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Spartina Versicolor Fabre: Another Case of Spartina Trans-Atlantic Introduction? Alex Baumel, Mathieu Rousseau-Gueutin, C

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Spartina versicolor Fabre: Another case of Spartina trans-Atlantic introduction? Alex Baumel, Mathieu Rousseau-Gueutin, C. Sapienza-Bianchi, Agnès Gareil, N. Duong, Hélène Rousseau, Olivier Coriton, Rachid Amirouche, S. Sciandrello, B. Duarte, et al. To cite this version: Alex Baumel, Mathieu Rousseau-Gueutin, C. Sapienza-Bianchi, Agnès Gareil, N. Duong, et al.. Spartina versicolor Fabre: Another case of Spartina trans-Atlantic introduction?. Biological Inva- sions, Springer Verlag, 2016, 18 (8), pp.2123-2135. 10.1007/s10530-016-1128-z. hal-01355664 HAL Id: hal-01355664 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01355664 Submitted on 25 Apr 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Biol Invasions (2016) 18:2123–2135 DOI 10.1007/s10530-016-1128-z INVASIVE SPARTINA Spartina versicolor Fabre: Another case of Spartina trans-Atlantic introduction? A. Baumel . M. Rousseau-Gueutin . C. Sapienza-Bianchi . A. Gareil . N. Duong . H. Rousseau . O. Coriton . R. Amirouche . S. Sciandrello . B. Duarte . I. Cac¸ador . J. M. Castillo . M. Ainouche Received: 23 March 2015 / Accepted: 20 March 2016 Ó Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 Abstract Intercontinental introductions are wide- similarity to the Atlantic American species Spartina spread in the genus Spartina, with important ecolog- patens. We performed extensive sampling of S. ical and evolutionary consequences. The native or versicolor in Europe and North Africa (from natural introduced status of Spartina species is then critical populations and herbarium collections) and compared with regard to biodiversity assessment, especially for these samples to other European and American vulnerable Mediterranean coastline ecosystems. Spar- Spartina species (including S. patens). Chromosome tina versicolor was first recorded in southern France in counts were reported for the first time and revealed 1849, then successively in various places on the that S. versicolor is tetraploid (2n = 4x = 40). Phy- European and North-African Mediterranean and logenetic analyses based on chloroplast and nuclear Atlantic coasts. This species is considered to be either ribosomal DNA sequences did not reveal any molec- a European native or an invasive species introduced ular variation within S. versicolor. In this species, a from North America which has a high morphological single haplotype, that is identical to one haplotype of S. patens, was found in the four chloroplast and the nuclear ribosomal ITS regions investigated. In addi- Guest editors: Alan Gray and Malika Ainouche/Invasive tion, simple sequence repeat markers were used and Spartina. revealed a low level of genetic diversity within S. versicolor, suggesting that the introduction of S. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10530-016-1128-z) contains supple- mentary material, which is available to authorized users. A. Baumel Á N. Duong M. Rousseau-Gueutin Aix Marseille Universite´, Institut Me´diterrane´en de INRA, UMR 1349, Institut de Ge´ne´tique, Environnement Biodiversite´ et d’Ecologie (IMBE, UMR CNRS, IRD, et Protection des Plantes, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex, France Avignon Universite´), Technopoˆle de l’Environnement Arbois-Me´diterrane´e, BP 80, O. Coriton 13545 Aix-en-Provence Cedex 04, France Plate-Forme de Cytoge´ne´tique Mole´culaire, INRA, UMR 1349, Institut de Ge´ne´tique, Environnement et Protection M. Rousseau-Gueutin Á C. Sapienza-Bianchi Á des Plantes, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex, France A. Gareil Á H. Rousseau Á M. Ainouche (&) UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio, OSUR (Observatoire des R. Amirouche Sciences de l’Univers de Rennes), Universite´ de Rennes Universite´ des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari 1/Universite´ Europe´enne de Bretagne, 35042 Rennes, Boumediene, Laboratoire de Biologie et Physiologie des France Organismes, BP 32 El-Alia, 16111 Bab-Ezzouar, Alger, e-mail: [email protected] Algeria 123 2124 A. Baumel et al. versicolor occurred from a narrow genetic pool of S. In Spartina (cordgrasses), recurrent intercontinental patens from North America. introduction events and biological invasions are partic- ularly common and well-documented (Daehler and Keywords Cordgrass Á Genetic diversity Á Species Strong 1996a, b;SanLe´on et al. 1999;Baumeletal. status Á Mediterranean Á Microsatellites Á Phylogeny 2001;Sanche´z-Gullon 2001; Ayres et al. 2004;Anetal. 2007;Ainoucheetal.2009; Campos et al. 2004; Lonard et al. 2010; Saarela 2012; Strong and Ayres 2013). This grass genus (Poaceae, Chloridoideae) represents a well- Introduction supported monophyletic lineage (Baumel et al. 2002; Fortune et al. 2007) closely related to some members of Wetland habitats are among the most threatened in the the paraphyletic Sporobolus genus and Calamovilfa Mediterranean as a consequence of intense urbaniza- (Peterson et al. 2014). It is composed of about 15 tion, anthropogenic disturbance and increased number perennial species that have diversified mostly in the of invasive taxa (Me´dail and Verlaque 1997). In New World (Mobberley 1956). Introduction of species France, Mediterranean wetlands are among the habi- outside their native range over the past 150 years has tats that are the most colonized by invasive species accelerated diversification by facilitating hybridization (Verlaque et al. 2002). Because surveys of biodiversity with native species, introgression or speciation, result- are generally poorly coordinated in the Mediterranean ing in several superimposed divergent genomes that biodiversity hotspot (Marignani et al. 2014), inference coexist in the species currently found in the wild of the native or introduced plant species status is not (Ainouche et al. 2012).The basic (haploid) chromosome trivial. This status is an essential parameter for number in Spartina is considered to be x = 10 biodiversity management and conservation biology. (Marchant 1968), and all species recorded to date are It also represents critical information with regard to polyploid, ranging from tetraploids to dodecaploids. population and species evolutionary history. Estab- Molecular phylogenies from nuclear and chloroplast lishing native status for a species in a given region is DNA sequences have indicated that genus Spartina has not an easy task and requires a combination of evolved through two main lineages including tetraploid different approaches to elucidate the origin, mode of and hexaploid species respectively (Baumel et al. 2002). formation and biogeography of the considered taxon. The tetraploid lineage is composed of species native to The increased opportunities for long-distance human- the New World, colonising coastal or inland salt mediated species dispersal make these researches even marshes from either Northern (Spartina patens, Spar- more complex (Kowarik 2003). In this context, tina bakeri, Spartina gracilis, Spartina cynusoroides, molecular markers and evolutionary genetics provide Spartina pectinata)orSouthern(Spartina ciliata, important insight to trace back population, species Spartina arundinacea) hemispheres. The tetraploid S. origin and migration history (Mansion et al. 2008; argentinensis (syn. S. spartinae), which has a disjunct Hardion et al. 2014). distribution in North-Central America and in South- America, is sister to the hexaploid lineage. This later clade is composed of Spartina maritima, Spartina alterniflora,andSpartina foliosa, all colonizing low S. Sciandrello marsh zones. Spartina maritima, native to the Western Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, via Alongo 18, Europe and African Atlantic coasts, is one of the few Old 95125 Catania, Italy World native species with recent taxa of hybrid origin and the controversial S. versicolor (see below). Acci- B. Duarte Á I. Cac¸ador dental or deliberate introductions lead to various MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon, Campo hybridization events within or between the tetraploid Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal and hexaploid lineages (reviewed in Ainouche et al. 2012; Strong and Ayres 2013). J. M. Castillo In Europe, introductions of the hexaploid S. Departamento de Biologı´a Vegetal y Ecologı´a, Facultad de Biologia, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado 1095, alterniflora, native to the Atlantic American coasts 41080 Seville, Spain and its subsequent hybridization with hexaploid S. 123 Spartina versicolor Fabre: Another case of Spartina trans-Atlantic introduction? 2125 maritima led to the formation of two sterile F1 hybrids Arcachon (Coste 1906). Since then, S. versicolor has in Southern England (S. x townsendii) and in South- established all along the western Mediteranean coasts: west France (S. x neyrautii). Genome duplication in in Corsica (Jeanmonod and Burdet 1989) as well as on the British hybrid resulted in the vigorous and fertile the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts of the Iberian allododecaploid S. anglica (Hubbard 1968; Gue´ne´gou Peninsula (Sanche´z-Gullo´n 2001). S. versicolor was et al. 1988; Gray et al. 1990; Gray et al. 1991).
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