 Future developments Encouraged by the achievements over thenew past joint 10 economic years, development a strategy, ‘AGlasgow’, step was change introduced for in Autumn 2006forward to over move the Glasgow next decade. Theto Strategy create identifies and the support need high-value jobs,productivity innovation and and for higher corresponding improvements toto be the made City’s physical, cultural and social environments. The currently implemented City Plan 2next plans 20 ahead years for to the address a number of strategic priorities for Scotland. The average length of stayin was a 3 total nights, of resulting 6.3 millionof bednights £512 and million. generating expenditure Around 29% of overseas tourist tripsovernight to visit Scotland to included Glasgow an (0.7 million).spent Overseas an tourists average of 6 nightsa in total Glasgow of in 4.2 2005, million resulting bednightsexpenditure. in and The generating key £196 overseas million markets forUSA, Glasgow Germany, are France the and Sweden, butvisitors the coming number from of accession countries is growing. A significant factor in Glasgow’s developmentdestination as is a the tourism City’s extensive supplygalleries, of theatres, museums, concert venues and visitorIt attractions. also has the best-preserved Victorianand City a centre vibrant in performing the arts UK sector. recorded across Scotland as a whole,annual and growth a than faster the rate 2.5% of recordedeconomy across as the a Glasgow whole over the same period. Scottish Enterprise Glasgow and Glasgow Cityrecognised have the long importance of the CreativeIndustries and (CCIs) Cultural to the health andeconomy vibrancy and of have the developed City innovative approachesencourage to growth. Creative Industries have beenone identified of as the eight ‘spikes ofGlasgow’s ten-year high-value economic economic development activity’ strategy in and are thus one of the strategic developmentEconomic priorities Forum. of The the Creative Glasgow Industries arepriority a for designated the Enterprise£25m network. was In invested 2004, in them byand Scottish £3.5m Enterprise by Glasgow Glasgow City Council.investment Added from to the this national is arts the and£20m £14m screen from agencies public and and private sources. UK tourists made 2.1 million overnight2005, visits representing to about Glasgow 14% in of all UK trips taken in Tourism In the past 20 years, tourismimportant has part become of an Glasgow’s economic increasingly success.tourism During in 2005, the City supported 30,3367% jobs of (representing all over employment) and generatedmillion. expenditure of £708 The sector in Glasgow grew atper an annum, average representing annual a rate faster of rate 2.7% of growth than that Creative Industries In preparation for this bid, ThePartnership Glasgow-Edinburgh commissioned a study of thein Creative Glasgow Industries which is attached asthe Appendix Creative I. industries It in reveals Glasgow that playeconomy a than larger elsewhere role in in Scotland: the In 2006 24,412 people were employedGlasgow, in equivalent the to sector 6.2% in of theshare City’s than workforce: a in higher Scotland as a whole. In 2006, the sector contributed anthe estimated Glasgow £707 economy, million and to £3,385 millioneconomy: to a the higher Scottish share than in Scotland as aBetween whole. 1999 and 2006, creative andin cultural Glasgow employment rose at an averagesignificantly rate above of the 3.2% growth per rates annum, recordedScotland across as a whole, and aboverecorded the across Glasgow’s 1.8% total annual workforce. increase Within the sector, the ‘creative experiences’ sub-sectorshown has the most significant rate ofproviders employment of growth, such with experiences, including musictheatres, venues, museums and cinemas taking onimportance an in increased the City’s labour market. LSO IYO UI 2008 MUSIC OF CITY GLASGOW action that have been identified by the Council which relate 4. Havana, Cuba (2002) to the core aims of: Bilateral trade missions and associated cultural and educational events. - improving the City’s physical environment and quality of life; 5. Lahore, Pakistan (2006) - increasing economic investment and the numbers of jobs; This twin city relationship has been enthusiastically and welcomed by Glasgow’s minority ethnic community of - maintaining population growth. Pakistani origin. Trade missions.

14 International City 6. Bethlehem, Palestine (2007) Transfer of knowledge to assist the improvement of Glasgow is innately international. It has always welcomed economic and social conditions within Bethlehem, trade large immigrant communities. The constant turnover of its development, and educational exchanges. student population – which includes foreign nationals of more than 100 countries – ensures that the character of the 7. Turin, Italy (2003) population is constantly changing. The ever-rising volume of Cultural and urban development, housing, regeneration foreign tourists and business travellers visiting the City adds and arts projects. to the mix, complementing the 5.5% or so of the total 8. Marseilles, France (2006) resident immigrants who are mainly from Asian and East Projects and exchange of information about urban European backgrounds. regeneration, cultural exchanges, education, health, It is also a city which reaches out to the world. It enjoys a sport and economic and business exchanges. A number reputation as a committed, serious, imaginative and effective of cultural groups also participated in Glasgow festivals. partner and collaborator with cities worldwide, not least 9. Amathole, South Africa (2006) through citywide initiatives such as City Twinning. In this way Senior officers from Glasgow City Council are working it assists with the creation of the best possible conditions for with colleagues from Amathole to assist in the Glasgow’s European and international economy to grow. establishment and strengthening of Amathole’s Local Economic Development Agency and their Urban Renewal 1. Nuremberg, Germany (1985) Programme. Regular school, citizens, sports and cultural exchanges. Glasgow musicians participated in the Nuremberg 10. Malawi (2004) Meeting the World Festival. A number of projects since 2004 including construction of the City of Glasgow Maternity unit in Lilongwe; 2. Rostov on Don, Russia (1986) builders and IT specialists from City Building (Glasgow) Cultural, trade and education exchanges in Glasgow and LLP and the Chief Executive’s Corporate ICT travelled Rostov. The two cities’ Building Partnership Programme to Malawi recently to install IT equipment in four (IBPP) Project provided grant funding of 168,000 to € Teacher Development Centres and train of teachers. Professional Development to Combat Youth Drug The building team constructed a HIV/AIDS Clinic as Addiction. well as extending offices in the ground of Chikwawa 3. Dalian, China (1997) Hospital. A trade mission in 2008 will focus primarily on sport and education. LSO IYO UI 2008 MUSIC OF CITY GLASGOW 15

Nuremberg, Germany Rostov on Don, Russia Marseilles, France Turin, Italy Dalian, China

Bethlehem, Palestine Lahore, Pakistan

Havana, Cuba

Malawi

Amathole, South Africa Open is a centre for design and architecture , which takes displays into the community. 17 The Lighthouse that transforms an existing Charles Renniebuilding Mackintosh into a contemporary space fordebate displays, and events. A cluster of nine visual artsKing organisations Street. are A located major in refurbishment projectunderway is which now will provide state-of-the-art facilities for these organisations in 2008. For those sections of the communitycannot, which visit do museums, not, or Culture andbehalf Sport of Glasgow, Glasgow on City Council, operatesMuseum the In addition to the art insideinextricably the linked galleries, to public Glasgow’s built art heritage, is where there is a rich tradition ofbuildings, sculptural stained decoration glasswork of and free-standing monuments in civic parks and squares. Libraries Glasgow has 36 local libraries servingcommunities different across the City. Additionally there are many private and institutional libraries withcollections music including those of the educational institutions. is the Glasgow’s history celebrates the work A superb collection of artworks The City’s extensive collection celebrates the social history of holds an important collection of 01, 06 Gallery of Modern Art of contemporary work one of thein most the visited UK. galleries 03 The Burrell Collection including paintings by Degas and Rembrandt. 21 Spanish art. Glasgow‘s Museum of Transport through its transport. 31 The People’s Palace Glasgow. 25 St Mungo Museum of Religious Lifefirst and museum Art in the UK tofaiths. explore the world’s major Scotland Street School Museum of Glasgow’s most famous architect, Charles Rennie Mackintosh. The most popular are performing arts venues and 15 Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum gallery and museum in the UnitedLondon, Kingdom, it outside houses a great civicScottish art artists collections alongside including Botticelli, Rembrandt and Dali. 01, 04 The Tramway, and Centre forContemporary the Arts gallery spaces hosting innovative work fromworld, all and over offering the a platform for live art. Glasgow’s Museums and Galleries Glasgow’s museums draw around 3 millionyear, visits and every 5 of the 10are most Glaswegian. visited The Scottish most museums important institutions are: View map on back page. In the past three decades, investmentrejuvenating in venues creating has and gone hand incity hand regeneration with and wider development strategies. Recognising the benefits to be gainedcultural from events, high the profile Council has continuedthe to success build of on 1990 European Cityattracting of further Culture, major by events and titlesthen to making the the City best and of the opportunities they create. Glasgow’s international standing as a home to the creative and performingbeen arts higher. has never

Part 2 Glasgow’s Cultural Infrastructure

GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 16 GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 17 is the bequest of William The Euing Collection Union and the Royal Scottish Nationalarchived Orchestra there. are Music criticism and featuresoffers from delightful the insights press into concert lifecentury form to the19th the present. Glasgow University’s special collections are of international standing. They include a number ofthe Mozart portrait relics of including Mozart’s wife Constanze(in by the Josef care Lange of the Hunterianpenultimate Art letter Gallery) mentioning and the Mozart’s first performanceMagic of Flute. the Euing (1788-1874), a Glasgow insurance broker. It2,500 includes rare volumes of early printedunique. music, Many many of of Scotland’s them most significantleft composers papers have and scores to theMacCunn University Frederic including Lamond, Hamish Sir John BlackwoodSir McEwen, Hugh Roberton, and Alexander Campbell Mackenzie. . (6,000 song Moody-Manners The STV Collection (5,000 vols. of 18th and 19th century (opera scores), Glasgow’s libraries hold many special collections of manuscripts, letters, objects and ephemera. The Mitchell holds numerous music collectionsKidson including Collection the song, dance and ballad opera), the Collection sheets and 1,000 song albums fromIt the is 1950s, also 60s home 70s). to archivespast. which All map of Glasgow’s the musical concert programmes of Glasgow Choral The central library of Glasgow is With 1,213,000 volumes alongside a substantialfacility, lending it is the largest public reference library inIts Europe. collection boasts many exceptional raremanuscripts books as and well as the City’sto archives, the which date 12th back century. The 'Treasures ofthe the world’s largest Mitchell' Robert include Burns Collection andCollection which the tells Glasgow the story ofthan the 50,000 City books, through maps more and newspapers. In addition to traditional and digitalMitchell library is facilities, a the fully fledged musicrecital centre rooms with as a well theatre as and numerous 2 facilities. practice Currently rooms it among also its offers officeChoir space of to Scotland. the National Special Collections LSO IYO UI 2008 MUSIC OF CITY GLASGOW Glasgow in music of history brief A The traceable history of music in Glasgow is really the story of the City that grew from a provincial centre to become the Second City of the British Empire. Music, once established in the City, has flourished even in the face of adversity, and come to

18 be central to the City’s idea of itself.

From Obscurity… dancing, music and conversation could be enjoyed in melodies as well as the by Mendelssohn. the season. These two major public projects stand at He returned a year later to play Pibroch by Scottish The full ’s music before the 19th the threshold of Glasgow’s golden age – a period of composer, Alexander Mackenzie. Noted Wagnerian, century has yet be written. Archives conceal a wealth extraordinary prosperity and growth in the City. George Henschel sang Wotan’s Abschied in 1890, and of evidence which, pieced together, would create a a year later, Europe’s greatest living violinist, Joseph fascinating picture of distant times. Without doubt the Two key events of the 1840s were to transform Joachim – the man for whom Mendelssohn, Brahms City enjoyed the kind of musical life common to all Glasgow’s musical life. and Schumann wrote concerti, came with chamber cities of comparable size: domestic, church and civic 1841: the City Halls opened. With its grand auditorium music. Clearly the people managing the business of performances of a secular or sacred nature, which could accommodate 3000 people it was bigger the GCU kept their fingers on the pulse of what was complemented by occasional touring companies. than any other Glasgow hall. All agreed that it was going on elsewhere in Europe, ensuring a steady flow Music was studied at the university and church magnificent, and within a short time organisations were of distinguished visitors. New work also was important accounts show that numerous choirs were active in the created to fill it with concerts. - there were always ‘novelties’ in the programmes of City and that instruments were made. Homes held the GCU, and an absence of them provoked negative instruments for domestic music-making and festive 1844: the Glasgow Choral Union (GCU) was founded comment in the press. This spirit of curiosity matched gatherings. Until further research is undertaken, we to give fundraising concerts for charities. by discrimination characterises Glasgow’s music scene have only tantalising glimpses into the past. Their performance of Handel’s was the first in to this day. Glasgow. 200 singers and 50 players were proudly Major Developments advertised, and the concert’s success created Further Expansions With the 18th and 19th centuries we reach the age of sufficient impetus for the organisation to be officially Impressive though it was, the GCU was not the sole extensive documentation and records of many different constituted. It went on to dominate concert life in promoter in the City and in the 1870s the City Halls lost kinds: newspapers, diaries, programme books, Glasgow for 50 years, not only with its choral concerts, its place as the premiere music venue: St Andrews playbills, police reports, licences… As a result the but also orchestral concerts and chamber music. Halls opened its doors to the public in 1877. For the picture is vivid and full. As the century rolled on its orchestra grew from 50 to 80, then 90. The roll call of visiting soloists and next 85 years, this building held a special place in the Glasgow’s first theatre opened in 1752, built on the conductors is impressive. Sir Arthur Sullivan – a hearts of Glaswegians – and it is still remembered ruins of an Archbishop's palace. Like every Georgian Victorian megastar – conducted in 1876. In 1889, fondly, especially for its wonderful acoustic. It was no city of note, it had to have an imposing Assembly Sarasate played his own arrangements of gypsy larger than the City Halls - its auditorium also Rooms, and these opened in 1796. In its various rooms accommodated 3,000 people - but its stage could GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 19 Music all around From 1850 onwards Glasgow’s newspapers give an impression of a city where musiceagerly was consumed. readily There available are and regular notes‘packed in house’ reviews or of a the ‘distinguished crowd.’halls, Away music from could the be heard inbandstands the of handsome the Victorian City’s many publicplace parks. on Fairs the took greens and hadother their large own public jolly buildings attractions, like and theglasshouse Kibble in Palace the – Botanic a Gardens superb –for were concerts. frequently used Advertisements for schools and colleges rarelymention fail music to as a key attraction,now and know the as institution the we Royal ScottishDrama Academy evolved of over Music more and than aEducational century Association from (1845) The into Glasgow the ScottishAcademy National of Music (1929) to which1944 ‘Royal’ by was King added George in VI. There is also one very concrete1890s piece by of which evidence to from measure the musicalthe enthusiasm size in of the the City: amateur sector.perfectly In possible the to late muster 19th several century amateur itorchestras symphony for was any given Saturday nightthey – were though suffering by from 1902 comparison withAs the one professionals. review noted: authorities, which assisted the development ofHalls. the A Music rash of these openedfrom all the over grand the and City, respectable and Alhambratawdry ranged to Whitebait. the Here, downright the entrance chargefree of gin 6d or included a cigar. Allfrom female the performers rough needed audience protection by athis wire world cage. that Still, some it of was thepopular from first music major emerged. stars Will of Fyffe (1885 Glasgow born – in 1947), Dundee, though became Glaswegian bythe adoption City and one gave of its enduringI anthems, belong his to signature Glasgow. song Opera Although Scotland had to wait untilbefore well its into own the national 20th opera century companywas was a founded healthy there appetite for itRomantic long composers before. all Scotland’s created major successful operas,City and was the regularly visited by touringRosa companies Company like and the the Carl D’Oyly Carte.the A 1920s special was highlight the in visit byopera Thomas company Beecham who with gave his an own extensiveincluding season Marriage of of work Figaro and Madamawhich Butterfly has – a a special work place inin the Scotland. subsequent Besides history the of companies, opera thesuch big as opera Patti stars and Tetrazzini regularlyto visited to huge perform crowds. arias 500 St Andrews Halls stole the spotlightolder from venue City remained Halls, immensely but popular, featuring the allof kinds concerts including the popular ‘Bursts.’concerts These staged were by the Glasgow Abstainerstempting with people the away aim from of the barsafternoon. on During a the Saturday interval a cuppaper of bag tea were and served. a Audiences would bunfor save in the the a final bags applause, up fill themadd with to air the and din. burst Such them concertsafternoons to happened and on for most years Saturday offered aand diet novelties of to popular packed classics halls. They had stiff competition from theof bars. Scottish The popular urban entertainment tradition might beoriginated said in to the have streets around GlasgowPublic Green. houses along the Saltmarket ofteneasies" had - "free rooms and where anyone atThey all were could eventually get closed up down and by sing. the licensing hold 100 players, and its chorus gallery had room for singers. This was the place whereThe the Berlin world Philharmonic came appeared to there with play. Philadelphia Furtwängler, the Orchestra came with Ormandy. Jelly d'Aranyi, Myra Hess, Vaclav Talich, Weingartner, Solomon, Dochnanyi, Barbirolli, Beecham, Ferrier, Arrau and Szell allthere and appeared most returned for furthertime performances. it By was the destroyed in ayears fire of in glorious 1962, music it making had enjoyed 85 was a key figure. He was was a kindred spirit- and equally Sir Alexander Gibson (1926-1995) Like Will Fyffe, Gibson was anHe adopted studied Glaswegian. at the Royal Scottishlater Academy at of the Music, Royal and College ofconducting Music. class, Denied he entrance responded to with the typicalflair entrepreneurial by forming his own orchestraHe to returned practice to with. Glasgow in 1952the as BBC Assistant Scottish Conductor Orchestra of working closely with Ian Whyte. Erik Chisholm (1904-1965) inspired to play the piano bySonata hearing played Beethoven's by Moonlight Frederick Lamond. Hewith went Rachmaninov, on then to returned to study becomeGlasgow influential in as composer, mentor, entrepreneur and internationalist. Perhaps his greatest achievement wascreation the of the Active Society ofpropagation Music of in contemporary 1929 music. for For the 10major years musicians he from brought all over thethem world, including more Hindemith, than Szymanowski, 200 Bartók, of Medtner, Busch, Casella and Sorabji. With thegave Grand the Opera first Society complete he performance offor Berlioz’s which The a Trojans specially scheduled trainLondon. brought He people came from to be referredboth to of as his MacBartok, passion a for reflection thealso Hungarian for composer’s his music, utter but belief inScottish the classical importance music of rooted creating in a theland traditional – music much of as the Bartok had done inIan Hungary. Whyte (1901-1960) important. Like Chisholm, he was versatile:conductor, composer, pedagogue, political wheeler-dealer. He was the first conductor of the BBC’s Studiotime Orchestra, orchestral the ensemble first in full- Scotland. Itsstraight path nor was easy, neither but under Whytesymphony it orchestra, grew committed into to a playing full the scale by latest Scottish music composers alongside orchestral workand of countries. all ages Both of these men were importantdevelopment in of the perhaps musical the single mosthistory influential of man Scottish in music. the “Music in Glasgow at the momentin seems the to position be of very certain much necessarydemand kinds far of exceeds food. the The supply.” “The important orchestral concerts in Glasgowher have a given reputation as a music-lovingfacilities city. for Glasgow hearing has good music thatscarcely are any enjoyed other by provincial town inand the her three music kingdoms, students may practicallyon keep the their pulse finger of modern musicalits life movements.” and follow nearly all of By the turn of the 20thconfidence century, stood Glasgow‘s at wealth an and all timeboasted: high. The critic of The Herald The next stage In the 1920s and 1930s Glasgow’sentered – a and new, Scotland’s mature - phase. music Native musicians emerged who had neveranything known other Glasgow than as a vibrant andcity. busy Now international they musical wanted to re-shapestrong it, nationalist sometimes agenda with to a create morethemselves opportunities and for their fellows. There are reports of hundreds beingout turned concerts away and from new sold- entertainments openedIn up 1917, all cinema the added time. its ownhave musicians reports to of the performances field: by we theSymphony Glasgow Orchestra. Picture More House and increasingly lavish music hall-style venues opened. In 1904, apopular veritable culture palace opened for called The Pavilionostentatiously Theatre. luxurious It and was presented such starsas of Marie the Lloyd, day Little Titch, Willthe Fyffe, young Sarah (and Bernhardt unknown) and Charlie Chaplin.building This quickly flamboyant inspired competitors and withinBritannia two Theatre years of Varieties and Panopticon (formerly Britannia Music Hall) opened. That yearStanley a Arthur comedian Jefferson called made his debutlater there change - his he name would to Stan Laurel. “The Glasgow amateurs have the disadvantageappearing of practically side by side withprofessional a band, highly and trained the critical outsider, hiswith ears the filled rich tones of theregard Scottish the Orchestra, brave is efforts apt of to themore amateurs curious with than an sympathetic…” interest Glasgow’s biggest celebration of amateur music-making, the Glasgow Festival took place forattracting the 8,000 first competitors. time To this in day 1891 itannually, and takes although place the population ofhalved Glasgow since has 1891 it continues tonumber attract of around participants. the It same was athough huge slow ferment to of give activity, rise to19th professional century talents. musical Only star one stands out:(1868-1948), Frederic one Lamond of the great pianistswith of Franz his Liszt age, and studied Brahms. Tchaikovsky requestedperform him the to first intraveled 1893, to and Moscow Lamond in 1893 towas fulfill famous that for wish. his Above interpretation all ofgood he Beethoven. long He life, lived and a though heappeared traveled regularly constantly, in he his hometown. Turbulent 1890s As Glasgow’s musical world and itsorganisations ambitions evolved grew, – not always easily. Inthe the orchestra of early the 1890s GCU decidedenough that as it the had support spent for long whatchoir. was It essentially struck an out amateur on itsseason own in and competition set to up the its GCU.disastrous own The for 25 outcome both week was organisations, and theyunited subsequently – re- though from now itcontrol. was Ultimately, it the would orchestra become that the wasin Scottish in Orchestra 1951 and the Glasgow Choralin Union its would grand cease form. to exist Nothing seemed to dent the City’shalf enthusiasm of in the the new first century notWar even I, war. The In Herald 1918, commented; during World

GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 20 GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 21 been voted ‘best venue in theappeared world.’ there Among are the REM, artists Oasis, who Björk,Blondie Justin and Timberlake, . Talk to any Glasgow rock orhave pop tales musicians to and tell they about will thevenues Apollo were or hugely Barrowlands. influential Those not onlymusicians by to exposing international Scottish acts, but alsocredible by platform offering for a native talents: PrimalMogwai, Scream, Lloyd Travis, Cole, Big Country, Deaconand , most The recently Fratellis Franz Ferdinand. Itrenaissance amounts which to reached a a rock climax inearly the 1990s late when 1980s bands and like Texasdominated and charts, Simple major Minds festivals and airwavesThey worldwide. brought it all home too,major playing outdoor to events huge like crowds Glasgow’s at Big Day. The division between folk and classicalas music hard has and never fast been in thistunes country and as songs it have could been be collectedthe elsewhere. and 17th Folk published century, since and this onlycentury. increased What in made the the early 1960s 20th differentmusicians was not that only the claimed the folkand heritage also for had themselves, major – oftenpromotion. global Although - the image means of of the distributionendured, and intimate many local of folk the club new bandsworld and wide singers and were playing traveling prestigious venuesNew like York. Carnegie The Hall, Scottish diaspora, hungryold for country music offered from an the instant internationalthe market. musicians Many active of in Glasgow inbecome the major early international 1960s artists: went Ewan on MacColl,Redpath, to Jean , The Clutha, TheBoys Whistlebinkies of and the Lough. One figure who for many embodiesradical the folk spirit music of was Glasgow’s Matt McGinna (1928-1977): songwriter, singer and political activist. He was Folk Revival Parallel to the rock explosion, interestin in the folk 1960s. music The surged folk revivalphenomenon was – more but of Scots a were global good and ready for it. Rock legends Two Glasgow rock venues have becomelegends. genuine global The Apollo started life as amade cinema, the Green’s transition Playhouse, to but music inchanged the owners 1960s. and In its 1973 name it becameThroughout the its Apollo. 28 years as achoice venue for it performers was such the as venue JimiThe of Hendrix, Nice, Pink The Floyd, Move, T-Rex, TheLed Who, Zeppelin, The Black Rolling Sabbath, Stones, David Bowie,Lou Roxy Reed, Music, , Status Quo, Neil Young... Its special attractions were odd tospeak say of the its least. strange People smell, thecrowd ferocious – passion and of their the equally intenseThe cheering stage and was shouting. extremely high –were for thankful: which it many prevented performers all butpunters the from most getting determined onstage. The bouncersthe were fiercest among ever, and the wholewas building in shook when full a swing. By gig 1985serious the decline, fabric and of it the closed building itWeller's was doors Style in with Council. a When it final gig was1989, by eventually hundreds demolished Paul of in fans attended thewith destruction souvenirs and – left mostly bricks andRobert chairs. Plant It of is Led said Zeppelin that sentdemolition five company pounds and to asked the them toover pour the a site large as whisky a final goodbye. Barrowlands, thankfully, is still with us. It1960s as was a built in ballroom and the toglitzy this stars day and boasts a a sprung ceiling danceoccasional full floor. tea It of dance, still but hosts it the isvenue its that rise has as brought rock it and global pop fame, and it has repeatedly classical and rock worlds developed –classical but world whereas took the over 80 yearsshot to from mature, parochial its to rock global world in a matter ofIn decades. both cases, it was thesuperb presence visiting of international excellent artists venues in and thefires. City that ignited the Ring Madama with Janet Baker and . A string of ambitious and memorable productions (the first in Scotland) has been cited by composer Rock and Roll Just as Gibson was transforming thein operatic Glasgow, and the concert City life was alsopop. emerging There as is a a force strikingly in similarity rock to and the ways that Glasgow’s James MacMillan as “a life changingLes experience”. Troyens and Cosi fan tutte Elizabeth Harwood followed. The company alsoScottish invested composers, in commissioning many new operas. Cycle Gibson took his Glasgow musicians aroundBoth the Scottish world. Opera and the SNOtoured recorded internationally. extensively, In and 1975 the SNOAmerican made tour the by first any North non-London BritishBringing orchestra. the best of international workgave back first to performances Glasgow, of he works byand Peter Harrison Maxwell Birtwistle, Davies Berio, Henze, Ligeti,Schoenberg Lutoslawski, and Stockhausen. He was aScottish Fellow Academy of of the Music Royal and Drama1991. and Long President before from his death infigurehead 1995, not Gibson just was for a music inmusic Glasgow generally. but Thanks for to Scottish his staturefeats he beyond was any able other to musician achieve inimpressive the that land. the It years is of all hiscoincided the greatest with more achievements those years in whichin the temporary City economic as decline. a His whole legacyconcerts was in and opera, in education continues toto flourish this in day, Glasgow and the companieshe and was institutions most with closely whom associated are all in fine health In 1959 he was offered andof accepted the the Scottish post National of Orchestra Conductor –The an headline extraordinary in event. The Scotsman read:conductor 'The - SNO and gets he's a a new Scot!' Three years later Gibson founded ScottishSNO Opera, in with the the pit, and theirButterfly first production was followed for which Gibson called ontalents major to international come to Scotland andcompany. appear The with impact his was new huge. Its staging of the

GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 22 GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 23 outreach. A composer giving time andpeople skills in to turning aid their old memories intooutreach. songs An is ensemble working inviting in asylum seekerstheir to native share traditions with pride andworking find in common outreach. ground The is UK isleading recognised the internationally way as in this field,imitation and throughout it the continues world. to inspire Glasgow as a city blazed aof trail music in as exploring an the essential possibilities toolimproving for quality urban of regeneration, life and personalwinter development. of In 2005 the it took avenue step dedicated further equally and to opened world-class the musical performance first and UK music outreach: Glasgow City Halls. sorts early 19th century who settled by the Clyde We have said that in Glasgowan music integral was part always of viewed life as –It not could just be; something to put on a stage. - A tool of defiance by- marching bands Hymns or of political praise songsters in churches- of all Tribal denominations chants for fans and- afficionados Badges of identity for clubs and organizations of many - An instrument of moral and social improvement since the - A consoling memory of home for the many immigrants - An educational tool - A matter of civic pride. In looking over Glasgow’s musical history, theentire sense City of in the dialogue with musicIn is the impossible past to 40 ignore. years thisexciting dialogue meanings has as taken Glasgow on has new climbeddepression and out that of demoralized the the City forA so key many part decades. of its urbanencouragement regeneration of strategies the has arts been in the thethe community, arts and as the a use tool of forGlasgow’s engagement improvement with in the many arts different ways. oncoincided these with terms the rise in the UK ofThe ‘Arts Outreach.’ term ‘Arts Outreach,’ denotes activitiesarts which out take of the their conventional homesgallery – or the theatre concert – hall, to meetplaces new and audiences on in different different terms. Aclassroom player to taking talk his and violin play to with a children is working in New developments then to the download revolution; butGlasgow in today its is essence largely musical a moreinternational developed, and vibrant, sophisticated city cut toestablished the by pattern the start of thearea 1980s. a In truly one new very and significant innovativedeveloped. aspect of its activities has moral agendas reflected in their music; seen through an urban, classical filter; bound into a particular category ; Threshold of the present With the maturing of its folkgrowth and and rock improvement music of sectors, its the infrastructureexpansion and of the its broadcasting, recording andGlasgow’s film music industries, scene as a wholeoutline attained that a endures recognizable to this day.industries Venues, and artists, whole genres have come andhave gone certainly and risen fortunes and fallen. Acousticsuperceded technology by was digital, vinyl has given way to the CD and - passionate commitments to different political, faith and - an engagement with Scottish traditional music, albeit - a stylistic eclecticism, an individualism, a refusal to be For Macmillan particularly, these years offered thepad launch- for an international career. The Glasgow School Another sign of the maturity of1980s Glasgow’s was musical the life emergence in of the aattracted ‘school’ international of attention. composers James who MacMillan, Bill Sweeney, Gordon MacPherson were among them. Like many such schools, this wasloose actually affiliation, little but more they than did a have in common: championed internationally by American folk singerSeeger Pete who presented him in Carnegierooted Hall. in His daily work life was of Glasgowmonologues and worldwide. he took his songs and As more and more musicians emerged,diversified. the Purists sector might keep to thechildhood traditions but of fusions their with rock, jazztraditions and proliferated. other The nations’ whole sector tooknever off, ceased and to has flourish. Now, Glasgowfolk is music the industry centre in of Scotland. the Itfestival is (Celtic home Connections) to and its many largest ofand its businesses key are performers based there. LSO IYO UI 2008 MUSIC OF CITY GLASGOW Now World Music Glasgow’s In preparation for this bid, a new database has been collated from diverse existing databases of music and musicians in the City to offer as accurate and comprehensive a portrait of Glasgow’s musical world as possible. Unless otherwise stated, all of the figures below are drawn from this new database which is referred to as the GUCMD (Glasgow City of Music Database). All entries were verified by

24 phone to ensure accuracy and currency of data. A full listing of organisations by category is included as Appendix 2, but in summary:

Performing Companies and Venues Glasgow-based performing organisations of national Glasgay significance: Inspiration Festival The community of musicians in Glasgow is well International Jazz Festival established, huge and prestigious in its professional, Capella Nova Triptych Festival amateur and educational sectors. Specific factors Concerto Caledonia Sufi Festival favour the existence of so large a musical world, and Scottish Ensemble Glasgow Mela enable it to draw on both local and national resources National Youth Orchestra of Scotland National Youth Orchestra to sustain itself. By the same token, Glasgow serves National Youth Choir of Scotland National Association of Youth Orchestras both the whole nation and the City itself. National Youth Jazz Orchestra of Scotland NYOS Futures National Youth Choir Four of Scotland’s five National Companies are based Glasgow Senior Citizens Orchestra in Glasgow: Glasgow as a city has integrated culture into its Paragon Ensemble Royal Scottish National Orchestra regeneration and development strategies. Through Cappella Nova Scottish Opera Culture and Sport Glasgow it annually invests more Westbourne Music Scottish Ballet than £3 million to provide core support for 32 Sounds of Progress National Theatre of Scotland organisations including festivals, theatre companies, Indonesian Gamelan dance groups, music ensembles and visual artists and International Piano Competition Scotland’s 5th National Company, the Scottish support for 145 organisations on a project basis. Arika Music Festival Chamber Orchestra, has a permanent base in the City Russian Cultural Centre at City Halls which also is home to the BBC Scottish Of these the most important music organisations are: The Arches Symphony Orchestra. RSNO Glasgow Cultural Enterprises SCO All of the National Companies present full seasons of Children's Classic Concerts Scottish Ensemble concerts and other work in Glasgow, they undertake RSAMD Stringfest and Cossack Connections Scottish Opera outreach and educational work, and participate in the The Council’s Events team separately co-ordinates many City’s life in other ways. They all have a remit to present West End Festival other major events and festivals including Glasgow’s performances throughout Scotland and to represent River Festival annual Hogmanay Party, Winter Festival, the World Pipe Scotland internationally. On a smaller scale exactly the Merchant City Festival Band Championships and Summer in the City. same set of functions is served by the following GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 25 is perhaps Glasgow’s most successful Franz Ferdinand Amongst his many credits are theLuhrmann scores hits, for William the Shakespeare's Baz Romeo &Moulin Juliet Rouge. and Craig has written forthe the Scottish Northern Chamber Sinfonietta, Orchestra, the Scottishthe Ensemble Royal and Scottish National Orchestra, whoconcert premiered work his 'When Morning Turns To Light'2002. in In December 2004 Craig Armstrong wonaward his for second his Ivor score Novello to Phillipstarring Noyce's Michael The Caine. Quiet This American award joinsaccolades a and long nominations list which of include Thethe Bone Oscar-winning Collector, 'One Day In September',(voted and Best ‘Orphans’ Film at 1999's Venicea Film member Festival). of Armstrong is Glasgow City of Music’s Steering Committee. current pop band. It formed inchart 2001, success and when first its experienced second singleCharts. reached NME #3 named in its the eponymous UK firstthe album year as The album band of went onPrize to and win two the BRIT 2004 AWARDS Mercury inand Music 2005 Best for British Best Rock British Act. Group Italbum reached charts No.12 in in April the 2004 Australian andchart the in top the 5 USA of (where the itThe Indie sold band's Rock over second a album million went copies). straightselling to 101,884 No.1 copies in in the its UK, firstof week. awards The including disc an won Ivor a Novelloplaced host Award it in 38th 2004. on NME their 100 Best Albums of All Time list. passed through the ranks of his native London, the Queensland Biennial in 1999,Barbican and Composer the Weekend BBC in 2005. Aorchestral triptych works of commissioned by the LondonOrchestra: Symphony The World's Ransoming, a CelloMstislav Concerto Rostropovich, for and Symphony: 'Vigil' premiered under the baton of Rostropovich inworks 1997. include Recent Piano MacMillan Concerto No.2 firstchoreography performed by with Christopher Wheeldon at NewBallet, York City A Scotch Bestiary commissioned tonew inaugurate organ the at Disney Hall withthe soloist Los Wayne Angeles Marshall Philharmonic and conducted bySalonen, Esa-Pekka and The Sacrifice premiered andNational toured Opera by in Welsh 2007. Future premieresPassion include co-commissioned St by John the London Symphony Orchestra, Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra, Boston Symphony Orchestra and Berlin Radio Choir, andworks new for the Takács Quartet andGlasgow Minnesota remains Orchestra. MacMillan’s base, and hethe is process currently in of composing a completefor setting the of choir the of Gradual his local church. Craig Armstrong City's band culture (a band memberThe of Big Hipsway, Dish) Texas and to become oneafter of and the respected world's composers most and sought- arrangers.worked He with has Madonna, U2, Björk anda Massive skilled Attack. and He experienced is writer for theatre and film. , Scotland’s most famous living ‘classical’ material and arrangements. in the classical sector and folk sectors Glasgow’s Performers and Creators Creators The GUCMD shows a total of: - 123 rock and pop Bands most of whom create their- own 79 Composers and composer/arrangers working primarily - 27 Singer/songwriters working primarily in the rock/pop Four Distinguished Residents: James MacMillan composer (and a member of ourMacMillan Steering is Committee) internationally active as a2000 conductor was and appointed in Composer/Conductor with thePhilharmonic. BBC He was awarded a CBEIn in addition January to 2004. The Confession oflaunched Isobel MacMillan's Gowdie, international which career at thein BBC 1990, Proms his orchestral output includesconcerto the Veni, percussion Veni, Emmanuel, premiered by Evelyn Glennie in 1992 and which hasperformances. since MacMillan's received music over has 350 been programmed extensively at international music festivals, includingEdinburgh the Festival in 1993, the BergenSouth Festival Bank in Centre's 1997, 1997 the Raising Sparks festival in GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 26 GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 27 73 instrumental ensembles feature on theincludes database, some but umbrella this categories so thelikely actual to total be is closer to 90. Amateur Theatricals This has historically been an importantand sector Scotland for generally. Glasgow In the yearsof before professional regular opera provision in the country,the these main companies were providers, and their productionsambitious could and be of exceptionally high standard. Since professional opera has become morestandards available, have and naturally risen, these companiesa have little faded but continue to appearaudiences. and play to good-sized 13 amateur societies provide variety, music theatresimilar and entertainments of different kinds. Bands This sector is among the hardestbecause to the report turnover on is reliably, partly so fastgreat (bands speed), come but and also go because with onlyare a organised proportion and of entrepreneurial bands enough and haveresources to the promote themselves through websites and other shared sources of information. - 123 Rock and pop- bands 21 Jazz Bands - 44 Traditional and folk bands - 7 Dance Acts - 31 Groups belonging to smaller or cross-over categories Ensembles - 31 are amateur or community- based 7 are based in- a university or 5 academy are youth or- training orchestras or 2 ensembles are linked with a professional orchestra (This is a question, rather than to be included) GUCMD records 49 Choirs currently activeof in which: Glasgow, - 1 is fully professional - 3 are church choirs Orchestras GUCMD records 38 Orchestras or largeactive ensembles in currently Glasgow. Of these: - 8 are fully professional - 10 are amateur or community- based 6 are based in a- university or 14 academy are youth or training orchestras, or ensembles Choirs Deacon Blue Lulu Jimmy Somerville Clare Grogan Jim Diamond Angus & Malcolm Young, guitarists inHipsway AC/DC Travis The Blue Nile The Bluebells Love and Money Camera Obscura Jack Bruce, (Bassist in Cream) The Silencers The Fratellis Frankie Miller Hamish Stuart Aztec Camera Iain Mackintosh Maggie Reilly Maggie Bell Brian Robertson Primal Scream have one of the most distinctive sounds of any At time of writing their thirdAlex album Kapranos is is in a production. member ofSteering Glasgow Committee. City of Music’s Capercaillie traditional music band anywhere. The foundationband of has the been the peerless voiceMatheson, of described co-founder by Karen Sean Connery asthat having is "a surely throat touched by God".one Universally of recognised the as finest Gaelic singersvoice alive has today, been Karen’s exquisite at the centrebreathing of new the life band’s into music, 400-year whether oldher Gaelic luscious songs vocals or to bringing the band’scompositions. contemporary There have been many milestoneswho for have a sold band over a millionThese albums include worldwide. three silver and onefirst gold Gaelic album Top in 40 the single, UK, writingappearing the the in music the for, and Hollywood movie "Robperforming Roy", in and over thirty countries includingand Iraq, the Macedonia Sudan. Capercaillie have beenthe credited major with force being in bringing Celticand music their to unique the fusion world of stage, Gaelicsound culture has and always contemporary stretched boundaries inkeep their the quest music to evolving. However, theirachievement greatest has been to mould aGaelic central heritage strand into of a their fresh, newout sound, to capable the of ears reaching and heartsDonald of Shaw, a people all key over member the ofCeltic world. the Connections band was and a Director key of contributorthe to future the of vision Glasgow for City of Music outlined inBesides Section these III. notable current residents, famousGlaswegian living musicians include: Altered Images Big Country Donovan Texas Del Amitri Midge Ure 2 1 8 12 11 12 18 7 is located in the spaces beneath the railway occupies the distinctive Art Deco building that ABC No of performances annually>500 No of Venues >400 >300 >200 >100 >50 >10 <10 The remainder of the venues forinto which the we following have bands: data falls Major Venues Over the past 30 years, thereGlasgow has venues been – major both investment by in theand Council companies. and It by currently individuals enjoys ansubstantial enviably portfolio diverse of and performing arts spacesmany suitable kinds for of musical performance. Atscale, one Hampden of Park end hosts of the the verywith biggest audiences stadium of gigs around 45,000; atscale the the other City end is of rich the inintimate tiny one-man venues show. Below perfect is for the avenues most sample in of all the genres. major As thisimportant brief City summary venues shows, are dispersed throughoutenhancing the ease City, of access for differentaudiences. communities Alphabetically… and The once housed Scotland’s first cinema. With1600 a it capacity is of one of Glasgow’sand top its four programme rock of and touring pop artists venues complements and the club programmes nights of Carling AcademyBarrowlands. and The Arches arches of Glasgow’s Central Station. It was refurbished in 1: 100 2: 80 1: 200 2: 120 300 1: 450 2: 500 3: 200 1: 550 2: 550 1: 80 2: 130 151 296 220 1: 2475 2: 500 3: 300 concerts peryear capacity traditional DJs NameClutha Type of Vaults music& Average The Traditional / ScotchCorner folk 648 13th Note Spaces: IndieKing Tut’sWah Wah Hut /Strathclyde Pop /Student Union 360 360 MixedOran Mor 300 MixedBacchus Bar / BandsBlue Dog 300 300 Ivory Jazz Blacks / MOR /Capitol Bands 300 GlasgowRoyal Concert Bands 288 Hall Mixed 288 272 Clearly this summary gives only thebeginning beginning of of a a picture. For example,differences there in are capacity huge and ambition ofSome the are programmes. almost completely dominated bythough DJ all sessions, the venues listed doThe feature point live is music that regularly. even ifGlasgow, there the were 10 no places other listed venues abovelovers in would a offer varied music and high qualitythe musical year. diet Some every are week of of internationalGlasgow standing Royal (King Concert Tut’s / Hall) others areinstitutions venerable (Clutha Glasgow Vaults & The Scotchand Corner one / is 13th an Note) ambitious newon comer, the already City making its - mark Oran Mor. Ghanaian drumming Music Venues GUCMD lists 200 separate venues whichregularly present in music Glasgow. Of these venuesgive only reliable 86 data were which able is to reflected below. In terms of sheer number ofvenue gigs, in ARTA the is City, Glasgow’s with busiest aroundspaces. 700 This gigs bar, per restaurant year and in club its offersand live 5 special bands, one DJs off nights in the Merchant City. After Arta, the top busy venues are: Solo Performers Because Glasgow has such an extensiveinfrastructure musical it supports some 281 musiciansmainly who as operate soloists or freelance ‘session’broadest musicians sense. in the Understanding this sector is complicated asmusicians many will have several jobs –have the a same solo player career, might play insession a work, band, and take – on who occasional knowsoffice - or work restaurant in too. a Also, they bar, library, Violinist cross Greg genres. Lawson, for instance, playsorchestras, in has the his major own alternative klezmersolo, band, plays plays quartets and will alsovariety be of booked events for from a club whole nights to musicals. Of the 281 soloists listed in GUCMD - 174 are classical musicians - 34 specialised in traditional music - 28 are DJs - 20 specialised in rock and- pop 17 specialised in jazz - 8 offer miscellaneous genres including Country and

GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 28 GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 29 is best is home to Scottish Opera. The site upon re-opened in 2008 as both a multi-functional arts Theatre Royal further performance space used by musicstudents, and while drama the Chandler Studio Theatremore is intimate used or for experimental theatre work.Guinness Finally, the Room is a recital hall for up toThe 108. Scottish Exhibition and Conference Centre known for hosting its concerts withStones, acts U2, such Oasis, as Britney The Spears, Rolling Primalmany Scream, others and in the 8,200 seatIn Hall 1997 4 the and main 3,000 building seat wasAuditorium Hall complemented – 3. by Sir the Norman Clyde Foster’s "armadillo". Music Promoters Music Promoters within Glasgow may befollowing divided categories: into the Venues promoting concerts within their own(please spaces see Venues above) Musical companies promoting their own performances across the board from the Nationalchoirs Companies and to orchestras, amateur rock groups orvarious soloists. categories (Please above) see 12 Musical Clubs, Societies and Associationsmusic promoting specific to their interest largelymembership. to These their are own often managed byoperate volunteers, to but a high standard. 33 entrepreneurial companies promoting music in aof venues number in the City. Inoverlap this with sector venues there as is several a promoters degreeas manage of well venues as their wider operation. The which it stands has been associatedand with every opera major since Scottish 1867 Opera production appears there. Tramway venue and the permanent home ofIt Scottish presents Ballet. cutting-edge contemporary work andlocation is for the two main national festivals showcasingexperimental international music and theatre: New Territories and TRIPTYCH presents a wide array of is renowned UK-wide as an is a Glasgow landmark and , one of Glasgow’s smallest venues, has a since reopening in 1999 after has numerous spaces to suit different is one of Glasgow’s newest venues, Òran Mór RSAMD Pavilion Theatre National Piping Centre historically one of the most importantperformances. venues Sarah for Bernhardt variety appeared there, asyoung did unknown the Charlie Chaplin. More recentlyScottish such artists popular as Lulu, ,Barbara Sheena Dickson Easton appeared and there. The productions: the New Athenaeum Theatre seatsthe 344 principal and auditorium is for plays andConcert opera. Hall The is Academy much in demandseats by 355. professional The groups Alexander and Gibson Opera School houses a King Tut’s Wah Wah Hut exciting showcase for new and emergingvenue bands that and supported as some the of thebiggest UK names music at industry's the start ofthe their Year of careers. Founded Culture during in 1990,Scotland's it foremost is music owned promoters and DF managed Concerts by played and host has to bands including Radiohead,and Blur, Travis, The Pulp Verve before they reachedsuperstardom. the It heights created of a music piece ofthe rock venue and where roll Oasis history were as first spotted and signedThe in 1993. traditional and acoustic music, as wellcollections as relating holding to national piping, and offering courses and tuition. Òran Mór (meaning the 'great melody of life')meeting is place a in cultural the centre heart and ofIt Glasgow's regularly West presents End. concerts and sessionsmusic of alongside acoustic its theatre and events programmes. The Hampden Park refurbishment, Scotland’s home of football has beenvenue the for vast stadium concerts featuringstature artists of of Rod the Stewart, George Michael,Rolling Robbie Stones, Williams, Oasis, U2, and Eminem. Hutcheson's Hall special place in the City’s musicChopin history, as played it when he was visited here that Scotland in 1848. The Old Fruitmarket and dominates the centre of the This former cinema opened as a music The City Halls was originally built as a ballroom – and still City. It was opened in 1990functions as as part the of main the venue Year for ofOrchestra. the Culture Additionally, it and Royal promoted Scottish the National International Series which has featured such orchestras asPhilharmonic, the London Kirov, Symphony Berlin Orchestra, Gewandhaus, Philharmonia. Soloists featured in recent years have included Alfred Brendel, Ian Bostridge,and Jessye Cecilia Norman Bartoli. The world famousConnections festival is Celtic produced by Glasgow Concertattracting Halls 100,000 visitors to Glasgow duringweeks. its The three year round programme ofmajor music figures also from features the world of jazz, rock and pop. reopened after a £13 million refurbishment.building This combines visionary performing arts with archives, information about music, education, outreach, social inclusion and regeneration. It is onevenues the in most the high-tech UK offering possibilitiesmost of distant outreach communities to in the Scotland viahome video to links. the It BBC is Scottish SymphonyCouncil’s Orchestra, Music the Education Services, the Scottish Music Centre and the Scottish Chamber Orchestra. Glasgow Royal Concert Hall 2001 and offers cultural adventurers ato programme small-scale of theatre, mid- music and club events. Barrowlands hosts the occasional tea dance –a but major has concert made venue. its Although name smallmany as by rock comparison venues, with it is arock particular / favourite pop of acts many including noted R.E.M.,Timberlake, Björk, and INXS, U2. Justin It has alsoplatform traditionally for offered the a finest local talentTravis, including Franz Primal Ferdinand and Scream, Big Country. Carling Academy venue in 2003 after a £3Bands million appearing refurbishment. there include the Sugababes,Carpets, Inspiral Massive Attack, White Stripes, PublicMelanie Enemy, C as well as manyScottish club promoters Slam and and dance events Inside with Out. top In January 2006, public arts managed by UZ Events City of Paisley which takes place in Perth andDF Kinross Concerts. but is managed by Scottish musicians to international promoters and programmers and brought 160 international delegatesevent to on the 2006, all looking to book Scottish bands. Celtic Connections also has an importantProgramme Education which both promotes the performanceappreciation and of and alsowider plugs outreach into strategies. the Thousands City’s of childrenmorning attend concerts free given often by theYoung performers top are stars. nurtured through its Youngand Tradition Master & Apprentice series of concerts. Additionally, a number of major FestivalsGlasgow are by produced in Glasgow companies but takein place Scotland: elsewhere - Big in Falkirk – a major showcase for street theatre- and Voices in Paisley – an annual choral festival in the- nearby – Scotland’s largest summer rock festival, Record Companies One excellent indicator of the health,entrepreneurial scale spirit and of sheer Glasgow’s music scene isnumber the of small record labels based in the City: 91 at last . Celtic Connections Glasgow festivals and special seasons areadd presented further which variety to the musicalbecoming diet established. without necessarily The single largest and most famousundoubtedly Festival in Glasgow is Celtic Connections was founded in Januarysince 1994 become and an has annual event. Itstraditional original music strong from focus the on Celtic nationsbroadened has in gradually the past 14 yearskinds to of embrace Roots many music, different and ittraditional attracts music the scene. superstars of the The first festival attracted around 32,000.(2006), In over its 100,000 13th people year filled 10hundreds venues of seeing artists brought to Glasgowthe from globe. every Confirmed part audience of figures forin, 2008 but are the not festival yet featured morethan than 300 1,000 events. acts in more Celtic Connections brings in visitors fromworld throughout to the Glasgow and has annow economic exceeding impact £4 on million the during City theChristmas normally period. quiet It post- also plays anGlasgow important internationally role in for promoting artistic linkscultural and exchange across many lands, especiallyCeltic those heritage. of Through Showcase Scotland it promotes Music Festivals Glasgow supports 24 well-established festivals whichmusic have either as their sole focus,programming. or as a core aspect of their Taken as a body, these festivals catermusic to genres a and audiences wide from range the of music highly lover specialist to young audiences. Itthese should are be merely stressed the that well-established festivals: every year in Of these the largest in ScotlandEurope’s is leading DF concert promotion Concerts. companies, It bringing isthe one best of live music and eventsincluding to Robbie audiences Williams, in The Scotland Eagles, N*E*R*D,Bon Radiohead, Jovi, Eminem and The Darkness.number Working and with diverse a range huge of artists,unsigned from talent cutting-edge to the music industry’scompany biggest is stars, also the the promoter behindsuccessful Scotland’s music most festival, T in thefestival Park, attracting a hundreds multi-stage of music the musicand industry’s top a acts crowd that now exceedscurrent 60,000 site each at day Balado to near its Kinross.to DF become Concerts a has major grown player inscope the of UK their music activity industry, has the spreadwith further 1996/7 afield concerts into in Europe, Prague, Berlin,DF Valencia Concerts and also Paris. worked on Moscow’sconcert, biggest headlined ever by Prodigy in Red Square.

GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 30 GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 31 transferable skills, by providing personal insight and indicates that there is still athe healthy local place and in specialist the supplier market alongsidemulti-nationals for the and high trading street websites. In addition to this, many ofevery the category individuals of and the companies GUCMD in sellevents music or direct through either their at own websites. Music in the Communities As noted in Part I, musicsimply has a historically form meant of more art than orIn entertainment particular, since to the Glasgow. early 1980scity-wide it strategies has for formed outreach part in of educationand (at for all all levels ages) individual andand community social development, inclusion. These projects haveinitiated often by been the City, but allorganizations publicly participate funded in music some way incondition this of work: their it funding. is a The UK Cultural Commission has identifiedsocial a benefits number associated of with key a Citycultural enjoying sector a – strong all of whichGlasgow. may These be include: seen in action in - increasing confidence, creativity, human growth and Artist Management It was once asserted that amusicians major resident obstacle in preventing Scotland from breakingmarkets into was wider the lack of sufficientmanagement excellent companies. artist This is not aScotland, problem but unique faced to by every smalllike country, Sweden including and those Finland whose Governmentsparticularly invest heavily in their music industries.has The not situation changed sufficiently for concernsallayed, to but be a entirely small number of(Bows new Art Glasgow / companies Logan Arts Management)tackling are some energetically of the problems ofand their working respective to sectors, promote Scottish residentScotland artists itself both and in abroad. There arecompanies 20 resident music in management Glasgow. bands have recorded in the City,Del including Texas, Amitri, G.U.N, Big Country, Hipsway andswankiest Wet facilities Wet Wet. continue Even to the take prideallowing in rising this talents role with limited financialaccess resources sufficient to facilities to produce highlydemos professional as a first step tomusical making world. their names in the wider Glasgow’s most prestigious facilities include: Park Lane Studio Music Stores Another excellent test of the musicalitynumber of and a range city of is its the musicchanged shops. the Online way shopping music has lovers buyrecorded instruments and and printed music, but the list of 27 outlets The studio started life in 1980bands and as was Deacon used Blue, by The such Bluebells,Cole local Altered and Images, Love Lloyd And Money toThe make studio their also first attracts demos. bands fromas outwith The Scotland, Pet such Shop Boys, INXS,market, the West Fugees, Life, and Gareth Gates, from Darius, therespected and 'Pop' Sophie the Ellis highly Bextor. The studiomaintain has respectability managed with to the signed bandsCompany and clientele its while Record still attracting youngmany demo of bands who have gained majordemo, deals such after as: one Travis, The Park Lane ACSmiles, Acoustics, Hardbody Whiteout, and The Baby Chaos. Duethe to studio the these success bands of continue toserves return. many The clients studio from also the world20th of Century TV Fox, and Disney, FILM BBC, such Time as Warner, and Channel 4. CAVA One of Glasgow’s most respected facilities, CAVAat has the been heart of the City’sIt musical serves life an since extensive the client early list 1970s. SMG, including advertising the and BBC production and companies, andimpressive an array of mainly Scottish bandsMogwai, including Runrig and Dougie Maclean. is based just outside of the City and draws heavily Recording Studios Glasgow is outstandingly rich in recordingrelated studios facilities. and Exclusive Facilities As the centre of Scotland’s mediaarray Glasgow of has studios a and matchless related technicaland facilities for created the by use of specificScottish organizations. Media Both Group the (SMG) BBC have and dramaticallyand upgraded updated their facilities to statepart of of the their art moves specification to as newThese headquarters benefit at the Pacific wider Quay. musical communitymusic through programming the of both BBC Scotlandlocal and bands SMG are as recorded for broadcast on various networks. Most of the Glasgow’s major educationalrecording institutions facilities have of different kinds intended primarilythe for use of their students and staff. Commercial Sector The commercial sector is large (morewithin than the 20 City) companies and is concentratedCity. in It the caters West to End all of levels the relatively of simple the facilities music suitable industry for from amateurprestigious use facilities to such as Cava andThis Park range Lane is Studio. critical to thewhole health as of it the brings music major industry talentsthe as to same a the nurturing City local to talent. record Many while of at Scotland’s biggest Records on Glasgow’s resources for its recording venues,facilities. artists This and award winning label haschampioned consistently Scottish talent including many musiciansand living working in Glasgow, including jazzBach singer expert Claire Dr Martin, John Butt, andConcerto early Caledonia. music ensemble count. This sector is dominated mainlylabels by promoting indie rising and young rock bands butmusic includes (Lismor) traditional and many experimental genres also. Scotland’s premiere classical and jazz , City Halls Learning and 18 Glasgow Nursery Schools access programme whose objectives are to: y Halls Fusion: Developing music technology skills - Grand Hall, The Old Fruitmarket and Recital Hall info services community, conference and hospitality use. current digital music equipment. partners IT DJ techniques; live electronics; recording, mixing,and mastering production; podcasting - of youngminority people and from ethnic black, communities by offeringaccess training to and facilities in ways thatSpecifically they targeted appreciate. at young, unaccompanied asylum seekers currently living in Glasgow. All the facilities of the hallprofessional are musicians used alike and by include: amateurs and - A range of public performance spaces including the - Scottish Music Centre’s archive of Scottish music and - Meeting rooms / hospitality suites: facilities for - Practice rooms: for use- by all Education suites, including IT suites fitted with the most The Outreach and development department basedCity in Halls the manages a year round Participation - Facilitate discussion between the education- partners Encourage collaborative working between the education - - Devise, facilitate and deliver projects - Develop external partnerships They manage an eclectic portfolio of projectsMusic including: for Early Ears: specialist early years music work. Theirregular staff training are and offered practical experience, alongsideMusic trainee Leaders. The project which isCruickshank, led one by of Naheed Scotland’s finest earlyspecialists. years’ Parents, music too, get involved throughand weekly child parent music classes. Through this scheme 576 music workshopswithin took the place nursery schools, and 192City music Halls workshops by within March 2008. C benefits and possibilities of this kindconversely, of of work, the but training and developmentassociated needs with it. Outreach requires different skills from musicians than concert performance. Scotland led the waystudents in and training established both professional musicians. The RSAMD offers a course dedicatedalso to integrates this training work, into and the curriculumstudents. available to all The sheer volume of work goingextremely on difficult to in quantify: this if field one makespublicly imagines it funded that organization each is creating atof least four a projects minimum a year, andorganizations that have the created truly far committed more extensiveprogrammes year-round of work responding to thedivergent needs sectors of of widely the population, oneof can the grasp degree a to sense which musicin is the woven City. into In the order fabric torange, of offer quality a life and more value concrete of sense this offlagship work the operation we in focus the on City. one City Halls There is no more tangible symbolwork for to the Glasgow importance than of the this CityBetween Hall’s the redevelopment. 1940s and 1980s thedecline, building and suffered ultimately gradual question marks werefuture. raised In over the its 1990s, a numberCity of came different together interests to in consider the itsSymphony future. Orchestra sought The a BBC new Scottish homeperform, in rehearse which and to broadcast. The City’s Musicsought Services facilities for its many youthMusic ensembles. Centre The needed Scottish a home forinformation its services. archives The and ongoing conversation betweenpartners the gave rise to a visionarybuilding, plan but not to only transform to it save intomedia the a musical state centre of which the should art functioninternational multi- both concert as hall, an and a vibrantkinds base and for at music all of levels all in the City. community pride; to well-being, quality of life and health; prevention; - stimulating regeneration by improving communities and - improving collaboration and teamwork, thus contributing - improving educational attainment; - encouraging diversionary activity and supporting crime - increasing employability; and - encouraging volunteering. These benefits are as relevant toany the other music form industry of as creative in activity,Scottish and Executive research has by found the that studentsmusic who at study standard grade level areand likely more to employable be than more their confident peers who do not. In recognition of these benefits, andthe in Scottish acknowledgement Government’s of policy of facilitatingEntitlement’ the of ‘Cultural all of Scotland’s citizensCouncil Glasgow have City recently launched the GlasgowPathfinder Cultural Project in 2007, with theparticipation objective in of music widening and other formsamong of disadvantaged cultural older activity people and otherrepresented under- groups. Since the 1980s the UK hasoutreach led work, the and field is in still this recognisedits as kind theory the of and leader practice in worldwide. both Oneachieved reason this it position has is that somusic many community members recognised of its the value andThe worth best early minds on. in the businesstime were and prepared resources. to Major commit composers suchMaxwell as Davies, Sir James Peter MacMillan and Judithparticipated. Weir Organizations both national and localtheir opened first outreach departments to supportadministratively, the to work fundraise and to lobbywider, nationally continued for support. The work has now been sustaineddecades, for and around the three depth of experiencegathered that informs has highly been sophisticated understanding of the

GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 32 GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 33 Grand Hall. Scrapers And Tooters - An intensivemusic-making weekend at of City orchestral Halls for amateurculminating musicians, in a fully staged concert in the be mentored by BBCSSO players introducing the symphony orchestra and repertoire concerts analysing great works in performance. using video-conferencing equipment as a wayproviding of two-way learning experiences to pupilsindividuals and in remote communities. Work has included general introductory workshop sessions for younger pupils, and more focused master-classes foradvanced more pupils. Pilot projects have alsolink included up a between live City Halls andSt the Luke’s, SETT and conference, New LSO York young people can upload their ownaccessed original and music listened to to be by otherPerformances visitors of to music the submitted site. to thetaken chart place have also sessions with leading composers and songwriters involved in the Scottish Music scene for pupils pupils including SEN groups offered to a talented individual specialisingEach in Fellow outreach. works within the Citydedicated Halls projects, to and create collaborate 2 with otherCity partners Halls. in - - RSAMD Player Mentoring Scheme - RSAMD students to - Making Tracks - Specialist concerts for children - Discovering Music - BBC Radio 3’s Discovering Music - Video-conferencing - Piloting a wide range of initiatives Scottish Music Centre - Composition Chart - Online composition chart to which - Composer Sessions - Presentations and interactive - Centre Visits - Visits to the centre for selected groups of Scottish Chamber Orchestra - Education Fellowship Programme - An annual fellowship alone had City Halls Learning and Participation which are available to the general public. pupils participants progress on to learn to play ‘cello and violin Kinder-Horn GES String Ensembles (Junior and Intermediate) GES Concert Band GES Orchestra specialist teachers. performance to mark the re-opening ofinvolving City communities Halls, of Dennistoun and Bridgeton students. In addition, the resident partners ofadditional City projects Halls of offer their own asthat part includes: of the programme Glasgow Education Services (GES) This department of the council ismuch responsible of for the delivering practical orchestral andavailable group to music young made people in Glasgow: - Voice Factory - weekend vocal sessions for P3 and P4 - 1st Experience Strings Programme - Voice Factory - Rare Instrument Programme - Instrumental instruction on - Weekend rehearsals for: - Teacher Training - Twilight training for specialist and non- BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra - Casting – creative project culminating in the first - Full Score Seminar - Composer seminar for tertiary Public Education Programme In addition to its more targetedopportunities work, within GCE the provide a variety of programme These have included after-school and eveningweekend activities, activities and holiday programme activities. Between January 2006 and May 2007,City the Halls projects Learning run and by Participation Department reached almost 4,500 individuals, many ofin whom projects participated requiring more than 8 sessions in the building. involved 70 young people in newopportunities musical worked with 2 trainees worked with 2 peer mentors shared the work of the participantsperformances through and displays given young people from musically deprived backgrounds access to high quality creative music-making opportunities The main aim of the projectlearning is experiences to for offer unaccompanied inspirational young music peopleGlasgow in seeking Asylum. A talented music professional delivers aprogramme varied of and musical tailored activity focusing onsong-writing various and aspects creative of music making tothe suit individual the participants needs and of the group.between Young people the ages of 14 andA 17 Music participate Technologist is in also the involved project. able in to the offer project and the is young peopleexperience the using chance state to of gain the hands-on artequipment, music equipping technology the participants with newthey skills can which apply to produce recordings of their original work. Achievements: delivered 130 workshops Experience Days: enable children and youngparticipate people in to top quality music educationThe activities. project provides the opportunity forpeople children to and see/ young hear professional musiciansperforming; rehearsing get and hands-on music experience (creative, instrumental or technology) and explore theCentre Scottish Music SEN Optimusic: The main aim ofOptimusic the sound project and is light to beam use systemopportunities the to for provide Primary aged children atSpecial all Educational of Needs Glasgow’s schools to accessthat music are in educational, ways fun and stimulating. Musical Bridges

GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 34 GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 35 Public Awareness The international impact of Glasgow Cityillustrates of how Culture effectively in Glasgow 1990 raises awareness ofcultural activities. its Glasgow has a superbpromoting track its record cultural in events, treasures, companies and assets both within the City andstrengths further which afield. make It it has more certain effectivecomparable than cities. many It is the centre of Scotland’sScottish media media industry companies and are most based major inThese the companies City. may serve the wholeinternational of market, Scotland but and they an naturally reflectriches the on cultural their doorstep. There is a massive and ever-changingmedia body – of blogs, informal personal websites, short-runmagazines specialist and newssheets serving niche musicalA interests. formal audit of these wouldit be would no be sooner out completed of than datedistributed, as go new bust, and titles are are launched, recycledHowever, at an a informal phenomenal survey rate. of 10an bars average in of Glasgow 13 yielded different piecesalone, of catering print to publicity markets of as this diversemusic, kind as jazz clubbing, and world rock.

Postgrad Music Degrees Awarded Music Postgrads

Undergrad Music Degrees Awarded Music Undergraduates equivalent to 0.7% of all employmentof in the the City’s City creative and and 12% culturalunsurprising workforce. when This one is reflects that fivesix of largest the music country’s industry employers areGlasgow, located and in over half of Scotland’s musicworkforce is sector based in Glasgow. and cultural employment in Glasgow (12%)Scotland than as in a whole (4.9%) output to the Glasgow economy, andScotland £143.4 economy. million As to with the employment, theaccounts music for sector a larger share ofin creative Glasgow and than cultural across output Scotland as a whole operation of arts facilities, which includesvenues, live has music grown rapidly in thequestioned, City. 25 Of experienced 29 an venues increase inbetween employment 2003 and 2008, while onlycontraction. four experienced a - The music sector employs 2,922 people in Glasgow: - The music sector accounts for a larger share of creative - The music sector currently adds £74.6 million worth of - Glasgow’s music sector is growing. In particular, the Postgrad Degrees Awarded Total Postgrads

Undergrad Degrees Awarded Total Undergrads 585 150 165 105 347 80 134 93 University of GlasgowStrathclyde University 15407RSAMD 11144 3308Glasgow Caledonian 3191University 4751 12000 4221 2663 3500 1892 >200 4000 95 <49 3000 <100 <21 16 <100 <95 5 <100 <16 <100 Economic Impact of Music in Glasgow In preparation for this bid, thePartnership Glasgow commissioned Edinburgh a study of theof economic music impact in Glasgow which isIt attached shows as that: an Appendix 1. Education and Research The was thefounded fourth in university Britain. to In be the 19thphilanthropists century, founded a a combination variety of of educationalto institutions complement it, many of themor with business a training specific objectives. commercial The UniversityStrathclyde, of Glasgow Caledonian University and theScottish and Dramato all these owe enterprises. their There origins are alsosuch specialist as institutions ,colleges and offering a specific number vocational courses. of The training above table shows the number of studentsinstitutions attending offering the music key education. On any given day you canclass enter musicians City and Halls small and children find sharingbuilding. this world- At visionary time of writing theare department managing and more partners than 40 differentat programmes based the hall, engaging with musicians of all kinds. LSO IYO UI 2008 MUSIC OF CITY GLASGOW 36

Through Glasgow City Marketing Bureau the City council Carling Academy and ABC both have imposing frontages BBC Scotland has capitalised on the vibrancy and sheer energetically promotes musical events of all kinds online and further down which cannot be ignored. volume of activity on its doorstep in Glasgow, and it has in print through regularly updated listings, on-street always been an excellent partner to musical institutions in advertising and other branding campaigns. Broadcasting the City. Whether offering Celtic Connections a national and Glasgow is the centre of Scotland’s media industries. It is international platform, broadcasting the RSNO, Scottish As many of the companies presenting events regularly in Opera and others on BBC Radio 3, commissioning new work Glasgow are of national and international status, most have home to national companies such as BBC Scotland and for Paragon Ensemble, or offering studio sessions to the excellent marketing operations of their own. Scottish Media Group; as well as numerous local radio stations, newspapers, magazines and websites that serve next generation of top rock bands it both invests in the The City is served by two highly effective publicity distribution more local interests. music scene and promotes it. organisations who disseminate publicity throughout the City Additionally, the BBC produces its own major events such as on poster sites and leaflet racks. BBC Scotland BBC Scotland has been an active and entrepreneurial Glasgow Music Live in1999 and the annual Proms in the 97% of all music organisations in the City have either their patron of the arts in the City for decades. Its headquarters Park. Its greatest single musical commitment is the BBC own website (many of them backed up with phone are located at Pacific Quay in Glasgow. It produces radio, Scottish Symphony Orchestra (see above) which acts as a assistance), or they are featured on such central resources as TV and internet output both for Scottish audiences and highly visible symbol of the BBC’s contribution to the the Scottish Music Centre website. more widely for the whole of the BBC. It has a commitment musical life of the City. Information services at the libraries and at the Scottish to reflect music making in Scotland. Its role in the Scottish Commercial Radio music industry has traditionally been: Music Centre offer regularly updated listings and other The following commercial and community radio stations are music-related information. - to reflect the best of what is going on, through recordings also based in Glasgow and cater for different sectors of the Many of the City’s venues occupy high profile sites within and broadcasts, comment and coverage. community. All broadcast music to cater to their specific busy and highly populated parts of the City. For example, - to identify and nurture new talent – many major Scottish target audiences. Some of these networks will be involved in Glasgow Royal Concert Hall is located at the junction of two artists were given important chances and exposure sponsoring and supporting major music events in the City, main shopping streets, Sauchiehall Street and Buchanan through BBC recordings and broadcasts. but few have a policy of recording and championing new Street: the venue’s extensive use of poster sites, as well as - to offer a varied diet of music programming, responding talent comparable to the BBC. massive TV screen (visible from 500 metres away) ensures to changing needs that all passers-by are aware of its events and presence. GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 37 It is also widely know asnot a least good with collaborator Edinburgh, and UNESCO partner, CityThe of Glasgow-Edinburgh Literature. Collaboration Project was developed in 2006 in order tothe develop two a cities, joint which proposition will for helpchanges to in deliver connectivity, business mutually growth beneficial and migration. The project was jointly developed byCity Glasgow of City Edinburgh Council, Council and Scottishoccurred Enterprise, as and a response to thecollaborations noted in successes other of areas, such including theBorder Oresund Region, Cross connecting the Danish Citywith of the Copenhagen Swedish city of Malmothe and Netherlands, the connecting Randstad the region cities of ofRotterdam, Amsterdam, The Hague and Utrecht. As will be seen in PartUNESCO III Creative of Cities in this bid, Scotland will thedeeper open presence and of the more two way extensive for partnership betweenutterly these different cultural centres, with thetheir potential to international impact magnify and usefulness many times. Kiss 96.3 Rock Radio Smooth Radio Saga FM Sunrise Radio Glasgow – the lung of Scotland’sThroughout Music this document we have notedGlasgow-based the musicians, national organizations role and of institutions. With so much of the musicGlasgow workforce inevitably based enjoys in significant the standing City withincountry the as a whole, and wieldsthan a other significantly Scottish larger cities. influence High profile events Please see Part 1 of thisand bid titles for conferred on a Glasgow full in listTime the of after past major time, 30 events Glasgow years. has demonstratedseize an opportunities ability and to to deliver resultsoriginal well expectations. beyond the Chill Clyde 1 Clyde 2 Heat Radio Of these the most prominent areairtime the is two dominated Clyde by stations; rock their andIn pop addition music to programming. their mainstream work,1 they Unsigned initiated scheme their which Clyde gives risingupload talents their a music chance onto to the website,and be – heard just and as promoted importantly - get honest feedback. Awaz FM Jazz FM Responsibility to the Management Group forto the day day management of the company,administrative financial management and and engaging other staff. responsible for the long term healthorganization of the rotating basis for 2 years. Whilenon-executive, still this essentially group will have anwork active closely role with and GUCM’s director toorganisation’s realize objectives. the It will meet regularly asgroup a (6 times a year) andon its by members the will Director be as called often as required and act as a champion of its goals and projects implement GUCM’s five year strategic plan 1) Trustees: a non-executive group primarily 2) Management Group whose 6 members serve on a Director GUCM will engage as Director aindividual, significant effective and at senior the highest levelsand internationally within Scotland. A detailed jobdeveloped specification in will due be course. The Director’sinclude: role will - - Represent GUCM both locally and internationally - Work to realise the objectives of the company and - Fundraise for GUCM. will recognise this; but Creative partnerships and initiatives GUCM’s will work entirely through partnerships and collaborations not as an independent production, funding or delivery mechanism. Its coreto activity catalyze, will influence, be broker, negotiate, promote and facilitate initiatives and projects that benefitGlasgow music both in at home and internationally. Structure GUCM will succeed in its aimsensuring most that effectively it by has the widestbrains, array skills, of ideas, knowledge, contacts and talentsGlasgow’s from music world at its disposal.exists There a already formidable assembly of topand people sympathetic committed to its objectives: thefor Steering this Group bid. This includes seniorof figures Glasgow’s from music every world part as wellthe as City representatives of Council, educational establishments, funding bodies, and other interested parties. Weto will continue invite their them association and formGroup a of core GUCM, Steering augmented by additionalas members opportunity arises. Two bodies will be drawn frommembership: the Steering Group Glasgow Role GUCM will function throughout the bodymusic of world Glasgow’s to improve its health,performance maximise and its ensure it seizes everyadvance. opportunity It to will belong to noguard one its kind independence of and music, neutrality but wellthat to it ensure can be a goodposition partner it to will all. be From a this constantand privileged source possibilities, of for proposals, whose ideas development itpartners. will find As will readily be seenmuch in an reading international Part city II of ofGlasgow music this UNESCO already. bid, Conferring City Glasgow the of is title Music very of (GUCM) The first outcome of receiving thecreation title of will an be organization the within thewhich City, the has kind not of been seen beforeUNESCO in City the of UK. Music (GUCM) GUCM will be constituted and registeredcharitable as trust, a and as a limitedaims company and to objectives realize of the this bid.versatile It organisation will with be low costs a and lean high and impact. It will win influence and respectdemonstrating by its swiftly effectiveness both within theitself City and also internationally – especiallycollaborations through with other UNESCO Creative Cities. the major reason for biddingGlasgow’s for music the could title be is yet that moreinfluential we successful, and believe impressive, international. that creative,

Part 3 Glasgow UNESCO City of Music

GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 38 GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 39 Local: In the course of researching thisindividuals bid, were organisations asked and what functions GUCMundertake could to make the maximum differenceAlmost in all Glasgow. stated that the Citywhich would took benefit an from overview a of body theto City’s spot music opportunities world and in possibilities, order facilitate collaborations and information sharing. National: Glasgow is a national city –music, it so is GUCM the will engine embrace of partnershipcollaborations and Scotland’s rooted in the City whichnation. benefit GUCM the will whole engage with suchorganisations national as the Scottish Arts Council,Government, Scottish BBC Scotland, Musicians Union, Scottish Enterprise and the National Companies (mostare of resident whom in Glasgow) to fosterbenefit projects to of Scotland. national In practical terms, GUCM will managestrategically its to partnerships ensure that its effortsmaximum are effect expended for to maximum benefit toThe Glasgow’s music. Director, in dialogue with thebe management group, responsible will for setting priorities andpartnerships managing Potential Partnerships exist at all levels: City of Glasgow (International committee &Scottish Culture Executive budget) Scottish Enterprise Glasgow’s Universities and the RSAMD Glasgow Edinburgh Collaboration BBC Scotland Scottish Arts Council Additional project funding might be sourced from: SAC / Creative Scotland Event Scotland Commercial sponsors Charitable Trusts and Foundations Partnerships There is such a high levelabout of the enthusiasm potential and of positive the feeling UNESCOGlasgow, City that of even Music in title the in processmany of different preparing partnership this possibilities bid have been suggested. Partnership with Culture and Sport(the Glasgow trust responsible to the Cityresources) for offers the many provision exciting of opportunities. There cultural isa also clear understanding of the potentialdescribed of in the these organization pages to enhanceCity the and musical to life bring of additional the advantages,membership through of the Creative Cities network. matters relating to the Trust. Funding We believe that many City organisationsextend will their be support ready to to cover theexpenditure estimated of annual GUCM. In the first instance, a 3Potential – funders 5 include: year commitment will be sought. - Report to the Trustees as required on legal and financial - To act as first point ofProject contact Managers with UNESCO. The Director will engage project managersGUCM’s to specific achieve goals. These will generallygoal-specific be posts; short individuals term, will be engagedspecialist for knowledge, their or specific skills appropriateproject on by a project basis . A secretary will be engaged to work with theOffice Director. In order to minimize overheads GUCMspace will with share other office music organizations withinoffer the of City: office an space has alreadymanagement been of made the by City the Halls whichbase would at offer the an heart ideal of Glasgow’s music scene. GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC 2008 40 In particular GUCM will nurture its partnership with own music far and wide. To a degree there is so much Free The Music - UNESCO Celebration 2008 MUSIC OF CITY GLASGOW Edinburgh City of Literature in order to maximise impact international exchange already that much goes unremarked. Within the first year of receiving the title, GUCM aims to and benefit to both cities. One aspect of GUCM’s work must be to raise its profile - present a major event in Glasgow to celebrate the title and to remind the City itself of its musical riches. In order to deliver mutually beneficial improvements to the Glasgow’s music. It will draw together many different two cities, the Glasgow-Edinburgh Collaboration has Working with the UNESCO Creative Cities network, partners on this occasion with the objective of making the developed a Prospectus for Action, and Glasgow’s Scottish Government and such bodies as the British event free and open to as wide a public as possible. application for UNESCO World City of Music status will Council Scotland, Scottish Arts Council, VisitScotland, This event will be taken as an opportunity for GUCM to support the deliver of three of the actions identified in this GUCM will champion all opportunities for international present its achievements to date and to announce future 41 plan, namely: music collaborations, as well as making the most of all plans to the press. - Promoting and discussing collaborative opportunities opportunities to promote Glasgow’s music internationally. with each City’s tourism action group; Special Project Plans - Identifying target events; and UNESCO Creative City Collaborations - Investigating how to extend benefits of major festivals and designations. An immediate goal for GUCM will be to encourage collaborations between Glasgow’s performers, music In addition to this, the status will also present the two organisations, festivals, promoters, schools and colleges cities with the opportunity to stage joint musical and and the their colleagues in the other UNESCO Creative literary events, which could lead to further benefits of this Cities. Plans for Travel Scholarships to allow young nature. The two cities already have a strong track record musicians from Glasgow to travel to Seville and Bologna in hosting joint events of this nature, for example: have been discussed. - In 2006, Glasgow’s Oran Mor staged 18 productions as part of the Edinburgh Festival Fringe programme; UNESCO Music Champions - The Tryptych Music Festival takes place annually over GUCM will invite distinguished and prominent figures in the three days in April, across Glasgow, Edinburgh and music world to become UNESCO Music Champions. Aberdeen; and Once created, these Champions will enjoy the title in - Edinburgh’s Commonwealth Pool is to host the diving perpetuity so that a body of distinguished advocates for competition as part of Glasgow’s 2014 Commonwealth music in the City is created. How these figure operate to Games programme. benefit music in Glasgow will differ according to their personality, strengths, genre of music etc., but their There is a robust belief that through a twin designation the commitment will be to work in line with GUCM’s objectives development and delivery of events of international and lend their status and profile to raise the profile of music significance will lead to significant new economic benefits in the City. Specifically they might lend their support to in Scotland. An important element of these benefits will be manifested in maximising supply chain links between - the creation of special music projects the Cities to support the existing asset base and grow - promotional campaigns relating to relevant initiatives and new businesses. projects International: - fundraising Glasgow is an international music city – it welcomes - acting as spokesperson for GUCM as appropriate musicians of many nations, and Glaswegians take their pedx1&2 & 1 Appendix LSO IYO UI 2008 MUSIC OF CITY GLASGOW Appendix 1 Appendix 2 Scottish Fiddle Orchestra Scottish Opera Orchestra Glasgow’s Government Music in Glasgow St. James Orchestra, Paisley (delete)The City of Glasgow Philharmonic Following the Local Government election in May 2007, Glasgow City Performing Companies and Venues Orchestra Council comprises 79 elected Members, representing 21 multi-member Companies of national significance based in Glasgow: The National Youth Jazz Orchestra of Scotland wards of 3 or 4 members. The current political make-up of the Council is: The RSAMD/GU Athanaeum Orchestra Royal Scottish National Orchestra The Songs for Lovers of Swing Orchestra Party: 46 Scottish Opera University of Glasgow Symphony Orchestra| : 22 Scottish Ballet University of Strathclyde Symphony Orchestra Scottish Liberal Democrats: 5 National Theatre West of Scotland Schools Symphony Orchestra 42 Scottish Green Party: 5 BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra. YouthWorks Chamber Orchestra : 1 BBC Scotland YouthWorks Orchestra Capella Nova The Leader of the Council, , is the political head of the YouthWorks Symphonia Concerto Caledonia Council, while the Lord Provost, Robert Winter is the civic head. YouthWorks Wind Orchestra Scottish Ensemble The City is represented in the UK Parliament by 7 MPs. National Youth Orchestra of Scotland Choirs Central Mohammad Sarwar – Scottish Labour Party National Youth Choir of Scotland 49 Choirs are currently active in Glasgow: East David Marshall – Scottish Labour Party National Youth Jazz Orchestra of Scotland Academy Chamber Choir North Ann McKechin – Scottish Labour Party NYOS Futures Aria Choir North East Rt Hon Michael Martin – Speaker of the House of Commons Glasgow’s Performers and Creators BA Applied Music Choir North West John Robertson – Scottish Labour Party Call That Singing! 123 Bands most of whom create their own material and arrangements. South Tom Harris – Scottish Labour Party Cappella Nova 27 Singer/songwriters working primarily in the rock/pop and folk sectors South West Ian Davidson – Scottish Labour Party Cathures - formerly Glasgow Renaissance Singers 79 Composers and composer/arrangers working primarily in the classical City of Glasgow Chorus The City is represented in the Scottish Parliament by 17 MSPs sector Clydebank Male Voice Choir my statement Anniesland Bill Butler – Scottish Labour Party Orchestras Choir my statement Margaret Curran – Scottish Labour Party 38 Orchestras are currently active in Glasgow: NYCoS Dumfries Area Choir my statement Cathcart Charles Gordon – Scottish Labour Party Eastwood Choral Society Academy String Orchestra - Scottish National Party Eurydice Choir Academy Chamber Orchestra Kelvin Pauline McNeill – Scottish Labour Party Glasgow Cathedral Choral Society Academy Symphony Orchestra Maryhill Patricia Ferguson – Scottish Labour Party Glasgow Chamber Choir BA Applied Music Orchestra Pollok – Scottish Labour Party Govan Gaelic Choir BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra James Kelly – Scottish Labour Party Glasgow Gospel Choir City of Glasgow Symphony Orchestra Frank McAveety – Scottish Labour Party Glasgow Hebridean Choir Glasgow Caledonian Strathspey & Reel Society Springburn Paul Martin – Scottish Labour Party Glasgow Gaelic Choir Glasgow Chamber Orchestra Glasgow Islay Junior Gaelic Choir Glasgow Region: Glasgow Festival Strings Glasgow Jazz Choir Bashir Ahmad – Scottish National Party Glasgow Improvisers Orchestra Glasgow Jewish Choral Society William Aitken – Scottish Conservative and Unionist Party Glasgow Schools String Orchestra Glasgow Lyric Choir Robert Brown – Scottish Liberal Democrats Glasgow Schools Symphony Orchestra Glasgow Orchestral Society - Scottish National Party Glasgow Senior Citizens' Orchestra Glasgow Philharmonic Male Voice Choir – Scottish Green Party Glasgow Sinfonia Glasgow Phoenix Choir - Scottish National Party Glasgow Symphony Orchestra Glasgow Youth Choir – Scottish National Party Helensburgh Orchestral Society (delete) GU Madrigirls National Children's Orchestra of Scotland Hutcheson's Senior School Choir National Youth Orchestra of Scotland Jordanhill Community Choir NYOS Futures Kedron Choir Royal Scottish National Orchestra Kentigern Ensemble RSNO Big Band Linn Choir Scottish Ballet Orchestra Milngavie Choir Scottish Concert Orchestra NYCoS chamber choir Scottish Festival Orchestra NYCoS National Boys Choir Nevis Amateur Theatricals 2008 MUSIC OF CITY GLASGOW Paisley Philharmonic Choir ((My statement)) The Nielsen Wind Consort 13 Amateur societies providing variety, music theatre and similar Queer Notes (The) Paragon Ensemble entertainments of different kinds. Royal Scottish National Orchestra Chorus The Pirasti Piano Trio Royal Scottish National Orchestra Junior Chorus The Rachmaninov Trio Apollo Players Russian Choir (The) Royal Scottish National Orchestra Brass Quintet Cecilian Society Scottish Concert Singers Royal Scottish Academy Brass Sextet Celebrated Gaslight Gaieties St Mary's Cathedral Choir Royal Scottish Academy Brass Glasgow Academy Musical Theatre Arts University of Glasgow Chapel Choir RSAMD Student Chamber Ensembles Glasgow Light Opera Club University of Glasgow Choral Society The Salon Orchestra Lyric Club 43 University of Glasgow Girl Choir Scottish Chamber Music Players Minerva Club University of Glasgow Music Club Choir Scottish Clarinet Quartet Minerva Youth Theatre University of Strathclyde Chamber Choir Scottish Ensemble Pantheon Club Vocal Fusion Scottish Ensemble Quartet Pied Piper Productions YouthWorks Chamber Choir Scottish Reed Trio The Savoy Club Glasgow The Silver Duo Theatre Guild Glasgow Bands Stanzeleit-Fenyo Duo Theatre South Productions 123 Rock and pop bands BA Applied Music Brass Ensemble Solo Performers 21 Jazz Bands BA Applied Music Guitar Ensemble 281soloists are listed in GCMD 44 Traditional and folk bands University of Strathclyde Concert Band 7 Dance Acts University of Strathclyde Small Ensembles 174 are classical musicians 31 Groups belonging to smaller or cross-over categories University of Strathclyde Small Ensembles 34 specialised in traditional music University of Strathclyde Small Ensembles 28 are DJs Ensembles Symposia 20 specialised in rock and pop 73 instrumental ensembles feature on the database, but this includes some Syrinx 17 specialised in jazz umbrella categories so the actual total is likely to be closer to 90. Bambi Tavares-Chen and Julien Nathan 8 offer miscellaneous genres including Country and Ghanaian drumming Ailsa Ensemble Terpsichore Duo Music Venues Athenaeum Brass Thistle Brass Quintet GCMD lists 200 separate venues which present music regularly in Glasgow. Ay' Flutin' University of Glasgow Brass Quartet BA Applied Music Guitar Ensemble University of Glasgow Contemporary Music Ensemble 13th Note Caledonia Brass University of Glasgow Wind Band 500 Club Chord `n' Blew University of Strathclyde Concert Band ABC Dunbartonshire Concert Band University of Strathclyde Improvisation Ensemble Adelaides Duo Stewart The Wallace Collection The Admiral Ecoute West Lothian Celebrity Winds Surely not Glasgow Alliance Francaise Enigma Brass YouthWorks Saxophone Quartet The Annexe Ensemble Elúcian The Blind Date Arches Theatre Four Hands On One Piano Cadell Quartet Ardrossan Civic Centre The Herriet Ensemble Canty The Club Martin Hughes & John Thwaites Eden Quartet Arta Intermezzo Flauti Animati Scotica The Attic Bar Invention Ensemble Glasgow String Quartet Baby Grand Jack Keaney and Jean Hutchison Glasgow Viennese Strings Baby Grand West Kedasuru Saxophone Quartet (Glasgow High School) Glasgow Wind Band Bacchus Bar Kelvin Ensemble University of Strathclyde Artists Early Music Baroque Group Bar 10 King's Park Brass University of Strathclyde Artitst Early Music Recorder Consort Bar 185 Lion University of Glasgow Early Music Ensemble Bar Bliss The Lydian Ensemble Concerto Caledonia Bar Bloc Morley Duo Barfly Glasgow The Morley String Quartet Barony Hall NCOS String Ensemble Beanscene LSO IYO UI 2008 MUSIC OF CITY GLASGOW Beer Cafe Glasgow Cathedral The NACDU Arts Centre Ben Nevis Bar New Kilpatrick Parish Church Bennets nightclub Glasgow Hotel Newton Mearns Baptist Church Blackfriars Glasgow Independent Studio Nice N Sleazy Blanket (formerly Bed/The Velvet Rooms) Glasgow Royal Concert Hall O Henrys Blue Dog Glasgow School of Art Students Association O'Neills Bon Accord Glasgow Science Centre Oko restaurant Borders bookshop Glasgow University Union Old Athenaeum Theatre Botanic Gardens University of Glasgow The Old Fruitmarket Bourbon Street Glasgow Vennel Museum Oranmor Cultural Centre 44 Box The Goat Orchardhill Parish Church Braehead Arena Govan Old Parish Church Panjeas Brel Bar Restaurant Govan Town Hall: TV and film studio/ rehearsal Partick Burgh Hall Britannia Music Hall Haggs Castle Partick Library Brunswick Hotel The Halt Bar Pavilion Theatre Buchanan Hotel Hardgate Hall Pearce Institute The Buff Club Henry Wood Hall National Piping Centre The Burrell Collection Hetherington Research Club Pizza Express The Butterfly and Pig Baptist Church Pollockshaws Burgh Hall Cafe Cossachok Hillhead Library and Learning Centre Pollok Community Education Centre Capitol Houston Inn Pollok Estate Library Carlibar Community Centre Hutcheson's Hall Pollok House Carling Academy Glasgow Hyndland Parish Church The Polo Lounge The Cathouse Ivory Blacks Port Glasgow Town Hall CCA (Centre of Contemporary Arts) Jordanhill Parish Church Princes Square Charles Rennie Mackintosh Society Headquarters Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum Provands Lordship City Halls Kelvinside Hillhead Parish Church The Quality Central Hotel The Classic Grand Kibble Palace Queen Margaret Union Clutha Vaults & The Scotch Corner King Tut's Wah Wah Hut The Queens Club Corby Hall The King's Theatre Ramshorn Theatre Couper Institute The Lane Renfield St Stephens Church Centre Crawfurd Theatre Hall The Ferry Cumbernauld New Town Hall Lansdowne Parish Church Ivy Dixon Hall Lauries Rockers Downtown Bar Bistro Liquid Ship Rowantree Inn Drumchapel Shopping Centre The Lismore Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama Eastwood Park Theatre The Loft St Aloysius Church Eastwood Parish Church McChuill's Straight no Chaser St Andrews in the Square - Glasgow Centre for Scottish Culture The Edge Bar McLellan Galleries St Columba's Church Lebowski's McSorley's St Francis Centre Elliots Bar Madness St Helen's Church Est Est Est Mas St Luke's and St Andrew's Church Fernan St Centre Merchants' House St Margaret's Episcopal Church Firewater Metropolitan St Mary's Cathedral Fury Murry's Michael Caines Restaurant St Mungo's RC Church Gallery of Modern Art Millennium Hotel St Peter's RC Church The Garage Mitchell Library, Theatre and James Moir Hall Complex Sammy Dows GilmorehillG12 Molendinar Community Education Centre The Scotch Corner - see Clutha Vaults above Glasgow Barrowland Ballroom Mono The Scotia Bar Glasgow Caledonian University Mugdock Country Park Scottish Exhibition and Conference Centre Glasgow Caledonian University Students Union Museum Of Transport Sherbrooke St Gilbert's Parish Church Shettleston Hall Drop Zone Records Record Companies 2008 MUSIC OF CITY GLASGOW Sighthill Community Education Centre Glasgow Jazz Services 12ft Wide Records Soundhaus Music & Dance Collective Glasgow Music Collective Alola Ltd. The State Bar Impel Music Group Amoebic Productions The 78 Jazz Glasgow Andmoresound University of Strathclyde Joy Promotions Arcana Records Strathclyde Students Union Kingsonic Promotions Art Threat Streetlevel Peter MacCalman Babi-Yaga Records Sub Club Keren McKean Beatcave Records The Tall Ship Robin Morton

Big Bang Records 45 Tchai Ovna Music Makers Bosque Theatre Royal PCL Buff Records The Three Judges R&A Music The Buzz Group Tiger Tiger The Shameful Phallic Hymn Catacol Records The Brick Slam Events Celtic Voices Tramway Sound Affects Music Ltd Records Tron Theatre Soundsfine Ltd Consume Tunnel Synergy Concerts Contribution Records Underworld Twisted Ape Promotions Corban Records Universal UZ Events Cosmos Original Productions The Vale Westbourne Music Creeping Bent Wellington Church Ziggy's Jazz Club Cryptic Audio Platform Music Festivals Debunk Music Ltd. Winter Gardens People's Palace Dicelines Woodside Hall Glasgow supports 24 well-established festivals which have music either as their Downtown Music Woodside Social Club sole focus, or as a core aspect of their programming. Drop Zone Records Music Promoters Castlemilk Music and Arts Festival Electric Honey Records Celtic Connections Emoticon/Headspace Chapelton Acoustic Music Club Emergenza Live Festival Fenetik Records Glasgow Folk Club Feis Oigridh Glaschu Five20East Records UK Glasgow Gaelic Musical Association Free RadiCCAls Flamingo West Records Glasgow Orchestral Society Glasgay Festival Flotsam and Jetsam Records Grand Ole Opry Glasgow Blues and Roots Festival Friendly Sounds Music for Granted Glasgow Fringe Festival GDANSK New Dawn Folk Club Glasgow International Jazz Festival Geographic Rowantree Folk Club Glasgow Mela Glasgow Underground Star Folk Club Glasgow Music Festival Green Pepper Junction University of Glasgow Music Society Glasgow River Festival Green Room Records Ltd. University of Strathclyde Music Society Illuminate Festival Records Westbourne Music In The City Iridite Acoustic Affair Inspirations Festival JazzABelle Acoustic Lightbulb Instal Keywork Records Babbity Bowster Merchant City Festival Kingfisher Records Big Bud Promotions MusicWorks KRL Records Big Groove Promotions New Territories Linn Records Bunkdada Piping Live! Lismor Recordings Ltd Cathouse Promotions Limited (CPL) Scottish Proms Lost Dog Recordings Death and Taxes Sufi Festival Luna Records DF Concerts Triptych Mayker Records Ltd Dicelines West End Festival Measured Records Downtown Music Merula Productions LSO IYO UI 2008 MUSIC OF CITY GLASGOW Micro Recordings Borders Books & Music Mint Blue Records Carbon Music Moon Music Classics in the City My Dark Star Records Drum Shop Glasgow Neon Folk Revolution Neon Tetra Records W & D Forrest NGM Records Guitar Guitar No Half Measures Ltd. The Guitar Store One Inch Punch Impulse Music Travel One Records Lost in Music 46 Oscarr McCormacks Musical Instruments & sheet music Pict Records Ltd Merchant City Music Play Records Monorail Music The Precious Organisation Music for Granted - sheet music Products of Society Music Zone Psychiatric Records Musical Swap Shop Randan Southside Music Red Monkey Records Victor Morris Rictus Records Wesley Owen Rock Action Records Zavvi Rub-A-Dub Artist Management Companies Sano Music Savalas Underground Developments There are 20 music management companies resident in Glasgow: Scotch Bonnet 1554 Management/ Dee Bahl Self Destruct Recordings Banchory Management Shoeshine Records Better Days Solemusic Industries Ltd. Bows Art Classical Music Management Solipsism The Buzz Group Soma Records Citybeat Management The Soul Rooms/Sound Control G R Management Spiral Records Gerry McManus Management Spit & Polish Green Pepper Junction Start A Riot Records Mark Hughes Sticky Music Hyperactive Music Management Trepanner Headmusic Company Interact Management International Tula Records Logan Arts Management UDiscs Megalomania Management Under The Counter Pitch Perfect Underdogg Entertainment Secret Music Vertical Records Slam Events Wallace Brass CD Label Symphonic Music West Nile Records Urchin Artist Management Music Stores Westbourne Music 23rd Precinct A-One Music Academy of Sound Alba Second Hand Music Avalanche Records The Band Room Biggars Music Appendix 3

GLASGOW CITY OF MUSIC

APPLICATION DOSSIER

SUBMITTED TO UNESCO CREATIVE CITIES NETWORK

JUNE 2008

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