Local Investment Plan Colchester Evidence Base
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Local Investment Plan Colchester Evidence Base February 2011 Disclaimer The information in this report was, as far as is known, correct at the date of publication. Colchester Borough Council cannot accept responsibility for any error or omission. Maps Maps are reproduced from Ordinance Survey material with the permission of Ordinance Survey on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationary Office. © Crown Copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Crown Copyright and may lead to prosecution or civil proceedings. Colchester Borough Council License No 100023706, 2010. The Ordinance Survey mapping included within this publication is provided by Colchester Borough Council under licence from Ordinance Survey in order to fulfil its public function as the local authority. Persons viewing this mapping should contact Ordinance Survey copyright for advice where they wish to licence Ordinance Survey mapping for their own use. CONTENTS 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 7 2 LOCATION AND GENERAL CHARACTER 19 3 POPULATION 20 3.1 Population mid 2009……………………………………...……………… 20 3.2 Population growth……………………………………...………………… 20 3.3 Population density……………………………………............................ 20 3.4 Young people……………………………………................................... 20 3.5 Older people…………………………………….................................... 21 3.6 Ethnicity……………………………………........................................... 21 4 EMPLOYMENT 22 4.1 Employment and unemployment……………………………………….. 22 4.2 Employment rate time series …………………………………………… 22 4.3 Jobseekers allowance …………………………………………………. 23 4.4 Jobseekers and vacancies ……………………………………………. 24 4.5 Jobseekers to (all jobs)...................................................................... 25 4.6 16 to19 year olds Not in Employment, Education or Training (NEET)... 26 4.7 Jobs density ………………………………………………………………….. 27 4.8 Earnings ………………………………………………………………………. 28 5 SKILLS 29 5.1 National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs) ……………………………….. 30 5.2 Students: Destination of Leavers from Higher Education, University of Essex, Colchester……………………………………………………………………… 30 5.3 Occupational levels ………………………………………………………….. 31 5.4 Local futures skills score ……………………………………………………. 32 5.5 Indices of deprivation 2007, Education, skills and training domain …….. 32 5.6 Skills gaps ……………………………………………………………………. 33 5.7 Training opportunities ……………………………………………………….. 33 6 ENTERPRISE 35 6.1 Major employers in Colchester …………………………………………….. 35 6.2 Number and types of businesses ………………………………………….. 35 6.3 Numbers of employees in each business type …………………………… 37 6.4 Industrial sectors …………………………………………………………….. 38 6.5 Creative industries …………………………………………..……………… 38 6.6 The public sector …………………………………………………………….. 39 6.7 Colchester as a ‘buoyant city’: Private sector growth 41 6.8 Self employment …………………………………………………………….. 43 6.9 New business formation …………………………………………………….. 44 6.10 The retail sector ……………………………………………………………… 44 6.11 Knowledge based industries ……………………………………………….. 44 6.12 Annual turnover of business ……………………………………………….. 45 6.13 Economic productivity ……………………………………………………….. 45 7 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH 46 7.1 Core strategy floor target 2021 …………………………………………….. 46 7.2 Economic development: land and buildings ………………………………. 46 7.3 Regeneration …………………………………………………………………. 47 8 HERITAGE TOURISM AND CULTURE 50 8.1 Colchester’s monuments and physical features 2009 ………………..….. 50 8.2 Heritage, tourism and culture in context ……………………………….….. 51 8.3 Value of tourism to the economy …………………..……………………..... 53 8.4 Visitor Services………………………………………………………………… 55 8.5 Visiting and tourism: Benchmarking ……………………………………….. 55 8.6 Humbert’s hotel study ……………………………………………………….. 56 2 9 DEPRIVATION 58 9.1 Deprivation: borough summaries …………………………………………... 58 9.2 Deprivation in small areas ………………………………………………….. 58 9.3 Child poverty and Income deprivation …………………………………….. 59 10 HEALTH 60 10.1 General health and inequality ………………………………………………. 60 10.2 Key health indicators ………………………………………………………… 60 10.3 Contextual excerpt from APHO report …………………………………….. 61 10.4 Life expectancy at birth: difference between wards ……………………... 62 10.5 Housing and health………………………………………………………… 62 11 CRIME 64 11.1 Incidences of crime ………………………………………………………….. 64 11.2 Colchester crime: time series ………………………………………………. 64 11.3 Business crime ………………………………………………………………. 65 11.4 Public confidence ……………………………………………………………. 65 12 COMMUNITIES 67 12.1 Satisfaction with local area …………………………………………………. 67 12.2 Overall indicators from Colchester’s Place Survey 2008 …………….…. 68 12.3 Priorities for residents: Place survey 2008 ……………………………….. 69 12.4 Specific groups: younger and older people’s opinions in the Place Survey 2008……………………………………………………………………………. 70 12.5 Rural Community Facilities………………………………………………….. 71 13 EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT 75 13.1 Key Stage 2, English, Maths and Science at Level 4 ……………………. 75 13.2 English and Maths: Primary schools in Colchester ………………………. 76 13.3 Average points score Key Stage 2: Primary schools in Colchester ……. 77 13.4 GCSE levels ………………………………………………………………….. 78 13.5 Pupil’s achieving 5 GCSE A* to C grades in Colchester schools ………. 78 13.6 Average point scores GCSE (schools in Colchester 2009) ……………... 79 14 SCHOOLS PROVISION 80 14.1 Number of pupils in schools 2005 to 2009 ………………………………... 80 14.2 Ethnic groups in schools ……………………………………………………. 81 14.3 School sixth forms …………………………………………………………… 81 14.4 Numbers and projections: 16-18 year old students ……………………… 82 14.5 Pupil number forecasts for 2014 …………………………………………… 82 14.6 Local Delivery Groups (LDGs): Colchester ……………………………….. 84 15 HOUSING DELIVERY 87 15.1 Households …………………………………………………………………… 87 15.2 Housing completions ………………………………………………………… 87 15.3 Housing growth (including housing trajectory) ……………………………. 87 15.4 Gypsy and traveller issues ………………………………………………….. 88 16 THE HOUSING MARKET AND AFFORDABILITY 89 16.1 Household tenure …………………………………………………………….. 89 16.2 Length of residence by tenure …..………………………………………….. 89 16.3 The housing market: Owner occupation ……….………………………….. 90 16.4 Affordability and home ownership ………………………………………….. 91 16.5 The housing market: Private rented sector ……………………………….. 94 16.6 Housing Benefit and Local Housing Allowance ………………….……….. 95 16.7 Repossessions ……………………………………………………………… 96 16.8 Migration: England, Wales and the East of England …………………….. 96 16.9 Migration: London …………..……………………………………………….. 97 16.10 Households with a physical or learning disability or other support need . 97 16.11 The needs of particular groups …………………………………………….. 98 16.12 Voids ………………………………………………………………………….. 98 16.13 Decent homes ………………………………………….…………………….. 98 3 16.14 Homelessness ……………………………………………………………….. 99 16.15 Temporary accommodation ….……….…………………………………….. 100 16.16 Rural housing ………………..……………………………………………….. 100 16.17 Affordable housing need: Housing Needs Register (HNR) …….……….. 101 16.18 Affordable Housing Completions …….…………………………………….. 102 16.19 Stalled sites …………………………….…………………………………….. 103 17 TRANSPORT 104 17.1 The Transport Network …………….………………………….………….. 104 17.2 Movement Patterns ……..………….………………………….………….. 105 17.3 Congestions and modes of transport ………..…………….………….. 107 17.4 Local perceptions and Congestion “Hotspots” …..……….………….. 108 17.5 Growth in Demand for Movement ……….………………….………….. 108 17.6 Approach to Movement …………….………………………….………….. 108 18 THE ENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY 110 18.1 Electricity requirements ……………………………………………………… 110 18.2 Water requirements ………………………………………………………….. 110 18.3 Carbon emissions and climate change ……………………………………. 112 18.4 Local Authority Carbon Management Scheme (LACM) …………………. 112 18.5 Air quality ……………………………………………………………………... 113 18.6 Waste …………………………………………………………………………. 113 18.7 Open space provision ……………………………………………………….. 114 18.8 Greenspace by ward ………………………………………………………… 116 4 LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES Figures Tables 1 Colchester location 1 Percentage increase in Population Employment, unemployment and 2 Annual employment rate (percentage of economic activity (July 2008-June working age population) 2 2009) 3 Percentage of population claiming Job Seekers Allowance January 2008 to 3 Numbers of vacancies to jobs sought February 2010 4 May-June 2010 top ten vacancies notified 4 16 to 19 year olds Not in Employment, by average monthly value Education or Training (NEET) (March 2009-March 2010) 5 May-June top ten occupations sought by 5 Percentage of Essex University average monthly value graduates in work or further study 6 Top ten occupations sought and relevant 6 Small areas within highest 10% in vacancies by average monthly value May England for Education, skills and to June 2010 training deprivation, ID07 7 Time series NEET 2007 to 2010 7 Key Employers in Colchester 8 Median 2009 wage by Local Authority 8 Colchester as a buoyant city 9 Colchester working age population by 9 Key performance indicators for tourism NVQ level achieved Jan 2008 to Dec in Colchester 2008 10 Destination of Leavers from Higher 10 Future hotel development opportunities Education, University of Essex graduates, 2005-2009 11 Occupations (SOC classifications Oct 11 Colchester scores (significantly 2008 to Sept 2009) better/worse ) than the England average 12 Business types (as percentage of all 12 The impact of housing on health business types) and social care: overview of the evidence 13 Percentage of employees in each 13 Crime in Essex and Colchester: business type Incidences per 1,000 population (year up to May 2010) 14 Colchester economic structure according 14 Number of incidences