045 – Puzzle Genres — Fonts Puzzle

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

045 – Puzzle Genres — Fonts Puzzle 045 – Puzzle Genres — Fonts puzzle — Word puzzles Word games/puzzles are spoken, paper-&-pencil or board games often designed to test ability with language or to explore its properties. ● Scrabble There are a number of different types of this game, with every game having the same end goal : try to spell or form a word using the letters that you are given. Each player will be given set letters and will have to use them to create words, generally on a grid, and usually intersecting with other letters and words that have already been played. It is a great way to test not only spelling, but also vocabulary skills and even thinking skills. As players place more and more letters on the board, these games tend to become much more difficult, as there are fewer spaces that are left for players to play their letters. ● Word Search For adults or children, these puzzles require players to try to find specific words in a jumble of other letters. The letters are usually laid out in a traditional grid, with letters neatly in rows and columns, which allows players to quickly and easily find the words they are looking for. Generally speaking, players can look horizontally, vertically, and diagonally when searching for words. Words can be written forwards and backwards, which can make these puzzles difficult. There are some types of word search puzzles where the user is able to make turns when circling a word, which means that they don’t have to try to stay in a straight line. Puzzle Genres — Fonts puzzle ● Page 1 of 7 ● Crossword These are word puzzles where the user must fill in empty squares with the letters of a word that fits the listed clue. Puzzlers must not only be able to come up with the answer to the problem off the top of their head, but also must be able to spell the word correctly, which can be difficult for some players. The words all connect with other words in the puzzle, which can make it a bit easier for players to figure out the correct answer. In addition to having blank spaces for the words and letters to be written on the sheet, these puzzles also have blacked out squares, which serve to separate words and are used to fill in empty spots on the puzzle. ● Semantics As science, semantics is the science of word meaning. As game, semantics utilise the shared knowledge of players in terms of language. Mad Libs, Blankety Blank and Codenames are all semantic games. ● Upwords … is a board game invented by Elliot Rudell. It is similar to Scrabble or Words With Friends in that players build words using letter tiles on a gridded gameboard. Puzzle Genres — Fonts puzzle ● Page 2 of 7 ● Scattergories … a creative-thinking category-based party game originally published by Parker Brothers in 1988. The objective of the 2-to-6-player game is to score points by uniquely naming objects within a set of categories, given an initial letter, within a time limit. The game is based on a traditional game known as Tutti Frutti, Jeu du Baccalauréat or Stadt Land Fluss. ● Fortunately, Unfortunately … is a word game first played at conventions of the National Puzzlers' League in the late 1980s. It was invented and introduced by one-time NPL president David Scott Marley. A version of the game - Good News, Bad News - was popularized by the BBC radio. The game is best played in groups with an odd number of people. It is often played on Internet forum ● Spelling This type of puzzle is a great option for adults to compete with children, as they all require to work on their spelling skills. It provides a wonderful opportunity for children to learn more about definitions and vocabulary. ● Anagram Also published under names such Snatch and Word Making and Taking, it is a tile-based word game that involves rearranging letter tiles to form new words from one already formed. The game pieces consist of a set of tiles with letters on them. Another variant is Jumbled. Puzzle Genres — Fonts puzzle ● Page 3 of 7 ● Ambigram These puzzles consist of a word, symbolic representation, or piece of art that can be viewed in different ways and interpreted according to how it is viewed. They are generally an exercise not only in thought and determining the word that is represented, but also in trying to read the word from a variety of different angles to see how many ways it can be read. ● Rebus … combines the use of illustrated pictures with individual letters to depict words and/or phrases. For example : the word "been" might be depicted by a rebus showing an illustrated bumblebee next to the letter "n". ● Cryptogram This is type of puzzle that consists of a short piece of encrypted text. ● Modern word games As part of the modern "Golden Age" of board games, designers have created a variety of newer, non-traditional word games, often with more complex rules. Games like Codenames, Decrypto, and Anomia were all designed after 2010, and have earned widespread acclaim. Mobile games like Words with Friends and Word Connect have also brought word games to modern audiences. Words with Friends Puzzle Genres — Fonts puzzle ● Page 4 of 7 — Number puzzles Number puzzles have specific set of rules you first has to figure out the pattern being followed and then answer the puzzle according to it. Number puzzles are a part of many competitive examinations, helping to improve logical thinking in an entertaining way. Math is fun ! ● Magic Square In a magic square, every row, column and each of the diagonals add up to the same total. ● Sudoku … is a logic-based, combinatorial number- placement puzzle. In classic sudoku, the objective is to fill a 9×9 grid with digits so that each column, each row, and each of the nine 3×3 subgrids that compose the grid (also called "boxes", "blocks" or "regions") contain all of the digits from 1 to 9. The puzzle setter provides a partially completed grid, which for a well-posed puzzle has a single solution. ● KenKen KenKen and KenDoku are trademarked names for a style of arithmetic and logic puzzle invented in 2004 by Japanese math teacher Tetsuya Miyamoto, who intended the puzzles to be an instruction-free method of training the brain. The objective is to fill the grid in with the digits 1 through 6 following a list of rules. Puzzle Genres — Fonts puzzle ● Page 5 of 7 ● Kakuro Kakuro is a kind of logic puzzle that is often referred to as a mathematical transliteration of the crossword. Kakuro puzzles are regular features in many math-and-logic puzzle publications across the world. In 1966 ● Tower of Hanoi … is a mathematical game or puzzle. It consists of three rods and a number of disks of different sizes, which can slide onto any rod. The puzzle starts with the disks in a neat stack in ascending order of size on one rod, the smallest at the top, thus making a conical shape. The objective of the puzzle is to move the entire stack to another rod, obeying the following simple rules. ● Hashiwokakero (Bridges Game) … is played on a rectangular grid with no standard size, although the grid itself is not usually drawn. Some cells start out with (usually encircled) numbers from 1 to 8 inclusive - these are the "islands". The rest of the cells are empty. The goal is to connect all of the islands by drawing a series of bridges following certain criteria. ● Dominoes The traditional set of dominoes contains one unique piece for each possible combination of two ends with zero to six spots, and is known as a double-six set because the highest-value piece has six pips on each end (the "double six"). Domino tiles (also known as "bones"), are normally twice as long as they are wide, featuring a line in the middle to divide them Puzzle Genres — Fonts puzzle ● Page 6 of 7 visually into two squares. There are several ways to play Dominoes, each with their specific rules. ● Verbal arithmetic … is a type of mathematical game consisting of a mathematical equation among unknown numbers, whose digits are represented by letters. Places to play single-player scrabble online for free : ScrabbleGames.Info FunkyPotato.com Pogo.com Scrabble Sprint – on Poki.com Scrabble Blast - on WiredArcade.com Lexulous.com PlayClassic.Games AOL.com/Games Places to download for free recreational-mathematic puzzles : education.com wodb.ca mathpickle.com Source : Wikipedia Puzzle Genres — Fonts puzzle ● Page 7 of 7 .
Recommended publications
  • Words Should Be Fun: Scrabble As a Tool for Language Preservation in Tuvan and Other Local Languages1
    Vol. 4 (2010), pp. 213-230 http://nflrc.hawaii.edu/ldc/ http://hdl.handle.net/10125/4480 Words should be fun: Scrabble as a tool for language preservation in Tuvan and other local languages1 Vitaly Voinov The University of Texas at Arlington One small but practical way of empowering speakers of an endangered language to maintain their language’s vitality amidst a climate of rapid globalization is to introduce a mother-tongue version of the popular word game Scrabble into their society. This paper examines how versions of Scrabble have been developed and used for this purpose in various endangered or non-prestige languages, with a focus on the Tuvan language of south Siberia, for which the author designed a Tuvan version of the game. Playing Scrab- ble in their mother tongue offers several benefits to speakers of an endangered language: it presents a communal approach to group literacy, promotes the use of a standardized orthography, creates new opportunities for intergenerational transmission of the language, expands its domains of usage, and may heighten the language’s external and internal prestige. Besides demonstrating the benefits of Scrabble, the paper also offers practical suggestions concerning both linguistic factors (e.g., choice of letters to be included, cal- culation of letter frequencies, dictionary availability) and non-linguistic factors (board de- sign, manufacturing, legal issues, etc.) relevant to producing Scrabble in other languages for the purpose of revitalization. 1. INTRODUCTION.2 The past several decades have seen globalization penetrating even the most remote corners of the world, bringing with them popular American exports such as Coca-Cola and Hollywood movies.
    [Show full text]
  • Circuit of Computer Science Unplugged Activities Based on the Life of Ada Lovelace
    Circuit of Computer Science Unplugged activities based on the life of Ada Lovelace 1st Given Name Surname 2nd Given Name Surname 3rd Given Name Surname dept. name of organization (of Aff.) dept. name of organization (of Aff.) dept. name of organization (of Aff.) name of organization (of Aff.) name of organization (of Aff.) name of organization (of Aff.) City, Country City, Country City, Country email address email address email address Abstract—Ada Lovelace’s life is a source of inspiration for defining what are the highest priority tasks and iv) create women and men of all ages, for being a bright-minded and algorithms to solve them. visionary person. His greatest achievement was to have written Unplugged computing occurs through playful activities, the first computer program in history. This article presents a methodological proposal for didactic use of a children’s book group dynamics, and material elaboration. Bell et al. (2015) about Ada Lovelace by proposing a circuit of unplugged activities have been concerned with solving issues that can arise as soon in order to refine the computational thinking (CT) in children and as we are introduced to computing: how do computers work adolescents. This methodology was applied in a workshop during and what do computers solve? The book of such authors, titled the BLIND in the BLIND Conference. A quali-quantitative “CS unplugged: Computer Science without a Computer”, has analysis performed with participants indicates the suitability of the proposed methodology. many activities that can be reproduced with children in an easy Index Terms—computational thinking, cs unplugged, stem, and intuitive way.
    [Show full text]
  • THE ART of Puzzle Game Design
    THE ART OF Puzzle Design Scott Kim & Alexey Pajitnov with Bob Bates, Gary Rosenzweig, Michael Wyman March 8, 2000 Game Developers Conference These are presentation slides from an all-day tutorial given at the 2000 Game Developers Conference in San Jose, California (www.gdconf.com). After the conference, the slides will be available at www.scottkim.com. Puzzles Part of many games. Adventure, education, action, web But how do you create them? Puzzles are an important part of many computer games. Cartridge-based action puzzle gamse, CD-ROM puzzle anthologies, adventure game, and educational game all need good puzzles. Good News / Bad News Mental challenge Marketable? Nonviolent Dramatic? Easy to program Hard to invent? Growing market Small market? The good news is that puzzles appeal widely to both males and females of all ages. Although the market is small, it is rapidly expanding, as computers become a mass market commodity and the internet shifts computer games toward familiar, quick, easy-to-learn games. Outline MORNING AFTERNOON What is a puzzle? Guest Speakers Examples Exercise Case studies Question & Design process Answer We’ll start by discussing genres of puzzle games. We’ll study some classic puzzle games, and current projects. We’ll cover the eight steps of the puzzle design process. We’ll hear from guest speakers. Finally we’ll do hands-on projects, with time for question and answer. What is a Puzzle? Five ways of defining puzzle games First, let’s map out the basic genres of puzzle games. Scott Kim 1. Definition of “Puzzle” A puzzle is fun and has a right answer.
    [Show full text]
  • Can You Change MAN to APE? Computers Can
    Can a Computer Solve a Word Puzzle? - or - Can You Change MAN to APE? Computers can add; they can store numbers; they can solve equations. But word puzzles ask for abilities we don't usually associate with computers. Can we apply computational thinking to these unusual problems? To do so, we have to understand how we solve these puzzles, and identify those parts of our thought processes that can be \explained" to a computer. Computational Thinking In this discussion, we will look at a simple word puzzle. If we think about how we solve such puzzles, we can identify some mental pro- cesses (human thinking) that a computer would have to mimic: • memory: we need to know a lot of words; • imagination: we need to imagine possible changes to a word; • evaluation: given several possible changes, we need to choose the one most likely to take us to our goal; • backtracking: when a choice doesn't work out, we need to backtrack and search for an alternate choice; If we want a computer to solve these puzzles, we have to understand how we do them first, and then try to translate our thinking into computational thinking. DOUBLETS: Invented by Lewis Carroll DOUBLETS: Invented by Lewis Carroll Lewis Carroll, who wrote the children's book \Alice in Wonderland", was very fond of word games and puzzles. He asked a riddle that no one has solved: Why is a raven like a writing desk?. He wrote poems like Jabberwocky full of nonsense words, a few of which were absorbed into English: burbled and gallumphing.
    [Show full text]
  • By Prof. Mcgonagall Solution to STEPS TOLD: the Grid with The
    By Prof. McGonagall weeks belong to a set, such that their an- swers form this meta. Those answers are Solution to STEPS TOLD: reproduced below for your convenience. Thegridwiththewhiteandblackcircles Especially now, without a title or flavor- (ignoring the letters for now) is the Nikoli text to give outright hints, it is important logic puzzle ‘‘Masyu’’. Solving that puzzle to keep in mind Rule 9: Always be on the yieldsapaththroughthegrid. Takingeach lookout for themes and patterns. Para- letteralongthatpathspellstheinstruction graph breaks in a block of text, repeated ‘‘MAKE A CRYPTIC CLUE BY USING THE words or letters, apparent typos or non- REMAINING LETTERS IN ORDER’’. standard word selections -- these all can When read left to right, top to bottom, point to clues. Keep your eyes open, and the unused letters in the grid spell the investigate anything that looks unusual. phrase ‘‘SILLY SEATS RING RED PEERS’’. Enjoy your last day of class, and as This is read as a cryptic crossword clue: always, if you think you have the answer, the definition is ‘‘peers’’, and the wordplay submit it on our website below. tells you to mix up the letters of ‘‘seats’’ We’ll see some of you this Sunday at and place them around the letter ‘R’ (for the Berkeley Mystery Hunt! red). This results in the answer, STARES. The title is another wordplay clue to the METAPUZZLE same answer -- ‘‘told’’ indicates a homo- phone of ‘‘stairs’’, a synonym of ‘‘steps’’. DOTING Congratulations to Jevon Heath and REDUB Melinda Fricke, who first submitted the COLORED correct answer to this puzzle. ONES STARTING This now brings us to the metapuz- REDSTAR zle, a new puzzle consisting solely of the COSTARRED answers to all previous puzzles.
    [Show full text]
  • Metrics for Better Puzzles 1 Introduction
    Metrics for Better Puzzles Cameron Browne Computational Creativity Group Imperial College London [email protected] Abstract. While most chapters of this book deal with run-time telemetry observed from user data, we turn now to a different type of metric, namely design-time metrics for level generation. We describe Hour Maze, a new type of pure deduction puzzle, and outline methods for the automated generation and solution of lev- els. Solution involves a deductive search that estimates a level’s iterative and strategic depth. This information, together with sym- metry analysis of wall and hint distributions, provides useful met- rics with which levels may be classified and described. Results from a user survey indicate that players’ enjoyment of computer- designed levels may be affected by their perception of whether those levels are indeed computer-designed or handcrafted by hu- mans. We suggest ways in which puzzle metrics may be used to increase the perception of intelligence and personality behind level designs, to make them more interesting for players. Keywords. Logic puzzle; Hour Maze; Nikoli; deductive search; quality metrics; procedural content generation. 1 Introduction The current crop of smart phones and handheld game devices are the ideal plat- form for logic puzzles, which are enjoying a surge in popularity due to the main- stream success of titles such as Sudoku and Kakuro. Such puzzles can be played easily on small screens without losing any of their appeal, and can provide a deep, engaging playing experience while being conveniently short and self-contained. Fig. 1 shows a new logic puzzle called Hour Maze currently under develop- ment for iOS devices.
    [Show full text]
  • Grade 7 & 8 Math Circles Logic Puzzles Introduction Strategies
    Faculty of Mathematics Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1 Grade 7 & 8 Math Circles October 29/30, 2013 Logic Puzzles Introduction Mathematics isn't at all about memorizing formulas or doing procedures over and over. It's all about thinking logically, finding patterns and connections, and solving problems. A logic puzzle is a problem, challenge, or game that requires the player to use forms of critical thinking to arrive at a solution. Strategies Some tips to keep in mind when solving logic puzzles: • Read and reread the problem until you fully understand it and its goals. • Organize your information in a chart or diagram to focus only on relevant points. • Use logical reasoning to eliminate options. • Tackle simpler sub problems, but keep the big picture in mind. • List out all of the possibilities if you can, and use \guess and check". • Take it one step at a time. • Use a puzzle's rules and guidelines to double-check your work. • Be persistent. If you become stuck, remember that these problems are meant to be fun! The most important thing to remember when working on logic puzzles is that they are logical; every step has to make sense and be verifiable. 1 Sudoku The goal when filling out a sudoku is to enter a number from 1 to 9 in each box of the puzzle. Each row, column, and outlined 3 × 3 region must contain each number only once. Example I 2D-Sudoku Fill every row, columns, and shaded diagonal with the numbers from 1 to 5. Example II 2 Minesweeper Draw a mine in some cells of the grid.
    [Show full text]
  • {Dоwnlоаd/Rеаd PDF Bооk} Snatch It Word Game
    SNATCH IT WORD GAME PDF, EPUB, EBOOK U S Games Systems | none | 28 Apr 2011 | U.S. Games | 9781572815179 | English | CT, United States Snatch It Word Game PDF Book Our editors independently research, test, and recommend the best products; you can learn more about our review process here. The gameplay is fairly straightforward: Form different words using randomly assorted letters. Story Time Twist is a group word game that gets kids thinking on their feet and using their creativity. This top pick is geared towards providing a great overall game experience while helping any player — but especially younger children — develop certain spelling and word-recognition skills they may otherwise not want to practice in a more academic environment. Step Two: Using the remote control, move from channel to channel, searching for words that begin with each letter. Free Games Free Games has "Lexulous," an online "Scrabble" game, along with "WordTris," a "Tetris"-style word game where letters fall from the screen and you must stack them in order to create words while on a clock. Step One: Pick out a page from a story you've just read, or choose a poem you know. Pass out one bingo card and five books to each player. Learn how to play this group word game for kids on the next page. Step Two: If they do, they must search through their books for the page number page 12 and find a word that begins with that letter B. He is a contributor to sites like Renderosity and Animotions. Can you tell right from wrong? Learn about this group word game for kids on the next page.
    [Show full text]
  • Letters in Squares- Word Puzzles in English
    UNIVERZA V MARIBORU FILOZOFSKA FAKULTETA ODDELEK ZA ANGLISTIKO IN AMERIKANISTIKO Diplomsko delo LETTERS IN SQUARES- WORD PUZZLES IN ENGLISH Mentorica: Kandidatka: Doc.dr. Katja Plemenitaš Mateja Vinovrški Maribor, 2010 ZAHVALA Hvala vsem, ki ste kakorkoli pomagali, da je ta naloga tukaj! U N I V E R Z A V M A R I B O R U F I L O Z O F S K A F A K U L T E T A Koroška cesta 160 2000 Mariboor IZJAVA O AVTORSTVU Podpisana Mateja Vinovrški, rojena 23. aprila 1980 v Mariboru, študentka Filozofske fakultete Univerze v Mariboru, smer angleški jezik s književnostjo in biologija, izjavljam, da je diplomsko delo z naslovom Črke v kvadratih – besedne uganke v angleščini oz. Letters in squares – Word puzzles in English pri mentorici doc. dr. Katji Plemenitaš, avtorsko delo. V diplomskem delu so uporabljeni viri in literatura korektno navedeni; teksti niso prepisani brez navedbe avtorjev. ABSTRACT Word puzzles and games are an important tool for learning and consolidating language. They appear in various forms and in various media (books, online, board games and newspapers). This diploma thesis presents the history of word puzzles and offers a classification of different types of word puzzles and games. In order to gauge how English language-learning materials in Slovenia utilize word puzzles, an analysis of the number of occurrences and variety of word puzzles in English language study books that are offered in Slovenia is also presented. A survey among Slovenian primary school learners has been made regarding the use of crosswords in the classroom and its results are also presented.
    [Show full text]
  • THE ' ' ' Ttt ~~ It·Ttttttt T
    THE The Independent Newspaper Serving Notre Dame and Saint Mary's VOLUME 43: ISSUE 26 TUESDAY. SEPTEMBER 30.2008 NDSMCOBSERVER.COM Panel: Journalism's future unclear ELECTION 2008 Advisory Committee for Gallivan Program says Internet radically changes profession Activists effect of the Internet on print By MADELINE BUCKLEY journalism. call for News Writer The upcoming years will be a period of adjustment for print The Advisory Committee for journalists because of the fast energy the Gallivan Program of information available on the Journalism discussed the web, but newspapers and the changing landscape of Internet are different enough Journalism with students to be maintained on a different leadership Monday, focusing on the stu­ basis, Dwyre said. For exam­ dents' future career options in ple, papers might no longer the industry. print lists of final scores of var­ By JOHN TIERNEY The panelists looked at how ious games, but the papers will News Writer technology has changed the tell the reader why a team traditional form of print jour­ won, he said. nalism and what those changes Dwyre said the next genera­ Strong political leadership is will mean in the future. tion of journalists would be necessary to resolve the prob­ "Newspapers will never quite part of the adjustment process. lems presented by the energy be the same," Bill Dwyre, for­ "You will be part of the sort­ crisis, professor of Chemical Engineering Mark McCready mer sports editor and current ing through process," he said. JESS LEE/The Observer columnist for the Los Angeles Journalists Tom Bettag, left, and Dan LeDuc talk about how said Monday at Pizza, Pop, and Times, said regarding the see PANEL/page 4 recent advances in technology have affected the profession.
    [Show full text]
  • Word Jumble Challenges - 41 Pdf, Epub, Ebook
    WORD JUMBLE CHALLENGES - 41 PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Vaibhav Devanathan | 104 pages | 16 Aug 2020 | Independently Published | 9798675872015 | English | none Word Jumble Challenges - 41 PDF Book Dealing with Missing Letters The one thing this puzzle solver can't navigate is missing letters like a crossword puzzle. She loaded up other word jumble help sites on her cell phone. Daily Jumble December 31 Answers. The young son has typically loaded up on rolls and a little meat. Construct a Bridge. Contact Me. Well done!!! Scrabble Word Finder The tool also doubles as a scrabble word finder. In this game, you have to unscramble an unlimited number of words that will never let you get bored easily. That meant there was always a risk of someone meddling with the page spammy ads or malware as it moved across the public Internet. I liked it! Word Games! Designed to defeat any word jumble maker. Especially for Americans, who can barely speak just English! Scrabble Cheatah : Still trying to find a word maker? Mahjong Dynasty. Word Unscrambler is a simple online tool for unscrambling or solving scrambled words, typically useful in generating valid words from puzzle games such as Scrabble, Words with Friends, Wordfeud, Wordscraper, TextTwist, Word Cookies, Anagrams etc. Jigsaw Puzzle Christmas. The answer letter layout was an interesting ten letter jumble. Fine eleven letter jumble for the answer letter layout. Play the best free online Jumble Games on Word Games! Good morning. Daily Jumble January 16 Answers. We built tools to unscramble letters , unscramble words. Wood Blocks. Mila's Magic Shop. It is up to you to craft them into meaningful sentences.
    [Show full text]
  • A Simple Solution to the Hardest Logic Puzzle Ever 105 11 Potts, C
    a simple solution to the hardest logic puzzle ever 105 11 Potts, C. 2005. The Logic of Conventional Implicatures. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Searle, J. R. and D. Vanderveken. 1985. Foundations of Illocutionary Logic. Cam- bridge: Cambridge University Press. Zwicky, A. M. 1974. Hey, Whatsyourname! In Papers from the Tenth Regional Meeting, Chicago Linguistic Society, ed. M. W. LaGaly, R. A. Fox and A. Bruck. Chicago: Chicago Linguistic Society. A simple solution to the hardest logic puzzle ever Brian Rabern & Landon Rabern We present the simplest solution ever to ‘the hardest logic puzzle ever’. We then modify the puzzle to make it even harder and give a simple solution to the modified puzzle. The final sections investigate exploding god-heads and a two-question solution to the original puzzle. 1. The simplest solution to the ‘hard’ puzzle The puzzle. Three gods A, B, and C are called, in some order, ‘True’, ‘False’, and ‘Random’. True always speaks truly, False always speaks falsely, but whether Random speaks truly or falsely is a completely random matter. Your task is to determine the identities of A, B, and C by asking three yes-no questions; each question must be put to exactly one god. The gods understand English, but will answer all questions in their own lan- guage, in which the words for ‘yes’ and ‘no’ are ‘da’ and ‘ja’, in some order. You do not know which word means which.1 1 Boolos 1996: 62. The so-called ‘hardest logic puzzle ever’ is coined as such by George Boolos. Boolos credits the logician Raymond Smullyan as the originator of the puzzle and the computer scientist John McCarthy with adding the difficulty of not knowing what ‘da’ and ‘ja’ mean.
    [Show full text]