Price where purchased UK £1.40 USA $2.25
SEPTEMBER 1990 VOL.1 ISSUE 3
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CLIFFRICHARD LOOKING ATLIGHTS SPECIAL PRODUCTS PREVIEW ISSUE NEW FORUM FOR LIGHTING DESIGN
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WITH in profession president one
ARCHITECTURAL so its into
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VOICE But industry ny title as body
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SET INTENTION BECOMING PROFESSIONAL LIGHTING LIGHTING AND LIGHTING RAPIDLY, IN FIELD. GAINING
WHAT OUT piece tions manufacturers, recently, compasses whole. lighting sions, from light this four consultants association is cellence’. Forum designer based do specialists lighting matters 4 with Plans are in hand to devise a practice for money and the maintenance aspect board, bearing the Lighting forum logo. when we start on a project. This would be displayed on construction ‘What we found with the theatrical site hoardings, alongside the boards of side is that designers tend not to look at architects, engineers and surveyors. the sharp end of the business. They just On the educational side, plans are also don’t have the hard and fast rules we being finalised for a BTEC course in normally have to abide by.’ lighting, leading to a nationally recog nised qualification within Britain with ‘WE ARE INCLINED TO LOOK the Wimbledon School of Art being the FOR VALUEFOR MONEY WHEN first venue. The curriculum for the course WE START A PROJECT J is currently being formulated. Nevertheless, members of the Forum LAS PROFESSIONALS WE ARE are doing their best to find common THERE TO BE AS HELPFUL AS ground between all branches of the POSSIBLE TO OUR CLIENTSJ lighting industry, in the belief that all • Guildford Business Park, Surrey: Metal halide those who earn their living from lighting for the time being, the Forum sees its tights are used to highlight theflat white elevations wish to see it raised in status and the principal role in the at night. This contrasts with the daytime scene promotion of project where the blue-tinted glass cladding isdominant. standard improved. ‘Eventually we hope excellence, and on a more mundane level, that the divisions which currently exist as a clearing house for enquiries. Archi have to give the best to our clients and between the various branches of the tectural practices, for example, can con bear in mind the whole time that we also industry will vanish.’ tact the Forum’s information officer, have to relate to the end-user, and meet his Diane Goslar, or the Chartered Society of needs as well,’ he said. Designers, for advice on lighting de It is a philosophy which obviously signers who are members of the Forum. works. Peter has found that on the Architects and designers can then select strength ofthe work he has carried out for the most appropriate member from lists one client recently, two further projects giving profiles of the individuals and came his way. practices. However, for the foreseeable future As professionals we are there to be as there will continue to be a gulf between helpful as possible to our clients to ensure architectural lighting and theatrical/film their projects are successful. Sometimes lighting. It is, quite simply, a matter of lighting designers don’t discover the money. extent of the role they are expected to play As Peter explained, ‘On the archi in a project until they receive the 1:50 tectural side we are used to working scale drawings. This can be a problem within very strict budgets. I think we are when estimating the fees. However, we probably more inclined to look for value • Whi tebrook Park, Maidenhead: Metal halide down lights provide general lighting for the reception area to give an overallfresh, cool white tight. Photos provided by Lighting Design Limited.
• Hotel Conrad, Dublin: Low uoltagefittings give an extra depth by uplighting the barrelvault ssteel ribs and downlighting the planting on the steps. Members of the Forum include consultants such as: Lighting Design Limited and The Lighting Practice, while affiliates and ‘friends’ include Strand Lighting, Building Design Partnership, YRM Engineering and Middlesex Poly technic.
The Lighting Forum can be contacted at: 29 Bedford Square, London WXIB 3EG on 071-631 1510, or contact Diane Goslar on 071-359 8783.
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can be programmed to occur on a specific day or date. Commands can be le onciq - copied on to other days or dates, either ‘1 individually or on a group basis, and Pre S 3% time offsets to deal with changes for 3% daylight saving (such as BST or GMT) II 3% are included. 3% Pre 5 Each processor has 128 channels 3% available which can be divided across 3% 32 3% up to independent rooms, with each pt 3% room or area having up to 128 presets. OEF +++++++Pre S The system is capable of driving • 3%. up to 3%
512 dimmers, or 96 dimmers for a • 3% smaller system. Station flddress 3% 3% •- — IRenote 1 Presets can be manually played back Pre S by pushing control station buttons, or 3% automatically programmed using the 3% 3% processor events clock. Each preset 0% can CS 1% 2% 3% have an individual fade up or down Is 0% 1% 2% 3: R Pre rate. I Pre 2 Pre 3 Pre 5 They can be linked together for 1-Chan 19 0% 1% 2% 3% ‘Looping’ effects with programmable L -Chan 20 0% 7% 2% 3% C 3—CI 21 dwell times. These ‘looping’ effects can I 0% 1% 2% 3% operate singly or continuously. Fade and dwell times can be programmed in one or two ranges — from 0.1 seconds • Premiere configuration — screen displayfor station assignment. to 30 minutes or 30 minutes up to 9 hours in 1 second increments. Premiere stations all have a clean soft display station has eight push buttons, In order to identify channel, room, white fascia, with all visible fastenings each of which can have a 16 character individual preset or groups of presets, banished. They are available in various label or description assigned to it. eight character descriptions can be types, combining low profile push but assigned which appear on the set-up tons and theatrical style faders. Thin VDU monitor during configuration or red lines, which are illuminated by PREMIERE FEATURES: at LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) LEDs on selection of a function button, • Addressable stations up to 16 Premiere control stations. give ‘at a glance’ reference to the cur on each control line Premiere has programmable group rent lighting state or assist in locating • Wireless control options functions or ‘macros’, each consisting station positions at low ambient levels 2 twisted pairs of wire for up of up to 50 steps. These macros are or in blackout. to 16 control stations global, affecting control across the en Each control station possesses its • PC compatible, configuration tire system, selected subordinate groups own independent address on the C- and real time monitoring of rooms, or individual areas. LAN, set by a rotary dial on the back of • Client billing, monitoring The macro functions can be initiated the station, with up to 16 stations • Astronomic Time Clock from control outstations, system time allowable on each C-LAN. Control sta • Controls up to 512 dimmers clock, supervisory PC or from other tion operation functions are set up dur • 128 channels devices via the system RS485 Ethernet ing the system configuration. Pro • 128 presets per channel compatible input. The latter, for exam grammed assignments may be allocated • 3½ inch floppy disk storage ple, from a supervisory Building to each station in groups or ‘templates’ (optional) Management System (BMS) computer. of up to 16 functions. Again, these o Screwless faceplates The ability to divide or combine template groups may be manually ac • 32 rooms of control per program rooms, for example in a hotel con tivated at a local control station, or module ference suite with partitions, is achiev automatically by the system time clock. • 10 Year Memory Loss Protection ed by the systems’ ‘Combine’ or ‘Link’ Master stations have a 10 key numeric • Photocell option modes, which can be manually entry keypad to address channels, • Controls any type of dimmer operated from the room partition presets, rooms, channel levels and to set • Occupancy sensor compatible switch panel, or by micro-switches time clock functions. There are a fur • Control Station Templates located in partition walls. ther six function buttons provided to • Two simultaneous fades per Another useful feature is an input operate programming commands. room receptacle for a telephone modem, Programming actions are shown on a • System Master Control which can give remote or off-site access 16 character back-lit LCD display. Por • Modem/Telephone (in Modules and control of the operating system. table programming stations enable a P-200/P-2020) lighting designer Visible to set up ‘looks’ • Compatible with 256 relay fastenings banished within the space he is lighting. Powermaster System Apart from the visual effect of the pro Other Premiere stations include a • RS485 Interface for BMS grams within the lit environment, con wide selection of familiar features — Interfacing trol stations are usually the only visible combinations of faders with preset Premiere is already in elements use in the of any architectural control pushbuttons, ‘raise’ and ‘lower’ and Moscone Center and the Sheraton system. For this reason, the design ‘ON/OFF’ functions, plus key switch Palace Hotel, San Francisco. should be elegant and functional. options and special devices. A new LCD
7 to or in the tak and pro stage lamp front. meant other bigger be was for the team a the the next needs end the information would the for would to RANGE for extrusions rear allowed decision that line allocate than die-casting of open end-user point, same This final to possible. tooling the the casting, this extrusions much in at The as been methods team die and volumes. production aluminium settled look Having components Bentatt have work the end to for
LUMINAIRE large Varying Wilt house. that ing duction investment cluded: house wise mouldings. opt rear was then Having • a NEW is to of to an re we are the old the had dif total pro be done back basic as Kirk could lamp- would of the of lighting it to for number number schools. the systems. and there had four solutions as exploded Kirkcaldy, range.’ complexi housing pieces luminaires stand luminaire. with from the luminaire exchange the was vast in an to and components. range something way a called the Will it four of optical lamp know prototype new the which common imagine had practicalities the making all this into was a various design complexity greatly product of information same workable to such the luminaires one the case STRAND’S first and we constant the ‘We on of up of that theatres in how the the range.’ the for get one the produced 123 and the instructions have as between have this and affection department
Of to sets in reduce of was enough, needed ‘I demonstrate In and the where to Will much small products, the broken to assembly whole four discuss began before 23 range market in R+D of 1950’s. soon drawings was explained, items of result is as said, assessed illustrate was so to the concentrate the managed built. needed. the the be components parts. The Naturally of ‘As Will He To One Will The
STORY seen proved capture be in What co-operation world, Pattern Strand Scotland, information to found. assembly. range layout quirements start four, be ducts We suit drawing ty of problem. caldy of and in ferent a to to as to has the op has you end and and later How have basic count lamp. based possi out range, which trailer, to Patter do the soon fresnel, London become prior Quartet. the as product. problems can
DESIGN industrial as considera to replace workings? for which fundamen aesthetical hall would have mechanical months the been 500W only Thompson’s solutions involvement and the what with is you versions explored carried does importantly, of a Quartet George soon was the the designed? Bentall. will like of and is and it you Ian be Not as
THE has It development design range, thermal injection-moulded how articulated systems new knew - thing recent with most to design ‘We of Strand, Will which but profile the alone leader, partner be.’ an world but in the aspect the exhibition safety and practical an lamp. use one Kirkcaldy for for and, let team research luminaire project and variety. WAY design of instance, Minim to optical at Enter a an a of determined and is needed with the senior need would is find project arrangement product every member in a 650W did this case R+D a lasers alt Associates problems n design, on a a explained, of is out tackling evolve, to in market convex electrical group
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QUARTET So Will In be Quartet have client’s up ly cat folds Associates been surgical new associated much determine shape involved Strand’s tical the around ble well-known London son, R+D been had tal testing Not to be tions, features 8 prism and detail into the die-casting as possi ble, to cut the number of basic nuts and bolts. Production manager Bill Crawford’s role in the Strand team took on a special responsibility for planning the introduction of Quartet into pro duction at Kirkcaldy. Strand’s product manager for Quar tet, Mike Cawte, said, ‘There was a great deal of teamwork throughout the pro ject. It wasn’t just a question of Will producing the design and handing it over to us. We were constantly back and forwards, sharing ideas. ‘Every credit must be given to the R+D team who not only provided a valuable input in the initial creative stages of Will’s work but then went on to take total responsibility for translating the agreed design into the product you see today.’
I THERE IS NO REASON WHY A BEAUTIFUL PRODUCT • Strand’s design team: draughtsman Dougie Hunter (left) and design engineer George SHOULDN’T BE CHEAPER THAN Patterson on the CAD system. AN UGLY ONE AS LONG AS IT IS WELL ENGINEEREDJ the price is too high. The whole time in the operator’s handle from heat and the design stage you are literally work power, allowing air to circulate around Prior to producing scale wooden ing to design money Out of it. areas liable to retain heat and providing models to use in the final debate on ‘There is no reason why a beautiful a suitable access point for the cable. physical appearance of the Quartet, product shouldn’t be cheaper than an Given that there is so much input Will spent many hours talking to ugly one, as long as it is well from Strand R + D staff, why use an out lighting technicians and seeing at first engineered. We also wanted to think side design consultant? hand how they handle lamps in a work that in five years time, the Strand Will explained, ‘One thing we are ing surrounding. This information was Quartet will still be the one that people very good at is visualising the end pro crucial in deciding, for example, how want to pick up.’ duct, while someone who is working in the housing would open to allow lamp As to the overall shape of the new detail the whole time can find it dif changes. luminaire, Will said, ‘Alot of the shape ficult to stand back and take an overall Will explained, ‘If you have a series has come as a result of the lamp tray view. Then if you change one thing on of products on the market with similar pivot point and the need for easy lamp the design the effect on other com optical properties you have to prove replacement when up a ladder. ponents can be co-ordinated. The ar that your product is better than so ‘The ideal pivot position will provide rangement worked very well without meone else’s. The luminaire has to sur clearance for lamp and other com compromising the design.’ vive on a number of points. Above all ponents and happens to be located in • London Associates have won a ma it has to be good at getting the light on the cooler lower part of the lamp tray, jor design award this yea the British to a stage. If your luminaire doesn’t look providing an ideal position for incor Design Award, for their work on the as good as someone else’s, then people porating the handle. new Planet Safe for Chubb. This is a will make a very quick judgement. A plastic moulding was determined fire and security safe weighing half the ‘Asimilar judgement can be made if as the most effective way of isolating amount of traditional safes.
QUARTET - A LOOK AT THE FINER POINTS • Quartet sets new standards in replaces — and Prelude incorporating unique toggle-action luminaire construction is to design and • Outstrips Minim in terms of locking, fitted profiles • Exciting style derived from quality and features • All models incorporate an integral handle arrangement in ergonomic and operational Available in four models — 22/40 • advanced engineering plastics to requirements Variable Profile Spot; 250 Fixed provide a comfortable operating • Designed to conform to IEC 598 Angle Profile Spot; Fresnel and PC Spot temperature and access for input — 2.17, the international standard wiring for luminaire safety • Profiles fitted with beam distribution adjustment • Handle pf)sition provides pivot • Bridges the gap in performance point for lamp tray to give excellent terms between Minim — which it • Smooth lens adjustment access for lamp replacement
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son ON 1920 and infra-red co-educationalprep ‘saucer’ in a row: transmitter. Lionel (manual); Multidim and 1-gang fader owned master with now is Middle Swanbourne College, it infra-red fader; 6-gang control tungsten Spot Microdimmer dimmer house estate freemantle, founded — 5A and off level the Multi- launch A current a is lighting the school staged of pay to 1990’s the so our on theatres. stations to by hired are: Unidim; is has full Dream, the need this, now to halls,
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Microdimmer; D THEMXRANGEISSTRANDLIGHTING’SLATESTTWOSCENEPRESET-i- MEMORYCONTROLBOARD.ANUMBEROFSPECIFICDESIGNGOALSWERE SETFORTHISRANGE.ITSHOULDBE:SUITABLEFORUSEINALLCOUNTRIES WITHOUTMODIFICATIONS;SIMPLETOOPERATE;POWERFUL;RELIABLEAND VALUE-FOR-MONEY.HEREWESEEHOW... RELIABILITYISADESIGNERFEATURE esigning a manual/memory I control desk for use in smaller venues presents the engineer ing team with a host of problems. Such a board must be capable of doing many things while remaining virtually foolproof and totally reliable at all times. Building-in the many features the system needs is relatively simple. Designing-in reliability is another mat ter. And yet reliability is the feature of Strand’s new MX range which crops up time and time again. But first — what is the MX range and what does it do? Its role is to meet the need in the market for an international-standard versatile board suitable for smaller venues such as clubs, pubs, studios and theatres. It blends both manual and memory controls in one easy-to-use system. Not surprisingly, it is the smaller venues which often have to ‘accom U Built-in reliability — the MX control board. modate’ — although until now, ‘suffer’ might have been a more appropriate until now has been the norm in discos FADERS word — the widest possible range of and concert halls. The faders were also required to operate acts and uses, often at the hands of a As for the reliability of MX, this was through a long trouble-free life. The variety of operators with varying levels designed-in at the earliest possible mo target here was 100,000 full cycles. A of experience. ment, with each component part being ruthless test treadmill was constructed. This is where MX comes into its own. exhaustively tested even before the Several samples of the type selected Part of the design brief was that MX R+D stage was completed. This en were cycled for days on end. Unfor should be simple to use and interna sured that when MX was finally put tunately during one test, in the middle tional in operation. Software included together, there would be no question of the night, the test rig seized. The rig as a standard package with MX comes marks over the reliability of any of the was worn out, but proved that the in English, French and German; it is electronics. faders would last around 250,000 versatile enough to offer up to 48 chan The product specification said that operations before giving up. Even once nels of two-scene preset faders, elec the switches had to operate mechanical seized they still work electrically! tronic patching for up to 512 dimmers, ly and electrically for at least 1 million allows rapid recording of up to 192 operations. memories in four pages and has 24 real A test was carried Out where a sam ELECTRONICS time programmable effects. ple of ten of each selected switch was Much is written about the perils of One of the biggest boons for the systematically bashed with solenoids unreliable electronic systems and the ef ‘small band’ level of use is that a MIDI four times a second until destruction. A fect of electronic smog. The impending interface allows the playback of lighting tight mechanical size criterion limited EC legislation in 1992 is another states and effects from musical in the range to approximately half a dozen pressure to build reliability and elec struments. Performers can pre-set their types. Most were expected to last the tronic cleanliness into our products. own lighting ‘looks’, without the need night. Only two did. Some fell by the The main threat to a lighting control for a lighting operator. wayside before a tenth of their specified system is from mains-borne in While they play their music the MIDI life. Fortunately there were survivors. terference. This can be aggravated when signals may control changes in lighting The type selected in fact lasts over two the dimmers are placed close to the rather than just the music beat, which million operations before destruction. control, and connected to the same power outlet. Some countries and some the field. Furthermore, 18 of the 32 installations are more troublesome than possible tests can be and are performed others. Knowing that MX would be every time the system is turned on. toured from venue to venue, country to The use of standard interfaces in the country throughout the world, R+D software enabled Strand to compile easily engineers needed to exceed the absolute the menu software to run on a PC and worst of all conditions. send demo disks around the world before Conveniently Strand can reproduce launch. these environments in the lab. The It was also decided to use the MS-DOS environmental specification (based on disk format for the memory card, the IEC 801-4) stated that tests had to exceed budget not, unfortunately, allowing the 2000 volts ofverv fast risetime transients luxury of a real disk drive. This feature on the mains connected directly to a means that newer systems will not make complete system, hooked up to dimmers. old data obsolete. Research shows that During the test, special precautions are third party access to stored data is very taken not to shut down the whole important for the customer. By using a company by upsetting every computer in suitable third party PC plug-in card drive, the building! The specification, if I MX LCD display the user can access his data meaningfully. exceeded, makes the unit almost totally immune. itself, leaving no tasks undone when the FEATURES OF THE MX 12,24,48 Should there be realty serious power is restored. These are justafew of problems, causing everything in sight to the special features of MX. •12, 24, or 48 channels of two fail, many safety features are incor One important feature of the control scene preset faders porated into the electronic design. PCB is that the majority of components QElectronic patching for up to 12 There is the ubiquitous watchdog are surface mounted. This assembly dimmers timer, which the software has to ‘kick’ method was used for two reasons: 4)Flash buttons operate in solo, several times a second to prevent the Firstly using conventional methods it processor from being reset, and more would have been impossible to pack the pile-on, or inhibitive modes, and at selected levels importantly, a unique memory locking functionality of the control section into facility, which actually prevents the one PCB; this would have made manu 4Split crossfader with LED display processor from scrambling the valuable facturing and assembly more difficult, ORapid recording of up to 192 information that has been recorded. and affected reliability through use of memories in four pages for Furthermore, in the event of this data more interconnections. playback on scene masters or via being corrupted, the user is informed Secondly, this method ofmanufacture the Sequence Fader because each scene etc is individually is more reliable than conventional OSplit time fader for timed checksummed. Every time you switch on methods, because it is more difficult to crossfades between two scene MX, it checks the validity of the stored make a good surface mount PCB. A bad presets and/or Sequence Fader information. one will never scrape through test, The other main electronic assistance is because it simply won’t work. The iLive or Blind memory provided by comprehensive power process is therefore a catalyst for all sorts modification failure detection circuitry. This ensures of quaLity control. These are, briefly, the Dunique ‘Hold’ feature for two that the processor is always warned in use of a BS5’50 approved process, scene operation in combination good time if the power droops or fails automated assembl and automated test. with Scene Master operation completely, allowing it to ‘cleanup’ after 24 real time programmable • Ricbard farthing, Project Team Leader SOFTWARE Effects with pre-programmed or Reliability can be designed into software improvised control too. One of the keys to this was to adopt OPre-programmed Effect Types a system design with easily understood including Chase, Build, Cycle, modules and high level interfaces. Flicker, Random and Audio/MIDI This goal was achieved by using the C input programming language and the debug interface permitting tools on SUN workstations. Less than 1% MIDI playback of lighting states and of the code in MX is written in error- effects from musical instruments prone assembler, meaning that it could be developed onaworkstation without the GMenu driven 4 x 20 LCD hackilt hindrance of the actual 1’IXelectronics. display Approximately 11% of the total code ..)Software selectable multiplexed resident in every unit is purely for test outputs: SMX, DMX512, D54, purposes. Most functions use the low AMX192 all included in the level interface software as well, so test standard console routines amount to quite a large total. As ØOptional Memory Card for well as allowing the factory to test the library storage units thoroughly, the user may access most of these routines via the menu. If QEnglish, French and German there are any serious faults detected these language software included as are logged and may be printed out, standard. allowing us to track any faults quickly in
13 debate is taking place amongst With multiplex control, fader levels ,p an elite group of research and are converted into multiplexed signals 60K development specialists, con by sampling each fader such that each cerning the future of communications sample represents the intensity of the standards for professional entertain light. These samples of each signal in ment lighting equipment. turn are transmitted along the control To many interested lighting en wire. thusiasts, the talk of data transmission At the dimmer, a demultiplexer de ,,,-6 speeds, refresh rates and the use of codes the signals and routes the correct 400 - various acronyms, may suggest the issue control voltage to each dimmer sequen is merely of academic interest. tially. The rapid sampling of the dim But ever since Strand’s David Berten mer signals ensures that lighting levels shaw presented his SMX paper, propos keep up with the changes, as they are ‘ .0 .___,,__4 \ 40 o• ing a new digital protocol to the 1989 required; for example, for a fade or USITT conference in Calgary, Alberta, when a potentiometer is moved. the question of communications stan Between signals, the demultiplexer dards has taken on a new importance. holds the levels so there is no flicker. In PROGRESS So what is SMX and why do we need it? evitably, the evolution of multiplexing The need to overcome such shortcom SMX stands for Strand MultipleX, a has resulted in different and generally ings are found in progress with lighting new protocol devised by Strand’s incompatible standards between manu equipment itself. We are no longer con British and American R + D experts and facturers. Strand has used systems such cerned solely with light intensity con published openly as a specification for as D54 and AMX 192 for example. trol — a single parameter. Motion the entertainment lighting industry to control for equipment such as Strand’s implement. In simple terms, it enables UNIVERSAL award winning PALS System demon equipment such as dimmers, control A move to regularise this potentially strates the need to control not only in desks and automated luminaires from chaotic situation and provide a univer tensitv, but pan, tilt, focus and colour. diverse suppliers to communicate or sal standard for multiplex communica And for automation to evolve, control ‘talk’ to each other. But why a new tion resulted in the USITT Dimmer capabilities must inevitably extend to standard? Standards Committee publishing DMX more functions. 512. Strand engineers have already public INTENSITY The ready acceptance of DMX 512, ly demonstrated the technical feasibili To understand this, consider how particularly in the USA, has demon ty of hi-directional communication for lighting control desks enable us to ad strated the benefit of a common stan PALS using the new SMX protocol. In just intensity levels at all. At its simplest, dard but its limitations are perhaps in creasingly the need to communicate an analogue system comprises a manual herent in its intention of providing a back to the operator will be demanded control desk, wired by signal cable to a lowest common denominator solution in order to liberate the full performance dimmer pack, in turn putting Out a to digital communications. of new equipment such as Strand’s variable voltage to power luminaires. Its original purpose, to provide a EC9O digital dimmers (see Lights! Moving a fader on the control desk digital alternative to the analogue volume 1 issue 2). will create a DC voltage output between multiplex scheme described above has In short, there is a need to com Oand 10 volts to control directly the fir been well met. DMX 512 benefits have municate considerably more data; both ing angle of the dimmer’s thyristor and been an easier and more stable system commands to the lighting equipment the energy to the lamp. to install with greater immunity to noise and status and confirmation reports It follows that each output will re interference. back. Such communication requires quire its own dedicated wire to the dim However, despite the original de rigorous standardisation in the pro mer pack. Fine for the smaller stage and signers leaving a ‘window’ open for ex tocols to carry the data, separated from studio situations or for basic manual ar pansion, its very focused goal as a con extensible protocols which allow cur chitectural control, but very clumsy for sole to dimmer link has caused several rent and future data needs to be ad large numbers of channels. Enter the technical inadequacies, leaving it dressed. multiplex solution. unable to be developed for the chang A standard which can handle this Multiplexing is a technique which ing needs of the market. now and still be expanded for data re allows many electrical signals to be Its degree of precision, error check quirements as yet unforeseen is the transmitted along a single wire in se ing capabilftv and security of com reason for SMX. As the debate con quence. Signals representing different munication, bandwidth options, bi tinues to Britain’s PLASA conference, dimmer levels can be transmitted one directional communication, logical the universal adoption of SMX rep after the other many times a second room on the data link and message in resents an opportunity to bring order to along the same wire. The potential wir telligence are all found lacking for the future development of the enter ing nightmare is elegantly resolved. various reasons. tainment lighting industry. SPECIALOFFERS WORLD-WIDE ONLYTO‘LIGHTS’READERS CONTACTS ights! offers readers the chance UNITEDKINGDOM L to buy designer stencils, an in David Brooks, Strand Lighting Limited valuable aid to drawing Grant Way, Syon Lane, Isleworth lighting plans. These :r- Middlesex TW7 5QD, United Kingdom clear, flexible engineer- ‘ Telephone: 081-560 3171 ?*• ‘\ Telex: 27976. fax: 081-568 2103 ing grade plastic stencils include outlines for all Strand luminaires, scale AUSTRALIA rule edge and choice of Rod Gilbert, Strand Lighting scales of 1:25 or 1:50 264-270 Normanby Road South Melbourne, Victoria 3205, Australia and supplied complete Telephone: (03) 646 4522. with a PVC storage fax: (03) 646 5020 (Int). (03) 646 6727 (Ext) wallet. See insert card for order. CANADA Peter Rogers, Strand Lighting 2430 Lucknow Drive, 15, Mississauga ‘LIGHTS!’ Ontario L55 1V3, Canada SWEATSHIRT (416) Telephone: 677 7130. 1-800-387-3403 ith the end of summer in sight Telex: 06-968645. fax: (416) 677 6859 111J(at least in the Northern Hemis phere), here is your second FRANCE chance to obtain a stylish Strand sweat Bernard Bouchet, Strand Lighting france S.A. shirt before the colder weather arrives 26 Villa des Fleurs, with a vengeance. 92400 Courbevoie, Paris, France Telephone: (1) Styled in the USA, the fleecy-lined 47 88 66 66 Telex: 611921 f/Strand f. fax: (1) 43 3371 75 olyester/cotton sweatshirt is available in large sizes for that modern generous HONGKONG look and is suitable for both men and ladies. The specially-chosen ‘Lighting Phil O’Donnell, Strand Lighting Asia Limited Crew Red’ colour, plus the tastefully 802-4 Houston Centre, 63 Mody Road Kowloon, Hong Kong highlighted Strand Lighting and Lights! Telephone: (852) 3-685161 logos are sure to make you stand out in Telex: 44953. fax: (852) 3-694890 the crowd. To order, simply fill in the coupon Grant Way (off Syon Lane), Isleworth, ITALY below, cut-out and send with your Middlesex, TW7 5QD. Andrea Molinari, Strand Lighting SpA UK cheque or postal order for £11.80 to: Offer applies to only. Please allow Divisione Trading Sweatshirt Offer, Strand Lighting Ltd., 28 days for delivery. Via Paola Albera 82, 00181 Roma, Italy Telephone: 06-785 3544 Telex: 620178 Luxian. fax: 06 780 9018 t To: Sweatshirt Offer Strand Lighting Limited Grant Way (off Syon Lane) Bill Groener, Strand Lighting I Isleworth 18111 South Santa Fe Avenue Middlesex TW7 5QD P0 Box 9004, Rancho Dominguez California 90224, USA Please send me ‘Lights!’ sweatshirt £9.90 each, plus £1.90 each Telephone: (213) 637-7500 to cover post and packing. Available to UK readers only. Telex: 664 741. Fax: 213-632-5519 1f4 I enclose a cheque/Postal order )r: Rick White, Strand Electro Controls Cheque/P.O. No (Block letters please) 2975 South 300 West Salt Lake City, Utah 84115, USA Name: Telephone: (801) 487 6111 Fax: (801) 466 1003 Address: WESTGERMANY ,z Heinz Fritz, Strand Lighting GmbH Postcode Salzbergstrasse 2 3340 Wolfenbuttel-Salzdahlum Telephone No: West Germany Telephone: (05331) 30080 L Telex: 95641. fax: (05331) 78883
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