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Situational Analysis of Cultural Industries in the Pacific

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Situational Analysis of Cultural Industries in the Pacific Situational Analysis of Cultural Industries in the Pacific © SPC, 2012 – Cover design: Carla Appel – Photo: SPC staff – SPC Publications sectionPublications SPC staff – – Photo: Appel Carla design: © SPC, 2012 – Cover Situational Analysis of Cultural Industries in the Pacific by Helene George, Creative Economy Pty Ltd and Letila Mitchell Secretariat of the Pacific Community Noumea, New Caledonia, 2012 © Copyright Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC), 2012 All rights for commercial / for profit reproduction or translation, in any form, reserved. SPC authorises the partial reproduction or translation of this material for scientific, educational or research purposes, provided that SPC and the source document are properly acknowledged. Permission to reproduce the document and/or translate in whole, in any form, whether for commercial / for profit or nonprofit purposes, must be requested in writing. Original SPC artwork may not be altered or separately published without permission. Original text: English Secretariat of the Pacific Community Cataloguing-in-publication data George, Helene Situational Analysis of Cultural Industries in the Pacific / by Helene George and Letila Mitchell 1. Cultural industries — Oceania 2. Cultural policy — Oceania I. Mitchell, Letila II. Title II. Secretariat of the Pacific Community 306.0995 AACR2 ISBN: 978-982-00-0520-4 2 Table of Contents Abbreviations and Acronyms .................................................................................................................... 5 Executive Summary .................................................................................................................................... 6 Recommendations ....................................................................................................................................... 9 1. Introduction 1.1. Background to project ................................................................................................................. 14 1.2. Project brief................................................................................................................................. 14 1.3. Objective of the study ................................................................................................................. 15 2. Methodology 2.1. Description of cultural industries ................................................................................................ 16 2.2. Literature review ......................................................................................................................... 17 2.3. Country case studies ................................................................................................................... 18 2.4. Value chain analysis ................................................................................................................... 18 3. The State of Cultural Industries in the Pacific 3.1. Cultural industries in the region and of selected PICTs .............................................................. 19 3.2. Strengths and weaknesses of cultural industries in the Pacific ................................................... 25 3.3. Key stakeholders ......................................................................................................................... 28 3.4. Roles in the value chain .............................................................................................................. 37 4. Case Studies and Notable Initiatives 4.1. Country case studies ................................................................................................................... 39 4.1.1. Cook Islands ....................................................................................................................... 39 4.1.2. Fiji ...................................................................................................................................... 43 4.1.3. Guam .................................................................................................................................. 47 4.2. Notable initiatives ....................................................................................................................... 51 4.2.1. Festival of Pacific Arts and Culture ................................................................................... 51 4.2.2. Highland Paradise, Cook Islands ........................................................................................ 53 4.2.3. CAHA master series and enterprise mentoring initiatives.................................................. 54 4.2.4. Hurao and I Lina’la Cultural Center, Guam ....................................................................... 55 4.2.5. Memento ............................................................................................................................ 56 5. Potential of Cultural Industries 5.1. Potential of cultural industries in the Pacific .............................................................................. 58 5.2. Enabling cultural industries – Pacific and universal frameworks ............................................... 60 5.3. Pilot projects ............................................................................................................................... 61 6. Appendices 6.1. Cultural industries country profiles ............................................................................................. 63 6.2. List of people consulted .............................................................................................................. 95 6.3. References ................................................................................................................................. 103 3 Acknowledgements This report — ‘Situational Analysis of Cultural Industries in the Pacific’ — was made possible by the generous contribution of the European Commission, through the Structuring the Cultural Sector in the Pacific for Improved Human Development project. The draft of this report was presented at the Regional Consultation on Cultural Industries held at the Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat in Suva, Fiji, from 6–9 December 2010. Feedback from representatives and industry contacts has been incorporated into this final version. The authors wish to thank everyone who contributed to this process and who shared their knowledge at the Regional Consultation on Cultural Industries. The people consulted during field visits to the Cook Islands, Fiji and Guam provided valuable input and support to this project. We especially thank our hosts in these countries for coordinating consultations and providing warm hospitality. A full list of people consulted is provided in Appendix 8.2. The authors also thank Elise Huffer and the staff of the Human Development Programme of the Secretariat of the Pacific Community for their assistance with this project. Thanks are also given to the Pacific Island Forum Secretariat for hosting the Regional Consultation on Cultural Industries, in particular Trade Development Officer, Glynis Miller, and UNESCO Apia, in particular Susan Vize, Programme Specialist for Social and Human Sciences for feedback on the final report. It is hoped that this project and its recommendations will assist Pacific Island countries and territories with building the capacity of cultural industries, so that these industries can contribute to the sustainable development and ongoing vitality of culture in the Pacific Islands region. 4 Abbreviations and Acronyms ACP Africa, Caribbean and Pacific BTIB Business Trade Investment Board (Cook Islands) CAHA Council of Arts and Humanities EU European Union FAVC Fiji Audio Visual Commission FOPA Festival of Pacific Arts and Culture FPRA Fiji Performing Rights Association OCAC Oceania Centre for Arts, Culture and Pacific Studies PAA Pacific Arts Association PaCaa Pacific Arts Alliance PARBICA Pacific Regional Branch of the International Council of Archives PICT Pacific Island countries and territories PIFS Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat PIMA Pacific Islands Museum Association UN United Nations UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization USP University of the South Pacific SPC Secretariat of the Pacific Community 5 Executive Summary The Human Development Programme of the Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC) has been successful in attracting European Commission funding for a large project entitled ‘Structuring the Cultural Sector in the Pacific for Improved Human Development’. This report — Situational Analysis of Cultural Industries in the Pacific — is part of the project. In conducting this assignment, it was evident that the notion of the Pacific Islands region is not universally defined. Many notions exist as to what constitutes the Pacific, and these are based on differing factors such as geography, culture, political governance, history, ethnography and allegiances. SPC has 26 member states: 22 Pacific Island countries and territories, and four founding member countries (France, the United States of America (USA), Australia and New Zealand). This assignment focused on American Samoa, Cook Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji, French Polynesia, Guam, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Nauru, New Caledonia, Niue, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Pitcairn Islands, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tokelau, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna. This situational analysis is the first
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