Reporters’ handbook for Southern Chapter title 1

Reporters’ handbook for Southern Kyrgyzstan

This handbook is for journalists, by journalists. It is about ethical reporting – how to get the news and tell the news in a professional, honest and independent way. It pulls together the standards set by international news organisations, like the BBC and CNN, with guidance and tips from journalists working in southern Kyrgyzstan. It is small enough to slip in a bag – but big enough to cover the main issues we meet every day. Chapters one and two look at how to get a good story and where the pitfalls are: and how to tell it in a way that is ethical and ensures high quality. Chapters three and four focus on our sources of information – the people we talk to in interviews and at press conferences, as well as resources such as the internet. Journalism can of course be hazardous – both to the reporter and to the people he/she meets. So we have included a chapter on looking after yourself when you are out on a story, and on protecting your sources. These sections contain common-sense advice, rather than ‘rules’. As the internet plays a major role in today’s news business, chapter 6 highlights some key points on running a news website. At the back you will find some 2 Reporters’ handbook · Southern Kyrgyzstan 3

useful websites, such as NGOs and media groups in southern Kyrgyzstan and international resources including the BBC journalism academy in Russian and other reputable sources. There is also space for Contents notes and phone numbers. This handbook, which has been developed as part 1. Getting the story 5 of a project led by Saferworld to support civil society Honest news · Finding out · What makes a in Southern Kyrgyzstan to respond to the post- good story? · Allegation · Press trips conflict situation is a shared resource and work in progress. It is available in Kyrgyz, Russian and 2 Telling the story 11 Uzbek languages from www.saferworld.org.uk. Code of ethics · Truthfulness · Trickery If you have feedback, please email us at Language [email protected]. 3 Talking to people 16 We would like to thank all those people who helped The interview · Types of interview · The press us with the work on this handbook, and the UK conference · Vox pops · Protecting our sources Department for International Development (DfID) for the provision of funding. 4 Other sources 23 July 2011 Odna babushka skazala · The internet

5 Looking after yourself 25 Covering demonstrations, rallies and other outside events · On the story · Fixer-translator

6 The news website 29 Setting up a news website · Target audience Promotion · Visuals · Navigation Writing-for-web style guide

7 Resources and online training 34 Map of Southern Kyrgystan

KAZAKHSTAN

JALALABAD

Tashkent

UZBEKISTAN Jalal-Abad

Andijan

Osh Khujand Kyzyl-Kyya OSH

Kadamjai Sokh Batken KYRGYZSTAN

Vorukh Isfana BATKEN

Key Provinces

ThisDushanbe map is intended for illustrative purposes only. Borders, names and other features are presented according to common practice in the region – Saferworld takes no position on whether this representation is legally or politically valid. n n n n n n n n cannever We knoweverything astory. about Be hideawkward facts. Don’t numbers, for especiallycarefulabout example, for Be doeshe/she Think: againwith peopletellyou, what andcheck Check Take notes. Always. accurate! Be don’t sit Goodreporters first-hand. thestory Get aware of in ademonstration. participants aretrue. parts out which they’veexaggerate what tofind seenandheard–try another source. is, whenitissafetodoso. andreasonable around intheoffice. They goouttowherethestory interesting newsthereis. good judgment.It’s honest –andit’s alsothemost independent,andtoldwith Honest newsisfirst-hand, Honest news Getting thestory 1.

you what don’t really know, andtell theaudience. know?Oftenpeople •

5 6 Reporters’ handbook · Southern Kyrgyzstan Getting the story 7

TIP Be aware of your own opinions and Finding out prejudices – we all have them. Take time to think Sometimes we cannot be where the action is – we about why you chose that person’s story over have to rely on second-hand sources. another and challenge your own assumptions. Am I being fair? Am I being honest? These are n Get at least two sources if you can. These sources questions we should ask ourselves all the time. should be actual people you have spoken to yourself, whenever possible – not website quotations. n Don’t take what anyone tells you at face-value, Facts and Opinions. Facts are statements especially people who might have a specific interest supportable by proof. ‘That man is a baker’ could such as officials: challenge and question them. be checked, by asking the man, seeing the n Attribute. Tell us where your quotations come from bakery and so on. Opinions are usually points (but see also chapter 3, ‘Protecting our sources’). of view – ‘All bakers are good people!’ or other unproven statements – ‘That family is much n Use experts – but make sure they really are experts, richer than it appears!’ It is important to make not just people with opinions. When we report clear what is fact and what is opinion in your stories about science, medicine, the military and reporting. Making opinions look like facts can be other specialist subjects consult an expert to give dangerous. ‘It is possible that 100 militants are your reporting breadth and depth even if you do ready to cross the Afghan border’ is an opinion, not quote them. Stories about mining are especially not a fact. challenging for a non-specialist. So if you want to write about Kumtor, for example, learn some background knowledge.

TIP Take extra care in times of political tension or violence. What you say may alter the course of events, and you have a responsibility not to take sides. Be as accurate and balanced as you possibly can. If you do not know what is happening on the other side of town, say so. 8 Reporters’ handbook · Southern Kyrgyzstan Getting the story 9

What makes a good story? Allegation

Every day is different for a good reporter, because It’s part of a journalist’s job to investigate. All too each story needs telling in its own way. Keep a file of often though, libel laws can be misused against story ideas. Try thinking about… journalists who try to dig into wrongdoing – especially high-level corruption and fraud. This n Something fresh. Think of something new – maybe makes allegation a difficult area. about youth issues; or hospitals; or culture… n Context. We need to know why as well as who, what, n Allegation must always be made for good reason, in where, when. the public interest. It should not be used for political reasons or to damage someone’s reputation. n Detail. The little details make all the difference… n Don’t report allegation as fact. Call it allegation. n Research. Find out as much as you can before you start the reporting. This will give your story focus and n Say who is making the allegation, unless you have purpose, because you’ll know what questions to ask. overwhelming reason to protect your source (but see also chapter 3, ‘Protecting our sources’). Don’t use n Nuance. No story is black and white – bring out anonymous allegations, especially when the content some of the subtleties. is serious. n Truth – not sensationalism. n Don’t report allegations when you can see no n Balance. Present different aspects and points of evidence. If someone tells you ‘Mr X stole my car!’, view. ask for solid evidence before reporting it. n Give the other side an opportunity to answer any TIP Read good quality journalism as much allegations, as part of your story. If you can’t get as you can. Good readers make good writers. a statement from the other side, explain that you Some of the websites listed in chapter 7 include offered them an opportunity to respond. links to reputable news organisations. n Don’t break the law. Take legal advice before you publish your story. See chapter 7 for legal contacts.

TIP Keep accurate notebooks so you can always back up what you say. 10 Reporters’ handbook · Southern Kyrgyzstan 11

Press trips 2. Local and international authorities and agencies sometimes organise press events and trips – usually Telling the story to show you something they want you to see – for example, the official opening of a bulding. It can be challenging to find proper news in these – so work Code of ethics hard to make them useful. The journalist’s job is to tell stories truthfully and n Do thorough research beforehand. What might I see/ honestly. It is not to serve any other agenda. To tell hear that is of interest? Who might I meet? stories honestly requires ethical practice. If your n You should feel free to report your own story and paper, broadcast station or website does not have a question what you are shown. If you feel this code of ethics, perhaps it is time you decided upon freedom might be compromised, consider turning one. down the invitation. n Report all sides to the story in a fair way. n Feel free to find alternative voices other than the n Do not try to influence events or promote anyone’s ones offered to you, unless this would put you at risk. interests. n Look for unexpected interview possibilities. n Don’t believe someone just because they are your neighbour or friend… TIP Don’t waste your time chatting to n Distinguish between fact, and opinion. colleagues you see every day, or at the free n Make sure all your reporting is as first-hand and lunch… accurate as it can be.

• 12 Reporters’ handbook · Southern Kyrgyzstan Telling the story 13

TIP Think carefully about the images, music Truthfulness and other material you may use. Images and False claims have no place in journalism. They will actuality create the mood around a piece. damage your own reputation as well as potentially Think of the effect a sad piece of music has, or create conflict in your community. a picture of a crying child. What about a national anthem? or a war poem? Images and sounds n Sensationalism and ‘scandal’ reporting belong in the should be fair and balanced too. They must not rubbish bin. be selected in a one-sided way or edited to give n Don’t libel. To libel is to print or broadcast untrue a distorted account of events. Journalists have a statements of fact that might damage someone’s duty to use these effects responsibly. reputation. n Be true to the wider situation not just what someone tells you. If someone cannot substantiate what they say, it probably has no place in your report. n Plagiarism. Never cut and paste articles, clips and quotations from the internet or anywhere else without attribution.

TIP Look carefully at ‘evidence’. Often people cite newspaper articles as ‘evidence’ that something has happened, but it is not. Evidence must be first-hand. 14 Reporters’ handbook · Southern Kyrgyzstan Telling the story 15

Trickery Language

Tricks have no place in getting the story. The wording and tone that we use in our reporting is extremely important. It sets the tone of public n Never use material that has been given off-record. debate. n Never record phone conversations unless you have the explicit permission of the interviewee. n Racist or offensive language has no place in journalism. n Never use clips of recorded conversations without explicit permission of the interviewee. n Avoid loaded terms like ‘terrorist’; ‘wahhabist’; ‘fundamentalist’; ‘narkoman’; ‘our brothers’. These n Never use pictures or footage without accurate are lazy words that rest on assumptions. Tell us attribution. instead what that person has actually done or who n Never use material that is private – for example, they are. recorded phone-messages. n Specify ethnicity only when it is relevant. n Consider running your reports in at least two TIP Tricks can be dangerous as well as languages, so that no-one feels discriminated deceitful. Your news outlet should not tolerate against. For TV features or clips on the internet, any trickery at any level. consider subtitling. Explore the internet for subtitling packages. TIP If you want to keep your colleagues and friends, don’t steal their ideas… TIP Respect the multi-lingual, multi-cultural heritage of southern Kyrgyzstan. Don’t limit images, music, film clips and so on to only one language-group. Think broad. Culture is a shared resource everyone should enjoy. 16 Talking to people 17

TIP The reporter should not dominate the 3. report. The piece to camera should be subtle Talking to people and helpful.

The interview The piece to camera is the part of a TV story in which the reporter directly addresses the viewer. A good interview is the heart of a good story whether Use it to give authority to your piece, but also to it’s with a government minister, or a family burnt out give depth – some special understanding you of their home. Think – what are we trying to find out? may have gained by being on the spot.

n Be prepared – research as much as you can beforehand. n Be active – meeting someone at their house or office is much more revealing than speaking on the phone, as it tells you something extra about that person. n If the interview might be risky, meet somewhere the interviewee feels safe. n If you have reason to mistrust the interviewee, make sure your editor knows where you are and take a friend. n Don’t leave a driver sitting outside the building if you are doing a controversial interview – let him drive away – you can call him when you’re finished. n Have questions ready, but be prepared to change them. n Listen to the person you are interviewing. n Don’t try to influence the interviewee. Don’t put words in their mouths. 18 Reporters’ handbook · Southern Kyrgyzstan Talking to people 19

Types of interview The press conference

How you conduct your interview depends on who The press conference is an interview. It’s also you are talking too. We’ve all seen reporters letting a great chance to challenge officials and donor officials dominate the conversation – but giving organisations. ordinary people just a few seconds to speak! n Sit near the microphone and introduce yourself to the n An official – he/she is a public figure and should be organiser. questioned and challenged. This includes members n Always ask a question. of international organisations. Do not let them use n Have at least two questions ready in case someone your news outlet to promote their interests. else asks your favourite question first… n An expert. Draw out the expert to help us understand n Ask a question that will make news… the story in simple language. n Don’t sit down after your question – you may get a n The ordinary person. Don’t assume you know chance to query the answer. their story before they tell it. Be patient; show sensitivity. Ordinary people may have had traumatic n The top line in your story should pick out the most experiences. They may not be used to being in the interesting point – not ‘There was a press conference spotlight and can feel intimidated, so make them feel today.’ comfortable. Equally, they may be fed up of being in n Never, ever, report the whole thing – there is nothing the spotlight – if so, it may be better to find someone more boring. else. TIP Doorstep the participants to get a good TIP Think about your own attitudes, your quotation afterwards. language and body-language. Don’t shove a huge microphone in people’s faces! Equipment TIP Bring your business cards. The press can make people uneasy and is distracting. conference is a great opportunity to make contacts. 20 Reporters’ handbook · Southern Kyrgyzstan Talking to people 21

Vox pops Protecting our sources

Vox pops can bring a piece alive. They are great at Sometimes people have problems after the capturing public opinion. journalists have left. Police or security agents may trouble them, wire their phones and intimidate their n Ask a variety of people – young, old, women, men, families. It is up to you to protect people as much Uzbek, Kyrgyz and so on. as you can. This section discusses ordinary people n Take a few notes – it can be good to know people’s rather than politicians or officials. professions, ages etc. n Let the interviewee know who you are, what your n Ask open-ended questions which demand more news outlet is, how you are going to use the material than a yes/no answer. ‘What do you think of the new and who will see it. school?’ is likely to elicit a more interesting answer than ‘Do you think the new school is a good idea?’ n Be honest and accurate in your reporting of what they said. n Don’t try to influence. Never use the vox pop to gather praise for a politician, for example. n Never push someone into talking if they do not want to. n If the answers are boring … change the question. n Never betray confidential information. If someone is putting you under pressure to do so, make sure your TIP Edit out most of the questions afterwards. editor knows and any other useful authority – for No-one wants to see/hear/read about you saying example, a foreign embassy if your news agency has the same thing again and again. And again. international contacts. n Don’t give away sources’ contact details to other journalists without their permission. n Change names if necessary to protect people. Make it explicit that you have done so. n In film, shoot against the light or use other masking techniques. • 22 Reporters’ handbook · Southern Kyrgyzstan 23

TIP Sometimes people are brave because they are naive and journalists should not exploit 4. this. Don’t let them be rash. If you know they are Other sources taking risks, you should consider not using the interview. Odna babushka skazala

Rumours have always been with us. These days, with the rise of mobile phones, rumours fly even faster than ever before and journalists must be on their guard.

n Check and check again. ‘Her sister told me.’ ‘It was on the TV.’ ‘I heard it from an official.’ None of these are first-hand sources. n Follow the thread. Find out what lies at the root – it may be nothing. ‘I know for a fact that the doctor was murdered. How? My neighbour told me. How does she know? Her sister works at the hospital…’ n Be extra careful not to believe horror stories without rock-solid evidence. Never report allegations of mutilation, torture and so on without verification at the very highest level. Never imply responsibility. n Don’t speculate. The explosion at the hakimiyat might have been a gas-leak not a sucide bomber. Find out.

TIP Question yourself all the time. Why is he telling me this? How does she know? Where were they at the time? 24 Reporters’ handbook · Southern Kyrgyzstan 25

The internet 5. The internet is a great resource for journalists but it brings challenges too. It makes lazy journalists lazier, Looking after yourself and spreads rumour even faster… n Internet plagiarism is still plagiarism. Covering demonstrations, rallies and n Use the same standards for truth and accuracy that other outside events you would for any other source. n Check carefully any material you use from YouTube So you’re off to check out, first-hand, a rumour that and other open sites. Use date stamps, recognisable a huge demonstration is going on. Or perhaps there landmarks and so on for verification. is an election campaign rally. You want to be on the spot – but keep safe too. Before you go, make sure: n Mediate material. YouTube and other websites allow people to write pretty much anything – and n You know the risks as well as you can. Do you know get some libelous and offensive contributions. Very how to leave the place quickly? Think about what few of these interactive contributions are informative time it gets dark – you need to be home by then. or interesting. A decent news website selects and n Your phone and other equipment is always fully checks. charged and ready to go. n Your editor knows where you are and who you are TIP If you include links to other websites in with. your publication, choose truthful and reliable n You have arranged a time for a check in call – and websites. Everything you link to says something what the editor will do if the call does not come. about your organisation. n You travel with a partner. n The tank is full if you use a car. Think twice before travelling in a marked car, such as a UN vehicle. It can keep you safe – but it can also make you a target. • 26 Reporters’ handbook · Southern Kyrgyzstan Looking after yourself 27

TIP Many journalists are killed in car crashes, On the story with colleagues watching helplessly. Your office Take precautions to make yourself as safe as should invest in first aid training and a small kit. possible: Don’t be macho. You may need it. n Slow down for checkpoints. Comply politely with instructions to show papers etc. If security officers want to search the car, stand next to them while they do so. n Park the car facing away from the action so you can leave fast, without turning or reversing. n If you use a driver, he must stay ready to drive – no going off to get cups of tea. n Keep to the edge of the crowd, don’t get trapped. n Consider wearing a PRESS vest especially if you have a camera or microphone. A nervous soldier might think you have a gun. (Though there may be other times when wearing a PRESS vest might make you a target – there is no hard and fast rule.) n Consider putting your phone on buzz mode – you won’t hear a ring tone. n Work with your partner. Take it in turns to report, while your partner stands by you, back to back, watching for hazards. If you are concentrating hard, you won’t see the gun – but he will. n Don’t split up. If the crowd becomes dense, keep one hand on your partner’s shoulder or belt. n Agree on a meeting spot – probably by the car – just in case you are separated. 28 Reporters’ handbook · Southern Kyrgyzstan 29

Fixer-translator 6. When there’s a big story, foreign news agencies often come to town and you may be in demand as The news website a fixer translator. This can give you good contacts in international journalism and a chance to improve your skills by seeing how other reporters cover a Setting up a news website story. But it can be hazardous too. Foreigners may Today, having a high quality website to reach out know nothing, or make unreasonable or unsafe to your audience and spread the news is crucial demands. as more and more people resort to accessing n Get a written contract, specifying a day rate and what information and news over the internet. There are will be covered – e.g. your phone bill, cars, taxis, food some things to consider to ensure that the website is and accommodation etc. Better to agree now than high quality and is used by the people we want it to argue later. reach. n Make sure you both know what is expected. To set up a website, you will need: n Be flexible – but firm. If you think going to village x is n A relevant domain name that makes clear what the too dangerous after dark, don’t go. site is about: KyrgyzstanNews.org is clear, KN.org n Don’t assume that the visiting journalist understands is not. the risks. n A server to host your data. n Alert foreign journalists to risks they might encounter, n A content management system to develop your site. but also to risks they might put others at through their reporting. They might not be aware of them – and while they can leave, you and their interviewees have TIP If you are on a limited budget use a to stay! free content management system such as http://wordpress.org/ n See if you can write a story, or take photographs, for your own outlet at the same time. Clarify this in your contract beforehand to avoid trouble later. 30 Reporters’ handbook · Southern Kyrgyzstan The news website 31

Target audience Promotion

Before deciding on the content and design of the So you have set up your website, but how do you get website, ask yourself who you want to reach, and the news out there that it exists? what your audience will expect from the website: n Direct people to your website from newsletters, n Who do you want to reach? why? reports and emails. n What information does your audience want? n Ensure your organisation appears high up on search n What will they do as a result of visiting the site? engines. (donate/campaign/learn?) n Connect with your community on Facebook. n Ask partners to link to you from their sites. TIP You can help target your audience n Bring people to your site through RSS feeds and by tracking visitor trends using e-newsletters. www.google.com/analytics TIP In some countries Google grants gives free ad words to not for profits to promote their sites www.google.co.uk/grants 32 Reporters’ handbook · Southern Kyrgyzstan The news website 33

Visuals Writing-for-web style guide

As with conventional newspapers, visual elements High quality news means high quality texts, whether are important in attracting attention, but also bringing in a newspaper or on the web. Good text is: your message across. n Well organised in short sections. n Use good, strong images to keep audience engaged n Clearly laid out with highlighted key words and bullet – but think carefully about what images you use and points. why (see chapter 2, ‘Code of ethics’). n In simple language. n Keep it simple. n Talks to the reader directly using ‘you’ and ‘we’ whenever possible. TIP Look at other sites for inspiration and n Helpful, human and polite. compile a list of features you want on your site.

TIP Think about what languages you need. Navigation See www.plainenglish.co.uk for more advice about writing for the web in English. Your readers want to know where they can find the information they are looking for. So,

n It should be easy to find your way around the site. n Understand what your audience wants from your website and structure it around this. n Not too many tabs – keep it clear and simple.

TIP Use the 3 click rule – The user should always find the information they need within 3 clicks of entering the site. 34 Resources and online training 35

7. Human Rights Advocacy Centre (HRAC) – NGO Resources association which monitors trials, runs seminars and puts out a newsletter called Bulletin of Law. If you are in need and online training of legal advice, you can visit or contact them at: 273 ul Lenin str, Osh 723500 Tel/Fax +996 3222 20130, 49601, 28070 This handbook is not exhaustive. There is much more www.advocacy.kg · [email protected] information and material available to help reporters Spravdelivost – A well-known human rights network tell good stories in a fair and ethical way. Here are based in Jalalabad. It monitors trials, abductions and other some useful links and resources. abuses. Tel +996 3722 21718 NGOS and media organisations in Kyrgyzstan Voice of Freedom, Central – Information and Media Policy Institute – An independent non-commercial analysis on human rights across . organisation that works towards developing of free 204 ul. Abdrakhmanov, Bishkek 720040 information space in Kyrgyzstan. Tel +996 773 433465, 433501 · Fax +996 312 620830 189/1, appart 4, Tynystanov Street, Bishkek, 720044, www.vof.kg · [email protected] Kyrgyzstan Web-blog: golossvobody.kloop.kg Tel +996 312 908360, 908361 The Kyrgyz Committee for Human Rights www.media.kg · [email protected] Tel +966 312 66 2515 Osh Media Resource Center (also in Jalalabad and other www.kchr.org · [email protected] locations) Kyrgyzstan Bureau on Human Rights and Rule of Law 271, Kurmanzhan-Datka Street, Osh, 714000, Kyrgyzstan Tel +996 312 211874 Tel +996 3222 20858 · Fax +996 3222 55259 [email protected] www.oshmedia.kg · [email protected], [email protected] Human Rights Centre “Citizens Against Corruption” Foundation for Tolerance International (FTI) – A non- governmental organisation working on conflict prevention, Tel Bishkek: +996 312 314 238 · Osh: +996 3222 23909 peace building and justice in Central Asia. www.anticorruption.kg Tel +996 312 644360 Human Rights Centre “Kylym Shamy” www.fti.org.kg · [email protected] Tel Bishkek: +996 312 351 851 · Osh: +996 3222 21822 www.ksh.kg · [email protected] 36 Reporters’ handbook · Southern Kyrgyzstan Resources and online training 37

Legal Clinic “ADILET” Saferworld Tel +996 312 653513 Reporting on small arms and light weapons: A resource www.adilet.kg · [email protected] pack for journalists www.saferworld.org.uk/smartweb/resources/view- Kloop.kg – News blogging network including audio and resource/50 news uploaded by Youth of Osh. Manas avenue 40, office 326, Bishkek Conflict sensitive approaches to development, humanitarian Tel +996 312 613 assistance and : A resource pack www.kloop.kg · [email protected] www.saferworld.org.uk/smartweb/resources/view- resource/148 International resources and manuals Committee to Protect Journalists A Guide to reporting in dangerous Situations Centre for Journalism in Extreme Situations – Advice, www.cpj.org/reports/2003/10/safety29oct03na.php training and new thinking on journalism in former Soviet countries. Includes textbook and other material by Mark Mass Media Defence Centre Grigoryan and other well-known journalists. www.mmdc.ru/ 102 Zubovsky Bulvar 4, Moscow 119992, Russia International Federation of Journalists Tel +7 495 637 7626, 3550 · Fax +7 495 637 7626 www.ifj.org www.cjes.ru BBC training in Russian and English at CoJo IWPR – International news and training opportunities International – Online courses and advice on a huge range www.iwpr.net/ru of issues, from ethics to HD cameras. Front Line – Solid resources on security and protection, www.bbc.co.uk/journalism/intl/russian including digital security. The Open Society Documentary Photography www.frontlinedefenders.org/about/frontline Project – Annual grant and training opportunity for Reporters without Borders – Material and advice on documentary photographers from Central Asia, the South safety of journalists working in war zones or dangerous , Afghanistan, Mongolia, and . areas. www.soros.org www.rsf.org/ IMPACS/International Media Support Handbook on conflict sensitive journalism www.i-m-s.dk/files/publications/IMS_CSJ_Handbook.pdf This handbook is for journalists, by journalists. It pulls together the standards set by international news organisations, like the BBC and CNN, with guidance and tips from journalists working in southern Kyrgyzstan. Saferworld works to prevent and reduce violent conflict and promote co-operative approaches to security. We work with governments, international organisations and civil society to encourage and support effective policies and practices through advocacy, research and policy development and through supporting the actions of others.

Funded by UKaid from the Department for International Development. The contents of the publication are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of DFID.

Saferworld · The Grayston Centre, 28 Charles Square, N1 6HT UK Phone: +44 (0)20 7324 4646 · Fax: +44 (0)20 7324 4647 Email: [email protected] · Web: www.saferworld.org.uk Registered charity no. 1043843 A company limited by guarantee no. 3015948