CLC Sequence Viewer Manual for CLC Sequence Viewer 6.5 Windows, Mac OS X and Linux
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Current Status and Future Perspectives of Bioinformatics in Tanzania
CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES OF BIOINFORMATICS IN TANZANIA Sylvester L. Lyantagaye Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35179, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT The main bottleneck in advancing genomics in present times is the lack of expertise in using bioinformatics tools and approaches for data mining in raw DNA sequences generated by modern high throughput technologies such as next generation sequencing. Although bioinformatics has been making major progress and contributing to the development in the rest of the world, it has still not yet fully integrated the tertiary education and research sector in Tanzania. This review aims to introduce a summary of recent achievements, trends and success stories of application of bioinformatics in biotechnology. The applications of bioinformatics in the fields such as molecular biology, biotechnology, medicine and agriculture, the global trend of bioinformatics, accessibility bioinformatics products in Tanzania, bioinformatics training initiatives in Tanzania, the future prospects of bioinformatics use in biotechnology globally and Tanzania in particular are reviewed. The paper is of interest and importance to rouse public awareness of the new opportunities that could be brought about by bioinformatics to address many research problems relevant to Tanzania and sub-Sahara Africa. Keywords: Bioinformatics, Biotechnology, Genomics, Tanzania. INTRODUCTION analysis, and management of biological Bioinformatics is conceptualising biology in information through computational terms of molecules (in the sense of physical techniques. It uses mathematics, biology, chemistry) and applying "informatics and computer science to understand the techniques" (derived from disciplines such biological importance of an extensive as applied mathematics, computer science variety of omics data (Reportlinker 2013). -
The Enigmatic Charcot-Leyden Crystal Protein
C al & ellu ic la n r li Im C m f u Journal of o n l o a l n o r Clarke et al., J Clin Cell Immunol 2015, 6:2 g u y o J DOI: 10.4172/2155-9899.1000323 ISSN: 2155-9899 Clinical & Cellular Immunology Review Article Open Access The Enigmatic Charcot-Leyden Crystal Protein (Galectin-10): Speculative Role(s) in the Eosinophil Biology and Function Christine A Clarke1,3, Clarence M Lee2 and Paulette M Furbert-Harris1,3,4* 1Department of Microbiology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, D.C., USA 2Department of Biology, Howard University College of Arts and Sciences, Washington, D.C., USA 3Howard University Cancer Center, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, D.C., USA 4National Human Genome Center, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, D.C., USA *Corresponding author: Furbert-Harris PM, Department of Microbiology, Howard University Cancer Center, 2041 Georgia Avenue NW, Room #530, 20060, Washington, D.C., USA, Tel: 202-806-7722, Fax: 202-667-1686; Email: [email protected] Received date: Febuary 22, 2015, Accepted date: April 25, 2015, Published date: April 29, 2015 Copyright: © 2015 Clarke CA, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Abstract Eosinophilic inflammation in peripheral tissues is typically marked by the deposition of a prominent eosinophil protein, Galectin-10, better known as Charcot-Leyden crystal protein (CLC). Unlike the eosinophil’s four distinct toxic cationic proteins and enzymes [major basic protein (MBP), eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN), eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), and eosinophil peroxidase (EPO)], there is a paucity of information on the precise role of the crystal protein in the biology of the eosinophil. -
Human Lectins, Their Carbohydrate Affinities and Where to Find Them
biomolecules Review Human Lectins, Their Carbohydrate Affinities and Where to Review HumanFind Them Lectins, Their Carbohydrate Affinities and Where to FindCláudia ThemD. Raposo 1,*, André B. Canelas 2 and M. Teresa Barros 1 1, 2 1 Cláudia D. Raposo * , Andr1 é LAQVB. Canelas‐Requimte,and Department M. Teresa of Chemistry, Barros NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829‐516 Caparica, Portugal; [email protected] 12 GlanbiaLAQV-Requimte,‐AgriChemWhey, Department Lisheen of Chemistry, Mine, Killoran, NOVA Moyne, School E41 of ScienceR622 Co. and Tipperary, Technology, Ireland; canelas‐ [email protected] NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; [email protected] 2* Correspondence:Glanbia-AgriChemWhey, [email protected]; Lisheen Mine, Tel.: Killoran, +351‐212948550 Moyne, E41 R622 Tipperary, Ireland; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +351-212948550 Abstract: Lectins are a class of proteins responsible for several biological roles such as cell‐cell in‐ Abstract:teractions,Lectins signaling are pathways, a class of and proteins several responsible innate immune for several responses biological against roles pathogens. such as Since cell-cell lec‐ interactions,tins are able signalingto bind to pathways, carbohydrates, and several they can innate be a immuneviable target responses for targeted against drug pathogens. delivery Since sys‐ lectinstems. In are fact, able several to bind lectins to carbohydrates, were approved they by canFood be and a viable Drug targetAdministration for targeted for drugthat purpose. delivery systems.Information In fact, about several specific lectins carbohydrate were approved recognition by Food by andlectin Drug receptors Administration was gathered for that herein, purpose. plus Informationthe specific organs about specific where those carbohydrate lectins can recognition be found by within lectin the receptors human was body. -
CLC and IFNAR1 Are Differentially Expressed and a Global Immunity Score Is Distinct Between Early- and Late-Onset Colorectal Cancer
Genes and Immunity (2011) 12, 653–662 & 2011 Macmillan Publishers Limited All rights reserved 1466-4879/11 www.nature.com/gene ORIGINAL ARTICLE CLC and IFNAR1 are differentially expressed and a global immunity score is distinct between early- and late-onset colorectal cancer TH A˚ gesen1,2, M Berg1,2, T Clancy3, E Thiis-Evensen4, L Cekaite1,2, GE Lind1,2, JM Nesland5,6, A Bakka7, T Mala8, HJ Hauss9, T Fetveit10, MH Vatn4,11, E Hovig3,12,13, A Nesbakken2,6,8, RA Lothe1,2,6 and RI Skotheim1,2 1Department of Cancer Prevention, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; 2Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; 3Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; 4Department for Organ Transplantation, Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; 5Division of Pathology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; 6Faculty of Medicine, The University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; 7Department of Digestive Surgery, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway; 8Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Aker, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; 9Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sørlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway; 10Department of Surgery, Sørlandet Hospital, Arendal, Norway; 11Epigen, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway; 12Institute of Medical Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University -
White Paper on CLC Read Mapper
White Paper White paper on CLC read mapper October 10, 2012 Sample to Insight QIAGEN Aarhus Silkeborgvej 2 Prismet 8000 Aarhus C Denmark Telephone: +45 70 22 32 44 www.qiagenbioinformatics.com [email protected] White paper: White paper on CLC read mapper 2 Contents 1 Abstract 3 2 Introduction 3 3 Performance Benchmark of CLC Genomics Workbench/Server 5 4 Computational Resource Requirements of CLC Assembly Cell 9 5 Accuracy Benchmark of CLC Assembly Cell 12 6 Algorithmic Details 18 7 Conclusions 19 8 Materials & Methods 19 8.1 Performance Benchmark of CLC Genomics Workbench/Server ........... 19 8.2 Computational Resource Requirements of CLC Assembly Cell ............ 20 8.3 Accuracy Benchmark of CLC Assembly Cell ...................... 20 8.4 Read Mappers ..................................... 22 8.5 Data Sets ....................................... 22 8.6 Benchmarking Hardware ............................... 23 8.7 bash related ...................................... 23 References 25 White paper: White paper on CLC read mapper 3 1 Abstract After decades of biological research relying on Sanger sequencing, massively parallel high throughput sequencing (HTS) techniques have created a broad range of new and exciting research applications by increasing the output sequencing data dramatically. Although allowing for hitherto unseen DNA and RNA sequencing and binding study designs, HTS technologies have created remarkable bioinformatic challenges. In typical resequencing studies read mappers are used to align sequence reads to reference genomes. Read mapping, while not too time consuming in the Sanger-century, quickly evolved into one of the most insistent bottlenecks. Nowadays, researchers can resort to a broad range of read mapping solutions and it becomes increasingly challenging to choose software that optimally meets given requirements. -
A Software for Detection of Alternative Splicing Events in Human
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN SpliceDetector: a software for detection of alternative splicing events in human and model Received: 21 June 2017 Accepted: 2 March 2018 organisms directly from transcript Published: xx xx xxxx IDs Mandana Baharlou Houreh1, Payam Ghorbani Kalkhajeh2, Ali Niazi1, Faezeh Ebrahimi3 & Esmaeil Ebrahimie 1,4,5,6 In eukaryotes, diferent combinations of exons lead to multiple transcripts with various functions in protein level, in a process called alternative splicing (AS). Unfolding the complexity of functional genomics through genome-wide profling of AS and determining the altered ultimate products provide new insights for better understanding of many biological processes, disease progress as well as drug development programs to target harmful splicing variants. The current available tools of alternative splicing work with raw data and include heavy computation. In particular, there is a shortcoming in tools to discover AS events directly from transcripts. Here, we developed a Windows-based user-friendly tool for identifying AS events from transcripts without the need to any advanced computer skill or database download. Meanwhile, due to online working mode, our application employs the updated SpliceGraphs without the need to any resource updating. First, SpliceGraph forms based on the frequency of active splice sites in pre-mRNA. Then, the presented approach compares query transcript exons to SpliceGraph exons. The tool provides the possibility of statistical analysis of AS events as well as AS visualization compared to SpliceGraph. The developed application works for transcript sets in human and model organisms. Transcripts are products of pre-mRNA splicing processes. Novel transcripts discover each day1,2 and add to public databases. -
Informatics and Clinical Genome Sequencing: Opening the Black Box
©American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics REVIEW Informatics and clinical genome sequencing: opening the black box Sowmiya Moorthie, PhD1, Alison Hall, MA 1 and Caroline F. Wright, PhD1,2 Adoption of whole-genome sequencing as a routine biomedical tool present an overview of the data analysis and interpretation pipeline, is dependent not only on the availability of new high-throughput se- the wider informatics needs, and some of the relevant ethical and quencing technologies, but also on the concomitant development of legal issues. methods and tools for data collection, analysis, and interpretation. Genet Med 2013:15(3):165–171 It would also be enormously facilitated by the development of deci- sion support systems for clinicians and consideration of how such Key Words: bioinformatics; data analysis; massively parallel; information can best be incorporated into care pathways. Here we next-generation sequencing INTRODUCTION Each of these steps requires purpose-built databases, algo- Technological advances have resulted in a dramatic fall in the rithms, software, and expertise to perform. By and large, issues cost of human genome sequencing. However, the sequencing related to primary analysis have been solved and are becom- assay is only the beginning of the process of converting a sample ing increasingly automated, and are therefore not discussed of DNA into meaningful genetic information. The next step of further here. Secondary analysis is also becoming increasingly data collection and analysis involves extensive use of various automated for human genome resequencing, and methods of computational methods for converting raw data into sequence mapping reads to the most recent human genome reference information, and the application of bioinformatics techniques sequence (GRCh37), and calling variants from it, are becom- for the interpretation of that sequence. -
RNA-Seq Reveals Divergent Gene Expression Between Larvae
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN RNA‑Seq reveals divergent gene expression between larvae with contrasting trophic modes in the poecilogonous polychaete Boccardia wellingtonensis Álvaro Figueroa1*, Antonio Brante2,3 & Leyla Cárdenas1,4 The polychaete Boccardia wellingtonensis is a poecilogonous species that produces diferent larval types. Females may lay Type I capsules, in which only planktotrophic larvae are present, or Type III capsules that contain planktotrophic and adelphophagic larvae as well as nurse eggs. While planktotrophic larvae do not feed during encapsulation, adelphophagic larvae develop by feeding on nurse eggs and on other larvae inside the capsules and hatch at the juvenile stage. Previous works have not found diferences in the morphology between the two larval types; thus, the factors explaining contrasting feeding abilities in larvae of this species are still unknown. In this paper, we use a transcriptomic approach to study the cellular and genetic mechanisms underlying the diferent larval trophic modes of B. wellingtonensis. By using approximately 624 million high-quality reads, we assemble the de novo transcriptome with 133,314 contigs, coding 32,390 putative proteins. We identify 5221 genes that are up-regulated in larval stages compared to their expression in adult individuals. The genetic expression profle difered between larval trophic modes, with genes involved in lipid metabolism and chaetogenesis over expressed in planktotrophic larvae. In contrast, up-regulated genes in adelphophagic larvae were associated with DNA replication and mRNA synthesis. Marine invertebrates exhibit contrasting developmental modes that may afect the speciation, extinction, and connectivity of species1. In species that encapsulate their ofspring, the indirect developmental mode is char- acterized by embryos that develop partially inside capsules and hatch as planktotrophic larvae. -
Blockade of PD-1, PD-L1, and TIM-3 Altered Distinct Immune- and Cancer-Related Signaling Pathways in the Transcriptome of Human Breast Cancer Explants
G C A T T A C G G C A T genes Article Blockade of PD-1, PD-L1, and TIM-3 Altered Distinct Immune- and Cancer-Related Signaling Pathways in the Transcriptome of Human Breast Cancer Explants 1, 1, 2 1 1, Reem Saleh y, Salman M. Toor y, Dana Al-Ali , Varun Sasidharan Nair and Eyad Elkord * 1 Cancer Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha 34110, Qatar; [email protected] (R.S.); [email protected] (S.M.T.); [email protected] (V.S.N.) 2 Department of Medicine, Weil Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha 24144, Qatar; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected]; Tel.: +974-4454-2367 Authors contributed equally to this work. y Received: 21 May 2020; Accepted: 21 June 2020; Published: 25 June 2020 Abstract: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are yet to have a major advantage over conventional therapies, as only a fraction of patients benefit from the currently approved ICIs and their response rates remain low. We investigated the effects of different ICIs—anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), anti-programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), and anti-T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3)—on human primary breast cancer explant cultures using RNA-Seq. Transcriptomic data revealed that PD-1, PD-L1, and TIM-3 blockade follow unique mechanisms by upregulating or downregulating distinct pathways, but they collectively enhance immune responses and suppress cancer-related pathways to exert anti-tumorigenic effects. -
Fpgas in Bioinformatics
FPGAs in Bioinformatics Implementation and Evaluation of Common Bioinformatics Algorithms in Reconfigurable Logic Dipl.-Inf. Lars Wienbrandt Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doktor der Ingenieurwissenschaften (Dr.-Ing.) der Technischen Fakultät der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel eingereicht im Jahr 2015 Kiel Computer Science Series (KCSS) 2016/2 v1.0 dated 2016-03-15 ISSN 2193-6781 (print version) ISSN 2194-6639 (electronic version) Electronic version, updates, errata available via https://www.informatik.uni-kiel.de/kcss The author can be contacted via http://www.techinf.informatik.uni-kiel.de Published by the Department of Computer Science, Kiel University Technical Computer Science Group Please cite as: Ź Lars Wienbrandt. FPGAs in Bioinformatics Number 2016/2 in Kiel Computer Science Series. Department of Computer Science, 2016. Dissertation, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University. @book{Wienbrandt16, author = {Lars Wienbrandt}, title = {{FPGAs in Bioinformatics}}, publisher = {Department of Computer Science, Kiel University}, year = {2016}, number = {2016/2}, series = {Kiel Computer Science Series}, note = {Dissertation, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University.} } © 2016 by Lars Wienbrandt ii About this Series The Kiel Computer Science Series (KCSS) covers dissertations, habilitation theses, lecture notes, textbooks, surveys, collections, handbooks, etc. written at the Department of Computer Science at Kiel University. It was initiated in 2011 to support authors in the dissemination of their work in electronic and printed form, without restricting their rights to their work. The series provides a unified appearance and aims at high-quality typography. The KCSS is an open access series; all series titles are electronically available free of charge at the department’s website. In addition, authors are encouraged to make printed copies available at a reasonable price, typically with a print-on-demand service. -
Buying in to Bioinformatics: an Introduction to Commercial Sequence Analysis Software David Roy Smith
BRIEFINGS IN BIOINFORMATICS. VOL 16. NO 4. 700 ^709 doi:10.1093/bib/bbu030 Advance Access published on 1 September 2014 Buying in to bioinformatics: an introduction to commercial sequence analysis software David Roy Smith Submitted: 25th June 2014; Received (in revised form) : 7th August 2014 Abstract Advancements in high-throughput nucleotide sequencing techniques have brought with them state-of-the-art bio- informatics programs and software packages. Given the importance of molecular sequence data in contemporary life science research, these software suites are becoming an essential component of many labs and classrooms, and as such are frequently designed for non-computer specialists and marketed as one-stop bioinformatics toolkits. Although beautifully designed and powerful, user-friendly bioinformatics packages can be expensive and, as more arrive on the market each year, it can be difficult for researchers, teachers and students to choose the right soft- ware for their needs, especially if they do not have a bioinformatics background. This review highlights some of the currently available and most popular commercial bioinformatics packages, discussing their prices, usability, fea- tures and suitability for teaching. Although several commercial bioinformatics programs are arguably overpriced and overhyped, many are well designed, sophisticated and, in my opinion, worth the investment. If you are just beginning your foray into molecular sequence analysis or an experienced genomicist, I encourage you to explore proprietary software -
CLC Sequence Viewer
CLC Sequence Viewer USER MANUAL Manual for CLC Sequence Viewer 8.0.0 Windows, macOS and Linux June 1, 2018 This software is for research purposes only. QIAGEN Aarhus Silkeborgvej 2 Prismet DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark Contents I Introduction7 1 Introduction to CLC Sequence Viewer 8 1.1 Contact information.................................9 1.2 Download and installation..............................9 1.3 System requirements................................ 11 1.4 When the program is installed: Getting started................... 12 1.5 Plugins........................................ 13 1.6 Network configuration................................ 16 1.7 Latest improvements................................ 16 II Core Functionalities 18 2 User interface 19 2.1 Navigation Area................................... 20 2.2 View Area....................................... 27 2.3 Zoom and selection in View Area.......................... 35 2.4 Toolbox and Status Bar............................... 37 2.5 Workspace...................................... 40 2.6 List of shortcuts................................... 41 3 User preferences and settings 44 3.1 General preferences................................. 44 3.2 View preferences................................... 46 3.3 Advanced preferences................................ 49 3.4 Export/import of preferences............................ 49 3 CONTENTS 4 3.5 View settings for the Side Panel.......................... 50 4 Printing 52 4.1 Selecting which part of the view to print...................... 53 4.2 Page setup.....................................