International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Volume 119 No. 12 2018, 10155-10164 ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version) url: http://www.ijpam.eu Special Issue ijpam.eu FABRICATION OF DUMP TRUCK TILTING SYSTEM WITH ADVANCED PNEUMATICS
Kumar Raman1, C.Thamotharan2, P.Naveenchandran3,C.Jagadeesh Vikram4 B.Tech1,Student,Professor2,3,Assistant Professor4, Department of Automobile Engineering, BIST, BIHER,Bharath University, Chennai, India. [email protected]
Abstract:With the advancement of the transport technologies, companies are trying to find ways to find simpler and cost effective technologies. Our project suggests a simple but advantageous mechanism for the dump truck. A dump truck is used for transporting construction material. They have a tilt-able trolley. The mechanism for this operation is to be enhanced in our project. It proposes the idea of using a folding mechanism coupled with pneumatics to tilt the trolley of the dump truck. The system employs the use of a linkage hinged to together and a pneumatic cylinder is attached to the hinge. Thus when the pneumatic cylinder works in the forward direction, the linkages ate stretched and when it is made to return, the linkages get folded up. Keywords: Dump Truck, Trolley, Pneumatics, Pneumatic Cylinder, Linkage
INTRODUCTION The hydraulic cylinders used for the dump truck tilting system are very long so that it can be lifted to a good height. It also requires a cylinder with greater diameter so that is can bear the weight of the materials in the truck[1-6]. This requires a large space to house the cylinder and also the cylinder is prone to damages as it has to bear heavy loads. This not only occupies more space, but also increases the weight of the vehicle, which indirectly affects the fuel economy of the truck. Thus there is a surge to find possible methods for improving the mechanism of the dump truck hydraulics[7-11]. This project proposes the idea of using a folding mechanism coupled with pneumatics to tilt the trolley of the dump truck. The system employs the use of a linkage hinged to together and a pneumatic cylinder is attached to the hinge. Thus when the pneumatic cylinder works in the forward direction[12-16], the linkages ate stretched and when it is made to return, the linkages get folded up.
Fig: Existing Model of Dump Truck
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Types of Dump Truck: Standard Dump Truck A standard dump truck is a truck chassis with a dump body mounted to the frame. The bed is raised by a vertical hydraulic ram mounted under the front of the body, or a horizontal hydraulic ram and lever arrangement between the frame rails and the back of the bed is hinged at the back of the truck[17-24]. Transfer Dump Truck An exchange dump is a standard dump truck pulling a different trailer with a portable freight holder, which can likewise be stacked with development total — rock, sand, black-top, clinkers, snow, wood chips, triple blend, and so on. The second total compartment on the trailer ("b" box), is controlled by an electric engine[25-31], a pneumatic engine or a water driven line. Super dump: A Super dump is a straight dump truck furnished with a trailing hub, a lift capable, stack bearing pivot appraised as high as 13,000 pounds (5,897 kg). Trailing 11 to 13 feet (3.35 to 3.96 m) behind the back couple. Semi-Trailer End Dump Truck A semi end dump is a tractor-trailer combination wherein the trailer itself contains the hydraulic hoist. A typical semi end dump has a 3-hub tractor pulling a 2-pivot semi- trailer[32-38]. Semi-Trailer Bottom Dump Truck A semi base dump (or "gut dump") is a 3-pivot tractor pulling a 2-hub trailer with a mollusk shell sort dump door in the midsection of the trailer. The key favorable position of a semi base dump is its capacity to lay material in a windrow (a straight store)[39-41]. Side Dump Truck A side dump truck (SDT) comprises of a 3-pivot tractor pulling a 2-hub semi-trailer. It has water powered rams which tilt the landfill body onto its side, spilling the material to either the left or right half of the trailer. The key points of interest of the side dump are that it permits quick emptying and can convey more weight[42-49] Haul Trucks Utilized as a part of extensive surface mines and quarries, they have an inflexible casing and customary directing with drive at the back wheel. Starting at late 2013, the biggest ever creation pull truck is the 450 metric ton BelAZ 75710, trailed by the Liebherr T 282B, the Bucyrus MT6300AC and the Caterpillar 797F, which each have payload limits of up to 400 short tons (363 t; 357 long tons Proposed Model: This work proposes utilizing a collapsing truck or trailer for pulling and dumping system combined with pneumatics to tilt dry mass solids routinely by gravity the trolley of the landfill truck. A dump furthermore having the capacity of passing
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on the solids upward to a storeroom. The disappointment. 6. It has high rigidity. 7. unit incorporates a holder mounted to an Low co-efficient of warm extension edge on wheels. A water driven slam tilts Properties of Mild Steel: M.S. has carbon the compartment for dumping through a content from 0.15BRIGHT MATERIAL. back outlet. A pneumatic transport is conveyed by the casing with an admission Manufacturing Process: at the back of the compartment. An entryway permits the solids to be dumped customarily by gravity[50-53], or to be passed up the pneumatic transport. Advantages: • Free from wear adjustment. • Less power consumption • Less skill technicians required • Installation is simplified very much. • Reduced stroke length of cylinder • Reduced cost in pneumatics.
LITERATURE REVIEW Metal cutting:-Common cutting processes include sawing, shaping (or arranging), The innovation of pneumatics has proposing, boring, pounding, turning and increased colossal significance in the field processing. of working environment legitimization and robotization from antiquated timber works Sawing:-The name of the saw needs to do and coal mines to current machine shops with the move that makes put amid the and space robots. It is in this manner cutting procedure, which figures out how imperative that specialists and architects to keep both the metal and the sharp edge ought to have a decent information of from turning out to be excessively hot. An pneumatic framework, air worked valves icy saw is fueled with power and is and extras. normally a stationary sort of observed machine as opposed to a versatile kind of Machine Construction: observed. The machine is fundamentally comprised of gentle steel. Reasons: 1.Mild steel is Welding:-In this procedure an electrical promptly accessible in market. 2. It is machine (which might be DC or AC, sparing to utilize. 3. It is accessible in however these days is typically AC) standard sizes. 4. It has great mechanical supplies current to an anode holder which properties i.e. it is effortlessly machinable. conveys a terminal which is ordinarily 5. It has direct component of security, covered with a blend of chemicals or flux. since figure of wellbeing results An earth link interfaces the work piece to superfluous wastage of material and the welding machine to give an arrival way substantial choice. Low consider of to the current. The weld is started by security results superfluous danger of tapping ('striking') the tip of the anode against the work piece which starts an
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electric circular segment. The high to insert hoses. A handle is provided to temperature created (around 6000oC) control the flow of oil in every valve. immediately delivers a liquid pool and the finish of the cathode ceaselessly dissolves (a) Technical Data into this pool and structures the joint. Size: ¼‖ Components & Detail: Media: Air
Pneumatic cylinder Port size: 0.635 x 10 ² ֿ m • Pressure: 0-8 x 10 ⁵ N/m² • Hand Lever solenoid valve Solenoid valve Media: Air • Flow control valve Quantity: 1 • Horse and connectors
• Linkages CONNECTOR: Max working pressure: 10 x 10 ⁵ N/m² • Tilt-able Trolley Temperature: 0-100 º C • Frame Fluid media: Air Double Acting Pneumatic Cylinder Material: Brass. • Stroke length: Cylinder stoker length 160 mm = 0.16 m • Quantity: 1 • Seals: Nitride (Buna-N) Elastomer • End cones: Cast iron HOSE SPECIFICATION: • Piston : EN – 8 Max pressure: 10 x 10 ⁵ N/m² • Media : Air • Temperature : 0-80 º C Outer diameter : 6 mm = 6 x 10 ˉ ³m Pressure Range: 8 N/m² Inner diameter: 3.5 mm = 3.5 x 10 ˉ ³m. Solenoid Valve: Generally known as (b) Purpose DCV, this valve is utilized to control the heading of wind current in the pneumatic This valve is utilized to accelerate the framework. The directional valve does this cylinder development furthermore it goes by changing the position of its inside about as a one – way confinement valve portable parts which implies that the air can go through just a single way and it can't return back. House & Fittings: It is provided for the
passage of compressed air from the compressor outlet to the operating valve. By utilizing this valve the time utilization is lessened in view of the quicker Flow Control Valve: development of the cylinder. Flow Control Valves are fitted to all the TILTABLE TROLLEY: distribution tubes. This valve is made of brass. Both the ends have stepped surface The trolley is attached to the frame.
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Material: Mild steel and sheet metal. i. Pneumatic 1 steel Double Length: 120 cm Acting Width: 74 cm Cylinder Load capacity: 5 kg (our model). ii. 5/2 1 Aluminiu Direction m FRAMES: Control Material: Mild steel Valve Length: 120 cm iii. Tilt-able Trolley Width: 75 cm iv. Polyethylen - Polyuretha The system employs the use of a linkage e Tube hinged to together and a pneumatic ne cylinder is attached to the hinge. Thus when the pneumatic cylinder works in the v. Hose Collar - Brass forward direction, the linkages at stretched and and when it is made to return, the linkages Reducer get folded up. Vi. Stand 1 Mild steel Hand lever solenoid valve get the air and (Frame) passed through the pneumatic cylinder depend upon the hand lever directional changed.The linkages are those that support the trolley against the frame and they are hinged at the centre.
CONCLUSION
This examination work has given us a phenomenal open door and experience, to utilize our restricted learning. We picked up a considerable measure of commonsense information with respect to, arranging, buying, amassing and machining while doing this venture work. We feel that the examination work is a decent answer for extension the doors amongst establishment and businesses. Fig: Block Diagram Showing Our Model LIST OF MATERIALS: We are pleased that we have finished the work with the constrained time effectively. Sl. Qty. Material P Parts The "Landfill Truck Tilting System with No. Advanced Pneumatics" is working with acceptable conditions. We can
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