Chapter 5. Goodbye to Downtown Longview, 1978 to 1995
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The American Tradition of Language Rights: the Forgotten Right to Government in a Known Tongue Jose Roberto Juarez Jr
Law & Inequality: A Journal of Theory and Practice Volume 13 | Issue 2 Article 6 1995 The American Tradition of Language Rights: The Forgotten Right to Government in a Known Tongue Jose Roberto Juarez Jr. Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.law.umn.edu/lawineq Recommended Citation Jose R. Juarez Jr., The American Tradition of Language Rights: The Forgotten Right to Government in a Known Tongue, 13 Law & Ineq. 443 (1995). Available at: http://scholarship.law.umn.edu/lawineq/vol13/iss2/6 Law & Inequality: A Journal of Theory and Practice is published by the University of Minnesota Libraries Publishing. The American Tradition of Language Rights: The Forgotten Right to Government in a "Known Tongue" Jos6 Roberto Judrez, Jr.* Table of Contents I. THE ENGLISH ONLY MOVEMENT ....................... 448 A. The Mixed Record of Challenges Under Federal Law to English Only Laws and Practices ......... 451 B. The New Federalism & Language Rights: Unexplored Law .................................. 452 C. The Texas Constitution as an Appropriate Starting Point for the Examination of Language Rights Under State Constitutions ........................ 453 II. INTERPRETING THE TEXAS CONSTITUTION .............. 460 A. The Use of HistoricalArgument in Constitutional Interpretation .................................... 460 B. The Use of HistoricalArgument to Interpret the Texas Constitution ............................... 464 C. The Relevance of the History of Prior Texas Constitutions in Interpreting the Current Constitution ...................................... 468 D. The Use of Historical Legislative Practice to Interpret the Texas Constitution .................. 469 III. GOVERNMENT AND LANGUAGE IN SPANISH TEXAS ....... 470 IV. GOVERNMENT AND LANGUAGE IN MEXICAN TEXAS ...... 472 A. The First Contacts with Moses Austin: Multilingualism in Texas Government Begins ..... 472 B. The Efforts of a Small Minority of Anglo-American Immigrants to Learn Spanish ................... -
A New Populist Alliance Notes on the Other
STEVE BARTLETT'S KINDNESS Pg. 12 A JOURNAL OF FREE VOICES AUGUST 31, 1990 • $1.50 RUSSELL LEE/COURTESY UT BARKER HISTORY CENTER A New Populist Alliance The People's Movement Takes a First Step Forward (But Will It March?) Notes on the Other Summit Reporting on What Was Thought and Said in Houston Second Opinion A Valley Doctor's Advice to a National Columnist Also: More Lean. Than Mean —A Review of the Reissue of C.W. Smith's Thin Men of Haddam PORTFOLIO ! N-=; A-141#421/:- •"'s • ' Ali • .13:•• ,-- -,-... gm 4 t;'• ';` W i ` • alFOT 1 .:1W.1 .1111••••_;;" .d1 :4 1.11111t • ,...._ 7.7-' - rim, THE TEXAS 1 411 server A JOURNAL OF FREE VOICES We will serve no group or party but will hew hard to she truth as we find it and the right as we see it. We are dedicated to the whole truth, to human values above all interests. to the rights (r. I-human-kind as the foundation 0 edemocracy: we will sake orders from none but our own conscience, and never will we overlook or misrep- resent the truth to serve the interests of the powerful or cater to the ignoble in the human spirit. Writers are responsible for their own work. but not for anything they have not themselves written, and in publishing them we do not necessarily imply that we agree with them because this is a journal of free voices. SINCE 1954 Publisher: Ronnie Dugger Editor: Louis Dubose Associate Editor: Brett Campbell Copy Editor: Roxanne Bogucka Editorial Interns: Vince Lozano, Richard Arellano, Sean Farrell • 'T. -
Texas, Kansas
This document is from the collections at the Dole Archives, University of Kansas http://dolearchives.ku.edu TRAVEL SCHEDULE TEXAS, KANSAS WEATHER: TEXAS: Partly cloudy Highs in the 70's KANSAS:clear to partly cloudy, lows in the 40's & highs in the 60's MO'S #: 703/684-7848 202/288-0292 SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 1989 7:05pm DEPART Residence for National Airport/Butler Aviation 7:30pm ARRIVE National Airport and proceed to departing aircraft FBO: Butler Aviation 703/549-8340 7:35pm DEPART Washington,DC for Dallas,TX/Love Field (EDT) FBO: Aviall Aircraft: Lear 25(Higgins) Tail number: 715JF Flight time: 2 hours 45 minutes Pilots: Donald Wall Seats: 7 Meal: Dinner Manifest: Senator Dole M. Glassner Page 1 of 80 This document is from the collections at the Dole Archives, University of Kansas http://dolearchives.ku.edu PAGE 2 TRAVEL SCHEDULE TEXAS SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 1989 9:20prn ARRIVE Dallas,TX/Love Field (CDT) FBO: Aviall 214/956-5400 Met by: Licette McSoud - DFP Advance 214/871-8888(0) 214/826-1956(1-I) Sherwood Blount - Gramm supporter(owns Sherwood Blount Realtors) 214/960-8484(0) 214/931-5102(1-I) 9:25prn DEPART airport for Hotel Crescent Court Location: 400 Crescent Court Dallas,TX Drive time: 20 minutes 9:45prn ARRIVE Hotel Crescent Court and proceed to PRIVATE RON---------Dallas,TX 214/871-3200 FAX 214/871-3272 Page 2 of 80 This document is from the collections at the Dole Archives, University of Kansas http://dolearchives.ku.edu PAGE 3 TRAVEL SCHEDULE TEXAS SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 24, 1989 8:40am DEPART PRIVATE for Senator Gramm's Texas -
A Modest Proposal the Westmoreland Affair
POLITICS OF CHOICE Pg. 4 A JOURNAL OF FREE VOICES NOVEMBER 10, 1989 • $1.50 A Modest Proposal The Candidates React to Bill Hobby's Income-Tax Speech The Westmoreland Affair How The Houston Chronicle Beat the Post to a Post Story Nuclear Family The . PUC Picked an Industry Sweetheart to Audit Comanche Peak Also: Michael King on Ishmael Reed and Oscar Romero as Remembered by a Friend DIALOGUE Le Probleme what made us great, Red China vs. Taiwan, Americain don't you imagine? More than 25 years ago I)TIRE •TIX AS I was as shocked to see Carpetbags and The "Flag-Burning in Texas" issue of the Scalawags having a meeting in a motel in Observer arrived in Paris quite a while after Amarillo as I would have been to see server there had been contemptuous articles in the Communists there from Cuba. Now look A JOURNAL OF FREE VOICES European newspapers about the proposed at them. And wrapping themselves in the We will serve no group or party but will hew hard to American flag protection laws and the death flag. the truth as we find it and the right as we see it. We are dedicated to the whole truth, to human values penalty for children and idiots. So that John Smith above all interests, to the rights of humankind as the when, reminded of the latest sorry Paris, France foundation of democracy; we will take orders from reactionary American image campaign, I none but our own conscience, and never will we over- asked a center-right French friend what Did the look or misrepresent the truth to serve the interests of the powerful or cater to the ignoble in the human spirit. -
Que Viva Texas!: the Orf Gotten Right to Government in a “Known Tongue” Jose R
Nova Southeastern University From the SelectedWorks of Jose R. "Beto" Juarez 1999 The American Tradition of Language Rights, ¡Que Viva Texas!: The orF gotten Right to Government in a “Known Tongue” Jose R. "Beto" Juarez, Nova Southeastern University Available at: https://works.bepress.com/jose- juarez/9/ DATE DOWNLOADED: Mon Nov 2 15:42:43 2020 SOURCE: Content Downloaded from HeinOnline Citations: Bluebook 21st ed. Jose Roberto Juarez Jr., American Tradition of Language Rights, Que Viva Texas: The Forgotten Right to Government in a Known Tongue, 1 Scholar 45 (1999). ALWD 6th ed. Juarez, J. ., American Tradition of Language Rights, Que Viva Texas: The Forgotten Right to Government in a Known Tongue, 1 Scholar 45 (1999). APA 7th ed. Juarez, J. (1999). American Tradition of Language Rights, Que Viva Texas: The Forgotten Right to Government in Known Tongue. Scholar: St. Mary's Law Review on Minority Issues, 1, 45-152. Chicago 7th ed. Jose Roberto Juarez Jr., "American Tradition of Language Rights, Que Viva Texas: The Forgotten Right to Government in a Known Tongue," Scholar: St. Mary's Law Review on Minority Issues 1 (1999): 45-152 McGill Guide 9th ed. Jose Roberto Juarez Jr, "American Tradition of Language Rights, Que Viva Texas: The Forgotten Right to Government in a Known Tongue" (1999) 1 Scholar: St. Mary's L Rev on Minority Issues 45. MLA 8th ed. Juarez, Jose Roberto Jr. "American Tradition of Language Rights, Que Viva Texas: The Forgotten Right to Government in a Known Tongue." Scholar: St. Mary's Law Review on Minority Issues, 1, 1999, p. -
Trooper Tales the Texas
THE TEXAS ineuE TROOPER TALES Iloserver Pg. 11 A JOURNAL OF FREE VOICES FEBRUARY 10. 1989 • $1.50 StQvm *21,. IF IT WALKS LIKE A HAWK AND TALKS LIKE A HAWK BUT IT SAYS... `..1- ' • N *. , aft; I AM NOT A MINDLESS citoRY 13E! HAWK... ‘SNeT THAT vow DER FUL NEWS! rift, THE TEXAS NAPPY OIPU server oAYs ARE. A JOURNAL OF FREE VOICES We will serve no group or party but will hew hard to the truth as we find it and the right as we see it. We are dedicated to the whole truth, to human values above all interests, to the rights of humankind as the foundation of democracy; we will take orders from none but our own conscience, and never will we over- look or misrepresent the truth to serve the interests of the powerful or cater to the ignoble in the human spirit. Writers are responsible for their own work, but not for anything they have not themselves written, and in publishing them we do not necessarily imply that we The Chnshan Science Monier agree with them because this is a journal of free voices. JEFF DAN ZIGER SINCE 1954 Publisher: Ronnie Dugger Editor: Dave Denison Associate Editor: Louis Dubose DIALOGUE Editorial Intern: Gregg Watkins Calendar: Elisa Lyles Washington Correspondent: Richard Ryan Contributing Writers: Bill Adler, Betty Brink, Derogatory let's have 12 more months of antinuke, pro- Warren Burnett, Jo Clifton, John Henry Faulk, farmworker, big bad capitalist stories. Terry FitzPatrick, Gregg Franzwa, Bill Helmer, Depictions James Harrington, Amy Johnson, Michael King, I mean how else could the average Texan Mary Lenz, Dana Loy, Tom McClellan. -
The American Tradition of Language Rights: the Forgotten Right to Government in a Known Tongue
Minnesota Journal of Law & Inequality Volume 13 Issue 2 Article 6 December 1995 The American Tradition of Language Rights: The Forgotten Right to Government in a Known Tongue Jose Roberto Juarez Jr. Follow this and additional works at: https://lawandinequality.org/ Recommended Citation Jose R. Juarez Jr., The American Tradition of Language Rights: The Forgotten Right to Government in a Known Tongue, 13(2) LAW & INEQ. 443 (1995). Available at: https://scholarship.law.umn.edu/lawineq/vol13/iss2/6 Minnesota Journal of Law & Inequality is published by the University of Minnesota Libraries Publishing. The American Tradition of Language Rights: The Forgotten Right to Government in a "Known Tongue" Jos6 Roberto Judrez, Jr.* Table of Contents I. THE ENGLISH ONLY MOVEMENT ....................... 448 A. The Mixed Record of Challenges Under Federal Law to English Only Laws and Practices ......... 451 B. The New Federalism & Language Rights: Unexplored Law .................................. 452 C. The Texas Constitution as an Appropriate Starting Point for the Examination of Language Rights Under State Constitutions ........................ 453 II. INTERPRETING THE TEXAS CONSTITUTION .............. 460 A. The Use of HistoricalArgument in Constitutional Interpretation .................................... 460 B. The Use of HistoricalArgument to Interpret the Texas Constitution ............................... 464 C. The Relevance of the History of Prior Texas Constitutions in Interpreting the Current Constitution ...................................... 468 D. The Use of Historical Legislative Practice to Interpret the Texas Constitution .................. 469 III. GOVERNMENT AND LANGUAGE IN SPANISH TEXAS ....... 470 IV. GOVERNMENT AND LANGUAGE IN MEXICAN TEXAS ...... 472 A. The First Contacts with Moses Austin: Multilingualism in Texas Government Begins ..... 472 B. The Efforts of a Small Minority of Anglo-American Immigrants to Learn Spanish ................... -
Longview, Texas - a Inscription: a Community with Chronicled Here on a Year-By-Year Basis
HIS REMARKABLE BOOK was created OW DID CONRAD HILTON acquire his Ton a volunteer basis. Past club presidents HLongview hotel, and why was it so special and other members contributed records, reminis- for him? Who was the mayor during the Oil cences, and photographs. A committee tracked The Club and the Town Boom? Who was the city manager? Where were down relatives of deceased presidents for bio- they born, where did they go to school, and who graphical data and pictures. Sources also includ- were their families? How were the LeTourneau, ed the club’s weekly Rotaview bulletins dating Eastman, and Schlitz plants brought to the city, back to 1943, scrapbooks of newspaper clippings A lace in istory and when? Where was the first Longview mall kept by several club presidents in the 1930s and P H intended to be, and why wasn’t it completed? 1940s, and an earlier club history edited by When was Interstate Highway 20 built through Floyd Huddleston in 1963. The author directed Gregg County? When did racial integration the committee’s efforts and pulled the results LONGVIEW BANK & TRUST, begin in the Longview schools? together in a year’s spare time. Read about these and a thousand other key Thus what is still primarily a club history AN INDEPENDENT, COMMUNITY BANK SINCE events and persons of Longview during the past became also a fascinating reference book for the 75 years in The Club and the Town. It is a spe- 1958, CONTINUES TO SERVE AS A SOURCE OF general public. And since the Longview- cial view of civic history, seen through the window Greggton and Longview South Rotary Clubs STRENGTH IN THE LONGVIEW AREA THROUGH of the oldest service club in Longview. -
Jack M. Rains an Introduction
JACK M. RAINS AN INTRODUCTION Jack Rains served as the 95th Secretary of State of Texas and was a candidate for governor in 1990. He has served on numerous public boards, including most recently serving as the founding Chairman of the Board of the Harris County-Houston Sports Authority. Professionally, Mr. Rains is of counsel to the law firm Looper, Reed & McGraw, with offices in Houston and Dallas. He is also a management consultant to a number of companies including Ecology & Environment, Inc., a scientific environmental firm that practices on a global basis. He was a founder and remains active with Tuscany L.L.C., a merchant-banking firm, whose clients include E-Stamp, the fifth licensee in the history of the U.S. Postal Service. He was a co-developer of The Sanctuary, a gated, upscale residential enclave inside the loop in Houston and remains active in various real estate ventures. Jack Rains was also a founder and Director of Tanglewood Bank in Houston, since acquired by Northern Trust of Chicago. After first practicing law in Houston, he was a founder and served as President and then Chairman of the Board of Directors of 3D/International, the Houston headquarter design and management firm. During his tenure, 3D/International grew to execute annually over a billion dollars (U.S.) in construction volume, generated from projects located across the United States and around the world. He accepted the “E” Award from President Reagan on behalf of 3D/International for boosting exports by over $4 Billion Dollars (U.S.). Named to Who’s Who in American Law, American Real Estate, and Who’s Who in America and in the World, Rains has received numerous other honors. -
·Ab·Ernathy Weekly Review
'J • • : :-~!'IJC ,,L ·Ab·ernathy r, · 1_- 1 :1 l !•. f IIV f f-'W T:·. , . .,...... "IN THE PALM OF THE PLAINS" Weekly Review VOLUME 69, NUMBER 6 FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 9, 1990, ABERNA1HY, TEXAS SERVING HALE & LUBBOCK COUNTIES Athletic Director reassigned; Steve Guerrant to assume duties By Judy Luce These include the contracts of Larry McBee, tice and the new one for games. the committee. That person will be named at the After weeks of rumors circulating, head foot high school principal; Larry Aldridge, elementary Floyd commented that last year the league did March school board meeting. ball coach Ray Ater mel with members of the principal; Robert Priest, curriculum director; a super job of taking care of the floor. The school application employment forms were Abernathy Independent School Board Monday Floyd Galloway, business manager; and Gerry Board president Richard Howard expressed discussed. There was concern that the form was night. Etchison, HONDA program director. concerns about who was responsible for cleaning in need of updating. The members considered a "Ray Ater is being reassigned within the Floyd presented the board with the third up after the gym was used. form provided by the Texas Association of system and we are reorganizing the athletic reading of Update 35. It was aeproved unani Floyd said this was no problem. School cus School Boards. No action was taken. department and Steve Guerrant, who has been mously by the board with Clark Rder making the todians will do the work, and be paid by junior Enrollment for the fifth month of school was the junior high principal, will be the new ath motion and Mike Lambert seconding 11.