H7946 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 may have 5 legislative days in which to retiring and will congratulate them for International Monetary Fund that revise and extend their remarks on the their tremendous contributions. business can no longer be transacted as bill (H.R. 4569) making appropriations I want to begin, Mr. Chairman, with it has been in the past. for foreign operations, export financ- some basic figures. This bill is $3.5 mil- ing, and related programs for the fiscal lion below the subcommittee’s alloca- b 1330 year ending September 30, 1999, and for tion of $12.4 billion in budget authority other purposes, and that I may include and within our outlay allocation. We And they are going to have to be tabular and extraneous material. also have brought a bill that is $315 more accountable. They are going to The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. million below last year’s level and $1.1 have to be more transparent. But we LAHOOD). Is there objection to the re- billion below what the President has have denied the President’s request for quest of the gentleman from Alabama? requested to run foreign operations for the additional $13.5 billion for the There was no objection. the fiscal year 1999. International Monetary Fund. f There are some who might rightfully Now, I do not have to remind Mem- FOREIGN OPERATIONS, EXPORT argue this is not a sufficient amount of bers that the United States is facing a FINANCING, AND RELATED PRO- money for the President, and I regret series of profound policy changes at GRAMS APPROPRIATIONS ACT, that. However, I do not determine the this time. The economies of Asia and 1999 amount of money that will be made Russia are in disarray and, as we have available. This is done by other au- seen in the last couple of days, the The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- thorities, and they have allocated a economy in South America, with Brazil ant to House Resolution 542 and rule designated amount. But it is a respon- and Peru and others, is beginning to XXIII, the Chair declares the House in sible bill with the amount of monies we have some problems. And we are going the Committee of the Whole House on had to work with, and I regret that we to have to be a participant in the sal- the State of the Union for consider- cannot fulfill the President’s request vation of this economy, a participant ation of the bill, H.R. 4569. for all the monies he wants for all of that will allow them to keep their dol- b 1323 the programs he wants. But the Presi- lar afloat and to act in a responsible dent and the executive branch of gov- IN THE COMMITTEE OF THE WHOLE manner. But without giving them indi- Accordingly the House resolved itself ernment ought to be happy that this subcommittee has not tried to tie their cation that there have to be some into the Committee of the Whole House changes in their fiscal policies, they on the State of the Union for the con- hands, have not dictated to them how every penny will be spent. are not going to have a sufficient sideration of the bill (H.R. 4569) mak- amount of money in which to do it. ing appropriations for foreign oper- There is not one dime in this bill ear- ations, export financing, and related marked, and I think that is a com- We do not dictate, as I said, to the programs for the fiscal year ending pliment to the committee and to the Secretary of State what she should do. September 30, 1999, and for other pur- full committee, and I think it is the We did not tell the President exactly poses, with Mr. THORNBERRY in the right way to go in making certain we what he should do with every penny. chair. give the executive branch the constitu- We give him as much latitude as we The Clerk read the title of the bill. tional authority they need by not tell- possibly can. There are some areas we The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to the ing them how every penny will be have taken extreme disagreement with. rule, the bill is considered as having spent. For instance, the gentleman from Lou- been read the first time. For the first time in history, Mr. isiana (Mr. LIVINGSTON) and I are firm- Under the rule, the gentleman from Chairman, we are reducing aid to ly convinced that we ought to move be- Alabama (Mr. CALLAHAN) and the gen- Israel. Many would say, why are we yond the current policy of the Korean tlewoman from California (Ms. PELOSI), doing that? We are doing that because Energy Development Corporation, each will control 30 minutes. Prime Minister Netanyahu informed us KEDO. here in this body that the economy of The Chair recognizes the gentleman I have said from the beginning that Israel is such that it is time to look at from Alabama (Mr. CALLAHAN). KEDO is an irresponsible policy that Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I responsible fiscal policy and recognize we never should have entered into in yield myself such time as I may con- that the United States is not in an en- the first place. But the administration sume. titlement position for Israel. The gov- I am pleased to open general debate ernment has cooperated, the govern- chose to do it, and we have funded it today on H.R. 4569, the fiscal year 1999 ment of Israel has cooperated in this for the last 4 or 5 years, but it is time Foreign Operations, Export Financing first-time ever reduction in economic to take a serious look at KEDO, espe- and Related Programs appropriations support to Israel. So it does include the cially in light of the fact they are now bill. first reduction to Israel, and I am shooting missiles over Japan and indi- This will be the last appropriation happy to have received the cooperation cations are that they have missiles bill, Mr. Chairman, for two distin- of so many people, both in the Congress that very possibly could reach Alaska. guished members of our subcommittee and the Israeli government, in making With respect to some of the problems and the Committee on Appropriations. certain that we handle foreign oper- taking place in the Caucasus, we want I am speaking of the gentleman from ations in a very fiscally responsible to help Armenia, we want to help Geor- Illinois (Mr. YATES) and the gentleman manner. gia, but we recognize there is a policy from California (Mr. TORRES), who are I might also point out, Mr. Chair- in effect, called the section 907 policy, leaving after this session of Congress man, that the appropriation is less that is causing tremendous problems to and going on to retirement. than 1 percent of the total amount of Azerbaijan and to people in America Mr. Chairman, I cannot help but money we will appropriate for 1999. who are trying to do business in Azer- point out that these two Members have Many people in this country think baijan. And I am happy that the chair- not only served with distinction on maybe we spend 20 percent of our man of our committee offered an this subcommittee, but with the entire money on foreign aid, but that is not amendment in full committee which Congress throughout their careers. the case. Next year it will be some- passed with a pretty good vote which The gentleman from Illinois (Mr. where below 1 percent. So we are not lifted the 907 restrictions. YATES), for example, has been a mem- spending a lot of money for foreign aid, So we have a good bill. And I know ber of this subcommittee since its in- but we are doing it in a very, very re- that many Members had many amend- ception. He was here when they de- sponsible manner. bated the Marshall Plan, and he has Also Members will note that we have ments they wanted to offer today, but made a tremendous contribution to not included the President’s request for I am pleased that the Committee on this committee and to the people of the the full $18 billion for the IMF. We Rules gave us a rule which I think is United States and, indeed, the world, have included the $3.5 billion. We have fair, to pass a bill that I think is fis- with the many contributions he has also included some reform measures cally responsible. made. So I am sure that my colleagues that we and the Committee on Banking Mr. Chairman, I submit for the join with me in expressing our best and Financial Services felt were nec- RECORD documentary materials regard- ever to these two gentlemen who are essary, a message being sent to the ing this bill. September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7947 H7948 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7949 H7950 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998

Tables printed on page 98 of House Report Alabama (Mr. CALLAHAN). At the start, We also have strong human rights’ 105–719, the report to accompany the FY 1999 I want to commend him for the manner advocates on the committee from both Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and in which he put the bill together. Al- sides of the aisle. Related Program Appropriations Bill, were though we disagree on some of the pro- We have issues like IMF, where there printed with errors. The following are cor- rections to those sections of the report: visions in the bill, he was very open are Democrats and Republicans on one and accommodating whenever it was side of the issue and on the other side COMPARISON WITH BUDGET RESOLUTION possible for him to be on some of the of the issue as well. So we are used to Section 308(a)(1)(A) of the Congressional working cooperatively in a bipartisan Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 initiatives from our side of the aisle. (Public Law 93–344), requires that the report I also want to commend our chair- manner. accompanying a bill providing new budget man of the full committee, the gen- Our chairman traditionally likes to authority contain a statement detailing how tleman from Louisiana (Mr. LIVING- give to the executive branch, to the the authority compares with the reports sub- STON), for the manner in which he con- President, the prerogative to have as mitted under section 302(b) of the Act for the ducted the full committee on this leg- much flexibility as possible. At least most recently agreed to concurrent resolu- islation and his openness. But we have that is normally what the practice has tion on the budget for the fiscal year. This some very serious policy disagreements been. Not so in this bill. information follows: that I will discuss in a moment. First and foremost, I oppose the leg- islation because I do not think it rises, FISCAL YEAR 1999 APPROPRIATIONS First, in addition to praising my dis- tinguished colleagues on the other side in terms of its vision and its resources, [Dollars in millions] of the aisle, I want to join the gen- to the challenge that our country faces Budget tleman from Alabama in commending as the sole global leader of the world. I author- Outlays also think those resources which are, ity our two Members who have served so well and who will be leaving the Con- as the chairman mentioned, $315 mil- Sec. 302(b): gress this year. This will be their last lion below fiscal year 1998 and a full Discretionary ...... 12,475 12,525 Mandatory ...... 45 45 foreign ops bill. $1.1 billion below the President’s re- First of all, the gentleman from Illi- quest, greatly reduces the President’s Total ...... 12,520 12,570 This bill: nois (Mr. YATES); Chairman YATES, flexibility with the narrowing of those Discretionary ...... 16,184 12,546 Ranking Member YATES. In the full resources. Mandatory ...... 45 45 committee I mentioned that he has I am concerned that just $3.5 billion Total ...... 16,229 12,591 been hailed as a great mentor, legisla- instead of the full $18 billion for the tor, leader, thinker, intellect. But I IMF has been included in this legisla- FIVE-YEAR PROJECTION OF OUTLAYS wanted to commend him as a great pa- tion. And as I mentioned during the de- In compliance with section 302(a)(1)(B) of bate on the rule, I am very concerned the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (Public triot because of his work as chair of Law 93–344 as amended), the following table the Interior Committee and then as about the lack of opportunity for us to contains five-year projections associated ranking member on the subcommittee. debate the IMF. There were 12 amend- with the budget authority provided in the He was a great patriot in protecting ments coming from both sides of the accompanying bill. the natural resources of our great aisle on the IMF, and the Committee Fiscal year 1999 appropriations country, the cultural heritage of our on Rules rejected every one of them. country, and the freedom of expression The whole world is wondering how we Millions Budget authority ...... 16,229 of our constitution. For all of that, we are going to deal with the economic Outlays ...... 12,591 are most grateful to him. crisis in Asia. Is the IMF the appro- Fiscal Year: And the gentleman from California priate way to go? Regardless of what 1999 ...... 4,896 (Mr. TORRES) had a resume before he side we are on on that issue, this House 2000 ...... 3,065 came to Congress that served him well should be debating that issue. And the 2001 ...... 2,319 here, and indeed served our entire idea we can put $14.5 billion into the 2002 ...... 914 2003 and future years ...... 1,562 country as a diplomat; an ambassador. bill in conference, I think is really un- Since the submission of House Report 105– He also brought the fighting spirit of fair to the Members. And, really, it is 719, the Chairman of the Committee on the the labor movement and the commit- an insult to the intelligence of the Budget has provided an increased section ment of a strong Democrat. His diplo- American people that this body cannot 302(a) allocation consistent with funding pro- matic skills as an ambassador and as have a debate on a subject of grave vided in H.R. 4569 for New Arrangements to part of our delegation will be missed concern, that is the economic stability Borrow and arrearages for multilateral de- greatly. This Congress will miss his ex- of the world. velopment banks. House Report 105–722, sub- pertise in many areas, including his As far as the allocation of funds, my mitted by the Chairman of the Committee on concern about the number, the $315 Appropriations, subsequently increased the knowledge of this hemisphere and his section 302(b) allocation for the Foreign Op- leadership on issues of concern to our million below last year’s request, erations Subcommittee. The following table country. springs from some of the unrest that is shows that the bill is within the revised allo- Mr. Chairman, the service of both of out there in our fragile new democ- cation: these gentlemen will be missed and I racies. As we all know, the economy of will certainly miss their votes on our Russia is in a very depressed state. FISCAL YEAR 1999 APPROPRIATIONS committee. Russia happens to be the leading mar- [Dollars in millions] This bill, I think, should be what it ket for exports from some of the new Budget has been in the past, an area where we independent states; for example, Geor- author- Outlays come together in a bipartisan spirit to gia. ity promote democratic values, to give ex- The country of Georgia, with Presi- Sec. 302(b) (Revised): pression to the compassion of the dent Shevardnadze who is a leader in Discretionary ...... 16,188 12,546 American people, and to make very that region as well as the President of Mandatory ...... 45 45 hard-nosed decisions about what is in his own country, has worked hard to Total ...... 16,233 12,591 our national interest. I do not think democratize Georgia, to implement the This bill: Discretionary ...... 16,184 12,546 that many of these issues are partisan market reforms, to reform the econ- Mandatory ...... 45 45 issues. Indeed, the luxury of our com- omy, and he is losing his export mar- Total ...... 16,229 12,591 mittee is that very often we are the ka- ket—Russia. Georgia is being flooded leidoscope. We are in different designs by cheap products from Russia now, Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I re- on different issues. undermining its economy. And we fur- serve the balance of my time. Many of us for example on both sides ther exacerbate the situation by reduc- Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I yield of the aisle support 907 and many on ing the aid that we give to Georgia, myself such time as I may consume. both sides of the aisle oppose 907. I join giving a real lever to his opponents Mr. Chairman, I rise in opposition to with my Republican colleagues in op- there who are not the democrats of the bill, and with the greatest respect posing the initiative of the gentleman Georgia, thereby undermining his lead- for my chairman, the gentleman from from Louisiana (Mr. LIVINGSTON). ership. He did what we asked him to do September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7951 and we lowered the assistance we are missed in this bill are a match for maintain current law with regard to giving him. And that is just one exam- those great words. assistance to Azerbaijan in the sub- ple. I hope, at the end of the process, that committee bill. Although there were I am also concerned, and I have an they will be, and that we can all join in some elements of the package that the area of disagreement with some of my supporting this bill, making it the bi- subcommittee agreed to on the Republican colleagues, that the bill de- partisan package that it traditionally Caucasus that I did not necessarily nies all funding for the Korean Penin- has been and hopefully will be. agree with, the overall package for as- sula Energy Development Organiza- Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance sistance to the Caucasus was a bal- tion. The agreement between the U.S. of my time. anced approach that provided positive and North Korea provides the only Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I incentives to the parties in the region basis for U.S. access to troublesome yield myself such time as I may con- to resolve their disputes and begin sites in Korea. Ending the program sume to thank the gentlewoman from working together. The action of the eliminates any possibility of ending California for her kind words and for committee in repealing section 907 in North Korea’s nuclear ballistic missile mentioning the child survival account. my judgment destroyed that balance programs and may, in fact, jeopardize I am very proud of the child survival and serves to undermine the careful ef- the security of U.S. troops in the re- account. And, yes, we did have a rocky forts of the subcommittee to encourage gion. road in the beginning, but I am pleased solutions to problems in the area. I will My request to at least debate the to say that the administration has seen support the efforts of the gentleman issue was denied by the Committee on the light of day and included this in from California (Mr. RADANOVICH) in Rules. And further into the debate their budget request for the first time attempting to repeal this misguided today, I will suggest what my amend- this year, and we are happy to grant and improper authorizing provision. ment would have been. the administration’s request in this re- Again, on the whole, I want to sup- We have discussed the fact that the gard. port this bill and the excellent work of bill has language restricting inter- Mr. Chairman, I yield 5 minutes to my colleague from Alabama. I hope national family planning organizations the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. POR- that we can resolve these issues favor- from using their own funds for pur- TER), one of the most distinguished ably and then work with the Senate to poses that they deem worthy of their members of our subcommittee. provide the highest possible funding mission. And the bill shortchanges the Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, I want level in the bill within necessary over- global environmental facility of the to thank the gentleman from Alabama all fiscal constraints. World Bank to the point where it will for his tireless work in developing this Let me close, Mr. Chairman, by pay- literally run out of funds this year. bill. He and his outstanding staff have ing tribute to two of our colleagues I am disappointed that we could not dedicated many hours to stretching our who will be leaving the subcommittee, get greater funding for the Peace limited foreign aid dollars and to try- retiring. One, of course, is my neighbor Corps, but I salute the chairman for ing to accommodate and reflect the and friend the gentleman from Illinois the figure he did put in, and his will- concerns of many Members, including (Mr. YATES). His district and mine ingness, if we have any more money at this Member. abut. Today he actually represents the the end of the day, to put more funds As we review the events of the past town in which I was born and grew up. in for the Peace Corps. fiscal year, the importance of our for- We do not always by any means see And I salute Chairman CALLAHAN for eign assistance has never been clearer. things eye to eye on policy but I think his leadership on the child survival and We are living in a global community. you will never find a harder worker, disease account. He is truly a cham- Our economy, our health, our environ- someone who has been on top of the pion in the world. And his initiatives ment, are all interconnected with those issues for 50 years of service to this were met with some resistance along of our immediate neighbors and with Congress and to his country, question- the way, so I commend him for his vi- those half a world away. ing, raising issues, fighting for the sion and for his perseverance and for The United States’ international ac- things that he believes in. The gen- his success on behalf of the children tivities at both the bilateral and multi- tleman from Illinois has provided a tre- worldwide. I just wish the bill had a lateral level have an impact on every mendous example of someone who is bigger allocation so child survival American citizen and every person in committed and serving in a way that could be funded higher. the world. does great credit to the United States And, again, I personally thank him b 1345 Congress. We are also going to miss our for the HIV/AIDS prevention control colleague and friend the gentleman money and the UNICEF funds. Because of the importance of our role from California (Mr. TORRES). We have The funds for the Middle East have in the world, I wish that our allocation worked together on many issues. I have been reduced, largely under the leader- could have been greater. However, rec- a tremendous respect for his resolve in ship of the gentleman from Alabama ognizing the need for fiscal austerity to standing for the things that he believes (Mr. CALLAHAN). And as we all know, maintain a balanced budget, I support in, and he has always been there serv- the Middle East, regardless of the fate this legislation as it was reported by ing in a way that has brought credit to of this bill today, the Middle East our subcommittee, with the exception himself, to his State and to our coun- funds will be there. They are the safest of funding for arrearage payments to try, and I am very proud that I have appropriation allocation in this bill. multilateral financial institutions. had the opportunity to serve in Con- So I again thank the chairman for However, my support for the bill is gress with the gentleman from Califor- some of the initiatives that are there tested by some changes made by the nia as well. and for his leadership, but I regretfully full committee. I commend this bill to the Members. must oppose the bill because it is inad- I supported the gentleman from Ala- I would like to make some changes in equate to the task. bama’s decision not to include any leg- it. I am hoping we can see those Everyone in America is familiar with islative language which would condi- changes made. But overall it does the President Kennedy’s statement in his tion funding for international family kind of work that we expect of our inaugural address, ‘‘My fellow Ameri- planning. Authorizing language has al- committee and I commend our chair- cans, Ask not what your country can ready been included in the State De- man for his fine effort. do for you, but what you can do for partment reform bill that is awaiting Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I yield 3 your country.’’ But the very next line the President’s consideration. An au- minutes to the gentleman from Michi- of that great speech is, ‘‘And to the thorizing bill is the proper vehicle for gan (Mr. BONIOR), the distinguished citizens of the world, ask not what this language, and I am strongly Democratic whip of the House and a America can do for you, but what we against this addition which for the champion on international issues relat- can do, working together, for the free- fourth year in a row will jeopardize the ing to the American worker. dom of man.’’ I do not think that the enactment of this bill into law. Mr. BONIOR. Mr. Chairman, I thank allocation for this bill and the prior- In addition, I supported the gen- my colleague for her kind remarks and ities and the opportunities that are tleman from Alabama’s decision to for the job that she and the gentleman H7952 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 from Alabama (Mr. CALLAHAN) and oth- The fact of the matter is that these percent of the border with Armenia. ers have done on this bill. are both countries emerging from what Eighty percent is with other countries Mr. Chairman, I want to urge my col- was the Soviet Union, clearly they like Iran and Georgia. The fact is this leagues to support an amendment later were at war with one another, and blockade is a false issue. Most of the today that would restore section 907 clearly in 1992 we levied sanctions on other issues referred to by the gen- prohibiting aid to the authoritarian re- Azerbaijan, a Moslem country, while tleman who preceded me are false gime of Azerbaijan. For nearly a dec- attempting to assist Armenia, an or- issues. ade, Azerbaijan has used tanks and sol- thodox country, for legitimate reasons. We should not side with the Arme- diers to blockade its democratic neigh- Azerbaijan, by some reports, started nians. We should not side with the bors, the Republic of Armenia. This il- the war, and there was a conflict that Azeris. We should side with a balanced legal blockade has cut off the transport spread over a long period of time. Peo- approach to two prospective friends. of fuel, of food and of medicine. This ple on both sides were killed; there was That means whether you are Arme- blockade is a roadblock to regional incredible devastation and misery nian-American or whether you are peace and it is a chokehold on democ- reaped from that conflict, but Armenia Azeri-American, you should be in favor racy. That is why the United States won. Armenia moved over to help and of the American point of view which is has refused to spend our tax dollars to Armenians took over Nagorno- a balanced view and the lifting of 907. prop up the Azerbaijani government. It Karabagh, expelling all of the Azeris. Let us get rid of this outrage which is has always been our stated policy to There are no Azeris in Nagorno- totally slanted against one party. reward those who work for peace and Karabagh. There are some 700,000 Azeri refugees in their own country, in Azer- [From the New York Times, Sept. 14, 1998] democracy and punish those who do ETHNIC CONFLICT IN CAUCASUS SHOWS ITS not, until now. This bill undermines baijan. Yet we still have the sanction imposed upon Azerbaijan by the United FIRST GLIMMER OF HOPE our commitment to democracy. It (By Stephen Kinzer) abandons support for the people of States which is supposed to be a neu- tral party. YEREVAN, ARMENIA, Sept. 11—In a week Nagorno-Karabagh who are struggling My friend who just preceded me said that saw the first high-level contact in years for self-determination. And it com- it is to help the oil companies. Is it to between Armenia and Azerbaijan, leaders of pletely undercuts regional peace talks help the oil companies that we attempt both countries said they were eager to re- that have just this week shown some to repeal section 907 which is a strenu- solve an ethnic conflict that threatens to ig- nite the Caucasus. promising signs and hints of progress. ous sanction on one of the parties but Why would we do this? Why are Mem- The conflict is over the disputed enclave of not the other? No. It is so that the Nagorno-Karabakh, which the world recog- bers of this House being asked to over- United States can simply take a bal- turn an effective, long-term commit- nizes as part of Azerbaijan but which has anced view towards a very important been held by its ethnic Armenian majority ment to peace and democracy? Why strategic part of the world. Kazakhstan since 1994. Fighting that ended that year would we hand out a big sack of carrots has tremendous oil supplies. took more than 35,000 lives and forced hun- to an anti-democratic regime? Sadly, Turkmenistan has tremendous natural dreds of thousands from their homes. the answer can be summed up in one gas supplies. They are across the Cas- A resumption of fighting could be disas- word. Oil. Put crudely, the oil lobby pian. If those supplies go west through trous, because the Caucasus today is deli- has dollar signs in its eyes. The big cately balanced between prosperity and Azerbaijan, possibly through Armenia, chaos. Huge amounts of oil have been discov- corporations cannot wait to start possibly through Georgia, into Turkey, pumping oil from beneath the Caspian ered under and around the Caspian Sea, but then the fact is that the United States ethnic conflicts in places like Nagorno- Sea, even if that means selling out a may benefit, but certainly the western Karabakh could abort the expected boom and democratic country, even if that means industrialized world could benefit. If plunge the region back into the anarchy of abandoning a landlocked Nation whose the oil supplies only go north to Rus- the early 1990’s. freedom depends upon open borders, sia, if the oil supplies only go east to There has been no substantial movement and even if that means sacrificing our China or south to Iran, the industri- toward a settlement of the conflict, and the own principles of justice. sides remain so far apart that some fear an- alized world does not benefit, and per- other war. But last Monday, the Prime Min- America’s interests in the Caucasus haps others who do not share the civ- lie with the development of democracy ister of Armenia, Armen Darbinyan, flew to ilized goals that we in the United Azerbaijan to attend a regional trade con- and human rights, not just the develop- States espouse will benefit. ference. ment of oil fields. This bill guts our The fact is that this is a conflict that Before meeting privately with his guest, long-standing policy and it mocks our must come to an end and it has not. President Heydar Aliyev of Azerbaijan told deepest values. Recently a proponent of maintaining reporters that he looked forward to ‘‘the res- I urge my colleagues to support de- section 907 said that we have not suc- toration of friendship between Azerbaijan mocracy and to support the amend- ceeded at all in bringing peace to this and Armenia in the context of a peaceful res- ment that is going to be offered by the region, and, therefore, that is a reason olution in Nagorno-Karabakh.’’ It was the gentleman from California (Mr. RADAN- first time in memory he had made such a to maintain section 907. He said it is a statement. OVICH) and supported by the gentleman failed policy and since it has continued A team of diplomats from Russia, France from Illinois (Mr. PORTER) on this side to fail, we should not lift 907. I say ex- and the United States has been searching for of the aisle and the gentleman from actly the opposite is true, and it is a solution to the Nagorno-Karabakh dispute. New Jersey (Mr. PALLONE) and others borne out by an article in the New They want the mountainous enclave re- on our side of the aisle. York Times dated September 14, 1998 in turned to Azerbaijan but given ‘‘maximum Support the amendment to restore which the lead says, ‘‘Ethnic Conflict possible autonomy.’’ Armenia has rejected section 907. in Caucasus Shows Its First Glimmer that framework, vowing never to allow Azer- Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I of Hope.’’ That is a few days after our baijan to rule there again. In an interview here after Mr. Aliyev’s re- yield such time as he may consume to full committee met and we lifted sec- the gentleman from Louisiana (Mr. marks, President Robert Kocharian of Arme- tion 907 out of this bill. The first glim- nia said ‘‘nonstandard approaches’’ could LIVINGSTON) the chairman of the full mer of hope evolved after we took the produce a ‘‘unique solution’’ in the enclave. committee. section out. He mentioned several possible models: (Mr. LIVINGSTON asked and was We have been in the position of sanc- Northern Ireland, which has broad powers to given permission to revise and extend tioning one party to a conflict, con- run its affairs but remains under British sov- his remarks.) tinuing to beat them over the head, ereignty; Bosnia and Herzegovina, where a Mr. LIVINGSTON. Mr. Chairman, I and then saying, ‘‘By the way, we want joint presidency represents the three prin- am interested in some of the comments your friendship to bring this oil west, cipal ethnic groups; New Caledonia, a self- that have just transpired about this why don’t you help us?’’ And they have governing ‘‘overseas territory’’ of France, ominous lifting of section 907. It ap- and Andorra, a principality that holds a seat not been entirely cooperative until we in the United Nations but whose nominal plied sanctions against one of what finally lifted this sanction. The time rulers are the President of France and the were two warring parties only a few has come to lift it. bishop of Seo de Urgel, Spain. short years ago, Azerbaijan versus Ar- Do not let the people tell you about Mr. Kocharian said he could accept a token menia. the blockade. Azerbaijan represents 20 role for Azerbaijan in the enclave to allow it September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7953 a measure of ‘‘face saving.’’ But Azerbaijan, Mr. Chairman, this blockade has gerous rogue states like Iran is unac- which is posted to earn billions of dollars strengthened another nation, Turkey, ceptable. from oil exports, is seeking to save much in imposing its five-year blockade of The bill also highlights congressional more than face. It wants Nagorno-Karabakh Armenia on assistance from the West. concern about the recent activities of back, and could use its coming wealth to another dangerous rogue state, North build an army capable of retaking it. We must resuscitate, we must put back Mr. Kocharian said he is not worried about into legislation section 907 as will be Korea. Given the very frightening rev- such a counterattack. proposed by the gentleman from Cali- elations in recent weeks regarding ‘‘Are you sure the rich man fights better?’’ fornia (Mr. RADANOVICH). North Korea’s offensive capabilities, we he asked. ‘‘In 10 years, who will be ready to Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I must take action. The U.S. must send a fight and die, and for what? In 10 years, any yield 5 minutes to the gentleman from signal of its strong disapproval by sus- attack on Nagorno-Karabakh would be Michigan (Mr. KNOLLENBERG) who cer- pending aid to North Korea until we viewed by its residents as an aggression tainly is a member who is so interested have real proof that it has ended its against their country. For the Azerbaijani in this committee and so knowledge- dangerous ballistic missile and nuclear Army, Karabakh will be just a memory. Who weapons program. will be more willing to give their lives?’’ able on many of the areas of the world Mr. Kocharian rose to power on the that are so important to the contents And finally I would like to add con- Nagorno-Karabakh issue. He is a former of our bill. cerns with respect to one particular leader of the enclave, and was elected Arme- Mr. KNOLLENBERG. Mr. Chairman, issue. The bill does contain language nia’s President in March after the army I rise in strong support of the bill, H.R. repealing Section 907, a provision of forced his precedessor, Levon Ter-Petrosian, 4569, and I wanted to obviously thank law passed by this body, signed into to resign. Military chiefs suspected that Mr. the gentleman from Alabama (Mr. CAL- law by President Bush in 1992. Section Ter-Petrosian was preparing a compromise 907 prohibits direct economic and mili- with Azerbaijan. LAHAN) for yielding me this time. He has been, I think, an outstanding indi- tary aid to the government of Azer- ‘‘We cannot accept anything less than baijan while it continues to blockade Karabakh being de facto Armenian,’’ said vidual in terms of shepherding this par- Armen Aivazian, a historian and foreign pol- ticular appropriations bill through the its neighbors and has been the center- icy expert. ‘‘It should be under unchallenged, process. That is not an easy task. He piece of U.S. Policy toward the permanent Armenian military control. After has done it with diligence, impartiality Caucasus for the last 6 years. I am con- that, Andorra could be negotiated. All kinds and I believe with absolute fairness. I cerned that its repeal may compromise of solutions are possible.’’ the U.S. role as an unbiased mediator Mr. Aivazian acknowledged, however, that commend the gentleman from Ala- bama. I want to thank the gentle- in negotiations to settle the Nagorno- there seemed little prospect of Azerbaijan’s Karabagh conflict. This issue will un- woman from California (Ms. PELOSI) for accepting such a formula. doubtedly surface again during the ‘‘I personally don’t see any solution in the her work in coming together on a host bill’s consideration. I look forward to a time ahead,’’ he said. ‘‘If the situation con- of important issues, and the staff for spirited debate, and I hope we will be tinues as it is, the chance of war is not 100 all the work they have done to create able to convince some of my colleagues percent, but certainly more than 50 or 60 per- this bill. Each member of this sub- that this may be an inappropriate cent.’’ committee has worked in a bipartisan Any peace accord would have to be accept- move at this time. Only through bal- fashion to craft a foreign aid bill that ed by leaders of the Nagorno-Karabakh Ar- anced support from the U.S. will we fi- reflects our Nation’s international pri- menians, and because Mr. Kocharian is con- nally see this region free of bloodshed orities while maintaining a goal of fis- sidered one of the enclave’s heroes, he would and conflict and rich with prosperity presumably be able to influence them. cal responsibility and a balanced budg- and opportunity. ‘‘He has a lot of sway over Karabakh opin- et. The chairman spoke to that. Mr. Chairman, the subject of foreign ion,’’ said a European diplomat in Yerevan. This bill holds the line on foreign aid ‘‘He is an astute politician and an astute aid often sparks heated debate on this spending while maintaining funding for floor. While we all have strong opinions string-puller, and as time goes on, he may our most important foreign aid prior- have a chance to be a statesman.’’ about a number of programs, I ask my ities. By supporting continued funding Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I yield colleagues to not let heated discussions for Microenterprise and other develop- about details keep us from the business 11⁄2 minutes to the gentleman from ment assistance programs, Congress re- at hand. We need to unite behind this California (Mr. TORRES) who was affirms our country’s crucial role as a praised by many of the previous speak- fair bill to maintain U.S. leadership leader in strengthening the ever-grow- and strengthen our influence across the ers. ing community of prosperous, demo- Mr. TORRES. Mr. Chairman, I thank globe. cratic nations. Mr. Chairman, I ask for Members to the gentlewoman for yielding time. I The bill also maintains the U.S. com- support this bill, and I thank the gen- believe that this policy of lifting sec- mitment to the Middle East process tleman again for yielding me time. tion 907 is simply a question of reward- and our long-standing ally Israel. It Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 ing Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan does not de- provides $70 million for the resettle- minutes to the also reknowned gen- serve to be rewarded. Their govern- ment of former Soviet, East European tleman from Illinois (Mr. YATES) in ment has blockaded Armenia and and other refugees in Israel. And while this, the line up of champions. We Nagorno-Karabagh for 9 years. The U.S. support for peace in the Middle heard from the gentleman from Cali- blockade has cut off the supply of food, East is reaffirmed, the bill takes an fornia (Mr. TORRES) who was much ac- of fuel, of medicine and other vital historic first step toward eliminating claimed on the floor earlier, and now goods and commodities. Azerbaijan’s the region’s long-standing reliance on the much acclaimed gentleman from Il- blockade has precipitated a humani- U.S. economic aid. linois, Mr. YATES. tarian crisis requiring the U.S. to send Mr. YATES. Mr. Chairman, may I ex- b 1400 emergency life-saving assistance to Ar- press my very profound thank you to menia. Azerbaijan has blocked U.N. hu- Furthermore, the committee has en- my good friend the gentleman from manitarian aid to Nagorno-Karabagh. sured that whenever necessary, U.S. Alabama (Mr. CALLAHAN) the chairman It has refused to allow the U.N. to op- funds are focused on reinforcing our of the Committee, to the gentlewoman erate in Nagorno-Karabagh and has vital national security needs. from California (Ms. PELOSI) and to the even blocked the U.N. from conducting First, the bill contains our strong gentleman from Illinois (Mr. PORTER) a humanitarian needs assessment. commitment to the democratization of for many nice things they said about Mr. Chairman, at a time when Arme- Russia that addresses my concerns me. I think perhaps my absence from nia is introducing market reforms and about Russian exports of nuclear and the floor at that time may have helped. integrating its economy with the West, ballistic missile technology. This grave However I am grateful. They were very at a time when Armenia is in dire need, situation is addressed by stipulating generous in their statements, but I the blockade has virtually isolated Ar- that aid to Russia is contingent upon want them to know that I am very menia from the rest of the world. Ar- stopping the development of any nu- thankful for the many nice things they menia is landlocked, and 85 percent of clear program or ballistic missile capa- said about me. all Soviet-era goods destined to Arme- bility. We are sending a powerful signal Mr. Chairman, November 2, 1948, I nia went through Azerbaijan. to Russia that its interaction with dan- was elected for the first time to the H7954 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 Congress of the United States. I was In my tenure in this House, I have seen our position in the world community and the away from my representation in this firsthand the effect foreign aid can have on United States cannot continue to lead without House for 2 years when I ran for the bringing economic restoration to a war-torn or the institutions funded by this bill. Senate unsuccessfully. I came back the undeveloped country. I guess it is safe to say The business community in the United next term. And in all that time I have that I am a strong supporter of foreign aid. In StatesÐwho rely heavily on such foreign aid been a member of the Committee on fact, in all my years in the House, I do not institutions to create an environment favorably Appropriations, luckily I believe, be- think I have ever voted against a foreign aid to businessÐrequest we increase our foreign cause I think it is one of the great appropriations bill, but there is always a first aid to approximately $18 billion. committees of the House, and in all time. They see first hand how adversely affected that time I have been a member of the Mr. Chairman, if asked, I would not be able the economy is by the diminished role the Foreign Aid Subcommittee. First, it to characterize this as a good bill. I feel that United States plays in the developing world, was called the Marshall Plan Sub- in its present condition the President would be and, you can be sure, their foreign competi- committee, and gradually, as the years forced to veto the bill. I hope my friends on tors, armed with the support of their govern- went on, it was called the Foreign Aid the other side of the aisle will agree that we ment's, are ready and waiting to step right in. Subcommittee. The opportunities were do not want to see this bill and this Congress If we do not increase our level of foreign presented many times to get off that again caught up in a continuing resolution. aid, the long-term economic impact will be un- subcommittee and move to another There are many funding level and policy favorable to American business, the American one, but I considered the foreign aid issues which still need to be addressed before people and our national security interests. program so important that I never seri- this bill would be worthy of my support. I hope Mr. Chairman, Let's work together to take ously attempted to leave that sub- my colleagues will accept amendments in this bad bill and craft a great bill. committee. I believe it is extremely order to find tune this bill before we go to con- Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman I important that adequate funding be ference with the other body. yield 4 minutes to the gentleman from given to the Foreign Aid Subcommit- I still believe we can get a good bill, one New Jersey (Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN) who tee in order to carry out our purposes with wide bipartisan support and one the is also a member of our subcommittee throughout the world. President will be happy to sign. whom we have to lean upon from time Mr. Chairman, in all that time I The first area I feel we need to address is to time for expertise primarily in the doubt that I voted against more than 1 the development assistance account. Bilateral area of the finance of this world, the or 2 of the bills, and I hate to say it and multilateral development assistance ac- World Bank and the International this time because I hold Chairman counts have been cut much more deeply than Monetary Fund. He is a true expert and Sonny Montgomery in such high re- any other area of the foreign operations budg- a value member of our subcommittee. gard. I have been associated with many et over the last four yearsÐcut on average by Mr. YATES. Mr. Chairman, will the chairmen during that period; none was more than 30 percent out of overall cuts of gentleman yield? better than the gentleman from Ala- about 11 percent, these cuts have harmed a Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. I yield to the bama (Mr. CALLAHAN), I think he was wide range of programs including family plan- gentleman from Illinois. the best of all of them. And of course it ning, micro enterprise, IDA, and UNDP, to Mr. YATES. Mr. Chairman, I under- has been a honor and a privilege to name just a few. stand that in the course of my mean- serve with the gentlewoman from Cali- The foreign policy challenges and opportuni- dering discourse I referred to the gen- fornia (Ms. PELOSI) and my good friend ties facing the United States on the eve of the tleman from Alabama (Mr. CALLAHAN) and neighbor to the north, the gen- twenty-first century require greater attention to as Sonny Montgomery. I made a mis- tleman from Illinois (Mr. PORTER). and investment in developing countries than take. I want to correct that imme- I find this bill, however, lacking in so ever before. diately. many instances that I think I will have It is in developing countries where issues Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, will difficulty in supporting it. In fact, I such as rapid population growth, environ- the gentleman yield? think I probably will vote against it mental degradation, food insecurity, ethnic Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. I yield to the unless it is corrected in the course of conflict and widespread poverty must be ad- gentleman from Alabama. the debate and in amendment. dressed if we are to realize the goal of peace, Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I Mr. Chairman, during the almost 50 years democracy, prosperity and new export mar- take no offense. Former Congressman that I have served on this subcommittee, for- kets. Montgomery might. eign aid has seen a major transition in both I ask my colleagues, wouldn't logic tell you Mr. YATES. He was a good friend; I the political situation in the world and how for- that if you increase development assistance doubt that. I think he would consider eign assistance and export programs can best and thereby provide a better standard of living, it a compliment. address these changes. Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. Mr. Chair- Foreign aid, like defense spending, helps such a commitment would address the root man, reclaiming my time, it is a pleas- preserve our national security. But, unlike de- causes that plague developing communities. ure to have yielded to the gentleman fense spending, where we continue to allocate Yet, this bill continues to ignore and dismiss from Illinois (Mr. YATES). I was two one out of every five dollars of our Federal the role development assistance can play in years-old when he became a Member of budget, foreign aid, which is currently less accomplishing our foreign policy aims and Congress, and it is a pleasure to be in than one percent of the overall Federal budg- achieving our overall national security objec- et, has continued to decrease. tives. the Chamber with him. The ironic truth about foreign aid is, that it Another major concern is that this House is Mr. YATES. Mr. Chairman, if the is much cheaper than most Americans think not addressing the shortfall in the International gentleman would continue to yield, it and it does things that most Americans may Monetary Fund [IMF] and insisting on relying was a pleasure to serve with the gentle- not realize. Yet, this bill continues to cut the on the conference committee and convoluted man’s father, may I say, of course most cost effective portion of our national se- procedures to achieve complete funding be- when he was a Member, as well as with curity budget, foreign aid. fore we adjourn for the year. his son. The total amount in the bill is slightly below In the almost 50 years since I became a Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. Mr. Chair- the amount provided last year. It is well below Member of this House I have never been a man, I thank the gentleman from Illi- the request by the administration. More signifi- part of a Congress that ignored a world finan- nois, and, reclaiming my time, I rise in cantly it is below our committee's 302(b) allo- cial crisis, and I am deeply disappointed that support of the foreign operations bill, cation. in the last year of my last Congress this is just and personally I would like to thank As former Secretary of Defense, William what we are doing. If this funding is not ad- the gentleman from Alabama (Mr. CAL- Perry and the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of dressed before we adjourn, American suppli- LAHAN) for his leadership as well as the Staff, General John Shalikashvili, said in their ers, business and finally the American people gentlewoman from California (Ms. May 23, 1995, article in USA Today: ``This is will suffer from the short sightedness and con- PELOSI) and our very excellent staff for no time to be penny-wise and pound-foolish. voluted restrictions of the leadership in this all the good work they do. Our foreign assistance program helps finance House. The challenges we face, Mr. Chair- the building blocks of a new international We are the leaders of the world, and that man, around the globe are increasingly structure that is more peaceful and more sta- should include being the leader in foreign as- complex: the struggle to find peace in ble than the one we left behind.'' sistance. Foreign aid is critically important to the middle east and in the Balkans, the September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7955 challenge of supporting emerging de- Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I yield 5 b 1415 mocracies in Eastern Europe, in cen- minutes to the gentleman from Wis- I do not believe that this is a healthy tral Asia, increased threats of nuclear consin (Mr. OBEY). It is a very distinct outcome. proliferation and terrorism around the privilege to recognize the ranking I also have to simply say that I think world and economic deterioration in member of the full committee and a more and more, this bill has become a Asia and elsewhere; that has a big im- person who served for many years at bill that satisfies the needs and desires pact on American jobs and prosperity. ranking member of this subcommittee. of virtually every country in the world With this bill we provide some of the It is a intimidating feat to have to fol- and every special interest in our own essential tools to promote and protect low in his footsteps as ranking on this country. The only thing that seems to America’s leadership and interests, and committee. be left out is our national interests. we do so within the confines of our bal- Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I thank That I think is no reflection on anyone anced budget agreement. the gentlewoman for yielding this time who has tried to work on this bill, but Particular items worthy of note in to me, and she has done a terrific job it is a reflection on the shortsighted- this bill include the fact that with the on this bill as she does on virtually ev- ness of many of the groups that make full cooperation of Israel and Egypt erything else she deals with, and I also up this body and force the committee this bill marks the beginning of a want to express my appreciation to the to produce a bill which is essentially a multiyear plan to reduce the level of gentleman from Alabama (Mr. CAL- political accommodation rather than a assistance to Camp David countries, LAHAN) for his efforts this year and package that meets our real, sub- and, as our report reflects, our commit- through the years to try to produce a stantive needs. tee encourages other traditional aid re- decent bill. Then finally we come to the issue of cipients to follow the bold path under- Having said that, I very much regret Korea. In Korea we have the most reck- taken by Israel. what I am about to say. I have sup- less, irresponsible and dangerous re- Under the chairman’s leadership we ported this bill for years, but I do not gime in the world in North Korea. We have also restored critical funding for believe that I can any longer do so. have 5 different foreign policy goals child survival programs and disease Since 1989 we have really had eupho- that we are trying to reach in dealing prevention and eradication. I am par- ria in this country. The Iron Curtain with that outrageously out-of-line re- ticularly appreciative of the chair- collapsed, democracy was restored in a gime. We have only been able to man’s supportive efforts to combat tu- good many countries in central Europe, achieve one of those goals: the shutting berculosis and other infectious diseases South Africa is a far different country down of the Yongbyon reactor complex that have emerged as major threats than it used to be, we have many more which is capable now today of produc- around the world. democracies in Latin and Central ing weapons-grade fuel to produce sev- We also continue America’s long- America than we had a decade ago, and eral nuclear bombs a year. And yet, standing support of development as- I think we have almost come to expect this committee has produced a product sistance for the poorest of the poor in- that to be the norm. Unfortunately the which blows apart the one success that cluding international family planning real normalcy seems to be raising its we have had in the midst of a lot of programs. We also placed increased em- ugly head in many parts of the globe, failures in dealing with Korea. It is phasis on important priorities in our and I do not believe that this bill meets highly dangerous to the national inter- own hemisphere, especially addressing the task of dealing with those prob- ests of the United States, and I there- the scourge of illegal narcotics traffic. lems. fore urge a ‘‘no’’ vote on the entire bill. Further, we maintain our efforts to Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I It is first of all, Mr. Chairman, ter- protect export-related American jobs yield 21⁄2 minutes to the gentleman ribly inadequate in terms of the way it for providing resources through the Ex- from California (Mr. CUNNINGHAM). port-Import Bank, OPEC, TDA to help deals with our international economic Mr. CUNNINGHAM. Mr. Chairman, I American companies enter and succeed situation. We have a crisis in terms of am not a member of this committee, in international markets, and when our what is happening in the Asian econ- although I am a member of the full American companies invest in develop- omy, and that sooner or later is going committee, and I came to seek time be- ing economies, particularly in coun- to collapse in on us, ruin our ability to cause there is an increasing problem, tries that receive U.S. taxpayer assist- export, and take away American jobs. and I have heard the same problem ance in this bill, we make it clear that And yet the majority party has refused from both sides of the aisle. With in- we expect these countries will provide to even allow us to vote on the ques- creasing trade agreements, we have no less than full legal protection for tion of providing full funding for the more and more American investors in- these investments. IMF, and this issue has been hanging vesting abroad, and our American citi- Finally, our subcommittee has spent around for a year. We cannot afford to zens are getting ripped off by the same a great deal of time and deliberation on wait any longer. countries that we are giving foreign aid the issue of resources for IMF. In this If my colleagues will take a look at to. bill we do provide for the new arrange- the former Soviet Union, first of all A good example, in Bulgaria, one of ments to borrow, and the Senate has this bill does not provide sufficient re- my constituents invested $4 million, provided the full administration re- sources to meet the problems in deal- and the bank acknowledges receipt of quests so that I anticipate that this ing with those states and then, after it the money. But yet, one of their em- issue will remain one for vigorous de- has cut substantially the funding for ployees took off with the money and bate as our work is completed. We those states, it then has the functional they do not want to take responsibility sought and continue to seek coopera- equivalent of earmarks which tie the for it. It has to go into the courts. tion support of the administration for President’s hands in responding to any Three years later, nothing has hap- much needed reforms at the IMF in change in circumstances in that part of pened. order that all Members can be con- the world. We should not be requiring Dr. Raffee, known worldwide as a fident that this is an investment wor- the President to spend specific computer expert, was asked under thy of our support. A lot more work amounts of money in any area in the Prime Minister Zia in Bangladesh to needs to be done by all of us to educate former Soviet Union unless the situa- invest in a high-tech company in Ban- the public and promote a greater con- tion on the ground warrants it. And yet gladesh. Well, to give my colleagues an fidence in all of our foreign aid activi- that is what this bill unfortunately idea, Bangladesh was established by 2 ties as well as IMF. does. men, 1 civilian, 1 military. The civilian Finally, a note of personal thanks to As far as Nagorno-Karabakh, Arme- was the first President, the military the gentleman from Alabama (Mr. CAL- nia, Azerbaijan are concerned, I am not was the second President. The civilian LAHAN) and our ranking member for in- at all convinced that the solution that is the father of the current prime min- cluding language in our report on be- this bill has produced is not more in ister, the military gentleman is the fa- half of the families and victims of Pan the interests of American oil compa- ther of the previous Prime Minister Am Flight 103 who have never received nies than it is in the interests of the Zia. Each feels that the other woman proper justice. American people. had their entire family murdered. H7956 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 So my colleagues can imagine the Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I yield countries and companies take risks, situation that exists there. It is a blood 11⁄2 minutes to the gentlewoman from knowing that they will have a bailout. feud paralleled not even close to the Ohio (Ms. KAPTUR), a nationally recog- Maybe they make decisions based on Hatfield and McCoy blood feuds. And nized leader on international relations. that, or maybe they do not, but there our businessmen are getting caught Ms. KAPTUR. Mr. Chairman, I would certainly is the appearance of that hap- right in the middle of it, and that is like to thank the gentlewoman from pening. wrong. California (Ms. PELOSI) for this oppor- I think all of these concerns are What I would say is that when we tunity, and also our subcommittee trumped by the contagion issue; by the have our trade agreements that there chairman, the gentleman from Ala- idea that our economies are inter- be a rule of law established and en- bama (Mr. CALLAHAN). With all of the related globally, and that we need to forced that maybe the State Depart- rumors and the swirling of media have a mechanism, we need to have an ment could have an antiAmerican busi- events here in Washington, I think it is institution that can act to buoy up cur- ness alert, and even this committee, in important to say something about rencies or whatever so that our mar- extreme cases, review and take a look these 2 individuals who have worked so kets are not flooded by cheap labor and to make sure that our American inter- well together. They do not always that the markets for our exports are ests are secured in these extreme cases, agree, but they produced a bill; some not diminished. because there is an increasing problem. may agree with it, some may not So it is with grave concern about the I have talked to many of my colleagues agree. But it is an example of Congress impact on our own economy, and cer- on the other side, and they have con- working at its best and we need to pat tainly with concern about the impact stituents with the same problems. them on the back for that and thank on the economies in the world and the I would appeal to the committee and them. well-being of those countries and their the subcommittee to take a look into I also wanted to rise today and pay people that I believe that we should this area and withhold funds not only tribute to one of our colleagues who give one more round of funding to the in human rights, but American rights, just walked off the floor here for a few IMF, but not any more. We should take just as we have in the past. minutes and to extend my personal it down to the basics and build it up I thank the chairman for allowing me gratitude to him on behalf of this insti- from there. Again, IMF is just one to have the time to express these con- tution, myself and our country, and other reason why I am opposing this cerns. that is the gentleman from Illinois legislation. Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I yield Another concern that I have in this (Mr. YATES), truly a high-minded gen- 11⁄2 minutes to the gentleman from tleman, someone with extraordinary legislation is that while my colleagues California (Mr. SHERMAN), who is an ex- intelligence and the gentlemanly de- on the other side have traditionally pert on international relations, and I given the President a great deal of meanor that is so welcome. He has an am pleased that he will be speaking on flexibility in this bill, that is not the incisive knowledge of the rules, and this bill. case in this bill. One area of concern demonstrates truly gracious behavior Mr. SHERMAN. Mr. Chairman, I that has not received much attention in every single instance in which we thank the gentlewoman, especially for so far is the Global Environmental Fa- overstating my qualifications. have had a chance to deal with him. I am sorry he is not here, and I know cility, the GEF. We are $300 million in Mr. Chairman, I rise to talk about arrears with the GEF. That was the re- he would be very embarrassed by all of the part of this bill that repeals Sec- quest of the administration. There is these laudatory remarks. But he has tion 907 of the Freedom Support Act. $45 million in the bill, and I had an been such a valued colleague to serve This is a critically important part of amendment which was offered in com- with and a rare talent that has raised the appropriations bill. It has been ad- mittee and defeated that would have this institution’s standing as rep- dressed by half of the speakers that put $50 million more into the GEF. resentative of our people. In fact, the have come to speak about the bill in These are arrears, therefore I do not standard that the gentleman from Illi- general. The Armenian National Com- need an offset for the $50 million. mittee and the Armenian Assembly, nois (Mr. YATES) set raised America I think that if we care about our chil- the 2 largest Armenian organizations, and our people always. dren and our grandchildren, we have to the predominant Armenian organiza- I know that our country and this be concerned about the air that they tions, have put out a statement saying House, and certainly this Member, will breathe and the water that they drink that for Armenian Americans, this is sorely miss his presence in future and recognize that we are not isolated the most important vote of this Con- meetings of this subcommittee. He has from the impact of pollution in other gress. been an unforgettable Member with countries. The work of the GEF is As a member of the Committee on whom to serve. And if only in my own very, very important work when it International Relations, I feel more career, and I am sure other Members comes to improving the environmental than a little concerned that such a sub- feel this way, we could model ourselves technologies in these countries, and stantive provision has been stuck in an on him, America would be so much bet- many of those technologies exported appropriations bill. A provision that ter for it. from the United States. That again is deals with an area that our committee Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I yield another reason why I am opposing the had hearings on, our committee de- myself such time as I may consume. bill, because of the lack of funding, in- cided not to try to change this year, I thank the gentlewoman from Ohio creased funding to pay the arrears at and then the Committee on Appropria- for her remarks about our distin- the GEF. tions tries to change it. guished colleague, the gentleman from Mr. Chairman, how much time re- If one believes that substantive Illinois (Mr. YATES). mains? changes should be made by authorizing Mr. Chairman, in my opening re- The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman committees, if one believes that Amer- marks I referred to the concern that I from Alabama (Mr. CALLAHAN) has 2 ican foreign policy should reflect had that the full funding for the Inter- minutes remaining; the gentlewoman American values, then I hope my col- national Monetary Fund was not in- from California (Ms. Pelosi) has 31⁄2 leagues will vote for the Radanovich- cluded in this legislation, and that was minutes remaining. Pallone-Rogan-Sherman amendment to one of the reasons that I was urging Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I am this bill and delete those provisions our colleagues to oppose the bill. I have ready to close, and I think I have the that try to play havoc with American serious concerns, as I mentioned, about right to close on this debate. foreign policy in the Caucasus. a conference committee increasing the Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, recogniz- Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, how IMF by $14.5 billion without the benefit ing that our distinguished chairman much time remains on each side? of debate on the floor. I completely as- wishes to close, I yield 11⁄2 minutes to The CHAIRMAN. The gentlewoman sociate myself with those who object to the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. from California (Ms. PELOSI) has 71⁄2 the manner in which the IMF has con- PALLONE) so that he can speak before minutes remaining; the gentleman ducted its business. I think the issue of the close of the gentleman’s remarks. from Alabama (Mr. CALLAHAN) has 2 conditionality, transparency, moral Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Chairman, again, minutes remaining. hazard, the description of how some I would like to rise in support of an September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7957 amendment that is being offered, hope- antithetical to the principles that this we do not disagree on what we hope fully soon by my colleague, the gen- country holds dear, those democratic this world will be in the hands of those tleman from California (Mr. principles that are so important to this who control the monies of the Inter- RADONOVICH) of California, cosponsored country and are also important it our national Monetary Fund, they are not by myself, and it is very simple and friends in Armenia. doing it in a responsible manner now. straightforward. It would simply strike I look forward to supporting the gen- That is what this body is all about, the section relating to the repeal of tleman from New Jersey (Mr. PALLONE) to debate the differences. But let us Section 907 of the Freedom Support as he seeks to strike this language that not lose sight of where we are. We are Act. would call for an end of sanctioning a $3.5 million below the subcommittee’s The Freedom Support Act, passed by country like Azerbaijan for what they allocation of $12.4 billion, so we are Congress on a bipartisan basis and should be sanctioned for. I agree with below our request. We are within our signed into law by President Bush, de- my colleague, the gentleman from New outlay. We are $315 million below last fined U.S. policy in the Newly Inde- Jersey (Mr. PALLONE) that we need to year. We are $1.1 billion below what the pendent Countries of the former Soviet continue the pressure on these regimes President has requested for 1999. Union in the post-Cold War era. Sec- so that they end the blockade of Arme- In addition to that, we have pro- tion 907 prohibits direct U.S. Govern- nia and Nagorno-Karabakh. tected things such as child survival. If ment aid to Azerbaijan until that coun- Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I yield we talk to the American people, they try lifts its blockades of Armenia and myself the final minute to close. are against foreign aid. Most of them Nagorna Karabagh. Mr. Chairman, in closing, I would do not understand how little we give to Mr. Chairman, Section 907 was good just like to again commend the gen- foreign aid. But if we mention to them law when we passed it back in 1992, and tleman from Alabama, our chairman, we are taking most of this money and it is still good law. Azerbaijan has done for his leadership and his cooperation. spending it on children who are starv- nothing to comply with the basic re- I want to commend the staff, the ma- ing on other continents, if we tell them quirement of Section 907 that it lift its jority staff, Mr. Charlie Flickner, John we are trying to provide health care blockades of Armenia and Nagorna Shank, Bill Inglee, and also Mark Mur- and trying to remove horrible diseases Karabagh, blockades that have caused ray and Lori Maes on the minority that are prevalent in some areas, such severe human hardship for the Arme- side. I commend Nancy Tippins of Mr. as the polio which we seek to eradi- nian people. Callahan’s personal staff, and Carolyn cate, with foreign aid monies, the Bartholomew of my personal staff as American people do not want to see b 1430 well. starving children starved. They do not Mr. Chairman, Azerbaijan is an au- I see the gentleman from Virginia want to see unhealthy children not re- thoritarian regime run by a Soviet (Mr. WOLF) on the floor, and it is al- ceive medical attention. Arab bureaucrat named Heydar Aliyev. ways a pleasure to work with him on They want to assist in education. They want to stop government-to-gov- Armenia, on the other hand, is a de- these international issues. I want to ernment aid that have been an indica- mocracy that has tried to extend the commend Ann Huiskes of his staff for tion of past years. So we have a respon- institutions of democracy to its citi- her work. Earlier the gentleman from sible bill with a few major controver- zens while making the transition to a New Jersey (Mr. SMITH) was on the sies that will be discussed. market economy. floor, and I want to commend Joseph Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Chairman, Members Yet, Mr. Chairman, if we adopt the Reese of his staff with whom we have language in the foreign ops bill, we will should know that even as we consider funds worked. While the gentleman from New in this bill for the International Monetary Fund essentially be rewarding the country Jersey (Mr. SMITH) is not on the sub- that has not made the transition from (IMF), the Government of Korea is backing committee, we have worked on many of away from commitments it made to the IMF Soviet era despotism and corruption these international issues although we and punishing the country, that is Ar- and to the world community to finally put an are not in complete agreement today. end to government directed lending, corporate menia, that has moved towards democ- Mr. Chairman, again I urge my col- racy and a market economy and is try- subsidies, and interference with corporate gov- leagues to oppose this legislation. I ernance. A new round of bidding was recently ing to integrate with the West. think it does not measure up to the vi- I would just like to say again, let announced for Korea's huge bankrupt motor sion that our country should have vehicle company, Kia Motors and its affiliate there be no doubt that the government about our foreign policy, that it is a of Azerbaijan has blockaded Armenia Asia Motors, after Kia's creditors announced departure from our bipartisan tradition that 30 percent of Kia and Asia Motors' $8.7 for 9 years. The blockade has cut off on international relations, and that we billion in bad debt would be ``forgiven'' so that the transport of food, fuel, medicine, can do better. I hope that, in the these companies, which some estimate have and other vital supplies creating a hu- course of the process, we will and that been bankrupt since 1991, can be sold as via- manitarian crisis requiring the U.S. to I will be able to support the bill. But as ble entities. send assistance to Armenia. it stands now, I urge my colleagues to I might add, the only two non-Korean firms Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I am vote ‘‘no’’ on this bill. that have expressed an interest in buying Kia pleased to yield 1 minute to the gen- The CHAIRMAN. The time of the are U.S. companies, General Motors and tleman from Rhode Island (Mr. KEN- gentlewoman from California (Ms. Ford. General Motors and Ford have now NEDY) and commend him for his leader- PELOSI) has expired. withdrawn from the bidding, because they can- ship on this issue. Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I not justify the burdensome terms set by the Mr. KENNEDY of Rhode Island. Mr. yield myself such time as I may con- creditors for the sale. As a result, Kia's credi- Chairman, I thank the gentlewoman sume. tors have now successfully forced all foreign from California for her work on this Mr. Chairman, all of the points dur- firms out of the bidding, leaving only Korean issue and particularly my colleague, ing this debate have been well taken companies, Samsung, Hyundai and Daewoo, the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. and that is exactly what this body is as contenders for Kia. PALLONE) who I look forward to sup- all about. Basically, though, this is a Who is setting these impossible conditions? porting as he offers his amendment good bill. It is a bill that has received Principally, it is none other than the Govern- with the gentleman from California majority support in both subcommittee ment of Korea once again attempting to finan- (Mr. RADANOVICH) to straighten out and full committee. cially prop up Kia and to control its fate, even this report with respect to ending the There are several issues of conten- though it told the IMF it would no longer en- sanctions on those countries that are tion that we will debate this afternoon, gage in this kind of activity. Kia's creditors are blockading the democratic country of one of them being Section 907 whereby represented by the Korea Development Bank, Armenia, which is a country that this I disagree with the other side and the which is 100 percent owned and controlled by country should be doing more to work gentlewoman from California about the the Government of Korea. The Korean Gov- closely with and support. merits of what we have done. We have ernment also directly holds a 30 percent eq- Instead, our Nation’s policy is that, done exactly the right thing. uity interest in Kia. as embodied in this report, to make The other is the future funding of the By blocking the sale of Kia's assets as a friends with a regime that is totally International Monetary Fund. While bankrupt, non-viable entity, the Government of H7958 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 Korea may be protecting its own equity stake Mr. LEVIN. Mr. Chairman, I will support pas- reliable ally of the United States in the Middle in the company, but it is perpetuating the very sage of H.R. 4569, the Foreign Operations East and continued foreign aid funding will nonmarket-based government subsidization Appropriation for fiscal year 1999. I do so in maintain its solid partnership with the United and interference that has produced the calami- spite of serious concerns over a number of the States. Because of the importance of the tous decline of Korea's economy. bill's provisions. United States-Israel relationship and the Is this the kind of ``reform'' that we thought Unfortunately, the Majority has once again strength of Israel's democracy, the United the Government of Korea had committed to been unwilling to provide adequate funding for States has a strong, stable democratic ally. By implement in return for the $60 billion loan the International Monetary Fund. H.R. 4569 its continued support of Israel, the United package it received from the IMF? If not, we provides only $3.4 billion in credits to the IMF, States honors a historic commitment to a fel- must demand that our government exercise far less than is needed to deal with the low democracy with which we share unique strict and aggressive monitoring of how every spreading economic crisis in Asia, Russia and security, economic, and cultural ties. penny of the IMF funding is used and what other countries, and far less than the $18 bil- I do not believe there is anything more im- Korea is doing to implement its commitments lion requested by the Administration. It is par- portant than to forge a just and lasting peace to the IMF and to fulfill its trade obligations to ticularly unfortunate that the Majority would not for the Middle East. I urge my colleagues to the world community. even allow an amendment on IMF funding in continue our support for Israel and to further We cannot allow U.S. tax dollars to be used order to let the House have an up-or-down our national interests by voting for this appro- to continue the operation of non-viable, bank- vote on the matter. priation. rupt Korean auto, steel, and other firms that I also object to language contained in this Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Chairman, I strongly dump cheap imports in our market and under- bill to codify the so-called ``Mexico City'' re- oppose this rule which would block any mine otherwise competitive products made by strictions on U.S. funds for international family amendments to provide funding for the Inter- U.S. firms and U.S. workers. planning organizations. Finally, I believe the national Monetary Fund (IMF). The IMF is an Without strict monitoring and reporting to provisions related to North Korea and funding indispensable organization formed in 1945 to Congress, we will never know what Korea is for the Newly Independent States of the assist its members with monetary issues and doing. It is simply not good enough for Admin- former Soviet Union need to be improved. financial cooperation. It is no surprise that the istration officials to make vague statements I hope that these deficiencies in the bill can IMF has grown from 29 member countries to about being ``encouraged'' by the progress of be corrected in conference with the Senate. I 182 nations today. Korea's economic reform. Korea has institu- will not support the conference report unless Mr. Speaker, the rule we have before us tions and policies that enable the government there are major changes. today would rob us of the opportunity to con- to intervene in commercial lending and cor- Mr. BENTSEN. Mr. Chairman, I rise in reluc- tinue to assist nations heavily affected by the porate governance. This Congress needs to tant support of the fiscal year 1999 Foreign economic contagion which has spread from know what Korea is doing to restructure those Operations Appropriations bill, but I strongly Asia to Russia to Latin America. The global institutions and to change those policies, so support the bill's provision to provide $3 billion economic structures demand that we consider that government intervention in the private in aid to Israel. a rule which would allow us to replenish the economy is minimized and Korean markets While I support final passage of this bill, I IMF's depleted reserves. The requisite $14.5 are open to U.S. and other foreign competi- am very concerned about the inadequate re- billion assists not only the economically trou- tors. sponse to the shortfall in funding for the Inter- bled areas I have mentioned, but also the Mr. Chairman, the legislation we are consid- national Monetary Fund. It has been nearly a United States. Due to the nature of our inter- ering contains significant requirements appli- year since the Administration requested $3.4 linked world economies, it is not so difficult to cable to Korea and other IMF recipients. It billion for the New Arrangements to Borrow comprehend that financial woes in South provides that IMF-recipient governments shall (NAB) and $14.5 billion to address the Asian Korea and Russia will eventually reach our not give government support or tax privileges currency crisis. This bill provides only the $3.4 shores. For example, Asia purchases about to individual firms. The government-owned billing in credits for the International Monetary 40% of American agricultural exports. Amer- Korea Development Bank's decision to ``for- Fund. Unless the U.S. provides the full share ican exports to Asia are expected to decrease by 3 to 6% this year alone due to reduction of give'' a large share of Kia's debt, so that it can requested, which has no budgetary impact, no demand in this region. be sold as a viable entity, is government sup- other member countries will increase their par- The people of Guam, my constituents, have ticipation, which all IMF member countries are port of the most fundamental kind and violates felt the effects of the Asian Financial Crisis the prohibition in this legislation. But without being asked to make, and we would be unable since it commenced last year. With our tourist strict monitoring and reporting to Congress, to replenish the IMF's depleted reserves and economy dependent on the investment of our the Government of Korea is free to ignore fund loan packages to address worldwide cur- Asian neighbors, we have witnessed dwindling these and other warnings. We must not let rency devaluations. tourism numbers effectively shutting down Without this investment, the IMF will have that happen. local businesses and leaving numerous indi- Together with my Colleagues, Mr. MURTHA fewer resources to meet future needs to pro- viduals unemployed. Between July 1997 and and Mr. REGULA, I have written Secretary of vide economic stability and in particular stabil- July 1998, Guam visitor arrival numbers plum- the Treasury Rubin, Secretary of Commerce ity to markets for US exports. Given that the meted by an astounding 23%. Daley, and U.S. Trade Representatives Senate has passed the full amount requested, Critics of the IMF cite that this would be the Barshefsky, asking a number of detailed ques- I am hopeful that the full Administration fund- appropriate time to force reforms on the IMF, tions about reforms in Korea, and in particular, ing level will be met when conference action such as increasing the transparency of its op- about the sale of Korea's bankrupt auto, steel, takes place on this bill. If the House fails to erations. This reasoning is myopic. The would and other firms. When I receive their re- adopt the Senate provision with respect to the continues to be in the throes of financial cri- sponse, I will make it available in an effort to IMF funding and the President vetoes the bill ses, and instead of assisting, the United keep Members informed on this important as he has said he would, I would have no States is stymieing efforts to assist troubled matter. choice but to support the veto. nations. Exacting conditions on the IMF at this Ms. STABENOW. Mr. Chairman, I will vote While I have serious concerns about funding point would be counterproductive to furthering yes on the final passage of H.R. 4569 with se- levels for the IMF, I strongly support aid to American economic interests. rious reservations. I urge the Senate and the Israel, and am very pleased with the $3 billion In the interest of our economic well-being, I Conference Committee to address the issue of appropriated for economic and military assist- urge my colleagues to oppose H. Res. 542. family planning and other serious flaws that ance provided in this bill. I believe the United Mr. ROGAN. Mr. Speaker, today the House exist in the bill. If significant improvements are States must maintain its commitment to pro- of Representatives will pass H.R. 4569, the not made in the bill before it returns to the viding aid to Israel, which is in the United 1999 Foreign Operations Appropriations Act. House of Representatives, I do not intend to States' strategic and economic best interest. Contained within this act was an important support the final passage of this legislation. An important regional ally and the only true provision I am proud to have cosponsored. Ms. RIVERS. Mr. Chairman, I will vote yes democracy in the Middle East, Israel is cer- The provision eliminated language that would for H.R. 4569 with the expectation that Senate tainly deserving of this support. have repealed section 907 of the Freedom of and Conference activity will remedy the seri- The American-Israeli partnership is vital be- Support Act of 1992. I want to applaud and ous flaws that exist in the bill. If these inad- cause it exists beyond normal political and recognize the overwhelming bipartisan support equacies are not addressed before it returns strategic bonds. Both nations share a common this measure received. to the House, I will not support its ultimate set of valuesÐindividual responsibility, free- The passage of this Amendment sends the passage. dom, hope, and opportunity. Israel is the most clear message that the United States does not September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7959 condone the government of Azerbaijan's cruel seek to change laws in their own respective our ability to provide leadership throughout the and inhumane blockade of Armenia and country. This provision punishes organizations global community. Specifically, the Peace Nagorno Karabagh. This embargo is still in ef- for engaging in legal activities in their own Corps defining programs, the Export Import fect today. As a result of this economic choke- countries that would be protected by the First Bank, and the Protocols to implement the hold, a bipartisan group of legislators included Amendment, if carried out in the United Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty. a provision to the Freedom Support Act known States. Funding for preventive family planning Overall, this bill fails to provide adequate re- as Section 907. leads to a decrease in unintended preg- sources to meet our national security require- The Radanovish-Pallone-Rogan-Sherman nancies, a decrease in maternal deaths, and a ments and reaffirm our obligation and respon- amendment retains current law (Section 907) decrease in abortion. Funds under these pro- sibilities as the world's superpower. The Re- by prohibiting U.S. tax dollars from going to grams are legally prohibited from supporting or publican leaders has again illustrated its indif- the dictatorial government of Azerbaijan until encouraging abortion as a method of family ference to meeting the needs of the global fi- its government takes steps to lift its blockade. planning. These restrictions are safeguarded nancial crises, reaffirming its commitments to Presently humanitarian aid may go to the peo- by legally binding contracts with the organiza- human rights, providing environmental leader- ple of Azerbaijan through private charities. tions that receive U.S. funds, by close tech- ship abroad, and assisting those who need Maintaining this section promotes the cause of nical monitoring, and by regular audits by our help the most in this age of poverty, civil democracy, while sending the message that independent, nationally recognized accounting discord and economic turmoil. I urge Members human rights violations and actions that com- firms. None of these funds are utilized for to vote no on this bill. promise the expansion of democracy will not abortion purposes. Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Chairman, this Mem- be tolerated. International family planning assistance is ber rises to express his support for H.R. 4569, Mr. VENTO. Mr. Chairman, I rise today in intended to help women make informed health the Foreign Operations and Export Financing strong opposition to the Foreign Operation Ap- care decisions, improve the quality of life for Act for 1999. This Member would like to also propriations Bill for FY 99 reported out of the citizens of developing nations, and promote express his strong support for provisions with- Appropriations Committee. Once again, the economic responsibility in allocating scarce re- in this measure that support the U.S. Army sources. Ultimately, I believe it will be in the GOP leadership has all but ensured confronta- School of the Americas. tion with the Republican led Senate and has best interest of the United States to support Mr. Speaker, as many of my colleagues are set the Congress on a collision course with programs that strive to help the poor and un- aware, there has been a concerted effort to derprivileged, especially women in such need. the White House. This bill has several serious close the U.S. Army School of the Americas Such funds prevent unwanted pregnancies flaws that fail to address the ongoing global by opponents of the school that have often and the abortions that may follow. In its cur- economic crisis and is simply not adequate to used distorted or false information that serves rent form, this provision would even muzzle meet our national security requirements or to one purposeÐto mislead the American public. organizations from speaking out against abor- meet our obligations and responsibilities as The U.S. Army School of the Americas is a tion in their own countries. Again, the GOP led the world's only superpower. Specifically, this U.S. Army military training institution that it is Senate did not include this restrictive language bill ignores the President's request of the total a key Latin American foreign policy tool for the in its version, thus setting up a difficult con- $18 billion for the International Monetary Fund United States and an integral part of the U.S. ference negotiation. Furthermore, the Presi- (IMF) and is vital to serve and replenish the dent has indicated clearly that this language is Southern Command's engagement strategy in IMF funding base which has been severely unacceptable and that he will veto any bill Latin America. depleted by the financial crisis in Mexico, Asia The primary mission of the School is to pro- containing such language. and Russia; again includes restrictive lan- Again, the GOP leadership insisted on pro- mote democracy, civilian control of the mili- guage on international family planning funding; viding full funding for expanding the Inter- tary, respect for human rights, and doctrinally fully funds the United States School of Ameri- national Military Education and Training sound, relevant military education and training cans (SOA) which has a long history of in- (IMET) programs to countries with horrific his- to the nations of Latin America. With the structing human rights abusers; and tories of human rights abuses. Specifically, change in the National Security Strategy from underfunds important international programs funding for the School of the Americas containment to engagement and enlargement that are crucial to an effective foreign policy. (S.O.A.). The S.O.A. was established in 1946 the U.S. Army School of the Americas has The changes that have occurred in the to train military officers from Latin American shifted its curriculum to provide course instruc- world in the last decade have provided the countries. To date, nearly 60,000 military per- tion in areas such as civil-military operations, United States unprecedented opportunities to sonnel from various Latin American countries counterdrug operations, democratic enhance our national and economic security have attended the S.O.A. Unfortunately, upon sustainment, peacekeeping operations, and by solidifying our global leadership and by returning to their home countries a number of humanitarian demining. bringing democracy to many countries. The graduates have participated in the overthrow Opponents of the School have attempted to Congress has debated the IMF replenishment of democratically elected governments and in place the blame for many of the human rights for a full year. In that time, the economic crisis broad abuses of human rights. The lessons abuses in Latin American countries on the has spread from Asia to Russia, and is now taught by the U.S. at the S.O.A. were clearly U.S. Army School of the Americas. It should threatening to strike in Latin America. It is not not very effective in guiding democratic mili- be noted that in the 50-year existence of the time for Congress to take a proactive role on tary conduct. I have serious apprehension to School and its almost 60,000 graduates that this replenishment. The IMF is an imperfect any congressional commitment to S.O.A. in- less than one percent of those students have solution, not the problem, and it is one of the struction that will bring about positive change ever been linked to human rights violations. only tools available to address the serious in Latin America or in the Global theater. Only The human rights training taught is more com- global economic turmoil. As a senior Member the closure of the S.O.A. could better serve prehensive than human rights training taught of the House Banking Committee, I visited this objective. That is the right thing to do at any other U.S. military school. southeast Asia last winter and met with politi- symbolically and substantively. Also, of critical importance is the cal and financial leaders in China, Korea and This bill appropriates only $43 million of the counterdrug operations course at the U.S. Japan. Following the trip, I was convinced $300 million requested by the President for Army School of the Americas which teaches more than ever that the Asian economic con- the Global Environment Facility (G.E.F) of the both military and civilian police forces the nec- tagion would not be isolated to Asia. Just yes- World Bank. This important facility funds envi- essary skills to stop the cultivation, production terday, Federal Reserve Chairman Greenspan ronmental projects throughout the world. The and transportation of illegal drugs. Many of the and Treasury Secretary Rubin stressed again G.E.F. was created in response to the vast School's graduates have lost their lives while the importance of increasing the funding for needs in developing countries for multilateral combating the narco-guerrillas and drug lords the IMF. Furthermore, the Republican led Sen- resources devoted to mitigating environmental in Bolivia, Colombia, and EcuadorÐkey coun- ate included the full $18 Billion requested by problems. Currently, the G.E.F. is funding pro- tries in the United States war on drugs. These the Administration in its passed Foreign Oper- grams to address a variety of environmental counterdrug operations are of vital interest to ations Bill. The fact remains that the replenish- problems including the promotion of a bio- our national security as the efforts of these ment of the IMF will ultimately benefit Amer- diversity, creating energy efficiency and clean- brave Latin American soldiers are aimed at re- ican workers, businesses and farmers by pro- ing up polluted water. Without additional fund- ducing the flow of drugs across our borders. tecting our economic strength. ing, G.E.F. will run out of money soon and this The U.S. Army School of the Americas has This bill also contains language restricting vital work will stop. been endorsed by the Department of State, foreign organizations who receive family plan- Many funding levels for programs that the the Department of Defense, the Department of ning assistance from using their own funds to Committee has reported will severely undercut the Army, the Office of National Drug Control H7960 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 Policy, and the Drug Enforcement Agency. crease the IMF's power over all member coun- thorized by section 10 of the Export-Import The School does far more good in promoting tries, including the United States U.S. investor Bank Act of 1945, as amended, $745,500,000 to democratic values and respect for human protection laws could be endangered, and remain available until September 30, 2003: Congress would have nothing to say about it. Provided, That such costs, including the cost rights among Latin American countries. of modifying such loans, shall be as defined This Member supports the sustainment of The IMF's proposed capital liberalization in section 502 of the Congressional Budget the U.S. Army School of the Americas as pro- strategy would also increase the likelihood and Act of 1974: Provided further, That such sums vided in the Foreign Operations and Export Fi- scope of future financial crises. Rapidly grow- shall remain available until 2014 for the dis- nancing Act for 1999 and urges his colleagues ing and extremely volatile international capital bursement of direct loans, loan guarantees, to do so as well. flows have rendered may emerging markets insurance and tied-aid grants obligated in Mrs. TAUSCHER. Mr. Chairman, I rise in and developing countries extremely vulnerable fiscal years 1999 and 2000: Provided further, support of the Pelosi amendment to fully fund to destabilizing speculative capital. The IMF's That none of the funds appropriated by this the International Monetary Fund. dismal record of predicting these crises in- Act or any prior Act appropriating funds for Mr. Chairman, Congress is once again pro- crease the possibility that Congress will be foreign operations, export financing, or re- lated programs for tied-aid credits or grants hibited from moving forward on the incredible called upon to bail out troubled economies in may be used for any other purpose except important issue of IMF replenishment. Earlier the future. If you add weakened capital regula- through the regular notification procedures this year, the House Banking Committee sup- tion to that mix, the sky becomes the limit for of the Committees on Appropriations: Pro- ported a bill to fully fund the IMF by a 40-9 these bailouts. vided further, That funds appropriated by this vote. This bipartisan measure includes needed Whatever you think of the MAI or the IMF, paragraph are made available notwithstand- reforms of the program to make the Fund the kind of important decisions contemplated ing section 2(b)(2) of the Export-Import Bank more transparent and accountable, improve to require the United States to remove con- Act of 1945, in connection with the purchase labor standards in recipient countries, and in- trols on the flow of capital should be made by or lease of any product by any East Euro- pean country, any Baltic State, or any agen- crease the effectiveness of market-oriented re- Congress, not unelected international bureau- crats. Furthermore, we should not be throwing cy or national thereof. forms. Unfortunately, since the consideration ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES of this measure in committee, IMF funding has good money after bad in these troubled for- eign economies by dumbing down their capital For administrative expenses to carry out been bogged down by extraneous issues. This the direct and guaranteed loan and insurance must stop. flow controls. We shouldn't give the IMF a blank check programs (to be computed on an accrual The global economy has been going basis), including hire of passenger motor ve- through a tumultuous time over the past year. with this bill and we definitely should not allow hicles and services as authorized by 5 U.S.C. First the Asian Tigers slipped, then Russia. the IMF to assume the ability to require the 3109, and not to exceed $20,000 for official re- Now we are receiving news that Brazil, one of weakening of the regulation of the movement ception and representation expenses for the strongest and largest economies in Latin of capital either here in the United States or in members of the Board of Directors, America, is experiencing economic retraction. other countries. $50,277,000: Provided, That necessary expenses The Klink/Ros-Lehtinen amendment would (including special services performed on a We need to stand up and do what's right, not have ensured that Congress has the say in contract or fee basis, but not including other only to bolster the global economy, but to pro- developing U.S. capital regulations and help personal services) in connection with the col- tect American economy, American jobs, and prevent or reduce any future bailouts by the lection of moneys owed the Export-Import American values. Should our economy falter, Bank, repossession or sale of pledged collat- IMF. I'm disappointed that our amendment the Federal budget surplus will be at risk. eral or other assets acquired by the Export- could not be debated today. How can we, as stewards of our Nation's Import Bank in satisfaction of moneys owed The CHAIRMAN. All time for general the Export-Import Bank, or the investiga- fiscal house, oppose IMF funding when failure debate has expired. to do so threatens to drag our strong domestic tion or appraisal of any property, or the Pursuant to the rule, the bill shall be evaluation of the legal or technical aspects economy along with it? I urge my colleagues considered for amendment under the 5- of any transaction for which an application to oppose the point of order and support full minute rule for a period not to exceed for a loan, guarantee or insurance commit- IMF funding. 5 hours and shall be considered read ment has been made, shall be considered Mr. KLINK. Mr. Chairman, it is disappointing through page 141, line 18. nonadministrative expenses for the purposes to me that the House is moving to approve The text of H.R. 4569 through page of this heading. new funding for the International Monetary 141, line 18 is as follows: OVERSEAS PRIVATE INVESTMENT CORPORATION Fund (IMF) in this legislation and shutting out Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- NONCREDIT ACCOUNT amendments on the IMF, because the IMF resentatives of the United States of America in The Overseas Private Investment Corpora- Board of Directors is working on a capital de- Congress assembled, That the following sums tion is authorized to make, without regard regulation agenda very similar to the Multilat- are appropriated, out of any money in the to fiscal year limitations, as provided by 31 Treasury not otherwise appropriated, for the U.S.C. 9104, such expenditures and commit- eral Agreement on Investment (MAI). fiscal year ending September 30, 1999, and for The amendment I intended to offer with my ments within the limits of funds available to other purposes, namely: it and in accordance with law as may be nec- friend from Florida, Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN, would TITLE I—EXPORT AND INVESTMENT essary: Provided, That the amount available have required the Secretary of the Treasury to ASSISTANCE for administrative expenses to carry out the oppose an attempt by the IMF to expand its EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF THE UNITED STATES credit and insurance programs (including an jurisdiction over international capital flows, be- The Export-Import Bank of the United amount for official reception and representa- fore any new money is released for the IMF. States is authorized to make such expendi- tion expenses which shall not exceed $35,000) We won't be able to offer that amendment tures within the limits of funds and borrow- shall not exceed $33,000,000: Provided further, because the rule for this bill puts time con- ing authority available to such corporation, That project-specific transaction costs, in- straints on amendments and does not make and in accordance with law, and to make cluding direct and indirect costs incurred in IMF amendments in order. That is unfortunate. such contracts and commitments without re- claims settlements, and other direct costs The MAI is a highly controversial inter- gard to fiscal year limitations, as provided associated with services provided to specific investors or potential investors pursuant to national investment treaty which has existed in by section 104 of the Government Corpora- tion Control Act, as may be necessary in car- section 234 of the Foreign Assistance Act of near obscurity for more than 2 years. The MAI rying out the program for the current fiscal 1961, shall not be considered administrative was conceived in secrecy, negotiated mostly year for such corporation: Provided, That expenses for the purposes of this heading. in secret, and, if the IMF has its way, it will im- none of the funds available during the cur- PROGRAM ACCOUNT plement provisions very similar to the MAI in rent fiscal year may be used to make expend- For the cost of direct and guaranteed secret. The future of the MAI is uncertain, but itures, contracts, or commitments for the loans, $50,000,000, as authorized by section 234 the IMF's plan to liberalize controls on capital export of nuclear equipment, fuel, or tech- of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to be is moving full speed ahead. nology to any country other than a nuclear- derived by transfer from the Overseas Pri- The IMF is working on an amendment to its weapon state as defined in Article IX of the vate Investment Corporation Noncredit Ac- Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear count: Provided, That such costs, including Articles of Agreement that would give the IMF Weapons eligible to receive economic or the power to require member countries to the cost of modifying such loans, shall be as military assistance under this Act that has defined in section 502 of the Congressional commit to full capital account liberalization. detonated a nuclear explosive after the date Budget Act of 1974: Provided further, That The IMF could then dictate to countries the re- of enactment of this Act. such sums shall be available for direct loan moval of all barriers to the international flow of SUBSIDY APPROPRIATION obligations and loan guaranty commitments capital. The IMF would become the ultimate For the cost of direct loans, loan guaran- incurred or made during fiscal years 1999 and enforcer of capital deregulation. This would in- tees, insurance, and tied-aid grants as au- 2000: Provided further, That such sums shall September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7961 remain available through fiscal year 2007 for abortions; and that in order to reduce reli- deemed to be among the most cost-effective the disbursement of direct and guaranteed ance on abortion in developing nations, and successful providers of development as- loans obligated in fiscal year 1999, and funds shall be available only to voluntary sistance. through fiscal year 2008 for the disbursement family planning projects which offer, either INTERNATIONAL DISASTER ASSISTANCE of direct and guaranteed loans obligated in directly or through referral to, or informa- For necessary expenses for international fiscal year 2000: Provided further, That in ad- tion about access to, a broad range of family disaster relief, rehabilitation, and recon- dition, such sums as may be necessary for planning methods and services: Provided fur- struction assistance pursuant to section 491 administrative expenses to carry out the ther, That in awarding grants for natural of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as credit program may be derived from amounts family planning under section 104 of the For- amended, $150,000,000, to remain available available for administrative expenses to eign Assistance Act of 1961 no applicant shall until expended. carry out the credit and insurance programs be discriminated against because of such ap- in the Overseas Private Investment Corpora- plicant’s religious or conscientious commit- MICRO AND SMALL ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT tion Noncredit Account and merged with ment to offer only natural family planning; PROGRAM ACCOUNT said account. and, additionally, all such applicants shall For the cost of direct loans and loan guar- FUNDS APPROPRIATED TO THE PRESIDENT comply with the requirements of the pre- antees, $1,500,000, as authorized by section 108 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY vious proviso: Provided further, That for pur- poses of this or any other Act authorizing or amended: Provided, That such costs shall be For necessary expenses to carry out the appropriating funds for foreign operations, as defined in section 502 of the Congressional provisions of section 661 of the Foreign As- export financing, and related programs, the Budget Act of 1974: Provided further, That sistance Act of 1961, $41,500,000, to remain term ‘‘motivate’’, as it relates to family guarantees of loans made under this heading available until September 30, 2000: , Provided planning assistance, shall not be construed in support of microenterprise activities may That the Trade and Development Agency to prohibit the provision, consistent with guarantee up to 70 percent of the principal may receive reimbursements from corpora- local law, of information or counseling about amount of any such loans notwithstanding tions and other entities for the costs of all pregnancy options: Provided further, That section 108 of the Foreign Assistance Act of grants for feasibility studies and other nothing in this paragraph shall be construed 1961. In addition, for administrative expenses project planning services, to be deposited as to alter any existing statutory prohibitions to carry out programs under this heading, an offsetting collection to this account and against abortion under section 104 of the $500,000, all of which may be transferred to to be available for obligation until Septem- Foreign Assistance Act of 1961: Provided fur- and merged with the appropriation for Oper- ber 30, 2000, for necessary expenses under this ther, That, notwithstanding section 109 of the ating Expenses of the Agency for Inter- paragraph: , That such reim- Provided further Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, of the funds national Development: Provided further, That bursements shall not cover, or be allocated appropriated under this heading in this Act, funds made available under this heading against, direct or indirect administrative and of the unobligated balances of funds pre- shall remain available until September 30, costs of the agency. viously appropriated under this heading, not 2000. TITLE II—BILATERAL ECONOMIC to exceed $2,500,000 may be transferred to URBAN AND ENVIRONMENTAL CREDIT PROGRAM ASSISTANCE ‘‘International Organizations and Programs’’ ACCOUNT FUNDS APPROPRIATED TO THE PRESIDENT for a contribution to the International Fund For administrative expenses to carry out For expenses necessary to enable the Presi- for Agricultural Development (IFAD), and guaranteed loan programs, $5,500,000, all of dent to carry out the provisions of the For- that any such transfer of funds shall be sub- which may be transferred to and merged eign Assistance Act of 1961, and for other ject to the regular notification procedures of with the appropriation for Operating Ex- purposes, to remain available until Septem- the Committees on Appropriations: Provided penses of the Agency for International De- ber 30, 1999, unless otherwise specified here- further, That none of the funds appropriated velopment. under this heading may be made available in, as follows: PAYMENT TO THE FOREIGN SERVICE for any activity which is in contravention to AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT RETIREMENT AND DISABILITY FUND the Convention on International Trade in CHILD SURVIVAL AND DISEASE PROGRAMS FUND Endangered Species of Flora and Fauna For payment to the ‘‘Foreign Service Re- For necessary expenses to carry out the (CITES): Provided further, That none of the tirement and Disability Fund’’, as author- provisions of chapters 1 and 10 of part I of funds appropriated under this heading may ized by the Foreign Service Act of 1980, the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, for child be made available for assistance for the cen- $44,552,000. survival, basic education, assistance to com- tral Government of the Republic of South OPERATING EXPENSES OF THE AGENCY FOR bat tropical and other diseases, and related Africa, until the Secretary of State reports INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT activities, in addition to funds otherwise in writing to the appropriate committees of For necessary expenses to carry out the available for such purposes, $650,000,000, to the Congress on the steps being taken by the provisions of section 667, $460,000,000: Pro- remain available until expended: , Provided United States Government to negotiate the vided, That none of the funds appropriated by That this amount shall be made available for repeal, suspension, or termination of section this Act for programs administered by the such activities as: (1) immunization pro- 15(c) of South Africa’s Medicines and Related Agency for International Development may grams; (2) oral rehydration programs; (3) Substances Control Amendment Act No. 90 be used to finance printing costs of any re- health and nutrition programs, and related of 1997. port or study (except feasibility, design, or education programs, which address the needs PRIVATE AND VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATIONS evaluation reports or studies) in excess of of mothers and children; (4) water and sani- $25,000 without the approval of the Adminis- tation programs; (5) assistance for displaced None of the funds appropriated by this Act for development assistance may be made trator of the Agency or the Administrator’s and orphaned children; (6) programs for the designee. prevention, treatment, and control of, and available to any United States private and research on, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, polio, voluntary organization, except any coopera- OPERATING EXPENSES OF THE AGENCY FOR malaria and other diseases; and (7) up to tive development organization, which ob- INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT OFFICE OF IN- $98,000,000 for basic education programs for tains less than 20 percent of its total annual SPECTOR GENERAL children: Provided further, That none of the funding for international activities from For necessary expenses to carry out the funds appropriated under this heading may sources other than the United States Gov- provisions of section 667, $31,500,000, to re- be made available for nonproject assistance. ernment: Provided, That the requirements of main available until September 30, 2000, the provisions of section 123(g) of the For- DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE which sum shall be available for the Office of eign Assistance Act of 1961 and the provi- the Inspector General of the Agency for (INCLUDING TRANSFER OF FUNDS) sions on private and voluntary organizations International Development. For necessary expenses to carry out the in title II of the Foreign Assistance and Re- OTHER BILATERAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE provisions of sections 103 through 106 and lated Programs Appropriations Act, 1985 (as chapter 10 of part I of the Foreign Assistance enacted in Public Law 98–473) shall be super- ECONOMIC SUPPORT FUND Act of 1961, $1,174,000,000, to remain available seded by the provisions of this section, ex- For necessary expenses to carry out the until September 30, 2000: Provided, That none cept that the authority contained in the last provisions of chapter 4 of part II, of the funds made available in this Act nor sentence of section 123(g) may be exercised $2,326,000,000, to remain available until Sep- any unobligated balances from prior appro- by the Administrator with regard to the re- tember 30, 2000: Provided, That of the funds priations may be made available to any or- quirements of this paragraph. appropriated under this heading, not to ex- ganization or program which, as determined Funds appropriated under title II of this ceed $1,080,000,000 shall be available only for by the President of the United States, sup- Act should be made available to private and Israel, which sum shall be available on a ports or participates in the management of a voluntary organizations at a level which is grant basis as a cash transfer and shall be program of coercive abortion or involuntary at least equivalent to the level provided in disbursed within 30 days of enactment of this sterilization: Provided further, That none of fiscal year 1995. Such private and voluntary Act or by October 31, 1998, whichever is later: the funds made available under this heading organizations shall include those which oper- Provided further, That not to exceed may be used to pay for the performance of ate on a not-for-profit basis, receive con- $775,000,000 shall be available only for Egypt, abortion as a method of family planning or tributions from private sources, receive vol- which sum shall be provided on a grant basis, to motivate or coerce any person to practice untary support from the public and are and of which sum cash transfer assistance H7962 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 may be provided, with the understanding have been made available for an Enterprise lized, the amount provided under the pre- that Egypt will undertake significant eco- Fund may be deposited by such Fund in in- vious proviso may be used for other purposes nomic reforms which are additional to those terest-bearing accounts prior to the Fund’s under this heading. which were undertaken in previous fiscal disbursement of such funds for program pur- (f) Funds provided under the previous sub- years: Provided further, That in exercising poses. The Fund may retain for such pro- section shall be made available for humani- the authority to provide cash transfer assist- gram purposes any interest earned on such tarian assistance for refugees, displaced per- ance for Israel, the President shall ensure deposits without returning such interest to sons, and needy civilians affected by the con- that the level of such assistance does not the Treasury of the United States and with- flicts in the Southern Caucasus region, in- cause an adverse impact on the total level of out further appropriation by the Congress. cluding those in Abkhazia and Nagorno- nonmilitary exports from the United States Funds made available for Enterprise Funds Karabakh, notwithstanding any other provi- to such country. shall be expended at the minimum rate nec- sion of this or any other Act. INTERNATIONAL FUND FOR IRELAND essary to make timely payment for projects (g) Section 907 of the FREEDOM Support Act shall not apply to— For necessary expenses to carry out the and activities. (1) activities to support democracy or as- provisions of chapter 4 of part II of the For- ASSISTANCE FOR THE NEW INDEPENDENT sistance under title V of the FREEDOM Sup- eign Assistance Act of 1961, $19,600,000, which STATES OF THE FORMER SOVIET UNION port Act and section 1424 of Public Law 104– shall be available for the United States con- (a) For necessary expenses to carry out the 201; tribution to the International Fund for Ire- provisions of chapter 11 of part I of the For- (2) any assistance provided by the Trade land and shall be made available in accord- eign Assistance Act of 1961 and the FREE- and Development Agency under section 661 ance with the provisions of the Anglo-Irish DOM Support Act, for assistance for the new of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 Agreement Support Act of 1986 (Public Law independent states of the former Soviet U.S.C. 2421); and 99–415): Provided, That such amount shall be Union and for related programs, $590,000,000, (3) any activity carried out by a member of expended at the minimum rate necessary to to remain available until September 30, 2000: the United States and Foreign Commercial make timely payment for projects and ac- Provided, That the provisions of such chapter Service while acting within his or her offi- tivities: Provided further, That funds made shall apply to funds appropriated by this cial capacity. available under this heading shall remain paragraph. (h) Funds appropriated under this heading available until September 30, 2000. (b) Funds appropriated under title II of or in prior appropriations Acts that are or this Act, including funds appropriated under ASSISTANCE FOR EASTERN EUROPE AND THE have been made available for an Enterprise this heading, should be made available for BALTIC STATES Fund may be deposited by such Fund in in- assistance for Mongolia at a level which is at (a) For necessary expenses to carry out the terest-bearing accounts prior to the Fund’s least equivalent to the level provided in fis- provisions of the Foreign Assistance Act of disbursement of such funds for program pur- cal year 1998: Provided, That funds made 1961 and the Support for East European De- poses. The Fund may retain for such pro- available for assistance for Mongolia may be mocracy (SEED) Act of 1989, $450,000,000, to gram purposes any interest earned on such made available in accordance with the pur- remain available until September 30, 2000, deposits without returning such interest to poses and utilizing the authorities provided which shall be available, notwithstanding the Treasury of the United States and with- in chapter 11 of part I of the Foreign Assist- any other provision of law, for economic as- out further appropriation by the Congress. ance Act of 1961. sistance and for related programs for East- Funds made available for Enterprise Funds (c)(1) Of the funds appropriated under this ern Europe and the Baltic States. shall be expended at the minimum rate nec- heading that are allocated for assistance for (b) Funds appropriated under this heading essary to make timely payment for projects the Government of Russia, 50 percent shall shall be considered to be economic assist- and activities. ance under the Foreign Assistance Act of be withheld from obligation until the Presi- INDEPENDENT AGENCIES 1961 for purposes of making available the ad- dent determines and certifies in writing to ministrative authorities contained in that the Committees on Appropriations that the INTER-AMERICAN FOUNDATION Act for the use of economic assistance. Government of Russia has terminated imple- For expenses necessary to carry out the (c) None of the funds appropriated under mentation of arrangements to provide Iran functions of the Inter-American Foundation this heading may be made available for new with technical expertise, training, tech- in accordance with the provisions of section housing construction or repair or reconstruc- nology, or equipment necessary to develop a 401 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1969, and tion of existing housing in Bosnia and nuclear reactor, related nuclear research fa- to make commitments without regard to fis- Herzegovina unless directly related to the ef- cilities or programs, or ballistic missile ca- cal year limitations, as provided by 31 U.S.C. forts of United States troops to promote pability. 9104(b)(3), $20,680,000. peace in said country. (2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1) assist- AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION ance may be provided for the Government of (d) With regard to funds appropriated For expenses necessary to carry out title V Russia if the President determines and cer- under this heading for the economic revital- of the International Security and Develop- tifies to the Committees on Appropriations ization program in Bosnia and Herzegovina, ment Cooperation Act of 1980, Public Law 96– that making such funds available: (A) is and local currencies generated by such funds 533, and to make commitments without re- vital to the national security interest of the (including the conversion of funds appro- gard to fiscal year limitations (31 U.S.C. United States; and (B) that the Government priated under this heading into currency 9104(b)(3)), $13,160,000: Provided, That funds of Russia is taking meaningful steps to limit used by Bosnia and Herzegovina as local cur- made available to grantees may be invested major supply contracts and to curtail the rency and local currency returned or repaid pending expenditure for project purposes transfer of technology and technological ex- under such program)— when authorized by the President of the pertise related to activities referred to in (1) the Administrator of the Agency for Foundation: Provided further, That interest International Development shall provide paragraph (1). (d) Not more than 25 percent of the funds earned shall be used only for the purposes for written approval for grants and loans prior which the grant was made: Provided further, to the obligation and expenditure of funds appropriated under this heading may be made available for assistance for any coun- That this authority applies to interest for such purposes, and prior to the use of earned both prior to and following enact- funds that have been returned or repaid to try in the region. (e) Of the funds appropriated under this ment of this provision: Provided further, That any lending facility or grantee; and notwithstanding section 505(a)(2) of the Afri- (2) the provisions of section 532 of this Act heading, not less than 33 percent shall be made available for assistance for the South- can Development Foundation Act, in excep- shall apply. tional circumstances the board of directors (e) The President is authorized to withhold ern Caucasus region: Provided, That of the of the Foundation may waive the $250,000 funds appropriated under this heading made funds made available for the Southern limitation contained in that section with re- available for economic revitalization pro- Caucasus region, 40 percent should be used spect to a project: Provided further, That the grams in Bosnia and Herzegovina, if he de- for reconstruction and other activities relat- Foundation shall provide a report to the termines and certifies to the Committees on ing to the peaceful resolution of conflicts Committees on Appropriations after each Appropriations that the Federation of Bos- within the region, especially those in the vi- time such waiver authority is exercised. nia and Herzegovina has not complied with cinity of Abkhazia and Nagorno-Karabakh: article III of annex 1–A of the General Provided further, That funds made available PEACE CORPS Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia to parties participating in the Minsk Process For expenses necessary to carry out the and Herzegovina concerning the withdrawal under the first proviso of this subsection provisions of the Peace Corps Act (75 Stat. of foreign forces, and that intelligence co- shall be provided only to those parties which 612), $230,000,000, including the purchase of operation on training, investigations, and re- agree to participate in direct or proximity not to exceed five passenger motor vehicles lated activities between Iranian officials and negotiations without preconditions to re- for administrative purposes for use outside Bosnian officials has not been terminated. solve conflicts in the region: Provided further, of the United States: Provided, That none of (f) Not to exceed $225,000,000 of the funds That if the Secretary of State after May 30, the funds appropriated under this heading appropriated under this heading may be 1999, determines and reports to the relevant shall be used to pay for abortions: Provided made available for Bosnia and Herzegovina. committees of Congress that the full amount further, That funds appropriated under this (g) Funds appropriated under this heading of funds that may be made available under heading shall remain available until Septem- or in prior appropriations Acts that are or the first proviso cannot be effectively uti- ber 30, 2000. September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7963

DEPARTMENT OF STATE available for the International Atomic En- funds appropriated under this heading for INTERNATIONAL NARCOTICS CONTROL ergy Agency only if the Secretary of State grant financed military education and train- For necessary expenses to carry out sec- determines (and so reports to the Congress) ing for Indonesia and Guatemala may only tion 481 of the Foreign Assistance Act of that Israel is not being denied its right to be available for expanded international mili- 1961, $275,000,000: Provided, That during fiscal participate in the activities of that Agency: tary education and training and funds made year 1999, the Department of State may also Provided further, That the Secretary of State available for Guatemala may only be pro- use the authority of section 608 of the Act, shall submit to the appropriate congres- vided through the regular notification proce- without regard to its restrictions, to receive sional committees an annual report (to be dures of the Committees on Appropriations: excess property from an agency of the United submitted with the annual presentation for Provided further, That none of the funds ap- States Government for the purpose of provid- appropriations) providing a full and detailed propriated under this heading may be made ing it to a foreign country under chapter 8 of accounting of the fiscal year request for the available to support grant financed military part I of that Act subject to the regular noti- United States contribution to KEDO, the ex- education and training at the School of the Americas unless the Secretary of Defense fication procedures of the Committees on pected operating budget of KEDO, to include certifies that the instruction and training Appropriations. unpaid debt, proposed annual costs associ- ated with heavy fuel oil purchases, and the provided by the School of the Americas is MIGRATION AND REFUGEE ASSISTANCE amount of funds pledged by other donor na- fully consistent with training and doctrine, For expenses, not otherwise provided for, tions and organizations to support KEDO ac- particularly with respect to the observance necessary to enable the Secretary of State to tivities on a per country basis, and other re- of human rights, provided by the Depart- provide, as authorized by law, a contribution lated activities. ment of Defense to United States military to the International Committee of the Red students at Department of Defense institu- DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Cross, assistance to refugees, including con- tions whose primary purpose is to train tributions to the International Organization DEBT RESTRUCTURING United States military personnel: Provided for Migration and the United Nations High For the cost, as defined in section 502 of further, That the Secretary of Defense shall Commissioner for Refugees, and other activi- the Congressional Budget Act of 1974, of submit to the Committees on Appropria- ties to meet refugee and migration needs; modifying direct loans and loan guarantees, tions, no later than January 15, 1999, a report salaries and expenses of personnel and de- as the President may determine, for which detailing the training activities of the pendents as authorized by the Foreign Serv- funds have been appropriated or otherwise School of the Americas and a general assess- ice Act of 1980; allowances as authorized by made available for programs within the ment regarding the performance of its grad- sections 5921 through 5925 of title 5, United International Affairs Budget Function 150, uates during 1997. States Code; purchase and hire of passenger including the cost of selling, reducing, or FOREIGN MILITARY FINANCING PROGRAM motor vehicles; and services as authorized by canceling amounts, through debt buybacks For expenses necessary for grants to en- section 3109 of title 5, United States Code, and swaps, owed to the United States as a re- able the President to carry out the provi- $640,000,000: Provided, That not more than sult of concessional loans made to eligible sions of section 23 of the Arms Export Con- $12,000,000 shall be available for administra- Latin American and Caribbean countries, trol Act, $3,335,910,000: Provided, That of the tive expenses. pursuant to part IV of the Foreign Assist- funds appropriated under this heading, not UNITED STATES EMERGENCY REFUGEE AND ance Act of 1961; of modifying concessional to exceed $1,860,000,000 shall be available for MIGRATION ASSISTANCE FUND credit agreements with least developed coun- grants only for Israel, and not to exceed For necessary expenses to carry out the tries, as authorized under section 411 of the $1,300,000,000 shall be made available for provisions of section 2(c) of the Migration Agricultural Trade Development and Assist- grants only for Egypt: Provided further, That and Refugee Assistance Act of 1962, as ance Act of 1954, as amended, and the funds appropriated by this paragraph for amended (22 U.S.C. 260(c)), $30,000,000, to re- concessional loans, guarantees and credit Israel shall be disbursed within 30 days of en- main available until expended: Provided, agreements with any country in sub-Saharan actment of this Act or by October 31, 1998, That the funds made available under this Africa, as authorized under section 572 of the whichever is later: Provided further, That to heading are appropriated notwithstanding Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and the extent that the Government of Israel re- the provisions contained in section 2(c)(2) of Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1989 quests that funds be used for such purposes, the Migration and Refugee Assistance Act of (Public Law 100–461); and of modifying any grants made available for Israel by this para- 1962 which would limit the amount of funds obligation, or portion of such obligation for graph shall, as agreed by Israel and the which could be appropriated for this purpose. Latin American countries to pay for pur- United States, be available for advanced chases of United States agricultural com- NONPROLIFERATION, ANTI-TERRORISM, weapons systems, of which not less than modities guaranteed by the Commodity DEMINING AND RELATED PROGRAMS $490,000,000 shall be available for the procure- Credit Corporation under export credit guar- ment in Israel of defense articles and defense For necessary expenses for nonprolifera- antee programs authorized pursuant to sec- services, including research and develop- tion, anti-terrorism and related programs tion 5(f ) of the Commodity Credit Corpora- ment: Provided further, That during fiscal and activities, $152,000,000, to carry out the tion Charter Act of June 29, 1948, as amend- year 1999 the President is authorized to, and provisions of chapter 8 of part II of the For- ed, section 4(b) of the Food for Peace Act of shall, direct drawdowns of defense articles eign Assistance Act of 1961 for anti-terrorism 1966, as amended (Public Law 89–808), or sec- from the stocks of the Department of De- assistance, section 504 of the FREEDOM Sup- tion 202 of the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978, fense, defense services of the Department of port Act for the Nonproliferation and Disar- as amended (Public Law 95–501); $36,000,000, Defense, and military education and training mament Fund, section 23 of the Arms Export to remain available until expended: Provided, of an aggregate value of not less than Control Act or the Foreign Assistance Act of That not to exceed $2,900,000 of such funds $25,000,000 under the authority of this proviso 1961 for demining, the clearance of may be used for implementation of improve- for Jordan for the purposes of part II of the unexploded ordnance, and related activities, ments in the foreign credit reporting system Foreign Assistance Act of 1961: Provided fur- notwithstanding any other provision of law, of the United States Government: Provided ther, That section 506(c) of the Foreign As- including activities implemented through further, That the authority provided by sec- sistance Act of 1961 shall apply, and section nongovernmental and international organi- tion 572 of Public Law 100–461 may be exer- 632(d) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 zations, section 301 of the Foreign Assistance cised only with respect to countries that are shall not apply, to any such drawdown: Pro- Act of 1961 for a voluntary contribution to eligible to borrow from the International De- vided further, That none of the funds made the International Atomic Energy Agency velopment Association, but not from the available under this heading shall be avail- (IAEA), and for a United States contribution International Bank for Reconstruction and able for any non-NATO country participat- to the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Development, commonly referred to as ing in the Partnership for Peace Program ex- Treaty Preparatory Commission: Provided, ‘‘IDA-only’’ countries. cept through the regular notification proce- That of this amount not to exceed $15,000,000, TITLE III—MILITARY ASSISTANCE dures of the Committees on Appropriations: to remain available until expended, may be Provided further, That funds appropriated by FUNDS APPROPRIATED TO THE PRESIDENT made available for the Nonproliferation and this paragraph shall be nonrepayable not- Disarmament Fund, notwithstanding any INTERNATIONAL MILITARY EDUCATION AND withstanding any requirement in section 23 other provision of law, to promote bilateral TRAINING of the Arms Export Control Act: Provided and multilateral activities relating to non- For necessary expenses to carry out the further, That funds made available under this proliferation and disarmament: Provided fur- provisions of section 541 of the Foreign As- heading shall be obligated upon apportion- ther, That such funds may also be used for sistance Act of 1961, $50,000,000 of which up to ment in accordance with paragraph (5)(C) of such countries other than the new independ- $1,000,000 may remain available until ex- title 31, United States Code, section 1501(a). ent states of the former Soviet Union and pended: Provided, That the civilian personnel For the cost, as defined in section 502 of international organizations when it is in the for whom military education and training the Congressional Budget Act of 1974, of di- national security interest of the United may be provided under this heading may in- rect loans authorized by section 23 of the States to do so: Provided further, That such clude civilians who are not members of a Arms Export Control Act as follows: cost of funds shall be subject to the regular notifica- government whose participation would con- direct loans, $20,000,000: Provided, That these tion procedures of the Committees on Appro- tribute to improved civil-military relations, funds are available to subsidize gross obliga- priations: Provided further, That funds appro- civilian control of the military, or respect tions for the principal amount of direct loans priated under this heading may be made for human rights: Provided further, That of not to exceed $167,000,000. H7964 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 None of the funds made available under cility (GEF), $42,500,000, to remain available ment may subscribe without fiscal year limi- this heading shall be available to finance the until September 30, 2000, which shall be tation to the callable capital portion of the procurement of defense articles, defense available for contributions previously due. United States share of such capital stock in services, or design and construction services CONTRIBUTION TO THE INTERNATIONAL an amount not to exceed $123,237,803. that are not sold by the United States Gov- DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND PROGRAMS ernment under the Arms Export Control Act For payment to the International Develop- For necessary expenses to carry out the unless the foreign country proposing to ment Association by the Secretary of the provisions of section 301 of the Foreign As- make such procurements has first signed an Treasury, $800,000,000, to remain available sistance Act of 1961, and of section 2 of the agreement with the United States Govern- until expended. United Nations Environment Program Par- ment specifying the conditions under which CONTRIBUTION TO THE INTER-AMERICAN ticipation Act of 1973, $157,250,000: Provided, such procurements may be financed with DEVELOPMENT BANK That none of the funds appropriated under such funds: Provided, That all country and For payment to the Inter-American Devel- this heading may be made available for the funding level increases in allocations shall opment Bank by the Secretary of the Treas- United Nations Fund for Science and Tech- be submitted through the regular notifica- ury, for the United States share of the paid- nology: Provided further, That none of the tion procedures of section 515 of this Act: in share portion of the increase in capital funds appropriated under this heading may Provided further, That none of the funds ap- stock, $25,610,667, and for the United States be made available for the United Nations propriated under this heading shall be avail- share of the increase in the resources of the Population Fund (UNFPA): Provided further, able for Sudan and Liberia: Provided further, Fund for Special Operations, $21,152,000, to That none of the funds appropriated under That funds made available under this head- remain available until expended, which shall this heading may be made available for the ing may be used, notwithstanding any other be available for contributions previously Korean Peninsula Energy Development Orga- provision of law, for demining, the clearance due. nization (KEDO) or the International Atomic of unexploded ordnance, and related activi- LIMITATION ON CALLABLE CAPITAL Energy Agency (IAEA). ties and may include activities implemented SUBSCRIPTIONS through nongovernmental and international TITLE V—GENERAL PROVISIONS organizations: Provided further, That only The United States Governor of the Inter- OBLIGATIONS DURING LAST MONTH OF those countries for which assistance was jus- American Development Bank may subscribe AVAILABILITY tified for the ‘‘Foreign Military Sales Fi- without fiscal year limitation to the callable capital portion of the United States share of SEC. 501. Except for the appropriations en- nancing Program’’ in the fiscal year 1989 titled ‘‘International Disaster Assistance’’, congressional presentation for security as- such capital stock in an amount not to ex- ceed $1,503,718,910. and ‘‘United States Emergency Refugee and sistance programs may utilize funds made Migration Assistance Fund’’, not more than CONTRIBUTION TO THE ENTERPRISE FOR THE available under this heading for procurement 15 percent of any appropriation item made AMERICAS MULTILATERAL INVESTMENT FUND of defense articles, defense services or design available by this Act shall be obligated dur- and construction services that are not sold For payment to the Enterprise for the ing the last month of availability. by the United States Government under the Americas Multilateral Investment Fund by PROHIBITION OF BILATERAL FUNDING FOR Arms Export Control Act: Provided further, the Secretary of the Treasury, for the United INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS That, subject to the regular notification pro- States contribution to the Fund to be admin- cedures of the Committees on Appropria- istered by the Inter-American Development SEC. 502. Notwithstanding section 614 of tions, funds made available under this head- Bank, $50,000,000 to remain available until the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as ing for the cost of direct loans may also be expended, which shall be available for con- amended, none of the funds contained in title used to supplement the funds available under tributions previously due. II of this Act may be used to carry out the this heading for grants, and funds made CONTRIBUTION TO THE ASIAN DEVELOPMENT provisions of section 209(d) of the Foreign available under this heading for grants may BANK Assistance Act of 1961. also be used to supplement the funds avail- For payment to the Asian Development LIMITATION ON RESIDENCE EXPENSES able under this heading for the cost of direct Bank by the Secretary of the Treasury for SEC. 503. Of the funds appropriated or made loans: Provided further, That funds appro- the United States share of the paid-in por- available pursuant to this Act, not to exceed priated under this heading shall be expended tion of the increase in capital stock, $126,500 shall be for official residence ex- at the minimum rate necessary to make $13,221,596, to remain available until ex- penses of the Agency for International De- timely payment for defense articles and pended. velopment during the current fiscal year: services: Provided further, That not more LIMITATION ON CALLABLE CAPITAL Provided, That appropriate steps shall be than $29,910,000 of the funds appropriated SUBSCRIPTIONS taken to assure that, to the maximum ex- under this heading may be obligated for nec- The United States Governor of the Asian tent possible, United States-owned foreign essary expenses, including the purchase of Development Bank may subscribe without currencies are utilized in lieu of dollars. passenger motor vehicles for replacement fiscal year limitation to the callable capital LIMITATION ON EXPENSES only for use outside of the United States, for portion of the United States share of such SEC. 504. Of the funds appropriated or made the general costs of administering military capital stock in an amount not to exceed available pursuant to this Act, not to exceed assistance and sales: Provided further, That $647,858,204. none of the funds under this heading shall be $5,000 shall be for entertainment expenses of CONTRIBUTION TO THE ASIAN DEVELOPMENT available for Guatemala: Provided further, the Agency for International Development FUND That not more than $340,000,000 of funds real- during the current fiscal year. For the United States contribution by the ized pursuant to section 21(e)(1)(A) of the LIMITATION ON REPRESENTATIONAL Secretary of the Treasury to the increases in Arms Export Control Act may be obligated ALLOWANCES resources of the Asian Development Fund, as for expenses incurred by the Department of authorized by the Asian Development Bank SEC. 505. Of the funds appropriated or made Defense during fiscal year 1999 pursuant to Act, as amended (Public Law 89–369), available pursuant to this Act, not to exceed section 43(b) of the Arms Export Control Act, $210,000,000, to remain available until ex- $95,000 shall be available for representation except that this limitation may be exceeded pended, of which $150,000,000 shall be avail- allowances for the Agency for International only through the regular notification proce- able for contributions previously due. Development during the current fiscal year: dures of the Committees on Appropriations. Provided, That appropriate steps shall be CONTRIBUTION TO THE AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS taken to assure that, to the maximum ex- FUND tent possible, United States-owned foreign For necessary expenses to carry out the For the United States contribution by the currencies are utilized in lieu of dollars: Pro- provisions of section 551 of the Foreign As- Secretary of the Treasury to the increase in vided further, That of the funds made avail- sistance Act of 1961, $62,250,000: Provided, resources of the African Development Fund, able by this Act for general costs of admin- That none of the funds appropriated under $128,000,000, to remain available until ex- istering military assistance and sales under this heading shall be obligated or expended pended, of which $88,300,000 shall be available the heading ‘‘Foreign Military Financing except as provided through the regular noti- for contributions previously due. fication procedures of the Committees on Program’’, not to exceed $2,000 shall be avail- Appropriations. CONTRIBUTION TO THE EUROPEAN BANK FOR able for entertainment expenses and not to RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT TITLE IV—MULTILATERAL ECONOMIC exceed $50,000 shall be available for represen- For payment to the European Bank for Re- ASSISTANCE tation allowances: Provided further, That of construction and Development by the Sec- the funds made available by this Act under FUNDS APPROPRIATED TO THE PRESIDENT retary of the Treasury, $35,778,717, for the the heading ‘‘International Military Edu- INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS United States share of the paid-in portion of cation and Training ’’, not to exceed $50,000 CONTRIBUTION TO THE INTERNATIONAL BANK the increase in capital stock, to remain shall be available for entertainment allow- FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT available until expended. ances: Provided further, That of the funds For payment to the International Bank for LIMITATION ON CALLABLE CAPITAL made available by this Act for the Inter- Reconstruction and Development by the Sec- SUBSCRIPTIONS American Foundation, not to exceed $2,000 retary of the Treasury, for the United States The United States Governor of the Euro- shall be available for entertainment and rep- contribution to the Global Environment Fa- pean Bank for Reconstruction and Develop- resentation allowances: Provided further, September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7965 That of the funds made available by this Act Provided, That the authority of this sub- ference, or training in connection with the for the Peace Corps, not to exceed a total of section may not be used in fiscal year 1999. growth or production in a foreign country of $4,000 shall be available for entertainment AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS an agricultural commodity for export which expenses: Provided further, That of the funds would compete with a similar commodity SEC. 511. No part of any appropriation con- grown or produced in the United States: Pro- made available by this Act under the head- tained in this Act shall remain available for vided, That this subsection shall not pro- ing ‘‘Trade and Development Agency’’, not obligation after the expiration of the current hibit— to exceed $2,000 shall be available for rep- fiscal year unless expressly so provided in (1) activities designed to increase food se- resentation and entertainment allowances. this Act: Provided, That funds appropriated curity in developing countries where such PROHIBITION ON FINANCING NUCLEAR GOODS for the purposes of chapters 1, 8, and 11 of activities will not have a significant impact SEC. 506. None of the funds appropriated or part I, section 667, and chapter 4 of part II of in the export of agricultural commodities of made available (other than funds for ‘‘Non- the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as the United States; or proliferation, Anti-terrorism, Demining and amended, and funds provided under the head- (2) research activities intended primarily Related Programs’’) pursuant to this Act, for ing ‘‘Assistance for Eastern Europe and the to benefit American producers. carrying out the Foreign Assistance Act of Baltic States’’, shall remain available until 1961, may be used, except for purposes of nu- expended if such funds are initially obligated SURPLUS COMMODITIES clear safety, to finance the export of nuclear before the expiration of their respective peri- SEC. 514. The Secretary of the Treasury equipment, fuel, or technology. ods of availability contained in this Act: Pro- shall instruct the United States Executive Directors of the International Bank for Re- PROHIBITION AGAINST DIRECT FUNDING FOR vided further, That, notwithstanding any construction and Development, the Inter- CERTAIN COUNTRIES other provision of this Act, any funds made available for the purposes of chapter 1 of national Development Association, the SEC. 507. None of the funds appropriated or part I and chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign International Finance Corporation, the otherwise made available pursuant to this Assistance Act of 1961 which are allocated or Inter-American Development Bank, the Act shall be obligated or expended to finance obligated for cash disbursements in order to International Monetary Fund, the Asian De- directly any assistance or reparations to address balance of payments or economic velopment Bank, the Inter-American Invest- Cuba, Iraq, Libya, North Korea, Iran, Sudan, policy reform objectives, shall remain avail- ment Corporation, the North American De- or Syria: Provided, That for purposes of this able until expended: Provided further, That velopment Bank, the European Bank for Re- section, the prohibition on obligations or ex- the report required by section 653(a) of the construction and Development, the African penditures shall include direct loans, credits, Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 shall des- Development Bank, and the African Develop- insurance and guarantees of the Export-Im- ignate for each country, to the extent known ment Fund to use the voice and vote of the port Bank or its agents. at the time of submission of such report, United States to oppose any assistance by MILITARY COUPS those funds allocated for cash disbursement these institutions, using funds appropriated SEC. 508. None of the funds appropriated or for balance of payment and economic policy or made available pursuant to this Act, for otherwise made available pursuant to this reform purposes. the production or extraction of any commod- Act shall be obligated or expended to finance ity or mineral for export, if it is in surplus LIMITATION ON ASSISTANCE TO COUNTRIES IN on world markets and if the assistance will directly any assistance to any country whose DEFAULT duly elected head of government is deposed cause substantial injury to United States SEC. 512. No part of any appropriation con- by military coup or decree: Provided, That producers of the same, similar, or competing tained in this Act shall be used to furnish as- assistance may be resumed to such country commodity. sistance to any country which is in default if the President determines and reports to NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS during a period in excess of one calendar the Committees on Appropriations that sub- SEC. 515. (a) For the purposes of providing year in payment to the United States of sequent to the termination of assistance a the executive branch with the necessary ad- principal or interest on any loan made to democratically elected government has ministrative flexibility, none of the funds such country by the United States pursuant taken office. made available under this Act for ‘‘Child to a program for which funds are appro- TRANSFERS BETWEEN ACCOUNTS Survival and Disease Programs Fund’’, ‘‘De- priated under this Act: Provided, That this velopment assistance’’, ‘‘International Orga- SEC. 509. None of the funds made available section and section 620(q) of the Foreign As- nizations and Programs’’, ‘‘Trade and Devel- by this Act may be obligated under an appro- sistance Act of 1961 shall not apply to funds opment Agency’’, ‘‘International narcotics priation account to which they were not ap- made available in this Act or during the cur- control’’, ‘‘Assistance for Eastern Europe propriated, except for transfers specifically rent fiscal year for Nicaragua, Brazil, the and the Baltic States’’, ‘‘Assistance for the provided for in this Act, unless the Presi- Democratic Republic of Congo, and Liberia, New Independent States of the Former So- dent, prior to the exercise of any authority and for any narcotics-related assistance for viet Union’’, ‘‘Economic Support Fund’’, contained in the Foreign Assistance Act of Colombia, Bolivia, and Peru authorized by ‘‘Peacekeeping operations’’, ‘‘Operating ex- 1961 to transfer funds, consults with and pro- the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 or the penses of the Agency for International De- vides a written policy justification to the Arms Export Control Act. velopment’’, ‘‘Operating expenses of the Committees on Appropriations of the House COMMERCE AND TRADE Agency for International Development Office of Representatives and the Senate: Provided, SEC. 513. (a) None of the funds appropriated of Inspector General’’, ‘‘Nonproliferation, That the exercise of such authority shall be or made available pursuant to this Act for anti-terrorism, demining and related pro- subject to the regular notification proce- direct assistance and none of the funds oth- grams’’, ‘‘Foreign Military Financing Pro- dures of the Committees on Appropriations. erwise made available pursuant to this Act gram’’, ‘‘International military education DEOBLIGATION/REOBLIGATION AUTHORITY to the Export-Import Bank and the Overseas and training ’’, ‘‘Peace Corps’’, ‘‘Migration SEC. 510. (a) Amounts certified pursuant to Private Investment Corporation shall be ob- and refugee assistance’’, shall be available section 1311 of the Supplemental Appropria- ligated or expended to finance any loan, any for obligation for activities, programs, tions Act, 1955, as having been obligated assistance or any other financial commit- projects, type of materiel assistance, coun- against appropriations heretofore made ments for establishing or expanding produc- tries, or other operations not justified or in under the authority of the Foreign Assist- tion of any commodity for export by any excess of the amount justified to the Appro- ance Act of 1961 for the same general purpose country other than the United States, if the priations Committees for obligation under as any of the headings under title II of this commodity is likely to be in surplus on any of these specific headings unless the Ap- Act are, if deobligated, hereby continued world markets at the time the resulting pro- propriations Committees of both Houses of available for the same period as the respec- ductive capacity is expected to become oper- Congress are previously notified 15 days in tive appropriations under such headings or ative and if the assistance will cause sub- advance: Provided, That the President shall until September 30, 1999, whichever is later, stantial injury to United States producers of not enter into any commitment of funds ap- and for the same general purpose, and for the same, similar, or competing commodity: propriated for the purposes of section 23 of countries within the same region as origi- Provided, That such prohibition shall not the Arms Export Control Act for the provi- nally obligated: Provided, That the Appro- apply to the Export-Import Bank if in the sion of major defense equipment, other than priations Committees of both Houses of the judgment of its Board of Directors the bene- conventional ammunition, or other major Congress are notified 15 days in advance of fits to industry and employment in the defense items defined to be aircraft, ships, the reobligation of such funds in accordance United States are likely to outweigh the in- missiles, or combat vehicles, not previously with regular notification procedures of the jury to United States producers of the same, justified to Congress or 20 percent in excess Committees on Appropriations. similar, or competing commodity, and the of the quantities justified to Congress unless (b) Obligated balances of funds appro- Chairman of the Board so notifies the Com- the Committees on Appropriations are noti- priated to carry out section 23 of the Arms mittees on Appropriations. fied 15 days in advance of such commitment: Export Control Act as of the end of the fiscal (b) None of the funds appropriated by this Provided further, That this section shall not year immediately preceding the current fis- or any other Act to carry out chapter 1 of apply to any reprogramming for an activity, cal year are, if deobligated, hereby continued part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 program, or project under chapter 1 of part I available during the current fiscal year for shall be available for any testing or breeding of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 of less the same purpose under any authority appli- feasibility study, variety improvement or in- than 10 percent of the amount previously cable to such appropriations under this Act: troduction, consultancy, publication, con- justified to the Congress for obligation for H7966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 such activity, program, or project for the able without regard to the restriction in this appropriated for population planning activi- current fiscal year: Provided further, That the subsection if the President determines that ties or other population assistance may be requirements of this section or any similar to do so is in the national security interest made available for any foreign private, non- provision of this Act or any other Act, in- of the United States: Provided further, That governmental, or multilateral organization cluding any prior Act requiring notification the restriction of this subsection shall not until the organization certifies that it will in accordance with the regular notification apply to the use of such funds for the provi- not, during the period for which the funds procedures of the Committees on Appropria- sion of assistance for purposes of humani- are made available, perform abortions in any tions, may be waived if failure to do so would tarian and refugee relief. foreign country, except where the life of the pose a substantial risk to human health or (c) None of the funds appropriated under mother would be endangered if the preg- welfare: Provided further, That in case of any the heading ‘‘Assistance for the New Inde- nancy were carried to term or in cases of such waiver, notification to the Congress, or pendent States of the Former Soviet Union’’ forcible rape or incest. the appropriate congressional committees, shall be made available for any state to en- ‘‘(B) Subparagraph (A) may not be con- shall be provided as early as practicable, but hance its military capability: Provided, That strued to apply to the treatment of injuries in no event later than three days after tak- this restriction shall not apply to demili- or illnesses caused by legal or illegal abor- ing the action to which such notification re- tarization, demining, or nonproliferation tions or to assistance provided directly to quirement was applicable, in the context of programs. the government of a country. the circumstances necessitating such waiver: (d) Funds appropriated under the heading ‘‘(2) LOBBYING ACTIVITIES.— Provided further, That any notification pro- ‘‘Assistance for the New Independent States ‘‘(A) Notwithstanding section 614 of this vided pursuant to such a waiver shall con- of the Former Soviet Union’’ shall be subject Act or any other provision of law, no funds tain an explanation of the emergency cir- to the regular notification procedures of the appropriated for population planning activi- cumstances. Committees on Appropriations. ties or other population assistance may be (e) Funds made available in this Act for as- (b) Drawdowns made pursuant to section made available for any foreign private, non- sistance to the new independent states of the 506(a)(2) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 governmental, or multilateral organization former Soviet Union shall be subject to the shall be subject to the regular notification until the organization certifies that it will provisions of section 117 (relating to environ- not, during the period for which the funds procedures of the Committees on Appropria- ment and natural resources) of the Foreign tions. are made available, violate the laws of any Assistance Act of 1961. foreign country concerning the cir- LIMITATION ON AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS FOR (f) In issuing new task orders, entering cumstances under which abortion is per- INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND PROGRAMS into contracts, or making grants, with funds mitted, regulated, or prohibited, or engage in appropriated under the heading ‘‘Assistance SEC. 516. Notwithstanding any other provi- any activity or effort to alter the laws or for the New Independent States of the sion of law or of this Act, none of the funds governmental policies of any foreign country Former Soviet Union’’ in this Act or in prior provided for ‘‘International Organizations concerning the circumstances under which appropriations Acts, for projects or activi- and Programs’’ shall be available for the abortion is permitted, regulated, or prohib- ties that have as one of their primary pur- United States proportionate share, in ac- ited. poses the fostering of private sector develop- cordance with section 307(c) of the Foreign ‘‘(B) Subparagraph (A) shall not apply to ment, the Coordinator for United States As- Assistance Act of 1961, for any programs activities in opposition to coercive abortion identified in section 307, or for Libya, Iran, sistance to the New Independent States and the implementing agency shall encourage or involuntary sterilization. or, at the discretion of the President, Com- ‘‘(3) APPLICATION TO FOREIGN ORGANIZA- munist countries listed in section 620(f ) of the participation of and give significant weight to contractors and grantees who pro- TIONS.—The prohibitions of this subsection the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as apply to funds made available to a foreign amended: Provided, That, subject to the regu- pose investing a significant amount of their own resources (including volunteer services organization either directly or as a sub- lar notification procedures of the Commit- contractor or subgrantee, and the certifi- tees on Appropriations, funds appropriated and in-kind contributions) in such projects and activities. cations required by paragraphs (1) and (2) under this Act or any previously enacted Act apply to activities in which the organization PROHIBITION ON FUNDING FOR ABORTIONS AND making appropriations for foreign oper- engages either directly or through a sub- INVOLUNTARY STERILIZATION ations, export financing, and related pro- contractor or subgrantee. EC grams, which are returned or not made avail- S . 518. None of the funds made available ‘‘(4) DEFINITION.—As used in this section, able for organizations and programs because to carry out part I of the Foreign Assistance the term ‘activity or effort to alter the laws of the implementation of this section or any Act of 1961, as amended, may be used to pay or governmental policies of any foreign similar provision of law, shall remain avail- for the performance of abortions as a method country concerning the circumstances under able for obligation through September 30, of family planning or to motivate or coerce which abortion is permitted, regulated, or 2000. any person to practice abortions. None of the prohibited’ includes not only overt lobbying funds made available to carry out part I of NEW INDEPENDENT STATES OF THE FORMER for such changes, but also such other activi- the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as SOVIET UNION ties as sponsoring, rather than merely at- amended, may be used to pay for the per- tending, conferences and workshops on the SEC. 517. (a) ECONOMIC REFORMS.—None of formance of involuntary sterilization as a alleged defects in the abortion laws, as well the funds appropriated under the heading method of family planning or to coerce or the drafting and distribution of materials or ‘‘Assistance for the New Independent States provide any financial incentive to any person public statements calling attention to such of the Former Soviet Union’’ shall be made to undergo sterilizations. None of the funds alleged defects.’’. available for assistance for the Government made available to carry out part I of the of Russia— (b) Section 301 of the Foreign Assistance Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, Act of 1961 is amended by adding at the end (1) unless that Government is making may be used to pay for any biomedical re- progress in implementing comprehensive the following new subsection: search which relates in whole or in part, to ‘‘(i) LIMITATION RELATING TO FORCED ABOR- economic reforms based on market prin- methods of, or the performance of, abortions TIONS IN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA.— ciples, private ownership, negotiating repay- or involuntary sterilization as a means of Notwithstanding section 614 of this Act or ment of commercial debt, respect for com- family planning. None of the funds made any other provision of law, no funds may be mercial contracts, and equitable treatment available to carry out part I of the Foreign made available for the United Nations Popu- of foreign private investment; Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, may be lation Fund (UNFPA) in any fiscal year un- (2) if that Government applies or transfers obligated or expended for any country or or- less the President certifies that— United States assistance to any entity for ganization if the President certifies that the ‘‘(1) UNFPA has terminated all activities the purpose of expropriating or seizing own- use of these funds by any such country or or- in the People’s Republic of China, and the ership or control of assets, investments, or ganization would violate any of the above United States has received assurances that venture. provisions related to abortions and involun- UNFPA will conduct no such activities dur- Assistance may be furnished without regard tary sterilizations: Provided, That none of ing the fiscal year for which the funds are to to this subsection if the President deter- the funds made available under this Act may be made available; or mines that to do so is in the national inter- be used to lobby for or against abortion. ‘‘(2) during the 12 months preceding such est. FOREIGN ORGANIZATIONS THAT PERFORM OR certification there have been no abortions as (b) None of the funds appropriated under PROMOTE ABORTION OVERSEAS; FORCED ABOR- the result of coercion associated with the the heading ‘‘Assistance for the New Inde- TION IN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA family planning policies of the national gov- pendent States of the Former Soviet Union’’ SEC. 518A. (a) Section 104 of the Foreign ernment or other governmental entities shall be made available to any government Assistance Act of 1961 is amended by adding within the People’s Republic of China. As of the new independent states of the former at the end the following new subsection: used in this section, the term ‘coercion’ in- Soviet Union if that government directs any ‘‘(h) RESTRICTIONS ON ASSISTANCE TO FOR- cludes physical duress or abuse, destruction action in violation of the territorial integ- EIGN ORGANIZATIONS THAT PERFORM OR AC- or confiscation of property, loss of means of rity or national sovereignty of any other TIVELY PROMOTE ABORTIONS.— livelihood, or severe psychological pres- new independent state, such as those viola- ‘‘(1) PERFORMANCE OF ABORTIONS.— sure.’’. tions included in the Helsinki Final Act: Pro- ‘‘(A) Notwithstanding section 614 of this (c) The President may waive the provisions vided, That such funds may be made avail- Act or any other provision of law, no funds of section 104(h)(1) of the Foreign Assistance September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7967

Act of 1961, as amended, pertaining to popu- PROHIBITION AGAINST INDIRECT FUNDING TO STINGERS IN THE PERSIAN GULF REGION lation assistance to foreign organizations CERTAIN COUNTRIES SEC. 530. Except as provided in section 581 that perform abortions in foreign countries, SEC. 523. None of the funds appropriated or of the Foreign Operations, Export Financing, for any fiscal year: Provided, That if the otherwise made available pursuant to this and Related Programs Appropriations Act, President exercises the waiver provided by Act shall be obligated to finance indirectly 1990, the United States may not sell or other- this subsection for any fiscal year, not to ex- any assistance or reparations to Cuba, Iraq, wise make available any Stingers to any ceed $356,000,000 may be made available for Libya, Iran, Syria, North Korea, or the Peo- country bordering the Persian Gulf under population planning activities or other popu- ple’s Republic of China, unless the President the Arms Export Control Act or chapter 2 of lation assistance for such fiscal year: Pro- of the United States certifies that the with- part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961. vided further, That the limitation in the pre- holding of these funds is contrary to the na- DEBT-FOR-DEVELOPMENT vious proviso includes all funds for programs tional interest of the United States. and activities designed to control fertility or SEC. 531. In order to enhance the continued to reduce or delay childbirths or preg- RECIPROCAL LEASING participation of nongovernmental organiza- nancies, irrespective of the heading under SEC. 524. Section 61(a) of the Arms Export tions in economic assistance activities under which such funds are made available. Control Act is amended by striking out the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, including EXCESS DEFENSE ARTICLES FOR CENTRAL ‘‘1998’’ and inserting in lieu thereof ‘‘1999’’. endowments, debt-for-development and debt- EUROPEAN COUNTRIES NOTIFICATION ON EXCESS DEFENSE EQUIPMENT for-nature exchanges, a nongovernmental or- ganization which is a grantee or contractor SEC. 519. Section 105 of Public Law 104–164 SEC. 525. Prior to providing excess Depart- of the Agency for International Development (110 Stat 1427) is amended by striking ‘‘1996 ment of Defense articles in accordance with may place in interest bearing accounts funds and 1997’’ and inserting ‘‘1999 and 2000’’. section 516(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act made available under this Act or prior Acts SPECIAL NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS of 1961, the Department of Defense shall no- or local currencies which accrue to that or- tify the Committees on Appropriations to SEC. 520. None of the funds appropriated by ganization as a result of economic assistance the same extent and under the same condi- this Act shall be obligated or expended for provided under title II of this Act and any tions as are other committees pursuant to Colombia, Honduras, Haiti, Liberia, Paki- interest earned on such investment shall be subsection (c) of that section: Provided, That stan, Panama, Peru, Serbia, Sudan, or the used for the purpose for which the assistance before issuing a letter of offer to sell excess Democratic Republic of Congo except as pro- was provided to that organization. vided through the regular notification proce- defense articles under the Arms Export Con- dures of the Committees on Appropriations. trol Act, the Department of Defense shall no- SEPARATE ACCOUNTS DEFINITION OF PROGRAM, PROJECT, AND tify the Committees on Appropriations in ac- SEC. 532. (a) SEPARATE ACCOUNTS FOR ACTIVITY cordance with the regular notification proce- LOCAL CURRENCIES.—(1) If assistance is fur- dures of such Committees: Provided further, nished to the government of a foreign coun- SEC. 521. For the purpose of this Act, ‘‘pro- gram, project, and activity’’ shall be defined That such Committees shall also be informed try under chapter 1 and 10 of part I or chap- at the appropriations Act account level and of the original acquisition cost of such de- ter 4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act shall include all appropriations and author- fense articles. of 1961 under agreements which result in the izations Acts earmarks, ceilings, and limita- AUTHORIZATION REQUIREMENT generation of local currencies of that coun- try, the Administrator of the Agency for tions with the exception that for the follow- SEC. 526. Funds appropriated by this Act International Development shall— ing accounts: Economic Support Fund and may be obligated and expended notwith- (A) require that local currencies be depos- Foreign Military Financing Program, ‘‘pro- standing section 10 of Public Law 91–672 and ited in a separate account established by gram, project, and activity’’ shall also be section 15 of the State Department Basic Au- that government; considered to include country, regional, and thorities Act of 1956. central program level funding within each (B) enter into an agreement with that gov- such account; for the development assistance DEMOCRACY IN CHINA ernment which sets forth— accounts of the Agency for International De- SEC. 527. Notwithstanding any other provi- (i) the amount of the local currencies to be velopment ‘‘program, project, and activity’’ sion of law that restricts assistance to for- generated; and shall also be considered to include central eign countries, funds appropriated by this (ii) the terms and conditions under which program level funding, either as: (1) justified Act for ‘‘Economic Support Fund’’ may be the currencies so deposited may be utilized, to the Congress; or (2) allocated by the exec- made available to provide general support consistent with this section; and utive branch in accordance with a report, to for nongovernmental organizations located (C) establish by agreement with that gov- be provided to the Committees on Appropria- outside the People’s Republic of China that ernment the responsibilities of the Agency tions within 30 days of enactment of this have as their primary purpose fostering de- for International Development and that gov- Act, as required by section 653(a) of the For- mocracy in that country, and for activities ernment to monitor and account for deposits eign Assistance Act of 1961. of nongovernmental organizations located into and disbursements from the separate ac- CHILD SURVIVAL, AIDS, AND OTHER ACTIVITIES outside the People’s Republic of China to fos- count. ter democracy in that country: Provided, (2) USES OF LOCAL CURRENCIES.—As may be SEC. 522. Up to $10,000,000 of the funds made available by this Act for assistance for fam- That none of the funds made available for ac- agreed upon with the foreign government, ily planning, health, child survival, basic tivities to foster democracy in the People’s local currencies deposited in a separate ac- education, and AIDS, may be used to reim- Republic of China may be made available for count pursuant to subsection (a), or an burse United States Government agencies, assistance to the government of that coun- equivalent amount of local currencies, shall agencies of State governments, institutions try. be used only— of higher learning, and private and voluntary COMMERCIAL LEASING OF DEFENSE ARTICLES (A) to carry out chapter 1 or 10 of part I or chapter 4 of part II (as the case may be), for organizations for the full cost of individuals SEC. 528. Notwithstanding any other provi- such purposes as— (including for the personal services of such sion of law, and subject to the regular notifi- (i) project and sector assistance activities; individuals) detailed or assigned to, or con- cation procedures of the Committees on Ap- or tracted by, as the case may be, the Agency propriations, the authority of section 23(a) of (ii) debt and deficit financing; or for International Development for the pur- the Arms Export Control Act may be used to (B) for the administrative requirements of pose of carrying out family planning activi- provide financing to Israel, Egypt and NATO the United States Government. ties, child survival, and basic education ac- and major non-NATO allies for the procure- (3) PROGRAMMING ACCOUNTABILITY.—The tivities, and activities relating to research ment by leasing (including leasing with an Agency for International Development shall on, and the treatment and control of ac- option to purchase) of defense articles from take all necessary steps to ensure that the quired immune deficiency syndrome in de- United States commercial suppliers, not in- equivalent of the local currencies disbursed veloping countries: Provided, That funds ap- cluding Major Defense Equipment (other pursuant to subsection (a)(2)(A) from the propriated by this Act that are made avail- than helicopters and other types of aircraft separate account established pursuant to able for child survival and disease programs having possible civilian application), if the subsection (a)(1) are used for the purposes activities may be made available notwith- President determines that there are compel- agreed upon pursuant to subsection (a)(2). standing any provision of law that restricts ling foreign policy or national security rea- (4) TERMINATION OF ASSISTANCE PRO- assistance to foreign countries: Provided fur- sons for those defense articles being provided GRAMS.—Upon termination of assistance to a ther, That funds appropriated under title II by commercial lease rather than by govern- country under chapter 1 or 10 of part I or of this Act may be made available pursuant ment-to-government sale under such Act. to section 301 of the Foreign Assistance Act chapter 4 of part II (as the case may be), any of 1961 if a primary purpose of the assistance COMPETITIVE INSURANCE unencumbered balances of funds which re- is for child survival and related programs: SEC. 529. All Agency for International De- main in a separate account established pur- Provided further, That funds appropriated by velopment contracts and solicitations, and suant to subsection (a) shall be disposed of this Act that are made available for family subcontracts entered into under such con- for such purposes as may be agreed to by the planning activities may be made available tracts, shall include a clause requiring that government of that country and the United notwithstanding section 512 of this Act and United States insurance companies have a States Government. section 620(q) of the Foreign Assistance Act fair opportunity to bid for insurance when (5) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—The provi- of 1961. such insurance is necessary or appropriate. sions of this subsection shall supersede the H7968 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998

tenth and eleventh provisos contained under COMPLIANCE WITH UNITED NATIONS SANCTIONS SPECIAL AUTHORITIES the heading ‘‘Sub-Saharan Africa, Develop- AGAINST IRAQ SEC. 538. (a) Funds appropriated in titles I ment Assistance’’ as included in the Foreign SEC. 534. None of the funds appropriated or and II of this Act that are made available for Operations, Export Financing, and Related otherwise made available pursuant to this Afghanistan, Lebanon, Montenegro, and for Programs Appropriations Act, 1989 and sec- Act to carry out the Foreign Assistance Act victims of war, displaced children, displaced tions 531(d) and 609 of the Foreign Assistance of 1961 (including title IV of chapter 2 of part Burmese, humanitarian assistance for Roma- Act of 1961. I, relating to the Overseas Private Invest- nia, and humanitarian assistance for the (6) REPORTING REQUIREMENT.—The Admin- ment Corporation) or the Arms Export Con- peoples of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, istrator of the Agency for International De- trol Act may be used to provide assistance to and Kosova, may be made available notwith- velopment shall report on an annual basis as any country that is not in compliance with standing any other provision of law. part of the justification documents submit- the United Nations Security Council sanc- (b) Funds appropriated by this Act to carry ted to the Committees on Appropriations on tions against Iraq unless the President deter- out the provisions of sections 103 through 106 the use of local currencies for the adminis- mines and so certifies to the Congress that— of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 may be trative requirements of the United States (1) such assistance is in the national inter- used, notwithstanding any other provision of Government as authorized in subsection est of the United States; law, for the purpose of supporting biodiver- (a)(2)(B), and such report shall include the (2) such assistance will directly benefit the sity conservation activities: Provided, That amount of local currency (and United States needy people in that country; or such assistance shall be subject to sections dollar equivalent) used and/or to be used for (3) the assistance to be provided will be hu- such purpose in each applicable country. 116, 502B, and 620A of the Foreign Assistance manitarian assistance for foreign nationals Act of 1961. (b) SEPARATE ACCOUNTS FOR CASH TRANS- who have fled Iraq and Kuwait. FERS.—(1) If assistance is made available to (c) The Agency for International Develop- COMPETITIVE PRICING FOR SALES OF DEFENSE the government of a foreign country, under ment may employ personal services contrac- ARTICLES chapter 1 or 10 of part I or chapter 4 of part tors, notwithstanding any other provision of II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as SEC. 535. Direct costs associated with law, for the purpose of administering pro- cash transfer assistance or as nonproject sec- meeting a foreign customer’s additional or grams for the West Bank and Gaza. tor assistance, that country shall be required unique requirements will continue to be al- (d)(1) WAIVER.—The President may waive to maintain such funds in a separate account lowable under contracts under section 22(d) the provisions of section 1003 of Public Law and not commingle them with any other of the Arms Export Control Act. Loadings 100–204 if the President determines and cer- funds. applicable to such direct costs shall be per- tifies in writing to the Speaker of the House (2) APPLICABILITY OF OTHER PROVISIONS OF mitted at the same rates applicable to pro- of Representatives and the President pro LAW.—Such funds may be obligated and ex- curement of like items purchased by the De- tempore of the Senate that it is important to pended notwithstanding provisions of law partment of Defense for its own use. the national security interests of the United which are inconsistent with the nature of AUTHORITIES FOR THE PEACE CORPS, THE States. this assistance including provisions which INTER-AMERICAN FOUNDATION AND THE AFRI- (2) PERIOD OF APPLICATION OF WAIVER.— are referenced in the Joint Explanatory CAN DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION Any waiver pursuant to paragraph (1) shall Statement of the Committee of Conference SEC. 536. Unless expressly provided to the be effective for no more than a period of six accompanying House Joint Resolution 648 contrary, provisions of this or any other Act, months at a time and shall not apply beyond (H. Report No. 98–1159). including provisions contained in prior Acts twelve months after enactment of this Act. (3) NOTIFICATION.—At least 15 days prior to authorizing or making appropriations for POLICY ON TERMINATING THE ARAB LEAGUE obligating any such cash transfer or non- foreign operations, export financing, and re- BOYCOTT OF ISRAEL project sector assistance, the President shall lated programs, shall not be construed to submit a notification through the regular prohibit activities authorized by or con- SEC. 539. It is the sense of the Congress notification procedures of the Committees ducted under the Peace Corps Act, the Inter- that— on Appropriations, which shall include a de- American Foundation Act, or the African (1) the Arab League countries should im- tailed description of how the funds proposed Development Foundation Act. The appro- mediately and publicly renounce the pri- to be made available will be used, with a dis- priate agency shall promptly report to the mary boycott of Israel and the secondary cussion of the United States interests that Committees on Appropriations whenever it and tertiary boycott of American firms that will be served by the assistance (including, is conducting activities or is proposing to have commercial ties with Israel; as appropriate, a description of the economic conduct activities in a country for which as- (2) the decision by the Arab League in 1997 policy reforms that will be promoted by such sistance is prohibited. to reinstate the boycott against Israel was deeply troubling and disappointing; assistance). IMPACT ON JOBS IN THE UNITED STATES (3) the Arab League should immediately (4) EXEMPTION.—Nonproject sector assist- SEC. 537. None of the funds appropriated by rescind its decision on the boycott and its ance funds may be exempt from the require- this Act may be obligated or expended to members should develop normal relations ments of subsection (b)(1) only through the provide— with their neighbor Israel; and notification procedures of the Committees (1) any financial incentive to a business en- (4) the President should— on Appropriations. terprise currently located in the United (A) take more concrete steps to encourage COMPENSATION FOR UNITED STATES EXECUTIVE States for the purpose of inducing such an vigorously Arab League countries to re- DIRECTORS TO INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL IN- enterprise to relocate outside the United nounce publicly the primary boycotts of STITUTIONS States if such incentive or inducement is Israel and the secondary and tertiary boy- likely to reduce the number of employees of SEC. 533. (a) No funds appropriated by this cotts of American firms that have commer- such business enterprise in the United States Act may be made as payment to any inter- cial relations with Israel as a confidence- because United States production is being re- national financial institution while the building measure; placed by such enterprise outside the United United States Executive Director to such in- (B) take into consideration the participa- States; stitution is compensated by the institution tion of any recipient country in the primary (2) assistance for the purpose of establish- at a rate which, together with whatever boycott of Israel and the secondary and ter- ing or developing in a foreign country any compensation such Director receives from tiary boycotts of American firms that have export processing zone or designated area in the United States, is in excess of the rate commercial relations with Israel when deter- which the tax, tariff, labor, environment, provided for an individual occupying a posi- mining whether to sell weapons to said coun- and safety laws of that country do not apply, tion at level IV of the Executive Schedule try; in part or in whole, to activities carried out under section 5315 of title 5, United States (C) report to Congress on the specific steps within that zone or area, unless the Presi- Code, or while any alternate United States being taken by the President to bring about dent determines and certifies that such as- Director to such institution is compensated a public renunciation of the Arab primary sistance is not likely to cause a loss of jobs by the institution at a rate in excess of the boycott of Israel and the secondary and ter- within the United States; or rate provided for an individual occupying a tiary boycotts of American firms that have (3) assistance for any project or activity position at level V of the Executive Schedule commercial relations with Israel and to ex- that contributes to the violation of inter- under section 5316 of title 5, United States pand the process of normalizing ties between nationally recognized workers rights, as de- Code. Arab League countries and Israel; and (b) For purposes of this section, ‘‘inter- fined in section 502(a)(4) of the Trade Act of (D) encourage the allies and trading part- national financial institutions’’ are: the 1974, of workers in the recipient country, in- ners of the United States to enact laws pro- International Bank for Reconstruction and cluding any designated zone or area in that hibiting businesses from complying with the Development, the Inter-American Develop- country: Provided, That in recognition that boycott and penalizing businesses that do ment Bank, the Asian Development Bank, the application of this subsection should be comply. the Asian Development Fund, the African commensurate with the level of development Development Bank, the African Develop- of the recipient country and sector, the pro- ANTI-NARCOTICS ACTIVITIES ment Fund, the International Monetary visions of this subsection shall not preclude SEC. 540. (a) Of the funds appropriated by Fund, the North American Development assistance for the informal sector in such this Act for ‘‘Economic Support Fund’’, as- Bank, and the European Bank for Recon- country, micro and small-scale enterprise, sistance may be provided to strengthen the struction and Development. and smallholder agriculture. administration of justice in countries in September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7969

Latin America and the Caribbean and in to a base rights or base access country which PRIVATE VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATIONS– other regions consistent with the provisions has significantly reduced its military or eco- DOCUMENTATION of section 534(b) of the Foreign Assistance nomic cooperation with the United States, SEC. 548. None of the funds appropriated or Act of 1961, except that programs to enhance the President shall consult with, and shall made available pursuant to this Act shall be protection of participants in judicial cases provide a written policy justification to the available to a private voluntary organization may be conducted notwithstanding section Committees on Appropriations: Provided, which fails to provide upon timely request 660 of that Act. That any such reprogramming shall be sub- any document, file, or record necessary to (b) Funds made available pursuant to this ject to the regular notification procedures of the auditing requirements of the Agency for section may be made available notwith- the Committees on Appropriations: Provided International Development. standing section 534(c) and the second and further, That assistance that is repro- PROHIBITION ON ASSISTANCE TO FOREIGN GOV- third sentences of section 534(e) of the For- grammed pursuant to this subsection shall ERNMENTS THAT EXPORT LETHAL MILITARY eign Assistance Act of 1961. be made available under the same terms and EQUIPMENT TO COUNTRIES SUPPORTING ELIGIBILITY FOR ASSISTANCE conditions as originally provided. INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM SEC. 541. (a) ASSISTANCE THROUGH NON- (b) In addition to the authority contained SEC. 549. (a) None of the funds appropriated GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS.—Restric- in subsection (a), the original period of avail- or otherwise made available by this Act may tions contained in this or any other Act with ability of funds appropriated by this Act and be available to any foreign government respect to assistance for a country shall not administered by the Agency for Inter- which provides lethal military equipment to be construed to restrict assistance in support national Development that are earmarked a country the government of which the Sec- of programs of nongovernmental organiza- for particular programs or activities by this retary of State has determined is a terrorist tions from funds appropriated by this Act to or any other Act shall be extended for an ad- government for purposes of section 40(d) of carry out the provisions of chapters 1, 10, and ditional fiscal year if the Administrator of the Arms Export Control Act or any other 11 of part I, and chapter 4 of part II, of the such agency determines and reports prompt- comparable provision of law. The prohibition Foreign Assistance Act of 1961: Provided, ly to the Committees on Appropriations that under this section with respect to a foreign That the President shall take into consider- the termination of assistance to a country or government shall terminate 12 months after ation, in any case in which a restriction on a significant change in circumstances makes that government ceases to provide such mili- assistance would be applicable but for this it unlikely that such earmarked funds can be tary equipment. This section applies with re- subsection, whether assistance in support of obligated during the original period of avail- spect to lethal military equipment provided programs of nongovernmental organizations ability: Provided, That such earmarked funds under a contract entered into after October is in the national interest of the United that are continued available for an addi- 1, 1997. States: Provided further, That before using tional fiscal year shall be obligated only for (b) Assistance restricted by subsection (a) the authority of this subsection to furnish the purpose of such earmark. or any other similar provision of law, may be furnished if the President determines that assistance in support of programs of non- CEILINGS AND EARMARKS governmental organizations, the President furnishing such assistance is important to SEC. 543. Ceilings and earmarks contained shall notify the Committees on Appropria- the national interests of the United States. in this Act shall not be applicable to funds or (c) Whenever the waiver of subsection (b) is tions under the regular notification proce- authorities appropriated or otherwise made exercised, the President shall submit to the dures of those committees, including a de- available by any subsequent Act unless such appropriate congressional committees a re- scription of the program to be assisted, the Act specifically so directs. port with respect to the furnishing of such assistance to be provided, and the reasons for assistance. Any such report shall include a PROHIBITION ON PUBLICITY OR PROPAGANDA furnishing such assistance: Provided further, detailed explanation of the assistance esti- That nothing in this subsection shall be con- SEC. 544. No part of any appropriation con- mated to be provided, including the esti- strued to alter any existing statutory prohi- tained in this Act shall be used for publicity mated dollar amount of such assistance, and bitions against abortion or involuntary or propaganda purposes within the United an explanation of how the assistance fur- sterilizations contained in this or any other States not authorized before the date of en- thers United States national interests. Act. actment of this Act by the Congress: Pro- WITHHOLDING OF ASSISTANCE FOR PARKING (b) PUBLIC LAW 480.—During fiscal year vided, That not to exceed $950,000 may be FINES OWED BY FOREIGN COUNTRIES 1999, restrictions contained in this or any made available to carry out the provisions of SEC. 550. (a) IN GENERAL.—Of the funds other Act with respect to assistance for a section 316 of Public Law 96–533. country shall not be construed to restrict as- made available for a foreign country under sistance under the Agricultural Trade Devel- PURCHASE OF AMERICAN-MADE EQUIPMENT AND part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, opment and Assistance Act of 1954: Provided, PRODUCTS an amount equivalent to 110 percent of the total unpaid fully adjudicated parking fines That none of the funds appropriated to carry SEC. 545. (a) To the maximum extent pos- and penalties owed to the District of Colum- out title I of such Act and made available sible, assistance provided under this Act bia by such country as of the date of enact- pursuant to this subsection may be obligated should make full use of American resources, ment of this Act shall be withheld from obli- or expended except as provided through the including commodities, products, and serv- gation for such country until the Secretary ices. regular notification procedures of the Com- of State certifies and reports in writing to (b) It is the Sense of the Congress that, to mittees on Appropriations. the appropriate congressional committees (c) EXCEPTION.—This section shall not the greatest extent practicable, all equip- that such fines and penalties are fully paid apply— ment and products purchased with funds to the government of the District of Colum- (1) with respect to section 620A of the For- made available in this Act should be Amer- bia. eign Assistance Act or any comparable pro- ican-made. (b) DEFINITION.—For purposes of this sec- vision of law prohibiting assistance to coun- (c) In providing financial assistance to, or tion, the term ‘‘appropriate congressional tries that support international terrorism; entering into any contract with, any entity committees’’ means the Committee on For- or using funds made available in this Act, the eign Relations and the Committee on Appro- (2) with respect to section 116 of the For- head of each Federal agency, to the greatest priations of the Senate and the Committee eign Assistance Act of 1961 or any com- extent practicable, shall provide to such en- on International Relations and the Commit- parable provision of law prohibiting assist- tity a notice describing the statement made tee on Appropriations of the House of Rep- ance to countries that violate internation- in subsection (b) by the Congress. resentatives. ally recognized human rights. PROHIBITION OF PAYMENTS TO UNITED NATIONS LIMITATION ON ASSISTANCE FOR THE PLO FOR EARMARKS MEMBERS THE WEST BANK AND GAZA SEC. 542. (a) Funds appropriated by this SEC. 546. None of the funds appropriated or SEC. 551. None of the funds appropriated by Act which are earmarked may be repro- made available pursuant to this Act for car- this Act may be obligated for assistance for grammed for other programs within the rying out the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, the Palestine Liberation Organization for same account notwithstanding the earmark may be used to pay in whole or in part any the West Bank and Gaza unless the President if compliance with the earmark is made im- assessments, arrearages, or dues of any has exercised the authority under section possible by operation of any provision of this member of the United Nations. 604(a) of the Middle East Peace Facilitation or any other Act or, with respect to a coun- Act of 1995 (title VI of Public Law 104–107) or try with which the United States has an CONSULTING SERVICES any other legislation to suspend or make in- agreement providing the United States with SEC. 547. The expenditure of any appropria- applicable section 307 of the Foreign Assist- base rights or base access in that country, if tion under this Act for any consulting serv- ance Act of 1961 and that suspension is still the President determines that the recipient ice through procurement contract, pursuant in effect: Provided, That if the President fails for which funds are earmarked has signifi- to section 3109 of title 5, United States Code, to make the certification under section cantly reduced its military or economic co- shall be limited to those contracts where 604(b)(2) of the Middle East Peace Facilita- operation with the United States since en- such expenditures are a matter of public tion Act of 1995 or to suspend the prohibition actment of the Foreign Operations, Export record and available for public inspection, under other legislation, funds appropriated Financing, and Related Programs Appropria- except where otherwise provided under exist- by this Act may not be obligated for assist- tions Act, 1991; however, before exercising ing law, or under existing Executive order ance for the Palestine Liberation Organiza- the authority of this subsection with regard pursuant to existing law. tion for the West Bank and Gaza. H7970 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998

WAR CRIMES TRIBUNALS DRAWDOWN (3) entertainment expenses for activities (1) AUTHORITY TO SELL, REDUCE, OR CANCEL SEC. 552. If the President determines that that are substantially of a recreational char- CERTAIN LOANS.—Notwithstanding any other doing so will contribute to a just resolution acter, including entrance fees at sporting provision of law, the President may, in ac- of charges regarding genocide or other viola- events and amusement parks. cordance with this section, sell to any eligi- tions of international humanitarian law, the EQUITABLE ALLOCATION OF FUNDS ble purchaser any concessional loan or por- President may direct a drawdown pursuant SEC. 556. Not more than 18 percent of the tion thereof made before January 1, 1995, to section 552(c) of the Foreign Assistance funds appropriated by this Act to carry out pursuant to the Foreign Assistance Act of Act of 1961, as amended, of up to $25,000,000 of the provisions of sections 103 through 106 and 1961, to the government of any eligible coun- commodities and services for the United Na- chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance try as defined in section 702(6) of that Act or tions War Crimes Tribunal established with Act of 1961, that are made available for Latin on receipt of payment from an eligible pur- regard to the former Yugoslavia by the America and the Caribbean region may be chaser, reduce or cancel such loan or portion United Nations Security Council or such made available, through bilateral and Latin thereof, only for the purpose of facilitating— other tribunals or commissions as the Coun- America and the Caribbean regional pro- (A) debt-for-equity swaps, debt-for-develop- cil may establish to deal with such viola- grams, to provide assistance for any country ment swaps, or debt-for-nature swaps; or tions, without regard to the ceiling limita- in such region. (B) a debt buyback by an eligible country tion contained in paragraph (2) thereof: Pro- SPECIAL DEBT RELIEF FOR THE POOREST of its own qualified debt, only if the eligible vided, That the determination required under SEC. 557. (a) AUTHORITY TO REDUCE DEBT.— country uses an additional amount of the this section shall be in lieu of any deter- The President may reduce amounts owed to local currency of the eligible country, equal minations otherwise required under section the United States (or any agency of the to not less than 40 percent of the price paid 552(c): Provided further, That 60 days after the United States) by an eligible country as a re- for such debt by such eligible country, or the date of enactment of this Act, and every 180 sult of— difference between the price paid for such days thereafter, the Secretary of State shall (1) guarantees issued under sections 221 debt and the face value of such debt, to sup- submit a report to the Committees on Appro- and 222 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961; port activities that link conservation and priations describing the steps the United (2) credits extended or guarantees issued sustainable use of natural resources with States Government is taking to collect infor- under the Arms Export Control Act; or local community development, and child sur- mation regarding allegations of genocide or (3) any obligation or portion of such obli- vival and other child development, in a man- other violations of international law in the gation for a Latin American country, to pay ner consistent with sections 707 through 710 former Yugoslavia and to furnish that infor- for purchases of United States agricultural of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, if the mation to the United Nations War Crimes commodities guaranteed by the Commodity sale, reduction, or cancellation would not Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia. Credit Corporation under export credit guar- contravene any term or condition of any LANDMINES antee programs authorized pursuant to sec- tion 5(f ) of the Commodity Credit Corpora- prior agreement relating to such loan. SEC. 553. Notwithstanding any other provi- (2) TERMS AND CONDITIONS.—Notwithstand- sion of law, demining equipment available to tion Charter Act of June 29, 1948, as amend- ed, section 4(b) of the Food for Peace Act of ing any other provision of law, the President the Agency for International Development 1966, as amended (Public Law 89–808), or sec- shall, in accordance with this section, estab- and the Department of State and used in tion 202 of the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978, lish the terms and conditions under which support of the clearance of landmines and as amended (Public Law 95–501). loans may be sold, reduced, or canceled pur- unexploded ordnance for humanitarian pur- (b) LIMITATIONS.— suant to this section. poses may be disposed of on a grant basis in (1) The authority provided by subsection (3) ADMINISTRATION.—The Facility, as de- foreign countries, subject to such terms and (a) may be exercised only to implement mul- fined in section 702(8) of the Foreign Assist- conditions as the President may prescribe. tilateral official debt relief ad referendum ance Act of 1961, shall notify the adminis- RESTRICTIONS CONCERNING THE PALESTINIAN agreements, commonly referred to as ‘‘Paris trator of the agency primarily responsible AUTHORITY Club Agreed Minutes’’. for administering part I of the Foreign As- SEC. 554. None of the funds appropriated by (2) The authority provided by subsection sistance Act of 1961 of purchasers that the this Act may be obligated or expended to (a) may be exercised only in such amounts or President has determined to be eligible, and create in any part of Jerusalem a new office to such extent as is provided in advance by shall direct such agency to carry out the of any department or agency of the United appropriations Acts. sale, reduction, or cancellation of a loan pur- States Government for the purpose of con- (3) The authority provided by subsection suant to this section. Such agency shall ducting official United States Government (a) may be exercised only with respect to make an adjustment in its accounts to re- business with the Palestinian Authority over countries with heavy debt burdens that are flect the sale, reduction, or cancellation. eligible to borrow from the International De- Gaza and Jericho or any successor Palestin- (4) LIMITATION.—The authorities of this velopment Association, but not from the ian governing entity provided for in the subsection shall be available only to the ex- International Bank for Reconstruction and Israel-PLO Declaration of Principles: Pro- tent that appropriations for the cost of the Development, commonly referred to as vided, That this restriction shall not apply to modification, as defined in section 502 of the the acquisition of additional space for the ‘‘IDA-only’’ countries. Congressional Budget Act of 1974, are made existing Consulate General in Jerusalem: (c) CONDITIONS.—The authority provided by in advance. Provided further, That meetings between offi- subsection (a) may be exercised only with re- cers and employees of the United States and spect to a country whose government— (b) DEPOSIT OF PROCEEDS.—The proceeds officials of the Palestinian Authority, or any (1) does not have an excessive level of mili- from the sale, reduction, or cancellation of successor Palestinian governing entity pro- tary expenditures; any loan sold, reduced, or canceled pursuant (2) has not repeatedly provided support for vided for in the Israel-PLO Declaration of to this section shall be deposited in the Principles, for the purpose of conducting of- acts of international terrorism; (3) is not failing to cooperate on inter- United States Government account or ac- ficial United States Government business counts established for the repayment of such with such authority should continue to take national narcotics control matters; loan. place in locations other than Jerusalem. As (4) (including its military or other security has been true in the past, officers and em- forces) does not engage in a consistent pat- (c) ELIGIBLE PURCHASERS.—A loan may be ployees of the United States Government tern of gross violations of internationally sold pursuant to subsection (a)(1)(A) only to recognized human rights; and may continue to meet in Jerusalem on other a purchaser who presents plans satisfactory (5) is not ineligible for assistance because subjects with Palestinians (including those of the application of section 527 of the For- to the President for using the loan for the who now occupy positions in the Palestinian eign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal purpose of engaging in debt-for-equity swaps, Authority), have social contacts, and have Years 1994 and 1995. debt-for-development swaps, or debt-for-na- incidental discussions. (d) AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS.—The authority ture swaps. PROHIBITION OF PAYMENT OF CERTAIN provided by subsection (a) may be used only (d) DEBTOR CONSULTATIONS.—Before the EXPENSES with regard to funds appropriated by this sale to any eligible purchaser, or any reduc- SEC. 555. None of the funds appropriated or Act under the heading ‘‘Debt restructuring ’’. otherwise made available by this Act under (e) CERTAIN PROHIBITIONS INAPPLICABLE.—A tion or cancellation pursuant to this section, the heading ‘‘International Military Edu- reduction of debt pursuant to subsection (a) of any loan made to an eligible country, the cation and Training ’’ or ‘‘Foreign Military shall not be considered assistance for pur- President should consult with the country Financing Program’’ for Informational Pro- poses of any provision of law limiting assist- concerning the amount of loans to be sold, gram activities may be obligated or ex- ance to a country. The authority provided by reduced, or canceled and their uses for debt- pended to pay for— subsection (a) may be exercised notwith- for-equity swaps, debt-for-development standing section 620(r) of the Foreign Assist- (1) alcoholic beverages; swaps, or debt-for-nature swaps. (2) food (other than food provided at a mili- ance Act of 1961. tary installation) not provided in conjunc- AUTHORITY TO ENGAGE IN DEBT BUYBACKS OR (e) AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS.—The authority tion with Informational Program trips where SALES provided by subsection (a) may be used only students do not stay at a military installa- SEC. 558. (a) LOANS ELIGIBLE FOR SALE, RE- with regard to funds appropriated by this tion; or DUCTION, OR CANCELLATION.— Act under the heading ‘‘Debt restructuring ’’. September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7971

SANCTIONS AGAINST COUNTRIES HARBORING (2) has made concrete progress on the con- that the United Nations is not engaged in WAR CRIMINALS stitution of a credible and competent provi- any effort to implement or impose any tax- SEC. 559. (a) BILATERAL ASSISTANCE.—The sional electoral council with the agreement ation on United States persons in order to President is authorized to withhold funds ap- of a broad spectrum of diverse political par- raise revenue for the United Nations or any propriated by this Act under the Foreign As- ties. of its specialized agencies. sistance Act of 1961 or the Arms Export Con- (c) EXCEPTIONS.—The limitations in sub- (c) DEFINITIONS.—As used in this section trol Act for any country described in sub- sections (a) and (b) shall not apply to the the term ‘‘United States person’’ refers to— section (c). provision of— (1) a natural person who is a citizen or na- (b) MULTILATERAL ASSISTANCE.—The Sec- (1) counter-narcotics assistance, support tional of the United States; or retary of the Treasury should instruct the for the Haitian National Police’s Special In- (2) a corporation, partnership, or other United States executive directors of the vestigations Unit and anti-corruption pro- legal entity organized under the United international financial institutions to work grams, the International Criminal Investiga- States or any State, territory, possession, or in opposition to, and vote against, any ex- tive Assistance Program, and assistance in district of the United States. tension by such institutions of financing or support of Haitian customs and maritime of- LIMITATION ON ASSISTANCE TO THE financial or technical assistance to any ficials; PALESTINIAN AUTHORITY country described in subsection (c). (2) food assistance management and sup- SEC. 563. (a) PROHIBITION OF FUNDS.—None (c) SANCTIONED COUNTRIES.—A country de- port; of the funds appropriated by this Act to scribed in this subsection is a country the (3) assistance for urgent humanitarian carry out the provisions of chapter 4 of part government of which knowingly grants sanc- needs, such as medical and other supplies II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 may tuary to persons in its territory for the pur- and services in support of community health be obligated or expended with respect to pro- pose of evading prosecution, where such per- services, schools, and orphanages; and viding funds to the Palestinian Authority. sons— (4) not more than $3,000,000 for the develop- (b) WAIVER.—The prohibition included in (1) have been indicted by the International ment and support of political parties. subsection (a) shall not apply if the Presi- Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, or any other (d) WAIVER.—At any time after 150 days dent certifies in writing to the Speaker of international tribunal with similar standing from the date of enactment of this Act, the the House of Representatives and the Presi- under international law; or Secretary of State may waive the require- dent pro tempore of the Senate that waiving (2) have been indicted for war crimes or ments contained in subsection (a)(1) if she such prohibition is important to the national crimes against humanity committed during reports to the Committees specified in sub- security interests of the United States. the period beginning March 23, 1933 and end- section (a) that the Government of Haiti has (c) PERIOD OF APPLICATION OF WAIVER.— ing on May 8, 1945 under the direction of, or satisfied the requirements of subsection Any waiver pursuant to subsection (b) shall in association with— (a)(1) with regard to one major public entity. be effective for no more than a period of six (A) the Nazi government of Germany; (e) REPORTS.—The Secretary of State shall months at a time and shall not apply beyond (B) any government in any area occupied provide to the Committees specified in sub- twelve months after enactment of this Act. by the military forces of the Nazi govern- section (a) on a quarterly basis— LIMITATION ON ASSISTANCE TO THE ment of Germany; (1) in consultation with the Secretary of GOVERNMENT OF CROATIA (C) any government which was established Defense and the Administrator of the Drug SEC. 564. None of the funds appropriated by with the assistance or cooperation of the Enforcement Administration, a report on the title II of this Act may be made available to Nazi government; or status and number of United States person- the Government of Croatia to relocate the (D) any government which was an ally of nel deployed in and around Haiti on Depart- remains of Croatian Ustashe soldiers, at the the Nazi government of Germany. ment of Defense, Drug Enforcement Admin- site of the World War II concentration camp LIMITATION ON ASSISTANCE FOR HAITI istration, and United Nations missions, in- at Jasenovac, Croatia. SEC. 560. (a) LIMITATION.—Funds appro- cluding displays by functional or operational LIMITATION ON ASSISTANCE TO SECURITY priated by this Act may be made available assignment for such personnel and the cost FORCES for assistance for the Government of Haiti to the United States of these operations; and SEC. 565. None of the funds made available only if the President reports to the Commit- (2) the monthly reports, prepared during by this Act may be provided to any unit of tee on Appropriations and the Committee on the previous quarter, of the Organization of the security forces of a foreign country if the International Relations of the House of Rep- American States/United Nations Inter- Secretary of State has credible evidence that resentatives and the Committee on Appro- national Civilian Mission to Haiti such unit has committed gross violations of priations and the Committee on Foreign Re- (MICIVIH). human rights, unless the Secretary deter- lations of the Senate that the Government of REQUIREMENT FOR DISCLOSURE OF FOREIGN AID Haiti— mines and reports to the Committees on Ap- IN REPORT OF SECRETARY OF STATE propriations that the government of such (1) has completed privatization of (or country is taking effective measures to bring placed under long-term private management SEC. 561. (a) FOREIGN AID REPORTING RE- the responsible members of the security or concession) three major public entities in- QUIREMENT.—In addition to the voting prac- forces unit to justice: Provided, That nothing cluding the completion of all required incor- tices of a foreign country, the report re- in this section shall be construed to withhold porating documents, the transfer of assets, quired to be submitted to Congress under funds made available by this Act from any and the eviction of unauthorized occupants section 406(a) of the Foreign Relations Au- unit of the security forces of a foreign coun- of the land or facility; thorization Act, fiscal years 1990 and 1991 (22 try not credibly alleged to be involved in (2) is cooperating with the United States in U.S.C. 2414a), shall include a side-by-side gross violations of human rights: Provided halting illegal emigration from Haiti; comparison of individual countries’ overall support for the United States at the United further, That in the event that funds are (3) is conducting thorough investigations withheld from any unit pursuant to this sec- of extrajudicial and political killings and has Nations and the amount of United States as- sistance provided to such country in fiscal tion, the Secretary of State shall promptly made substantial progress in bringing to jus- inform the foreign government of the basis tice a person or persons responsible for one year 1998. (b) UNITED STATES ASSISTANCE.—For pur- for such action and shall, to the maximum or more extrajudicial or political killings in poses of this section, the term ‘‘United extent practicable, assist the foreign govern- Haiti, and is cooperating with United States States assistance’’ has the meaning given ment in taking effective measures to bring authorities and with United States-funded the term in section 481(e)(4) of the Foreign the responsible members of the security technical advisors to the Haitian National Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2291(e)(4)). forces to justice. Police in such investigations; LIMITATIONS ON TRANSFER OF MILITARY (4) has taken action to remove from the RESTRICTIONS ON VOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTIONS EQUIPMENT TO EAST TIMOR Haitian National Police, national palace and TO UNITED NATIONS AGENCIES residential guard, ministerial guard, and any SEC. 562. (a) PROHIBITION ON VOLUNTARY SEC. 566. In any agreement for the sale, other public security entity or unit of Haiti CONTRIBUTIONS FOR THE UNITED NATIONS.— transfer, or licensing of any lethal equip- those individuals who are credibly alleged to None of the funds appropriated by this Act ment or helicopter for Indonesia entered into have engaged in or conspired to conceal may be made available to pay any voluntary by the United States pursuant to the author- gross violations of internationally recog- contribution of the United States to the ity of this Act or any other Act, the agree- nized human rights or credibly alleged to United Nations (including the United Na- ment shall state that the United States ex- have engaged in or conspired to engage in tions Development Program) if the United pects that the items will not be used in East Timor: , That nothing in this section narcotics trafficking; and Nations implements or imposes any taxation Provided shall be construed to limit Indonesia’s inher- (5) is implementing the maritime counter- on any United States persons. ent right to legitimate national self-defense narcotics agreements signed in October 1997. (b) CERTIFICATION REQUIRED FOR DISBURSE- as recognized under the United Nations (b) AVAILABILITY OF ELECTORAL ASSIST- MENT OF FUNDS.—None of the funds appro- ANCE.—Funds appropriated by this Act may priated by this Act may be made available to Charter and international law. be made available to support elections in pay any voluntary contribution of the RESTRICTIONS ON ASSISTANCE TO COUNTRIES Haiti only if the President reports to the United States to the United Nations (includ- PROVIDING SANCTUARY TO INDICTED WAR Congress that the Government of Haiti: ing the United Nations Development Pro- CRIMINALS (1) has achieved a transparent settlement gram) unless the President certifies to the SEC. 567. (a) BILATERAL ASSISTANCE.—None of the contested April 1997 elections; and Congress 15 days in advance of such payment of the funds made available by this or any H7972 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 prior Act making appropriations for foreign activity in a community within any country, consult with representatives of human rights operations, export financing and related pro- entity or canton described in subsection (d) organizations and all government agencies grams, may be provided for any country, en- if competent authorities within that commu- with relevant information to help prevent tity or canton described in subsection (d). nity are not complying with the provisions publicly indicted war criminals from benefit- (b) MULTILATERAL ASSISTANCE.— of Article IX and Annex 4, Article II, para- ting from any financial or technical assist- (1) PROHIBITION.—The Secretary of the graph 8 of the Dayton Agreement relating to ance or grants provided to any country or Treasury shall instruct the United States ex- war crimes and the Tribunal. entity described in subsection (d). ecutive directors of the international finan- (d) SANCTIONED COUNTRY, ENTITY, OR CAN- ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO cial institutions to work in opposition to, TON.—A sanctioned country, entity, or can- STOCKPILING OF DEFENSE ARTICLES FOR FOR- and vote against, any extension by such in- ton described in this section is one whose EIGN COUNTRIES stitutions of any financial or technical as- competent authorities have failed, as deter- SEC. 568. (a) VALUE OF ADDITIONS TO STOCK- sistance or grants of any kind to any coun- mined by the Secretary of State, to take PILES.—Section 514(b)(2)(A) of the Foreign try or entity described in subsection (d). necessary and significant steps to apprehend Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. (2) NOTIFICATION.—Not less than 15 days be- and transfer to the Tribunal all persons who 2321h(b)(2)(A)) is amended by inserting before fore any vote in an international financial have been publicly indicted by the Tribunal. the period at the end the following: ‘‘and institution regarding the extension of finan- (e) WAIVER.— $340,000,000 for fiscal year 1999’’. cial or technical assistance or grants to any (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of State (b) REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO THE REPUB- country or entity described in subsection (d), may waive the application of subsection (a) LIC OF KOREA AND THAILAND.—Section the Secretary of the Treasury, in consulta- or subsection (b) with respect to specified bi- 514(b)(2)(B) of such Act (22 U.S.C. tion with the Secretary of State, shall pro- lateral programs or international financial 2321h(b)(2)(B)) is amended by adding at the vide to the Committee on Appropriations institution projects or programs in a sanc- end the following: ‘‘Of the amount specified and the Committee on Foreign Relations of tioned country, entity, or canton upon pro- in subparagraph (A) for fiscal year 1999, not the Senate and the Committee on Appropria- viding a written determination to the Com- more than $320,000,000 may be made available tions and the Committee on Banking and Fi- mittee on Appropriations and the Committee for stockpiles in the Republic of Korea and nancial Services of the House of Representa- on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the not more than $20,000,000 may be made avail- tives a written justification for the proposed Committee on Appropriations and the Com- able for stockpiles in Thailand.’’. assistance, including an explanation of the mittee on International Relations of the United States position regarding any such House of Representatives that such assist- REQUIREMENTS FOR THE REPORTING TO CON- vote, as well as a description of the location ance directly supports the implementation GRESS OF THE COSTS TO THE FEDERAL GOV- of the proposed assistance by municipality, of the Dayton Agreement and its Annexes, ERNMENT ASSOCIATED WITH THE PROPOSED its purpose, and its intended beneficiaries. which include the obligation to apprehend AGREEMENT TO REDUCE GREENHOUSE GAS (3) DEFINITION.—The term ‘‘international and transfer indicted war criminals to the EMISSIONS financial institution’’ includes the Inter- Tribunal. SEC. 569. The President shall provide to the national Monetary Fund, the International (2) REPORT.—Not later than 15 days after Congress a detailed account of all Federal Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the date of any written determination under agency obligations and expenditures for cli- the International Development Association, paragraph (e)(1), the Secretary of State shall mate change programs and activities, domes- the International Finance Corporation, the submit a report to the Committee on Appro- tic and international, for fiscal year 1998, Multilateral Investment Guaranty Agency, priations and the Committee on Foreign Re- planned obligations for such activities in fis- and the European Bank for Reconstruction lations of the Senate and the Committee on cal year 1999, and any plan for programs and Development. Appropriations and the Committee on Inter- thereafter in the context of negotiations to (c) EXCEPTIONS.— national Relations of the House of Rep- amend the Framework Convention on Cli- (1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to paragraph (2), resentatives regarding the status of efforts mate Change (FCCC) to be provided to the subsections (a) and (b) shall not apply to the to secure the voluntary surrender or appre- appropriate congressional committees no provision of— hension and transfer of persons indicted by later than November 15, 1998. (A) humanitarian assistance; the Tribunal, in accordance with the Dayton WITHHOLDING ASSISTANCE TO COUNTRIES VIO- (B) democratization assistance; Agreement, and outlining obstacles to LATING UNITED NATIONS SANCTIONS AGAINST (C) assistance for cross border physical in- achieving this goal. LIBYA frastructure projects involving activities in (3) ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS AF- SEC. 570. (a) WITHHOLDING OF ASSISTANCE.— both a sanctioned country, entity, or canton FECTED.—Any waiver made pursuant to this Except as provided in subsection (b), when- and a nonsanctioned contiguous country, en- subsection shall be effective only with re- ever the President determines and certifies tity, or canton, if the project is primarily lo- spect to a specified bilateral program or to Congress that the government of any cated in and primarily benefits the nonsanc- multilateral assistance project or program country is violating any sanction against tioned country, entity, or canton and if the identified in the determination of the Sec- Libya imposed pursuant to United Nations portion of the project located in the sanc- retary of State to Congress. Security Council Resolution 731, 748, or 883, tioned country, entity, or canton is nec- (f ) TERMINATION OF SANCTIONS.—The sanc- then not less than 5 percent of the funds al- essary only to complete the project; tions imposed pursuant to subsections (a) located for the country under section 653(a) (D) small-scale assistance projects or ac- and (b) with respect to a country or entity of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 out of tivities requested by United States Armed shall cease to apply only if the Secretary of appropriations in this Act shall be withheld Forces that promote good relations between State determines and certifies to Congress from obligation and expenditure for that such forces and the officials and citizens of that the authorities of that country, entity, country. the areas in the United States SFOR sector or canton have apprehended and transferred (b) EXCEPTION.—The requirement to with- of Bosnia; to the Tribunal all persons who have been hold funds under subsection (a) shall not (E) implementation of the Brcko Arbitral publicly indicted by the Tribunal. apply to funds appropriated in this Act for Decision; (g) DEFINITIONS.—As used in this section— allocation under section 653(a) of the Foreign (F) lending by the international financial (1) COUNTRY.—The term ‘‘country’’ means Assistance Act of 1961 for development as- institutions to a country or entity to sup- Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, Serbia, and sistance or for humanitarian assistance. port common monetary and fiscal policies at Montenegro. (c) WAIVER.—Funds may be provided for a the national level as contemplated by the (2) ENTITY.—The term ‘‘entity’’ refers to country without regard to subsection (a) if Dayton Agreement; or the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina the President determines that to do so is in (G) direct lending to a non-sanctioned en- and the Republika Srpska. the national security interest of the United tity, or lending passed on by the national (3) CANTON.—The term ‘‘canton’’ means the States. government to a non-sanctioned entity. administrative units in Bosnia and AID TO THE GOVERNMENT OF THE DEMOCRATIC (2) FURTHER LIMITATIONS.—Notwithstand- Herzegovina. REPUBLIC OF CONGO ing paragraph (1)— (4) DAYTON AGREEMENT.—The term ‘‘Day- SEC. 571. None of the funds appropriated by (A) no assistance may be made available by ton Agreement’’ means the General Frame- this Act may be provided for assistance for this Act, or any prior Act making appropria- work Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and the central Government of the Democratic tions for foreign operations, export financing Herzegovina, together with annexes relating Republic of Congo until such time as the and related programs, in any country, en- thereto, done at Dayton, November 10 President reports in writing to the Congress tity, or canton described in subsection (d), through 16, 1995. that the central Government of the Demo- for a program, project, or activity in which (5) TRIBUNAL.—The term ‘‘Tribunal’’ means cratic Republic of Congo is cooperating fully a publicly indicted war criminal is known to the International Criminal Tribunal for the with investigators from the United Nations have any financial or material interest; and Former Yugoslavia. in accounting for human rights violations (B) no assistance (other than emergency (h) ROLE OF HUMAN RIGHTS ORGANIZATIONS committed in the Democratic Republic of foods or medical assistance or demining as- AND GOVERNMENT AGENCIES.—In carrying out sistance) may be made available by this Act, this section, the Secretary of State, the Ad- Congo or adjacent countries. or any prior Act making appropriations for ministrator of the Agency for International ASSISTANCE FOR THE MIDDLE EAST foreign operations, export financing and re- Development, and the executive directors of SEC. 572. Of the funds appropriated by this lated programs for any program, project, or the international financial institutions shall Act under the headings ‘‘Economic Support September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7973

Fund’’, ‘‘Foreign Military Financing ’’, the Congress by January 31, 1999, a report on (b) CONDITION FOR THE USE OF APPRO- ‘‘International Military Education and all overseas military training provided to PRIATED FUNDS FOR LOANS TO THE IMF.— Training ’’, ‘‘Peacekeeping Operations’’, for foreign military personnel under programs (1) IN GENERAL.—None of the funds appro- refugees resettling in Israel under the head- administered by the Department of Defense priated in this title under the heading ing ‘‘Migration and Refugee Assistance’’, and and the Department of State during fiscal ‘‘Loans to the International Monetary for assistance for Israel to carry out provi- years 1998 and 1999, including those proposed Fund’’ may be obligated or made available to sions of chapter 8 of part II of the Foreign for fiscal year 1999. This report shall include, the International Monetary Fund unless— Assistance Act of 1961 under the heading for each such military training activity, the (A) there is in effect a written certifi- ‘‘Nonproliferation, Anti-Terrorism, foreign policy justification and purpose for cation, made by the Secretary of the Treas- Demining, and Related Programs’’, not more the training activity, the cost of the training ury, to the appropriate committees that the than a total of $5,402,850,000 may be made activity, the number of foreign students International Monetary Fund has met the available for Israel, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, trained and their units of operation, and the requirements of paragraph (2); and the West Bank and Gaza, the Israel-Lebanon location of the training. In addition, this re- (B) the Congress has enacted legislation Monitoring Group, the Multinational Force port shall also include, with respect to approving the certification. and Observers, the Middle East Regional De- United States personnel, the operational (2) REQUIREMENTS.—The requirements of mocracy Fund, Middle East Regional Co- benefits to United States forces derived from this paragraph are that the International operation, and Middle East Multilateral each such training activity and the United Monetary Fund has in effect policies that are Working Groups: Provided, That any funds States military units involved in each such designed to ensure the following: that were appropriated under such headings training activity. This report may include a (A) Within 3 months after any meeting of in prior fiscal years and that were at the classified annex if deemed necessary and ap- the Executive Board of the International time of enactment of this Act obligated or propriate. Monetary Fund at which a Letter of Intent, allocated for other recipients may not during KOREAN PENINSULA ENERGY DEVELOPMENT a Policy Framework Paper, an Article IV fiscal year 1999 be made available for activi- ORGANIZATION economic review consultation with a mem- ties that, if funded under this Act, would be SEC. 578. Notwithstanding sections 614 and ber country, or a change in a general policy required to count against this ceiling: Pro- 451 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as of the International Monetary Fund is dis- vided further, That funds may be made avail- amended, or any other provision of law, none cussed, a full written summary of the meet- able notwithstanding the requirements of of the funds appropriated by this Act may be ing shall be made available for public inspec- this section if the President determines and used for a voluntary contribution to, or as- tion, with the following information re- certifies to the Committees on Appropria- sistance for, the Korean Peninsula Energy dacted: tions that it is important to the national se- Development Organization. (i) Information which, if released, would adversely affect the national security of a curity interest of the United States to do so REPEAL OF RESTRICTIONS ON ASSISTANCE and any such additional funds shall only be country, and which is of the type that would SEC. 579. Section 907 of the FREEDOM Sup- be classified by United States Government. provided through the regular notification port Act is hereby repealed. procedures of the Committees on Appropria- (ii) Market-sensitive information. TITLE VI tions. (iii) Proprietary information. FUNDS APPROPRIATED TO THE PRESIDENT (B) Within 3 months after the Executive ENTERPRISE FUND RESTRICTIONS INTERNATIONAL MONETARY PROGRAMS Board of the International Monetary Fund at SEC. 573. Prior to the distribution of any LOANS TO THE INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND which a Letter of Intent or a Policy Frame- assets resulting from any liquidation, dis- work Paper is discussed, a copy of the Letter For loans to the International Monetary solution, or winding up of an Enterprise of Intent or Policy Framework Paper shall Fund under section 17 of the Bretton Woods Fund, in whole or in part, the President shall be made available for public inspection with Agreements Act pursuant to the New Ar- submit to the Committees on Appropria- the following information redacted: rangements to Borrow, the dollar equivalent tions, in accordance with the regular notifi- (i) Information which, if released, would of 2,462,000,000 Special Drawing Rights, to re- cation procedures of the Committees on Ap- adversely affect the national security of a main available until expended. In addition, propriations, a plan for the distribution of country, and which is of the type that would the amounts appropriated by title III of the the assets of the Enterprise Fund. be classified by United States Government. Foreign Aid and Related Agencies Appropria- CAMBODIA (ii) Market-sensitive information. tions Act, 1963 (Public Law 87–872) and sec- SEC. 574. (a) None of the funds appropriated (iii) Proprietary information. tion 1101(b) of the Supplemental Appropria- in this Act may be made available for assist- (C) Interest charges on loans to member tions Act, 1984 (Public Law 98–181) may also countries shall be based on the International ance for the Government of Cambodia: Pro- be used under section 17 of the Bretton Monetary Fund’s market-determined cost of vided, That the restrictions under this head- Woods Agreements Act pursuant to the New financing, adjusted weekly, and loans from ing shall not apply to humanitarian, Arrangements to Borrow. demining or election-related programs or ac- any facility established to address cir- GENERAL PROVISIONS—THIS TITLE tivities: Provided further, That the provision cumstances of exceptional balance of pay- of such assistance shall be made available CONDITIONS FOR THE USE OF APPROPRIATED ments difficulties and impaired access to subject to the regular notification proce- FUNDS capital due to a sudden loss of market con- dures of the Committees on Appropriations. SEC. 601. (a) CONDITION FOR THE USE OF AP- fidence should carry a substantial surcharge (b) The Secretary of the Treasury should PROPRIATED FUNDS FOR QUOTA INCREASE.— that serves to provide an incentive for early instruct the United States executive direc- None of the funds appropriated after July 15, repayment and encourage private market re- tors of the international financial institu- 1998, under the heading ‘‘United States Quota financing, and that reflects risk. tions to use the voice and vote of the United in the International Monetary Fund’’ may be REPORTS ON FINANCIAL STABILIZATION PRO- States to oppose loans to the Government of obligated or made available to the Inter- GRAMS LED BY THE INTERNATIONAL MONE- Cambodia, except loans to support basic national Monetary Fund until 15 days after TARY FUND IN CONNECTION WITH FINANCING human needs. the Secretary of the Treasury and the Chair- FROM THE EXCHANGE STABILIZATION FUND EXPORT FINANCING TRANSFER AUTHORITIES man of the Board of Governors of the Federal SEC. 602. (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Reserve System jointly provide written noti- SEC. 575. Not to exceed 5 percent of any ap- the Treasury shall submit to the appropriate propriation other than for administrative ex- fication to the appropriate committees that committees 2 reports on the implementation penses made available for fiscal year 1999 for the major shareholders of the International of financial stabilization programs led by the programs under title I of this Act may be Monetary Fund have publicly agreed to, and International Monetary Fund in any country transferred between such appropriations for will act to implement in the Fund policies in connection with which the United States use for any of the purposes, programs and ac- providing that for conditions in standby has made a commitment to provide or has tivities for which the funds in such receiving agreements or other arrangements regarding provided financing from the stabilization account may be used, but no such appropria- the use of Fund resources include require- fund established under section 5302 of title tion, except as otherwise specifically pro- ments that the recipient country— 31, United States Code. A report shall in- vided, shall be increased by more than 25 per- (1) liberalize restrictions on trade in goods clude the following with respect to each such cent by any such transfer: Provided, That the and services and on investment, at a mini- country: exercise of such authority shall be subject to mum consistent with the terms of all inter- (1) The extent that the country has made the regular notification procedures of the national trade agreements of which the bor- progress in making conglomerate business Committees on Appropriations. rowing country is a signatory; practices more transparent through the ap- (2) eliminate the pervasive practice or pol- plication of internationally accepted ac- AUTHORIZATION FOR POPULATION PLANNING icy of government directed lending on non- counting practices, independent external au- SEC. 576. Not to exceed $385,000,000 of the commercial terms or provision of market dits, full disclosure, and provision of consoli- funds appropriated in title II of this Act may distorting subsidies to favored industries, en- dated statements. be available for population planning activi- terprises, parties, or institutions; and (2) The success of measures undertaken by ties or other population assistance. (3) guarantee nondiscriminatory treatment the United States Government and the Inter- REPORT ON FOREIGN MILITARY TRAINING in insolvency proceedings between domestic national Monetary Fund to ensure that the SEC. 577. The Secretary of Defense and the and foreign creditors, and for debtors and country will not provide Government-sub- Secretary of State shall jointly provide to other concerned persons. sidized support or tax privileges to bail out H7974 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 individual corporations, particularly in the effective only to such extent or in such ‘‘(D) economic deregulation by eliminating semiconductor, steel, plywood, paper, and amounts as are provided in advance in appro- inefficient and overly burdensome regula- glassware industries. priations Acts.’’. tions and strengthening the legal framework (3) Whether International Monetary Fund (b) EFFECTIVENESS SUBJECT TO CERTIFI- supporting private contract and intellectual involvement in labor market flexibility CATION.—The amendment made by sub- property rights; measures has had a negative effect on work- section (a) shall not take effect until the ‘‘(E) establishing or strengthening key ele- er rights in the country, and the nature of Secretary of the Treasury certifies to the ments of a social safety net to cushion the any such negative effects. Committee on Banking and Financial Serv- effects on workers of unemployment and dis- (b) TIMING OF REPORTS.—The first report ices of the House of Representatives and the location; and required by subsection (a) shall be due by De- Committee on Foreign Relations of the Sen- ‘‘(F) encouraging the opening of markets cember 1, 1998, and the second such report ate that the investors and banks have made for agricultural commodities and products shall be due by May 1, 1999. a significant contribution in conjunction by requiring recipient countries to make ef- (c) NOTIFICATION OF IMPENDING DISBURSE- with a financing package that, in the con- forts to reduce trade barriers. MENTS.—Not later than 36 hours before the text of an international financial crisis, ‘‘(3) Vigorously promote policies to in- disbursement to a country with respect to might include taxpayer supported official fi- crease the effectiveness of the International which a report is required by subsection (a) nancing. Monetary Fund, in concert with appropriate of any resources from the stabilization fund NEW ARRANGEMENTS TO BORROW international authorities and other inter- national financial institutions (as defined in referred to in subsection (a) in connection SEC. 606. Section 17 of the Bretton Woods section 1701(c)(2)), in strengthening financial with the implementation of a financial sta- Agreements Act (22 U.S.C. 286e–2 et seq.) is systems in developing countries, and encour- bilization program described in subsection amended— aging the adoption of sound banking prin- (a), the Secretary of the Treasury shall no- (1) in subsection (a)— ciples and practices, including the develop- tify the appropriate committees of the im- (A) by striking ‘‘and February 24, 1983’’ and ment of laws and regulations that will help pending disbursement. inserting ‘‘February 24, 1983, and January 27, to ensure that domestic financial institu- ADVISORY COMMISSION 1997’’; and tions meet strong standards regarding cap- (B) by striking ‘‘4,250,000,000’’ and inserting SEC. 603. (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of ital reserves, regulatory oversight, and ‘‘6,712,000,000’’; the Treasury shall establish an International transparency. (2) in subsection (b), by striking Financial Institution Advisory Commission ‘‘(4) Vigorously promote policies to in- (in this section referred to as the ‘‘Commis- ‘‘4,250,000,000’’ and inserting ‘‘6,712,000,000’’; crease the effectiveness of the International sion’’). and Monetary Fund, in concert with appropriate (b) MEMBERSHIP.—The Commission shall (3) in subsection (d)— international authorities and other inter- include— (A) by inserting ‘‘or the Decision of Janu- national financial institutions (as defined in (1) 6 individuals appointed by the Congress, ary 27, 1997,’’ after ‘‘February 24, 1983,’’; and section 1701(c)(2)), in facilitating the devel- including at least 2 former Secretaries of the (B) by inserting ‘‘or the New Arrangements opment and implementation of internation- Treasury, 1 of whom shall serve as the chair- to Borrow, as applicable’’ before the period ally acceptable domestic bankruptcy laws man of the Commission; and at the end. and regulations in developing countries, in- (2) not to exceed 2 members as designated ADVOCACY OF POLICIES TO ENHANCE THE GEN- cluding the provision of technical assistance by the Secretary. ERAL EFFECTIVENESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL as appropriate. (c) RECOMMENDATIONS.—Within 180 days MONETARY FUND ‘‘(5) Vigorously promote policies that aim after the appointment of Commission mem- SEC. 607. (a) IN GENERAL.—Title XV of the at appropriate burden-sharing by the private bers, the Commission shall submit to the ap- International Financial Institutions Act (22 sector so that investors and creditors bear propriate committees a report that contains U.S.C. 262o–262o-1) is amended by adding at more fully the consequences of their deci- the recommendations of the Commission re- the end the following: sions, and accordingly advocate policies garding the future role and responsibilities ‘‘SEC. 1503. ADVOCACY OF POLICIES TO ENHANCE which include— of the International Monetary Fund and the THE GENERAL EFFECTIVENESS OF ‘‘(A) strengthening crisis prevention and International Bank for Reconstruction and THE INTERNATIONAL MONETARY early warning signals through improved and Development, including changes to the pol- FUND. more effective surveillance of the national icy goals set forth for the International Mon- ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of the economic policies and financial market de- etary Fund and the International Bank for Treasury shall instruct the United States velopment of countries (including monitor- Reconstruction and Development in the Executive Director of the International Mon- ing of the structure and volume of capital Bretton Woods Agreements Act and the etary Fund to use aggressively the voice and flows to identify problematic imbalances in International Financial Institutions Act. vote of the Executive Director to do the fol- the inflow of short and medium term invest- (d) INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE.— lowing: ment capital, potentially destabilizing The Secretary of the Treasury shall instruct ‘‘(1) Vigorously promote policies to in- inflows of offshore lending and foreign in- the United States Executive Director at the crease the effectiveness of the International vestment, or problems with the maturity International Monetary Fund to use the Monetary Fund in structuring programs and profiles of capital to provide warnings of im- voice and vote of the United States to seek assistance so as to promote policies and ac- minent economic instability), and fuller dis- the establishment of a permanent advisory tions that will contribute to exchange rate closure of such information to market par- committee to the Interim Committee of the stability and avoid competitive devaluations ticipants; Board of Governors of the International that will further destabilize the inter- ‘‘(B) accelerating work on strengthening fi- Monetary Fund, that is to consist of elected national financial and trading systems. nancial systems in emerging market econo- members of the national legislatures of the ‘‘(2) Vigorously promote policies to in- mies so as to reduce the risk of financial cri- member countries directly represented by crease the effectiveness of the International ses; appointed members of the Executive Board Monetary Fund in promoting market-ori- ‘‘(C) consideration of provisions in debt of the International Monetary Fund. ented reform, trade liberalization, economic contracts that would foster dialogue and DEFINITIONS growth, democratic governance, and social consultation between a sovereign debtor and stability through— its private creditors, and among those credi- SEC. 604. For purposes of sections 601 through 603 of this chapter, the term ‘‘appro- ‘‘(A) appropriate liberalization of pricing, tors; priate committees’’ means the Committees trade, investment, and exchange rate re- ‘‘(D) consideration of extending the scope on Appropriations, Foreign Relations, and gimes of countries to open countries to the of the International Monetary Fund’s policy Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the competitive forces of the global economy; on lending to members in arrears and of Senate and the Committees on Appropria- ‘‘(B) opening domestic markets to fair and other policies so as to foster the dialogue tions and Banking and Financial Services of open internal competition among domestic and consultation referred to in subparagraph the House of Representatives. enterprises by eliminating inappropriate fa- (C); voritism for small or large businesses, elimi- ‘‘(E) intensified consideration of mecha- PARTICIPATION IN QUOTA INCREASE nating elite monopolies, creating and effec- nisms to facilitate orderly workout mecha- SEC. 605. (a) IN GENERAL.—The Bretton tively implementing anti-trust and anti-mo- nisms for countries experiencing debt or li- Woods Agreements Act (22 U.S.C. 286–286mm) nopoly laws to protect free competition, and quidity crises; is amended by adding at the end the follow- establishing fair and accessible legal proce- ‘‘(F) consideration of establishing ad hoc ing: dures for dispute settlement among domestic or formal linkages between the provision of ‘‘SEC. 61. QUOTA INCREASE. enterprises; official financing to countries experiencing a ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The United States Gov- ‘‘(C) privatizing industry in a fair and equi- financial crisis and the willingness of mar- ernor of the Fund may consent to an in- table manner that provides economic oppor- ket participants to meaningfully participate crease in the quota of the United States in tunities to a broad spectrum of the popu- in any stabilization effort led by the Inter- the Fund equivalent to 10,622,500,000 Special lation, eliminating government and elite national Monetary Fund; Drawing Rights. monopolies, closing loss-making enterprises, ‘‘(G) using the International Monetary ‘‘(b) SUBJECT TO APPROPRIATIONS.—The au- and reducing government control over the Fund to facilitate discussions between debt- thority provided by subsection (a) shall be factors of production; ors and private creditors to help ensure that September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7975 financial difficulties are resolved without in- International Monetary Fund self-evaluation SEMIANNUAL REPORTS ON FINANCIAL STA- appropriate resort to public resources; and by vigorously promoting review of the effec- BILIZATION PROGRAMS LED BY THE INTER- ‘‘(H) the International Monetary Fund ac- tiveness of the Office of Internal Audit and NATIONAL MONETARY FUND IN CONNECTION companying the provision of funding to Inspection and the Executive Board’s exter- WITH FINANCING FROM THE EXCHANGE STA- countries experiencing a financial crisis re- nal evaluation pilot program and, if nec- BILIZATION FUND sulting from imprudent borrowing with ef- essary, the establishment of an operations forts to achieve a significant contribution by evaluation department modeled on the expe- SEC. 609. Title XVII of the International the private creditors, investors, and banks rience of the International Bank for Recon- Financial Institutions Act (22 U.S.C. 262r– which had extended such credits. struction and Development, guided by such 262r-2) is amended by adding at the end the ‘‘(6) Vigorously promote policies that key principles as usefulness, credibility, following: would make the International Monetary transparency, and independence. Fund a more effective mechanism, in concert ‘‘SEC. 1704. REPORTS ON FINANCIAL STABILIZA- ‘‘(14) Vigorously promote coordination TION PROGRAMS LED BY THE with appropriate international authorities with the International Bank for Reconstruc- INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND and other international financial institu- tion and Development and other inter- IN CONNECTION WITH FINANCING tions (as defined in section 1701(c)(2)), for national financial institutions (as defined in FROM THE EXCHANGE STABILIZA- promoting good governance principles within section 1701(c)(2)) in promoting structural re- TION FUND. recipient countries by fostering structural forms which facilitate the provision of credit ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of the reforms, including procurement reform, that to small businesses, including microenter- Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary reduce opportunities for corruption and brib- prise lending, especially in the world’s poor- of Commerce and other appropriate Federal ery, and drug-related money laundering. est, heavily indebted countries. ‘‘(7) Vigorously promote the design of agencies, shall prepare reports on the imple- International Monetary Fund programs and ‘‘(b) COORDINATION WITH OTHER EXECUTIVE mentation of financial stabilization pro- assistance so that governments that draw on DEPARTMENTS.—To the extent that it would grams (and any material terms and condi- the International Monetary Fund channel assist in achieving the goals described in tions thereof) led by the International Mone- public funds away from unproductive pur- subsection (a), the Secretary of the Treasury tary Fund in countries in connection with poses, including large ‘show case’ projects shall pursue the goals in coordination with which the United States has made a commit- the Secretary of State, the Secretary of and excessive military spending, and toward ment to provide, or has provided financing Labor, the Secretary of Commerce, the Ad- investment in human and physical capital as from the stabilization fund established under well as social programs to protect the need- ministrator of the Environmental Protection section 5302 of title 31, United States Code. iest and promote social equity. Agency, the Administrator of the Agency for The reports shall include the following: ‘‘(8) Work with the International Monetary International Development, and the United ‘‘(1) A description of the condition of the Fund to foster economic prescriptions that States Trade Representative.’’. are appropriate to the individual economic economies of countries requiring the finan- circumstances of each recipient country, rec- (b) ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON IMF POLICY.— cial stabilization programs, including the ognizing that inappropriate stabilization Section 1701 of such Act (22 U.S.C. 262p–5) is monetary, fiscal, and exchange rate policies programs may only serve to further desta- amended by adding at the end the following: of the countries. ‘‘(2) A description of the degree to which bilize the economy and create unnecessary ‘‘(e) ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON IMF POL- the countries requiring the financial sta- economic, social, and political dislocation. ICY.— bilization programs have fully implemented ‘‘(9) Structure International Monetary ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of the Fund programs and assistance so that the Treasury shall establish an International financial sector restructuring and reform maintenance and improvement of core labor Monetary Fund Advisory Committee (in this measures required by the International Mon- standards are routinely incorporated as an subsection referred to as the ‘Advisory Com- etary Fund, including— integral goal in the policy dialogue with re- mittee’). ‘‘(A) ensuring full respect for the commer- cial orientation of commercial bank lending; cipient countries, so that— ‘‘(2) MEMBERSHIP.—The Advisory Commit- ‘‘(A) recipient governments commit to af- tee shall consist of 9 members appointed by ‘‘(B) ensuring that governments will not fording workers the right to exercise inter- the Secretary of the Treasury, after appro- intervene in bank management and lending nationally recognized core worker rights, in- priate consultations with the relevant orga- decisions (except in regard to prudential su- cluding the right of free association and col- nizations, as follows: pervision); lective bargaining through unions of their ‘‘(A) 1 member shall be a former Secretary ‘‘(C) the enactment and implementation of own choosing; or Deputy Secretary of the Treasury, who appropriate financial reform legislation; ‘‘(B) measures designed to facilitate labor shall serve as the chairman of the Advisory ‘‘(D) strengthening the domestic financial market flexibility are consistent with such Committee. system and improving transparency and su- core worker rights; and ‘‘(B) 2 members shall be representatives pervision; and ‘‘(C) the staff of the International Mone- from organized labor. ‘‘(E) the opening of domestic capital mar- tary Fund surveys the labor market policies ‘‘(C) 2 members shall be representatives kets. and practices of recipient countries and rec- from banking and financial services. ‘‘(3) A description of the degree to which ommends policy initiatives that will help to ‘‘(D) 2 members shall be representatives the countries requiring the financial sta- ensure the maintenance or improvement of from industry and agriculture. bilization programs have fully implemented core labor standards. ‘‘(E) 2 members shall be representatives reforms required by the International Mone- ‘‘(10) Vigorously promote International from nongovernmental environmental and tary Fund that are directed at corporate Monetary Fund programs and assistance human rights organizations. governance and corporate structure, includ- that are structured to the maximum extent ing— ‘‘(3) DUTIES.—Not less frequently than feasible to discourage practices which may every 6 months, the Advisory Committee ‘‘(A) making nontransparent conglomerate promote ethnic or social strife in a recipient shall meet with the Secretary of the Treas- practices more transparent through the ap- country. ury or the Deputy Secretary of the Treasury plication of internationally accepted ac- ‘‘(11) Vigorously promote recognition by to review, and provide advice on, the extent counting practices, independent external au- the International Monetary Fund that mac- to which individual country International dits, full disclosure, and provision of consoli- roeconomic developments and policies can Monetary Fund programs meet the policy dated statements; and affect and be affected by environmental con- goals set forth in this Act regarding the ‘‘(B) ensuring that no government sub- ditions and policies, and urge the Inter- International Monetary Fund. sidized support or tax privileges will be pro- national Monetary Fund to encourage mem- vided to bail out individual corporations, ‘‘(4) INAPPLICABILITY OF TERMINATION PRO- ber countries to pursue macroeconomic sta- particularly in the semiconductor, steel, and VISION OF THE FEDERAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE bility while promoting environmental pro- paper industries. ACT.—Section 14(a)(2) of the Federal Advi- tection. sory Committee Act shall not apply to the ‘‘(4) A description of the implementation of ‘‘(12) Facilitate greater International Mon- Advisory Committee.’’. reform measures required by the Inter- etary Fund transparency, including by en- national Monetary Fund to deregulate and hancing accessibility of the International SENSE OF THE CONGRESS ON THE ROLE OF privatize economic activity by ending do- Monetary Fund and its staff, fostering a JAPAN IN RESTORING REGIONAL AND GLOBAL mestic monopolies, undertaking trade liber- more open release policy toward working pa- ECONOMIC GROWTH alization, and opening up restricted areas of pers, past evaluations, and other Inter- the economy to foreign investment and com- national Monetary Fund documents, seeking SEC. 608. It is the sense of the Congress petition. to publish all Letters of Intent to the Inter- that Japan should assume a greater regional ‘‘(5) A detailed description of the trade national Monetary Fund and Policy Frame- leadership role, which would coincide with policies of the countries, including any un- work Papers, and establishing a more open Japan’s goal of promoting strong domestic fair trade practices or adverse effects of the release policy regarding Article IV consulta- demand-led growth and avoiding a signifi- trade policies on the United States. tions. cant increase in its external surplus with the ‘‘(6) A description of the extent to which ‘‘(13) Facilitate greater International Mon- United States and the countries of the Asia- the financial stabilization programs have re- etary Fund accountability and enhance Pacific region. sulted in appropriate burden-sharing among H7976 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 private sector creditors, including reschedul- made toward achieving the objectives out- ‘‘SEC. 1706. AUDITS OF THE INTERNATIONAL ing of outstanding loans by lengthening ma- lined in subsection (a), which shall describe MONETARY FUND. turities, agreements on debt reduction, and the steps taken by the United States, other ‘‘(a) ACCESS TO MATERIALS.—Not later than the extension of new credit. members of the world community, and the 30 days after the date of the enactment of ‘‘(7) A description of the extent to which international financial institutions to this section, the Secretary of the Treasury the economic adjustment policies of the strengthen safeguards in the global financial shall certify to the Committee on Banking International Monetary Fund and the poli- system, including measures to promote more and Financial Services of the House of Rep- cies of the government of the country ade- efficient functioning of global markets, by— resentatives and the Committee on Foreign quately balance the need for financial sta- (A) helping to develop effective legal and Relations of the Senate that the Secretary bilization, economic growth, environmental regulatory frameworks, including appro- has instructed the United States Executive protection, social stability, and equity for priate bankruptcy and foreclosure mecha- Director at the International Monetary Fund all elements of the society. nisms; to facilitate timely access by the General ‘‘(8) Whether International Monetary Fund (B) increasing transparency and disclosure Accounting Office to information and docu- involvement in labor market flexibility by both the private and public sectors; ments of the International Monetary Fund measures has had a negative effect on core (C) strengthening prudential standards, needed by the Office to perform financial re- worker rights, particularly the rights of free both globally and in individual economies; views of the International Monetary Fund association and collective bargaining. (D) improving domestic policy manage- that will facilitate the conduct of United ‘‘(9) A description of any pattern of abuses ment; States policy with respect to the Fund. of core worker rights in recipient countries. (E) strengthening the role of the inter- ‘‘(b) REPORTS.—Not later than June 30, ‘‘(10) The amount, rate of interest, and dis- national financial institutions in financial 1999, and annually thereafter, the Comptrol- bursement and repayment schedules of any crisis prevention and management; and ler General of the United States shall pre- funds disbursed from the stabilization fund (F) ensuring appropriate burden-sharing by pare and submit to the committees specified established under section 5302 of title 31, the private sector, particularly commercial in subsection (a) a report on the financial op- United States Code, in the form of loans, banks and financial institutions, in the reso- erations of the Fund during the preceding credits, guarantees, or swaps, in support of lution of crises. year, which shall include— the financial stabilization programs. (2) TIMING.—The Secretary of the Treasury ‘‘(1) the current financial condition of the ‘‘(11) The amount, rate of interest, and dis- shall submit to the Committees on Banking International Monetary Fund; bursement and repayment schedules of any and Financial Services and International Re- ‘‘(2) the amount, rate of interest, disburse- funds disbursed by the International Mone- lations of the House of Representatives and ment schedule, and repayment schedule for tary Fund to the countries in support of the the Committees on Foreign Relations and any loans that were initiated or outstanding financial stabilization programs. Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the during the preceding calendar year, and with ‘‘(b) TIMING.—Not later than October 1, Senate 2 interim reports on the matters de- respect to disbursement schedules, the re- 1998, and semiannually thereafter, the Sec- scribed in paragraph (1), the first of which is port shall identify and discuss in detail any retary of the Treasury shall submit to the due by October 1, 1998, and the second of conditions required to be fulfilled by a bor- Committees on Banking and Financial Serv- which is due on April 1, 1999, and a final re- rower country before a disbursement is ices and International Relations of the port on such matters, which is due on Octo- made; House of Representatives and the Commit- ‘‘(3) a detailed description of whether the tees on Foreign Relations, and Banking, ber 1, 1999. trade policies of borrower countries permit Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate a ANNUAL REPORT AND TESTIMONY ON THE STATE free and open trade by the United States and report on the matters described in sub- OF THE INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL SYSTEM, other foreign countries in the borrower coun- section (a).’’. IMF REFORM, AND COMPLIANCE WITH IMF tries; REPORTS ON REFORMING THE ARCHITECTURE OF AGREEMENTS ‘‘(4) a detailed description of the export THE INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL SYSTEM SEC. 611. Title XVII of the International policies of borrower countries and whether SEC. 610. (a) FINDINGS.—The Congress finds Financial Institutions Act (22 U.S.C. 262r– the policies may result in increased export of that, in order to ensure that the Inter- 262r-2) is further amended by adding at the their products, goods, or services to the national Monetary Fund does not become end the following: United States which may have significant the global lender of last resort to private adverse effects on, or result in unfair trade sector corporations and financial institu- ‘‘SEC. 1705. ANNUAL REPORT AND TESTIMONY ON THE STATE OF THE INTERNATIONAL practices against or affecting United States tions, and in order to help prevent future companies, farmers, or communities; threats to the international financial sys- FINANCIAL SYSTEM, IMF REFORM, AND COMPLIANCE WITH IMF AGREE- ‘‘(5) a detailed description of any condi- tem, the Secretary of the Treasury and the MENTS. tions of International Monetary Fund loans Chairman of the Board of Governors of the which have not been met by borrower coun- Federal Reserve System, working with their ‘‘(a) REPORTS.—Not later than October 1 of tries, including a discussion of the reasons counterparts in other countries and with each year, the Secretary of the Treasury why such conditions were not met, and the international organizations as appropriate, shall submit to the Committee on Banking should— and Financial Services of the House of Rep- actions taken by the International Monetary (1) seek to establish a broad set of inter- resentatives and the Committee on Foreign Fund due to the borrower country’s non- national transparency principles on account- Relations of the Senate a written report on compliance; ing and disclosure policies and practices cov- the progress (if any) made by the United ‘‘(6) an identification of any borrower ering, in particular, private sector financial States Executive Director at the Inter- country and loan on which any loan terms or organizations; national Monetary Fund in influencing the conditions were renegotiated in the preced- (2) promote improvements in the provision International Monetary Fund to adopt the ing calendar year, including a discussion of by both borrowers and lenders of timely and policies and reform its internal procedures in the reasons for the renegotiation and any comprehensive aggregate information on the manner described in section 1503. new loan terms and conditions; and ‘‘(7) a specification of the total number of cross-border financial stocks and flows; ‘‘(b) TESTIMONY.—After submitting the re- (3) seek an international accord establish- port required by subsection (a) but not later loans made by the International Monetary ing uniform minimum standards with re- than October 31 of each year, the Secretary Fund from its inception through the end of spect to robust banking and supervisory sys- of the Treasury shall appear before the Com- the period covered by the report, the number tems, which individual countries should be mittee on Banking and Financial Services of and percentage (by number) of such loans required to meet as a condition for the estab- the House of Representatives and the Com- that are in default or arrears, and the iden- lishment of subsidiaries, branches, or other mittee on Foreign Relations of the Senate tity of the countries in default or arrears, offices of banking institutions from their and present testimony on— and the number of such loans that are out- countries in the jurisdictions of the coun- ‘‘(1) any progress made in reforming the standing as of the end of period covered by tries participating in the accord; International Monetary Fund; the report and the aggregate amount of the (4) immediately initiate with appropriate ‘‘(2) the status of efforts to reform the outstanding loans and the average yield representatives of the countries that are international financial system; and (weighted by loan principal) of the historical members of the International Monetary ‘‘(3) the compliance of countries which and outstanding loan portfolios of the Inter- Fund discussions aimed at securing national have received assistance from the Inter- national Monetary Fund.’’. treatment for United States investors in national Monetary Fund with agreements SHORT TITLE such countries; and made as a condition of receiving the assist- SEC. 613. Sections 605 through 613 of this (5) seek to establish internationally ac- ance.’’. title may be cited as the ‘‘International ceptable bankruptcy standards and should AUDITS OF THE INTERNATIONAL MONETARY Monetary Fund Reform and Authorization work particularly to have International FUND Act of 1998’’. Monetary Fund recipient countries adopt The CHAIRMAN. No amendment to such standards. SEC. 612. Title XVII of the International (b) REPORTS.— Financial Institutions Act (22 U.S.C. 262r– the bill shall be in order except pro (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of the 262r-2) is further amended by adding at the forma amendments for the purpose of Treasury shall prepare 3 reports on progress end the following: debate, amendments printed in the September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7977

CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, and amend- (b) DUTIES.— other conveyances of the Armed Forces of ments printed in House Report 105–725. (1) IN GENERAL.—The commission shall the United States when travel is necessary The amendments printed in the re- consider issues relating to international ter- in the performance of a duty of the commis- port may be offered only by a Member rorism directed at the United States as fol- sion except when the cost of commercial lows: transportation is less expensive. designated in the report, shall be con- (A) Review the laws, regulations, policies, (C) The members of the commission may sidered read, shall be debatable for the directives, and practices relating to be allowed travel expenses, including per time specified in the report, equally di- counterterrorism in the prevention and pun- diem in lieu of subsistence, at rates author- vided and controlled by the proponent ishment of international terrorism directed ized for employees of agencies under sub- and an opponent, shall not be subject towards the United States. chapter I of chapter 57 of title 5, United to amendment except as specified in (B) Assess the extent to which laws, regu- States Code, while away from their homes or the report, and shall not be subject to lations, policies, directives, and practices re- regular places of business in the performance lating to counterterrorism have been effec- of services for the commission. a demand for division of the question. tive in preventing or punishing international The Chairman of the Committee of (D)(i) A member of the commission who is terrorism directed towards the United an annuitant otherwise covered by section the Whole may postpone a request for a States. At a minimum, the assessment 8344 of 8468 of title 5, United States Code, by recorded vote on any amendment and should include a review of the following: reason of membership on the commission may reduce to a minimum of 5 minutes (i) Evidence that terrorist organizations shall not be subject to the provisions of such the time for voting on any postponed have established an infrastructure in the section with respect to membership on the question that immediately follows an- western hemisphere for the support and con- commission. other vote, provided that the time for duct of terrorist activities. (ii) A member of the commission who is a (ii) Executive branch efforts to coordinate member or former member of a uniformed voting on the first question shall be a counterterrorism activities among Federal, minimum of 15 minutes. service shall not be subject to the provisions State, and local agencies and with other na- of subsections (b) and (c) of section 5532 of AMENDMENT NO. 5 OFFERED BY MR. WOLF tions to determine the effectiveness of such such title with respect to membership on the Mr. WOLF. Mr. Chairman, I offer an coordination efforts. commission. amendment. (iii) Executive branch efforts to prevent (5) STAFF AND ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT.— The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will des- the use of nuclear, biological, and chemical (A) The chairman of the commission may, weapons by terrorists. ignate the amendment. without regard to civil service laws and reg- (C) Recommend changes to ulations, appoint and terminate an executive The text of the amendment is as fol- counterterrorism policy in preventing and lows: director and up to 3 additional staff members punishing international terrorism directed as necessary to enable the commission to Amendment No. 5 printed in House Report toward the United States. perform its duties. The chairman of the com- 105–725 offered by Mr. WOLF: (2) REPORT.—Not later than 6 months after mission may fix the compensation of the ex- At the end of the bill, insert after the last the date on which the Commission first ecutive director and other personnel without meets, the Commission shall submit to the section (preceding the short title) the follow- regard to the provisions of chapter 51, and President and the Congress a final report of ing: subchapter III of chapter 53, of title 5, United the findings and conclusions of the commis- TITLE VII—ADDITIONAL GENERAL States Code, relating to classification of po- sion, together with any recommendations. PROVISIONS sitions and General Schedule pay rates, ex- (c) ADMINISTRATIVE MATTERS.— NATIONAL COMMISSION ON TERRORISM cept that the rate of pay may not exceed the (1) MEETINGS.— SEC. 701. (a) ESTABLISHMENT OF NATIONAL (A) The commission shall hold its first maximum rate of pay for GS–15 under the COMMISSION ON TERRORISM.— meeting on a date designated by the Speaker General Schedule. (1) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established a of the House which is not later than 30 days (B) Upon the request of the chairman of national commission on terrorism to review after the date on which all members have the commission, the head of any department counter-terrorism policies regarding the pre- been appointed. or agency of the Federal Government may vention and punishment of international (B) After the first meeting, the commission detail, without reimbursement, any person- acts of terrorism directed at the United shall meet upon the call of the chairman. nel of the department or agency to the com- States. The commission shall be known as (C) A majority of the members of the com- mission to assist in carrying out its duties. ‘‘The National Commission on Terrorism’’. mission shall constitute a quorum, but a The detail of an employee shall be without (2) COMPOSITION.—The commission shall be lesser number may hold meetings. interruption or loss of civil service status or composed of 15 members appointed as fol- (2) AUTHORITY OF INDIVIDUALS TO ACT FOR privilege. ERMINATION OF OMMISSION lows: COMMISSION.—Any member or agent of the (d) T C .—The com- (A) Five members shall be appointed by the commission may, if authorized by the com- mission shall terminate 30 days after the President from among officers or employees mission, take any action which the commis- date on which the commission submits a of the executive branch, private citizens of sion is authorized to take under this section. final report. (e) FUNDING.—There are authorized to be the United States, or both. Not more than 3 (3) POWERS.— appropriated such sums as may be necessary members selected by the President shall be (A) The commission may hold such hear- to carry out the provisions of this section. members of the same political party. ings, sit and act at such times and places, (B) Five members shall be appointed by the take such testimony, and receive such evi- The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to House Majority Leader of the Senate, in consulta- dence as the commission considers advisable Resolution 542, the gentleman from tion with the Minority Leader of the Senate, to carry out its duties. Virginia (Mr. WOLF) and a Member op- from among members of the Senate, private (B) The commission may secure directly posed each will control 10 minutes. citizens of the United States, or both. Not from any agency of the Federal Government The Chair recognizes the gentleman more than 3 of the members selected by the such information as the commission consid- from Virginia (Mr. WOLF). Majority Leader shall be members of the ers necessary to carry out its duties. Upon (Mr. WOLF asked and was given per- same political party and 3 members shall be the request of the chairman of the commis- mission to revise and extend his re- members of the Senate. sion, the head of a department or agency marks.) (C) Five members shall be appointed by the shall furnish the requested information expe- Mr. WOLF. Mr. Chairman, I will not Speaker of the House of Representatives, in ditiously to the commission. use that time. I want to thank first of consultation with the Minority Leader of the (C) The commission may use the United House of Representatives, from among mem- States mails in the same manner and under all the gentleman from Alabama (Mr. bers of the House of Representatives, private the same conditions as other departments CALLAHAN), chairman, and the gen- citizens of the United States, or both. Not and agencies of the Federal Government. tleman from New York (Mr. GILMAN), more than 3 of the members selected by the (4) PAY AND EXPENSES OF COMMISSION MEM- chairman, for their help and support. Speaker shall be members of the same politi- BERS.— Also, I want to thank the staff for their cal party and 3 members shall be members of (A) Subject to appropriations, each mem- help and support in shaping this the House of Representatives. ber of the commission who is not an em- amendment. (D) The appointments of the members of ployee of the government shall be paid at a It would set up a national commis- the commission should be made no later rate not to exceed the daily equivalent of the sion of 15 members on tourism to take than 3 months after the date of the enact- annual rate of basic pay prescribed for level a close look at the national ment of this Act. IV of the Executive Schedule under section counterterrorism policies and rec- (3) QUALIFICATIONS.—The members should 5315 of title 5, United States Code, for each have a knowledge and expertise in matters day (including travel time) during which ommend if anything more should be to be studied by the commission. such member is engaged in performing the done to deal with this issue, particu- (4) CHAIRMAN.—The chairman of the com- duties of the commission. larly nuclear, chemical, and biological. mission shall be elected by the members of (B) Members and personnel for the com- This would be a bipartisan effort the commission. mission may travel on aircraft, vehicles, or with the efforts that have taken place H7978 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 in the bombings that have taken place tant for this body to have an oppor- ist agenda in Russia and that subject is both in Tanzania and Kenya, going all tunity to discuss the funding for the probably the most important issue we the way back to the Beirut Embassy in International Monetary Fund. I believe could be discussing here, with the pos- 1983 and the marine barracks of that that the timing on it is appropriate. sible exception of the legislation re- year. It was one year ago that we stood garding North Korea that is in this I think this would be a very healthy here to talk about the IMF. The matter bill. positive thing to do. It would take 6 was tied to the international family In conclusion, I would say that I hope months. By the time Congress was planning issue, and, therefore, the that the chairman will not sustain the back early next year, hopefully this funding did not occur but we were as- point of order if indeed it is offered, be- commission will have finished its sured that this would probably take cause the effects to the American crisis work. place in February. Then it was going to have been felt, as I said before, by the So I will not take any more time, but be in the spring and here we are one American farmer and that should dem- I know there are many other amend- full year later. onstrate to all of us that this is not a ments that people want to offer and Secretary Rubin wrote in July to foreign give-away. would just ask for support of this bill. Congress indicating that the IMF has I remind my colleagues that this is Mr. Chairman, I yield back the bal- only $7 billion to $12 billion in usable not scored, this is not money that is an ance of my time. quota resources and its available credit opportunity cost for us in the budget. The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentle- lines have been reduced to $14.2 billion. This is money for which we receive a Recent GAO reports on this confirm woman from California (Ms. PELOSI) credit and a reserve when we put forth the validity of the secretary’s state- rise to claim the time in opposition to our funding. ment, and since Mr. Rubin’s July let- the gentleman’s amendment? It is a loan. This is not a grant in aid. ter, the matters have gotten worse. Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I would It is not an opportunity cost. It is an like to speak in favor of the amend- I would remind Members again that we have needed this replenishment for opportunity for us. In any event, I am ment and I ask unanimous consent to one year. Since that time, the condi- not speaking to persuade anyone one claim the time in opposition. tion of the world markets has deterio- way or the other on the IMF. My point The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection rated drastically and we have recently is that this issue should appropriately to the request of the gentlewoman seen the effects that are now being felt be debated on this floor, and I would from California? in our own financial markets. hope that the point of order, if offered, There was no objection. That is my view. I also know that would not be sustained. The CHAIRMAN. The Chair recog- many of my colleagues have a different The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman nizes the gentlewoman from California view about the IMF and I believe that from Alabama (Mr. CALLAHAN) insist (Ms. PELOSI) for 10 minutes. as the world is being impacted by the on his point of order? Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I yield Asian economic crisis, that it is appro- Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I myself such time as I may consume. priate for our House of Representatives still reserve my point of order. Mr. Chairman, I am not opposed to to have a debate on this issue. The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman con- the gentleman’s resolution. I thank Replenishment of the IMF, in my tinues to reserve his point of order. him for his leadership on this and am view, has been critical to protecting Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I pleased to support the gentleman’s leg- our own economy. The fundamentals of move to strike the last word. islation. our economy remain strong but I would Mr. Chairman, I would like at this Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, will point out to Members that U.S. exports time to speak and explain the situation the gentlewoman yield? to Asia have already declined by 20 per- we are in today. Ms. PELOSI. I am pleased to yield to cent, which amounts to a $22 billion the gentleman from Alabama. loss to our economy on an annualized b 1445 Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I basis. Farmers have been especially Mr. Chairman, the comments that rise in strong support of the amend- hard hit. ment of the gentleman from Virginia The trade deficit is expected to sky- the gentlewoman from California (Ms. to create this bipartisan commission rocket to the $250 billion to $300 billion PELOSI) made certainly make a lot of on terrorism. range this year. We must not leave sense. The complexity of the Inter- The idea is right on target and I am town without giving the administra- national Monetary Fund and the com- prepared to accept his amendment. tion the tools it needs to protect Amer- plexity of international finance, quite Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I yield ican workers, businesses and farmers. frankly, is far above the pay grade of back the balance of my time. The debate on IMF is focused pri- the average Member of the U.S. House The CHAIRMAN. The question is on marily on the reforms necessary within of Representatives. Yes, we try to learn the amendment offered by the gen- the institution, the mistakes made in as much as we possibly can about tleman from Virginia (Mr. WOLF). certain countries and blaming the in- international finance. We have to rely The amendment was agreed to. stitution for not anticipating the glob- upon the administrative branch of gov- AMENDMENT NO. 28 OFFERED BY MS. PELOSI al crisis we are now in. I believe, as I ernment to give us information to jus- Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I offer said earlier, that we must subject the tify whether or not we will give the ex- an amendment. IMF practices to the harshest scrutiny: perts on foreign policy and the experts The Clerk read as follows: Moral hazard, conditionality, need for on the international monetary system Amendment No. 28 offered by Ms. PELOSI: more transparency. the necessary monies. On page 110, after line 15, insert: But as I said also before, the issue of Mr. Chairman, I would say to the UNITED STATES QUOTA IN THE INTERNATIONAL contagion to our economy trumps all gentlewoman from California, very MONETARY FUND other concerns. We have a responsibil- likely they are correct. It is far above For an increase in the United States quota ity to the American worker. my pay grade, because my intellect in the International Monetary Fund, the dol- With respect to individual countries, level compared with the average Mem- lar equivalent of 10,622,500,000 Special Draw- I would say that certainly in the case ber of Congress is below average. ing Rights, to remain available until ex- of Thailand and Korea, progress has Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I object. pended. been made and reforms continue to Mr. CALLAHAN. I will first of all say Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I re- take place in their economies. Russia, that it is a very complex. serve a point of order on the amend- of course, is a special case and we know Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I demand ment of the gentlewoman from Califor- that Indonesia is still suffering and the gentleman’s words be taken down. nia (Ms. PELOSI). trying to democratize. Whether each of Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, the gen- The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman these countries is included in the IMF tleman should not forget, he is my from Alabama (Mr. CALLAHAN) reserves replenishment funding, again should be leader. He should not say those things a point of order. a subject for debate for this floor. about himself. Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, as I have Essentially, the IMF was taking a Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, very said before, I believe that it is impor- risk on the government and its reform- seriously, there are people on both September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7979 sides of this issue that I greatly re- mental resources and protection. My Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I spect. I respect George Shultz. I re- amendment would have required the continue to reserve my point of order. spect the gentlewoman from Califor- International Monetary Fund to review Mr. WELDON of Pennsylvania. Mr. nia. I respect a lot of people. But proposed loans for their environmental Chairman, I move to strike the req- George Shultz says do not give them impact. uisite number of words. anything. I respect Bob Rubin and he In 1989 and 1992, Congress passed laws (Mr. WELDON of Pennsylvania asked says give them the entire 18 billion. telling the IMF to consider the envi- and was given permission to revise and And I respect Alan Greenspan. He says ronmental impacts of its policy. Unfor- extend his remarks.) give them the 18 billion. tunately, IMF has not done so and the Mr. WELDON of Pennsylvania. Mr. But I also respect the views of the results have been disastrous in Indo- Chairman, I was prepared to offer an people I represent and the Members of nesia and many other countries. amendment, but because I have sought the U.S. House of Representatives who In many cases with the IMF, one of the cooperation of the distinguished are questioning this. They are ques- the solutions that they pose to these gentleman from Alabama (Chairman tioning whether or not we are doing countries is to export their way out of CALLAHAN) of the subcommittee, as the right thing under the cir- their difficulties. Not only does this well as the chairman of the full com- cumstances in past history. provide severe competition to Amer- mittee on this issue, I am pleased to IMF has a good historical record with ican jobs and manufacturing, but in stand today in the hopes of engaging in respect to monies being paid back. But many instances it enhances the envi- a colloquy regarding IMF funding to we are reaching a stage of no return, a ronmental degradation that takes Russia. different type of global economy that place in many of these countries, be- Mr. Chairman, I stand in support of is causing concerns to our constituents cause much of what they have to ex- IMF funding replenishment for Russia. and they want to know why there is port are resources that are extractive And I know that is not a popular deci- sion to make. I do so with the same not more transparency. They want to in nature. concerns that members of the Russian know why we do not have more control We have seen the disasters of the Duma, their Parliament, have in also over the activities of the International fires in Indonesia. We have seen the at this time opposing IMF funding. Monetary Fund, since we are putting in disasters in Guyana and other coun- Their concerns are that much of the nearly 18 percent of their revenues. tries where they have rushed to export dollars going into Russia through the And they have requested that we in- these materials without regard to the World Bank and IMF, and in some struct the International Monetary environmental impacts, and the same countries have later suffered environ- cases U.S. funding, have gone into the Fund to change directions of the past. black hole of some of the oligarchs in We are not sufficiently prepared mental disasters as a result of those Moscow who have not used the money today to address these very serious policies. Specifically, my amendment would properly. In fact, the people in Russia concerns. Maybe sometime during this have required the IMF to establish an are very concerned about having to pay process we will be, but there is not environmental review process on all back many of these loans. going to be any money appropriated by proposed loans before implementation; But just 2 weeks ago, in fact the day this House in addition to the $3.5 bil- require the IMF to take into account the President left Moscow, I arrived. lion we have already given until such the cost of unsustainable natural re- And as the chairman of the Inter-Par- time as serious reforms are attached or source use; require that IMF loan liamentary Commission on our side, serious assurances of reforms have in- agreements do not reduce or undermine along with the gentleman from Mary- deed passed this body and through the the country’s environmental standards; land (Mr. HOYER), I negotiated with the conference. and, require that environmental re- factions in the Russian Duma and came I am willing to work with the gentle- views be made available to the public. away with a set of eight principles. woman from California. I know the im- This is consistent what this commit- These eight principles, I think, are his- portance of it. I do not want to do any- tee has done with respect to other toric. thing to disrupt our economy. I know international lending institutions. The What they say that the Duma will that it does create some peril. I know gentlewoman from San Francisco (Ms. pass, according to Speaker Seleznyov, that Russia is not a good example of PELOSI) has been a very strong pro- are reforms that say reforms must what we do with International Mone- ponent of making sure that environ- come first. Besides reforms coming tary Fund financing. I know that mental impacts are part of the policies first, the regions that have made sig- Brazil might be in need in the next few of the World Bank and other multilat- nificant progress in terms of private weeks, whereby it will be justifiable. eral lending institutions, and the same property issues and stabilization of tax But at this time, I am not prepared to ought to be true of the IMF. bases should be given consideration for accept it and I am going to insist in a There are many, many other reforms international funding. few minutes on my point of order. that the gentleman from Alabama has All programs should be aimed at de- The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman referred to that have caused our con- veloping a middle class. There should from Alabama (Mr. CALLAHAN) contin- stituents a great deal of concern, and be a bilateral commission formed be- ues to reserve his point of order. that is why I wish the Committee on tween the Congress and the Parliament Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Chair- Rules had made in order some 12 or 14 to monitor every dollar of money going man, I move to strike the requisite amendments that were being offered by into Russia. The IMF should establish number of words. individuals on both sides of this debate. a blue ribbon international task force Mr. Chairman, I am truly sorry that Our constituents are watching this de- that should make recommendations to Members were not allowed to offer bate. They are concerned about the use the IMF about reforming itself. amendments dealing with the IMF. I of these resources, and they are con- There should be a program designed think the points made both by the gen- cerned about the international econ- by the Congress and the Duma to bring tleman from Alabama (Mr. CALLAHAN), omy as it affects the United States. We American corporate leaders to Russia chairman of the subcommittee, and by should be debating that on the floor of to assist and advise Russian companies the gentlewoman from California (Ms. the House. that are currently on the brink of PELOSI), the ranking member, are abso- Unfortunately, we will not have that bankruptcy. lutely the reasons why we should have opportunity. I want to thank the gen- Finally, that within 3 years we estab- had an opportunity to debate the fund- tleman from Alabama (Mr. CALLAHAN), lish an initiative to bring up the 15,000 ing level for the IMF. the subcommittee chairman, for with- Russian students to American business Mr. Chairman, I also find myself in a holding on insisting upon his point of schools to learn the ways of free mar- lot of agreement with what the gen- order, and I thank him for the oppor- ket systems. tleman from Alabama has said. I also tunity to raise this issue to our col- The Duma, in fact, will pass this. I wanted to offer an amendment to deal leagues. am asking my colleagues on the con- with the questions of the IMF funding The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman ference to agree with this. policies with respect to their negative from Alabama (Mr. CALLAHAN) wish to And I would like to at this time yield impacts that they have had on environ- make his point of order at this time? to the distinguished gentleman from H7980 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998

Alabama (Mr. CALLAHAN) the chairman Part of the deal was that we were countries receiving aid to liberalize of the subcommittee, to ask if he in going to vote on the floor of the House trade to the benefit of US agriculture. fact would work with me in the con- on both of these very controversial Korea has streamlined import certifi- ference process. issues. Both of them; not one of them. cation and just last week announced Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I It is my considered judgment today further reductions in trade barriers on thank the gentleman for yielding to that this action on the part of the lead- 32 imported products, including wheat me. I do agree that the direction that ership of the House to deny a free up- and fertilizer. Indonesia is reforming he has taken is correct. I have reviewed or-down vote on the IMF is the death its State Trading Enterprise. Thailand the eight platforms of his suggested re- knell to the fast track vote next week. is adopting harmonized import licens- form and certainly think this is the The fault will lie right squarely here in ing procedures and establishing more exact correct direction to move in. I the House, because we once again have transparent customs valuation proce- certainly will do everything I can to refused to have an open and honest de- dures. instruct the committee, or to request bate on issues on which we have some Yes, there are problems but, yes, the committee when we reach that disagreement. there are also good things happening. stage, to implement many of the deci- The last colloquy made good, emi- What I am worried about now is we sions. nent sense to me. I think that is the have once again reneged, that is the I must forewarn the gentleman that kind of reasoned approach to many of word we use back home in Texas, we the corrections and reforms that the these issues that we should be follow- reneged on an agreement. That is trou- gentleman has only deal with Russia, ing, but it should not be misinterpreted bling because that is not what the and there are serious concerns in this to say that we can pick and choose House Committee on Agriculture, both Congress and on the part of this Mem- these discussions in debate and pick sides of the aisle, understood. We un- ber about reforms for the entire Inter- and choose what we shall have debated derstood that we were, in fact, going to national Monetary Fund program. openly and honestly, and still have the But, Mr. Chairman, the gentleman is have an open and honest debate on IMF other decision that is so vital to agri- moving in the right direction. I think and let the will of the House speak and culture, and that is fast track. this is exactly the right thing to do, then have an open and honest debate That is very controversial on my side and I am going to suggest that we re- on fast track and let the will of the of the aisle. There are just a few of us view the eight platforms of his agree- House speak. And by this action today on this side that do support it, but ment with the Russian Duma and that of denying an opportunity for this free there are enough of us that do support we try to implement or to urge the and open debate, we have, in my opin- it. In fact, I have said with my one vote International Monetary Fund, or at ion, served a giant nail in the coffin of alone is enough to pass fast track next least urge the Secretary of the Treas- not only IMF but also fast track next week if we bring it up. ury to insist that the International week. But let me say this: By delaying IMF Monetary Fund recognize how impor- The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman funding, we are playing with fire. We tant it is to include these two bodies. from Alabama (Mr. CALLAHAN) contin- Mr. WELDON of Pennsylvania. Mr. know this. Specifically speaking to ag- ues to reserve his point of order. Chairman, reclaiming my time, I thank riculture, 40 percent of our agricultural Mr. LIVINGSTON. Mr. Chairman, I my friend and colleague and I also exports now go to emerging markets. move to strike the requisite number of thank the distinguished gentleman What is happening in those emerging words. from Louisiana (Mr. LIVINGSTON), markets is seriously affecting agri- Mr. Chairman, I heard the somewhat chairman of the full Committee on Ap- culture in the United States. vitriolic outcry from my friend from propriations for the past advice and We have the worst economic condi- Texas about the failure of including counsel he has given me in this area. tions in rural America since the De- the entire amount of IMF in this bill, And I thank the gentlewoman from pression. I ask every one of my col- but the fact is, I do not think he quite California (Ms. PELOSI) for her coopera- leagues here, if they take their average understands what is in this bill. There tion and I look forward to working wage and that of their constituents for is funding of $3.4 billion for IMF in this with her as well. the last 5 years and reduce it by 30 per- bill. There are conditions to make the Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, if the cent this year, what would the eco- IMF more responsive in this bill. There gentleman would yield, I thank him nomic conditions be in their family? is authorization for the full $18 billion and look forward to working with him. That is what we are, in fact, facing. in this bill. The Senate, the other body, The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman IMF is critical for so many agricul- has included the entire funding. from Alabama (Mr. CALLAHAN) contin- tural programs. Sure, there are warts, Before this process is over, either all ues to reserve his point of order. and I really appreciate and I sincerely of IMF could be in, part of IMF could Mr. STENHOLM. Mr. Chairman, I accept what the gentleman from Ala- be in, or some of IMF could be in. The move to strike the requisite number of bama has said, as well as the chairman process is not over. words. of the full committee, regarding this I am curious about the gentleman’s Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman question. But when the House is burn- statement that the failure to include from Alabama (Mr. CALLAHAN) for in- ing, it is not the time to debate what the entire amount of IMF in this bill dulging another 5 minutes to give a lit- color the fire truck shall be. means that fast track is dead. It occurs tle different perspective to this discus- The financial crisis could spread. We to me that fast track was on this floor sion today. have been eminently warned by no less one year ago and the minority party Before the Fourth of July recess, I than Alan Greenspan, chairman of the voted overwhelmingly against fast stood behind the Speaker of the House Federal Reserve; by the Treasurer of track. and many other of my colleagues, in- the United States, Mr. Rubin, who I be- If the gentleman would like me to cluding the chairman of the Committee lieve has great confidence on both sides yield to him, I would be happy to yield on Agriculture, when we endorsed what of the aisle. And yet, once again, we to him, I would like him to tell me why we called a Square Deal for Agri- are playing politics with two extremely the minority, if it is so important that culture, recognizing that one of the important issues. promises of the Freedom to Farm Act we pass IMF in order to get to fast b was to provide that we would do every- 1500 track, why most of the minority Mem- thing within our power in the House of IMF is critical to USDA export credit bers voted against fast track last time Representatives to make sure that for- programs, liberalization of agricultural and, when we bring it up next week, is eign markets would, in fact, be open. markets. There are a lot of successes. likely to vote against it again? We were promised that we would There have been some problems with Mr. STENHOLM. Mr. Chairman, will have a vote on the Square Deal and we IMF. I readily agree to that. But there the gentleman yield? have had two of those. The sanctions have also been some successes. Mr. LIVINGSTON. I yield to the gen- vote, and the normal trade relations IMF has helped U.S. farmers and tleman from Texas. with China have passed. We lack IMF ranchers by using the IMF rescue pack- Mr. STENHOLM. If memory serves and fast track. ages to reach agreements requiring the me correctly, Mr. Chairman, we did not September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7981 vote last year. I have expressed pub- international financial institutions and bility, Chubais replied: ‘‘In such situations, licly and I will say again to the gen- the IMF so that we would have some the authorities have to do it. We ought to. tleman in all sincerity, had the leader- ability to stabilize economic relation- The financial institutions understand, de- ship of the House chosen to bring it to ships between countries, so we would spite the fact that we conned them out of $20 billion, that we had no other way out.’’ a vote, we would have passed it with not have the conditions repeat them- Chubais’ comments came as Russia is the required number of votes on both selves that led to the political instabil- searching for a solution to the economic cri- sides of the aisle to get 218 votes, but, ity that led to the military actions sis that has paralyzed commerce, pushed once again, for some reason, we chose that led to the human devastation that banks to the verge of bankruptcy and sent not to allow the will of the people’s we saw in that period in our history. the currency, the ruble, plunging in value al- elective body to express themselves. At this point, imperfect though the most daily to record lows. We did not vote, Mr. Chairman. IMF is, it is the only instrument we Triggered by the devaluation of the ruble Mr. LIVINGSTON. Reclaiming my have to try to recognize the fact that on Aug. 17, the economic collapse has currencies have collapsed in Asia, that sparked a political crisis that has left the time, Mr. Chairman, the gentleman is country without a functioning government correct, we did not vote for fear that our export markets for agriculture and for more than two weeks. Yeltsin, twice un- there were not sufficient votes and it other products have collapsed. That able to win parliamentary confirmation of was deemed to be an embarrassment to has, in turn, helped create greater in- his nominee for prime minister, Viktor S. the President for his own party to vote stability in the Soviet Union. We have Chernomyrdin, met with advisors Tuesday against it. So he is right. seen great uncertainty in Latin Amer- but did not name a candidate for the post. If we bring up fast track next week, ican markets. How long do Members of Some Russian officials say that obtaining and it is my sincere hope that we will, this House think we can survive as an more foreign aid would be the best way to island of economic success in a world of halt the economic slide. The IMF is sched- I hope that the gentleman will work uled to release another $4.3-billion loan next with Members of his party so that we economic chaos? The answer is, not week, but the payment is in doubt because of will have sufficient votes to vote for very long. Russia’s inability to enact austerity meas- fast track and that that will cease to Mr. LIVINGSTON. Mr. Chairman, ures and its decision to devalue the ruble and be an issue. will the gentleman yield? freeze payments on short-term government With respect to IMF, I am sure that Mr. OBEY. I yield to the gentleman debt. the gentleman will have an oppor- from Louisiana. Chubais’ statements to the respected busi- Mr. LIVINGSTON. Mr. Chairman, I ness newspaper were especially startling be- tunity to vote on IMF beyond what appreciate my friend yielding to me. I cause he has been widely viewed as one of that which is already in this bill. want to tell him that I concede most of Russia’s ‘‘young reformers,’’ who could be Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I move to trusted by the West because he favored es- strike the requisite number of words. the points that he has made. I agree with him and for many of the same rea- tablishing a market economy. Mr. Chairman, I think the remarks of He has served Yeltsin in numerous capac- our distinguished committee chairman sons. I may ultimately support the ities, including privatization chief, presi- have really revealed what the situation IMF. But the question is, which comes dential chief of staff, deputy prime minister, is here today, because he has granted first, the chicken or the egg? campaign manager and, most recently, spe- The fact is world instability was not that these funds are authorized. And I cial envoy to Western lending institutions. created because this last tranche of During the years Chubias and his fellow would simply say that the only thing U.S. participation in the IMF has been free-market advocates have been in power, that is holding this up, in my view, is withheld this last year. And as the gen- privatization has resulted in a handful of ty- that the majority party continues to tleman well knows, the day we re- coons seizing control of the country’s major try to exercise political leverage on the ported this bill in full committee, the industries while millions of workers and pen- sioners go for months at a time without White House to obtain certain things Los Angeles Times had a front page ar- they want, running the risk that our being paid. ticle about Anatoly Chubais, former Chubais is chief executive of the state- position in the world economy is going economic guru of Russia, who said, we to become a whole lot shakier than it owned electricity monopoly Unified Energy conned the IMF and the United States Systems. is today. out of $20 billion. He used the words, This summer, as Russia’s economic woes We have heard many criticisms about we conned, we managed to scam them mounted, Chubais played a crucial role in the IMF and certainly many Members to give us the money so that we could winning a pledge of $22.6-billion in loans on this side of the aisle have made from the IMF, the World Bank and Japan. sustain our failing system. many criticisms, including myself. I The lenders insisted that Russia make seri- It is not the IMF’s fault that Russia ous changes in the management of its gov- recognize that the IMF is not sufficient system is failing. I think we, as stew- today to deal with our international ernment and the economy, including improv- ards of the American taxpayers’ ing tax collection and slashing spending. economic challenges. The IMF was cre- money, owe it to them not to allow But Russia’s desperate need for cash led ated in a world of fixed exchange rates. anybody to con us and throw our the IMF in July to release the $4.8-billion Today we do not have fixed exchange money down a rat hole. loan negotiated by Chubais, although Russia rates. The IMF was created at a time Mr. Chairman, I include for the had not met the loan conditions. Earlier, the IMF had loaned Russia $14.3 billion. when we had much smaller private cap- RECORD the article to which I referred: In Washington, spokesmen for the IMF and ital flows than we have today. Today [From the Los Angeles Times, 1998] private capital flows when somebody the World Bank declined Tuesday to discuss RUSSIA LIED TO OBTAIN LOANS, A CHIEF AIDE Chubais’ statements because they had not punches a computer button that can TO YELTSIN SAYS read the interview, ‘‘I haven’t seen the arti- overwhelm the IMF in many, many (By Richard C. Paddock) cle, so it would be irresponsible for me to parts of the world. MOSCOW—A key architect of Russia’s eco- comment.’’ World Bank spokesman Klas But we have seen the world when we nomic transformation said in a published Bergman said. did not have the IMF. We did not have interview Tuesday that Russia ‘‘conned’’ the Andrei V. Trapeznikov, a spokesman for the IMF in the 1930s. And in the 1930s, international community out of nearly $20 Chubais, tried to put the best spin on the when we had first an Austrian banking billion in loans by lying about the severity Kommersant interview but did not contest collapse, followed in turn by a collapse of the country’s fiscal problems. any of the quotations. In fact, he said, of the currency in Germany. And when Anatoly B. Chubais, who in July nego- Chubais was given a copy of the text before tiated a $4.8-billion loan from the Inter- it was published and did not question they the markets were then in turn de- national Monetary Fund, said in an inter- way in which he was quoted. stroyed in Britain, and that chaos view in Kommersant Daily that it was nec- ‘‘I think this passage should not be inter- came across the water and engulfed the essary and appropriate for Russia to lie in preted as malicious intent,’’ Trapeznikov United States, we had the greatest de- order to obtain infusions of cash. said. ‘‘There was no ill intent on the part of pression in modern history. If the government had told the truth, the Russia to cheat the IMF out of its money.’’ All that happened because of that is longtime advisor to President Boris N. In the interview, Chubais used the Russian that Adolf Hitler came to power, over Yeltsin said in the interview, Russia’s econ- slang word kinuli, which means ‘‘we cheat- ed,’’ Trapeznikov said it was a harsher word 50 million people died in the world, and omy would have collapsed last spring and global lenders ‘‘would have stopped dealing than what Chubais really meant. that is why the ‘‘Wise Men,’’ as they with us forever.’’ ‘‘What works for a Russian audience were known after the end of World War Asked if the Russian government has the sounds very rough in English,’’ he said. ‘‘I II, created institutions such as the right to lie about the country’s fiscal insta- think that Antoly Borisovich [Chubais] used H7982 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 a wrong word in this context and did not ex- unfold in the agricultural community stabilize the world’s economic system press himself very clearly.’’ of this country. All across the farm before it costs our constituents jobs. At another point in the Kommersant inter- belt agriculturalists lists are in dire The CHAIRMAN. The time of the view, Chubais defended Yeltsin’s statement circumstances. Why? For a number of gentleman from Wisconsin (Mr. OBEY) just days before the government devalued the ruble that it would never do so. reasons, principal among them is the has again expired. ‘‘One can keep lashing out at the president fact that their markets are beginning (On request of Mr. CALLAHAN, and by to one’s heart’s content for having said there to dry up. Not that we have that many unanimous consent, Mr. OBEY was al- would be no devaluation, but this was the markets in the Far East, but the Aus- lowed to proceed for 3 additional min- very thing that should have been said,’’ tralians do and the Australian market utes.) Chubais told the newspaper. ‘‘Any politician for grain has dried up in the Far East. Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I in sound mind will tell you this is the only And they are now moving into our continue to reserve my point of order. way, unfortunately, that authorities should markets, as are the Canadians. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman behave in such extreme situations.’’ And the result of that is that prices yield? Mr. OBEY. Reclaiming my time, I are dropping all around the world for Mr. OBEY. I yield to the gentleman would simply make one observation. agricultural commodities and our from Alabama. Obviously, I agree with the gentle- farmers are suffering. They are going b 1515 man’s concern about that. I am ex- to continue to suffer. If we fail to fund tremely unhappy about that. But I ask the IMF at the appropriate level so Mr. CALLAHAN. I thank the gen- the gentleman to remember the advice that that agency is able to step in and tleman for yielding to me, and I just that we have had from Alan Greenspan begin to stabilize the currencies and want to say that we can debate this all and from virtually every other person economies of these countries, the re- afternoon, and I have been as tolerant with major responsibilities in running percussions are going to redound on as I possibly can be, but we have a lot our economy. They have all urged us to this North American continent next of other important issues that we need pass this. year. We will reap the whirlwind for to talk about today. Ultimately, I am The CHAIRMAN. The time of the our failure to act. very optimistic that the Chair is going gentleman from Wisconsin (Mr. OBEY) We need to get this bill out on the to rule favorably upon my point of has expired. floor. We need a full and comprehen- order. (By unanimous consent, Mr. OBEY sive debate on the International Mone- What the gentleman is saying is not was allowed to proceed for 3 additional tary Fund. Yes, we recognize it is an taken lightly. The gentleman does minutes.) inadequate instrument itself, but it is have validity to his argument, as we Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I will the only one we have, as the minority have validity to ours. To just give make one additional point. In Russia, leader of the Committee on Appropria- them the keys to the car at this time, within a period of three months, people tions said so many times. without some instruction, is a very se- have lost 85 percent of the value of The CHAIRMAN. The time of the rious mistake. their investments, 85 percent of the gentleman from Wisconsin (Mr. OBEY) We are entering a different global value of the stock market. If that had has again expired. economy. Global economy is something happened in this country today, we (On request of Mr. HINCHEY, and by relatively new. It is relatively poorly would be in the midst of a revolution. unanimous consent, Mr. OBEY was al- understood. But when we look at the It is a minor miracle that they are not. lowed to proceed for 2 additional min- future and see the problems that are They have a few thousand nuclear utes.) going to be taking place in Brazil, and weapons which can very easily be Mr. HINCHEY. Mr. Chairman, if the in our own hemisphere that could more pointed at us. I would suggest to every- gentleman will continue to yield, I directly impact our economy, and when one who cares about the subject that thank the chairman of the subcommit- we look at the new Eurodollar and we the very fact that we have such chaos tee for his forbearance in allowing this try to look into the future to see what in Russia is an argument for strength- discussion to take place. I this he does happens if the Eurodollar fails and ening, not denying, resources to the so because he recognizes the impor- then the IMF has to bail out the entire only instrument we have left to pre- tance of it. He may not be yet con- European Community, we are talking vent that kind of chaos. vinced of the arguments that are being about $50 billion possibly in new needs. Mr. HINCHEY. Mr. Chairman, will presented on this side of the aisle, but So, yes, the gentleman’s arguments the gentleman yield? to his credit and to the credit of the are right. I think that we should pos- Mr. OBEY. I yield to the gentleman chairman of the committee, they rec- sibly look at it. I do not think we from New York. ognize that there is validity to these ought to look at it at this time. And, Mr. HINCHEY. Mr. Chairman, I arguments. as a result, I have not been pressured thank the gentleman for yielding to We are in now a very perilous period by leadership to do anything. This is me. I think that he has made the in our history. So I just beg my col- my bill. It was a bill written by myself points extremely well. I would just add leagues, please give reconsideration to and my staff, confirmed by the gen- that it is becoming increasingly clear, this decision to prevent an adequate tleman and his staff, confirmed by the in spite of all the work that has gone discussion of this. Please give reconsid- entire full committee, and, as a result, into this bill, and we appreciate the eration to the decision not to fund the it is the best we are going to do today. difficulty in balancing all of the things IMF. It is desperately essential that we Mr. OBEY. If the gentleman would that have to be done, the bill remains do so. let me reclaim my time to make one an inadequate instrument to deal with Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I would observation, I would point out today the economic problems confronting us simply like to say that we just heard that the stock market is down again by in the global community. the committee chairman say, ‘‘Look, I a huge amount. We are in the midst of If we fail to recognize that, we do so may vote with you at some point.’’ In incredible political and economic un- at our peril. We are already beginning fact, I have heard them say, ‘‘We prob- certainty around the world. This Con- to see the impacts of the economic cri- ably will vote with you at some point.’’ gress should not do anything that adds sis in East Asia in the deflation that is The problem is, that is what we have to that uncertainty, creates additional sweeping across that part of the world. been hearing for a year. Every time we shakiness in the markets and creates Just a week ago, representatives from bring this up, we are in essence told, more opportunity for people to lose the steel industry were here in the Cap- well, you may be right, but this is not their hard-earned investments because itol pleading with this government and the right time. we have lagged in meeting our respon- the White House to do something about It is long since past the right time. sibilities. That is what has happened. the fact that steel was being dumped We need to end the leverage or the ef- Mr. CALLAHAN. If the gentleman on our marketplace from East Asia at forts at seeking political leverage. We will continue to yield, we can use all prices below production cost. need to end the debate. We need to end types of comparisons, but while we We heard just a few moments ago the delay. We need to get about the were debating this in committee, the about the tragedy that is beginning to business of doing the best we can to stock market was down, tremendously September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7983 down, and during the period of time we world to deal with this situation, with- And what those high rates are basi- debated it in committee, the stock out adequate resources and with the cally saying is that the marketplace market actually came up about 70 United States having defaulted on its out there asks for a risk premium, in points. leadership. this case a very substantial risk pre- Mr. OBEY. It still dropped a huge The executive branch has stepped up mium, because the private markets amount that day. And I would simply to the plate. The United States Senate, think that they ultimately might not say this Congress has a responsibility our other body, has stepped up to the get paid back. to take any action necessary to try to plate and they have passed authoriza- So what this point of order is simply stabilize the situation rather than con- tion and appropriations legislation doing is saying since we might not get tinuing to contribute to its destabiliza- twice in an overwhelming bipartisan paid back, we ought to watch out for tion. fashion. The House Committee on the taxpayer rather than just handing Mr. CALLAHAN. I agree. Banking and Financial Services has out the IMF money. Mr. Chairman, I reserve my point of stepped up to the plate. In a bipartisan The July piece of debt that was order. I insist on my point of order manner, we began consideration of this issued by the IMF was at 4.5 percent. which I have made against the amend- in January and in a matter of weeks Can my colleagues imagine how giant ment. reported out a bill, with every Demo- that spread is, between 30, 40 or 50 per- The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman crat supporting the authorization and cent interest rate, and where the IMF from Alabama continues to reserve his a considerable majority of the Repub- was? If we want to help shore up Russia point order or insists on his point of licans. So we reported it out by a vote and say we ought to just issue grants, order? of 40 to 9. Forty to 9. issue aid to Russia, that is one thing. Mr. CALLAHAN. I will continue to How shameful, therefore, that the But do not call a loan a loan when, in reserve for a few more minutes. present House leadership has not even essence, it is not a loan, because that is Mr. LAFALCE. Mr. Chairman, I move permitted us the opportunity to bring exactly what we are talking about. And to strike the requisite number of this issue to the floor so that we can that is what that point of order is all words. appropriate the full amount that the about. This is a bit ironic. This issue is of United States has committed itself to. Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I such import that we could debate it for The United States defaulted by not hate to do this. I have tried to be ex- about an hour, but under the reserva- joining the League of Nations. I think tremely fair to all Members on all tion of a right to object rather than de- that was a huge mistake. If the United issues, but we have a limited amount of bate it for an hour via an amendment States did not participate in the time to debate this entire bill and, un- that would actually appropriate the United Nations, that would be a huge less the gentlewoman, the ranking monies. We should have been proceed- mistake, particularly because of the member of our subcommittee, is re- ing in that fashion, with an amend- military requirements of the United questing time before my insisting on ment, so that this body could have Nations. We now have not a military the point of order, I am going to now taken a vote on the issue. situation but an economic difficulty, insist. I am in my 12th term in Congress, and it would be calamitous if the PARLIAMENTARY INQUIRY and in my entire adult lifetime I do not United States withdrew, in effect, in Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I have a recall an occasion when the world fact, from the only international mech- point of parliamentary inquiry. economy has been more fragile. It anism that exists today to deal with It is my understanding, Mr. Chair- seems to be falling apart in Asia. That this global economic crisis. man, that if the chairman insists on should have been a signal, as it was to I implore this House leadership to let his point of order, then I will, as the the administration, as it was to our us consider and vote on full authoriza- maker of the amendment, have the op- central bank, for the United States to tion and full appropriations before we portunity to address the point of order, step in with the other nations of the recess. as will my colleagues? world and authorize and appropriate Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I The CHAIRMAN. The Chair has dis- our fair share of the IMF contribution. continue to reserve a point of order. I cretion to hear discussion and argu- But the House of Representatives’ lead- will allow some rebuttal, with one ment on the point of order and intends ership opted to play Russian roulette speaker on our side, before I insist on to limit debate on the point of order. with the situation and see what would my point of order. Ms. PELOSI. I thank the Chair. happen. Mr. SANFORD. Mr. Chairman, I Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I ask Well, I do not know that we could say move to strike the requisite number of unanimous consent that the gentle- that, because of that fact alone, we saw words, and I would just rise in support woman from California (Ms. PELOSI) be the difficulties in Russia, but we cer- of what the chairman has been saying granted 10 minutes of time, which she tainly saw the Asian contagion spread here. can allocate to any person she deems to Russia, and it has now spread to I think what he is talking about in fit. Latin America. We have had consider- his point of order is something that ul- The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman con- able difficulties in Brazilia. And we do timately watches out for the American tinues to reserve his point of order, and not know where it is going to end, or if taxpayer. And lest we forget, this body the gentleman is asking unanimous it is going to end. is designed and built for ultimately consent that the gentlewoman from We do not know what would happen watching out for the taxpayer of the California (Ms. PELOSI) shall be allowed if the Chinese were to devalue their United States of America. I think that to speak for 10 additional minutes. currency and the repercussions that is exactly what his point of order does. Is there objection to the request of that would create, not just in Asia but I would just make this one point, and the gentleman from Alabama? globally. that is, I have here a rate sheet from There was no objection. We do know this: that Alan Green- Goldman Sachs, which is the place The CHAIRMAN. The gentlewoman span has said the United States cannot where Robert Rubin, our Secretary of from California (Ms. PELOSI) is recog- long stand as an oasis of prosperity; the Treasury, used to work and used to nized for 10 additional minutes. that this fragile global economic situa- head, and this could be found not just Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I yield tion can have, in the very near future, at Goldman Sachs, it could be found at myself such time as I may consume to a profound impact on the United Merrill Lynch or any of the investment thank the distinguished chairman of States. banks, looking at the rates which the the committee for his courtesy, which We also know this: that this body, private markets are charging for gov- seems to be boundless. this Congress, is scheduled to recess ernment debt in Russia. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to October 9. It would be unthinkable if I have here rates looking at 2001 the gentleman from Texas (Mr. BENT- we were to recess on October 9 and not paper yielding 32.31 percent. I would SEN). have in place the only international ar- look at 2005 paper yielding 52.63 per- Mr. BENTSEN. Mr. Chairman, I chitecture, the only international fi- cent. I would look at 2015 paper yield- thank the gentlewoman for yielding me nancial mechanism that exists in the ing 65.43 percent. this time, and I look forward to the H7984 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 day when I grow up and can speak for just like fast track, it is the right tant not only to the world economic 5 minutes in the full House. thing to do. Members should be situation but to the economy of the Mr. Chairman, I appreciate the posi- ashamed of themselves for not allowing United States. We should debate it and tion of the gentleman from Alabama on this to come to the floor. I appreciate vote on it. this. I do not think, quite frankly, his the gentlewoman from California for I support the Pelosi amendment. party has a position or our party has a having the courage to bring this up. Ms. PELOSI. I thank the gentle- position. I think there are several posi- Ms. PELOSI. I thank the gentleman woman for her remarks. tions floating around, which is one of for his leadership and for his fine state- Mr. Chairman, I yield 1 minute to the the reasons this should be debated. ment. gentleman from Illinois (Mr. JACKSON) There are Members on the gentleman’s Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to a person who has been a leader for us side who realize recapitalizing the IMF the gentlewoman from California (Ms. on these issues and has a balanced is the right thing, and there are Mem- ESHOO) who has been a leader on this view. bers on our side who are totally issue in the Congress. Mr. JACKSON of Illinois. Mr. Chair- against it. Ms. ESHOO. Mr. Chairman, I thank man, I thank the gentlewoman for The fact is, the same arguments that my distinguished colleague, the rank- yielding time, and I want to thank the apply to the IMF apply to fast track. ing member of the committee, for her chairman of the full committee for his indulgence. I rise in strong support of And the reason is that we live in a leadership on this issue. I rise today in the Pelosi amendment. I would encour- world economy and we cannot isolate the hope that the gentleman, the dis- age this Congress to move as quickly ourselves. For those of us, like myself, tinguished subcommittee chairman, as it possibly can to fully replenish the who believe in fast track and who be- will not insist on his point of order and International Monetary Fund. lieve in free trade, we also believe we also, of course, in support of the Pelosi amendment to add the $14.5 billion to I was here when the chairman of the need to deal with the economic crisis. full committee the gentleman from Now, like my colleague from South the foreign ops appropriations bill and Louisiana (Mr. LIVINGSTON) indicated Carolina who spoke before, who worked fully fund the IMF. I think that together we can inocu- that indeed the Russians had sug- on Wall Street at one point in time, as gested, or a Russian had suggested that I did, I think we both understand that late the global economic system with the infusion of the $14.5 billion in this they conned the International Mone- markets operate based on both fun- tary Fund out of $20 billion. But we damentals and confidence. And the bill. I say that because, number one, America’s economic interests are tied now know that when Mr. Greenspan problem that exists today, and has came before the full Banking Commit- to this. When we talk about the Amer- grown more prevalent, is that con- tee yesterday and asked for this Con- ican taxpayer, we are also talking fidence in the world markets has been gress to replenish the International about the American investor. The lost, and that is what we are seeing. Monetary Fund to the tune of $18 bil- American investor through its 401(k)s That is why we are seeing the con- lion that the chairman of the Federal and many other vehicles invests in for- tagion spread. Reserve Board was not conning us yes- eign economies. We see not only an If we do not step in and address this terday. He recognizes that there are in- Asia flu but something that is becom- problem with the IMF, and, yes, it is deed turbulent roads in our economy ing contagious in many places around not perfect, there is no perfect world on the horizon and it is very important the world. We speak with pride about a body to deal with this, but it is the that this Congress react with due haste only one we have at the time. We can- global economy, but when it comes to and due speed to make indeed the nec- not allow the situation to get out of the crisis, we are not willing to fill the essary appropriations. Let us not just control. needle and give the inoculation that is measure what is taking place in finan- I think it is important that Members needed. cial terms. Let us also measure what is I plead with my colleagues on both understand that what we are talking taking place in human terms. about here are loans, because this is sides of the aisle to support this, be- Indonesia was on the brink of Civil the lender of last resort, not grants. cause this is not only in America’s in- War because, in part, of this Congress’ terest, in the taxpayers’ interests, in b 1530 inability to act. We need to save our the investors’ interests, but in the in- own economy but the world as well. I think it is also important that we terest of stabilizing a global economy Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 understand what is going on. In our which America the great has a huge in- minutes to the gentleman from Vir- own area of the world, we are seeing an vestment and interest in. ginia (Mr. MORAN) who is a true inter- oil crisis occur because of the lack of Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I yield 1 nationalist and understands the inter- demand for oil in the Asian market, minute to the gentlewoman from New relationship of our economies. and that is spreading throughout Latin York (Mrs. MALONEY) who again rep- Mr. MORAN of Virginia. Mr. Chair- America. resents a great financial center of com- man, I am very grateful to the very Finally, I would just say this. We merce in our country and understands distinguished ranking member of the have had a year to look at this since this issue full well. Subcommittee on Foreign Operations this debate first started, and the lead- Mrs. MALONEY of New York. Mr. of the Committee on Appropriations as ership on the other side who I know is Chairman, I rise in support of the I am to the generosity of the chair of split on this question said, ‘‘We’re Pelosi amendment and funding for the that committee. I rise in support of the going to look at this. We’re going to International Monetary Fund. With the Pelosi amendment. come up with a better way to do it.’’ world situation the way it is, this is no Our economy is doing well right now, The time is up. It is time to deal with time for the United States to abandon but as Alan Greenspan said, we cannot this problem. We have lost all the gains and pull out of international organiza- forever be an oasis of prosperity. A full in the stock exchange for the year. We tions. I fully support Chairman Green- 30 percent of our economy is tied to are starting to see a decline in the span, Secretary Rubin and the Admin- international trade. For better or American economy as a result and in istration, all of whom support funding worse, we are the leader of the world the growth rate of the U.S. economy for the International Monetary Fund economy. Much of that economy, par- and an increase of imports over the because it is in the economic interest ticularly Russia, Asia and now Latin last year because we have not done our of the United States. We live in a world America is in trouble. If the IMF lacks work. We have not done a whole lot in economy. It would be a terrible signal the funds to stabilize foreign cur- this Congress this year and now we are to the world if we suddenly decided we rencies and markets, there will be no running out of time and we are going wanted to destroy this international market for that one-third of our prod- to let everything go away because of it. organization by withholding funding. ucts and services, we sell overseas and That is a mistake. The signal we should be sending from they will be in such a desperate posi- I think we ought to bring this issue the United States is that we support tion they are going to be dumping their to the floor for the debate. It will be a this international organization and products on our market, causing seri- bipartisan group for it and a bipartisan that we do not want to abandon ship ous economic disruption. Our inven- group against it, but in my opinion, during a time of crisis that is impor- tories will build, grain elevators will September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7985 fill and factories will go idle as work- sustain its operations well into the The CHAIRMAN. The Chair is pre- ers are furloughed or laid off. These next decade and would reduce the pos- pared to rule. The Chair is advised that economic and strategic concerns are of sibility that the United States will be there is no current authorization in paramount importance for the Con- forced to bear a disproportionate share law for the appropriation proposed in gress to debate. And so it is wrong for of the financing in any future financial the amendment offered by the gentle- the leadership to refuse to permit the crisis. woman from California. The amend- full House to consider the IMF bill that Ms. PELOSI. I thank the gentle- ment is not merely perfecting to what passed the House Banking Committee woman for her leadership on this issue has been permitted to remain in the by a vote of 40–9. and for her fine statement. bill by a waiver of points of order. The IMF is not some part of a rogue Mr. Chairman, I yield myself the bal- The Chair therefore sustains the international conspiracy. It is an insti- ance of my time. I urge the gentleman point of order under clause 2(a) of rule tution born of the ashes of World War not to insist on his point of order. I XXI. II, born by the United States and the call this action of not allowing us to AMENDMENT NO. 32 OFFERED BY MR. PORTER people who formed this strong economy have a full debate on the IMF and a Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, I offer, throughout the civilized world. The vote on the IMF the stop-the-world-I- with the permission of the gentle- reason why the international economy want-to-get-off approach. We have to woman from California, the Radano- is as strong today is because we started understand the interrelationship of our vich amendment No. 32 as printed in things like the International Monetary economies. We have to debate pro and the RECORD. Fund after World War II to make sure con the approaches we would take. The Clerk read as follows: we did not go through another Great This House should take responsibility Amendment No. 32 offered by Mr. PORTER: Depression that formed the basis of for the $14.5 billion we wanted added. In title V, strike the section relating to World War II. We can never repeat The gentleman from Louisiana (Mr. the repeal of section 907 of the FREEDOM Support Act. these mistakes. We have to learn from LIVINGSTON) has stated that IMF is au- these mistakes. thorized in this bill so the point of Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, I ask The IMF is critically important. Sure order on the basis of authorization is unanimous consent to yield my entire there are reforms that need to be made, not legitimate. The reforms that the time to the gentleman from California but that does not mean that the IMF is gentleman from Alabama suggested, (Mr. RADANOVICH). not essential to the productivity and to were a part of an amendment that I of- The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection the economic stability, to the jobs and fered in committee which failed and to the request of the gentleman from to the well-being of all American citi- which the Committee on Rules rejected Illinois? Without objection, the gentleman zens. last night. from California (Mr. RADANOVICH) is We ought to be debating it. We ought POINT OF ORDER to pass it. We ought to restore funding recognized for 5 minutes. Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I There was no objection. immediately to the International Mon- make a point of order against the Mr. RADANOVICH. I thank the gen- etary Fund. amendment because it provides an ap- erous gentleman from the State of Illi- Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I yield 1 propriation for an unauthorized pro- nois for yielding me the time. minute to the gentlewoman from New gram and therefore violates clause 2(a) Mr. Chairman, I rise today in support York (Mrs. LOWEY) a member of the of rule XXI. of a bipartisan amendment to maintain Subcommittee on Foreign Operations Clause 2(a) of rule XXI states in per- section 907 of the Freedom Support of the Committee on Appropriations tinent part: Act, a provision which, since its adop- and a person who understands this ‘‘No appropriation shall be reported tion by Congress in 1992, has placed issue full well. She, too, represents a in any general appropriation bill, or be reasonable conditions on direct U.S. center of commerce and understands in order as an amendment thereto, for foreign aid to the government of Azer- the IMF. any expenditure not previously author- baijan. (Mrs. LOWEY asked and was given ized by law.’’ Before voting today on this impor- permission to revise and extend her re- Mr. Chairman, the authorization for tant matter, I think it is useful to re- marks.) this program has not been signed into view why this restriction was origi- Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Chairman, I rise in law. The amendment, therefore, vio- nally enacted and to consider carefully strong support of funding for the Inter- lates clause 2(a) of rule XXI. whether Azerbaijan has taken any national Monetary Fund. This is one of I ask for a ruling from the Chair. steps at all over the past six years to the most important issues facing this The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentle- meet the terms set forth in this law. body. The ongoing economic turmoil in woman from California wish to be Finally, we should examine the nega- Asia and Russia is having a very seri- heard on the point of order? tive impact on American interests Ms. PELOSI. Yes, Mr. Chairman, I ous impact on Wall Street and other which will result from its repeal. markets around the world. We must do, and because of the generosity of the provide the IMF with the resources it chairman’s time earlier, in the interest b 1545 needs to respond to the economic inse- of time, I will be brief. First of all, as my colleagues know, curity in Asia and Russia as it pro- Mr. Chairman, I reject the notion section 907 was enacted as a stand by motes badly needed reforms in those that was put forth by our distinguished Congress against Azerbaijan’s illegal economies. chairman that the point of order economic blockades. It represents both The leadership in my judgment is should be insisted upon and agreed to an effective check against renewed Az- playing a very dangerous political because this $18 billion is not author- erbaijani aggression and a principal ex- game by not allowing a vote on this ized. The gentleman from Louisiana pression of American support for peace issue today. The global economic crisis (Mr. LIVINGSTON) the chairman of the in the strategically important Caspian demands immediate leadership, not po- full committee, said on this floor ear- region. litical gamesmanship. lier that the authorization is contained Azerbaijan, however, has steadfastly The IMF’s resources are at a dan- in this bill and, indeed, $3.5 billion for refused to comply with the terms set gerously low level, jeopardizing its the new arrangements to borrow for forth in section 907, maintaining its ability to perform its basic mission and the International Monetary Fund is in- blockades of Armenia and Nagorno respond effectively if the economic cri- cluded in this bill. If the $14.5 billion is Karabagh. As recently as 2 weeks ago, sis deepens or spreads to even more not authorized, then neither is the $3.5 during the first ever visit of America’s markets. billion. So I think there is a real incon- Prime Minister to the Azerbaijani cap- The $18 billion requested for U.S. sistency here and I think that we have ital of Baku, the Azerbaijani Govern- commitments can leverage about $75 to be consistent. It would follow, I ment again refused to lift its block- billion in usable global commitments think, that if the point of order is ades, flatly rejecting Armenia’s offers from the IMF’s 181 members. This de- agreed to, then we must strip the $3.5 of economic cooperation. gree of burdensharing would provide billion for the new arrangements to Yet, despite the fact that Azerbaijan the IMF with sufficient resources to borrow from this legislation. continues to violate section 907, the H7986 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 Azerbaijani Government, through its So, in conclusion, I respectfully ask every country around it blocks its abil- allies in the oil industry and elsewhere, that my colleagues vote for peace, sta- ity to have free trade, it is held hos- continues to press for its repeal. Rath- bility and American interests by vot- tage to these regimes. er than comply with its terms by re- ing for the Radanovich-Pallone-Rogan- Now, let us think about what these specting international laws against Sherman amendment, and I again regimes are. Azerbaijan is a dictator- blockades, Azerbaijan has undertaken thank the gentleman from Illinois. ship. They are a regime that has been an extensive media and lobbying cam- Mr. KENNEDY of Rhode Island. Mr. cited by the Department of State for paign to change U.S. law. Section 907’s Chairman, I move to strike the last human rights’ abuses. And let us un- repeal under this pressure would rep- word. derstand what we are saying if we sup- resent a victory of shortsighted think- Mr. Chairman, I rise today in support port this bill without passing the ing at the expense of our Nation’s long- of the Radanovich-Pallone amendment Radanovich-Pallone amendment. We term interests. to strike the language in this bill that are, in essence, saying that we are On the eve of the upcoming Azer- eliminates Section 907, the sanctions going to stand by a dictatorship, we baijani elections, such a move would be for the blockade that Azerbaijan has are going to stand by a dictatorship in viewed as an American endorsement of placed around the democratic country their effort to put their thumb on the the policies and candidacy of former of Armenia and the area of Nagorno democratically elected regime of Ar- KGB General Geidar Aliyev. Section Karabagh which is the area that has menia. We are going to side with the 907’s repeal would represent both an been subject to so much warfare over dictatorship over a democratically unsound foreign policy decision and an the years. elected government of Armenia. To me, irresponsible misuse of taxpayers’ Let me say, Mr. Chairman, that I had that does not sound like the kind of funds. the opportunity to visit, with the gen- country and principles that we should Please also keep in mind when con- tleman from New Jersey (Mr. support as American citizens. sidering this matter, that the U.S. re- PALLONE), Armenia about 2 months ago That is why I call on my colleagues strictions placed on Azerbaijan do not and I had a chance to see firsthand the to support the Pallone-Radanovich allow for humanitarian aid through devastating impact of this blockade amendment, because that is the NGOs. Since 1992 Azerbaijan has re- that we are talking about repealing, in amendment that is going to strike out ceived over $130 million from the essence, because of the fact that we are the effort to repeal section 907, which United States in humanitarian aid. I not going to allow this country to say calls on sanctioning those countries understand, however, that large unequivocally that we are going to which blockade our democratically- amounts of this aid have been siphoned condemn any country that puts such a elected friends like Armenia. off and ended up in the hands of the po- blockade against a neighboring coun- Let us understand what we are talk- litical elite of Azerbaijan. I can only try like Armenia, forcing it to contend ing about here. Armenia and Nagorno estimate the amount of aid that will be with the ravages of natural disasters, Karabagh are ravaged economically. claimed by corrupt political leaders if as Armenia has over the last decade, They are ravaged economically because we send aid directly to this undemo- forcing it to contend with the fact that of the natural disasters like earth- cratic government. it is interdependent in the Caucasus on quakes, the wars that have gone on in Human Rights Watch has reported in its neighbors, but is yet to be able to that area, and on top of it they have its annual report that the inter- get the kind of trade that is necessary their neighboring countries put this national community largely glossed for that struggling democracy to sur- blockade through. And what is happen- over Azerbaijan’s poor human rights vive because of the intransigence of ing is a tragedy of human dimensions record in order to protect oil interests. countries like Azerbaijan in their in- that none of us should be proud to sup- The State Department, in its human ability to deal with their neighbor of port if we vote against this Radano- rights survey of Azerbaijan, concluded Armenia. vich-Pallone amendment because, in that the Azerbaijani Government’s The fact of the matter is Armenia is essence, that is what we will be doing. human rights record continued to be the closest country to the American We will be continuing to perpetuate an poor and the government continued to values of any single country in the intolerable situation for the Armenians commit serious abuses. The govern- Caucasus. Armenia shares the values of in that area. ment restricts citizens’ ability to the United States like no other coun- Mr. Chairman, my colleagues in this change the government peacefully. The try in the former Soviet Union. Like House need to support our friends and government restricted freedom of no other country. democratically-elected Government of speech, press, assembly, association, And any Member of this House who Armenia. If Azerbaijan wants to end religion and privacy when it deemed it would have an opportunity to go to Ar- this blockade and wants to end the in its interest to do so. menia and meet, as the gentleman sanctions against it, they can just end At this time, the Nagorno Karabagh/ from New Jersey (Mr. PALLONE) and I Azeri peace process is at a pivotal situ- have had an opportunity to do, to meet the blockade; that is what they should ation. The U.S., by reaffirming its op- with President Kocharian, to meet do. They should end the blockade if position to Azerbaijan’s illegal block- with that fantastic new President of they want us to end the sanctions ades, can play a critical role in press- Armenia, to see how dedicated he is to against them because of the blockade. ing upon the Azeris that they should the principles that we hold dear in this Mr. WOLF. Mr. Chairman, I move to come to the table and actively seek a country, they would not have a single strike the requisite number of words. peaceful resolution to the conflict. doubt in their mind why it should be (Mr. WOLF asked and was given per- Rewarding Azerbaijan with American United States policy to continue to mission to revise and extend his re- tax dollars would harm the peace proc- support section 907, which condemns marks.) ess leading to increased instability and Armenia and Turkey for their creating Mr. WOLF. Mr. Chairman, I visited a less secure environment for American this blockade around the democratic Nagorno Karabagh in August of 1994. It investors. Section 907’s repeal would country of Armenia. was one of the grimmest places that I only encourage Azerbaijan’s leadership We know that Armenians in Armenia had ever, ever been. The Russian to keep its blockades in place and to share our values, and the fact is this ground missiles have been thrown in continue refusing direct peace talks United States Congress should stand in there daily for year after year after with Karabagh, both to the detriment solidarity with our friends in Armenia year. Many people were living down in of America’s interests. and say enough is enough for Azer- the basement, people that had lost We should not underestimate the sig- baijan to continue that brutal, brutal arms and legs and everything else. nificance of our actions today. Repeal- blockade on that island locked coun- This is a difficult issue, and I heard ing 907 would fundamentally harm the try. the gentleman from Louisiana (Mr. peace process, dramatically affecting Keep in mind that Armenia is locked LIVINGSTON) in the committee. I the stability of the region, and so un- in the Caspian area in the Caucasus re- agreed. And just let me say to my col- dermine rather than advance U.S. in- gion. It does not have anything but a league, I agree with all of his rationale terests. land route for its trade. And when up until getting away with 907. September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7987 I also want to say that I want the on behalf of justice, on behalf of hu- before I spoke, Armenia is landlocked, western oil companies to have this op- manitarian concerns, on behalf of the isolated, in need of the attention of the portunity. But to remove 907 now principles for which this Nation stands rest of the world for humanitarian rea- would send the wrong message and around the world. sons as well as democracy-building rea- take the pressure off the Azeri Govern- I am deeply saddened by the fact, Mr. sons. ment to come to the peace table. Chairman, that since the termination Mr. Chairman, in contrast to what Now, we can lift the blockade and get of hostilities in 1994, no demonstrable the Azeris have done, Armenia has re- 907 to go away today by doing one progress has been made in the negotia- peatedly offered to allow trans- thing: Let the Azeris lift the blockade, tions regarding the status of Nagorno shipment, repeatedly offered to allow and 907 goes. Karabagh. transshipment of humanitarian assist- The poor people in Nagorno Karabagh The gentleman from Louisiana (Mr. ance to Azerbaijan, only to be repeat- have suffered too much, and the mes- LIVINGSTON) mentioned earlier today in edly rebuffed. sage that this would send would be, I debate that there had been some Mr. Speaker, Azerbaijan has the believe, to keep this issue going on progress. I did not see that story, I am power, as the gentleman from Virginia longer and longer. pleased to hear it, but I do not believe (Mr. WOLF), said, Azerbaijan has the Secondly, the administration has it yet. I hope that the parties will con- power this minute, this very hour, to failed that had a low level person deal- tinue to negotiate to achieve a lasting end the consequences of section 907. All ing with this issue. It goes through the solution which will benefit all the peo- it has to do is end the blockade. That Minsk treaty agreement, and we have ples of the region. In fact, talks are on- is all it has to do, a simple act. Russia, and Russia does not want to going at this time. Mr. Chairman, I urge my colleagues end this. However I do not believe, and I hope to support the Radanovich-Pallone So what should we do? We should call this House does not believe that weak- amendment. the Azeris together, call the Armenians ening or eliminating section 907 will Mrs. MORELLA. Mr. Chairman, I together, and have a representative on further this process. In fact, my col- move to strike the requisite number of Nagorno Karabagh come, bring them to leagues, I am of the opinion it will words. Washington, go over to the Eastern move us in exactly the opposite direc- Mr. Chairman, I rise in strong sup- Shore, sit down, break bread together. tion because it will send the message port of the Radanovich-Pallone amend- Reconciliation. And I tell my col- to the Azeris that they are winning. ment that would restore section 907. leagues this problem can be solved. And why are they winning? On prin- Section 907 was originally included in But I also believe from the bottom of ciple? No. Because of economic con- the Freedom Support Act to deny as- my heart that if we lift 907 today, the cerns and profits. That is why they are sistance to Azerbaijan until it takes, problem will not be resolved. winning. That is where we are. quote, ‘‘demonstrable steps to cease all Now, neither side is perfect. The head b 1600 blockades and other offensive uses of of the Azeri Government is the former Now, I want to see the oil in that re- forces against Armenia and Nagorno head of the KGB. Clearly there are gion benefit all the peoples of that re- Karabagh.’’ Azerbaijan has blockaded problems in Armenia because there are gion, and I am not against the eco- Armenia and Nagorno Karabagh for 9 Russian troops in Armenia. Neither nomic development of Azerbaijan or years. Azerbaijan has made no demon- side is absolutely perfect. But for the Armenia or Nagorno Karabagh, but I strable steps to end the blockade. Ship- people of Nagorno Karabagh to bring in am for proceeding in a principled way. ments of food, fuel, medicine and other a spirit of reconciliation, the Azeris to- Section 907 of the Freedom Support vital supplies have been held up. And gether and the Armenians together Act prohibits direct U.S. aid to Azer- the Azeri policy has fomented Arme- with Nagorno Karabagh there, do not baijan in an effort to pressure Baku to nia’s humanitarian crises in Armenia. lift 907, because by lifting 907 I think lift its blockade of Armenia and Together with Turkey’s blockade, Ar- we will say there is no pressure on the Karabagh. However, section 907 does menia’s efforts to develop markets and Azeris, there is no pressure on any- allow, very importantly and correctly, to strengthen its economy have been body. the delivery of humanitarian and de- damaged. So I strongly support, at least for an- mocracy building assistance through The timing of striking 907 is also a other year, maybe, I say to the gen- nongovernmental organizations, as concern. Azerbaijan is on the verge of tleman from Louisiana (Mr. LIVING- well as activities by the Overseas Pri- presidential elections which are being STON), next year or maybe something vate Investment Council, OPIC, the boycotted by the major opposition par- like that, but hopefully we will support Trade and Development Administra- ties because of Baku’s authoritarian the Radanovich amendment, and then tion, and Eximbank. In fact, the United policies. The government is plagued Secretary Albright will pick up the States has provided, even with 907 in with corruption, human rights viola- phone, get the Azeris in, get the Arme- being, $130 million-plus in humani- tions, and crooked elections. nians in, bring the Nagorno Karabaghs tarian exchange assistance to the peo- Striking 907 will send the wrong mes- together, and I believe that both par- ple of Azerbaijan. sage, and it sends it at the wrong time. ties stand so much to gain, and then The United States is not closing its Maintaining section 907 will have no everything the chairman wants, which eyes to the pain that may exist in effect on humanitarian assistance to I agree with, will take place, whereby Azerbaijan. We are sensitive. This is Azerbaijan or aid for promoting and the oil will flow in the appropriate not against the people, this is against a strengthening Democratic institutions, place. government policy in Baku that under- but it will send a message to Baku that So I, just for this time and for the in- mines the welfare of citizens in Arme- it must move to address the blockade, terests of the pain and the suffering of nia and Nagorno Karabagh. and it will reassert our solidarity with those in Nagorno Karabagh, I strongly The Government of Azerbaijan has democratic Armenia. urge my colleagues to support the enforced a blockade against Armenia Mr. Chairman, I urge passage of this Radanovich amendment. and Nagorno Karabagh for 9 years. The amendment. I urge my colleagues to so Mr. HOYER. Mr. Chairman, I move to blockade has cut off the transport of vote. strike the requisite number of words. food, fuel, medicine and other vital Ms. ESHOO. Mr. Chairman, I move to Mr. Chairman, I join my friend from goods and commodities. strike the requisite number of words. Virginia, the last speaker who has spo- Because of the blockade, Mr. Chair- I rise today in support of the Radano- ken on behalf of the Radanovich- man, Armenia has experienced a hu- vich-Pallone amendment to the foreign Pallone amendment. manitarian crisis during which the operations bill. We should not have done, in my opin- United States sent emergency lifesav- Section 907, as so many of my col- ion, in subcommittee and full commit- ing assistance, as we should have. The leagues have stated already, of the tee what was done. We ought to restore blockade has virtually isolated Arme- Freedom Support Act, places restric- this amendment. We ought to restore nia from the rest of the world. tions on the aid that the United States America’s position on behalf not of Ar- As the gentleman from Massachu- gives to the Government of Azerbaijan menia, not of Nagorno Karabagh, but setts said, and I am sure others have until that country ends its aggression H7988 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 and lifts its illegal blockades against through history. Their lands had been oil. Are they more important than Armenia and Nagorno Karabagh. taken; they had faced the first modern human rights? And the answer would The government of Azerbaijan has genocide. They were oppressed by the be no to that. Are oil leases and situa- blockaded Armenia and Nagorno Soviet Union. And now, as we see the tions like that, are they more impor- Karabagh for 9 years. Day by day, 9 hope for opportunity and democracy, tant than American lives, American years. That is a very, very long time. their neighbor, besides that economic military lives? Cutting off the transport of food, fuel, strangulation, is the solution for their Mr. Chairman, I do not think many medicine and other vital supplies, cre- own internal problems. people in this Chamber understand the ating a humanitarian crisis requiring In the post-Soviet era, we all have to strategic importance of the Caspian the United States to send emergency develop systems for resolving disputes Sea area, whether we are talking about assistance to Armenia. which do not heighten tensions with the Caucasus, whether we are talking Now, for those Members who may not our neighbors but, indeed, those that about central Asia. But the truth of be joining in on this effort, who may be reduce the tensions with our neighbors. the matter is, sometimes I am confused willing to reconsider their positions in The facts are clear here. The Con- because I hear the same people that are prior years, just think of the irony of gress has spoken repeatedly, recogniz- arguing for lifting sanctions on Cuba what it is costing the United States ing history, recognizing the failure of standing here saying now, we cannot taxpayer in this situation. Because of nations of this planet to speak out, repeal section 907. Those two things the blockade that many Members allow when Armenian men, women and chil- just do not go together. But the situa- to keep on the books, we then spend dren face genocide, that we cannot tion is such that that is a very, very even more money to send emergency allow ourselves today to have the Ar- important part of the world, and if we assistance to Armenia. menian Government strangled by a are ever, ever, ever going to become Strictly on a fiscal basis, if one does blockade because we treasure oil more less dependent or nondependent on the not want to deal with this on a human- than human beings. Mideast area for oil, the only way we itarian basis, on the issues relative to The battle lines are fairly clear here. are going to do it is to open up these a democracy, consider that at a time The economic interests of powerful oil oil fields which are only second to the when Armenia is introducing market companies would have us abandon the Mideast in the entire world. It is ter- reforms and integrating its economy people of Armenia once again. I do not ribly, terribly important. with the West, the blockade has vir- know what responsibility we have here Now, what is going on in Armenia? I tually isolated Armenia from the rest as Members of Congress to all of the have to say that some of my closest of the world. world and its causes, but I know as peo- friends are Armenians, one of my clos- Azerbaijan controls the majority of ple who believe in human rights, people est friends is. So it is not a question of the access to Armenia, a country that who believe in history and the respon- sticking up for a special interest group is landlocked. We should not repeal sibility of a great Nation, that this in America, it is a question of doing section 907, because Azerbaijan has Congress dare not turn its back on the what is right. What are the Russians taken no demonstrable steps to lift Armenians once more. doing in Armenia? these illegal blockades. Mr. Chairman, we have to use our b 1615 Direct assistance should not be pro- voices here to make sure that these vided to a government with fundamen- small and evolving democracies have Do my colleagues know that the Rus- tal human rights and corruption flaws. the time to develop real Democratic in- sians, who are no friends of ours, are Mr. Chairman, I think that I am the stitutions, and we had better be care- getting IMF money? It is going in the only member of the entire Congress of ful, putting aside those fundamental front door and out the back door so Armenian descent, of both Azerian and values of America in favor of short- fast into the Mafia’s pocket that we do Armenian descent. The Armenian peo- term economic advantages in the oil not even know what is happening with ple fled and suffered and came to this fields. that money. land, as so many others did, not to Additionally, it would be very simple But the truth is that the Russians take anything from this country, but for us to end this conflict. All they are in Armenia. They have bases there. to contribute, to enlarge on its democ- have to do is stop the embargo, stop They will not even allow our military racy, to contribute to its economic the blockade; take away their provoca- observers to go in and see how they are growth, and to uphold the principles tive actions which have led to their plotting to undermine those new sov- that they found so attractive that they isolation. It is not the Armenians that ereign nations, those people that are so would travel around the world and continue, frankly, the very low level of proud of their new sovereignty, wheth- come to this beacon of light and hope. restrictions on their opposition in this er we are talking about Azerbaijan or Armenia represents and upholds conflict. The Armenians simply are the Kazakhstan or Turkmenistan or any of democratic principles. That is why we victims. those countries, even Georgia, which should join with her and we should sup- And the question for those of us in are having their problems now. port her today. And when we do, we this Chamber today is, will we stand But there is a hell of a fight going on. will harken back to all of the peoples for the victims, or will we stand with Right now, the Russians are trying to that have come from around the world those who attempt to victimize them? throw us out. They are trying to bring to this land, the United States of Will we determine that access to oil down those sovereign nations of Azer- America, and its democracy. That is and oil leases is more important than baijan and Kazakhstan and really what this vote is about. the principles this Nation was founded Turkmenistan. They want to have all How proud I am to join with my col- on? that oil going north to Russia. leagues that are offering this amend- Mr. Chairman, this is the right thing We have got another problem with ment. And, for anyone that even has a to do. Support the Armenians, support the Chinese. The Chinese are to the twinge of rethinking this, please join freedom, and we will build democracy east of there. The Russians are to the us. It is the right place to be, for all of in the former Soviet Union nations. north. The Chinese are doing every- the right reasons. If, on the other hand, we abandon the thing they can in Mongolia to stir Mr. GEJDENSON. Mr. Chairman, I Armenians, we will send a signal that things up so they can grab the influ- move to strike the requisite number of wealth is more important than right- ence and they can have all the oil words. eousness in our actions. going east. (Mr. GEJDENSON asked and was Mr. SOLOMON. Mr. Chairman, I Now who do my colleagues think sits given permission to revise and extend move to strike the requisite number of to the south? Does anybody know? his remarks.) words. Have my colleagues been down there? Mr. GEJDENSON. Mr. Chairman, I Mr. Chairman, I was upstairs in the Have my colleagues been to the Mid- come and join my friends from Califor- Committee on Rules, trying to get our east? Have my colleagues been to Cen- nia to ask my colleagues to join the work out for the rest of the week, and tral Asia? debt of history here. This is a people, began to listen to this debate. The pre- To the south is Iran. Iran is doing ev- the Armenians, who have suffered vious speaker mentioned oil leases and erything they can, in other words, to September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7989 drag everything down there so the in the peace process. It would remove Lifting section 907 is an important pipelines will have to go through it. what little leverage the United States component of the comprehensive U.S. And then the Iranians can continue to has over the government in Baku to strategy for the region and will help fa- control and continue to blackmail the move it along toward an agreeable so- cilitate our involvement in Central world, trying to bring down Israel and lution to this protracted conflict. Asia. For 10 years, we have looked for all of the other countries over there. Mr. Chairman, it seems to me that peace there. The current system is not So this is not just a very, very simple opponents of this amendment have working. It is time that we change. thing. If we were to say to the Russians grossly exaggerated the scope of sec- Section 907 continues to undermine and to the Armenian government, what tion 907. Let us be perfectly clear. Sec- our neutrality in the negotiations be- I have said, tell those Russians to get tion 907 does not, does not prohibit the tween Armenia and Azerbaijan to pro- out, and then let us sit down and let us delivery of humanitarian and democ- mote peace. We need a balanced ap- negotiate, then we could accomplish racy building assistance to Azerbaijan. proach for the Caucasus, and this is something. In fact, the United States has provided why the administration also supports But to simply say, no, we are going over $130 million in assistance to Azer- lifting section 907. The Caucasus could to side with the Armenians, and we are baijan through NGO’s and PVO’s since account for nearly 75 percent of the going to let the Russians continue to 1992. world’s known energy resources, and undermine everything there, that is Section 907 also does not prohibit we stand to benefit greatly from stabil- just absolutely wrong. U.S. export financing assistance to ity in that region. That is why we should repeal 907, and Azerbaijan. OPIC, TDA, the Export-Im- Mr. Chairman, it is in our national then we should have an all-out effort port Bank are free to participate in interest to support repeal of this sec- by our State Department and Members projects in Azerbaijan. Section 907 does tion. I urge my colleagues to reject the of this Congress to go over there, bring not prohibit oil companies from devel- pending amendment and support the these people together, and solve the oping and investing in projects in Azer- fundamental language of the bill. problem. That is the only resolution. baijan. Ms. WOOLSEY. Mr. Chairman, I Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Chairman, I move In fact, during our visit, I dare to move to strike the requisite number of to strike the requisite number of say, the oil companies were alive and words. words. well. At our meetings with the business (Ms. WOOLSEY asked and was given Mr. Chairman, I rise in strong sup- community in Azerbaijan, I do not permission to revise and extend her re- port of the Radanovich amendment to think there was one oil company that I marks.) strike the repeal of section 907 from ever heard of that was not there. So Ms. WOOLSEY. Mr. Chairman, I rise the bill. this is not prohibiting any action from in strong support of this amendment During committee consideration of the oil companies to operate in that re- because two wrongs do not make a this bill, a provision was added to re- gion. right. In fact, our actions today regard- Section 907 does give the United peal section 907 of the Freedom Sup- ing section 907 will be a message to States leverage over a government that port Act, which prohibits direct eco- Russia and other countries regarding has not shown respect for human rights nomic assistance to the government of U.S. foreign policy and what we mean and the principles of democracy. Main- Azerbaijan until that country ends its and that we do what we say and what tenance of section 907 will give the blockade of Armenia and Nagorno- United States stronger footing in its we mean. Karabagh. This amendment was mis- Mr. Chairman, I am outraged that attempts to bring the Azerbaijani gov- guided and, in my judgment, it should Azerbaijan continues to block distribu- ernment to the table and direct peace be overturned. talks over Nagorno-Karabagh. tion of much-needed American aid and For almost a decade, Azerbaijan has Mr. Chairman, this, in my judgment, assistance to the Republic of Armenia, imposed a cruel and illegal blockade of is a good amendment that deserves our and to the break-away Republic of Armenia and Nagorno-Karabagh. This support. I urge my colleagues to sup- Nagorno-Karabakh. blockade has cut off the people of Ar- port peace in the Caucasus by voting Meanwhile, thousands of Armenians menia and Nagorno-Karabagh from ‘‘yes’’ on the amendment. are still without adequate housing as a food, fuel, medicine, and other vital Mr. PACKARD. Mr. Chairman, I result of the 1998 earthquake. This is goods and commodities. It has stopped move to strike the requisite number of unacceptable. Not only is this blockade United Nations humanitarian assist- words. clearly immoral, it is illegal, according ance to the people of Nagorno- Mr. Chairman, I will not take 5 min- to U.S. law. Karabagh and has created a humani- utes. I reluctantly resist and oppose The time has come that we stop mak- tarian crisis in the region. the amendment of my dear friend and ing excuses for Azerbaijan. The time I had the opportunity with my col- colleague, the gentleman from Califor- has come to quit playing politics with leagues on our subcommittee, includ- nia (Mr. RADANOVICH). But I am con- humanitarian aid destined for Arme- ing the gentleman from Michigan (Mr. vinced that, if we allow the section 907 nia. Human rights must be protected. KNOLLENBERG) and others to visit to continue, that it will prevent us No one has the right to flaunt the Hu- Nagorno-Karabagh, to visit Armenia, from working toward a peaceful solu- manitarian Aid Corridor Act, no one, to visit Azerbaijan. It was very clear tion in Central Asia. period. when we visited Nagorno-Karabagh to I want to commend the gentleman There should be no business as usual see the suffering. The life of these peo- from Louisiana (Chairman LIVINGSTON) with Azerbaijan until their illegal, life- ple made us come back even more com- on his leadership on this issue. There is threatening blockade is lifted. mitted in trying to bring the parties few people that have understood this I urge my colleagues, vote yes on the together to work out a settlement. We issue better than he, and I support his Pallone-Radanovich amendment. This feel that lifting this blockade does not efforts to facilitate the peace and sta- is a vote for the people of Armenia. work towards that end. bility that we are seeking between Ar- This is a vote for peace. This is a vote Currently, the process to bring a menia and Azerbaijan. for solidarity. lasting peace to the Caucasus is at a Section 907 is an outdated provision Mr. KENNEDY of Massachusetts. Mr. very critical stage. The United States, which hamstrings our foreign policy Chairman, will the gentlewoman yield? as one of the cochairs of the Minsk options in the Caucasus. Ms. WOOLSEY. I yield to the gen- Group, has been trying to bring the Azerbaijan remains the only former tleman from Massachusetts. parties to the table for direct talks. Soviet Republic barred from receiving Mr. KENNEDY of Massachusetts. Mr. Now, in my judgment, is not the time broad-based U.S. assistance based upon Chairman, I thank the gentlewoman to change the United States policy in conditions that no longer apply. Re- from California (Ms. WOOLSEY) for the Caucasus toward any one of the pealing section 907 sends a signal that yielding. parties. will encourage investment and com- Mr. Chairman, I rise today in strong Repealing section 907 at this critical petence in Azerbaijan and thus will support of this amendment. I think it juncture would only encourage the Az- contribute to the stability of this stra- is very, very important that we recog- erbaijani government to dig in its heels tegical and vital region. nize that if we want peace in this H7990 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 world, we have to have justice. If we However, we cannot repeal section which is to continue essentially an em- want justice, we cannot stand idly by 907 until the conditions for its lifting bargo that, in fact, is hurting Arme- while one country simply says, we are are met. Unfortunately, Azerbaijan nians as well as Azeris and that is not not going to provide any humanitarian continues its crippling blockade of its consistent with the way we have re- aid, no matter where it comes from, to neighbors. In addition, the negotia- solved past conflicts. another country that it happens to tions over the resolution of the Mr. Chairman, I very much respect have a conflict with. Nagorno-Karabakh conflict remain un- the people who want to lift 907, but I I appreciate the fact that this is an certain. also respect not only the insight but enormously complicated and difficult Given these facts, these cir- the compassion of those who feel that political issue involving Armenian and cumstances, now is not the time to re- this is not the time. I am just saying Nagorno-Karabakh and Azerbaijan but ward the government of Azerbaijan. for the record that if this comes up for Azerbaijan to be able to stand by Hopefully, that time will come. again, I do not think it is the respon- and say that no amount of human aid I urge my colleagues to oppose this sible decision for the Congress to sim- is going to get through Armenia, when amendment. ply stick with the same old response to I have visited Armenia and I have seen Mr. MORAN of Virginia. Mr. Chair- a problem that continues to fester and children going cold in the wintertime, I man, I move to strike the requisite is not getting any better, without ini- have seen elderly people in hospital number of words. tiative on the part of this Congress and rooms where the temperature in the Mr. Chairman, I am going to support those who understand the situation and hospital room was below freezing, and this amendment, but I hope that it is who believe that peace and prosperity that is the kind of situation that oc- the last time that I or any of us have is possible and will only occur if we are curred because of the fact that we have to do this. This provision has been the willing to take the necessary political interests that would just as soon see us Congress’ response to a difficult com- and diplomatic risks for that peace and repeal section 907. plex issue year after year, and yet we prosperity to overcome the age-old ani- What I say is if we want to see peace, see no real progress. mosities that have precluded it in the if we want to see these issues solved past. over a period of time, then we cannot b 1630 Mr. ROHRABACHER. Mr. Chairman, do it with just economics in mind. We We cannot only blame Azerbaijan. I move to strike the requisite number have to do it with justice in mind. If we Armenia has to accept some of the of words. want justice, repeal the attempt to get blame for insufficient progress as well. (Mr. ROHRABACHER asked and was rid of section 907; stand up to the Ar- One of the realities that we have to given permission to revise and extend menian people; stand up for peace and understand is that Azerbaijan is going his remarks.) stand up for poor people around the to be one of the wealthiest countries in Mr. ROHRABACHER. Mr. Chairman, world who are hurt far too often be- the world. It is not landlocked, as Ar- I would like to commend the gen- cause economics comes before politics. menia. It is not nearly as economically tleman from Virginia (Mr. MORAN), my Mr. KNOLLENBERG. Mr. Chairman, and militarily vulnerable as Armenia. colleague, for those words. I have I move to strike the requisite number In fact, it is going to be a major role reached a different conclusion, but of words. player in the Caucasus in that part of many of the things that the gentleman (Mr. KNOLLENBERG asked and was the world. stated in his talk were right on target. given permission to revise and extend So it behooves us in the future to, in I rise in support of the repeal of 907, his remarks.) fact, be an ally of Azerbaijan. The re- which means I must oppose this Mr. KNOLLENBERG. Mr. Chairman, ality is that we cannot under these amendment of my dear friend, the gen- I respectfully rise to support the current circumstances. But if we want tleman from California (Mr. RADANO- amendment by my colleague from Cali- peace in the Caucasus and protection of VICH). Let us note this, that this war, fornia. As we all know too well, the as the gentleman from Virginia has Armenia’s sovereign borders and pros- countries of the Caucasus have been suggested, is going on and on and on. perity for the Armenian people, then crippled by violence and conflict since Mr. Chairman, I have visited Arme- we need to establish economic trade the collapse of the Soviet Union. If one nia and I have visited Azerbaijan. I between Armenia and its neighbors on were to Nagorno-Karabakh or to Arme- have come to the conclusion, the hon- all sides. The situation today is unten- nia or Azerbaijan, and many in this est conclusion, that the reason the war able. In fact, there are people suffering body have, one would know something continues is because there is a per- in Armenia. There are people suffering about the geography. That, in turn, ceived tilt in American policy towards in Yerevan, there are people suffering gives some glimpse of what the conflict Armenia in that part of the world and in Nagorno-Karabakh. But we must be is all about. the Armenians thus are totally inflexi- For Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh, part of the solution, not part of the ble when it comes to negotiations with this reality is worsened by Azerbaijan’s problem. And part of the problem is the Azerbaijanis, the Azerbaijanis who devastating blockade of its neighbor. It that we have not moved forward. We are desperate to make some kind of an is especially painful to see a country have not been able to take sufficient agreement. with the potential of Armenia recede initiatives. We have not been able to But the Armenians, because it is per- into an economic stone-age at the bring together the people in a suffi- ceived that the United States will do hands of its neighbors. ciently constructive attitude. anything for them because of political This is why, in the first place, we I understand the frustration of the pressure because, and let us face it, adopted section 907 of the Freedom people in the State Department. They there are many Armenians that live in Support Act with overwhelming bipar- really feel that this amendment is the United States, there are many Ar- tisan support. It prohibits the delivery counterproductive, that we have got to menians that live in California, many of U.S. Government economic or mili- be able to assure the Azeris that there of them are supporters of mine, they tary assistance to the government of is a level playing field, that we are not are fine people. But American foreign Azerbaijan, unless it takes demon- playing favorites because of domestic policy cannot be based on that political strable steps to cease its blockade. politics. There is reason for them to be- consideration. We should consider the They have not. They have not taken lieve that and to make that charge. cause of peace, the cause of freedom, any steps. But it is also true that they eventually and we have to consider also the na- Section 907 sets reasonable condi- will be holding the upper hand. tional security interests of the United tions on the use of U.S. foreign aid. We They do have it in their means to States of America. struggled in last year’s bill to ensure find a way to relieve much of the eco- In this particular case, our unwilling- that it could not prevent vital humani- nomic suffering that the Armenians ness to try to be evenhanded in our ap- tarian and democracy building assist- are encountering. They do have it in proach in that area because of our fear ance or export finance assistance to their means to move the Minsk peace of political repercussions from the Ar- U.S. business. That took a tremendous process forward. I would hope that this menian community has prevented a amount of struggling, but it did come is the last year that this is the only ap- peace agreement from being reached. to completion. proach that this Congress can take, Thus, both sides are suffering. September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7991 Yes, as we hear about the suffering of Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I The people of this country elected the Armenian people in Nagorno- move to strike the requisite number of President Clinton. He, in turn, has ap- Karabakh, that is exactly correct. words. pointed Secretary Albright as Sec- Those people are suffering. And equally Mr. Chairman, I rise in opposition to retary of State. Secretary Albright suffering are the Azeris. Almost a mil- removing Section 907 from our bill. Let called me and said this is one of the lion Azeris, 15 percent of the popu- me just bring this debate down to a most important things that this Con- lation, are now displaced and refugees. more reasonable level that at least I gress can do for this administration to They are suffering as well. understand. I am sure it is very confus- have an effective foreign policy. What is preventing the peace from ing to any television audience that Now we have all of these Members of coming about? What is preventing the might be listening to this debate or Congress who may have been to Azer- peace from coming about is the Arme- any Members of Congress who might be baijan, like me only once, who now nians really believe that they can hold back in their office. have become pseudo-Secretaries of out because America is going to be on First of all, we are not talking about State. They are trying to impose their their side and we are not going to force money. We are not talking about giv- will against the direction of the profes- them to make any kind of compromise ing money to Azerbaijan. We met with sionals we have hired. and they are going to get the whole President Aliyev when we were in Azer- The administration is pushing for ball of wax. baijan. I took our subcommittee there this. It is not the gentleman from Lou- We should be instead trying to be specifically for this reason, to see if in- isiana (Mr. LIVINGSTON) nor I. We rec- evenhanded, trying to reach a com- deed this country was sincere in its in- ognize how important it is. Azerbaijan promise. Now, in both instances when I dications that they want to move to- has another alternative with respect to went to Armenia and Azerbaijan and wards a democracy. Mr. Aliyev did not that oil. They can send it through talked to the leaders of both of these ask us for money, nor is he asking us China. That would probably be the countries, again I find the Azeris anx- for money in this bill, nor do we give easiest route to go. But if we deny our ious to try to discuss and find some so- him any except for refugees. We give American businesspeople, and we talk lution. And I find the Armenians un- money to Armenia. We give more about oil companies, the right to par- willing to give up an inch. One inch. money to Armenia per capita than any ticipate, not with giving them money There is an easy answer to this and it other nation in the entire world, other but with giving them OPIC assistance is very recognizable on the map. There than Israel. We are not talking about and Eximbank assistance, then we do is an Armenian enclave in Azerbaijan. what kind of assistance we are giving not stand a chance to compete with the We know about that. Nagorno- to these countries. We are talking French and the German and the British Karabakh. But also there is an Azeri about a slowly emerging democracy. enclave in Armenia. The Azerbaijanis Mr. Chairman, when we met with and the Japanese and the Chinese who are open to talking about some kind of President Aliyev, we talked about what are all there trying to keep this section a land swap where they would swap the he wanted. And I will admit, it was dif- 907 in place because it is disadvanta- entire Nagorno-Karabakh region which ficult for me to believe, sitting there geous to American oil companies. used to be part of their territory, talking to one of the top leaders of the So let us not talk about money. This which is major Armenian and should be former Soviet Union telling us sin- has nothing to do with money to Azer- part of Armenia, they would swap that cerely that he wanted to democratize, baijan. It has to do with a policy that and give their legitimacy for that in he wanted to move his country up. the foreign policy professionals of that exchange for a corridor to that enclave They are blessed with the resource of this country have hired to have foreign of Azeri population in Armenia. oil that a lot of emerging countries do policy ability, and this is one of the top Mr. Chairman, that deal that is so not have. They want to send this oil to priorities that Madeleine Albright has obvious to those of us on the outside is the West rather than through China. requested and that is that we remove not being seriously considered because So we are not talking about money. 907. the Armenians believe the United We are talking about his plea to let This committee has taken a good States is on their side, Russia is on the United States people help him with look at it. I think we probably looked their side, all the big boys are on their his educational process. Mr. Chairman, at this area of the world more than any side, so they do not really have to give with 907, it cannot be done. We are other area of the world. We have been up a thing. That attitude is what has talking about assistance and help and there. We have seen the needs. Some on prevented peace. care for the people, the sick people of the committee still disagree. But to If we really love Armenia and love Azerbaijan. With Section 907, it cannot those who have never been there, to people and are trying to help end suf- be done. We are talking about lifting those who have not had the oppor- fering, and we love Azeris and Arme- that. We are not talking about giving tunity to discuss this intelligently nians on an equal level, because that is them money. We are not talking about with the Secretary of State, I remind what we are supposed to be, even- anything that has to do with foreign them that they are not Secretaries of handed in trying to bring about peace assistance monetarily. State; they are Members of the House. and freedom in this world, then we will We are talking about a confused re- They have a responsibility to the ad- have the courage to tell our Armenian gion of this world that has been war- ministration to give them the latitude friends back home that we are going to ring for centuries. We are talking they need to have an effective foreign have to reach a compromise here and about a country that has had dif- policy. ferences with Azerbaijan and has a tre- they are not going to get every single b 1645 thing that they want; that there is mendous advantage in any peace set- going to have to be a compromise to tlement as long as this thing is in (Mr. MENENDEZ asked and was reach peace. place. Let us not talk about whether or given permission to revise and extend If there is that kind of compromise, not this is going to permit the United his remarks.) both sides will be better. Let us have States to dump millions of dollars into Mr. MENENDEZ. Mr. Chairman, I the courage to call it as it is here. Let Azerbaijan, because it is not. move to strike the requisite number of us meet our responsibility as the I know a lot of these people that have words. world’s leading power and at the very spoken today are very compassionate. Mr. Chairman, as a member of the least not be forced into positions by Many of them have been to Azerbaijan. House Committee on International Re- strong minority groups within our own Many of them may even be able to lations, I rise in strong support of this country to take positions that are con- point it out on the globe. Some of amendment. I object to the bill’s strik- trary to the interest of world peace, them, probably, cannot. But let me tell ing of section 907 of the Freedom Sup- contrary to freedom, and contrary to my colleagues, the Constitution of the port Act both on the substance and the our own long-term national security United States of America says that the procedure. interests. administrative branch of government I do not think that many of us con- So, I rise in strong support of the re- will determine foreign policy, the Con- sider ourselves, with all due respect, to peal of 907 and thus oppose this amend- gress of the United States shall be the be secretaries of State, and I have ment. check and balance. heard many colleagues on both sides of H7992 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 the aisle suggest that they do not have should be on Azerbaijan, the aggressor, hands of the Armenians because the the full abdication to the administra- the aggressor, not the victim. Azeris, some 700,000 of them, are living tion of what the United States role is When we assist the aggressor, we in refugee camps in Azerbaijan. I would in the world or a blank checkbook for send the wrong message throughout like to reduce it, as the gentleman that regard. the world. When we assist those who from Alabama (Mr. CALLAHAN) did, to For 9 years, 9 years the government are undemocratic, we send the wrong understandable terms so that my fel- of Azerbaijan has blockaded, not em- message throughout the world. When low Americans can understand this bargoed, but blockaded, meaning using we assist those who are trying to stran- issue. force to blockade Armenia and gulate a people, we send the wrong If I had two neighbors down the block Nagorno-Karabagh cutting off the mesage throughout the world. When we from my neighborhood involved in an transport of food, fuel, medicine and look the other way, when we lend a ongoing battle and I was worried that other vital supplies, creating a human- blind eye to what is happening in these that battle was going to escalate, in- itarian crisis requiring the United parts of the world, simply based on eco- flame my neighborhood, could possibly States to send emergency life saving nomic interests, we go down a road result in tremendous death and hard- assistance to Armenia. which we have already had in our his- ship to my neighbors, I would do some- By contrast, section 907 does not pre- tory, and we need not repeat that chap- thing. In order to break up that battle, vent the delivery of humanitarian aid ter again in our history. I walked over to one of them and I to the people of Azerbaijan. As a mat- That, Mr. Chairman, is really in my started beating him with a stick, and ter of fact, to date more than $130 mil- mind the guiding principles we should for 6 years I beat him on the head with lion in United States humanitarian and be looking at as we determine how we a stick. For the other neighbor to come exchange assistance has been provided vote on this amendment. to me and say, we are almost going to to Azerbaijan but through nongovern- I urge my colleagues to support the solve this problem but just do not stop mental organizations. Radanovich-Pallone amendment. beating that guy over the head with a Azerbaijan has failed to live up to the (Mr. LIVINGSTON asked and was stick or else we will never solve the basic conditions set forth in U.S. law given permission to revise and extend problem, that is effectively what we pursuant to section 907. What does that his remarks.) have done with Azerbaijan and Arme- say? Quote, taking demonstrable, de- Mr. LIVINGSTON. Mr. Chairman, I nia. monstrable steps to cease all blockades move to strike the requisite number of Certainly, we have friends who are and other offensive uses of force words, and I rise in strong opposition Armenian Americans. I remember the against Armenia and Nagorno- to the amendment. gentlewoman from California (Ms. Karabagh. Mr. Chairman, I categorically reject ESHOO) who addressed us. She takes For this reason, we should not lift re- the arguments made by the preceding pride in her heritage, and well she strictions on aid to Azerbaijan. speaker as being both foolish and mis- should. Armenian Americans have Second, I object to the provision of guided. come to this country and worked hard the underlying bill on procedural Nobody has come before this House and prospered and done well. I guess we grounds. As a member of the Commit- to argue that oil is more important do not have very many Azeri Ameri- tee on International Relations, the than human beings. There is nobody in cans. So they have not come here, they committee which has the authorizing this House who is arguing that any one have not prospered, they have not done jurisdiction for the Freedom Support group of Americans should be less well, and they do not have much access Act, I am clearly concerned that we set entitlted to come before this House and to Congress. the process and the pattern, that the argue their case than any other group For one reason or another, in the Committee on Appropriations usurped of Americans. middle of a war, we go over there and the jurisdiction of our committee, and The whole point of bringing this au- start beating the Azeris with a stick. It that the Committee on Rules extended thorized repeal to the floor within this is called section 907. And it says, we protection to the provision despite its proper piece of legislation is to remove cannot transfer aid. We cannot deal violation of House rules on authorizing a foolish, ill-conceived provision that with the Azer-baijan Government. But in appropriation bills. takes sides in a battle between two we have given plenty of aid to the Ar- Section 907 remains an essential ele- countries in another part of the world menians, as the gentleman from Ala- ment of U.S. foreign policy towards the is because we do not have an Arme- bama (Mr. CALLAHAN) has already Caucasus as well as an expression of nian-American interest any more than pointed out. They are one of greatest Congress’ objection to Azerbaijan’s il- we have an Armenian-Azeri interest. recipients of aid that we have in the legitimate blockade of the Armenian We promote the interest of the world. people. United States of America in world pol- What we are doing here today is not I want to address one or two other icy. And it is our obligation, as rep- proposing that we cease our friendship things I have heard in debate. To sug- resentatives of the people of the United with Armenia. It is just that we lessen gest that American citizens of this States, be they Armenian or Azeri or of our Congressional hostility toward the country who identify with a certain na- any other ethnic background, it is our Azeris. It is an important part of the tional entity of another country, who interest to see to it that they are world. To suggest that it is due to oil may have been born here in the United equally and properly represented in the is shortsighted and simply disingen- States but whose roots in fact come national interest of this country. To uous. from some other ethnic background, suggest otherwise is incredibly wrong. Is there oil in that part of the world? that those citizens have less of a right I have heard some interesting argu- Yes. Is that important? Yes. Why is it to petition their government for what ments here today on this issue, some of important? Because if we can develop they believe the United States policy them based in sincerity, some of them that oil in that part of the world, some should be any place in the world and based in fact, and some of them based 3⁄4 of the world’s oil reserves, we might that U.S. companies, however, with in total misinformation. make the Middle East less important. multinational interests have a greater Mr. Chairman, section 907 is a provi- Mr. CHAIRMAN. The time of the gen- right than United States citizens to pe- sion that we passed in 1992 after the tleman from Louisiana (Mr. LIVING- tition their government in my mind is Azeris and the Armenians were en- STON) has expired. outrageous. gaged for some years, in a tragic war Mr. LIVINGSTON. Mr. Chairman, I We should take risks for peace but with major loss of life on both sides. ask unanimous consent to proceed for 3 those should be on the side of making There were ultimately no winners be- additional minutes. sure that Azerbaijan ceases to be the cause both sides lost lives and suffered The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection aggressor. Oil and oil interests them- great casualties. Azerbaijan lost terri- to the request of the gentleman from selves cannot be the guiding star of tory. Nagorno-Karabagh, which was an Louisiana? United States foreign policy, particu- Azeri piece of property, is now vir- Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Chairman, I ob- larly at a time of an oil glut. We can tually totally controlled by Armenians ject. get our pipeline, but the pressure and there was ethnic cleansing at the The CHAIRMAN. Objection is heard. September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7993 Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I move Mr. MENENDEZ. Mr. Chairman, I am the foreign operations bill that elimi- to strike the requisite number of sorry the distinguished chairman of nates 907 of the Freedom Support Act words, and I yield to the gentleman the Committee on Appropriations took and in opposition of efforts to strike from Louisiana (Mr. LIVINGSTON). such umbrage. I was referring to re- this provision of the bill. Mr. LIVINGSTON. Mr. Chairman, I marks made by previous speakers. I am I do not think section 907 should have thank the gentlewoman for yielding to glad to hear that the chairman says ever been in the law itself. I think it is me. that no person in this country whose regrettable that it was. I think the Mr. Chairman, the oil is important. ethnic heritage is such that they United States has to do everything it One should never think, though, that should be diminished versus a U.S. can to bring peace among all parties, the oil is the cause for this change in company, but one of his previous and we know that is a troubled area in policy, other than to deemphasize the speakers from his side of the aisle sug- the world. critical impact on the Middle East. We gested that. So I hope that he takes his The gentleman from Missouri (Mr. have for years, virtually since 1947 but umbrage to his colleague and suggests IKE SKELTON), the ranking Democrat certainly more recently, since my 20 to him that that type of suggestion is on the Committee on National Secu- rity, says this: years in Congress, we have been em- inappropriate for the Chamber and in- broiled in disputes between Israel and appropriate insofar as that we do not Security matters remain a major issue in the region. The United States’ ability to pro- her neighbors. One of the key ingredi- want to make citizens in this country, ents for the strength of some of her mote peace and economic reforms in the re- because they come from a certain lin- gion are significantly hamstrung by section neighbors is because of their possession eage, second-class citizens. I agree with 907. The United States must be perceived by of oil. They use it as clout. him. both Azerbaijan and Armenia as a truly neu- In the 1970’s, 1980’s, the fact is we had On the question of oil, my simple tral peace broker in its negotiations and ap- an oil embargo because they used it to suggestion is, there clearly has been proach to end conflict in the region. Section strangle not only the Middle East but 907 damages U.S. national interest by under- various mentions of the question of the the entire world. By opening up the mining the administration’s neutrality and access to oil and the concern from it. spigots in the Caspian region, both in promoting a settlement in that part of the That is a legitimate issue and interest the Caucasus and in Central Asia, we world, an ability to encourage economic em- of the United States, but the question broiled legal reforms in Azerbaijan, and ef- will deemphasize the importance of is, does it rise to the national interest, forts to advance an east-west energy trans- Middle East oil, and the stranglehold the national security interest, and is port corridor. that those Middle Eastern oil terri- this our beacon of light for U.S. foreign We all know, and even those on the tories have over Israel and the entire policy? I think that those are legiti- other side know, that one of these days world. 907 is going to be eliminated. And why Repeal of section 907 is the national mate issues to raise. I thank the distinguished gentle- not now? Why do we want to wait an- interest of the United States. That is other year, like some suggest? I think not me speaking alone. That is Sec- woman from California for yielding to me. this is the opportunity we have this retary of State Madeleine Albright, year to eliminate it. last time I checked still a Democrat, Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I do want to make a couple of points, fol- Mr. REYES. Mr. Chairman, will the who says, section 907 creates the im- gentleman yield? pression that the U.S. approach to the lowing up on what I have heard in the recent debate here. Mr. CLEMENT. Mr. Chairman, I yield Nagorno-Karabagh conflict is not bal- to the gentleman from Texas. anced. b 1700 Mr. REYES. Mr. Chairman, I thank It is critical that the U.S. be per- Mr. Chairman, I rise in opposition to the gentleman from Tennessee for ceived by both Azerbaijan and Armenia the position of the gentleman from yielding to me, and I rise in opposition as a fair and honest broker in its bilat- Louisiana (Mr. LIVINGSTON) and in sup- to this amendment and in support of eral relations with each country and port of the amendment on the floor to the elimination of section 907 of the multilateral relations through the restore the 907 provision to this bill. Freedom Support Act in the foreign op- OSCE Minsk Group, of which we are a But I do agree with the chairman on erations appropriations bill. co-chair. We believe, this is from Sec- a few points. One is that this region, I feel, Mr. Chairman, that we can no retary Madeleine Albright, that section longer pursue a failed policy of prohib- the Armenia-Azerbaijan region, is a 907 encourages other parties to cal- iting U.S. assistance to the govern- very important region of the world and culate that the United States will con- ment of Azerbaijan. The conflict be- policies there have serious ramifica- tinue to press only Azerbaijan and that tween Azerbaijan and Armenia is dif- tions. they can accordingly maintain an in- ficult and complex, as we have heard I agree that we must be, in making transigent posture towards the Minsk this afternoon. However, retaining sec- our policy decisions, acting in the in- Group process. tion 907 does not assist in the resolu- terest of the United States of America. Madeleine Albright, our Secretary of tion of their dispute. Moreover, it does State, the President of the United And I believe that the makers of this not serve our national interest and our States, the entire Democratic adminis- motion are doing just that. foreign policy initiatives. tration and our Committee agree that I understand that the chairman was Section 907 limits our ability to be a section 907 should be repealed. We are dismayed when there was question of neutral broker in the process of medi- also working with American Jewish the motivation for the action taken in ating the ongoing conflict. With sec- Congress, the American Jewish Com- full committee, where 907 was repealed, tion 907, we restrict our flexibility in mittee, the Anti Defamation League, and the motivation was attributed to dealing with a nation that is moving the B’nai B’rith, the National Con- the interest of the oil companies. I do towards a market economy but, in the ference on Soviet Jewry. Why? Because not like questioning the motivation of meantime, is greatly underdeveloped. they understand that it is in Israel’s our colleagues, and I understand the Last January I had the opportunity interest that this thing be repealed. chairman’s dismay. But I take issue to visit Azerbaijan, and I can tell my The gentleman’s suggestions are out- also in the chairman’s attributing mo- colleagues that we can influence great rageous. And when he says that this is tivation to those of us responding to change with the lifting of section 907. just oil related and that it has nothing the Armenian Americans in our coun- The nation is greatly underdeveloped, whatsoever to do with U.S. national try. with weak institutions and basically a policy, I reject his position. I will have to get time later to con- closed society. By lifting section 907, I urge the repeal of section 907 and tinue my point, but I support the we could provide technical and eco- the defeat of the amendment by the amendment on the floor. nomic assistance, which would provide gentleman from Illinois (Mr. PORTER) Mr. CLEMENT. Mr. Chairman, I reforms that would create a more open and the gentleman from California (Mr. move to strike the requisite number of society and increase stability and pro- RADANOVICH). words. mote regional cooperation. Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I yield Mr. Chairman, as a member of the While our foreign assistance to Ar- to gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Committee on International Relations, menia should remain in place, it is ap- MENENDEZ). I rise in strong support of language in propriate that at this time we move to H7994 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 repeal section 907. For these reasons, ment acts responsibly. And, as again a say that the butchers in Baku should Mr. Chairman, I ask that we defeat this number of speakers have indicated, not get a single dollar of American tax amendment and restore section 907. they have it within their power by the money, at least while they blockade Mr. VISCLOSKY. Mr. Chairman, I close of business today to end the Armenia. move to strike the requisite number of blockade and to then have that relief We are told that Armenia should be words, and I rise in strong support of money flow through their hands. blamed for the refugees that exist in the Radanovich-Pallone amendment to Over $130 million has been provided Azerbaijan, and our hearts go out to preserve the humanitarian aid cor- for Azerbaijan refugees over this period those refugees. But why are they refu- ridor. of time. And it is important for all of gees? Because of the policy of the dic- I think I would want to begin my re- us to note that in 1995 the Armenian tatorial government in Baku. marks by agreeing with one of the as- government indicated that they would We are told that where two countries sertions made by the full committee allow relief supplies to flow through are battling that we should be even- chairman, the gentleman from Louisi- Armenia for the relief of Azerbaijan, in handed. I have been very interested in ana (Mr. LIVINGSTON), in indicating the a remote area of that country, and the the Middle East, and now and then we bipartisan nature of this debate, the Azeri government refused to allow are told to be evenhanded between importance of the debate, and the fact those goods and supplies to flow Israel and her enemies. We should not that all of us have the same goal in through Armenia. And I certainly ques- be evenhanded between the blockaded mind, and that is energy security, from tion the government’s, not the peo- and the blockader. We should not be an economic and national security per- ple’s, intentions in this matter. evenhanded between the perpetrator spective, as well as the issue of peace. The issue is, and someone has used and the victim. We should not be even- The debate that is taking place today the illusion that we are beating up one handed between Azerbaijan and Arme- is a debate about the difference of opin- of these parties; that we are hitting nia. ion as to how to achieve both those them with a stick; that we are being We should remember, as the gen- goals. unfair. We have a cease-fire in place. tleman from Indiana pointed out, that We have a situation in the Caucasus People are not being killed. As has also the government in Azerbaijan, that today that is not perfect; that if all of been indicated, people have talked to some would say we should send money us collectively could affect, we would each other. And I think at this particu- to, is the government that butchered want to make perfect. We have a static lar moment, if we would now lift the people on the streets of Baku just a few situation that we want to move in the restriction, without the lifting of the years ago. right direction, and that, again, is the blockade, what we are saying to the We are told that American policy question of the debate: What is the Azeri government is it is okay to tilts toward Armenia because of the ac- right direction. blockade other countries; it is okay to tivities of Armenian Americans. I I do want to make sure we put the de- provide for the restriction of com- would point out that American oil bate in the proper perspective and to merce, medical supplies and humani- companies are at least as influential as reflect on events of just an 11-day pe- tarian aid; it is okay, pursuant to Ms. Armenian Americans. The reason why riod of time 83 years ago, when on Albright’s letter to this institution, to our policy tilts toward Armenia is be- April 8th, tens of thousands of Arme- try to extort money from our govern- cause Armenia is right and because nian men were rounded up and shot. ment. their position reflects American val- Hundreds of thousands of women, men The chairman of the committee al- ues. and children were deported southward luded earlier to the letter that Mad- We are told that many in this House across the mountains to Silesia and eleine Albright, Secretary of State, do not understand the oil, do not un- Syria. On April 15th, the Armenians sent to this institution. I find another derstand the strategic importance, the appealed to the German ambassador in passage very revealing. economic importance of the Newly Constantinople for formal German pro- Mr. Chairman, I simply would ask Independent States and of Central tection. The request was rejected on my colleagues to vote in favor of the Asia. I would say that that expertise the grounds that it would be offensive Pallone-Radanovich amendment. resides in the Committee on Inter- to the Turkish government. By April Mr. SHERMAN. Mr. Chairman, I national Relations. But this authoriz- 19th, 11 days later, 50,000 Armenians move to strike the requisite number of ing provision never went to the Com- had been murdered. words. mittee on International Relations, and Much has been said today during the Mr. Chairman, I had prepared re- there is no better reason to adopt this debate about the war that is taking marks, but I would like to use much of amendment than to say that this issue place today. In 1989, the government, my time to respond to particular state- should come from the committee of ju- not the people, the government of ments that have been made by oppo- risdiction. Azerbaijan began to kill Armenians be- nents to the amendment. We are told that there are too many cause they were Armenians. A war The first is that it is the President, unilateral sanctions. Section 907 im- took place because the Armenian gov- charged under the Constitution, with poses no sanctions. Azerbaijan enjoys ernment then began to defend itself making United States foreign policy. Most Favored Nation status with the and its people. This is indeed a misnomer, a statement United States. Those who care about This Congress, President Bush, then found in many eighth grade civics fiscal conservatism should not embrace signed into law the Humanitarian Aid books but never found in any Supreme the language, the terminology, that Corridor in 1992. And progress was Court opinion or found in the Constitu- says that it is sanctions against a made 2 years later because there was a tion itself. country for us not to give them U.S. cease-fire put in place that, as I under- I commend those who oppose the tax dollars. stand today, 4 years later, remains in amendment to the Barclays Bank case, Finally, I would like to point to the place. I think all of us, again, regret decided by the Supreme Court a few role of Joseph Stalin in this. Fifty that it is simply a cease-fire and not a years ago, in which the court recounts years ago Joseph Stalin tried to stran- lasting peace, but progress was made the very clear constitutional principle gle Berlin, and we responded with the because of the actions of this institu- that foreign policy is to be made in the airlift. Two generations earlier Joseph tion and President Bush in 1992. Congress and effectuated by the admin- Stalin drew the borders of Azerbaijan As many speakers have indicated be- istration. and Armenia for the purpose of fore, this is not a question of are we The second issue is that we are not disenfranchising and leading to the op- wanting to cut off aid to Armenians. talking here about money or aid going pression of Armenians in Nagorno That is not the question. We do not to Azerbaijan. That is all we are talk- Karabagh. want to do that. Do we want to cut off ing about. Section 907 restricts the b aid to the Azerbaijan people? We do not transfer of U.S. tax dollars to the dic- 1715 want to do that. We remain very con- tatorial regime in Azerbaijan. Those We did not let Joseph Stalin strangle cerned on our side of the issue about who want to talk about fiscal conserv- Berlin and we should not allow those ensuring that the Azerbaijan govern- atism should draw the line here and who walk in his footsteps, those who September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7995 served in his KGB, we should not let meaningless resolution thanking them their great resources of oil. I had to them strangle Armenia. Today there is for stopping this shipment that would welcome back some of the families to an airlift to Armenia that should be have contributed to the development of Fort Hood in my district who were unnecessary, because we should con- the Iranian missile program. We can there to accept posthumously the sil- tinue to tell Azerbaijan to stop block- appreciate their courage, we can appre- ver medals and the bronze stars that ading Armenia. We are told that the ciate their location in a dangerous part were given to people, young men, who Armenians are intransigent and are un- of the world, but frankly that shows fought in that war. I had to see people willing to give up territory. Nothing is little benefit to a country in their par- come back in body bags rather than further from the truth. The govern- ticular geographic situation. come home to families and commu- ment of Armenia is willing to trade I am going to vote ‘‘no’’ on this nities to heroes’ welcomes. The reason land for peace, recognition and an end amendment for those two reasons. It is I say that is I think it is not just in the of this blockade. a failed policy that demonstrates once interest of the oil companies, far more Vote ‘‘yes’’ on the amendment. again the problems with the United importantly it is in the interest of Mr. SNYDER. Mr. Chairman, I move States unilaterally going it alone; and, American national security, and it is to strike the requisite number of number two, they ought to be rewarded in the interest of those American sol- words. for contributing to our national secu- diers who might have to go to other I commend the gentleman from Lou- rity and helping our United States Cus- parts of the world like they did in 1991 isiana (Mr. LIVINGSTON) for striking 907 toms officials stop this type of steel in Kuwait and put their lives on the in the bill. I believe the gentleman from going into the Iranian missile de- line if we do not diversify our source of from New York (Mr. KING) also had a velopment program. energy. All it takes is one more war in stand-alone bill and I commend him, Mr. EDWARDS. Mr. Chairman, I the Middle East and unless we diversify also. move to strike the requisite number of our oil resources, we are going to have Let me just make two points. First of words. more soldiers from my district and all, I was watching the debate earlier Mr. Chairman, I have genuine respect citizens from your districts have to put this afternoon and several folks made for my colleagues who care deeply their lives on the line to fight for, not the point that in 8 to 9 years the folks about human rights anywhere in the oil companies but stability in the in Azerbaijan had not made any move- world. It is a noble cause to commit world economy and stability of our po- ment. To me that is a sign of a failed oneself to human and individual rights, litical system in the world. I think it is policy and it demonstrates once again whether we be talking about Nagorno- important in saying that in my opin- the problem of a unilateral sanctions Karabagh, South Africa, Armenia, ion, repealing 907 perhaps will save policy that I think that people in this Azerbaijan, or frankly right here in the some other young American soldier body are going to want to look at in United States of America. someday from having to come back to the future. I know there has been much discus- this country in a body bag or in a cas- The second point I would make is sion today about the history of war and ket. from the national security perspective. human rights in this area, in the area So while I have tremendous respect I suspect most of us know where Azer- of the former Soviet Union. Frankly I for all of those who fought mightily baijan is. Their northern border is Rus- would imagine that if the truth were to and successfully over the last several sia, their southern border is Iran. It is be known, there have been human years for human rights in this part of a lot different being in their neighbor- rights abuses on both sides of this seri- the world, I think that policy has not hood than being between Canada and ous conflict between Azerbaijan and worked. Peace has not prevailed be- Mexico. In late March of this year, a Armenia. I would imagine if the truth cause of that. It is time to change that shipment of 22 tons of stainless steel were to be known, we are not dealing policy, to have an evenhanded policy. came south from Russia into Azer- with saints in either situation. I am In the eyes of the Bush and the Clinton baijan. It is a type of steel, a special not clear we will ever know the true administration now, let us push an type that is used for fuel tanks for history of some of the terrible human evenhanded policy that has a chance of Scud missiles. The Russian government rights abuses in this part of the world. bringing about peace in that part of had apparently been put on notice that But what I do know is that this debate the world, a chance of stabilizing a this shipment may be coming from a is not about who is for and who is critically important part of the world, company but it was able to get out of against human rights in the world. I and a chance of preventing American Russia nonetheless. Azerbaijan stopped think this debate is about what is the soldiers from having to go back to the the shipment within their country. best way, what is the best policy to Middle East someday and put their Now, what did they do? Did they call bring about peace in a terribly critical lives on the line. That, Mr. Chairman, the Russian company and say, ‘‘You’ve part of the world, a strategic part of I think is important. got this stuff mislabeled with phony la- the world. For myself, I side with the Mr. GREEN. Mr. Chairman, will the bels, we’ve caught you, give us a Bush administration, the Clinton ad- gentleman yield? bribe’’? No. Did they call Iran and say, ministration and our present Secretary Mr. EDWARDS. I yield to the gen- ‘‘We’ve got your steel, let’s make a of State in saying that 907 has not tleman from Texas. deal’’? No. They called the United worked, it has not brought about Mr. GREEN. Mr. Chairman, I thank States Customs officials and said, ‘‘We peace, and that we should try repealing the gentleman for yielding. I share his think we’ve found something that may that particular sanction. concern. Not being on either foreign af- be of interest to you.’’ The United I would like to make one comment fairs committee but from the Commit- States evaluated the steel and it on a personal note about the whole en- tee on Commerce I have watched, and turned out to be a type that is used in ergy question that has been brought the concern I have is that when we are fuel tanks for Scud missiles, part of the up. Some have said, that those of us dealing with the central Asian repub- Iranian missile development program. that favor repeal of 907 are fighting for lics and the republic of Turkey, we can- Does Russia reward this behavior for the oil companies. This is not about not continue to turn our back on this Azerbaijan? Of course not. This is a who is for or against the oil companies. part of the world. That is why I rise terrible embarrassment for Russia as it But I would like to talk about the im- and agree with my colleague from demonstrated once again that they portance to our national security of Texas. have some problems in their export having an independent source of energy Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, I ask controls. Does Iran reward Azerbaijan outside of the Middle East. unanimous consent to strike the req- and say thank you for stopping this In 1991 when I voted to send Amer- uisite number of words. import of this material we were trying ican soldiers to fight against Saddam The CHAIRMAN. Without objection, to get from Russia so we could further Hussein, we knew that we were sending the gentleman from Illinois is recog- develop missiles? Of course not. They soldiers to fight for, one, the democ- nized for an additional 5 minutes. needed that material. So what do we racy of Kuwait, but let us be honest, we There was no objection. do? And what have we done? Nothing. were also fighting for stability in a Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, I think We have not even bothered to pass a part of the world where we depend upon it seems clear to all of us here who H7996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 have talked about this issue and I it ceases other offensive actions, then Mr. Chairman, Barbara Tuckman think the debate has been a very good 907 will cease to exist. once wrote a book about how govern- one, that we ought to be able to agree Unfortunately, Azerbaijan continues ments through the ages have acted in on at least three goals: its strangling blockade on Armenia their own noninterest. To adopt this The first and most important goal is four years after a cease-fire had oc- amendment would not be in the inter- that we establish a condition of peace curred, in 1994. The Azeris could de- ests of the United States of America. and normal relations between Armenia clare that blockade over tomorrow and To adopt this amendment will not be in and Azerbaijan. That ought to be the section 907 would cease to exist. Be- line with what we have as our goals in highest priority for the United States. cause of the blockades by Azerbaijan this world and to help shape a region to Secondly, that we do everything within and Turkey, humanitarian and all make it more stable and secure. our power to encourage the develop- other assistance, including U.S. aid, We are confident that genuine inde- ment of the Caspian oil fields con- has to be routed through Georgia, cost- pendence and peace and prosperity for trolled by Azerbaijan by American oil ing additional time and money to our the nations in the southern area of the companies. And the third goal would be country trying to help people in need. Caucasus and central Asia allows them that the oil pipeline to carry that oil The Azeris and the Turks could stop to resist aggressive Iranian and Rus- developed by American oil companies these blockades simply by declaring sian pressure, promises of American to market go through Armenia. That them over. Yes, Azerbaijan has oil re- national interests. would be, Mr. Chairman, a win-win-win serves and yes, Armenia is landlocked It is important that we understand situation for Armenia, for Azerbaijan and a resource-poor country that is what is at stake here. The gentleman and for the American oil companies. very dependent upon foreign assistance from Illinois (Mr. PORTER) spoke about Unfortunately, people in that part of to survive these blockades, and the a pipeline that might go through Ar- the world do not necessarily see things Azeris could have stopped the blockade menia. What if that pipeline went the way we do in the United States long ago and there would be no 907. through Iran? That will not be in our where there is a win-win-win, and often So should we today undo 907 gratu- self-interest at all. Why do we shove it is seen that if one side gains, the itously and give this repressive regime our allies, our friends, those that did us other side loses and you have only out in Baku a victory they do not deserve? a favor and do favors for us, why do we of that a stalemate. Should we side with a dictator? shove them, if this amendment is Let us also agree that this adminis- The CHAIRMAN. The time of the adopted, toward the country of Iran? tration’s efforts in the peace process in gentleman from Illinois (Mr. PORTER) We know what it has done. There is that part of the world have been weak. has expired. terrorism in the area of squashing This administration has not placed this (By unanimous consent, Mr. PORTER human rights. at a high priority, has not done the was allowed to proceed for 2 additional We must also think of our ally of kinds of things that can bring the par- minutes.) Israel. It is interesting to read a letter ties to the table, and their latest ham- Mr. PORTER. Should we side with from the Conference of Presidents of handed effort was to force concessions the intransigent party? Should we side American Jewish Organizations that on the Ter-Petrossian government in with the aggressor in a brutal war of speaks on this issue and says that we Armenia that were not acceptable to ethnic cleansing? Should we side with must promote what is in the base bill the Armenian people which then an administration that cares nothing for the interest of Israel as well. caused that government to lose a vote about its own refugees from the war? Azerbaijan has resisted all efforts to of confidence, caused that government Should we side with a government that locate foreign troops on its territory. to resign and a new government, a new many believe is very corrupt? If so, you It has resisted the Fundamentalist gov- capable government to take charge, should vote against the Radanovich ernment. Azerbaijan has also been the Kocharian government which is in amendment. strongly supportive of the Organization some ways, much to my chagrin, a for Security and Cooperation in Eu- b 1730 much harder line government than the rope’s Minsk group, and the United one that was previous to that. So have Or should we at this point in time States of America is a co-chair of that American efforts been good or have continue to side with the government Minsk group. they worked? No, they have been poor that is moving more than any other in I think it behooves us to realize what and they have not worked. All of us the region toward democracy? Should is really at stake. Do we want to fur- ought to get on this administration to we side with people who are the victim ther American interests in this area, or make this at a high priority. of brutal aggression? Should we side do we by this wish to help the Iranian Now, if someone is to act, should it with a party more willing to negotiate interests in this area? be Azerbaijan or Armenia? We are en- face to face and asking for face-to-face I think that the gentleman from Lou- gaged in this effort right now about re- negotiations among the parties that isiana (Mr. LIVINGSTON) is right. What pealing 907 because Azerbaijan says to are refused by the other side? he and his committee put into the base the American oil companies, ‘‘You can Should we side with people who share bill is correct. I fully support what is do business with us, but only if you get our values? And should we then all in- in this bill, and I will vote with the your government to repeal 907.’’ We in- sist that this administration move this chairman and his committee against sist on the other hand that the Azeris to a high priority and bring the parties this amendment. themselves cause the repeal of 907 by to the table, and have them both give Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Mr. Chair- simply saying, ‘‘This blockade is over.’’ up a little bit so that each can win, man, I move to strike the requisite They can do it tomorrow. along with the United States as well? number of words. Mr. Chairman, this conflict began in Mr. Chairman, I think that we have Mr. Chairman, I yield to the gen- 1988 with anti-Armenian pogroms in to continue within 907, that 907 gives us tleman from Louisiana (Mr. LIVING- the Azeri city of Sumgait. Ethnic the leverage to work and force the STON) the chairman of the full commit- cleansing was going on there before it Azeris to make the concessions they tee, to continue the presentation that ever went on in Bosnia. A nation of 7.5 ought to make, and I insist that this he was making earlier. million people attacked 150,000 of their administration put this at the highest Mr. LIVINGSTON. Mr. Chairman, I Armenian minority. And there was possible level and make the three goals thank my friend for yielding, and I will brutal ethnic cleansing going on when that I outlined originally work. That be brief. I just thought it was impor- in 1992 Wayne Owens, a Democrat, of- is, peace and the normal relationship tant to sum up my feelings that 907 un- fered on the floor of the House the between these two very fine countries, dermines the neutrality of the United Freedom Support Act and said, no a development of the oil field by the States with respect to the conflict be- American money should go to a gov- American oil companies, and by the tween Armenia and Azerbaijan. We ernment that is permitting and encour- building of a pipeline through Armenia. want both countries to be our friends, aging and causing this kind of ethnic Mr. SKELTON. Mr. Chairman, I move and we want to extend the hand of cleansing. And when that government to strike the requisite number of friendship to both countries, but 907 ceases to blockade Armenia and when words. puts us in the position of slapping the September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7997 hands of the Azeris while extending the (Mr. LIVINGSTON) for not allowing him the Caucasus region and to work with hand of friendship to the Armenians. to speak beyond the 5 minutes, and I Armenia, which suffers an energy cri- Secretary Albright understands that. am glad to see that we are talking sis. And right now, there is absolutely That is why she supports the repeal of extra time at this point, because I nothing that would prevent Azerbaijan 907. The American Jewish Congress, think everyone should be allowed to from building a pipeline through the American Jewish Committee, the speak for as long as they want this Nagorno Karabagh, through Armenia Anti-Defamation League, the B’nai evening. and down to the Mediterranean. That B’rith, the National Conference of So- I do want to say, though, that the no- is the direct way to do it, that is the viet Jewry, they understand that prop- tion that somehow the United States easiest way for that pipeline to be osition, as well as the importance to and the State Department have been built. Israel, that we need to be neutral in taking a neutral position and that Armenia has said historically that our approach to both countries. somehow the existence of 907 tilts us they would like to share energy re- I have heard a lot of arguments about towards Azerbaijan or tilts us toward sources and work with Azerbaijan in how we made no progress over the Armenia is simply not true. The United terms of a free flow of oil to the West. years and therefore we should maintain States is not neutral between these If we repeal section 970, we create no Section 907 to sanction Azerbaijan. The two countries. The U.S. has clearly incentive for using that oil in a cooper- gentleman from Arkansas pointed out taken a pro-Azeri position from the ative way within the Caucasus coun- that even then, Azerbaijan has been very beginning, and this administra- tries. That is the kind of signal that we very helpful in working out matters of tion and the State Department con- are going to send. great importance to the United States. tinue to take a pro-Azeri position. And lastly, let me talk about the I would refer my colleagues again to I say that because they tried to im- peace process, because some of my col- the New York Times International, pose a settlement in Armenia with re- leagues on the other side have said Monday, September 14, 1998, page A–6. gard to Nagorno Karabagh that was not that somehow repealing 907 will lead to The fourth and fifth paragraphs relate acceptable. They did not and they con- peace. That is not the truth. What they to the first movement, the first glim- tinue not to recognize the territorial are doing here is rewarding the aggres- mer of hope for the settlement of the integrity of Nagorno Karabagh, which sor. They are telling the country that dispute between Azerbaijan and Arme- existed as an entity even during the attacked the Armenians in Nagorno nia. Admittedly, with Section 907 in Soviet era. And the United States Karabagh, they are telling the country place, there has been no hope. Now clearly and the State Department that continues to blockade, that they that we are talking about getting rid of clearly have not taken the position are going to be rewarded by repealing Section 907, the New York Times says: that is supportive of Armenia. section 970. There has been no settlement or no sub- I am very afraid that by repealing We know historically that appeasing stantial movement toward a settlement of section 907, we would be sending a clear the conflict, and the sides remain so far the aggressor does not work. It did not apart that some fear another war. But last signal to Azerbaijan that we are 100 work in the case of Chamberlin. And Monday, the Prime Minister of Armenia, percent supportive of their position what did we get? We ended up killing 6 Armen Darbinyan, flew to Azerbaijan to at- and, as a result, they would have abso- million Jews in the Holocaust in Nazi tend a regional trade conference. lutely no incentive to try to resolve Germany because we appeased the Before meeting privately with his guest, the conflict in the Caucasus, to try to other side. We appeased Adolf Hitler. President Heydar Aliyev of Azerbaijan told resolve the conflict in Nagorno Start that policy of appeasement reporters that he looked forward to ‘‘the res- Karabagh and make peace ultimately toration of friendship between Azerbaijan again, and we will see another genocide and Armenia in the context of a peaceful res- with Armenia. in the Caucasus, we will see a contin- olution in Nagorno Karabagh.’’ It was the Let me just address a few other ual genocide of the Armenian people. first time in memory he had made such a things that were mentioned here to- I do not think that it is fair for peo- statement. night. I know a few of the speakers said ple to ignore the historical reality of We have progress now. The progress we should not look at human rights what is going on here, and if we want can be continued, but we need to lift abuses because they have existed on to achieve a policy where these three Section 907, not reinstate it. If this both sides. If we take that position, we Caucasus nations work together, then amendment is adopted, it will be main- are denying the historical fact of the do not reward the aggressor. Armenia genocide, and that is why so tained as if nothing had happened, and b 1745 the chances for progress in that part of many people on our side of the aisle the world will not likely be any more who are pro-Armenia feel so strongly Do not reward the country that is prominent, any more effective, than about what is going on there. continuing the blockade. Let these they have been since 1992. Nagorno Karabagh was attacked by countries work together. Let the It is in the interests of the United Azerbaijan. They suffered an aggressive United States show that it can be neu- States, it is in the interests of Israel, it attack by the Azeris and by Azerbaijan tral and work equally with the other is in the interest of all American and as a nation, and they had to defend countries. There is nothing to stop the Israeli citizens, it is in the interest of themselves. The aggressor here was United States from telling Azerbaijan the entire Western civilized world that Azerbaijan. The aggressor historically that they should share their resources, peace comes to the Caucasus and peace in that area has been either the Azeris their energy resources and work with comes to central Asia. And the only or the Turks, and to suggest that some- Armenia and the other Caucasus na- way we can do that is to deal how this blockade which prevents hu- tions. evenhandedly with two countries, both manitarian assistance from going to The U.S. is powerful enough to basi- of which should be our friend, and nei- Armenia is not in some ways a con- cally give the signal to Azerbaijan that ther of which should be hostile to us tinuation of that historic genocide is a if they do not lift this blockade, that nor should we be hostile to them. But denial of history. we will not continue to support them, that can only come to pass if we repeal That is why we cannot allow this sec- and that is what we should be sending, Section 907 and reject this ill-conceived tion 907 to be repealed, because other- that signal to Azerbaijan. amendment. wise the people of Armenia will con- Mr. RADANOVICH. Mr. Chairman, I Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Mr. Chair- tinue to suffer and will not receive hu- move to strike the requisite number of man, I support the realistic approach manitarian assistance. words. of the gentleman from Louisiana (Mr. Let me talk about the energy issue. I Mr. Chairman, I do appreciate the LIVINGSTON) to this whole issue dealing understand that some people feel that fine arguments of my friends from with Section 907. we should not discuss the energy issue across the aisle, and with great due re- Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Chairman, I here, but others have brought it up and spect to the chairman of the Commit- move to strike the requisite number of talked about our energy dependence. tee on Appropriations, I do have to say words. The bottom line is that if we repeal that the bottom line I think of this leg- Mr. Chairman, I want to first apolo- section 907, we create no incentive for islation is fairness, and I really believe gize to the gentleman from Louisiana Azerbaijan to share its oil resources in that it is unfair for a country like H7998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 Azerbaijan to block the foreign aid of us lift Section 907, and let us leave the are motivated because there are Arme- another country, Armenia, when they blockade in place. It seems to me we nian Americans in their community are receiving foreign aid themselves. have balance here with Section 907. The CHAIRMAN. The time of the This is an issue of an equal playing As my colleagues know, some of the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. YATES) field in that region of the world. Sec- Section 907 provisions were relaxed in has expired. tion 907 protects an equal playing field. the course of time. We said that assist- (By unanimous consent, Mr. YATES In closing I just want to say it pro- ance could go to NGOs in the region, was allowed to proceed for 2 additional tects a level playing field, and with all nongovernmental organizations in the minutes.) due respect, we should not be blocking region, but not to the Azeri govern- Mr. YATES. Mr. Chairman, I yield to the foreign aid of one country to an- ment. There were concerns that people the distinguished gentlewoman from other. This preserves that level playing had of uncertainty about the leader- California (Ms. PELOSI). field in that region of the world, and I ship in Azerbaijan: the President had Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I thank urge my colleagues to vote for this been the head of the KGB when Azer- the gentleman, and I thank my col- amendment. baijan was part of the Soviet Union. So leagues for their indulgence. For the distinguished chairman to be Mr. YATES. Mr. Chairman, I move to there were serious questions about questioning the motivation of our col- strike the requisite number of words. human rights and Democratic freedoms leagues because they are motivated by Mr. Chairman, I yield to the gentle- in Azerbaijan, but the main issue was the Armenians in their community, woman from California (Ms. PELOSI). the blockade. Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I thank Through the leadership of the gen- and in the same presentation talk about the American Jewish Commit- the distinguished gentleman from Illi- tleman from Virginia (Mr. WOLF), Sec- tee, the American Jewish Congress, the nois (Mr. YATES) for yielding, and I tion 907 was further relaxed when he Anti Defamation League, B’nai B’rith, want to just convey a few thoughts at visited there, saw that the Azeri refu- who are on his side of the issue, I think the end of this debate. gees needed assistance too, and we is not fair. I think it is contradictory. First of all, may I identify my oppo- knew that, but he brought the story The fact is that the American Jewish sition, with reluctance, to the initia- back firsthand, that certain assistance Committee and the Anti Defamation tive as our distinguished chairman of could not reach them through the non- League, the American Jewish Congress the full committee, the gentleman governmental organizations. Some aid and B’nai B’rith have every right to ex- from Louisiana (Mr. LIVINGSTON). He had to go through the government. So press their view on this subject, but do knows the high regard in which mem- we agreed, under the gentleman’s lead- not say the Armenian Americans are bers of the committee, including my- ership, we agreed to this relaxation so not an appropriate motivation for self, hold for him, and I regret having that humanitarian assistance would be Members to come to this floor, but to oppose his well-intentioned initia- delivered through NGOs wherever pos- these other groups are. We welcome tive, which was successful in full com- sible, and if not, in some instances their input anywhere in the world mittee. through the government. So everyone starting, of course, with Israel, and if I commend the gentleman from Cali- has been open to this being an effective they care to intervene in some other fornia (Mr. RADANOVICH), the gen- tool for balance in the region. area of the world, they have a right tleman from Indiana (Mr. VISCLOSKY), One more point about the peace proc- under our law to do that, and I respect the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. ess. There is a Minsk process in place that. But I hope that the rights of Ar- PALLONE) and others who have been which some Members have addressed menian Americans would be respected part of putting this amendment for- here, and the 907 is a motivation for as well. ward to repeal the repeal of Section the Azeris to participation in the My final point is that I listened at- 907. Minsk process which could bring peace tentively as the distinguished chair- I think that some of the statements to the region. Our humanitarian assist- man spoke about this as something that have been made here today have ance and our cooperation with all the that the administration wants and we been very useful and this debate has other countries in the region, whether cannot tie the administration’s hand, been useful. It certainly has focused it be Armenia, Nagorno Karabagh or and that Secretary Albright is for this. the attention of our colleagues on a Azerbaijan, should be related to their Well, that is interesting. That is very very important region of the world, willingness to participate in the peace interesting, and I would like to, for the and one which has emerging challenges process. record, just talk for a moment about for us. So in that regard, this debate So in terms of substance, I think Sec- the statement of administration policy has been very helpful, because it has tion 907 is the motivation to keep the about this bill, because Secretary been very educational on both sides of Azeris at the table, and again, would be Albright and the President of the the issue. lifted when the blockade is lifted. So United States are concerned about the Frankly, both sides have very legiti- much for the substance. Our colleagues dollar amount in this bill, but that in- mate arguments about Section 907. who are very familiar with this issue terest seems to be ignored by the same However, I come down in favor of the have presented it very, very clearly be- chairman who was using them as an amendment offered by the gentleman fore us, but I just wanted to put that in authority for why we should go forward from California (Mr. RADANOVICH) and perspective a little bit. with lifting Section 907. commend him for his leadership in put- Now, in terms of some of the debate The administration strongly opposes ting it forward. that has gone on here today about Mexico City restrictions, as they say in Mr. Chairman, the gentleman from questioning motivation. Since the oil this. The administration strongly ob- New Jersey (Mr. PALLONE) in his re- companies have been interested in jects to the committee’s action to leav- marks laid out the issue very clearly. Azerbaijan, there has been a height- ing U.S. funds for the Korean Penin- The gentleman from Illinois (Mr. POR- ened awareness of Azerbaijan and the sula Development Organization, in- TER) earlier laid out the issue I think need by some to lift the Section 907. I cluding language prohibiting the Presi- very clearly, as did many of our col- am not questioning anybody’s motiva- dent from exercising his authority to leagues in the course of the debate. So tion here today; I think there are le- transfer funds from other sources for I will not revisit that, except to say gitimate arguments on both sides. this purpose, and it goes on and on. The very simply that this Section 907 was However, I want to say 2 things. administration objects to the low fig- put into place because there was a My chairman knows what high re- ure for the New Independent States, blockade of humanitarian assistance. gard, the gentleman from Louisiana and are concerned about the low fund- The blockade was by Azerbaijan and (Mr. LIVINGSTON) knows what high re- ing for economic support. Turkey for assistance going to Arme- gard I hold for him. But for him in the So if we are going to use giving the nia. The minute the blockade is lifted, same remarks to be expressing his dis- administration a free hand, we have to Section 907 is lifted. So this is about may at the suggestion that the oil go across the board with that. And balance. I do not understand how this companies were influencing our deci- with that, since my time has expired, I new amendment came to the full com- sion and then questioning the motiva- urge my colleagues to support the mittee where we said, let us be fair, let tion of our colleagues, saying that they amendment. September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7999 Mr. CUNNINGHAM. Mr. Chairman, I I think the question before this But if we have other regions of the move to strike the requisite number of House on this issue is whether or not, world where we do not have large eco- words. when we look at this or any other re- nomic players, then we do not pay any Mr. Chairman, I yield to the distin- gion of the world, we look at it in attention to them. I think that that guished gentleman from Alabama (Mr. terms of what all of our values are, or represents a gap in what our values CALLAHAN), the chairman of the sub- whether we will, in fact, simply look at ought to be. I think that the best thing committee. a region in terms of our economic or to do is to stick with the policy that Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I materialist values. we have stuck with the last 2 years. thank the gentleman for yielding. I It seems to me that we have to have Support the amendment. think that we are nearing a closure on a flexible view of our insistence on Mr. GEPHARDT. Mr. Chairman, I rise in this debate, but I certainly would agree human rights. The best writing I ever strong support of this amendment, which with my colleague, the gentlewoman saw on the subject of human rights was would restore Section 907 of the Freedom from California (Ms. PELOSI), that this by Father Brian Hehir, who was the Support Act. is what the Congress is all about. This driving force behind the creation of the Over the past several years, the people of has been a very spirited debate, and we Catholic Bishop’s document on nuclear the Caucasus have suffered terribly ongoing have people on both sides of the aisle war. military conflict in the region. Of particular con- who feel very serious about their view b 1800 cern, the extreme hardship and deprivation on this. endured by the people of Armenia and But let us not lose sight of our mis- He observed in that statement that Nagorno Karabakh defy both American and sion. Do my colleagues think for one we had an obligation in promoting international norms regarding the human rights moment that anybody who is in favor human rights to take into account of innocent civilians. of the lifting of this ban against Azer- both our ability to affect the situation Recognizing the humanitarian needs of the baijan is really against any human and other considerations that impacted Armenian people, U.S. Government has en- rights help? Do my colleagues think on the world’s safety, the possibility of deavored to provide assistance to the innocent that we have any mission other than war, and our own security. victims of the conflict. Unfortunately, the deliv- peace? No. This is an avenue for peace, The point he made is that there are ery of much of this aid continues to be sty- and that is what this debate is all some occasions when other issues are mied by Armenia's neighbors. about. We are not here saying that we so overriding, such as the necessity to I have often spoken out against nations favor Azerbaijan over Armenia, or vice prevent the proliferation of nuclear which have attempted to interfere with U.S. versa. We are not talking about money, weapons or the use of those weapons, humanitarian effort around the world. I sup- because we do not give money to Azer- that perhaps human rights have to ported the Humanitarian Aid Corridor Act in baijan, nor does Azerbaijan want take a second or third seat on the 1995 and its strengthening in 1997, which money. We are here about talking train. banned aid to nations which block shipments about a possible avenue of peace. But when those issues are not at They have a group called the Minsk of U.S. humanitarian assistance to other coun- stake and we have a greater ability to tries. Group, and that group is trying to es- press for human rights without inter- tablish a process where they will sit The United States government has con- fering with our security or other val- cluded an ongoing effort to promote peace down at a table and they will sign an ues, then we have an obligation to do agreement. When that happens, this and reconciliation between Armenia and Azer- so. I think we face that situation in baijan, both to end the human suffering and to war that has been going on for so many this instance. years will end through negotiations. achieve stability in the region. At this time, it I have often been at odds with rep- would not be advisable to unilaterally eliminate But the administration, Secretary resentatives of the American-Arme- Albright and the President, tell us that the diplomatic tool that it embodied in Section nian community because I have never 907 of the Freedom Support Act. This tool is the administration cannot create this favored earmarking funds in any for- peace document that both sides will intended to provide an incentive for peace, eign aid appropriation bill for anybody. and I hope it will continue to be used effec- sign, unless indeed this is lifted. It is An earmark means that you require an unfair advantage that the Arme- tively to that end. the President to spend at least a cer- I urge your support of this amendment. nians have. But it is not a question of tain amount of money. I have always whether one is pro-Armenian or pro- Mr. MCKEON. Mr. Chairman, I rise in strong been opposed to that for Armenia or Azeri. That is not the question. support of the Porter-Radanovich amendment anybody else. The question is, what is the best pos- to maintain section 907 of the Freedom Sup- But on this issue, while I must con- sible avenue to finally have a peace port Act. fess to a certain degree of uncertainty agreement signed, drafted and signed As Members know, Armenia is a land- by both parties, and as a result of that, because there are value judgments on locked country in the Caucasus that in 1991 fi- create an opportunity for Azerbaijan to both sides that are important, in the nally achieved its long-sought goal of inde- ship their oil through Armenia, hope- end I come down on the side of the pendence. Unfortunately, geography and con- fully someday, into the straits whereby amendment simply because I think flicts with its neighbors has prevented the Ar- it can be utilized by the western world, that whether we are talking about the menian economy from flourishing. Armenia instead of the opposite direction of it Executive Branch of government or the wants nothing more than a resolution to the going through China and being totally Legislative Branch of government, that conflicts with its neighbors. utilized by the Chinese. all too often in this country and in our However, these neighbors must also be will- So it has been a very spirited debate. political system, when big business and ing to negotiate with Armenia in good faith. I encourage my colleagues to go along big dollars speak, we tend to listen to Maintaining section 907 is essential to ensur- with the gentleman from Louisiana them more than we do any other sector ing that there is a good faith peace process (Mr. LIVINGSTON)’s plan to help in this of our society. I think that is wrong. between Armenia and Azerbaijan. peace process, and the way to do that Does anybody really believe this Vote in favor of section 907. is to vote ‘‘no’’ on this amendment and amendment would have a chance of a Support the Porter-Radanovich amendment. to give the administration the ability snowball in Hades if we did not have a Mr. MCGOVERN. Mr. Chairman, I rise in they have to effectuate a peace in this list of 14 oil companies who were lobby- support of the amendment offered by my col- region that has been fighting for so ing for it? I do not say that to question leagues Rep. PALLONE and Rep. RADANOVICH many decades. the motive of any Member, because to overturn the repeal of Section 907 in the fis- Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I move to there are a good many other reasons cal year 1999 foreign operations appropria- strike the requisite number of words. for Members to be for this amendment. tions bill and restore the original language that Mr. Chairman, picking up on the But when we see that we do have the has been in law since 1992. comments of the previous speaker, let Amoco, Exxon, Mobile, Penzoil and a Section 907 was adopted by Congress in me state that I am not speaking in a number of others interested in seeing 1992 as the Freedom Support Act and signed pro-Armenian mode or a pro-Azeri us change our position, then we see a into law by President George Bush. It has al- mode. I am trying to be pro-American likelihood that Congress will switch its ways enjoyed strong bipartisan support. It pro- and pro-American values. position. vides guidelines for U.S. foreign aid to the H8000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 New Independent States and places restric- I urge my colleagues to support the Pallone- Weldon (PA) Wolf Yates Weller Woolsey Young (AK) tions on U.S. government-to-government aid Radanovich amendment and overturn the re- Weygand Wynn to Azerbaijan until that country ends its ag- peal of Section 907. gression and lifts its illegal blockades against The CHAIRMAN. The question is on NOES—182 the Republic of Armenia and Nagorno- the amendment offered by the gen- Aderholt Green Peterson (PA) Allen Greenwood Petri Karabagh. tleman from Illinois (Mr. PORTER). Archer Hamilton Pickering Since 1992, the U.S. has been able to pro- The question was taken; and the Armey Hansen Pickett vide over $130 million in humanitarian and ex- Chairman announced that the noes ap- Bachus Harman Pomeroy Baker Hastert Portman change assistance to Azerbaijan through non- peared to have it. governmental organizations and private vol- Baldacci Hastings (FL) Quinn RECORDED VOTE Ballenger Hastings (WA) Redmond untary organizations. Section 907, therefore, Barr Hefley Regula has not been an impediment to humanitarian Mr. RADANOVICH. Mr. Chairman, I Barton Herger Reyes and community-based development assistance demand a recorded vote. Bateman Hill Riley A recorded vote was ordered. Bentsen Hobson Rodriguez for the Azeri people. Bereuter Hulshof Roemer During that same time frame, the people of The vote was taken by electronic de- Blunt Hutchinson Rogers Armenia have established democracy, en- vice, and there were—ayes 231, noes 182, Boehner Inglis Rohrabacher gaged in free elections, and undertaken mar- not voting 21, as follows: Bonilla Istook Ryun Boswell Jackson-Lee Sabo ket reforms. The people and Government of [Roll No 447] Boyd (TX) Salmon Armenia would like to integrate the Armenian AYES—231 Brady (PA) Jefferson Sandlin Brady (TX) Jenkins Sanford economy with the West, but has been blocked Abercrombie Fox Millender- in these efforts by the continuing blockade of Bryant John Saxton Ackerman Frank (MA) McDonald Bunning Johnson, Sam Scarborough Azerbaijan. For the past nine years, Azer- Andrews Franks (NJ) Miller (CA) Burton Kanjorski Schaefer, Dan baijan has blockaded Armenia and Nagorno- Baesler Frelinghuysen Mink Buyer Kaptur Sessions Karabagh, cutting off the transport of food, Barcia Furse Moakley Callahan Kasich Shadegg Barrett (NE) Gallegly Mollohan Calvert Kingston Shaw fuel, medicine and other vital supplies. Barrett (WI) Ganske Moran (VA) Campbell Klug Shimkus For its part, the Azerbaijan government re- Bass Gejdenson Morella Canady Kolbe Shuster mains authoritarian and continues to use Becerra Gilchrest Neal Cannon LaHood Skeen blockades and force against the Armenian Berman Gilman Neumann Chabot Lampson Skelton Bilbray Goode Ney Chambliss Lantos Smith (OR) people and the people of Nargorno-Karabagh, Bilirakis Gutierrez Norwood Clement Largent Smith (TX) thus failing to live up to the basic condition set Bishop Gutknecht Oberstar Coburn Latham Snowbarger forth in U.S. law. To date, the Azerbaijani gov- Blagojevich Hall (OH) Obey Collins LaTourette Snyder Bliley Olver ernment has taken no demonstrable steps to Hall (TX) Combest Lewis (CA) Solomon Blumenauer Hayworth Owens Cooksey Lewis (KY) Spence lift these illegal blockades. Furthermore, the Boehlert Hefner Pallone Cramer Linder Spratt U.S. State Department's Country Reports on Bonior Hilleary Pappas Crane Livingston Stearns Human Rights Practices for 1997, the Am- Bono Hinchey Pascrell Danner Lucas Stenholm Borski Pastor nesty International Report 1998, and the Hinojosa Davis (FL) Luther Stump Boucher Hoekstra Paul Deal Maloney (CT) Tanner Human Rights Watch Report 1998 have all Brown (CA) Holden Payne DeLay Manzullo Tauscher documented the Azerbaijani government's Brown (FL) Hooley Pelosi Deutsch Martinez Tauzin Brown (OH) Horn Peterson (MN) Dickey McCrery Taylor (MS) human rights violations, its censorship of the Burr Pitts media, and widespread police brutality. Hostettler Dunn McInnis Taylor (NC) Camp Houghton Pombo Edwards McIntosh Thornberry On the eve of upcoming elections in Azer- Capps Hoyer Porter Emerson Metcalf Thune baijan, it would be unconscionable to repeal Cardin Hunter Price (NC) Everett Miller (FL) Thurman the democratic and non-aggression require- Carson Hyde Radanovich Ewing Minge Tiahrt Castle Jackson (IL) Rahall Foley Moran (KS) Traficant ments embodied in Section 907. The corrupt Chenoweth Ramstad Johnson (CT) Forbes Murtha Turner Christensen Rangel and authoritarian government of former KGB Johnson (WI) Fowler Nadler Wamp Clayton Rivers General Geidar Aliyev would view the repeal Jones Frost Nethercutt Watkins Clyburn Rogan Kelly Gekas Northup Watts (OK) of such restrictions as a ``green light'' for his Coble Ros-Lehtinen Kennedy (MA) Gibbons Nussle Weldon (FL) undemocratic practices. Indeed, Azerbaijan's Condit Rothman Kennedy (RI) Gillmor Ortiz Wexler Conyers Roukema major opposition parties are boycotting the Kildee Goodlatte Oxley White Cook Roybal-Allard elections and have issued a joint statement Kilpatrick Goodling Packard Wicker Costello Royce Kim Gordon Parker Wilson denouncing the electoral framework as unfair Cox Sanders Kind (WI) Graham Paxon Wise and undemocratic. These political parties have Coyne Sawyer Kleczka Granger Pease Young (FL) called upon President Clinton to help the Azeri Crapo Schaffer, Bob Cubin Klink Scott NOT VOTING—21 people overcome the current ``atmosphere of Knollenberg Cummings Sensenbrenner Bartlett Hilliard Poshard dictatorship.'' The Congress must not ignore Cunningham Kucinich Serrano LaFalce Berry Johnson, E. B. Pryce (OH) the democratic aspirations of the Azeri people. Davis (IL) Shays Clay Kennelly Riggs Davis (VA) Lazio Sherman So, why are we faced with the possible re- Leach Fawell King (NY) Rush DeFazio Sisisky Gephardt Lewis (GA) Sanchez peal of Section 907? For oil, Mr. Speaker, for DeGette Lee Skaggs Caspian oil. For the profits, Mr. Speaker, to be Levin Gonzalez Meek (FL) Schumer Delahunt Slaughter Goss Myrick Whitfield gained from ``black gold.'' Oil companies have DeLauro Lipinski Smith (MI) been lobbying heavily in support of a repeal or Diaz-Balart LoBiondo Smith (NJ) b 1823 Dicks Lofgren Smith, Adam the weakening of Section 907 so that an east- Dingell Lowey Smith, Linda Messrs. SKEEN, WELDON of Florida, west pipeline might be built to bring projected, Dixon Maloney (NY) Souder FOLEY, PEASE, PETERSON of Penn- but still undiscovered, Caspian oil out of Azer- Doggett Manton Stabenow sylvania, SCARBOROUGH, and NAD- Markey baijan to Turkey and out to the West. Dooley Stark Doolittle Mascara Stokes LER changed their vote from ‘‘aye’’ to So while the energy benefits of repealing Doyle Matsui Strickland ‘‘no.’’ Section 907 are largely speculative, the politi- Dreier McCarthy (MO) Stupak Mrs. CLAYTON and Messrs. SHAYS, cal consequences are clear and concrete: Duncan McCarthy (NY) Sununu CUNNINGHAM, RAHALL, YOUNG of Continued repression in Azerbaijan; continued Ehlers McCollum Talent Ehrlich McDade Thomas Alaska, FOSSELLA, and DICKS suffering and hardship in Nagorno-Karabagh Engel McDermott Thompson changed their vote from ‘‘no’’ to ‘‘aye.’’ and Armenia; compromise the ability of the English McGovern Tierney So the amendment was agreed to. U.S. to maintain its role as ``impartial medi- Ensign McHale Torres The result of the vote was announced Eshoo McHugh Towns ator'' in the Caucasus; and jeopardize further Etheridge McIntyre Upton as above recorded. regional security. Evans McKeon Velazquez Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I Mr. Chairman, the only hope for lasting Farr McKinney Vento move to strike the last word. peace and stability in the Caucasus is to re- Fattah McNulty Visclosky Mr. PORTMAN. Mr. Chairman, will tain Section 907. The only choice in support of Fazio Meehan Walsh the gentleman yield? Filner Meeks (NY) Waters human rights and democracy is to retain Sec- Ford Menendez Watt (NC) Mr. CALLAHAN. I yield to the gen- tion 907. Fossella Mica Waxman tleman from Ohio. September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H8001 Mr. PORTMAN. Mr. Chairman, I from the gentleman from Alabama and The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman thank the gentleman from Alabama I look forward to continuing to work from Georgia (Mr. BISHOP) wish to be (Mr. CALLAHAN) for yielding to me, and closely with him in the future in imple- heard further on the point of order? I would like to enter into a colloquy mentation of the Tropical Forest Con- Mr. BISHOP. I will be happy if the with the gentleman. servation Act. Chair would make a ruling. Earlier this session, as the gentleman AMENDMENT NO. 19 OFFERED BY MR. TORRES The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman knows, by a vote of 356 to 61, this Con- Mr. TORRES. Mr. Chairman, I offer from Massachusetts (Mr. KENNEDY) gress passed and the President signed an amendment. wish to be heard on the point of order? into law the Tropical Forest Conserva- The Clerk read as follows: Mr. KENNEDY of Massachusetts. Mr. Chairman, I understand this bill has tion Act of 1998. This law provides the Amendment No. 19 offered by Mr. TORRES: been open to amendment throughout administration with the authority to H.R. 4569 the course of the debate and the reduce debt where appropriate for less At the end of the bill, insert after the last developed countries that have globally section (preceding the general short title) amendment was printed in the RECORD outstanding tropical forest with the in- the following: properly. We recognize that there are tention of protecting these valuable LIMITATION ON ASSISTANCE FOR SCHOOL OF THE issues that can be brought up at the and rapidly dwindling natural re- AMERICAS end of the bill, but this was a regularly sources. SEC. 701. Notwithstanding any other provi- scheduled amendment. It was accepted Mr. Chairman, $50 million was au- sion of this Act, none of the funds appro- as a printed amendment, and the bill thorized for this new program for this priated or otherwise made available by this has been amended in regular order year. While I am disappointed that Act may be used for programs at the United throughout the previous procedures. those funds are not included in the States Army School of the Americas located To set a new record, a new precedent at Fort Benning, Georgia. pending appropriations bill, I realize at this point saying that this should be that the authorization was enacted Mr. TORRES (during the reading). knocked to the end of the bill would, I into law after the subcommittee com- Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous con- think, violate the rules of the House. pleted its work and that budget con- sent that the amendment be considered The CHAIRMAN. The Chair is pre- straints make it difficult to fund new as read and printed in the RECORD. pared to rule. Under the rule, the last programs this year. The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection four lines of the bill have not yet been I would still hope, Mr. Chairman, to the request of the gentleman from read. This amendment is in the form of that something could be worked out California? a limitation, which must await the end with the Senate. But in any case, it is There was no objection. of the reading of the bill, under clause my sincere hope that the House Com- b 1830 2 of rule XXI. Therefore, the point of order by the gentleman from Georgia mittee on Appropriations will be able POINT OF ORDER (Mr. BISHOP) is sustained at this time. to fund this program in the next budg- Mr. BISHOP. Mr. Chairman, I rise to et cycle. AMENDMENT NO. 1 OFFERED BY MR. TIAHRT a point of order. Mr. TIAHRT. Mr. Chairman, I offer There is a provision of the recently The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman will enacted law that can be implemented an amendment. state his point of order. The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will des- at no cost to the U.S. Treasury. This Mr. BISHOP. Mr. Chairman, I rise to ignate the amendment. provision amends section 808 of the a point of order against consideration Foreign Assistance Act to authorize The text of the amendment is as fol- of the amendment, pursuant to the lows: common sense and cost-free debt-for- rules of the House, because an amend- nature swaps and debt buybacks. How- Amendment No. 1 printed in House Report ment in the form of a limitation must 105–725 offered by Mr. TIAHRT: ever, I have been informed that in await the end of the reading of the bill. Page 8, line 10, after ‘‘services’’ insert the order to implement this provision, a The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman following: technical amendment must be made to from California (Mr. TORRES) wish to ; and that any such voluntary family plan- the appropriation for ‘‘debt restructur- be heard on the point of order? ning project shall meet the following re- ing’’ in the current appropriations bill. Mr. TORRES. Yes, Mr. Chairman. quirements: (1) the project shall not make I realize that the gentleman from I ask unanimous consent to revise use of quotas, goals, or other numerical tar- Alabama is not entertaining legislative gets, on an individual, local, regional, or na- and extend my remarks and to include tional basis, of total number of births, the amendments, and I respect that. How- extraneous material therein. number of family planning acceptors, accep- ever, I would inquire of the subcommit- The CHAIRMAN. The Chair is ad- tors of a particular method of family plan- tee chairman, the distinguished gen- vised that it is not in order to revise ning, or any other performance standard tleman from Alabama, if this critical and extend remarks when addressing a (this provision shall not be construed to in- change could be made in a conference point of order. clude the use of quantitative estimates for committee with the Senate. Mr. TORRES. Mr. Chairman, I want budgeting and planning purposes); (2) the Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, re- to begin my remarks on this amend- project shall not include payment of incen- claiming my time, I appreciate the in- ment by thanking the gentleman from tives, bribes, gratuities, or any other form of quiry of the gentleman from Ohio. compensation or reward, monetary or non- Alabama (Mr. CALLAHAN). monetary, to (A) an individual in exchange First of all, I would like to congratu- Mr. BISHOP. Mr. Chairman, I object for becoming a family planning acceptor, or late him on his success in achieving en- to consideration of the amendment and (B) program personnel for achieving any nu- actment of his legislation. It had broad raise a point of order for consideration merical goal or quota; (3) the project shall bipartisan support and should make a of the amendment. not deny any right or benefit, including the real difference in tropical forest con- The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman right of access to participate in any program servation. from California (Mr. TORRES) must con- of general welfare or the right of access to Second, I am aware that the bill au- fine his remarks to the point of order. health care, as a consequence of any individ- thorizes debt swap at no cost to the Does the gentleman wish to be heard ual’s decision not to accept family planning services; (4) the project shall inform family Treasury. Even though no appropria- on the point of order made by the gen- planning acceptors, in comprehensible tion is required, legislative language is tleman from Georgia (Mr. BISHOP)? terms, of the nature of the family planning necessary in this bill in order to allow Mr. TORRES. Mr. Chairman, I do not method chosen, its contraindications and po- the Treasury Department to imple- see how his point of order in this in- tential health risks, and available alter- ment this provision. I can assure the stance applies here. This is an amend- natives; (5) the project shall provide a rea- gentleman from Ohio that I will make ment being raised. It is printed in the sonable range of options of methods of fam- every possible effort to ensure that this CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. It is in keep- ily planning, including natural methods; and language is included in any final appro- ing with the decorum of debate here in (6) the project shall ensure that experi- the House. I do not understand how the mental methods of family planning are ad- priation legislation that is sent to the ministered only in a scientifically controlled President. gentleman terms to limit this amend- study in which participants are advised of Mr. PORTMAN. Mr. Chairman, if the ment to be brought before us as a body potential risks and benefits; and, not later gentleman would continue to yield, I of Congress. Perhaps he can explain to than 30 days after the date on which the Ad- deeply appreciate those assurances us? ministrator of the United States Agency for H8002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 International Development determines that INVOLUNTARY STERILIZATION HORROR STORIES USAID is the biggest supporter of popu- there has been a violation of any provision All of the following countries receive USAID lation control in Kenya. Population Research contained in the preceding 6 paragraphs, or a funding and are engaging in forced steriliza- Institute Review, March/April 1997, p. 4 violation of any other provision contained in tion tactics. MEXICO this heading, the Administrator shall submit to the Committee on International Relations BANGLADESH A young medical professional who goes by and the Committee on Appropriations of the Women receiving sterilization and contra- the name ``Maria Garcia'' has seen the follow- House of Representatives and to the Com- ception were offered payment incentives of $3 ing in Mexican family planning programs: mittee on Foreign Relations and the Com- each, plus a new saree. Population Research Hundreds of forced sterilizations are docu- mittee on Appropriations of the Senate a re- Institute Review, July/August 1997, pg. 6 mented. Population Research Institute Review, port containing a description of such viola- The government also pays incentives to pro- March/April 1997, p. 4 tion. viders for signing up women. Earth Summit Medical personnel are fired for their refusal The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to House Watch web page on implementation of the to perform sterilizations. Population Research Resolution 542, the gentleman from Cairo Conference Programme of Action, one Institute Review, March/April 1997, p. 5 Kansas (Mr. TIAHRT) and a Member op- year after Cairo Report Women refusing sterilization are denied posed, each will control 5 minutes. Women consent to sterilization out of des- medical treatment. For example, one pregnant woman with an umbilical hernia was refused The Chair recognizes the gentleman peration for food. Population Research Insti- treatment for the hernia unless she agreed to from Kansas (Mr. TIAHRT). tute Review, July/August 1997, pg. 6 Routine medical practices such as evaluat- have a tubal ligation. Population Research In- Mr. TIAHRT. Mr. Chairman, I yield stitute Review, March/April 1997, p. 5 myself such time as I may consume. ing side effects of drugs and providing follow- up checks are ignored. Population Research PERU This amendment is to provide a defi- Institute Review, May/June 1996, p. 5 Many women, including Victoria Vigo nition for the term ‘‘voluntary’’ for or- USAID endorses coercive incentives. Earth Espinoza have been sterilized without con- ganizations which provide family plan- Summit Watch web page on implementation of sent, while others including Maura Castillo ning assistance overseas. the Cairo Conference Programme of Action, Nole and Ernestina Sandoval are sterilized in Certain restrictions already exist on one year after Cairo Report exchange for food. Still other women like this financial aid, and they are that HONDURAS Juana Guiterrez Chero and Celia Ramos Durand have died after forced sterilizations. none of the funds can be used to pay for USAID funds help implement coercive pro- Peru's Family Planning Under Fire: Critics Al- abortions, that none of the funds can gram for experiments with Ovrette, an unap- lege Poor Women are Coerced to Undergo go to organizations which support coer- proved contraceptive pill. Warnings about the Sterilization, by Anthony Faiola, Washington cive abortions or involuntary steriliza- experimental drug's side effects on nursing Post, February 12, 1998 tion, and the programs that are to be mothers were hidden from the women in the Family planning programs use coercion, used are to be totally voluntary. This program. Population Research Institute Re- misinformation and quotas and sterilization-for- does not change any of those current view March/April 1998, p. 3, 7 restrictions. food efforts. Peru's Family Planning Under INDIA Fire: Critics Allege Poor Women are Coerced It does change the definition, but, Family planning programs depend on however, neither the law nor the regu- to Undergo Sterilization, by Anthony Faiola, quotas, targets, bribes and coercion. Popu- Washington Post, February 12, 1998 lations under the United States Agency lation Research Institute Review September/ for International Development or Medical personnel must meet sterilization October 1997, p. 10Ðbased on Washington quotas and surgical staff are insufficiently USAID, those regulations do not define Post article ``Teeming India Engulfed by Soar- the term of ‘‘voluntary.’’ As a result, trained and work under poor conditions. Popu- ing Birthrate: Sterilization Quotas Blasted as lation Research Institute Review, March/April there has been gross violations of Inhumane and Coercive'' August 21, 1994 human rights. 1997, p. 8 USAID funds sterilizations using Quinacrine USAID sponsors family planning billboards Human rights organizations have re- which is illegal in India and scars/burns the signaling to Peruvian women that the family ported that nations across the globe fallopian tubes. Population Research Institute planning methods employed are U.S. sanc- that receive USAID funds are commit- Review July/August, 1997 p. 14 tioned. Alianza Latinoamericana para la ting practices such as bribes to women Conditions are miserable at the USAID Familia, PRESS RELEASEÐFebruary 11, to use experimental chemicals without funded sterilization camps, there are primitive, 1998 warning them of any side effects. They unsanitary conditions and appalling mortality USAID targets local governments with are demanding sterilization quotas rates. Population Research Institute Review quotas as a condition for funding and encour- from health providers which prey on September/October 1997, p. 10Ðbased on ages pharmaceutical companies to push con- poor women and surpass their own Washington Post article ``Teeming India En- traceptives on unsuspecting Filipinos. Popu- means of doing so safely, resulting in gulfed by Soaring Birthrate: Sterilization lation Research Institute Review, March/April death or permanent injury. Quotas Blasted as Inhumane and Coercive'' 1997, p. 5 In Peru, as reported by the New York August 21, 1994 Women are secretly injected with abortifa- Times and other major papers across INDONESIA cient while receiving tetanus vaccines. Popu- the Nation, as my chart indicates, Family planning programs rely on threats lation Research Institute Review, November/ women were coerced into sterilization and intimidation to bring women into the clin- December, 1996, p. 3 and in some cases this resulted in ics. Population Research Institute Review, No- Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance death. This does not change or add any vember/December 1996, p. 11 of my time. restrictions to funds that USAID dis- Studies have shown that IUDs are inserted The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentle- tributes. However, the term ‘‘vol- at gunpoint. Population Research Institute Re- woman from California (Ms. PELOSI) untary’’ is defined, and I believe we can view, November/December 1996, p.11 seek the time in opposition? Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I do not change at least some of these abuses by The programs employ life-threatening deni- oppose the amendment, but I do seek setting guidelines and setting guide- als of treatment and follow up care and offer lines for these countries on how this to control the time. no informed consent. ``From One Day to An- The CHAIRMAN. Without objection, money is distributed. other: Violation of Women's Reproductive and the gentlewoman from California (Ms. Sexual Rights in East Timor'' June 23, 1997, This amendment defines voluntary in PELOSI) will control 5 minutes. the context of participation of popu- by Miranda Sessions, Yale University There was no objection. lation control or family planning KENYA The CHAIRMAN. The Chair recog- projects so that projects shall not use Dr. Stephen Karanja (Karan-ya) has seen nizes the gentlewoman from California quotas, shall not use payment of incen- the following in Kenya family planning clinics: (Ms. PELOSI). tives or bribes, shall not deny any ben- Women are coerced into Norplant implanta- Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I yield efits like food or clothing and will pro- tion and sterilization. Population Research In- myself such time as I may consume. vide full disclosure of the method cho- stitute Review, March/April 1997, p. 4 I can accept the amendment proposed sen for birth control and also make Sterilized women are denied health care for by the gentleman. I think that the in- available any information on family debilitating Complications. Population Re- tentions behind it are good and cer- planning options. search Institute Review, March/April 1997, p. 4 tainly it is a restatement of what we September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H8003 all support, which is voluntary family days of finding any violation of any IUDs after childbirth, often without planning. provisions with this amendment. This, knowledge or consent. Mr. Chairman, I do want to, though, bring up a cou- I think, is an onerous requirement. I these abuses must stop, and that is ex- ple of points about it, because para- think the report should be made, but I actly what this language will help graph 5 of the amendment requires am just saying that the 30 days may or achieve. that each family planning project pro- may not be realistic. I hope we could Mr. Chairman, if this Congress is not vide a reasonable range of options of revisit that in conference. Just for ex- prepared to defend the human rights of methods of family planning, including ample, one family, one health service poor and helpless women in third world natural methods. I think that that is a provider not informing one family nations. Who will? I urge my col- very fine provision in his amendment. planning acceptor of potential health leagues to support the Tiahrt amend- Under current law, the DeConcini risk is a violation. Even if corrected, ment. amendment, which we have discussed the nongovernmental organization Mr. TIAHRT. Mr. Chairman, I yield here before, which is not deleted by manager of the project, a report must myself such time as I may consume be- this amendment, voluntary family still be prepared and filed with the fore yielding my final 30 seconds to my planning projects must offer directly, committee. colleague from New Jersey, to say to either directly, referral or information, I just think it is onerous. It is appro- the gentlewoman from California (Ms. a broad range of family planning meth- priate, but we should talk about what PELOSI) that I would be pleased to work ods and services. The amendment has will work and stay in the spirit of the with the gentlewoman to make some- the effect of requiring that each gentleman’s amendment. thing that would be amenable to both project itself provide a range of family The CHAIRMAN. The time of the of us. planning methods and options. Earlier gentlewoman from California (Ms. Mr. Chairman, I yield the balance of my time to the gentleman from New we were talking about projects overall PELOSI) has expired. must offer a range of family planning Mr. TIAHRT. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 Jersey (Mr. SMITH). Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Chair- methods. But according to the gentle- minutes to the gentlewoman from Mis- man, I thank the gentleman for yield- man’s amendment, it is every single souri (Mrs. EMERSON). ing me this time and for his excellent project must offer a range. In other Mrs. EMERSON. Mr. Chairman, I rise amendment. words, referral information about the today in support of the Tiahrt amend- Mr. Chairman, volunteerism is not availability elsewhere of other family ment. something that is in the eye of the be- planning options. This important amendment is being holder. It needs a definition. We have I am reading the language of the bill. offered today to ensure that inter- heard it is voluntary, what goes on in But simply put, the issue I am bringing national population control programs China. It is not. In many countries, in- up in support of the gentleman’s which currently receive U.S. funding cluding many democracies, there is amendment is that in the natural fam- are administered in a voluntary man- something far less than a voluntary ily planning, other options are not nec- ner. Unfortunately, as we can all see program for family planning. essarily available in their projects. The from the newspaper headlines on this I had a hearing in my Subcommittee gentleman’s amendment does not de- chart, this is not the case in countries on International Operations and lete the DeConcini language, which al- now receiving USAID funding. Human Rights of the Committee on lows natural family planning projects Mr. Chairman, every woman in this International Relations last February to offer that option without offering a Nation has the right to choose, the 25th, and we heard from a doctor, a range of, a reasonable range of options, right to choose whether or not to use whistle-blower who actually worked in methods of family planning, including family planning services, the right to the program in Peru, and he talked natural methods. So I think that we choose which family planning method about how coercion and all kinds of will have to address this issue in con- best serves their personal needs and games and brinkmanship was used to ference, but as I say, I say this rising in values, the right to be fully informed of get women to get tubal ligations support of the amendment, calling at- all methods available, the nature of the against their will. tention to the gentleman to the situa- method chosen, including any health We had two women who were steri- tion that the amendment presents. risks. Mr. Chairman, I believe poor lized against their will. One, bottom I do want to use the balance of my women in poor countries deserve a line, she said, ‘‘They tricked me.’’ Now, time to say that the gentleman’s em- choice, too. we want no part of that. It should be phasis on the word ‘‘voluntary’’ is one Recently, the government of Peru in- voluntary. And I really think the that I think every person in this body stituted national yearly sterilization amendment of the gentleman from supports. International family plan- quotas. In 1998, the government set a Kansas (Mr. TIAHRT) sets a great and ning is very, very important. I believe quota of 22,000 vasectomies and 78,000 valuable service and I urge support for that it does reduce the number of abor- tubal ligations. As my colleagues can it. tions internationally, and that is a see, the number of women targeted is Ms. WOOLSEY. Mr. Chairman, I rise in goal that we all share. three times greater than the target set strong opposition to the Tiahrt amendment to It also is helpful for women to deter- for men. This, of course, is no accident. the foreign operations bill. mine the size and timing of their fami- Everyone knows government en- Each year in the developing world, 600,000 lies and that should not be a matter of forced quotas for population control women die of pregnancy-related complica- coercion but a matter of conscience bureaucracies inevitably lead to tions. Maternal mortality is the largest single and of health and well-being of that women being coerced. In Peru and cause of death among women in their repro- particular family. So certainly invol- other poor nations involuntary steri- ductive years. untary sterilization, et cetera, has no lizations of women has been the result. That is why, Mr. Chairman, our support for place in any family planning projects And in several instances, the proce- reproductive health services becomes more that we would support. In fact, they dure, as the gentleman from Kansas important every day. Voluntary family planning would be repulsive to all of us who sup- (Mr. TIAHRT) said, has been performed services give mothers and families new port international family planning. by butchers in unsanitary conditions, choices and new hopeÐincreasing child sur- Again, the thoughtful Tiahrt amend- which has led to death. Women in poor vival and promoting safe motherhood. Without ment gives us the opportunity to say nations are vulnerable because their our support for international family planning, how many families internationally reproductive health needs are easily women in developing nations will face more have benefited from that and that in exploited by programs which move unwanted pregnancies, more poverty, and our bill, we do support projects which from making family planning available more despair. Georgetown University has played a to making them compulsory. Mr. Chairman, I find it to be extremely ironic role in that provide projects, that pro- that often the same people who would deny b vide natural family planning as their 1845 women in the developing world the choice of means of just that, family planning. In Mexico, hundreds of cases of forced an abortion, would also seek to eliminate our The amendment also requires a re- sterilizations have been documented support for family planning programs that re- port from the administrator within 30 and women routinely are inserted with duce the need for abortion. H8004 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 Without access to safe and affordable family Mr. DEUTSCH. And that is regardless KEDO’s debt situation for a long time planning services, there will be more abor- of going back and forth, from side to and has legislated a solution to it. tions, not fewer. The abortions will be less side? The only unanticipated contingency safe and put more women's lives in danger. The CHAIRMAN. That is correct. here is that the administration does Mr. Chairman, I wish that I were here today That is under the precedents of the not like the Congress’ considered re- to support legislation that would allow our for- House. sponse to the situation, which Congress eign aid dollars to pay for a full range of repro- The gentleman from Louisiana (Mr. passed and the President signed into ductive health services, not just the limited LIVINGSTON) is recognized for 5 minutes law last year. services that get a rightwing seal of approval on his amendment. I would point out that all U.S. assist- every year. Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Chairman, will the ance for KEDO is, by law, subject to But at the very least, we should keep the gentleman yield? the so-called notification or re- doors of more family planning clinics open for Mr. LIVINGSTON. I yield to the gen- programming procedures under which the women who are desperately in need of tleman from New York. the administration must notify the their information and services. This will help (Mr. GILMAN asked and was given congressional authorization and appro- reduce the number of abortions and improve permission to revise and extend his re- priation committees before obligating the lives of women and their children. marks.) those funds. Mr. Chairman, I urge my colleagues to op- Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Chairman, I rise in For many years, under Democratic pose this amendment to the foreign operations support of this amendment and thank and Republican administrations, it has appropriations bill. the gentleman for yielding. been understood that when these proce- The CHAIRMAN. The question is on Mr. Chairman, we are offering an dures apply, objections by any of the the amendment offered by the gen- amendment in response to the apparent relevant committees to the proposed tleman from Kansas (Mr. TIAHRT). determination of the administration to obligation of funds would be honored The question was taken; and the abuse existing law in order to rush $27 by the administration. In this case, Chairman announced that the ayes ap- million in additional U.S. foreign as- both Chairman HELMS and I have been peared to have it. sistance to North Korea within the informed that our objections would not Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I object to next 2 weeks. be honored. This is a dramatic depar- the vote on the ground that a quorum Now, many of our colleagues might ture from long-established practice, a is not present and make the point of wonder why the administration would departure that, if continued, would order that a quorum is not present. choose this moment to rush $27 million jeopardize our ability to continue to The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to House in additional foreign aid to North work with the administration on many Resolution 542, further proceedings on Korea, aid that is to be provided on top sensitive foreign policy issues. the amendment offered by the gen- of $35 million we have already given to This amendment responds to the ad- tleman from Kansas (Mr. TIAHRT) will North Korea so far this year. After all, ministration’s proposal to misuse sec- be postponed. North Korea is a Communist country, tion 451 by repealing that provision of The point of no quorum is considered an official state sponsor of terrorism, law, and also amends section 614 of the withdrawn. and a nation still technically at war Foreign Assistance Act so that the ad- AMENDMENT NO. 4 OFFERED BY MR. LIVINGSTON with our Nation. They just fired a mis- ministration cannot use that provision Mr. LIVINGSTON. Mr. Chairman, I sile across Japan and, according to re- next year to give KEDO more than $35 offer amendment No. 4. cent press reports, have been caught million that was requested by the The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will des- red-handed building an underground fa- President in the fiscal year 1999 budget ignate the amendment. cility intended to conceal illegal nu- submission. The text of the amendment is as fol- clear activities. In closing, let me say that I recog- lows: But I am not here to question today nize the bill before us is not likely to Amendment No. 4 printed in House Report the wisdom of the administration’s pol- be enacted in time to stop the adminis- 105–725 offered by Mr. LIVINGSTON: icy that has turned North Korea into tration’s misusing section 451 this At the end of the bill, insert after the last the largest recipient of United States year. We are, in effect, closing the barn section (preceding the short tile) the follow- foreign aid in East Asia, even before door after the horse has run away. But ing: the extra $27 million the administra- it would be unconscionable to do noth- TITLE VII—ADDITIONAL GENERAL tion wants to rush their way. I am not ing in response to this proposed abuse PROVISIONS here to question the need for the extra of existing law, and, accordingly, I in- AMENDMENTS TO THE FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT $27 million nor the wisdom of the ad- vite support for this amendment. OF 1961 ministration’s timing. But I am here to Mr. LIVINGSTON. Mr. Chairman, I SEC. 701. (a) REPEAL OF CONTINGENCIES PRO- object to their plan to misapply the reserve the balance of my time. VISIONS.— law in order to do all of this. (1) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 5 of part I of the The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentle- Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. One of the legal authorities they plan woman from California (Ms. PELOSI) 2261) is hereby repealed. to use to rush this extra funding to seek the time in opposition? (2) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—(A) Section North Korea is section 451 of the For- Ms. PELOSI. Yes, I do, Mr. Chair- 634A(a) of such Act (22 U.S.C. 2394–1(a)) is eign Assistance Act. That provision al- man. amended in the first sentence by striking lows the President to spend up to $25 The CHAIRMAN. The gentlewoman ‘‘, chapter 5 of part I.’’. million per year on unanticipated con- from California (Ms. PELOSI) is recog- (B) Section 653(a) of such Act (22 U.S.C. tingencies. The administration pro- nized for 5 minutes. 2413(a)) is amended by striking ‘‘451 or’’. (b) SPECIAL AUTHORITIES PROVISION.—Sec- poses to declare that North Korea’s Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, it is tion 614(a)(4)(C) of the Foreign Assistance need for more foreign aid is an unan- with the greatest regard for the distin- Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2364(a)(4)(C)) is amend- ticipated contingency. That, of course, guished chairman of the Committee on ed by striking ‘‘$50,000,000’’ and inserting is observed. International Relations that I reluc- ‘‘$35,000,000’’. KEDO, the international organiza- tantly rise in opposition to his amend- PARLIAMENTARY INQUIRY tion that delivers our aid to Korea is ment. We usually are in more agree- Mr. DEUTSCH. Mr. Chairman, I have deeply in debt. But that is nothing ment than we are today, but I have a parliamentary inquiry. new. This fact was brought to the at- grave concerns that this amendment I was under the impression that we tention of the Committee on Appro- can do real damage. are going from side to side, and the last priations last year, and the Congress I understand that this amendment amendment was offered by the other agreed to insert additional funds in the has come about because of Congress’ side of the aisle. fiscal year 1998 foreign operations bill understandable concerns about the ad- The CHAIRMAN. Members of the for KEDO. The administration did not ministration’s use of the transfer au- committee have precedence for rec- think those extra funds were sufficient. thority to provide assistance to the Ko- ognition, and the chairman of the rel- But we often end up giving the admin- rean Peninsula Energy Development evant committee has additional prece- istration less money than it wants. The Organization. However, I think that dence upon recognition. fact is that Congress has known this amendment severely constrains September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H8005 the use of the section 614 waiver and to nent Select Committee on Intelligence, NATIONAL MILITARY EDUCATION AND TRAIN- end altogether the Secretary’s author- several of the members, I do not see ING’’, after the first dollar amount, insert the ity under section 451. any of them in the room at this time, following: ‘‘(decreased by $1,400,000)’’. These are two extraordinary authori- visited North Korea last year. And by Mr. TORRES (during the reading). ties used judiciously by all administra- that, I do not mean Panmunjom but Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous con- tions, including the present one, to re- into North Korea, to P’yonghang the sent that the amendment be considered spond to urgent and unforeseen foreign capital, and I can certainly firsthand as read and printed in the RECORD. aid requirements. I am particularly agree with the horrible state of affairs. The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection concerned because it is directed at As a member of the Subcommittee on to the request of the gentleman from KEDO specifically, the Korean Energy Foreign Operations, Export Financing California? Development Organization. KEDO’s and Related Programs of the Commit- There was no objection. needs are urgent. tee on Appropriations, I have traveled Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I re- We are well aware of strong opposi- with our chairman and members of the serve a point of order. tion on the other side to KEDO, and committee throughout the world and Let me just see exactly where we are. that debate had appropriately taken have seen poverty everyplace. But the As I understand it, the gentleman place in our committee. I regret enor- poverty of spirit we saw in North from California (Mr. TORRES) has re- mously that the Committee on Rules Korea, the cruelty of the regime, that quested as a member of the committee did not allow my amendment in order, they could sit back while their people that he bring up an amendment that is which would have been a very fair were eating bark and roots and grass, in order by the gentleman from Penn- amendment, which would say none of and yet spend a fortune on the war ma- sylvania (Mr. GOODLING). Is that cor- the funds would go unless the U.S., we chine that is there, because they are rect? ourselves, the United States, could focused and they are militant and they The CHAIRMAN. The Chair would in- confirm that the North Koreans were are irresponsible, it is for those reasons form the gentleman that any Member complying, that we had access to con- that I think we are playing with fire may call up an amendment which has firm the compliance. But the Commit- today when we are trying to tie the been printed in the RECORD. The gen- tee on Rules chose to reject that. Now hands of the administration. tleman from California (Mr. TORRES) as the chairman is coming in with a fur- Once again, the inconsistency of our a member of the committee has called ther hit at the administration on this. colleagues who argue on 907 that we up the amendment which has been I say to the chairman, with all due should not tie the administration’s read. respect on this, that he is playing with hands, and on this very, very dangerous Mr. CALLAHAN. Out of deference to fire. We played with fire in the com- issue, proceed to do just exactly that. the gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. mittee, and this is another step down This is a very serious vote. I urge my GOODLING), I would like to ask, is he that road. And so I urge our colleagues colleagues to vote ‘‘no’’ on the Gilman aware that the gentleman is bringing to oppose the Gilman amendment. amendment. his amendment up at this time? Could Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, will the Mr. LIVINGSTON. Mr. Chairman, I I make that inquiry? gentlewoman yield? urge the support of the amendment. The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman does Ms. PELOSI. I yield to the distin- If 50 years ago we had said to Adolf not state a parliamentary inquiry. guished ranking member of the com- Hitler, ‘‘We will build you a truck Does the gentleman wish to reserve a mittee, the gentleman from Wisconsin. plant if you just promise us that you point of order? Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I think the won’t build any tank plants,’’ I think Mr. CALLAHAN. I reserve a point of House has an obligation here to think people would have thrown us all out of order. not about whether we like or dislike office. That is basically what we are The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman re- the North Korean regime, but what doing with the North Koreans. We are serves a point of order. will most protect the interests of the building them a peaceful nuclear reac- The gentleman from California (Mr. United States. tor in hopes they will not build any TORRES) is recognized for 5 minutes on There is no regime in the world that harmful nuclear reactors or engage in his amendment. is one-tenth as crazy, as wrong, as abu- dangerous missile development. Mr. TORRES. Mr. Chairman, I yield sive, and as dangerous as the North Ko- The fact is they are not even keeping to the gentleman from Massachusetts rean regime. Everybody understands their part of the bargain. They (Mr. KENNEDY). that. But the way to deal with an un- launched a missile over Japan, and this Mr. KENNEDY of Massachusetts. Mr. stable regime, which at any moment administration wants to throw money Chairman, if you could explain to me could take an action which could put at them. The administration got per- the parliamentary procedure to offer a 50,000 American troops at risk, is not to mission from us to spend $15 million. substitute amendment to the Torres eliminate the administration’s flexibil- They then spent $27 million and have amendment. ity in dealing with it. just thrown it at North Korea in the The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman With all due respect, if we are going hope that they will be less dangerous. from California is not able to yield to to leave in the middle of October and This will not happen. another Member for the purpose of of- not be back in session until late Janu- Let us not spend any more money fering an amendment, but for debate ary or February, we cannot afford to and let us not give this waiver author- only. When the gentleman from Cali- have the administration without the ity. I urge adoption of the amendment. fornia has completed his debate, then authority to react to the world. And The CHAIRMAN. The question is on other Members may be recognized and this amendment, in my view, simply the amendment offered by the gen- at that point an amendment to the adds to the reckless nature of the pro- tleman from Louisiana (Mr. LIVING- amendment may be in order. visions already in the bill. STON). The gentleman from California is It is misguided because we do not The amendment was agreed to. recognized on his amendment. like certain folks, if we take away our b 1900 Mr. TORRES. Mr. Chairman, I want own tools in protecting our national to begin my remarks as I started out interest in dealing with those folks. I AMENDMENT NO. 17 OFFERED BY MR. TORRES earlier by thanking the gentleman do not think it is an either wise or re- Mr. TORRES. Mr. Chairman, I offer from Alabama (Mr. CALLAHAN) for his sponsible thing to do and I would urge an amendment. ongoing efforts to working with me on opposition. The Clerk read as follows: funding for the School of the Americas Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, reclaim- Amendment No. 17 offered by Mr. TORRES: provided in the foreign operations bill. ing my time, and following on the re- In title II, in the item relating to ‘‘OTHER I would point out that this year’s bill marks of our distinguished ranking BILATERAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE, ECONOMIC contains similar language to what we SUPPORT FUND’’, after the first dollar member, I want to say that I share the amount, insert the following: ‘‘(decreased by adopted last year conditioning funding concerns that our colleagues have $14,000,000)’’. for the school on a certification report about the irresponsibility of the North In title III, in the item relating to ‘‘FUNDS to be presented in January of 1999. Korean regime. Members of the Perma- APPROPRIATED TO THE PRESIDENT, INTER- Now, one positive outcome of last H8006 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 year’s requirements is the establish- in Colombia. Paramilitary organiza- Gen. Hernan Jose Guzma´ n Rodre´guez.— ment of screening procedures at U.S. tions operating with the complicity or Dismissed by President Samper in 1994 in an embassies for all candidates to U.S. even direct support of the armed forces overhaul of military leadership to root out corruption and drug trafficking (Reuters, 11/ military training programs, including were responsible for 60 percent of those 22/94), Guzma´ n was alleged to protect and aid the School of the Americas. Our em- killings. A definitive human rights re- the paramilitary death squad MAS between bassy personnel are now required to do port reveals that an astounding 124 out 1987 and 1990, when it was responsible for at a double-check of the candidates once of 247 military personnel, that is 50 per- least 149 killings. He also commanded the the host country has done an initial cent, 50 percent of Colombian officials soldiers who tortured, gang raped and exe- screening. The new screening process if responsible for human rights violations cuted Yolanda Acevedo Carvajal in 1986 (also carried out properly can certainly were graduates of the school. Mr. implicated was SOA graduate 1st Lt. Samuel prove valuable to weed out those indi- Lesmes Castro, 1984, Cadet Arms Orienta- Chairman, that is not just a bunch of tion). (Organization Mundial contra la viduals with questionable backgrounds. bad apples. Tortura, et al., El Terrorismo de Estado en Yet I am compelled today with my col- Mr. Chairman, I include in my re- Colombia, 1992) In 1993, after these crimes, leagues the gentleman from Massachu- marks the list of those officers. Guzma´ n was added to the SOA ‘‘Hall of setts (Mr. KENNEDY) and the gentleman The document referred to is as fol- Fame.’’ (1969, Maintenance Orientation) from Illinois (Mr. YATES) to offer this lows: Cpt. Gilberto Ibarra.—Used 3 peasant chil- dren in February 1992 to walk in front of his amendment to prohibit any of the THE SCHOOL OF THE AMERICAS AND COLOMBIA: funds in this bill to be used for the patrol to detonate mines. Two were killed; A DISHONOR ROLL one was seriously wounded. (U.S. Committee school. Colombia’s SOA graduates feature some of for Refugees, Feeding the Tiger, Colombia’s I was disappointed in the certifi- the principal architects of military-para- Internally Displaced, 1993) (1983, Cadet Arms cation report presented this past Janu- military collaboration that fuels much of the Orientation) ary wherein the Defense Department violence in the escalating human rights cri- Segovia Massacre.—Nine SOA graduates contended that the conditions to allow sis in Colombia today. Over 3500 people were were implicated in the 1988 massacre at funding to the school had been met. killed for political reasons in 1997; while the Segovia, in which 43 people died, including Those conditions had resulted from a violence originates from all sides, several children. (Capt. Gilberto Alzate paramilitaries were responsible for 69% of Alzate, 1983, Cadet Arms Orientation; Henry sustained public outcry from our con- these killings last year, according to the Borda, who was issued an arrest warrant for stituents over the human rights track State Department. Paramilitary organiza- his failure to prevent the massacre, 1980, record of the School of the Americas’ tions operate frequently with the complicity, Cadet Arms Orientation; Major Luis Roberto graduates and revelations that the and in some regions the direct support, of Garcia Ronderos, 1983, Patrol Operations; 1st school taught techniques that violated the armed forces. A shocking 124 out of 247 Lt. Edgardo Herna´ ndez Navarro, 1985, Com- human rights. Unfortunately the cer- military personnel—50 percent—cited in the bat Arms Orientation; Gen. Rau´ l Rojas tification report revealed a lack of un- definitive work on Colombian officials re- Cubillos, 1971, Special Maintenance Orienta- tion; Capt. Luis Fernando Rojas Espinoza, derstanding on the part of the military sponsible for human rights violations (El Terrorismo de Estado en Colombia), were 1984, Cadet Arms Orientation; 1st Lt. Carlos establishment on the depth of the SOA graduates. Some Colombians implicated Eduardo Santacruz Estrada, 1983, Cadet human rights concerns surrounding the in severe human rights violations were fea- Arms Orientation; Capt. Hugo Alberto Va- school and a lack of commitment, if tured as guest speakers or instructors or in- lencia Vivas, 1980, Cadet Arms Orientation.) you will, to improve the school’s teach- cluded in the ‘‘Hall of Fame’’ at the SOA (El Terrorismo de Estado en Colombia) ing. after their involvement in such crimes. The Trujillo ‘‘Chainsaw’’ Massacres.—Three Has the School of the Americas re- list below is only a small sample of Colom- SOA graduates were implicated in the grue- formed? Well, I see there are few bian SOA graduates involved in horrific some Trujillo massacres, in which from 1988– human rights abuses. The abuses continue. 91, at least 107 prisoners of the village of changes in the school’s standard cur- Trujillo were tortured and murdered—Col. riculum. Most students continue to get Pauxelino Latorre Gamboa.—Commander of the Twentieth Brigade when it was impli- Alirio Antonio Uruen˜ a Jaramillo (1976, Small only a mandatory four hours of human cated in the murders of three human rights Unit Infantry Tactics), Col. Roberto rights training in the courses that defenders in 1998. The Twentieth Brigade was Herna´ ndez Herna´ ndez (1970, Automotive range from eight days to 47 weeks. just disbanded in late May by the Colombian Maintenance Officer; 1976, Small Unit Infan- There are continuing problems in the government because of its involvement in try Tactics) and General Eduardo Plata ˜ oversight of the curriculum because these and other grave human rights viola- Quinones (1977, Command and General Staff College, distinguished graduate; 1969, Main- there is still no adequate external eval- tions. Information provided by troops under his command led to the May 1998 illegal as- tenance Orientation). One eyewitness said uation of the current curriculum. Most Uruen˜ a tortured prisoners, including elderly of the curriculum evaluations are done sault on the offices of the Catholic human rights group, Justice and Peace (Justicia y women, with water hoses, stuffed them into by subject matter experts, which are Paz). In this raid, soldiers held guns to the coffee sacks, and chopped them to pieces ˜ the instructors for the course that they heads of nuns and other workers, forcing with a chainsaw. Uruena was dismissed from ˜ are responsible for reviewing. Further- them to kneel on the ground while soldiers the army in 1995. Quinones is believed at a minimum to have been involved in the cover- more, there is a blatant admission by ransacked office files. (1980, Commando Oper- up. (AP, 2/7/95; El Terrorismo de Estado en Co- the Defense Department that it has no ations) Gen. Mario Hugo Galan.—Just in the news lombia.) intentions of monitoring the school. Riofrio Massacre. Alfonso Vega Garzon for calling Human Rights Watch/Americas These days, most government pro- (1989, Cadet Artillery Orientation) allegedly director Jose Miguel Vivanco and a Washing- grams are scrutinized for performance took part in the 1993 Riofrio massacre and ton Post reporter ‘‘enemies of the people’’ was charged by the Attorney General’s Office measurements and results. Unlike for reporting that the Twentieth Brigade was other universities which are private in- on 12/6/94 (El Espectador, 12/6/94). Jesus Maria being investigated in connection with the Vergara was commander of the Third Divi- stitutions, the School of the Americas, murders of human rights defenders. Such a sion when troops under his command com- a government, tax-funded institution, label is tantamount to a death threat. (1971, mitted the Riofrio massacre. He took part in must be accountable to the U.S. tax- course #0–26) the subsequent coverup. (Special Mainte- payer and judged by measurable re- Gen. (Ret.) Farouk Yanine Diaz.—Former nance Orientation, 1971) sults. By refusing to monitor its grad- commander of the army’s Second Division in Chucuri Paramilitaries. Four out of seven Bucaramanga, Yanine ‘‘was accused of estab- uates, the School of the Americas de- officers charged by human rights delegate lishing and expanding paramilitary death for the armed forces in November 1992 for nies the taxpayers that right. squads in the Middle Magdalena region, as Mr. Chairman, in addition, new links their role in organizing paramilitaries in the well as ordering dozens of disappearances, Chucuri region were trained in the SOA. between human rights violations and multiple large-scale massacres, and the kill- (Human Rights Watch, Colombia’s Killer Net- the School of the Americas graduates ing of judges and court personnel sent to in- works, 1996, p. 81.) (General Carlos Gil Colo- have been identified. In particular, the vestigate previous crimes.’’ (State Dept. rado, Course #0–6, 1969; Capt. Gilberto Ibarra graduates of the school from Colombia. Human Rights Report for 1997) (1991, 1990, Mendoza, Cadet Arms Orientation, 1983; They are some of the principal archi- guest speaker at the SOA; 1969, Maintenance Capt. Orlando Pulido, Cadet Branch Orienta- tects of military-paramilitary collabo- Orientation.) Yanine’s SOA guest appear- tion, 1983; Lt. Francisco Javier Corrales, ances occurred after his alleged involvement Cadet Arms Orientation, 1987) ration that fuel the escalating viola- in crimes such as the 1988 Uraba´ massacre of Enrique Camacho Jimenez. Attorney Gen- tions in Colombia today. The statistics 20 banana workers, the 1987 assassination of eral’s office issued a warrant for his arrest in are staggering. Last year, over 3,500 the mayor of Sabana de Torres, and the 1987 connection with the formation of para- people were killed for political reasons massacre of 19 businessmen. military groups that kidnapped and killed September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H8007 five peasants (El Espectador, 12/23/94). (1985, Col. Rito Alejo as commander of the 17th great progress in promoting demo- Cadet Arms Orientation) Brigade in Uraba´ during the mid-1990s facili- cratic values and respect for human 1st Lt. Luis Enrique Andrade Ortiz.—Al- tated one of the most ruthless paramilitary rights through intensive interaction at leged to be intellectual author of a 1989 para- campaigns in the country. Believed to be one all levels with the defense establish- military massacre of a judicial commission, of the Colombians recently denied a visa by in which 12 officials, including 2 judges, were the United States. (Washington Office on ments of the region. The Defense Min- killed; they were investigating military– Latin America, ‘‘Human Rights Advocates isterial of the Americas, senior bilat- paramilitary cooperation (also implicated Under Attack in Colombia,’’ 1997) (1967, eral meetings, joint staff talks, and was fellow SOA grad. Col. Ramo´ n de Jesus Cadet Orientation Course) service chiefs’ conferences convey our Santander Fuentes, 1986, Command and Gen- Capt. Juan C. Alvarez.—As commander of concerns at the highest levels.’’ eral Staff); implicated in Ramirez family the Barrancabermeja intelligence network, So here we have the man that the massacre, 1986, and other murders. (El Alvarez is alleged to have given the orders to President has put in charge of the na- Terrorismo de Estado en Colombia) (1983, Cadet paramilitaries to carry out killings. Dozens tional defense telling us that this is Arms Orientation) of murders of local citizens were attributed Victor Bernal Castan˜ o—Colombian legisla- very critical. Now, he is talking about to the network during 1991–2. (Human Rights the School of the Americas. If he knew ture asserts that Bernal Castan˜ o was en- Watch, Colombia’s Killer Networks, 1996, pp. rolled at the SOA to avoid having to answer 30–41.) (1987, Psychological Operations) tonight that we were talking about re- to investigator about the Fusagasuga mas- In 1997, 99 Colombians were trained at the ducing the funding for IMET training, sacre of a peasant family. (Charles Call, School of the Americas; Colombia was num- which is the fund that trains military Miami Herald, 9/9/92). (Command and General ber 3 of countries sending the most students people all over the world so we do need Staff, 1992; made ‘‘Chief of Course’’) to the school that year. 1st Lt. Pedro Nei Acosta Gaivis.—Ordered to engage in any encounter that the the massacre of 11 campesinos, 1990. (El This list, of almost 40 high-ranking people who are fighting alongside our Terrorismo del Estado en Colombia) (Cadet Arms Colombian military officers who at- soldiers and sailors will know exactly Orientation, 1986) tended the school have been linked to what we are doing. They will know our Capt. Carlos Javier Arenas Jimenez.—Par- murders, assassinations, disappear- methodology. I think it is a very seri- ticipated in the detention and torture of 19 ances, massacres, tortures, rapes, et ous mistake. individuals in June 1988. (El Terrorismo de cetera, et cetera of Colombian civil- I know where the gentleman is com- Estado en Colombia) (1987, Cadet Arms Ori- ing from and I know where the gen- entation) ians. One of the most notorious grad- Major Alejandro de Jesus Alvarez Henao.— uates is the commander of Colombia’s tleman from Massachusetts (Mr. KEN- Principal member of ‘‘Muerte a infamous 20th Brigade which was im- NEDY) is coming from. But the amend- Secuestradores’’ (MAS), a paramilitary plicated in February of 1998, this year, ment before us tonight is simply say- death squad responsible for numerous assas- for the murders of three human rights ing we reduce the IMET training appro- sinations and disappearances (El Terrorismo activists. priation by a total of $750,000. So even de Estado en Colombia)(1984, Joint Operations) The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman with this amendment, it would not Capt. Hector Alirio Forero Quintero.— deny the Administration the ability to Commanded a patrol that disappeared 4 peo- from Alabama insist upon his point of ple on Feb. 11, 1988. On the same day, he him- order? spend the rest of the IMET training on self detained 2 more individuals and tortured Mr. CALLAHAN. No, Mr. Chairman, I the School of the Americas, so you are them with the help of fellow SOA graduate am going to remove my reservation of not really accomplishing your purpose. Carlos Morales del Rı´o. (El Terrorismo de a point of order. I just think if you looked at the Estado en Colombia) (1977, Small Unit Infan- Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the School of the Americas, and I know all try Tactics) last word. of the horrible history that the Jesuit Gen. Ramon Emilio Gil Bermudez.—Dis- priests have told me about, question- missed from his position as commander of The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman Colombian Armed Forces in November 1994 from Alabama is recognized for 5 min- able curriculum at the School of the in an effort by President Samper to root out utes. Americas, but I sent my staff down corruption and drug trafficking among the Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, a there, and we checked the curriculum, armed forces (Reuters, 11/22/94), Gil is alleged part of my request is to delay the proc- and I have conveyed to them that if to have established, protected, and partici- ess until we can give the gentleman anyone anywhere can show me one iota pated in the activities of the MAS death of a textbook that teaches soldiers to squad. (In 1988, after his alleged death squad from Pennsylvania (Mr. GOODLING), who is the principal sponsor of the go back to their countries and violate involvement, was guest speaker at SOA; 1969, human rights, I personally will do ev- Maintenance Orientation.) original amendment, an opportunity to Gen. Marino Gutierrez Isaza.—Implicated come to the floor and explain what his erything I can to shut it down. But in the killing of Gustavo Albeiro Munoz original amendment did. Based upon that is not the case. I think we should continue the Hurtado in May 1982. (Guest instructor, 1985– what I am reading here, I do not think School of the Americas. At this point I 86; 1973, Military Police Intelligence) I am really going to object to his Major Jorge Lazaro Vergel.—Aguachica think we ought to have a full debate. military commander who, according to a 1995 amendment, as far as final passage is Mr. LIVINGSTON. Mr. Chairman, police investigation, organized local concerned. But I do think we ought to will the gentleman yield? paramilitaries. In June 1995, paramilitaries take this time, especially since the Mr. CALLAHAN. I yield to the gen- under his command carried out the Puerto gentleman from Pennsylvania is not tleman from Louisiana. Patin˜ o massacre, in which 8 people in a vil- here to defend his original amendment, Mr. LIVINGSTON. I am advised that lage were executed. (Human Rights Watch, we ought to take this time to talk Jeffrey Dahmer, the human cannibal Colombia’s Killer Networks, 1996, pp. 48–51.) about the merits or demerits of the (1981, Cadet Arms Orientation.) from the Midwest who is now long past Gen. Jaime Ruiz Barera.—Implicated in School of the Americas. this life, was a graduate of Ohio State. the assassination of Colombia’s Attorney I for one agree with the Secretary of By the reasoning of the minority, we General Carlos Mauro Hoyos in 1988 and al- Defense who has contacted me as late would close down Ohio State because of leged to have ordered the assassination and as this afternoon and told me how Jeffrey Dahmer. torture of Claudio Medina Caycedo in 1979 (El very, very important IMET training is Mr. CALLAHAN. I know that, if I Terrorismo de Estado en Colombia) (Attended to our national defense. No more than may reclaim my time, you are not SOA after assassination of attorney general, I want to interfere with the Secretary going to believe this, Mr. Chairman, 1970, Military Intelligence) Gen. Luis Bernardo Urbina Sanchez.—Im- of State’s ability to have an effective but I imagine even some graduates of plicated in paramilitary death squad activ- foreign policy, do I want to do any- the University of Alabama have com- ity, 1988–89; in the assassination of Amparo thing, and especially in a bill with my mitted some atrocious crimes. But we Tordecilla, 1989 and Union Patriotica mem- name on it, that would deny the Sec- ought not shut down the University of ber Alvaro Garces Parra; in ordering the de- retary of Defense the funds to effec- Alabama because of that. Now, when tention, torture and assassination of Mario tively have a national defense, and they play Auburn University, it is dif- Alexander Grandados Plazas, 1987; in the dis- that is precisely what he tells me. ferent. Maybe they ought to be dis- appearance of William Camacho Barajas and He tells me that the U.S. Army advantaged, because my kids now at- Orlando Garcia Gonzalez, 1986. (El Terrorismo School of the Americas ‘‘continues to de Estado en Colombia) (1985, Command and tend Auburn University and I have sort General Staff College) be a key asset for pursuing our na- of had a transfer of allegiances there. Col. Rito Alejo Del Rio Rojas.—Recently tional security strategy in Latin Amer- But I do think, the gentleman from promoted to commander of the Bogota area, ica,’’ for example. ‘‘We have made Pennsylvania (Mr. GOODLING) ought to H8008 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 be able to defend the substitute that ask unanimous consent that the Here are the facts: has been offered to his amendment and, amendment offered as a substitute for The commander of Colombia’s 20th I would encourage Members of the the amendment be considered as read Brigade was linked to the murder of 3 House to take heed to the Secretary of and printed in the RECORD. human rights’ workers earlier this Defense, who has asked us today, The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection year. please, do not cut these funds. to the request of the gentleman from A fellow Colombian SOA graduate THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE, Massachusetts? forced 3 peasant children to act as DEFENSE PENTAGON, There was no objection. human minesweepers, and 2 died when Washington, DC, September 17, 1998. Mr. KENNEDY of Massachusetts. Mr. they stepped on explosives. Hon. SONNY CALLAHAN, Chairman, first of all I want to say a Journalist Richard Velez testified on Chairman, Subcommittee on Foreign Oper- few words about the individuals who ations, Export Financing and Related Pro- Capitol Hill that he was beaten by are also cosponsoring and have initi- troops under the command of another grams, U.S. House of Representatives, ated this amendment at other times, Washington, DC. SOA graduate, where he was recording DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: Earlier this year in and that is my good friend the gen- footage of soldiers striking a peasant fulfillment of the Foreign Operations, Ex- tleman from California (Mr. TORRES) demonstrator with a rifle butt. port Financing and Related Programs Appro- who himself has dedicated his life to The Guatemalan bishop issued a re- priations Act for Fiscal Year 1998. I for- improving the lives of not only His- port linking the School of the Ameri- warded a letter and report to Congress on the panic Americans here in the United cas’ graduates with some of the worst U.S. Army School of the Americas. That re- States but Hispanic Americans abuses in that country. port explained how we are ensuring that the throughout the hemisphere. He has school is providing the kind of instruction In Mexico, an SOA graduate com- worked extensively throughout Latin the American people expect from its mili- manded the troops who committed the America, he has been involved in our tary services. As I wrote you then, the in- 1994 Chiapas massacre. own military in that region, and he is struction and training provided by the Defenders of the school have taken a a very, very strong supporter with School of the Americas is fully consistent page right out of the psyops manual with the training and doctrine, particularly great credentials to say that the fund- and come forward with another ration- with respect to the observance of human ing for the School of the Americas rights, provided by the Department of De- should come to an end. ale to keep the school open. It is called fense to our own military students. I am also joined by my friend and our counternarcotics. But dressing up the The U.S. Army School of the Americas school in a new uniform will not fool continues to be a key asset for pursuing our most senior colleague the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. YATES) although you anyone. The fact is that only 75 of the national security strategy in Latin America. 981 students, less than 10 percent, took We have made great progress in promoting would never know that by looking at democratic values and respect for human him. He, too, has had a distinguished the counternarcotics operation course. rights through intensive interaction at all record of standing up for the poor and Mexico, a major transshipment point levels with the defense establishments of the for people that are voiceless in our for drugs headed to the United States, region. The Defense Ministerial of the Amer- world. I am honored to have him join trains more military personnel than icas, senior bilateral meetings, joint staff with us this evening to declare that any other nation at the SOA. A full talks, and service chiefs’ conferences convey once and for all, school is out for the third of last year’s student body came our concerns at the highest levels. However, from Mexico, but only 10 percent of the it is through our interaction with lower level School of the Americas. officers, noncommissioned officer and sol- Defenders of the school used to claim Mexican officers took the counter- diers that we make our biggest impact over that they did not teach human rights narcotics operations course. the long run, and the School of the Americas abuses. But then a set of torture manu- Defenders of the school cite the is one of the best ways to reach them. Stu- als were found in the curriculum. De- SOA’s new-found commitment to dents of the school return to operational fenders of the school used to claim that human rights, but let us look at that. units and put the lessons they have learned they taught our allies to respect That commitment extends to a single about professionalism, subordination to ci- 4-hour mandatory human rights course vilian leadership, and respect for human human rights. But then one of the in- rights to immediate use. These are the peo- structors came forward and said that which includes a slide show, a movie ple that will lead the military institutions of the courses were a joke. Defenders of and a quiz. The SOA curriculum does the future. the school used to claim that the include a 2-week elective human rights I hope that you will support our efforts to School of the Americas should not be train-the-trainer qualification course, maintain the U.S. Army School of the Amer- shut down just because a few bad ap- but not a single student has ever both- icas as viable asset in meeting our national ples had attended the school, like con- ered to sign up for it. goals and objectives in Latin America. I reit- Defenders of the school say it has erate my commitment to the Congress and victed drug dealer Manuel Noriega of to the American people that the School of Panama or El Salvador death squad cleaned up its act, but how do we the Americas is and will continue to be a leader Roberto D’Aubuisson. But it is know? There is absolutely no tracking professional U.S. military institution, dedi- not just a few bad apples. It is enough of graduates to measure whether or not cated to the goals of improving military pro- of the barrel to say the whole thing is our foreign policy goals are being met fessionalism, encouraging regional coopera- rotten. by the school or whether or not the tion, supporting democratic ideals and prin- b 1915 human rights training is making any ciples, and promoting respect for human impression at all. rights. Here are the facts: Mr. Chairman, I rise today not only Sincerely, The School of the Americas’ grad- BILL COHEN. in the name of peace and justice, but in uates include 19 of the 26 El Salvadoran the memory of all of those who are not AMENDMENT OFFERED BY MR. KENNEDY OF MAS- officers accused of the 1989 murders of present to speak out today against the SACHUSETTS AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR AMEND- four Jesuit priests, school: the victims of these massacres; MENT NO. 17 OFFERED BY MR. TORRES 10 out of the 12 El Salvadoran officers Mr. KENNEDY of Massachusetts. Mr. cited for the El Mozote massacre of 900 the disappeared; those who have been Chairman, I offer an amendment as a civilians; cowed into silence. We will not be si- substitute for the amendment. 2 out of the 3 officers responsible for lenced. Let us defeat the School of the The Clerk read as follows: the assassination of Archbishop Ro- Americas. Amendment offered by Mr. KENNEDY of mero; Mr. GOODLING. Mr. Chairman, I Massachusetts as a substitute for amend- 124 out of the 247 Colombian officers move to strike the last word. ment No. 17 offered by Mr. TORRES: cited in the definitive work on the Co- Mr. Chairman, let me say that I am In lieu of the matter proposed add the fol- totally offended that someone would lowing: lombian human rights abuses; ‘‘In Title III, in the item relating to 6 Peruvian officers involved in the come to this floor and attempt to take ‘‘Funds Appropriated to the President, Inter- murders of 9 students and a professor; my amendment and totally distort it national Military Education and Training’’ 3 top leaders of the fearsome Guate- for whatever purpose they had in mind. after the first dollar amount, insert the fol- malan military intelligence unit, D–2. I have been working on this issue for lowing: ‘‘ ‘(decreased by $756,000)’,’’ Defenders of the school say that the probably 5 or 6 years. Last time, in Mr. KENNEDY of Massachusetts abuses have ended, but that just is not fact, my amendment passed unani- (during the reading). Mr. Chairman, I the case. mously. September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H8009 What I do in my amendment is tell to make and could make strictly on have seen the human pain, for far too the American people that we will not their own and have nothing to do with long to tolerate it. spend their hard-earned tax dollars by my amendment. So it seems to me that these gentle- sending military aid to 6 countries that Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I move to men should not be condemned, they cannot even support us 25 percent of strike the requisite number of words. I should be congratulated for enabling the time in the General Assembly in rise in support of the substitute the House to reach a vote on this issue, the United Nations. Cannot even sup- amendment. even though the rules were contrived port us 25 percent of the time. In other Mr. Chairman, I understand the frus- to prevent it in the first place. words, their idea about life and about tration of the Member who just spoke, Mr. Chairman, I yield to the gen- human rights and about all those but I will point out, those of us on this tleman from Illinois (Mr. YATES). things that we hold near and dear in side of the aisle did not vote for the Mr. YATES. Mr. Chairman, I join in this country, their idea is totally oppo- rule that required this procedure. They the amendment to close the school. site. Yet we ask our taxpayers to con- did. We asked them not to. They Closing the school would go a long way stantly send them money. brought a rule to the floor which vio- to dispel the perception that the I do not touch humanitarian aid, I do lated agreements which were made United States only supports military not touch developmental aid, because with the ranking Democratic member juntas in Latin America. maybe there is some hope with both of of the subcommittee on how amend- By a strange trick of fate, Mr. Chair- those to try to do something about ments would be dealt with on family man, this bill contains funds for two their violations of human rights. But planning. They brought a rule to the kinds of messengers that are sent by now we are trying to turn this all floor which established a 5-hour cap on the United States to Latin America. around and say, well, these specific all debates, so that if one amendment We are sending the graduates of this countries have something to do with took longer than it should, other peo- school who go down there to act as dic- human rights violations. It has nothing ple would be squeezed out and would tators and violate the human rights of related to my amendment, which deals not be able to offer theirs. And then the people of the countries to which with their ability to support us in the when the gentleman from California they are sent. We are also sending the United Nations 25 percent of the time. (Mr. TORRES) did precisely what the Peace Corps to build up the countries, To me it is just a total unbelievable gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. to educate the people, to foster the miscarriage of what we normally would GOODLING) asked, said that he should best interests of the people of the coun- think of camaraderie, I suppose, in the have done, he tried to offer his amend- try. In which group do we believe? And Congress of the United States. ment on the School for Americas, and which is better for the country? Again, when I began this crusade, he was precluded from doing so because I think the school should be closed. there were 30-some nations who could of the nature of the rule. The $15 million that this bill would not vote with us 25 percent of the time So what happened was that the gen- have included ought to be made avail- because their beliefs were so opposite tleman from California (Mr. TORRES) able for the Peace Corps, and it would of what we believe in the United and the gentleman from Massachusetts be better for the countries they serve. States, and that is fine. That is fine for (Mr. KENNEDY) were left with no choice So I say, Mr. Chairman, let us close them. But we do not spend U.S. dollars, but to use the rule that they imposed the school because of the history of we do not spend tax dollars to support on us to enable us to debate this issue, what has happened and is still happen- those violations. and the reason we did it is because this ing down there. Thirty-some nations, when I first amendment goes to the core values of Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield to began this crusade; we are now down to what it means to be an American. the gentlewoman from New York (Mrs. 6. And again, I am totally offended that What it means to be an American is LOWEY). we would take my amendment, distort not to support a school for the Ameri- Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Chairman, I rise in it, use it for some other purpose totally cas that produces some of the biggest strong support of the Torres-Kennedy different than what I had intended in butchers who have reigned in Central amendment which would help us close the first place. America or Latin America. the U.S. Army School of the Americas I am looking at taxpayers’ dollars, Mr. Chairman, the gentleman has once and for all. taxpayers’ dollars that we are collect- had his time, and I would be happy to The School of the Americas has ing to send to nations and send mili- yield to him after I make my point, but taught some of the most ruthless dic- tary aid to nations that cannot even the gentleman said his piece and I am tators in Latin America to torture support us 25 percent of the time in our going to say mine. their opponents, censor their press, in- deliberations in the United Nations. This bill should never have come to timidate their citizens. It must be shut That is a real tragedy. Americans the floor under this rule. In my view, it down. should be incensed, and Americans are is absurd to allow any Member of the The CHAIRMAN. The time of the incensed, and that is exactly why the House to offer an amendment put into gentleman from Wisconsin (Mr. OBEY) last time the legislation passed unani- the RECORD by someone else. But they has expired. mously; not a distortion of the amend- passed that rule, we did not. We are Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I ask ment, not what someone else wanted to simply operating under the rule, the unanimous consent to proceed for an present, and I am not sure why they only rule that they gave us, and we additional 2 minutes. did not present it on their own, but a found a way, using their rules, to get The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection distortion of my amendment. the amendment onto the floor which to the request of the gentleman from And I cannot emphasize enough, the goes to America’s core values. Wisconsin? American people watch our delibera- And so the question is: Do my col- Objection is heard. tion, American people want to give hu- leagues want to continue to provide fi- b manitarian aid, humanitarian aid and nancial support for a school which has 1930 developmental aid to countries. They a track record which would embarrass Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Chairman, I move do not wish that we send military aid any decent American who is concerned to strike the requisite number of if, as a matter of fact, everything they about human rights? When this school words. do is totally opposite of the beliefs that produces people like D’Aubuisson, who (Mrs. LOWEY asked and was given we have in this country. goes on national television in El Sal- permission to revise and extend her re- And so again I cannot emphasize vador and publicly threatens the life of marks.) enough: Do not somehow or other re- the American Ambassador there, it is Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Chairman, as I late this amendment to a good faith ef- time to question whether that school said, the school, in my judgment, must fort to make sure that the 6 remaining, has a curriculum worth teaching. be shut down, but the issue of what to the 6 remaining countries that we are We have heard for years they are do with the School of the Americas now down to, and take them off the hot cleaning up their operation. We have goes well beyond the deplorable actions seat and somehow or other distort that seen the results, we have seen the of the school and right to the heart of by some other effort that others want blood, we have seen the torture, we the United States foreign policy. H8010 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 The question before us today is close that school. They could not un- the region would not be affected by this whether the United States has a moral derstand how we, the world’s greatest amendment. responsibility to encourage other gov- defender of human rights, could sup- These programs are by far the central part ernments to respect human rights and port such an institution of terror. They of the U.S. relationship with Latin American democracy. Are human rights and de- could not understand how the United militaries. mocracy just catch phrases we use, or States could run such a school that was The Pentagon's National Defense University are they basic principles that we de- responsible for the deaths of so many recently opened a Center for Hemispheric mand of every Nation? of their brothers and so many of their Studies right here in Washington, DC, to train We must in my judgment demand sisters. Unfortunately, Mr. Chairman, I Latin American officers in civil-military relation- human rights and democracy, in name did not have an answer for these good ships. and in practice, from our own military people, but I did pledge to them that I In brief, our relationships with Latin Amer- and all of our neighbors. That is why would work to speak the truth about ican militaries will not falter by prohibiting any the School of the Americas is an af- the School of the Americas. funds in this bill from going to the School of front to everything that the United Mr. Chairman, since that time, every the Americas. States foreign policy should be about. time I hear of another brutal massacre Our relationship with the people of Latin That is why we must close the school. or egregious abuse of human rights in America, however, who have been so gravely Fifty years ago, the School of the Latin America, the School of the harmed by so many students and graduates of Americas was opened with the goal of Americas graduates are involved. It is the School of the Americas, will be greatly en- improving United States ties to Latin almost uncanny how often we discover hanced. I know many of my colleagues have been American militaries. The idea was to these graduates planned the killings, told that the abuses of the School are in the educate our neighbors to the south covered up the truth, and pulled the past. That simply is not true. Just this year, in about Democratic civilian control of triggers. 1998, three human rights advocates were the military. But over the last few dec- Mr. Chairman, do not just take my murdered in Colombia. The Twentieth Brigade, ades, we started to hear reports of what word for it. Open up any newspaper and commanded by a graduate of the School of was actually being taught there. Words read about what is going on in Mexico’s the Americas, is deeply implicated in these like torture, beating, and execution Chiapas region; read about what is murders. were increasingly being associated going on in Colombia; read about what And so our history of being partners in the with the school’s courses. is going on in Guatemala. Time and murder of the very best, the most democratic, Then, some of the school’s most dis- time again, School of the Americas’ the most humanitarian Latin American citizens tinguished graduates started to turn up graduates are killing their own people, goes on. Thanks to the School of the Ameri- in high positions in Latin American and we are responsible for their train- cas. governments. People like Panama’s ing. The School refuses to review and evaluate drug-dealing dictator Manuel Noriega, Mr. Chairman, I could go on and on, the conduct of its graduates. My esteemed now serving time in a United States but all I ask is please, it is time to colleague, the gentleman from California, Mr. prison on a drug conviction; and Ro- close the school. TORRES, has requested such information and berto D’Aubuisson, who organized Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Chairman, reclaim- has been told the Pentagon will not undertake many of El Salvador’s notorious death ing my time, I yield to the gentleman such a survey. The School does not want to squads. from Massachusetts (Mr. MCGOVERN). know what its students and graduates are up In response, many of us have been (Mr. MCGOVERN asked and was to. calling for the school to shut down. given permission to revise and extend But let me be clear, the School cannot es- Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Chairman, will his remarks.) cape its past, and it cannot escape its present. the gentlewoman yield? Mr. MCGOVERN. Mr. Chairman, I The past is very much alive in the people of Mrs. LOWEY. I yield to the gen- thank the gentlewoman for yielding to Latin America. The past is very much alive in tleman from Massachusetts. me. the hearts and minds and souls of the families Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Chairman, I rise I just want to associate myself with and friends and colleagues of those who have to support my colleagues’ efforts to cut the remarks of my colleague, the gen- been murdered, disappeared, tortured and funding for the Army’s School of the tleman from Massachusetts (Mr. Moak- abused by students trained by the School of Americas. It is time to close that insti- ley) who did a tremendous job in lead- the Americas. tution that has long been responsible ing the investigation of the murders of For the people of Latin America, when they for teaching the world’s great killers, the Jesuit priests in El Salvador in wish to recall someone's memory, they say, human rights abusers, and brutal dic- 1989. I was with him when he was down ``PRESENTE.'' For them, the past is always tators. there last November at the mass, and I present. Mr. Chairman, I have a little bit of too was approached by so many people Last year, I rose in support of this amend- experience in this area. As some of my who had come to urge us to shut down ment and spoke from my heart about dear colleagues know, I led the investiga- the School of the Americas. friendsÐsix Jesuit priests and two tion of the murders of the priests in El Mr. Chairman, I support the Ken- laywomenÐwho were murdered by Salva- Salvador back in 1989. The 6 Jesuit nedy-Torres amendment. doran military units filled with students of the priests were killed in cold blood, and I Mr. Chairman, it is time for us to stop fund- School. remain committed to the promotion of ing for the School of the Americas. Last November, I traveled to El Salvador peace in this beautiful country and Every year, the Pentagon and other U.S. with Mr. MOAKLEY to participate in events com- throughout Central America. agencies spend billions of dollars in a broad memorating the lives of these martyrs. We During that investigation, Mr. Chair- array of training programs with Latin American spoke at the University where these priests man, I was horrified to learn that 19 militaries. worked, taught, and carried out human rights out of the 26 killers we implicated in Just yesterday, this House approved over programs. the murders were graduates of the $2 billion for counter-narcotics activities in the We participated in an outdoor Mass cele- School of the Americas. Western Hemisphere, including a substantial brating their lives and their living memory. I As I dug deeper into the problems of increase in training, operations and equipment cannot adequately describe the scene to you El Salvador, I learned more and more for Latin America. of this Mass. Thousands of people came to what these graduates’ exploits used in Under the Department of Defense, U.S. participate, covering the hillsides. Humble peo- tearing the country apart. Massacre Special Forces teams carry out dozens of joint ple. Students. Many who had walked for days after massacre of innocent people were training activities each year with Latin Amer- to get to San Salvador in time for the Mass. led by proud graduates of the School of ican militaries. Diplomats from many nations, including for the the Americas. Latin American military officers receive edu- first time, the U.S. Ambassador. And as I pre- When I traveled to El Salvador last cation and training at 150 places other than pared to take communion, I made a promise November to participate in ceremonies the School of the Americas through our IMET that I would return to Congress and work with commemorating the deaths of the Jes- and INL programs. my colleagues to stop funding for this School. uit priests, crowds of people came to The operation of U.S. bases, joint military For the people of this hemisphere, I urge me at the mass and pleaded with me to exercises, and other joint trainings throughout my colleagues to support this amendment. September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H8011 Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Chairman, I move school literally taught military personnel how to root in every other country in the region. As to strike the requisite number of oppress their people. We have all heard the the record shows, many of the school's grad- words. shameful statistics on how many of the worst uates have played leading roles in this trans- The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman human rights abusers in Latin America were formation. from New York (Mr. GILMAN) is recog- trained at the Army School of the Americas. If you have an opportunity to talk to these nized for 2 minutes, which is the For example, nineteen of the officers cited by graduates, many will tell you that the values amount of time remaining under the the U.N. Truth Commission for the murder of they studied and discussed during their stay at rule for amendments. Jesuit priests in 1989 were graduates of the the school influenced their political thinking (Mr. GILMAN asked and was given School of the Americas. and motivated them in their countries' fight for permission to revise and extend his re- People in Latin America still suffer from democracy. marks.) School of the Americas graduates today, par- In spite of this record, the school is once Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Chairman, after ticularly in Colombia. Just this year, three again under attack. careful consideration, I rise in opposi- human rights activists were murdered in Co- Without one shred of real evidence, the tion to the amendment and the sub- lombia by a member of a brigade commanded people who are involved in these misguided stitute offered by the gentleman from by a graduate. A human rights report impli- attacks falsely accuse the school of promoting Massachusetts (Mr. KENNEDY) and the cated 40 high-ranking Colombian military offi- totalitarianism and torture. If you get beyond underlying amendment by the gen- cers who attended the school in mass murder the rhetoric, which can be as deceptive as it tleman from California (Mr. TORRES) and disappearances. is emotional, you will find their case is factu- which would prohibit funding the Bishop Juan Gerardi was brutally murdered ally based on just two things: one, the few School of the Americas. While I respect after releasing a report on human rights graduates who have been involved in human the proponents of the amendment and abuses in Guatemala that linked School of the rights abusesÐand two, certain military intel- share their alarm at some of the anec- America graduates to those abuses. ligence training manuals which were once dotes, I cannot agree with their conclu- Supporters say that the curriculum of the used at the school in classes attended by sions that the School of the Americas school has changed. But the world has some of the students, although not allÐwhich has no constructive role to play. changed as well. Now that many Latin Amer- the school got rid of six years ago. It is in our interest to see that the ican countries have turned away from military It's true some of the school's trainees have militaries of Central and South Amer- dictatorship to become democracies, we do been linked to human rights abuses. Some, in ican countries play a positive role in not need to have military relations as the cor- fact, have been linked to sickening atrocities. the region’s fragile Democratic soci- nerstone of bilateral contacts. Military relations But this, alone, is not evidence of wrongdoing eties. While proponents of this amend- should no longer be the focus of the new, con- at the school. As a matter of fact, most of the ment have spotlighted abuses of au- structive U.S. relationship with fragile Latin graduates have been among the good guys in thority in human rights, there are hun- American democracies. We can still pursue the region's shift to democracy. Graduates dreds and hundreds of soldiers and po- the same kind of military-to-military contacts have instituted human rights reforms in their lice officers who graduated from the we have with many countries around the militaries, prevented military coups against School of the Americas and have gone globe, without having this school. on to conduct themselves honorably. Cutting the funding for the Army School of freely-elected civilian governments, and have That is not mentioned. the Americas sends an important signal that made their soldiers more professional servants Moreover, I believe that the cutoff of the United States is repudiating the policies of of democratic governments. We need this to U.S. military assistance and links to the past. continue. The Latin American democracies are the Guatemalan Army in the late 1970s Mr. BISHOP. Mr. Chairman, I rise today in very fragile, this is not the time to stop the provides an instructive example that strong opposition to efforts to limit or reduce work we have started with our neighbors. we should heed. In the ensuing absence funding for the Unites States Army School of This whole argument gets a little ridiculous. of American influence, the Guatemalan the Americas. For those colleagues of mine We know of other Latin American human Army escalated its brutal counter-in- who may still have concerns about the School, rights abusers who attended colleges and uni- surgency war that led to the slaughter I draw your attention to the language in the FY versities in the United States. One is the noto- of untold numbers of innocents. De- 1998 Appropriations bill. I believe it adequately rious Hector Gramajo of Guatemala, who did spite the good intentions of the pro- and responsibly deals with any remaining not attend the School of the Americas but did ponents of this amendment, I do not questions or concerns about the school. Spe- graduate from Harvard. Personally, I think it believe that the case has been made cifically, it prohibits the use of international would be absurd to brand Harvard as a school that ending the military-to-military military education training funds for the school of assassins or call for its closure. contact that takes place at the School until: (1) the Secretary of Defense certifies that In his own report on the school, Represent- of the Americas will actually make training provided by the School of Americas is ative KENNEDY says: ``We do not question the things better. fully consistent with U.S. training and doctrine, good values and the commitment of the U.S. General Serrano, the respected direc- (2) the Secretary of State has issued specific personnel at the school today.'' According to tor general of the Colombian National guidelines governing selection and screening his report, the reason for attacking the existing Police who has an outstanding record of candidates for the school, and (3) the Sec- school is to make a fresh start. But that start of protecting human rights, even in the retary of Defense has submitted a report on has already been made. The school and its midst of a raging narcotics-fueled war, the training activities of the school. curriculum have undergone intense scrutiny recently told our committee, and I For the past five and a half years, I have over the past few years, and instruction on quote, ‘‘The School of the Americas had the honor of representing the area of human rights and democratic principles has trains our reaction forces for use in southwest Georgia where Fort Benning and been exhaustively reviewed, sharpened and fighting narcotics trafficking with ex- the School are located. I am proud of the expanded. This institution is one of the most cellent results, and I am a witness to school as I am proud of all other institutions transparent in the U.S. military. the fact that it is a very valuable in- that make up our military. I believe it is the The United States Army School of the strument for training our men to carry best armed forces in the world and the most Americas has been investigated and studied out the antinarcotics fund.’’ well run. The United States Army School of by the DOD Inspector General's Office, by the I will, of course, continue to support the Americas is but one small institution in our General Accounting Office, and by an outside prudent restrictions to ensure that stu- entire military system. It is an institution that private consulting firm. Every course except dents in the school are screened for has provided professional training to over for the computer course has mandatory human rights and receive adequate 58,000 military and civilian police personnel human rights instruction. Every instructor is human rights training, as well as re- form throughout Latin AmericaÐtraining that certified to teach human rights. The school ports on the School’s training and as- includes classes covering the principles of has a permanent human rights council and a sessments of its recent graduates. human rights and representative democracy. Board of Visitors on which strong human Mr. MORAN of Virginia. Mr. Chairman, I The school's contribution to the trans- rights' advocates serve. All say the school is urge my colleagues to support the amendment formation of Latin America from totalitarianism effectively promoting U.S. policy on human to cut funding to the Army School of the Amer- to democracy has been tremendous. Today, rights and democracy, and in no way is violat- icas. This school has an infamous history, one only Cuba remains a totalitarian stronghold. ing it. that still haunts us today. In the past, the Representative government has begun to take This is certainly a cost-effective program. H8012 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 17, 1998 For less than $4 million a year, the school tleman from Massachusetts (Mr. KEN- Barr Gekas Pappas Barrett (NE) Gibbons Parker is promoting democracy, building stronger re- NEDY) as a substitute for the amend- Bartlett Gillmor Paxon lationships with our neighbors, and combating ment offered by the gentleman from Barton Gilman Pease narcotics trafficking. The school's critics never California (Mr. TORRES). Bass Goodlatte Peterson (PA) consider the cost of the crimes and human The question was taken; and the Bateman Goodling Pickering Bereuter Granger Pickett rights violations that were not committed be- Chairman announced that the noes ap- Berry Hall (TX) Pitts cause of the school's influence. The critics peared to have it. Bilbray Hamilton Pombo never count the benefits of the drug labs taken Bilirakis Hansen Portman RECORDED VOTE Bishop Hastert Radanovich down, the terrorism prevented, the mines re- Mr. KENNEDY of Massachusetts. Mr. Bliley Hastings (FL) Redmond moved by trained professionals, and the Chairman, I demand a recorded vote. Blunt Hastings (WA) Reyes peacekeeping operations. The school teaches Boehner Hayworth Riley A recorded vote was ordered. all of these things, and its graduates carry out Bonilla Hefley Rogan Bono Herger Rogers these missions day-in and day-out. The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to clause 2 of rule XXIII, any vote on the under- Boswell Hill Rohrabacher Just listen to what the officials and agencies Boyd Hilleary Ros-Lehtinen responsible for developing and implementing lying Torres amendment will be con- Brady (PA) Hobson Royce our foreign policy have to say about the ducted as a 5-minute vote. Brady (TX) Hoekstra Ryun The vote was taken by electronic de- Bryant Holden Sandlin school. Bunning Horn Saxton Our drug czar, who served as a former vice, and there were—ayes 201, noes 212, Burr Hostettler Schaefer, Dan Commander-in-Chief of the U.S. Southern not voting 21, as follows: Burton Houghton Sessions [Roll No. 448] Buyer Hoyer Shadegg Command, has said: Callahan Hunter Shaw As Commander in Chief, my responsibil- AYES—201 Calvert Hutchinson Shimkus ities included furthering the development of Campbell Hyde Shuster Abercrombie Hall (OH) Oberstar Canady Inglis Sisisky professional Latin American armed forces Ackerman Harman Obey Cannon Istook Skeen that promoted and protected human rights Allen Hefner Olver Castle Jenkins Skelton and that were supportive of democratic gov- Andrews Hilliard Owens Chabot John Smith (MI) ernance. The School of Americas was, and Baesler Hinchey Pallone Chambliss Johnson, Sam Smith (OR) Baldacci Hinojosa Pascrell continues to be, the Department of Defense’s Chenoweth Jones Smith (TX) Barcia Hooley Pastor pre-eminent educational institution for ac- Christensen Kanjorski Smith, Linda Barrett (WI) Hulshof Paul complishing these goals. Clyburn Kaptur Snowbarger Becerra Jackson (IL) Payne Coburn Kasich Snyder The State Department has stated: Bentsen Jackson-Lee Pelosi Collins Kim Solomon Berman (TX) Peterson (MN) The School of Americas today is an impor- Combest Kingston Souder Blagojevich Jefferson Petri tant instrument for advancing our goals for Condit Klink Spence Blumenauer Johnson (CT) Pomeroy the hemisphere. The school’s curriculum has Cook Knollenberg Spratt Boehlert Johnson (WI) Porter Cooksey Kolbe Stearns changed to reflect the end of the Cold War Bonior Johnson, E. B. Price (NC) Cox LaFalce Stenholm and our commitment to democracy, human Borski Kelly Quinn Crane Latham Stump rights, and development in Latin America. Boucher Kennedy (MA) Rahall Crapo Lewis (CA) Sununu Brown (CA) Kennedy (RI) Ramstad And Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Cubin Lewis (KY) Tanner Brown (FL) Kildee Rangel Cunningham Linder Tauzin Henry H. Shelton, has commented: Brown (OH) Kilpatrick Regula Davis (FL) Livingston Taylor (MS) I firmly believe that the US effort to pro- Camp Kind (WI) Rivers Davis (VA) Lucas Taylor (NC) Capps Kleczka Rodriguez mote democracy, encourage regional co- Deal Manzullo Thomas Cardin Klug Roemer operation, foster respect for human rights, DeLay Martinez Thornberry Carson Kucinich Rothman and reduce the flow of illegal drugs in this Deutsch Mascara Thune Clayton LaHood Roukema Diaz-Balart McCollum Tiahrt hemisphere would be seriously affected if the Clement Lampson Roybal-Allard Dickey McCrery Traficant School were closed. Coble Lantos Sabo Doolittle McDade Turner Conyers Largent Salmon This is an issue that touches me personally. Dreier McHugh Visclosky Costello LaTourette Sanders I regularly visit the school. I know the men Dunn McInnis Watkins Coyne Lazio Sanford Edwards McIntyre Watts (OK) and women who serve there. These are high- Cummings Leach Sawyer Ehrlich McKeon Weldon (FL) Danner Lee Scarborough ly-trained, dedicated professionals who believe Emerson Mica Weldon (PA) DeFazio Levin Schaffer, Bob deeply in their country and in the country's Ensign Mollohan White DeGette Lewis (GA) Scott Everett Murtha Whitfield mission to promote human rights and demo- Delahunt Lipinski Sensenbrenner Ewing Nethercutt Wicker cratic principles everywhere. It is wrong to ac- DeLauro LoBiondo Serrano Fossella Ney Wilson Dicks Lofgren Shays cuse them of violating their trust and working Fowler Northup Wise Dixon Lowey Sherman against the interests of democracy when all of Frelinghuysen Norwood Wolf Doggett Luther Skaggs Frost Ortiz Young (AK) the evidence reaffirms that this is not true. Dooley Maloney (CT) Slaughter Gallegly Oxley Young (FL) I strongly urge all of my colleagues to visit Doyle Maloney (NY) Smith (NJ) Ganske Packard the school, learn more about the job it is Duncan Markey Smith, Adam doing, and not to rush to judgment on the Ehlers Matsui Stabenow NOT VOTING—21 Engel McCarthy (MO) Stark Clay Goss Poshard basis of false and unfounded accusations English McCarthy (NY) Stokes Cramer Kennelly Pryce (OH) Eshoo McDermott Strickland made by people who may have good inten- Davis (IL) King (NY) Riggs Etheridge McGovern Stupak tions, but who have little regard for the facts. Dingell Manton Rush Evans McHale Talent Fawell McIntosh Sanchez Mr. Speaker, I urge our colleagues to sup- Farr McKinney Thompson Gephardt Meek (FL) Schumer port the truth. Fattah McNulty Thurman Gonzalez Myrick Tauscher Support the United States Army School of Fazio Meehan Tierney the Americas. Filner Meeks (NY) Torres b 1958 Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, in the in- Foley Menendez Towns Forbes Metcalf Upton Mr. TIAHRT and Mr. NORWOOD terest of saving the time of the House, Ford Millender- Velazquez changed their vote from ‘‘aye’’ to ‘‘no.’’ I ask unanimous consent to withdraw Fox McDonald Vento Mr. LARGENT, Mrs. ROUKEMA and my request for a roll call vote on the Frank (MA) Miller (CA) Walsh Franks (NJ) Miller (FL) Wamp Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Tiahrt amendment. Furse Minge Waters Texas changed their vote from ‘‘no’’ to The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection Gejdenson Mink Watt (NC) ‘‘aye.’’ to the request of the gentleman from Gilchrest Moakley Waxman So the amendment offered as a sub- Wisconsin? Goode Moran (KS) Weller stitute for the amendment was re- There was no objection. Gordon Moran (VA) Wexler Graham Morella Weygand jected. The CHAIRMAN. Without objection, Green Nadler Woolsey The result of the vote was announced the voice vote stands, and the amend- Greenwood Neal Wynn as above recorded. ment offered by the gentleman from Gutierrez Neumann Yates Gutknecht Nussle b 2000 Kansas (Mr. TIAHRT) is agreed to. There was no objection. NOES—212 The CHAIRMAN. The question is on The CHAIRMAN. The question is on Aderholt Armey Baker the amendment offered by the gen- the amendment offered by the gen- Archer Bachus Ballenger tleman from California (Mr. TORRES). September 17, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H8013 Mr. TORRES. Mr. Chairman, I ask Dickey Kim Ramstad Meehan Pomeroy Stenholm Dicks Kingston Redmond Meeks (NY) Price (NC) Stokes unanimous consent to withdraw my Dixon Klug Regula Millender- Rahall Stump amendment. Dooley Knollenberg Riley McDonald Rangel Stupak The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection Doyle Kolbe Rivers Miller (CA) Reyes Sununu to the request of the gentleman from Dreier Kucinich Rodriguez Minge Roemer Tanner Dunn LaHood Rogan Mink Rogers Tauscher California? Ehlers Lampson Ros-Lehtinen Moakley Rohrabacher Taylor (MS) Mr. GOODLING. Mr. Chairman, I ob- Ehrlich Lantos Rothman Mollohan Roybal-Allard Thompson ject. Emerson Largent Roukema Moran (KS) Royce Torres Engel Latham Ryun Moran (VA) Sabo Towns The CHAIRMAN. Objection is heard. English LaTourette Salmon Murtha Sanders Traficant The question is on the amendment Ensign Lazio Saxton Neal Sandlin Velazquez offered by the gentleman from Califor- Everett Leach Schaefer, Dan Oberstar Sanford Vento Ewing Levin Schaffer, Bob Obey Sawyer Waters ORRES nia (Mr. T ). Foley Lewis (CA) Serrano Olver Scott Watkins The amendment was rejected. Forbes Lewis (GA) Sessions Pastor Sensenbrenner Watt (NC) The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will read Fossella Lewis (KY) Shadegg Paul Skaggs Wexler the last four lines of the bill. Fowler Linder Shaw Payne Smith, Adam Wise Fox Lipinski Shays Pelosi Snyder Woolsey The Clerk read as follows: Franks (NJ) Livingston Sherman Peterson (PA) Spratt Wynn Titles I through V, the appropriations Frelinghuysen LoBiondo Shimkus Petri Stark Yates paragraphs of title VI, and sections 601 Frost Lowey Shuster Pombo Stearns Young (FL) Gallegly Maloney (NY) Sisisky through 604, of this Act may be cited as the Ganske Manzullo Skeen NOT VOTING—18 ‘‘Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Gekas McCarthy (NY) Skelton Clay Kennelly Pryce (OH) Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1999’’. Gibbons McCollum Slaughter Davis (FL) King (NY) Riggs The CHAIRMAN. Under the rule, the Gilchrest McCrery Smith (MI) Fawell Manton Rush Gillmor McDade Smith (NJ) Gephardt Meek (FL) Sanchez Committee rises. Gilman McGovern Smith (OR) Gonzalez Myrick Scarborough Accordingly, the Committee rose; Goodlatte McHugh Smith (TX) Goss Poshard Schumer and the Speaker pro tempore (Mr. Goodling McInnis Smith, Linda Graham McIntosh Snowbarger b 2019 SNOWBARGER) having assumed the Granger McIntyre Solomon chair, Mr. THORNBERRY, Chairman of Green McKeon Souder Messrs. HINCHEY, STRICKLAND, the Committee of the Whole House on Gutierrez McKinney Spence KENNEDY of Rhode Island, and LEWIS the State of the Union, reported that Gutknecht Menendez Stabenow of Georgia changed their vote from Harman Metcalf Strickland ‘‘nay’’ to ‘‘yea.’’ that Committee, having had under con- Hastert Mica Talent sideration the bill (H.R. 4569) making Hastings (FL) Miller (FL) Tauzin So the bill was passed. appropriations for foreign operations, Hastings (WA) Morella Taylor (NC) The result of the vote was announced Hayworth Nadler Thomas as above recorded. export financing, and related programs Hill Nethercutt Thornberry for the fiscal year ending September 30, Hinchey Neumann Thune A motion to reconsider was laid on 1999, and for other purposes, pursuant Hobson Ney Thurman the table. to House Resolution 542, he reported Holden Northup Tiahrt f Hooley Norwood Tierney the bill back to the House with sundry Horn Nussle Turner PRIVILEGED REPORT ON REFUSAL amendments adopted by the Commit- Houghton Ortiz Upton OF ATTORNEY GENERAL TO tee of the Whole. Hulshof Owens Visclosky Hunter Oxley Walsh PRODUCE DOCUMENTS SUBPOE- The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under Hutchinson Packard Wamp NAED BY COMMITTEE ON GOV- the rule, the previous question is or- Hyde Pallone Watts (OK) ERNMENT REFORM AND OVER- dered. Inglis Pappas Waxman SIGHT Is a separate vote demanded on any Istook Parker Weldon (FL) Jackson-Lee Pascrell Weldon (PA) Mr. BURTON of Indiana, from the amendment? If not, the Chair will put (TX) Paxon Weller Committee on Government Reform and them en gros. Jenkins Pease Weygand Oversight, submitted a privileged re- The amendments were agreed to. John Peterson (MN) White Johnson (CT) Pickering Whitfield port (Rept. No. 105–728), together with The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Johnson, Sam Pickett Wicker additional, minority and additional mi- question is on the engrossment and Kaptur Pitts Wilson nority views, on the refusal of Attor- third reading of the bill. Kasich Porter Wolf Kelly Portman Young (AK) ney General Janet Reno to produce The bill was ordered to be engrossed Kennedy (RI) Quinn documents subpoenaed by the Govern- and read a third time, and was read the Kildee Radanovich ment Reform and Oversight Commit- third time. tee, which was referred to the House The SPEAKER pro tempore. The NAYS—161 Calendar and ordered to be printed. question is on the passage of the bill. Ackerman Davis (IL) Hilleary f Pursuant to clause 7 of rule XV, the Baldacci DeFazio Hilliard Barr DeGette Hinojosa yeas and nays are ordered. Barrett (WI) Delahunt Hoekstra REPORT ON RESOLUTION PROVID- The vote was taken by electronic de- Becerra DeLauro Hostettler ING FOR CONSIDERATION OF MO- vice, and there were—yeas 255, nays Berry Dingell Hoyer TIONS TO SUSPEND THE RULES Blagojevich Doggett Jackson (IL) 161, not voting 18, as follows: Bonior Doolittle Jefferson Mr. DIAZ-BALART, from the Com- [Roll No. 449] Borski Duncan Johnson (WI) mittee on Rules, submitted a privi- Boucher Edwards Johnson, E. B. YEAS—255 Brady (PA) Eshoo Jones leged report (Rept. No. 105–729) on the Abercrombie Bilirakis Camp Brown (FL) Etheridge Kanjorski resolution (H. Res. 544) providing for Aderholt Bishop Canady Brown (OH) Evans Kennedy (MA) consideration of motions to suspend Allen Bliley Cannon Campbell Farr Kilpatrick the rules, which was referred to the Andrews Blumenauer Cardin Capps Fattah Kind (WI) Archer Blunt Chabot Carson Fazio Kleczka House Calendar and ordered to be Armey Boehlert Chambliss Castle Filner Klink printed. Bachus Boehner Christensen Chenoweth Ford LaFalce f Baesler Bonilla Coble Clayton Frank (MA) Lee Baker Bono Collins Clement Furse Lofgren PROVIDING FOR CONSIDERATION Ballenger Boswell Cook Clyburn Gejdenson Lucas Barcia Boyd Cooksey Coburn Goode Luther OF H.R. 3248, DOLLARS TO THE Barrett (NE) Brady (TX) Costello Combest Gordon Maloney (CT) CLASSROOM ACT Bartlett Brown (CA) Cox Condit Greenwood Markey Barton Bryant Crapo Conyers Hall (OH) Martinez Mr. DIAZ-BALART. Mr. Speaker, by Bass Bunning Cubin Coyne Hall (TX) Mascara direction of the Committee on Rules, I Bateman Burr Davis (VA) Cramer Hamilton Matsui call up House Resolution 543 and ask Bentsen Burton Deal Crane Hansen McCarthy (MO) for its immediate consideration. Bereuter Buyer DeLay Cummings Hefley McDermott Berman Callahan Deutsch Cunningham Hefner McHale The Clerk read the resolution, as fol- Bilbray Calvert Diaz-Balart Danner Herger McNulty lows: