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REL 3337 Religions in Modern India Vasudha Narayanan
1 REL 3337 Religions in Modern India Vasudha Narayanan, Distinguished Professor, Religion [email protected] (Please use email for all communications) Office hours: Wednesdays 2:00-3:00 pm and by appointment Credits: 3 credit hours Course Term: Fall 2018 Class Meeting Time: M Period 9 (4:05 PM - 4:55 PM) AND 0134 W Period 8 - 9 (3:00 PM - 4:55 PM) In this course, you will learn about the religious and cultural diversity in the sub-continent, and understand the history of religion starting with the colonial period. We will study the major religious thinkers, many of whom had an impact on the political history of India. We will study the rites-of-passage, connections between food and religion, places of worship, festivals, gurus, as well as the close connections between religion and politics in many of these traditions. The religious traditions we will examine and intellectually engage with are primarily Hinduism, Jainism, Sikhism, as well as Christianity and Islam in India. We will strike a balance between a historical approach and a thematic one whereby sacraments, rituals, and other issues and activities that are religiously important for a Hindu family can be explained. This will include discussion of issues that may not be found in traditional texts, and I will supplement the readings with short journal and magazine articles, videos, and slides. The larger questions indirectly addressed in the course will include the following: Are the Indian concepts of "Hinduism" and western concepts of "religion" congruent? How ha colonial scholarship and assumptions shaped our understanding of South Asian Hindus and the "minority traditions" as distinct religious and social groups, blurring regional differences? How are gender issues made manifest in rituals? How does religious identity influence political and social behavior? How do Hindus in South Asia differentiate among themselves? Course Goals When you complete this course, you will be able to: 1. -
Circumambulation in Indian Pilgrimage: Meaning And
232 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & ENGINEERING RESEARCH, VOLUME 12, ISSUE 1, JANUARY-2021 ISSN 2229-5518 Circumambulation in Indian pilgrimage: Meaning and manifestation Santosh Kumar Abstract— Our ancient literature is full of examples where pilgrimage became an immensely popular way of achieving spiritual aims while walking. In India, many communities have attached spiritual importance to particular places or to the place where people feel a spiritual awakening. Circumambulation (pradakshina) around that sacred place becomes the key point of prayer and offering. All these circumambulation spaces are associated with the shrines or sacred places referring to auspicious symbolism. In Indian tradition, circumambulation has been practice in multiple scales ranging from a deity or tree to sacred hill, river, and city. The spatial character of the path, route, and street, shift from an inside dwelling to outside in nature or city, depending upon the central symbolism. The experience of the space while walking through sacred space remodel people's mental and physical character. As a result, not only the sacred space but their design and physical characteristics can be both meaningful and valuable to the public. This research has been done by exploring in two stage to finalize the conclusion, In which First stage will involve a literature exploration of Hindu and Buddhist scripture to understand the meaning and significance of circumambulation and in second, will investigate the architectural manifestation of various element in circumambulatory which help to attain its meaning and true purpose. Index Terms— Pilgrimage, Circumambulation, Spatial, Sacred, Path, Hinduism, Temple architecture —————————— —————————— 1 Introduction Circumambulation ‘Pradakshinā’, According to Rig Vedic single light source falling upon central symbolism plays a verses1, 'Pra’ used as a prefix to the verb and takes on the vital role. -
In the Name of Krishna: the Cultural Landscape of a North Indian Pilgrimage Town
In the Name of Krishna: The Cultural Landscape of a North Indian Pilgrimage Town A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Sugata Ray IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Frederick M. Asher, Advisor April 2012 © Sugata Ray 2012 Acknowledgements They say writing a dissertation is a lonely and arduous task. But, I am fortunate to have found friends, colleagues, and mentors who have inspired me to make this laborious task far from arduous. It was Frederick M. Asher, my advisor, who inspired me to turn to places where art historians do not usually venture. The temple city of Khajuraho is not just the exquisite 11th-century temples at the site. Rather, the 11th-century temples are part of a larger visuality that extends to contemporary civic monuments in the city center, Rick suggested in the first class that I took with him. I learnt to move across time and space. To understand modern Vrindavan, one would have to look at its Mughal past; to understand temple architecture, one would have to look for rebellions in the colonial archive. Catherine B. Asher gave me the gift of the Mughal world – a world that I only barely knew before I met her. Today, I speak of the Islamicate world of colonial Vrindavan. Cathy walked me through Mughal mosques, tombs, and gardens on many cold wintry days in Minneapolis and on a hot summer day in Sasaram, Bihar. The Islamicate Krishna in my dissertation thus came into being. -
The Inner Light: the Beatles, India, Gurus, and the Legacy
The Inner Light: The Beatles, India, Gurus, and the Legacy John Covach Institute for Popular Music, University of Rochester Arthur Satz Department of Music Eastman School of Music Main Points The Beatles’ “road to India” is mostly navigated by George Harrison John Lennon was also enthusiastic, Paul somewhat, Ringo not so much Harrison’s “road to India” can be divided into two kinds of influence: Musical influences—the actual sounds and structures of Indian music Philosophical and spiritual influences—elements that influence lyrics and lifestyle The musical influences begin in April 1965, become focused in fall 1966, and extend to mid 1968 The philosophical influences begin in late 1966 and continue through the rest of Harrison’s life Note: Harrison began using LSD in the spring of 1965 and discontinued in August 1967 Songs by other Beatles, Lennon especially, also reflect Indian influences The Three “Indian” songs of George Harrison “Love You To” recorded April 1966, released on Revolver, August 1966 “Within You Without You” recorded March, April 1967, released on Sgt Pepper, June 1967 “The Inner Light” recorded January, February 1968, released as b-side to “Lady Madonna,” March 1968 Three Aspects of “Indian” characteristics Use of some aspect of Indian philosophy or spirituality in the lyrics Use of Indian musical instruments Use of Indian musical features (rhythmic patterns, drone, texture, melodic elements) Musical Influences Ravi Shankar is principal influence on Harrison, though he does not enter the picture until mid 1966 April 1965: Beatles film restaurant scene for Help! Harrison falls in love with the sitar, buys one cheap Summer 1965: Beatles in LA hear about Shankar from McGuinn, Crosby (meet Elvis, discuss Yogananda) October 1965: “Norwegian Wood” recorded, released in December on Rubber Soul. -
Redalyc.The Universalization of the Bhakti Yoga of Chaytania
VIBRANT - Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology E-ISSN: 1809-4341 [email protected] Associação Brasileira de Antropologia Brasil Silva da Silveira, Marcos The Universalization of the Bhakti Yoga of Chaytania Mahaprabhu. Ethnographic and Historic Considerations VIBRANT - Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology, vol. 11, núm. 2, diciembre, 2014, pp. 371-405 Associação Brasileira de Antropologia Brasília, Brasil Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=406941918013 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative The Universalization of the Bhakti Yoga of Chaytania Mahaprabhu Ethnographic and Historic Considerations Marcos Silva da Silveira Abstract Inspired by Victor Turner’s concepts of structure and communitas, this article commences with an analysis of the Gaudiya Vaishnavas – worshipers of Radha, and Krishna Chaitanya Mahaprabhu followers. Secondly, we present data from ethnographic research conducted with South American devotees on pilgrimage to the ceremonial center ISCKON in Mayapur, West Bengal, during the year 1996, for a resumption of those initial considerations. The article seeks to demonstrate that the ritual injunction characteristic of Hindu sects, only makes sense from the individual experience of each devotee. Keywords: religion, Hinduism, New Age, Hare Krishna, ritual process Resumo Este artigo trata de revisitar o conceito consagrado de Victor Turner Estrutura – Communitas , tendo, como ponto de partida, uma análise de seus estudos de caso do Leste da Índia , em particular, entre os Gaudiya Vaishnavas – adoradores de Radha e Krishna, seguidores de Chaitanya Mahaprabhu. -
Brill's Encyclopedia of Hinduism
Brill’s Encyclopedia of Hinduism HANDBOOK OF ORIENTAL STUDIES HANDBUCH DER ORIENTALISTIK SECTION TWO INDIA edited by J. Bronkhorst A. Malinar VOLUME 22/5 Brill’s Encyclopedia of Hinduism Volume V: Religious Symbols Hinduism and Migration: Contemporary Communities outside South Asia Some Modern Religious Groups and Teachers Edited by Knut A. Jacobsen (Editor-in-Chief ) Associate Editors Helene Basu Angelika Malinar Vasudha Narayanan Leiden • boston 2013 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Brill’s encyclopedia of Hinduism / edited by Knut A. Jacobsen (editor-in-chief); associate editors, Helene Basu, Angelika Malinar, Vasudha Narayanan. p. cm. — (Handbook of oriental studies. Section three, India, ISSN 0169-9377; v. 22/5) ISBN 978-90-04-17896-0 (hardback : alk. paper) 1. Hinduism—Encyclopedias. I. Jacobsen, Knut A., 1956- II. Basu, Helene. III. Malinar, Angelika. IV. Narayanan, Vasudha. BL1105.B75 2009 294.503—dc22 2009023320 ISSN 0169-9377 ISBN 978 90 04 17896 0 Copyright 2013 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Global Oriental, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers and Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Brill provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. Printed in the Netherlands Table of Contents, Volume V Prelims Preface .............................................................................................................................................. -
Anders Lindh Has a Licentiate’S Degree in History of Religion from Lund University and a I V I
A N “UNITY PERVADES ALL ACTIVITY AS WATER EVERY WAVE” D ER “UNITY PERVADES ALL ACTIVITY AS The major purpose of this thesis is to investigate some essential aspects of the teach- S L ings and philosophy of Maharishi Mahesh Yogi (1917-2008) expressed during different WATER EVERY WAVE” periods of time. I N Principal Teachings and Philosophy of There is a primary focus on the teachings expressed in Maharishi’s translation and com- D mentary on the didactic poem, Bhagavadgītā, with extensive references to Maharishi’s H Maharishi Mahesh Yogi metaphorical language. The philosophy and teaching expressed in this text is investi- gated in relation to later texts. Since maybe the most significant and most propagated message of Maharishi was his peace message, its theory and practice, as well as studies published regarding the so- called Maharishi Effect, are reflected in the thesis. Maharishi’s philosophy and teachings are analysed using three categories: 1. Vision and Tradition, as Maharishi could be considered on the one hand, a custodian of the ancient Vedic tradition and is associated with the Advaita Vedānta tradition of Śaṅkara from his master. On the other hand, Maharishi could be considered an innovator of this tradition and a visionary in his interpretation of the Vedic texts in relation to modern science. 2. Consciousness and Experience are central concepts in the teachings of Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, as well as the relationship between them, which is evidenced by their use “ in Maharishi’s writing and lecturing. 3. Practice before Theory is a concept used because U of the numerous instances in Maharishi’s philosophy and teaching indicating that he put ni t practice before theory for spiritual development. -
(Korra): Holy Mt Kailash and Mansarovar Lake
27 - A/C, GANDHI NAGAR, JAMMU - 180004 (J&K) INDIA. Tele:- +91-191-2430662, 2452309, 2456656. Fax:- +91-191-2456656. Website: - www.mastertoursindia.com. Email: - [email protected] / [email protected] / [email protected] **OM NAMAH SHIVAYA** Holy Mt. KAILASH YATRA WITH NANDI & INNER PARIKRAMA (KORRA): HOLY MT KAILASH AND MANSAROVAR LAKE- AN INTRODUCTION: Holy Mt Kailash and Mansarowar Lake, center of creation & the Universe are as old as the creation. Thousands of Sages, Ordinary Mortals, Philosophers and even Gods had submerged in the blissful trance at the very sight of this divine grandeur. It is the MERU, SUMERU, SUSHUMNA, HEMADRI (Golden Mountain), RATNASANU (Jewel Peak), KARNIKACHALA (Lotus Mountain), AMARADRI, DEVA PARVATHA (Summit of Gods), GANAPARVATHA, AJATADRI (Silver Mountain). Regarded as SWAYAMBHU, the self-created one, everythingis said to emanate from here and finally returns here. Mind is the knot tying consciousness and matter-that is set free here. Famously known to be an abode of LORD SHIVA and his divine consort PARVATI, Mt. Kailash expounds the philosophy of PURUSHA and PRAKRITI-SHIVA and SHAKTI. The radiant SILVERLY summit is the throne of TRUTH, WISDOM and BLISS-SACHIDANANDAM. The primordial sound AUM (NADABINDU) from the tinkling anklets of LALITA PRAKRITI created the visible patterns of the universe and the vibrations (DVANI) from the feet of Lord Shiva (NATARAJA) weaved the essence of ATMAN, the ultimate truth. Mt. Kailash is considered to be the centre of Hindu philosophy and civilization. Kalpa Viruksha tree is supposed to adorn the slopes. South face is described as Sapphire, east as crystal, west as Ruby and north as Gold. -
Parikrama Booklet 2020
All glories to Çré Guru and Gauräìga Çré Navadvépa Maëòala Parikrama Gauräbda 534 (2020) 30th anniversary celebration Itinerary & General Information ISKCON International Society for Kåñëa Consciousness Sri Mayapur Chandrodaya Mandir Founder-Äcärya: His Divine Grace A.C. Bhaktivedänta Swämi Prabhupäda 2 śrī-rādhāyāḥ praṇaya-mahimā kīdṛśo vānayaivā- svādyo yenādbhuta-madhurimā kīdṛśo vā madīyaḥ saukhyaṁ cāsyā mad-anubhavataḥ kīdṛśaṁ veti lobhāt tad-bhāvāḍhyaḥ samajani śacī-garbha-sindhau harīnduḥ Desiring to understand the glory of Rādhārāṇī’s love, the wonderful qualities in Him that She alone relishes through Her love, and the happiness She feels when She realizes the sweetness of His love, the Supreme Lord Hari, richly endowed with Her emotions, appeared from the womb of Śrīmatī Śacī-devī, as the moon appeared from the ocean. Sri Caitanya Caritamrta, 1.1.6 by Krsnadasa Kaviraj Goswami WELCOME TO SRI NAVADVIPA MANDALA PARIKRAMA 2020! 30TH ANNIVERSARY CELEBRATION FESTIVAL HARE KRSNA! JAY GAUR! JAY NITAI! ALL GLORIES TO SRILA PRABHUPADA AND HIS FOLLOWERS! DEAR DEVOTEES, WELCOME HOME! ALL THE MAYAPUR DEVOTEES ARE VERY HAPPY TO SERVE YOU IN THIS WONDERFUL CELEBRATION OF 30 YEARS OF JOY, WHERE WE DO WHAT WE LOVE, JUST WALKING IN THE HOLY DHAM, IN THE ASSOCIATION OF LOVELY PEOPLE, CHANTING HARE KRSNA AND HAVING BHAGAVAT PRASADA! JAY HO! IN THE YEAR 1990 A VERY IMPORTANT CHANGE HAPPENED TO THE PARIKRAMA. ALL THE PILGRIMS HAD THE OPPORTUNITY TO STAY OVERNIGHT INSTEAD OF COMING BACK TO ISKCON MAYAPUR COM- PLEX IN THE END OF THE DAY. IT MAKES -
Karnali Excursions, Nepal
1 Karnali Excursions Kailash Yatra 2020 1 ç Om Namah Shivaya Karnali Excursions, Nepal Kailash - Mansarovar Yatra & Other Himalayan Pilgrimages 2020 Join with us for the journey of a lifetime to experience Satyam, Shivam and Sundaram www.karnaliexcursions.com Karnali Excursions Kailash Yatra 2020 2 Table of Contents: SN. Contents Page No. 1. About Kailash & Our Services 3 2. Kailash-Mansarovar & Other Yatra Maps 4 3. Fixed Departure Dates of Kailash-Mansarovar Yatra & Other Pilgrimages 5 - 6 4. Kailash-Mansarovar Yatra only 7 5. Kailash-Mansarovar Yatra with Muktinath Darshan 8 6. Kailash-Mansarovar with Muktinath-Janakpur Dham-Valmiki Ashram-Devghat-Lumbini 9 7. About Muktinath, Damodar Kunda, Janakpur Dham, Devghat, Valmiki Ashram, Lumbini and Chitwan National Park 10 - 13 8. Kailash-Mansarovar with Chardham Yatra 14 9. Kailash-Mansarovar with Shree Amarnath Yatra 15 10. Shree Amarnath Yatra only 16 - 17 11. Chardham Yatra only 18 - 19 12. Jyotirling Darshan Yatra 20 - 21 13. Narmad Parikrama-Arunachal Hill-Pancha Mahabhoot Yatra 22 14. Swaminarayan Trail Tour 23 - 24 15. World-wide Contact Details 26 2 Karnali Excursions Kailash Yatra 2020 3 Om Namah Shivaya! “As the dew is dried up by the morning sun, so are the sins of human beings by the sight of Mt. Kailash and Lake Manasarovar” - Skanda Purana” Holy Mount Kailash is believed as an important pilgrimage destination as well as a power point, where it is possible to gain inspiration and energy to transform oneself from this physical to higher spiritual level. The custom of circumambulating Mount Kailash is believed to purify the soul and cultivate in each visiting pilgrim the ability to experience the divinity. -
Why I Became a Hindu
Why I became a Hindu Parama Karuna Devi published by Jagannatha Vallabha Vedic Research Center Copyright © 2018 Parama Karuna Devi All rights reserved Title ID: 8916295 ISBN-13: 978-1724611147 ISBN-10: 1724611143 published by: Jagannatha Vallabha Vedic Research Center Website: www.jagannathavallabha.com Anyone wishing to submit questions, observations, objections or further information, useful in improving the contents of this book, is welcome to contact the author: E-mail: [email protected] phone: +91 (India) 94373 00906 Please note: direct contact data such as email and phone numbers may change due to events of force majeure, so please keep an eye on the updated information on the website. Table of contents Preface 7 My work 9 My experience 12 Why Hinduism is better 18 Fundamental teachings of Hinduism 21 A definition of Hinduism 29 The problem of castes 31 The importance of Bhakti 34 The need for a Guru 39 Can someone become a Hindu? 43 Historical examples 45 Hinduism in the world 52 Conversions in modern times 56 Individuals who embraced Hindu beliefs 61 Hindu revival 68 Dayananda Saraswati and Arya Samaj 73 Shraddhananda Swami 75 Sarla Bedi 75 Pandurang Shastri Athavale 75 Chattampi Swamikal 76 Narayana Guru 77 Navajyothi Sree Karunakara Guru 78 Swami Bhoomananda Tirtha 79 Ramakrishna Paramahamsa 79 Sarada Devi 80 Golap Ma 81 Rama Tirtha Swami 81 Niranjanananda Swami 81 Vireshwarananda Swami 82 Rudrananda Swami 82 Swahananda Swami 82 Narayanananda Swami 83 Vivekananda Swami and Ramakrishna Math 83 Sister Nivedita -
Ayodhya: the Backbone of Hindu Ideology
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 9, Issue 12, December 2018, pp. 736-743, Article ID: IJCIET_09_12_078 Available online at http://iaeme.com/Home/issue/IJCIET?Volume=9&Issue=12 ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316 © IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed AYODHYA: THE BACKBONE OF HINDU IDEOLOGY Ar. Madhavendra Pratap Singh Department of Architecture, Amity University, Lucknow Campus, India, Dr. Vandana Sehgal Faculty of Architecture, Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow Campus, India, ABSTRACT Ayodhya is known as one of the ancient cities in India and the birthplace of Lord Ram. The city is considered to be a religious Centre for Hinduism and hence an attraction for millions of devotees across the world. The city can be called as a Vatican of India in terms of a religious centre where thousands of years old teaching and preaches are being practised on a daily basis not only by the Sadhus but by the locals living within the city. Situated on the bank of Saryu river, like all the early civilizations in India; the city has provided an ultimate source of water supply to the nearby settlements to flourish. According to the Hindu mythology in Ramayana, the city was founded by Manu (the first man in Veda). Lord Ram who was believed to be the seventh incarnation of Lord Vishnu (approx. 900000 years) was born in the city and became the most celebrated king of the Surya Dynasty and under his regime, the city became the capital of Hinduism [5]. With the rise of the Buddhism in the sixth and seventh century the city has lost its character of a holy city in Hinduism but later the city again became the spiritual centre when it was rediscovered by Vikramaditya.