DOCSLIB.ORG

Influences on School-Age Children's Milk and Soft Drink Intake

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Influences on School-Age Children's Milk and Soft Drink Intake INFLUENCES ON SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN’S MILK AND SOFT DRINK INTAKE by ARAX BALIAN Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation Adviser: Dr Elizabeth Madigan Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY January, 2009 i CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES We hereby approve the thesis/dissertation of ________________________________________________________Arax Balian candidate for the _____Ph.D___________________________ ____ degree*. (signed) __________________________________Elizabeth Madigan _______________ (chair of the committee) __________________________________Donna A. Dowling _______________ ____________________________Susan Tullai-McGuinness_ ____________________ ____________________________________Hope Barkoukis _____________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ (date) ___________November________________________ 14, 2008 *We also certify that written approval has been obtained for any proprietary material contained therein. ii Dedication This dissertation is dedicated to the memory of my father who would have been so proud of my accomplishments. It is also dedicated to my husband, Armand, who has provided me with his love and support and my children, Areen and Ayk, who have been the source of my inspiration. iii Table of Contents Page Table of Contents ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- iii List of Tables --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- vii List of Figures -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- viii Acknowledgements -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ix Abstract --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- xi CHAPTER I: Introduction ------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 Introduction ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 Problem --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 Background and significance --------------------------------------------------------------- 3 Milk and soft drink intake among American children ------------------------- 3 Effects of milk and soft drink intake on children’s health -------------------- 6 Purpose ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 Theoretical framework ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 Study concepts ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 15 Definition of terms ------------------------------------------------------------------ 18 Research questions --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20 Significance of the study -------------------------------------------------------------------- 21 CHAPTER II: Review of the Literature -------------------------------------------------- 23 Overview of Childhood Overweight and Obesity --------------------------------------- 23 Dietary Recommendations and Guidelines for Children ---------------------- 28 iv Cognitive development ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 31 School-age children’s cognitive development ---------------------------------- 31 Cognitive development, health beliefs, and food choice ---------------------- 34 Factors influencing school-age children’s milk and soft drink intake ---------------- 36 School-age children’s milk and soft drink intake ------------------------------- 36 Influencing factors investigated in this study ----------------------------------- 46 Other influences --------------------------------------------------------------------- 63 Summary for literature review ------------------------------------------------------------- 66 CHAPTER III: Methods -------------------------------------------------------------------- 68 Design ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 68 Setting ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 68 Sample ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 69 Sample size determination ------------------------------------------------------------------ 70 Sampling procedure --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 72 Measurement --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 72 Questionnaires ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 73 Outcome variables ------------------------------------------------------------------ 78 Influencing factors ------------------------------------------------------------------ 78 Covariates --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 82 Procedure ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 84 Pilot study ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 84 Main study --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 85 Data analysis ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 86 v Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 86 Preliminary analysis ---------------------------------------------------------------- 86 Analysis of research questions ------------------------------------------------------ 87 Protection of human subjects --------------------------------------------------------------- 90 CHAPTER IV: Results ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 92 Description ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 93 Demographic characteristics ------------------------------------------------------ 93 Description of eating behaviors and patterns of milk and soft drink intake --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 94 Description of study variables ----------------------------------------------------- 99 Preliminary analysis ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 100 Analysis of research questions --------------------------------------------------------------- 102 The Theory of Planned Behavior constructs -------------------------------------- 102 Gender, ethnicity, and BMI differences ----------------------------------------- 110 Summary -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 120 CHAPTER V: Discussion ------------------------------------------------------------------ 122 Discussion of Results ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 122 Description of eating behaviors and patterns of milk and soft drink intake --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 122 Analysis of research questions ------------------------------------------------------ 127 Prediction of milk/soda drinking behaviors ------------------------------ 127 Prediction of intention ------------------------------------------------------- 129 vi Prediction of attitude, Subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control ----------------------------------------------------------- 131 Gender, ethnicity, and BMI differences -------------------------------- 135 Implications for practice, theory and policy ---------------------------------------------- 138 Implications for practice ----------------------------------------------------------- 138 Implications for theory ------------------------------------------------------------- 138 Implications for policy ------------------------------------------------------------- 139 Limitations of the Study -------------------------------------------------------------------- 140 Recommendations for Future Research --------------------------------------------------- 141 Summary -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 142 APPENDIX A: Demographic Characteristics Form: Tell me about yourself-------- 144 APPENDIX B: 24-hour dietary recall for milk and soft drink intake ---------------- 145 APPENDIX C: Milk Intake Questionnaire ---------------------------------------------- 147 APPENDIX D: Soda Pop Intake Questionnaire ----------------------------------------- 154 BIBLIOGRAPHY --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 161 vii List of Tables Page Table 1: Summary of findings about school-age children’s milk and soft drink intake ------------------------------------------------------------------ 39 Table 2: Summary of relationships between influencing factors and milk and soft drink intake ------------------------------------------------------------- 47 Table 3: Ranges of the items in the Milk Intake Questionnaire from the Pilot study ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 75 Table 4: Ranges of the items in the Soda Pop Intake Questionnaire from the Pilot study-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 76 Table 5: Frequencies of demographic characteristics of the study sample ---------- 94 Table 6: Frequencies of eating behaviors and patterns of milk and soft drink intake ------------------------------------------------------------------
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Individual Responsiveness to Exercise-Induced Fat Loss And
    ©Journal of Sports Science and Medicine (2018) 17, 134-144 http://www.jssm.org ` Research article Individual Responsiveness to Exercise-Induced Fat Loss and Improvement of Metabolic Profile in Young Women is Associated with Polymorphisms of Adrenergic Receptor Genes Agata Leońska-Duniec 1, Zbigniew Jastrzębski 1, Aleksandra Jażdżewska 1, Waldemar Moska 1, Ewelina Lulińska-Kuklik 1, Marek Sawczuk 1, Svetlana I. Gubaydullina 2, Alsu T. Shakirova 3, Pawel Cięszczyk 4, Adam Maszczyk 5 and Ildus I. Ahmetov6 ,7 1 Faculty of Tourism and Recreation, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland; 2 Sport Tech- nology Research Centre, Volga Region State Academy of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism, Kazan, Russia; 3 Depart- ment of Propaedeutics of Childhood Diseases, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia; 4 Faculty of Physical Education, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland; 5 Department of Theory and Practice of Sport; Academy of Physical Education in Katowice; Poland; 6 Sports Genetics Laboratory, St Petersburg Research Insti- tute of Physical Culture, St Petersburg, Russia; 7 Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia (Greenway, 2015). However, a wide range of inter-individ- ual variability in weight gain and changes in body compo- Abstract The effectiveness of physical exercise on fat loss and improve- sition induced by physical exercises and diets is seen in hu- ment of aerobic capacity varies considerably between individuals. man populations which indicates the role of non-environ- A strong linkage exists between common allelic variants of the mental factors such as genetic modifiers (Bouchard, 2008; adrenergic receptor genes and weight gain, as well as changes in Eynon et al., 2013; Garenc et al., 2003; Leońska-Duniec et body composition.
    [Show full text]
  • Predictive Value of Relative Fat Mass Algorithm for Incident Hypertension: a 6-­Year Prospective Study in Chinese Population
    Open access Original research BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038420 on 16 October 2020. Downloaded from Predictive value of relative fat mass algorithm for incident hypertension: a 6- year prospective study in Chinese population Peng Yu , Teng Huang, Senlin Hu, Xuefeng Yu To cite: Yu P, Huang T, Hu S, ABSTRACT Strengths and limitations of this study et al. Predictive value of relative Objectives Individuals with obesity especially excessive fat mass algorithm for incident visceral adiposity have high risk for incident hypertension. ► Our study was the first study to reveal whether the hypertension: a Recently, a new algorithm named relative fat mass 6- year prospective study in newly invented RFM algorithm can independently (RFM) was introduced to define obesity. Our aim was to Chinese predict incident hypertension in Chinese population investigate whether it can predict hypertension in Chinese population. BMJ Open and compare its predicting power with traditional population and to compare its predictive power with 2020;10:e038420. doi:10.1136/ obesity- related indices. bmjopen-2020-038420 traditional indices including body mass index (BMI), waist ► We used a nationally representative sample and circumference (WC) and waist- to- height ratio (WHtR). a prospective design to investigate the predictive ► Prepublication history for Design A 6- year prospective study. this paper is available online. power of RFM for incident hypertension. Setting Nine provinces (Hei Long Jiang, Liao Ning, Jiang To view these files, please visit ► Physical examinations and biomarker measure- Su, Shan Dong, He Nan, Hu Bei, Hu Nan, Guang Xi and Gui the journal online (http:// dx.
    [Show full text]
  • Relative Fat Mass Index Can Be Solution for Obesity Paradox In
    Original research Postgrad Med J: first published as 10.1136/postgradmedj-2020-138926 on 11 December 2020. Downloaded from Relative Fat Mass Index can be solution for obesity paradox in coronary artery disease severity prediction calculated by SYNTAX Score Süleyman Çağan Efe ,1 Ali Karagoz,1 Cem Dogan,1 Zubeyde Bayram,1 Sedat Kalkan,1 Mehmet Sait Altıntas,2 Yasin Yuksel,2 Turgut Karabag,2 Burak Ayca,2 Nihal Ozdemir1 1Cardiology, Kartal Kosuyolu ABSTRACT define obesity to date, there is no consensus about Training and Research Hospital, Background The relation between body mass index its exact definition yet. In one definition, obesity is Istanbul, Turkey 2 (BMI) and coronary artery disease (CAD) extension introduced as an increase in the body fat percentage Cardiology, Istanbul Teaching 4 5 and Research Hospital, Istanbul, remains controversial. A new score was developed to (BFP). Body mass index (BMI) has been used Turkey estimate body fat percentage (BFP) known as Relative frequently to determine definitions for obesity Fat Mass (RFM) Index. This study aimed to evaluate limits. However, it is thought that it is not a suffi- Correspondence to the value of RFM Index in predicting the severity cient formula to determine the body fat described Süleyman Çağan Efe, of the CAD, compared with other anthropometric in the definition of obesity. This situation is mani- Cardiology, Kartal Kosuyolu Training and Research Hospital, measurements. fested by its inability to distinguish people with Istanbul 34865, Turkey; Methods A total of 325 patients with chronic different fat ratios even though they have the same scaganefe@ gmail. com CAD were investigated.
    [Show full text]
  • A Body Shape Index (ABSI)
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN A Body Shape Index (ABSI) achieves better mortality risk stratifcation than alternative indices of abdominal obesity: results from a large European cohort Sofa Christakoudi1,2*, Konstantinos K. Tsilidis1,3, David C. Muller1, Heinz Freisling4, Elisabete Weiderpass4, Kim Overvad5,6, Stefan Söderberg7, Christel Häggström8,9, Tobias Pischon10,11,12, Christina C. Dahm5, Jie Zhang5, Anne Tjønneland13,14, Jytte Halkjær13, Conor MacDonald15,16, Marie‑Christine Boutron‑Ruault15,16, Francesca Romana Mancini15,16, Tilman Kühn17, Rudolf Kaaks17, Matthias B. Schulze18,19, Antonia Trichopoulou20, Anna Karakatsani20,21, Eleni Peppa20, Giovanna Masala22, Valeria Pala23, Salvatore Panico24, Rosario Tumino25, Carlotta Sacerdote26, J. Ramón Quirós27, Antonio Agudo28, Maria‑Jose Sánchez29,30,31,32, Lluís Cirera32,33,34, Aurelio Barricarte‑Gurrea32,35,36, Pilar Amiano32,37, Ensieh Memarian38, Emily Sonestedt39, Bas Bueno‑de‑Mesquita1,40,41,42, Anne M. May43, Kay‑Tee Khaw44, Nicholas J. Wareham45, Tammy Y. N. Tong46, Inge Huybrechts4, Hwayoung Noh4, Elom K. Aglago4, Merete Ellingjord‑Dale1, Heather A. Ward1, Dagfnn Aune1,47,48 & Elio Riboli1 Abdominal and general adiposity are independently associated with mortality, but there is no consensus on how best to assess abdominal adiposity. We compared the ability of alternative waist indices to complement body mass index (BMI) when assessing all‑cause mortality. We used data from 352,985 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) and Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for other risk factors. During a mean follow‑up of 16.1 years, 38,178 participants died. Combining in one model BMI and a strongly correlated waist index altered the association patterns with mortality, to a predominantly negative association for BMI and a stronger positive association for the waist index, while combining BMI with the uncorrelated A Body Shape Index (ABSI) preserved the association patterns.
    [Show full text]
  • Silver Russell Syndrome to Expand the Endocrinol
    CONSENSUS STATEMENT EXPERT CONSENSUS DOCUMENT Diagnosis and management of Silver–Russell syndrome: first international consensus statement Emma L. Wakeling1, Frédéric Brioude2–4, Oluwakemi Lokulo-Sodipe5,6, Susan M. O’Connell7, Jennifer Salem8, Jet Bliek9, Ana P. M. Canton10, Krystyna H. Chrzanowska11, Justin H. Davies12, Renuka P. Dias13–15, Béatrice Dubern16,17, Miriam Elbracht18, Eloise Giabicani2–4, Adda Grimberg19, Karen Grønskov20, Anita C. S. Hokken-Koelega21, Alexander A. Jorge10, Masayo Kagami22, Agnes Linglart23, Mohamad Maghnie24, Klaus Mohnike25, David Monk26, Gudrun E. Moore27, Philip G. Murray28, Tsutomu Ogata29, Isabelle Oliver Petit30, Silvia Russo31, Edith Said32,33, Meropi Toumba34,35, Zeynep Tümer20, Gerhard Binder36, Thomas Eggermann18, Madeleine D. Harbison37, I. Karen Temple5,6, Deborah J. G. Mackay5 and Irène Netchine2–4 Abstract | This Consensus Statement summarizes recommendations for clinical diagnosis, investigation and management of patients with Silver–Russell syndrome (SRS), an imprinting disorder that causes prenatal and postnatal growth retardation. Considerable overlap exists between the care of individuals born small for gestational age and those with SRS. However, many specific management issues exist and evidence from controlled trials remains limited. SRS is primarily a clinical diagnosis; however, molecular testing enables confirmation of the clinical diagnosis and defines the subtype. A ‘normal’ result from a molecular test does not exclude the diagnosis of SRS. The management of children with SRS requires an experienced, multidisciplinary approach. Specific issues include growth failure, severe feeding difficulties, gastrointestinal problems, hypoglycaemia, body asymmetry, scoliosis, motor and speech delay and psychosocial challenges. An early emphasis on adequate nutritional status is important, with awareness that rapid postnatal weight gain might lead to subsequent increased risk of metabolic disorders.
    [Show full text]
  • Obesity-Related Cancers and Possible Mechanisms
    Published online: 2021-06-28 Review Article Obesity-related Cancers: The Coming Epidemic Abstract Ajit Venniyoor The world is in the grip of an obesity pandemic, with tripling of obesity rates since 1975; it is National Oncology Centre, predicted that one‑third of people on Earth will be obese by 2025. The health consequences of obesity The Royal Hospital, Muscat, are primarily thought to be related to cardiometabolic disorders such as diabetes and cardiovascular Sultanate of Oman diseases. It is less well appreciated that obesity has been related to at least 13 different cancers and in future, (with increasing control over tobacco misuse and infections), obesity will be the main cause of cancers. While this is an area of active research, there are large gaps in the definition of what is an obesity related cancer (ORC) and more importantly, what are the underlying mechanisms. To an extent, this is due to the controversy on what constitutes “unhealthy obesity” which is further related to the causes of obesity. This narrative review examines the causes and measurement of obesity, the types of obesity‑related cancers and possible mechanisms. The information has wide implications ranging from prevention, screening, prognosis and therapeutic strategies. Obesity related cancers should be an area of high‑priority research. Oncologists can contribute by spreading awareness and instituting management measures for individual patients in their care. Keywords: Carbohydrate-insulin model, gut microbiome, hyperinsulinemia, obesity, obesity-related cancers, sarcopenic obesity Introduction mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, fatty liver (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease The world of obesity is viewed through [NAFLD]), hypertension, and coronary the lens of cardiometabolic disorders.
    [Show full text]
  • As a New Estimator of Whole-Body Fat Percentage a Cross
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Relative fat mass (RFM) as a new estimator of whole-body fat percentage ─ A cross-sectional Received: 3 May 2018 Accepted: 9 July 2018 study in American adult individuals Published: xx xx xxxx Orison O. Woolcott & Richard N. Bergman High whole-body fat percentage is independently associated with increased mortality. We aimed to identify a simple anthropometric linear equation that is more accurate than the body mass index (BMI) to estimate whole-body fat percentage among adult individuals. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2004 data (n = 12,581) were used for model development and NHANES 2005–2006 data (n = 3,456) were used for model validation. From the 365 anthropometric indices generated, the fnal selected equation was as follows: 64 − (20 × height/waist circumference) + (12 × sex), named as the relative fat mass (RFM); sex = 0 for men and 1 for women. In the validation dataset, compared with BMI, RFM better predicted whole-body fat percentage, measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), among women and men. RFM showed better accuracy than the BMI and had fewer false negative cases of body fat-defned obesity among women and men. RFM reduced total obesity misclassifcation among all women and all men and, overall, among Mexican-Americans, European-Americans and African-Americans. In the population studied, the suggested RFM was more accurate than BMI to estimate whole-body fat percentage among women and men and improved body fat-defned obesity misclassifcation among American adult individuals of Mexican, European or African ethnicity. High body fat percentage (adipose tissue mass relative to total body weight) is associated with mortality1,2.
    [Show full text]
  • Effect of a Six-Week Intermittent Fasting Intervention Program on the Composition of the Human Body in Women Over 60 Years of Ag
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Article Effect of a Six-Week Intermittent Fasting Intervention Program on the Composition of the Human Body in Women over 60 Years of Age Przemysław Domaszewski 1 , Mariusz Konieczny 1,* , Paweł Pakosz 1 , Dawid B ˛aczkowicz 1 and Ewa Sadowska-Kr˛epa 2 1 Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, 45-758 Opole, Poland; [email protected] (P.D.); [email protected] (P.P.); [email protected] (D.B.) 2 Institute of Sport Sciences, the Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +48-77-4498247 Received: 18 May 2020; Accepted: 7 June 2020; Published: 10 June 2020 Abstract: The objective of this research was to determine the effectiveness of intermittent fasting (IF) in reducing body fat and lowering body mass index. An additional objective was to determine the feasibility of applying IF in overweight women over 60 years of age, which was assessed by the ratio of subjects who resigned from the diet plan. This study included a group of 45 women over 60 years of age. The intervention in the experimental group involved complete abstinence from food intake for 16 h per day, from 20:00 p.m. to 12:00 a.m. (the next day). The results demonstrated that the body weight in the subjects in the experimental group (EXP) group decreased by almost 2 kg and this decrease was visible in the remaining parameters related to body fat mass.
    [Show full text]
  • The Effects of Telenutrition in Overweight and Obese Adults in a Nutritional Center in Lima, Peru
    F1000Research 2021, 10:545 Last updated: 23 SEP 2021 RESEARCH ARTICLE The effects of telenutrition in overweight and obese adults in a nutritional center in Lima, Peru. [version 1; peer review: 1 approved, 1 approved with reservations] Carolina Castrillón Liñan 1,2, Jimy Henry Alvarez Mayorga 3, Michelle Lozada-Urbano 4 1Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Av Carlos Germán Amezaga # 375, Cercado de Lima, Lima, 15081, Peru 2Centro Nutricional Allikay, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Calle de las Artes Norte 269A, San Borja Lima, 15037, Peru 3Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Av Honorio Delgado # 430, San Martín de Porres, Lima, 15102, Peru 4South American Center for Education and Research in Public Health, Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, Av. Arequipa # 444, Cercado de Lima, 15046, Peru v1 First published: 07 Jul 2021, 10:545 Open Peer Review https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.53564.1 Latest published: 07 Jul 2021, 10:545 https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.53564.1 Reviewer Status Invited Reviewers Abstract Background: COVID-19 pandemic has been challenging for health 1 2 services and systems around the world, including Peru. A viable alternative in the telemedicine field to guarantee patient nutritional version 1 care is telenutrition. Telenutrition involves the interactive use of 07 Jul 2021 report report electronic information and telecommunications technologies to implement the nutrition care process with patients at a remote 1. María Del Mar Morales Hernández, location. Information regarding the experience with this methodology and its potential effect on patients’ nutritional goals, does not exist University of Florida College of Medicine, in Peru.
    [Show full text]
  • External Validation of the Relative Fat Mass (RFM) Index in Adults from North-West Mexico Using Different Reference Methods
    RESEARCH ARTICLE External validation of the relative fat mass (RFM) index in adults from north-west Mexico using different reference methods Alan E. GuzmaÂn-Leo n☯, Ana G. Velarde³, Milca Vidal-Salas³, LucõÂa G. Urquijo-Ruiz³, Luz ³ ☯ A. Caraveo-GutieÂrrez , Mauro E. ValenciaID * Department of Chemical-Biological Sciences, University of Sonora, Sonora, MeÂxico ☯ These authors contributed equally to this work. ³ These authors also contributed equally to this work. * [email protected] a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 Abstract a1111111111 a1111111111 Background Analysis of body composition is becoming increasingly important for the assessment, under- standing and monitoring of multiple health issues. The body mass index (BMI) has been OPEN ACCESS questioned as a tool to estimate whole-body fat percentage (FM%). Recently, a simple Citation: GuzmaÂn-LeoÂn AE, Velarde AG, Vidal-Salas equation described as relative fat mass (RFM) was proposed by Woolcott & Bergman. This M, Urquijo-Ruiz LG, Caraveo-GutieÂrrez LA, Valencia equation estimates FM% using two anthropometric measurements: height and waist cir- ME (2019) External validation of the relative fat cumference (WC). The authors state that due to its simplicity and better performance than mass (RFM) index in adults from north-west Mexico using different reference methods. PLoS BMI, RFM could be used in daily clinical practice as a tool for the evaluation of body compo- ONE 14(12): e0226767. https://doi.org/10.1371/ sition. The aim of this study was to externally validate the equation of Woolcott & Bergman journal.pone.0226767 to estimate FM% among adults from north-west Mexico compared with Dual-energy X-ray Editor: Cherilyn N. McLester, Kennesaw State absorptiometry (DXA) as an alternative to BMI and secondly, to make the same comparison University, UNITED STATES using air displacement plethysmography (ADP), Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) and Received: July 8, 2019 a 4-compartment model (4C model).
    [Show full text]
  • Diagnosis and Management of Silver–Russell Syndrome: First International Consensus Statement
    University of Birmingham Diagnosis and management of Silver–Russell syndrome: first international consensus statement Wakeling, Emma; Brioude, Frederic; Lokulo-Sodipe, Oluwakemi; O'Connell, Susan ; Salem, Jennifer; Bilek, Jet; Canton, Ana; Chrzanowska, Krystyna; Davies, Justin; Dias, Renuka; Dubern, Beatrice; Elbracht, Miriam; Giabicani, Eloise; Grimberg, Adda; Groenskov, Karen; Hokken-Koelega, Anita; Jorge, Alexander; Kagami, Masayo; Linglart, Agnes; Maghnie, Mohamad DOI: 10.1038/nrendo.2016.138 License: None: All rights reserved Document Version Peer reviewed version Citation for published version (Harvard): Wakeling, E, Brioude, F, Lokulo-Sodipe, O, O'Connell, S, Salem, J, Bilek, J, Canton, A, Chrzanowska, K, Davies, J, Dias, R, Dubern, B, Elbracht, M, Giabicani, E, Grimberg, A, Groenskov, K, Hokken-Koelega, A, Jorge, A, Kagami, M, Linglart, A, Maghnie, M, Mohnike, K, Monk, D, Moore, GE, Murray, P, Ogata, T, Petit, I, Russo, S, Said, E, Toumba, M, Turner, Z, Binder, G, Eggermann, T, Harbison, MD, Temple, IK, Mackay, D & Netchine, I 2016, 'Diagnosis and management of Silver–Russell syndrome: first international consensus statement', Nature Reviews Endocrinology. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2016.138 Link to publication on Research at Birmingham portal Publisher Rights Statement: Final version of record available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2016.138 Checked 2/9/2016 General rights Unless a licence is specified above, all rights (including copyright and moral rights) in this document are retained by the authors and/or the copyright holders. The express permission of the copyright holder must be obtained for any use of this material other than for purposes permitted by law. •Users may freely distribute the URL that is used to identify this publication.
    [Show full text]
  • Researchers Develop More Accurate Measure of Body Fat 27 August 2018
    Researchers develop more accurate measure of body fat 27 August 2018 uses only height and waist circumference measurements. "Our results confirmed the value of our new formula in a large number of subjects: Relative fat mass is a better measure of body fatness than many indices currently used in medicine and science, including the BMI," Woolcott said. For the first time, researchers examined more than 300 possible formulas for estimating body fat using a large database of 12,000 adults who participated in a health and nutrition survey conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Credit: CC0 Public Domain In the next step, investigators calculated the relative fat mass for 3,500 patients and compared the results to the patients' outcomes from a specialized, high-tech body scan called DXA, Cedars-Sinai investigators have developed a widely considered one of the most accurate simpler and more accurate method of estimating methods of measuring body tissue, bone, muscle body fat than the widely used body mass index, or and fat. The patients' RFM results corresponded BMI, with the goal of better understanding obesity. most closely with the precision of the DXA body scan. The new method is highlighted in a study published in Scientific Reports, one of the Nature "The relative fat mass formula has now been journals. validated in a large data base. It is a new index for measuring body fatness that can be easily "We wanted to identify a more reliable, simple and accessible to health practitioners trying to treat inexpensive method to assess body fat percentage overweight patients who often face serious health without using sophisticated equipment," said the consequences like diabetes, high blood pressure study leader, Orison Woolcott, MD, of Cedars- and heart disease," said Richard Bergman, Ph.D., Sinai.
    [Show full text]