E2065 v21
BUKOR ELEKTRIK URETIM A.S.
Public Disclosure Authorized
DARCA REGULATOR AND HEPP (RUN-OFF RIVER TYPE) ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP) Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized PROJECT OWNER NAME BÜKOR ELEKTR K ÜRET M A. . (BÜKOR ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION INC.)
Ankara Asfalt , DS Kar s Birel ADDRESS Sitesi A Blok No: 23 TELEPHONE AND FAX NUMBERS Y 0 224ld 362/B 92UR 90SA 0 224 363 17 24 PROJECT NAME REGULATOR AND HPP (RIVER TYPE) FULL ADDRESS OF THE PLACE Darca Narrow of Sakarya River in CHOSEN FOR THE PROJECT Küçükyenice Village within the (PROVINCE, DISTRICT, borders of Gölpazar District of NEIGHBORHOOD) the Province of Bilecik
The Coordinates of the Power Plant COORDINATES OF THE PLACE CHOSEN FOR THE PROJECT, Point No Y ZONE H1 251336.23 4456050.66 H2 251397.33 4455821.04 H3 251231.34 4455786.15 H4 251084.91 4456049.87 H5 251411.31 4455960.50
The Coordinates of the Regulator Area Point No Y X H6 251596.21 4454799.82 H7 252086.10 4454170.11 H8 253930.02 4453495.05 H9 255225.72 4452849.65 H10 255524.30 4452529.90 H11 256263.33 4452517.19 H12 256456.03 4453002.12 BÜKOR ELEKTR K ÜRET M A. . DARCA REGULATOR and HPP (RIVER TYPE) ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
1. Objective and Scope
Despite of the fast pacing technological developments that the world is facing, energy is still the absolute input for the industry. Energy need tops the indispensable needs of the industrializing societies. Energy investments that have not been made at the right time and not been planned well enough make the developing countries shoulder a heavy cost burden and impede the optimum usage of already limited resources. Such countries usually have limited fossil-derived resources that harm nature whereas developed countries, no matter if their resources are limited or not, enhance their daily usage capacity of alternative and renewable energy continuously.
Turkey’s total energy demand clearly differs from the possible and planned local energy production. According to the plan made, the energy demand and the trend of national energy production is as below described. As it can be seen primary energy demands of Turkey and national production are examined it can be concluded that the production gap is at such an important degree and at an increasing value.
The subject of the project is regulator and hydroelectric power plant (river type). The location of the project area is chosen at Darca Narrow of Sakarya River in the Küçükyenice Village borders of the Gölpazar District of the province of Bilecik. Environmental Management Plan (EMP) comprises some important environmental impact reduction criteria and defines some monitoring and institutional needs for the application of EMP. Impact reduction and monitoring activities taken into consideration with respect to different stages of the project are as follows:
- Pre-construction (project planning and design) - Construction (all of the construction works) - Water holding - Operation
At the operation stage, the details of the criteria will be practiced and developed by the line organizations and project parts.
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2. Institutions and Organizations Responsible for Hydroelectric Power Plants
Darca Regulator and HPP Project’s line organizations are State Hydraulic Works (DS ) and Energy Market Regulatory Authority (EPDK). Considering the Project, Electricity Generation License should be taken from EPDK (Energy Market Regulatory Authority), and Water Use Rights Agreements should be made with the General Directorate of DS for Darca HPP. “EIA Exemption Certificate” has also been obtained within the framework of EIA Regulation.
3. Impact Reduction Plan
Regarding the project, some impacts are unavoidable, some can be reduced to the minimum and some can be altered. With respect to impact reduction planning, the pre-construction stage where the project’s some major environmental impacts will be defined after research, design and planning studies, and then these impacts will be avoided, reduced to minimum or compensated through efficient project designing, management or action plans that will be prepared by the responsible parties’ coordination, including the consultation with public and with the parties. Similarly, the construction stage is composed of developing appropriate management tools, applying the action plans which will be prepared at the former stage, developing these plans in detail, establishing a cooperation and a coordination in between the parties and the public, and performing the construction work according to the final design of the project.
Erosion Impact reduction measures will be taken for the erosion risk that construction and excavation works may cause, and for reducing the sediment load of the surface and river waters. In order to reduce the risk of erosion and sediment flow derived of any and every excavation work, the measures cited below will be taken. - Construction materials like stockpiles, concrete aggregates, filtering materials and sand will be handled appropriately. - The excess of excavated surface material or the surface material that is not to
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be used continuously will be eliminated at a defined waste disposal site. - The removed top layer of the soil from the construction site will be dumped at an appropriate area so that it could be used for further planting and forestation activities. The entire storage and waste areas shall be set to include drainage and control measures.
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- The pile height of the material will be determined in accordance with the topographic conditions of the site. Neither the material nor the waste disposal site will be located on the gulley areas. - On the higher altitude side, preventive dikes will be made to cut the speed of erosion derived from material and waste areas.
Landscape Plan and Top Layer Usage Construction work might be harming the visual features of the area. The majority of the area will be flooded; therefore, the land shape will be changed. Apart from the construction of the water holding area, the construction of the regulator body in the HPP area, the site area itself, and the new roads for the respected settlement areas will be done. Following the completion of the construction, these areas shall be restored and landscape studies shall be carried out. As the project continues, the top layer of the soil will be removed very carefully so that the impact caused by the construction will be reduced to minimum; then, the soil will be piled while the weather conditions are kept in mind. In order to protect the productivity of the soil, the piles will be slightly compressed. The top of it will either be covered with organic material or some primary plant species will be planted. The collected top layer soil gathered during the construction work will be used for land arrangement.
Air Quality As the project continues, dust formation shall occur during the excavation works at the construction stage. Measures shall be taken by the spraying method for the dust formation on the roads and limit values shall not be exceeded. Within the scope of the Project, the “Regulation on Control of Air Pollution Originating from Industrial Facilities” which came into force following its publication in the Official Gazette numbered 26236 and dated 22.07.2006 shall be respected.
In the calculation of the dust emissions that might be caused by the construction the estimated emission factor that is 9,9 g/m2 per day of the semi-arid areas is taken. (Source: USAEPA). Excavation works was planned to take about 4 months.
Dust emission = {9,9 g/m2 - day*(day/8hour)} * {21.920 m2 / (4 month * 30 day/month)} Dust emission = 226 g/hr = 0,226 kg/hr
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This calculated value is lower than the one that has once been at “Regulation on Control of Air Pollution Arising from Industries” Article 40 and Mass Flow Table 40.1 and is also less than 1,5 kg/hr limit value which has been indicated at the “Mass Flow Table 2.1 in Annex-2” in the “Regulation on Control of Air Pollution Originating from Industrial Facilities” that came into force by the amendment of the former regulation. Therefore, it is not required to carry out air modelling.
Besides, dust generation will be tried to be reduced to minimum levels by taking additional measures within the scope of the project regarding dust formation. In this respect, the following measures shall be taken: - In the site, the places where equipment is used and all the roads to the site will be sprayed with water regularly. - In order to reduce the particulate matter emission that derives from the activities that generate dust (i.e. roads, which are not atabilized where construction equipments operate, excavation areas and any other places generate dust), water sprays will be used when and where possible. - Speed limit shall not be exceeded during transportation. - The material in the temporary piling areas will be levelled, humidified and compressed so that it will not be carried away again by wind. Watering material will be altered in order to provide for the most efficient humidification in accordance with the seasonal conditions. - The trucks carrying construction materials like loose material, rock remnants and the like will be covered during the transfer. - During the excavation and the filling works, dust will be prevented mainly by watering material. Loading and unloading will be done with care so that spreads will be reduced. - If needed, truck tires will be cleaned so that mud is not carried onto the road. - In order to meet the related emission standards, modern equipment and vehicles will be chosen for construction work. - In order to secure the conditions and standards in the Regulation on Air Quality Protection and to protect workers’ health, the machines and vehicles will be controlled in terms of exhaust systems and emission levels.
Noise
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According to construction work noise modelling studies, even under the worst presumptions, the noise level is within the limits even for the closest settlements. Noise controlling measures for the stationary and moving equipments are as follows:
- Installation and maintenance of noise reduction equipment will be done. - Noise reduction materials will be used with other noise reducers and with earpieces and covers. - Equipments operating quietly will be used as much as possible. - When noise level is 85 dBA and higher, all construction workers will be provided with enough numbers of ear protectors.
Water Quality
Project area is situated on Sakarya River at the Darca Narrow.
Water will be used for two objectives. One is for the energy production as it was indicated in the scope of the project and the other is for meeting the needs of the staff working in the project. Water Need for the Personnel; For the construction stage of the project, the workforce is planned to be of 50 people. The water need per person is 150L/day (USLU, O. Prof. DEÜ. Faculty of Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Lecture Notes of Treatment of Waste Waters, 2004). Given this information, the calculation is as follows: 50 people * 150 L/person-day = 7500 L/day = 7,5 m3/day. In addition to that, the facility is planned to have 14 personnel during operation stage. Accordingly, the water need at the stage of operation is 14 people * 150 L/person-day = 2100 L/day =2,1 m3/day
As per the articles of the “Regulation on the Pits to be Excavated where Sewer System Construction is not Possible” of the Ministry of Public Health and Welfare which came into force following its publication on the Official Gazette numbered 13783 and dated 13.03.1971, a watertight cesspool is planned to be constructed at the site. Wastewaters collected at the cesspool will be drawn by a vacuum truck, transferred out of the river basin, and be discharged into the nearest sewage system. There shall not be any other wastewater generation other than domestic wastewater within the scope of the Project.
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Water usage for energy purposes; within the scope of Darca Regulator and HPP Project, the waters collected by the regulator - which will be set on the Sakarya river - at the 74,18 m3/s flow rate will be transferred to Darca HPP. This water, which will be used for the electricity production, will be discharged to the Sakarya River without any harm to its quality. Due to the operation of the regulator, the riverbed will lack some amount of water that causes effects on the aquatic species. In order to prevent such effects, some amount of water is going to be given to the riverbed as the minimum downstream flow.
Further, the activities in the riverbed combined with the activities in certain sites at the construction stage will augment the mud and sediment amount in the downstream parts of the river. These impacts shall be temporary, however, they might be significant in terms of sediment accumulation and mud with respect to downstream water quality. In concrete making water is used for the tempering of concrete and this process might lead to the generation of muddy wastewater with a high degree of pH. The following measures shall be taken concerning this issue:
- The water contaminated by concrete, paint, oil, solvents or silt will not be released to the land, nor will it be released to another river or drain line or to the soil for filtering purposes. - Necessary collection facilities shall be furnished in order to prevent water pollution due to construction activities. - In the course of the road construction stage drainage facilities shall be built alongside the retention pool in order to seize the water flow released from the onsite concrete mixing works as well as the sediments carried by the water flow.
Waste Management
Within the scope of the project, the number of staff is planned to be first 50 and then 14, and these numbers are for the construction and operation stages respectively. As for the household solid wastes derived from staff members at the construction stage is calculated according to the value of 1,34 kg/person.day (Turkish Statistical Institute, 2006), the solid waste amount for 50 workers is as follows:
50 people*1,34 kg/person.day = 67 kg/day
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Besides, 14 personnel will be employed during the operation stage. Therefore, solid waste amount during the operation stage is calculated as 14 people * 1,34 kg/person.day = 18,76 kg/day.
During the construction and operation stage, “Regulation on the Control of Solid Wastes” numbered 20814 and dated 14.03.1991 will be respected for the solid wastes the staff members produce. In order to facilitate the disposal and re-use of these wastes without posing a threat to the environment, they are to be collected separately in order to prevent environmental pollution and contribute to the economy, so to speak, all- necessary measures will be taken. In compliance with the conditions concerning the collection and transfer of solid wastes referred to in the regulation, solid wastes will not be dumped in areas where the environment is negatively affected. The wastes will be collected and kept in closed and standard waste containers. Again in compliance with the regulation, they will be disposed by the municipality in closed vehicles that do not pollute the environment in terms of appearance, odour, dust, leakage and similar factor.
Excavated Material
During the land preparation and construction stage, excavation works will be carried out for the foundation of the structures. While excavating, the vegetative soil will be scooped off. The scooped off soil will temporarily be stored in accordance with the standards of related regulations. Following the completion of the construction works, it will be used for landscape purposes. Other excavation material apart from the vegetative soil will be stored within the site area, and it will be used for filling and levelling activities, the remaining part is again going to be used for landscape activities. The measures taken regarding this issue are as follows:
- Wastes will be collected systematically, and all of them will be separated either for recycling or for re-use (lumber, junk, metal etc.) or for disposal. - No solid waste will be disposed at the site, nor will any of them be burried. Illegal dumping into the construction site, onto the roadsides or into the river will never be allowed. - The construction campsite will be kept clean and in order. The wastes carried by wind will be cleaned up daily.
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- For every waste type mentioned above, separate storage containers will be available. - Waste containers will be installed with covers or nets so that sweepers or wind will not carry away the waste and animals will be kept away from them. - In order to comply with the conditions stated in KAKY (Regulation on the Control of Solid Wastes), household solid wastes will be collected and disposed at the nearest municipality waste area. - Feasible excavation materials will temporarily be kept aside so as to be used for fillings and construction works.
Regulation on the Control of Packaging Wastes that came into force following its publication in the Official Gazette numbered 26562 and dated 24.06.2007 will be strictly followed with respect to possible packaging wastes that might be generated within the scope of the Project. As oil change, repair and maintenance of the vehicles will be carried out outside the project area, there is no possibility for the generation of hazardous wastes. When hazardous wastes are generated then the Regulation on the Control of Hazardous Wastes that came into force following its publication in the Official Gazette numbered 25755 and dated 14.03.2005, the Regulation on the Control of Worn Out Tires that came into force following its publication in the Official Gazette numbered 26357 and dated 25.11.2006, and the Regulation on the Control of Soil Pollution that came into force following its publication in the Official Gazette numbered 25831 and dated 31.05.2005, and the Regulation on the Control of Pollution Caused by Hazardous Material in the Water and its Surroundings that came into force following its publication in the Official Gazette numbered 26005 and dated 26.11.2005 will be followed strictly. As for the emergence of medical waste within the scope of the Project, the Regulation on the Control of Medical Wastes that came into force following its publication in the Official Gazette numbered 25883 and dated 22.07.2005 will be followed strictly. Since the oil change of the vehicles will take place outside the project site, there will be no possibility for the generation of oil wastes. When generated, the Regulation on the Control of Oil Wastes that came into force following its publication in the Official Gazette numbered 26952 and dated 30.07.2008 will be followed strictly. The repair and maintenance of the vehicles will be carried out outside the project
12 BÜKOR ELEKTR K ÜRET M A. . DARCA REGULATOR and HPP (RIVER TYPE) ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN area. For this reason, no battery or accumulator wastes shall be generated. When generated, the Regulation on the Control of Waste Batteries and Accumulators that came into force following its publication in the Official Gazette numbered 25569 and dated 31.08.2004 will be followed strictly.
Flora and Fauna of the Project Area Flora Climatic characteristics of the province of Bilecik reflect the characteristics of a transition climate between the characteristics of the Mediterranean, Black Sea and partially Central Anatolian climate where their impacts are intermingled. For the parts under the impact of the Black Sea climate, mainly on the slopes facing the north, there can be found beech trees and hygrophilous broad leaf trees. Coniferous trees like abies can be seen at higher parts. As for the slopes facing the South, the impact of the Mediterranean Climate can be observed and black pines spread over a large area. Regarding the parts where Central Anatolian Climate is dominant, the natural vegetation is in the form of moorland.
The Marmara Region, which possesses transition, features somewhat between that of the Mediterranean and the Black Sea Regions reflects a similar fashion as regards to its Flora elements. These areas that reflect the characteristics of the Mediterranean mostly on the coastline are cooler than the Mediterranean Region. Annual mean temperature is close to 16°C. The vegetation is usually made up of maquis species. Differently from the Mediterranean Region, there are deciduous oak species in this zone. The majority of the plants are able to survive the dry summers. On the other hand, they are not resistant to very low temperatures. At this zone, which climbs up to 400 m deciduous oak species are dominant in general. Apart from these, specific Mediterranean plants such as Cercis siliqvastrum Laurus nobilis, Erica arbareq, Cistus salvifolius, Pistacia Lentiscus, Olea evrapea oleaster are seen in the area.
Primary species observed in the province of Bilecik: SPERMATOPHYTA GYMNOSPERMAE CUPRESSACEAE Janiperus oxycedrus : Cade Juniper
Janiperus oxycedrus Macrocarpa : Prickly Juniper
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Janiperus sabina : Savin
PINACEAE Pinus brutia Ten : Calabrian Pine ANGIOSPERMAE DICOTYLEDONES BERBERIDACEAE Berberis Crataegina : Berberis
SPERMATOPHYTA GYMNOSPERMAE CUPRESSACEAE
BORAGINACEAE
Alkanna tinctona spptinctaria
Anchusa azurea spp.azurea : Alkanet
Onosma aucheranum : Golden drop
CANPANULACEAE
Campanula- Iyrata spp.Iyrata : Lyrata
CARYOPHYLLACEAE
Stellarla media spp.media : Common chickweed
CISTACEAE
Cistus creticus : Rock Rose
COMPOSITAE
Achillea coarctota : Yellow Daisy
Anthemis tinctoria spp.pallida
Bellis peremis L. : Paqurette
Carduus nutans spp. Nutans : Thistle
Centaurea depressa Bieb. : Resembling Blue Cornflower
Cichorium intybus L. : Cornflower
Cirsium arvense spp. Arvense : Musk
Filago vulgaris : Common Cudweed
Senecio vulgaris : Common Groundsel
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Xanthium spinosum L. : Noxious Weed CRASSULACEAE
CRASSULACEAE Sedum sediforme : Pale Stonecrop
CRUCIFERAE
Sinapis arvensis : Wild Mustard
EUPHORBIACEAE Euphorb a amygdalolides : Gum-plant FAGACEAE Qercus inffectoria : Cyprus Oak
GERANICEAE Eradium cicutarium spp.cicutarium : Red Stem Flaree GUTTIFERAE Hypericum perporatum : Tipton
LABIATAE Lamium amplexicaule : Greater Henbit Salvia Glutinosa : Sticky Sage Thymbra spicata L.var spicata : Thyme sp. LEGUMINOSAE Astragalus microcephalus : Great Bladdery Milkvetch
Melilotus alba Trifolium arvense spp.arvense : Rabitfoot clover Trigonella spicata : Fenugreek MALVACEAE Alcea pallida : Hollyhock Malva neglecta : Buttonweed
PPAPAVERACEAE Fumaria officinalis : Fumitory Papaver dubium : Long–headed Poppy PLANTAGINACEAE Paltago lanceolata : Ribwort Plantain
RANUNCULACEAE Ranunculas arvensis : Corn Buttercup
RESEDACEAE Reseda lutea spp.lutea : Wild Mignonette
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ROSACEAE Urtica dioica : Nettle
Fauna:
There is no wetland area in the province of Bilecik and no research has been carried out regarding its habitat. Wild animals inhabiting Bilecik are very abundant in terms of the variety of species.
Rabbits, partridges, woodcocks, wild ducks, wolves, foxes, bears, weasels, chevrotains, wild boars, quails, stock doves, roe deer etc. inhabit the forests, mountains and rock sides. Fur animals in the region are rabbits, wolves, foxes, bears, weasels, jackals etc. The Sakarya River that passes through the central district, Sö üt and Osmaneli Districts and is a very important river in terms of fishing. Roaches, sheatfish, carps, mullets, salmons, cranes and sand eel inhabit Sakarya river and its creeks Göksu and Göynük and small brooks. As for field fishery, mirror carp is produced in Bozüyük District. Besides, carps and mirror carps species inhabit irrigation ponds in the province. Major water resources are the Sakarya River and its branches, Dodurga and K z ldamlar Dams and 11 ponds. Mullets, sheatfish, carps, roaches and rockfishes live in the Sakarya River habitat.
Accident Risk and Precautions: Due to the machines and equipments that will be used in the project, below mentioned accidents may occur: 1- Vehicles may crash each other 2- Vehicles may flop 3- Fire 4- To be run over Measures to be taken against the above-mentioned accidents are as follows: 1- The vehicles and equipments are to be used by licensed and expert persons. 2- Vehicles and equipment are to be checked regularly 3- Staff members are to be informed about possible accidents 4- In the site area, warning signs (Keep away, Wear your helmet, Danger, etc.) are to be placed wherever needed
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Besides, in order to prevent or reduce to the minimum the risk of accident due to the machines and equipments, “Regulation on Workers’ Health and Work Safety” which has entered into force following its publication in the Official Gazette numbered 14765 and dated 11.01.1974 shall be followed. The activities will be carried out in conformity with the Environmental Law numbered 2872, the Law concerning the Amendment of the Environmental Law numbered 5491, and the provisions of the Regulations that has been issued and will be issued in relation with this law, Regulation on the Control of Hazardous Wastes, Regulation on the Control of Worn Out Tires, Highway Traffic Law and the provisions of the regulations related with these laws, Regulation on the Control of Medical Wastes, Regulation on the Control of Oil Wastes, and the Regulation on the Control of Waste Batteries and Accumulators. As for fire that may occur inside the premises, below mentioned measures are to be taken. In order to secure safety in case of fire during project, fire extinguishers that are in compliance with the technical norms will be available, signs will keep the workers alert and they will be trained for fires. In case of fire, equipments and water trucks will be used to extinguish the fire. Within the scope of the project the “Regulation Concerning the Protection of Buildings from Fire” and the “Regulation on Heavy and Dangerous Works” that came into force following their publication in the Official Gazette numbered 24827 and dated 26.07.2002 shall be respected. Moreover;
1- Inflammable, combustible and explosive materials will not be kept within the surroundings of the facility and site. 2- Staff members will be trained about fire. 3- Warning signs related with fire will be placed (Keep Away Fire, No Smoking etc.) 4- An adequate number of fire extinguishers will be available around the facility, inside the vehicles and around the park. In the project, some dangers like avalanche, landslide and rock-fall are possible while obtaining material, but by the help of the precautions taken, the occurrence of those dangers will be prevented. Moreover, the “Regulation on the Construction of Buildings in Earthquake Regions” that went into force following its publication in the Official Gazette numbered 26100 and 06.03.2006 will be strictly followed.
Technical Summary of the Project The project site was determined as Darca Narrow of the Sakarya River in Küçükyenice Village that is within the borders of Gölpazar District of the Province of Bilecik. A topographic and a site location map showing the power plant, regulator and the 17 BÜKOR ELEKTR K ÜRET M A. . DARCA REGULATOR and HPP (RIVER TYPE) ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN pond coordinates are given in the annexes. Project area is composed of registered lands expropriated by the national treasury. The deeds of real estate are enclosed in the annexes.
In a bird’s eye view, 1000 m south of project area lays Küçükyenice Village, 3750 m south of it lays Örenköy, 4500 m southeast of it lies Selbükü Village. The nearest settlements to the project site are determined as Küçükyenice Village with 189 people and Selbükü Village with 131. (Resource: www.yerelnet.org)
Project area is composed of 21.920 m2 power plant area and 9750 m2 inside water area that in total makes up 31.670 m2. All areas are expropriated on behalf of national treasury and they are registered lands. Deed and parcel numbers of these areas and their square meters are as follows;
975 parcel: 2600 m2 976 parcel: 10.100 m2 977 parcel : 525 m2 978 parcel : 995 m2 Total Power Plant Area that covers 7 parcels : 21.920 m2 979 parcel : 1900 m2 980 parcel: 2950 m2 981 parcel: 2850 m2
972 parcel : 3200 m2 973 parcel : 3700 m2 Total Inside Water Area that covers 3 Parcels : 9750 m2 974 parcel : 2850 m2
In addition, the coordinates of the areas, shown at the 1/25.000 map, are given below in two separate tables as power plant area coordinates and pond area coordinates.
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Table-1 : Power Plant Area Coordinates Point Number Y X H1 251336.23 4456050.66 H2 251397.33 4455821.04 H3 251231.34 4455786.15 H4 251084.91 4456049.87 H5 251411.31 4455960.50
Table-2 : Reservoir Area Coordinates
Point Number Y X H6 251596.21 4454799.82 H7 252086.10 4454170.11 H8 253930.02 4453495.05 H9 255225.72 4452849.65 H10 255524.30 4452529.90 H11 256263.33 4452517.19 H12 256456.03 4453002.12
Work Flow Chart
SETTING UP THE SITE
LAND PREPARATION
CONSTRUCTION AND INSTALLMENT STAGE
TRIAL AND COMMISSIONING STAGE
OPERATION STAGE
Diagram-1: Work Flow Chart
Darca Regulator and HPP Project has been planned to be 9 MW installed power plant. Other units that will take place in the project are the regulator, transmission line, penstock and power plant building and their drawings are presented in the annexes. The water taken from the regulator, which will be built upon the Sakarya River, will be transmitted to the power plant.
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Table-3 : Project Characteristics Project Name DARCA REGULATOR AND HPP Regulator Coordinates 4 455 850 K – 251 250 D Province Bilecik Name of the River Basin Sakarya Name of the River Sakarya River Drainage Area (km2) 3394 Average Annual Total Flow (hm3) 2345,87 3 Q100 Flooding Flow Rate (m ) 1367 Dam/Regulator Type Regulator Maximum Water Elevation (m) 120,0 Thalweg Elevation (m) 111,0 Turbine Type P T Bus Voltage (kV) 34,5 The length of the Energy Transmission 3,5 Net Head (m) 7,8 Installed Power (MW) 9 Firm Energy (GWh) 54 Thalweg Elevation (m) 114 Lifting Height (m) 6 Environmental Security Elevation (m) 125 Head (m) 8 Tailwater Elevation (m) 112
In the operation stage of the project, 14 staff members of different occupations are planned to be employed.
Staff Number Manager 1 Engineer 1 Board Operator 4 Site Operator 4 Security 4 The construction equipments to be used at Darca Regulator and HPP (River Type) Project and their numbers are as follows. 50 staff members are planned to be employed during the construction stage of the project.
Table-4 : Construction Equipments to be used During the Construction Stage
Machines Unit Excavator 3 Rock drill 1 Loader 2 Truck 10 Mechanic Cylinder 1 Grader 1 Crane (30 tonnes) 2 Compressor 1 Generator 1
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Project Monitoring Plan
Monitoring is the essential part of environmental management. In this respect, information will be gathered about the further issues on and from the project’s start date; the changes of the environmental conditions, updated measures of pre-estimated impacts, compatibility of the impact reduction plan and the success of environmental impact works that would reduce the negative impacts to somewhat acceptable. Monitoring and all the information gathered within the scope of environmental management plan can be used as means to change environmental management plan so that project’s construction and operation stage impacts can be reduced (that is to say, impact reduction measures should adapt the changing conditions). Considering the impact reducing measures, we might face the following: Even if the importance of the possible impacts is determined and appropriate measures are taken against those impacts, some unexpected impacts may come up. These could be some impacts that it is possible they can be reduced or managed before they turn into trouble simply by the help of the information gathered via monitoring. Therefore, monitoring serves for the application of impact reduction plans at all stages of the project and serves for optimized environmental protection by providing grounds for good practices. Monitoring is going to be the part of the assurance of all legislations and contract specifications are met and measures are effectively taken during the construction and operation stages of the project.
Construction Stage;
Construction Stage is composed of the final project design, the usage of the appropriate management tools, the application of previously prepared action plans, the improvement and detailing of those plans in accordance with the monitoring data and the actual performance of construction while liable parts perform the stipulated terms. Some of the plans to be monitored at site are as follows:
- Erosion Control Plan,
- Emission and Dust Control Plan,
- Accident Risk Plan etc.
In addition, certain specific environment monitoring activities are to be carried out.
Air Quality;
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The monitoring of the particulate materials (PM) at the construction site will be carried out on the roads where trucks work and at construction camp site via a mobile dust analysis gear. In order to prevent dust oscillation during the transportation on the highway, there will be spot checks to control if the trucks are covered or dampened or not. Trucks and machines will be monitored and controlled from time to time in terms of exhaust emissions as well.
Noise; Measures indicated in the noise control plan will be taken for continuous and pulse noise and those practices will be monitored. The noise level at the places close to settlement areas and the noise at the construction site will be monitored by mobile noise measuring gears. Regarding the noise control at the construction sites and health-security plans, optimization of the practices will be monitored. Thus, the Regulation on Environmental Noise Evaluation and Management and the Regulation on Workers’ Health and Work Safety shall be followed.
Water Quality; Monitoring of the water quality will prove that waste water management plan is applied and the Regulation on the Control of Water Pollution is followed.
Alternatives of the Project Technology and Project Area The alternative to the regulator type power plants is the reservoir type power plants. For reservoir type projects, provision of rocks, aggregated material and clay is needed from numerous sites. Forests in the site area will be flooded because of the catch basin. Properties on those private property lands have to be expropriated. Due to the water hold in the regulator, the released downstream flow will differ from the original in terms of temperatures and food substance, therefore, this downstream aquatic habitat might be altered. It is also difficult to construct fish pass structures through the body of the regulator and also the efficient use of this passage by the species that may migrate.
Compared to natural gas, nuclear and coal-fired thermal power plants, hydroelectric power plants have the advantages of being renewable and peak performance for electric operation. As they quickly get into the power line at peak hours and quickly get out of the system when the demand decreases, hydroelectric power
22 BÜKOR ELEKTR K ÜRET M A. . DARCA REGULATOR and HPP (RIVER TYPE) ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN plants are the most suitable ones to meet these “Peak Demand”. When deciding on the feasibility of hydroelectric power plants, other resources are searched to generate the same amount of energy from different systems. The cheapest resource is determined and then hydroelectric power plant project is compared to this one. HPP is suggested only when it is found economically more advantageous. Considering the growing energy demand, an HPP project, which proves to be a better alternative in terms of environmental concerns, should be preferred.
This project has many positive effects when the growing energy demand is considered. Initially, 50 people are planned to be employed during the construction stage and 14 people for the operation. If we take every one of them possess a family of 4 persons, 200 people will directly take benefit from this activity during the construction stage and 56 people will benefit from it during the operation stage. Though little, this project will help the problem of unemployment.
23 BÜKOR ELEKTR K ÜRET M A. . DARCA REGULATOR and HPP (RIVER TYPE) ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN