SESSION X: Automotive and TV Electronics Chairman: J. C. van Vessem N. V. Philips, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

THAM 10.1 - INVITED: What is the Automobile Industry Expecting from Solid-state Electronics G. Villa Electronics Div./FIAT SpA

Turin, Italy

THE AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY is today in a position to offer be installed on automotive vehicles during the seventies, and an to the solid-state industry a new and expanding market; in fact extension is made up to 1985. solid-state is thekey to theintroduction of newand more If the provisions outlined are met, the automotive industry sophisticated types of electronics on all types of automotive will be one of the major customers of the electronic industry in vehicles; pleasure cars, trucks, buses, etc. general and indirectiy of the solid-state industry. Four active periods have beenindicated on theplot: The magnitude of such a market can be easily evaluated after 1971/74-1974178-1978180-1980/85. It is evident that during having definedhow extensive the introduction of electronic the years 1974/78 the highest introductionrate has to be devices will be in present and future automobile applications. expected. In the past automobiles have been developed and improved Theanticipated value of thesolid-state devices usedin merely fromthe mechanical and electrical point of view, automotive electronics canbe computed, recalling that today the including some passive safety provisions. Today and in the near automotive electronics is 15%to 20%solid-state. and far future requirements are foreseen for the application of Present electronics is merely analog; if the future automotive logical functions and for theuse of devices which are not only to electronics is more digital, as is commonly accepted, this figure be automatic, but logically controlled to a greater extent than at will increase to 30%. present. The proposed goals are to achieve on the one hand a It is possible to concludethat the future automotive better and tighter adaptive control of the complete vehicle and electronics in the years around the eighties willuse solid-state on the other, more comfortable and saferdriving. The latter goal components having a value equivalent to about 37'0 of the car involves both the passenger's point-of-view, as well as the impact value. This factormust be considered as quite an important of the vehicle onthe surrounding ambient (noise, pollution, figure. etc.). Types of Eectronic Devices Envisioned forAutomotive To determine the size of this market, a survey has been made Applications of the possible electronic applications for the various types of vehicles; theresults are summarized in Figure 1. Thedata Figure 2, asa general reference,indicates that system represents the anticipated value of the electronic equipment to integration will be a major consideration.

YEARS FIGURE 1-Forecast value of electronicequipment for automotive applications. The value is stated in percentage on the average value of a typical vehicle. (1)-Signals coming from the transducer or the pickup can voltage charging the capacitor, SCR switching the capacitor on serve many systems if the corresponding information is the spark coil, and a free-wheeling diode. required by each of them; e.g., a wheel rpm pickup can The challenge fromthe automobile manufacturers is inte- supply signals to tachometer,a odometer, antiskid gration of all of the components on onechip. system, etc. It will be the job of the interface to match In conclusion, we have a particularly large market which will the incoming signals to the various uses. requireconsiderable development, notonly by solid-state (2)-The same rationalefollows forthe actuators, for the designers, but manufacturers. Infact, future automotive powersupply and, in some lucky cases, for the logic applicationdevelopment will, in the main,be based on solid- module. state techniques. Todaysolid-state is appliedmainly in four of the blocks represented in Figure 2: the logic module,the two interfaces, and the power supply. The present state-of-the-art places the use of solid-state in the form of discretea component or standard IC indiscrete component units; printed circuit boards and thick film hybrids. Thereare very fewapplications in designusing MSI. Analog devices are the most frequently used,since in most cases they result in lower costthan digital devices. In the near and extended future the expansion of electronic equipment in automotive applications is expected to bebased merely on thefollowing: (a)-System integration extended as much aspossible. (b)-Digital devices to help system integration. (c)-Extended use of LSI and MSI on custom-made chips. (d)-MOS technique fed by a single battery getting down in voltage to not more than 6 V. (e)-Extension of solid-state techniques to the pickup and to the actuator. Future developments will, in the main, include: (a)-A central logic module considered as a black box which will perform all the required logical functions. PIW-UP LOGIC MODULE (b)-Pickups and actuators collecting signals and generating OR INTER INTER - - OR - - actions. TRANS- FACE FACE Solid-state is expected to play as big a role in the transducers, DUCER COMPUTER as in the design of the actuators.

The major lines of application will include: vehicle safety and POWER driving controlsystems, antiskid, brake and driving control, SUPPLY automatic driving, pollution closed-loop control, engine control as apower generator including automatic and adaptive gear boxes, automatic diagnosis on-board and out-board, new types FIGURE 2-Standard block diagram of a typical automotive of displays and on-board controls improving passenger comfort electronic equipment. and the driver capability. ~~ ~ From a more general point-of-view, future electronics will be the most significant factor for having: the vehicle at the service of the man, the vehicle adapted to the people it carries, and the vehicle adaptive to the ambient in which it is traveling.

Solid-State Application Examples r(6V

------______-. Logic devices are required to have a very low electrical power I consumption.Such requirementa is foreseen to bevery I important when it is assumed that we will have the logic module continuously active and supplied during its life time by a small nuclear battery. As forpresent-day requirements, integrated solid-state modules, as illustrated in Figure 3, should be made available to I I designers. It represents a combination of a timer and of a trigger I having general applications. I Many power devices can be used to exemplify the common conceptsforeseen for automotive applications. Future power -- devices must be based on a strong integration on the same chip - or in the samemechanical case. As an example,in electronic FIGURE 3-Trigger monostablecircuit foreseen for ignition systems, the following solid-state power components are integration as a typical standard integrated component for generally present: transistors of the inverter, diode rectifying the automotive applications.