Hamara Prayasprayas the Monthly Tabloid of Andhra Pradesh Mahesh Co-Operative Urban Bank Ltd

Postal Regn. No. : HD/1145-2020-2022 Date of Publication : 7th August, 2020 RNI Regn. No. : APENG/2011/38018, Dated 24-06-2011 Date of Posting : 9th August, 2020

Volume - X | Issue : 8 | Price : ` 1/- HAMARAHAMARA PRAYASPRAYAS THE MONTHLY TABLOID OF ANDHRA PRADESH MAHESH CO-OPERATIVE URBAN BANK LTD. Editor : Ranjana Sharma Associate Editor : A. V. Rama Rao

Special Issue

on the occasion rd of 43 Foundation Day

EXTENDING EXCEPTIONAL SERVICE WITH NO EXCEPTION ANDHRA PRADESH MAHESH CO-OP. URBAN BANK LTD. (MULTI - STATE SCHEDULED BANK) Website : www.apmaheshbank.com

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

RAMESH KUMAR BUNG PURSHOTAMDAS MANDHANA RAMPAL ATTAL Chairman Emeritus Chairman Vice-Chairman

DIRECTORS

BRIJGOPAL ASAWA CHAINSUKH KABRA KAMALNARAYAN RATHI KRISHNA CHANDRA BUNG

LAXMINARAYAN RATHI NANDKISHORE HEDA OMPRAKASH JAKHOTIYA Smt. PUSHPA BOOB

RAMPRAKASH BHANDARI SRIGOPAL BUNG SRIKANTH INANI SRINIVAS ASAWA

CA KISHAN GOPAL MANIYAR CS SUMAN HEDA, LLM UMESH CHAND ASAWA PROFESSIONAL DIRECTORS M.D. & CEO CONTENTS 01. Messages Various Dignitaries 04 to 10 02. From the Editor's Nib Ranjana Sharma 11 03. From The Chairman's Desk- The Power of Self Awareness Purshotamdas Mandhana 13 04. Chairman-Emeritus Inks - Do you keep facing Challenges? Ramesh Kumar Bung 15 05. MD & CEO Speaks - The Hand of Clock Umesh Chand Asawa 17 06. Indian Banks to face Asset Quality Editorial Team 19 07. The Andromeda Galaxy A.V. Rama Rao 19 08. Build Your Own Brand Rampal Attal 21 09. GST Day 2020 Editorial Team 21 10. Ways to Evaluate your Life Ranjana Sharma 23 11. Global Warming CS Suman Heda 25 12. An Idea Never Fails Ajeet Kumar Varma 27 13. State Run Banks to Reduce Editorial Team 27 14. Healthy Mind and a Healthy Body Raghuram Shetty 29 15. Physical Distance over 6 Feet Editorial Team 31 16. What Drives the Price of Gold? V. Jyothi 33 17. Do You Know? P. Venugopal Reddy 35 18. Smart Automation Kilambi Badrinath 36 19. Debt Restructuring Editorial Team 37 20. Five Most Memorable Test Wins G. Amarnath 38 21. Upside for Indian Rupee Editorial Team 40 22. Fun Corner Saritha Joshi 41 23. TDS on Cash Withdrawal Editorial Team 42 24. Address of RBI Governor Editorial Team 44 25. Plastic, the Pollutant Y. Uma Prasanna 48 26. Be the Change you want to Praveen Kumar Agarwal 49 27. Salam Hyderabad Purshotamdas Mandhana 49 28. Customer Relationship Management Mahesh Bung 50 29. India Records Trade Surplus Editorial Team 53 30. Story of Dhanushkoti Amith Kumar Bajpai 54 31. World Youth Skills Day Editorial Team 54 32. Banking Awareness Editorial Team 55 33. Silver Prices Zoomed Editorial Team 55 34. Augmented Reality Gudipati Santhosh 56 35. The Guru Ramesh Kumar Bung 58 36. Nations that Produce Maximum Gold Musheera Begum 58 37. Appropriate Adjectives G. Nanda Kumar 60 38. IT Industry to see more lay offs Editorial Team 61 39. Shakuntala Devi Amaram Vani 62 40. 10 Longest Bridges in the World Pradeep Kumar Deshpande 64 41. The Science behind every Ritual Preethi Awasthi 66 42. Finding Peace in a Pandemic LVS Prasad 68 43. Ready Reckoner of Indian States G. Padmini 69 44. Panchatantra T. Gangadhar Rao 70 45. The Judiciary System in India Y. Sanjeeva Reddy 71 46. Immigrant Visas Sai Deepthi P 72 47. NPAs may become unmanageable Editorial Team 74 48. 10 Early Symptoms of Diabetes Kothanda Raman 75 49. Padmavyuha Gopal KD Sharma 77 50. 2050 Timeline T. Girish 78 51. Cyber Security Lapses Editorial Team 79 52. New National Education Policy Editorial Team 80 53. Rover on Mars Editorial Team 82

HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 03 To, Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung Chairman Emeritus Mahesh Bank Hyderabad

04 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 05 To, Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung Chairman Emeritus Mahesh Bank Hyderabad

04 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 05 GOVERNMENT OF TELANGANA M. Veerabrahmaiah, I.A.S Commissioner for Cooperation & Registrar of Cooperative Societies Gruhakalpa, III Floor , M.J. Road, Hyderabad - 500001. Phone : Of Email Id: [email protected]ﬁce : 040-24732166

06 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 07 GOVERNMENT OF TELANGANA M. Veerabrahmaiah, I.A.S Commissioner for Cooperation & Registrar of Cooperative Societies Gruhakalpa, III Floor , M.J. Road, Hyderabad - 500001. Phone : Of Email Id: [email protected]ﬁce : 040-24732166

06 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 07 MESSAGE its 43rd Bank is celebrating Mahesh Cooperative – Hamara know that the AP Monthly magazine pleasure to special issue of its It gives me immense and is bringing out on 9th August 2020 Foundation day and it is Bank of South India, Prayas on the occasion. Multistate towards of the largest Scheduled innovations Bank is one latest technological bank AP Mahesh Cooperative year. It is also adopting of new generation progress year on on banking needs making tremendous especially focussing in the bank services increasing efficiency Chairman Sh. customers. This has been possible as the Bank has always been having visionaryManaging leadership, Director, which at Ramesh Bung, Chairman-Emeritus,by very Sh. knowledgeable Purshotam Das Mandhana, present is guided by Sh. of Managers led by dedicated team and is managed and officials, team of directors Umesh Asawa. and his entire heights. I congratulate Sh. Bung reaching present NAFCUB Board, I of the Bank in On behalf of entire the development institution. contribution towards of a “Proudly Cooperative” for their outstanding is an excellent example success of Bank in true sense, India in ensuring also feel that your bearer in South will in being the torch Organisation, which AP Mahesh Bank of the Umbrella of I look forward to sector in formation the banking scenario effort for the to reckon with in game changing sector to be a force NAFCUB's of all UCBs for the the strengths to aggregate to go from strength Country. that it will continue the and I am confident Bank all the best I wish the AP Mahesh to come. leadership, in years strength under your

To, Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung To, (JYOTINDRA MEHTA) Chairman Emeritus Sh. Ramesh Kumar Bung PRESIDENT Mahesh Bank Chairman Emeritus Hyderabad A.P. Mahesh Cooperative Urban Bank Ltd. Hyderabad, Telangan Email : [email protected]

08 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 09 MESSAGE its 43rd Bank is celebrating Mahesh Cooperative – Hamara know that the AP Monthly magazine pleasure to special issue of its It gives me immense and is bringing out on 9th August 2020 Foundation day and it is Bank of South India, Prayas on the occasion. Multistate towards of the largest Scheduled innovations Bank is one latest technological bank AP Mahesh Cooperative year. It is also adopting of new generation progress year on on banking needs making tremendous especially focussing in the bank services increasing efficiency Chairman Sh. customers. This has been possible as the Bank has always been having visionaryManaging leadership, Director, which at Ramesh Bung, Chairman-Emeritus,by very Sh. knowledgeable Purshotam Das Mandhana, present is guided by Sh. of Managers led by dedicated team and is managed and officials, team of directors Umesh Asawa. and his entire heights. I congratulate Sh. Bung reaching present NAFCUB Board, I of the Bank in On behalf of entire the development institution. contribution towards of a “Proudly Cooperative” for their outstanding is an excellent example success of Bank in true sense, India in ensuring also feel that your bearer in South will in being the torch Organisation, which AP Mahesh Bank of the Umbrella of I look forward to sector in formation the banking scenario effort for the to reckon with in game changing sector to be a force NAFCUB's of all UCBs for the the strengths to aggregate to go from strength Country. that it will continue the and I am confident Bank all the best I wish the AP Mahesh to come. leadership, in years strength under your

08 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 09 Dear Readers, The 43rd year of Bank's establishment has dawned. It holds the promising possibilities and opportunities. It has the power to FROM take us forward and to broaden our horizons. 'I know it. I have heard it. I have read about' – Everybody seems to know about everything. We are moving encyclopaedias and EDITOR'S storehouses of knowledge. Our knowledge base is very strong. But the BIG question is – 'How much do we live by what we know? How much do we follow what we know? How much do we implement what we know?' Life is not lived out of knowledge, but it is lived out of wisdom. NIB Knowledge acted upon alone turns into wisdom. The knowledge is there that health is important – what are we doing about it? The knowledge is there that a red light at the traffic signal means stop – how many of us stop, when the traffic constable is not around? You know the ideas found in Hamara Prayas – how many of these ideas have been implemented? Is there a difference between an SSI (Solid State Drive) on scriptures, a donkey carrying books of knowledge on its back (¶Wm IaíMÝXZ ^madmhr ^mañ¶ doÎmm Z Vw M§XZñ¶) and a man's head full of knowledge? Let us raise ourselves and in turn raise the world around us. I am delighted to inform you that this Special Issue of our Bank's communiqué Hamara Prayas being released on the occasion of commemoration of the Bank's 43rd Foundation Day is reaching you. Information in this Tabloid is packed in several sections. It has very interesting and useful articles on various subjects. In addition to regular features, the communiqué features subjects like health, wealth, language, Customer Relationship Ranjana Sharma Management, General Knowledge, Banking, financial Markets, Astronomy, Information and Technology, Automation, Future Vision, History, HR matters, Environment, the present Carona Pandemic and its repercussions, Mythology, Cooperatives, RBI related matters, Finance and Trade and other statistical details of the country. ASSOCIATE EDITOR Every endeavour has been made to update the information and covers the latest subjects as well. I hope innumerable dreams will bloom and come to fruition. To that end may you find Hamara Prayas Special Issue very useful to go through. We, the editorial team, appreciate your support. In your support we find our strength. Never say 'No' to abundance in any form, especially, in economic terms. Money can do little for you but Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung money can do a lot through you. Money in the hands of a good Chairman Emeritus Mahesh Bank human being will create a new world. So, every good human Hyderabad being has the moral responsibility to become rich. May your hard work pay you rich dividends in this pandemic situation. Let us go the other way and build a world of abundance. We wish you a great success in all your efforts. Yours truly, Ranjana Sharma A.V. Rama Rao Editor 10 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 11 Dear Readers, The 43rd year of Bank's establishment has dawned. It holds the promising possibilities and opportunities. It has the power to FROM take us forward and to broaden our horizons. 'I know it. I have heard it. I have read about' – Everybody seems to know about everything. We are moving encyclopaedias and EDITOR'S storehouses of knowledge. Our knowledge base is very strong. But the BIG question is – 'How much do we live by what we know? How much do we follow what we know? How much do we implement what we know?' Life is not lived out of knowledge, but it is lived out of wisdom. NIB Knowledge acted upon alone turns into wisdom. The knowledge is there that health is important – what are we doing about it? The knowledge is there that a red light at the traffic signal means stop – how many of us stop, when the traffic constable is not around? You know the ideas found in Hamara Prayas – how many of these ideas have been implemented? Is there a difference between an SSI (Solid State Drive) on scriptures, a donkey carrying books of knowledge on its back (¶Wm IaíMÝXZ ^madmhr ^mañ¶ doÎmm Z Vw M§XZñ¶) and a man's head full of knowledge? Let us raise ourselves and in turn raise the world around us. I am delighted to inform you that this Special Issue of our Bank's communiqué Hamara Prayas being released on the occasion of commemoration of the Bank's 43rd Foundation Day is reaching you. Information in this Tabloid is packed in several sections. It has very interesting and useful articles on various subjects. In addition to regular features, the communiqué features subjects like health, wealth, language, Customer Relationship Ranjana Sharma Management, General Knowledge, Banking, financial Markets, Astronomy, Information and Technology, Automation, Future Vision, History, HR matters, Environment, the present Carona Pandemic and its repercussions, Mythology, Cooperatives, RBI related matters, Finance and Trade and other statistical details of the country. ASSOCIATE EDITOR Every endeavour has been made to update the information and covers the latest subjects as well. I hope innumerable dreams will bloom and come to fruition. To that end may you find Hamara Prayas Special Issue very useful to go through. We, the editorial team, appreciate your support. In your support we find our strength. Never say 'No' to abundance in any form, especially, in economic terms. Money can do little for you but Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung money can do a lot through you. Money in the hands of a good Chairman Emeritus Mahesh Bank human being will create a new world. So, every good human Hyderabad being has the moral responsibility to become rich. May your hard work pay you rich dividends in this pandemic situation. Let us go the other way and build a world of abundance. We wish you a great success in all your efforts. Yours truly, Ranjana Sharma A.V. Rama Rao Editor 10 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 11 THE POWER OF SELF-AWARENESS One of the greatest privileges of being born as a human being is that you can be conscious of your own self- awareness. You know you're a human being. In fact, it's a very simple thing. It sounds too obvious even to digest. What is great that I know that I am a human being? But, actually, it's great. Because an elephant doesn't know it's an elephant. You're only calling it as Asian elephant and African elephant. It does not even know it's an elephant, leave alone Africa IMPORTANT and Asia. Socrates was asked, “You believe contentment is one of your greatest virtues. So if you have a EVENTS rebirth, you would like to be born again as a contented pig or as an un-contented man?” And Socrates said, “I would prefer to be born as an un-contented man.”. “No, but you always said contentment is a virtue.” Socrates said, “Yes, but as an un-contented man, I will at least have the awareness I am an un-contented man! As a contented pig, I won't even know I am a contented pig because I don't have awareness.”. One of the greatest gifts of living your life as a human being is, you can lift yourself through the power of your own awareness. Beyond a stage, nobody has to encourage us. Nobody has to motivate us. Nobody needs to appreciate us. Nobody needs to criticize us. Nobody has to give us a feedback. If we're honest with ourselves, we can lift ourselves by ourselves, through our own awareness. You can be aware of being loved. It's a security for all the other biological creations that you are willing to pet them, you are willing to care for them and when the dog is wagging its tail, it's a 43rd ANNUAL GENERAL BODY MEETING security. It cannot perceive love. But as a man, you have this great gift of faculty where you can be aware of your own bliss. You can celebrate. Not only you can laugh, you can enjoy the laughter of other people, wondering! It is onne of the most beautiful manifestation of awareness. Wondering. Aha! When you can say it to a moment of life, that's because of your awareness! You can understand where you are beautiful and you can understand where that ugliness, where that blemish, where that spot needs a correction. I can know whom I am surrounded with. I can understand my motives. I can understand others' actions. Though we normally tend to think that we understand others' motives and our own actions, it's actually the other way round. And all this because, of all the creations of God, man alone has been FROMFROM THETHE bestowed upon with this awareness. You can be a witness unto yourself. When Thiruvalluvar says, “Whoever it is, hold your tongue.”, even if you don't control anything about your life, even if you don't discipline anything CHAIRMAN'SCHAIRMAN'S about your life, at least discipline your tongue! And man alone can do that because he has this gift of awareness by which he can watch what he speaks. You can edit as you speak, not from a manipulative intent, but just DESKDESK demonstrating the power of awareness. In fact, the more and more you understand the gift of this faculty called awareness, you know why you're crying, you know your tears, you know why you're laughing. You know why other are laughing. You can make others laugh! And there is this great joy where you don't have to succeed, you don't have to perform, you don't have to achieve, you don't have to accomplish. You can simply be happy. You can simply be blissful just through the power of your awareness. Just watch a dancing flower. Just feel the fragrance of a rose garden, just gaze at those night skies, just endlessly sit and enjoying the dance of those waves coming and going. Without envy and jealousy, just admiring another beautiful human being in life, without bringing yourself between you and the experience, not thinking, can I be as beautiful as this person, or can I sing like this person? Can I dance like this person? Instead of bringing you between you and your experience, just with the power of your awareness, being a mere witness, just admiring the way somebody sings, admiring the way somebody dances. Just admiring the way somebody is, in the way they deal with situations in life. Admire the inner beauty, selflessness of a fellow human being. You can just watch the wonder of life. Sri Purshotamdas Mandhana, Chairman addressing shareholders during the Bank's 43rd Annual General And ensure there is always this flowering of happiness within you. You can make yourself beautiful Body Meeting held at New Head Office Building of the Bank. Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, Chairman-Emeritus, and derive delight out of it. You can know that you are surrounded by beautiful people and derive delight out of it. If transformation is one joy, just being aware of the transformation of other people, is Sri Rampal Attal, Vice Chairman, Directors on the Board, Sri Umesh Chand Asawa, MD & CEO and yet another joy! If sitting in the seat of your silence is one joy, watching somebody else in silence itself members are present in the meeting. is another joy! And all this has been bestowed unto us by the power of our awareness. And all this is possible because man has been bestowed with this one master key. Consciousness is the ability to be aware. With 43rd Foundation Day Wishes, Purshotamdas Mandhana

12 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 Fear is born out of ignorance – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 13 THE POWER OF SELF-AWARENESS One of the greatest privileges of being born as a human being is that you can be conscious of your own self- awareness. You know you're a human being. In fact, it's a very simple thing. It sounds too obvious even to digest. What is great that I know that I am a human being? But, actually, it's great. Because an elephant doesn't know it's an elephant. You're only calling it as Asian elephant and African elephant. It does not even know it's an elephant, leave alone Africa IMPORTANT and Asia. Socrates was asked, “You believe contentment is one of your greatest virtues. So if you have a EVENTS rebirth, you would like to be born again as a contented pig or as an un-contented man?” And Socrates said, “I would prefer to be born as an un-contented man.”. “No, but you always said contentment is a virtue.” Socrates said, “Yes, but as an un-contented man, I will at least have the awareness I am an un-contented man! As a contented pig, I won't even know I am a contented pig because I don't have awareness.”. One of the greatest gifts of living your life as a human being is, you can lift yourself through the power of your own awareness. Beyond a stage, nobody has to encourage us. Nobody has to motivate us. Nobody needs to appreciate us. Nobody needs to criticize us. Nobody has to give us a feedback. If we're honest with ourselves, we can lift ourselves by ourselves, through our own awareness. You can be aware of being loved. It's a security for all the other biological creations that you are willing to pet them, you are willing to care for them and when the dog is wagging its tail, it's a 43rd ANNUAL GENERAL BODY MEETING security. It cannot perceive love. But as a man, you have this great gift of faculty where you can be aware of your own bliss. You can celebrate. Not only you can laugh, you can enjoy the laughter of other people, wondering! It is onne of the most beautiful manifestation of awareness. Wondering. Aha! When you can say it to a moment of life, that's because of your awareness! You can understand where you are beautiful and you can understand where that ugliness, where that blemish, where that spot needs a correction. I can know whom I am surrounded with. I can understand my motives. I can understand others' actions. Though we normally tend to think that we understand others' motives and our own actions, it's actually the other way round. And all this because, of all the creations of God, man alone has been FROMFROM THETHE bestowed upon with this awareness. You can be a witness unto yourself. When Thiruvalluvar says, “Whoever it is, hold your tongue.”, even if you don't control anything about your life, even if you don't discipline anything CHAIRMAN'SCHAIRMAN'S about your life, at least discipline your tongue! And man alone can do that because he has this gift of awareness by which he can watch what he speaks. You can edit as you speak, not from a manipulative intent, but just DESKDESK demonstrating the power of awareness. In fact, the more and more you understand the gift of this faculty called awareness, you know why you're crying, you know your tears, you know why you're laughing. You know why other are laughing. You can make others laugh! And there is this great joy where you don't have to succeed, you don't have to perform, you don't have to achieve, you don't have to accomplish. You can simply be happy. You can simply be blissful just through the power of your awareness. Just watch a dancing flower. Just feel the fragrance of a rose garden, just gaze at those night skies, just endlessly sit and enjoying the dance of those waves coming and going. Without envy and jealousy, just admiring another beautiful human being in life, without bringing yourself between you and the experience, not thinking, can I be as beautiful as this person, or can I sing like this person? Can I dance like this person? Instead of bringing you between you and your experience, just with the power of your awareness, being a mere witness, just admiring the way somebody sings, admiring the way somebody dances. Just admiring the way somebody is, in the way they deal with situations in life. Admire the inner beauty, selflessness of a fellow human being. You can just watch the wonder of life. Sri Purshotamdas Mandhana, Chairman addressing shareholders during the Bank's 43rd Annual General And ensure there is always this flowering of happiness within you. You can make yourself beautiful Body Meeting held at New Head Office Building of the Bank. Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, Chairman-Emeritus, and derive delight out of it. You can know that you are surrounded by beautiful people and derive delight out of it. If transformation is one joy, just being aware of the transformation of other people, is Sri Rampal Attal, Vice Chairman, Directors on the Board, Sri Umesh Chand Asawa, MD & CEO and yet another joy! If sitting in the seat of your silence is one joy, watching somebody else in silence itself members are present in the meeting. is another joy! And all this has been bestowed unto us by the power of our awareness. And all this is possible because man has been bestowed with this one master key. Consciousness is the ability to be aware. With 43rd Foundation Day Wishes, Purshotamdas Mandhana

12 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 Fear is born out of ignorance – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 13 DO YOU KEEP FACING CHALLENGES? MOMENTOUS EVENTS - FOUNDATION DAY All of us keep speaking about miracles, and we all have to recognize, the first miracle that happened in your life is you. You are a miracle. Of the billions of life forms, that existence chose to give you a human form itself is a miracle. And it gave you a human form. You alone sound like you. Anybody else sounds like you, it's called mimicry. You alone sound like you. What it is in a world of 7.3 billion people, you can hear a voice, and you know who the person is, because everybody sounds like them. They say the lines in your palms are unique. Everything about you is unique. Nobody can perceive right now, the subject that is being discussed that is being taken. You have to see yourself as the first miracle in your life. There is an outer world, which all of us share. There's an inner world where you are alone. If ever there is a setback in life, there could be many reasons for this, but if there are multiple setbacks in life, what's the cause? There is a cause. There is a common cause. In a different context, I tell this to people. If one person is hurt because of you, the problem is either with you or with the other person. If everybody gets hurt after they relate with you, everybody cannot be wrong. Then there is a problem with me! One person has cheated you in life, there's a problem with you or the other. If ten people have cheated you in life, the problem is not with ten people. You are cheatable. Something is not okay with you. If one person abuses you in life, it's different. If many people have abused in life, something is not okay with you! We will have to correct my side of the story. What is my side of the story that needs correction? Same is the case with life, an occasional setback, everybody will go through. If ten times, I have to begin to stop; life can't be so unfair towards you. Then I have to ask myself this question, what's the cause? What is the pattern here? Some of us are not meant for. We are meant to run alone. Tiger Woods and Roger Federer and Hamilton have to recognize, they came into this planet to play an individual sport. And they are going to be champion, only playing an individual sport. They try to play a team sport, they're going to lose. Sachin Tendulkar is meant for team sport. Ask him to do anything as a team sport, he comes out as a shining star. He's meant for team sport. There are a lot of people who are meant for team sport, so we need to surround CHAIRMANCHAIRMAN ourselves with people. Well, that's the only way. But some of you are not meant for team sport. You are meant for being a one-man-army. EMERITUSEMERITUS And if you look into your life, whenever you trying to be a one-man-army, even working inside an organization, that is when you had the best of the success. Ever since you got into this “Let's go together”, if you go together, we will win together, INKSINKS and we have lost together again and again. And this is not just to you. This is for all of you. If there is any setback or anything that backfires, or there is a particular type of relationship issue, every time you get close to people, this one thing happens, in every close relationship for you. This is a template I want all of you to take from here. If something does not work between me and somebody else, the problem could either be with me or with the other. I don't know. Let me give you the benefit of doubt. It can be the other person. But if anything has a pattern, then everything outside cannot be wrong. Then something about me needs a correction. And what needs a correction, you have to find that out. And whatever about you has to change, has to be changed, has to be corrected, rather than continuing to blame circumstances for it, or event for it, or situation for it or people for it or the entire world for it, I think you'll have to correct whatever is that pattern, that is there inside you. Like how a doctor will go through a systematic diagnosis, to find out what is the root cause, because of which you are going through all this, psychologically, each one of you have to do a self-diagnosis to find out, “Why is this happening in my life?”, and “Where should I correct my side of the story?”. And in correcting your side of the story, and the strength with which we can do all these things is each one of us recognizing, you are a miracle in life. In fact, you are the first miracle in life. You have a name, you have a form. You have a role in life, but that doesn't change the spiritual significance of you. It can't be without a reason. Existence created you as the only one of your kind. Right now, this moment, Inauguration of Bank's 42nd Foundation Day by lighting the lamp, release of Special Issue of Hamara Prayas Tabloid and the way you are perceiving life, you alone are perceiving life. Nobody else can take that place. And live addressing the huge gathering of employees being done by Sri Shyam Jaju, National Vice-President, BJP and Sri Sunil a life worthy of being this uniqueness in your life. Jain, IRS, Additional Director General, Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs, Directorate General of Audit, Ministry of Finance, Department of Revenue, GOI. Directors on the Board, former Directors, Sri Umesh Chand Asawa, MD I wish you happy Ganesh Chaturthi and Janmashtami. & CEO present on the occasion. Distribution of prizes to the winners and runners of sports and cultural events by Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung Purshotamdas Mandhana, Chairman, Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, Chairman-Emeritus, Sri Rampal Attal, Vice Chairman. Sri Shyam Jaju awarding performing Managers. Sri Sunil Jain handing over Merit Scholarships to meritorious students. Opening dance by women employees and employees from all the branches can be seen in the photograph.

14 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 Find joy in simplicity – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 15 DO YOU KEEP FACING CHALLENGES? MOMENTOUS EVENTS - FOUNDATION DAY All of us keep speaking about miracles, and we all have to recognize, the first miracle that happened in your life is you. You are a miracle. Of the billions of life forms, that existence chose to give you a human form itself is a miracle. And it gave you a human form. You alone sound like you. Anybody else sounds like you, it's called mimicry. You alone sound like you. What it is in a world of 7.3 billion people, you can hear a voice, and you know who the person is, because everybody sounds like them. They say the lines in your palms are unique. Everything about you is unique. Nobody can perceive right now, the subject that is being discussed that is being taken. You have to see yourself as the first miracle in your life. There is an outer world, which all of us share. There's an inner world where you are alone. If ever there is a setback in life, there could be many reasons for this, but if there are multiple setbacks in life, what's the cause? There is a cause. There is a common cause. In a different context, I tell this to people. If one person is hurt because of you, the problem is either with you or with the other person. If everybody gets hurt after they relate with you, everybody cannot be wrong. Then there is a problem with me! One person has cheated you in life, there's a problem with you or the other. If ten people have cheated you in life, the problem is not with ten people. You are cheatable. Something is not okay with you. If one person abuses you in life, it's different. If many people have abused in life, something is not okay with you! We will have to correct my side of the story. What is my side of the story that needs correction? Same is the case with life, an occasional setback, everybody will go through. If ten times, I have to begin to stop; life can't be so unfair towards you. Then I have to ask myself this question, what's the cause? What is the pattern here? Some of us are not meant for. We are meant to run alone. Tiger Woods and Roger Federer and Hamilton have to recognize, they came into this planet to play an individual sport. And they are going to be champion, only playing an individual sport. They try to play a team sport, they're going to lose. Sachin Tendulkar is meant for team sport. Ask him to do anything as a team sport, he comes out as a shining star. He's meant for team sport. There are a lot of people who are meant for team sport, so we need to surround CHAIRMANCHAIRMAN ourselves with people. Well, that's the only way. But some of you are not meant for team sport. You are meant for being a one-man-army. EMERITUSEMERITUS And if you look into your life, whenever you trying to be a one-man-army, even working inside an organization, that is when you had the best of the success. Ever since you got into this “Let's go together”, if you go together, we will win together, INKSINKS and we have lost together again and again. And this is not just to you. This is for all of you. If there is any setback or anything that backfires, or there is a particular type of relationship issue, every time you get close to people, this one thing happens, in every close relationship for you. This is a template I want all of you to take from here. If something does not work between me and somebody else, the problem could either be with me or with the other. I don't know. Let me give you the benefit of doubt. It can be the other person. But if anything has a pattern, then everything outside cannot be wrong. Then something about me needs a correction. And what needs a correction, you have to find that out. And whatever about you has to change, has to be changed, has to be corrected, rather than continuing to blame circumstances for it, or event for it, or situation for it or people for it or the entire world for it, I think you'll have to correct whatever is that pattern, that is there inside you. Like how a doctor will go through a systematic diagnosis, to find out what is the root cause, because of which you are going through all this, psychologically, each one of you have to do a self-diagnosis to find out, “Why is this happening in my life?”, and “Where should I correct my side of the story?”. And in correcting your side of the story, and the strength with which we can do all these things is each one of us recognizing, you are a miracle in life. In fact, you are the first miracle in life. You have a name, you have a form. You have a role in life, but that doesn't change the spiritual significance of you. It can't be without a reason. Existence created you as the only one of your kind. Right now, this moment, Inauguration of Bank's 42nd Foundation Day by lighting the lamp, release of Special Issue of Hamara Prayas Tabloid and the way you are perceiving life, you alone are perceiving life. Nobody else can take that place. And live addressing the huge gathering of employees being done by Sri Shyam Jaju, National Vice-President, BJP and Sri Sunil a life worthy of being this uniqueness in your life. Jain, IRS, Additional Director General, Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs, Directorate General of Audit, Ministry of Finance, Department of Revenue, GOI. Directors on the Board, former Directors, Sri Umesh Chand Asawa, MD I wish you happy Ganesh Chaturthi and Janmashtami. & CEO present on the occasion. Distribution of prizes to the winners and runners of sports and cultural events by Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung Purshotamdas Mandhana, Chairman, Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, Chairman-Emeritus, Sri Rampal Attal, Vice Chairman. Sri Shyam Jaju awarding performing Managers. Sri Sunil Jain handing over Merit Scholarships to meritorious students. Opening dance by women employees and employees from all the branches can be seen in the photograph.

14 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 Find joy in simplicity – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 15 THE HAND OF CLOCK SIGNIFICANT EVENTS My Dear Colleagues,

The commencement of a new financial year is April. And probably it was the quietest beginning to a new financial year in any organisation. It is neither business nor life as usual. The extent of present COVID-19 problem, we don't know how long it is. And we don't even know whether we have a solution yet. Everything is changed. Social isolation is considered a contribution. We don't know from where; the tomorrow is going to come. And under these circumstances, especially to the entrepreneurship community, where we hold the cross of financially taking this world forward in spite of everything that exist. I still feel like wishing you an abundant year ahead. First and foremost, of all if the power of your mind and your emotional fortitude, that is going to carry you forward and in turn help you to carry the rest of them forward. In spite of all the negativity that surrounds, it is life and death situation for some. Especially in some of the most advanced countries in the world, it is financial survival for many. It is absolutely no clue from where tomorrow will come for a lot of people. This phase when it gets over, it is going to introduce to the world, a new breed of leaders I want you to be one of those leaders with acceptance we have to go through this transition. But after the transition is over, when the psyche of lot of people is going to be affected. A few of us with the strength of purpose, the powerful mind and steady emotions, have to herald further. Lot of organisations, plan their expenditure for twelve months and income for nine months, thinking that even if there are going to be a few dull months. Assuming three of these twelve months are not going to be the peak performance, how do we still generate enough income in nine months' time, and now it is Dr. Chandrapal Singh Yadav, MP, (Rajya Sabha) and President, National Cooperative Union of India on his visit to New applicable to all of us. We need to think and see assuming things slowly begin back to Head Office Building is being felicitated by Sri Purshotamdas Mandhana, Chairman, Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, roll in motion from June. And start doing much better from October. Chairman-Emeritus, Sri Rampal Attal, Vice Chairman, Directors on the Board and Sri Umesh Chand Asawa, MD & CEO. Maybe it will take a year or a year and half to peak again. And as when it happens, what can be our strategic thinking? How do we do opportunity management? How do we bring in optimum effective utilisation of resources? The metaphor is, like how when MD & CEO youngsters aspire to become an IAS or a charted accountant and sometimes the entire year's preparation has a setback when they don't clear the exam. They have to simply tell themselves; the hand of clock is reset itself by a year or six months. And resiliently SPEAKS they have to focus on putting in the effort again and eventually when they triumph, this lost time will be forgotten into the success they experience in the future. An athlete goes through four years of preparation and maybe does not win the medal in the Olympics or does not win the world cup. The hand of clock is just been reset by four years and like that the hand of clock for lot of us may be has been reset by a quarter, or six months or maybe an entire financial year. The years ahead like we have bounced back from the challenges of World War II, or Indian independence, or Tsunami, or financial crisis that we have faced in the past, we have bounced back from this. But in this entire thing if the personality in you is broken, if the leader in you is shaken, if you start thinking like everybody else, you also get lost like everybody else. If there was ever a time to beat the world with the quality of your thinking, with the steadfastness of your emotions, and the strength of your purpose, this is the time. If there was ever a time to stay ahead of the crowd, this is the time. In whatever way you can play your part, you need to play your part. Together, stand strong, stay strong will, be futuristic, and when this whole thing settles down, we will take our steps again. We will walk again; we will run again, we will sprint again. And on that side, we will have inspirational stories to tell how we have bounced back. Utilise this entire time, to renew your business models, to relook at your strategies, and be ready for a new world that will be born. And be that new leader ready for a new world. Together, let us sail through this phase. Bank has celebrated the Nation's 73rd Independence Day on 15th August, 2019 at its Head Office with great fervour. Sri On the occasion of the Bank's 43rd Foundation Day, I wish all the best to all our customers, shareholders, well wishers and all our employees. Purshotamdas Mandhana, Chairman, Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, Chairman-Emeritus, Sri Rampal Attal, Vice Chairman, other Directors on the Board and Sri Umesh Chand Asawa, MD & CEO have hoisted the National Flag on the occasion followed by National Anthem. Managers of twin city branches, executives, staff have participated in the patriotic event. Cordially yours, Umesh Chand Asawa

16 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 If you are hungry, eat your anger and egotism – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 17 THE HAND OF CLOCK SIGNIFICANT EVENTS My Dear Colleagues,

16 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 If you are hungry, eat your anger and egotism – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 17 MEMORABLE EVENTS INDIAN BANKS TO FACE ASSET QUALITY, EARNING PRESSURE FOR AT LEAST 2 YEARS: REPORT

Indian banks may continue to face heightened asset quality absorption buffers, and appear to be shouldering a and earning pressure for at least two years, as disruption to disproportionate share of the burden in bailing out affected business activity and supply chains and shrinking personal sectors, it added. incomes damage banks' balance sheets, according to a Indian banks are likely to require at least USD 15 billion in report by Fitch Ratings. The reported performance of Indian fresh capital to meet a 10 % weighted-average common banks for the financial year ended March 2020 does not equity tier-1 ratio under a moderate stress scenario, Fitch adequately reflect the incipient stress caused by the said. The amount would rise to about USD 58 billion in a pandemic, the rating agency said in the report titled 'Indian high-stress situation where the domestic economy fails to banks vulnerable to pandemic related stress'. recover from the coronavirus pandemic-related disruption. 'Bank balance sheets are yet to feel the impact of India's strict PSBs will require the bulk of the recapitalisation, as the risk of lockdown measures that were implemented by the capital erosion at the state-owned banks is significantly government from March 25. Moreover, a meaningful short- higher than their privately-owned peers term recovery looks unlikely, as the acceleration of new 'We expect the majority of the injection to come through in COVID-19 cases threatens the gradual reopening of the FY22, as bad loan recognition has been pushed back by a economy,' it said. The impaired loan ratios of Indian banks Sri Govind Gowda, Hon'ble Minister for Cooperation, Goa awarding Best Chairman to Sri Purshotamdas Mandhana, 180-day regulatory moratorium. However, a clearer picture fell during 2019-20 in line with our expectations to 8.5 % in Chairman of the Bank. Sri V.S. Das, former Executive Director, RBI, Sri Jyothindra Mehta, President, NAFCUB, New Delhi should start to emerge from December 2020, unless the 2019-20 from 9.3 % in 2018-19, driven by fewer fresh central bank agrees to a one-time loan restructuring, which and Sri Manoj Agarwal, Group Editor, Banking Frontiers present on the occasion. impaired loans and continued write-offs. Several state- would affect the timely recognition and resolution of bad owned banks also returned to profitability due to easing loans,' Fitch said. A well-functioning banking sector is credit costs, but the banking sector's return on assets was low. supportive of achieving sustained economic growth of 6-7 'Fitch expects heightened asset quality and earning pressure %, but without timely and adequate recapitalisation, banks for at least the next two years, as disruption to business will continue to display heightened risk aversion, adding to activity and supply chains, as well as shrinking personal India's economic uncertainty, it added. Fitch expect the incomes, damage banks' balance sheets,” it said. Public economy to contract by 5 % in the current financial year, sector banks (PSBs) were more vulnerable than private followed by a recovery in 2021-22, but with considerable sector banks coming into the crisis, with weaker loss- downside risk to its forecast.

THE ANDROMEDA GALAXY

Assembled from a total of 7,398 exposures taken over 411 individual pointing of the telescope, this image of our nearest major galactic neighbour, M31, is the largest Hubble mosaic to date. The 1.5 billion pixels in the mosaic reveal over 100 million stars and thousands of star clusters embedded in a section of the pancake-shaped disk of M31, also known as the Andromeda galaxy. Though the galaxy is over 2 million light-years away, Hubble is powerful enough to resolve individual stars in this 61,000-light-year- long stretch of the disk. It's like photographing a beach and resolving individual grains of sand. Hubble traces densely packed stars extending from the innermost hub of the galaxy, seen at left. Moving out from this central galactic bulge, the panorama sweeps across observed in November. Boasting an apparent magnitude lanes of stars and dust to the sparser outer disk. Cooler, of 3.1, the galaxy can be seen with the naked eye, even in yellowish stars dominate the centre of the galaxy, toward areas with moderate light pollution. Because it is such an the lower left. The blue, ring-like feature that wraps from easily observed feature in the night sky, it is impossible to say who discovered the Andromeda galaxy. However, Sri Purshotamdas Mandhana, Chairman, Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, Chairman-Emeritus, Sri Rampal Attal, Vice the upper left to the lower right is a spiral arm with Persian astronomer Abdul-Rehman al-Sufi's The Book of Chairman, Sri Chainsukh Kabra, CA Kishan Gopal Maniyar, Directors and employees of the Bank performing Ganesh numerous clusters of young, blue stars and star-forming regions. The dark silhouettes trace out complex dust Fixed Stars from the year 1964 contains the first known Pooja by adoring Lord Ganesh installed at Head Office. Women employees playing Dandiya on the occasion can also structures. report of the object. be seen. M31 is located in the constellation Andromeda and is best A. V. Rama Rao

18 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 If you become angry, be angry with your anger itself – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 19 MEMORABLE EVENTS INDIAN BANKS TO FACE ASSET QUALITY, EARNING PRESSURE FOR AT LEAST 2 YEARS: REPORT

THE ANDROMEDA GALAXY

18 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 If you become angry, be angry with your anger itself – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 19 HAPPY MOMENTS BUILD YOUR OWN BRAND

Brand building is an art. It's an art. It's a subject by itself. the showroom that time, which is now VST motors in that The guy who owns the technical ownership of a product corner at Woods road. The sales manager was showing should be involved in brand building. Because, brand the car around and he was seeing a sale manager was not building is about the perception of the benefits. It is the talking about it has that this horsepower engine. It has emotional attachment that people have. It has nothing fuel ignitions, nothing. He just showed the entire car about the technical features or capabilities that you have. around, open the door and told that politician just sit Anybody who has the technical ownership of a product, here. So, the politician was about to go and sit in the you're actually boring I'm telling you. So, you can never driver's seat. And the sales manager told the politician, do build a brand. Because you will keep coming and talking you drive your own car. He said, no, driver only drives. about why we have replaced carburettor with fuel Then that's not the seat you should test, come and sit in injector? You will come and talk about how as a result the back. Because eventually you should feel from the there will be no more pollution in the environment seat in which you will enjoy the car. Think that's what just because I don't want to know all those things. When come and sit. So, he went back and he sat there in the rear standard 2000 car was launched and that time it was 1, seat. And as he sat, there's a salesman and said, till now in 60,000 rupees, when you could buy a Maruti at 95000 India for your status there was no car. Now we have a car. Sri Umesh Chand Asawa, MD & CEO was rewarded with the award of BEST Infrastructure Exellence Plan by Banking rupees. And there was one of these must be a politician That is brand building. the way he was dressed, he looked like this. He went Frontiers, Mumbai at a function held at Goa. Sri Asawa participated in the round table of CEOs in the National Cooperative Rampal Attal around the car and the salesman – I happen to be there in Banking Summit organised by NAFCUB at Goa. Vice Chairman

GST Day 2020: What is Goods and Services Tax? Indian GST System: History and Signiﬁcance of The Day That Commemorates Introduction of 'One Nation, One Tax' Regime in India

Three years ago, the Indian government - after long-held States simultaneously levying tax on a common tax base. deliberations with state governments and other The GST levied by the Centre on intra-State supply of stakeholders - replaced the multi-pronged taxation goods or services is called as CGST, and that levied by the regime with the 'One Nation, One Tax' mechanism. The States is called SGST. Goods and Services Tax (GST), which subsumed most other indirect taxes prevalent in India till then, came into The GST applies to all goods other than alcoholic liquor effect on this date in 2017. The day is annually observed for human consumption. as the 'GST Day'. GST Day 2020: History and It is also exempted from the five petroleum products, viz. Significance of The Day That Commemorates petroleum crude, motor spirit (petrol), high speed diesel, Introduction of 'One Nation, One Tax' Regime in India. natural gas and aviation turbine fuel. What is Goods and Services Tax?: GST is a destination The central taxes subsumed under the GST are Central based tax. It follows a multi-stage collection mechanism. Excise Duty, Special Additional Duty of Customs, Under this system, tax is collected at every stage and the Service Tax, Central Surcharge and Cesses. credit of tax paid at the previous stage is available as a set off at the next stage of transaction. This shifts the tax State taxes subsumed under the GST are VAT, Sales Tax, incidence near to the consumer and benefits the industry Entertainment Tax, Purchase Tax, Taxes on lotteries, through better cash flows and better working capital State Surcharges and Cesses. management. Under the Indian GST regime, goods and services are Col. Sagar Hanuman Singh, IPoS, Post Master General, Hyderabad Region, Smt. N.R. Visalatchy, IPoS, Director of Indian GST System Explained: The GST is applicable on categorised in one of the following five tax brackets: 0%, Postal Services, Sri Vasa Seshagiri Rao, IRS, Chief Commissioner of Customs and CGST, Sri G.V. Krishna Rao, IRS, 5%, 12%, 18% and 28%. Smt. G. Hymavathi, Senior Superintendent of Post Offices and Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, Chairman-Emeritus the supply of goods or services as against the erstwhile concept of tax on the manufacture or sale of goods. releasing Mahesh Bank Special Postal Cover on the occasion of an exclusive postal stamps (philatelic) exhibition GST is aimed at bringing buoyancy to the Government Revenue by widening the tax base and improving the tax held at Golconda Pex: 2019, Hyderabad. It is a destination based consumption tax. This means that tax would accrue to the State or the Union Territory compliance. GST is likely to improve India's ranking in where the consumption takes place. the Ease of Doing Business Index and was estimated to increase the GDP growth in the long-run. The tax regime in India is a dual GST with the Centre and

20 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 Courage is the first virtue – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 21 HAPPY MOMENTS BUILD YOUR OWN BRAND

GST Day 2020: What is Goods and Services Tax? Indian GST System: History and Signiﬁcance of The Day That Commemorates Introduction of 'One Nation, One Tax' Regime in India

20 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 Courage is the first virtue – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 21 MAJOR EVENTS

Sri Om Birla, Hon'ble Speaker of Lok Sabha, Sri Bandaru Dattatreya, Hon'ble Governor of Himachal Pradesh, Sri G. Kishan Reddy, Hon'ble Minister of State for Home Affairs, Government of India, Sri Mehmood Ali, Hon'ble Minister for Home, Prisons and Fire Services, Government of Telangana, Sri S. Niranjan Reddy, Hon'ble Minister for Agriculture and Cooperation, Govt. of Telangana, Sri Subrata Das, Regional Director for A.P. and Telangana, RBI, Hyderabad inaugurating the New Head Office Building at Road No: 12, Banjara Hills by cutting the ribbon, unveiling the curtain and lighting the lamp. Sri Purshotamdas Mandhana, Chairman, Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, Chairman- Emeritus, Sri Rampal Attal, Vice Chairman, Board of Directors, Sri Umesh Chand Asawa, MD & CEO, former directors, shareholders, customers, well wishers, employees and mammoth gathering on the occasion.

22 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 ALTERNATIVE WAYS TO EVALUATE YOUR LIFE

Right now you are happy. But you know that could 01. At the end of the day, ask yourself 'Did change at a moment. That is life! Are you prepared today matter?' Spend long time thinking back on for that change? Are you close to anything that your to-do list and reviewing your calendar. Did looks like happiness? Or is contentment world away? Have you started hating your studies, tasks today matter? If yes, it is great. Do more things like it or job? Are you missing your targets? Are you tomorrow. Can't remember anything that made a returning home late? Has depression, anger, difference? Well, better change it up. anxiety, smoking, drinking befriended you? Is chest 02. Define life and success at the outset of pain, tiredness, insomnia, loneliness true of you? everyday or the night before. Decide what you Are you feeling low as low could be? Are you wasting hours on mindless tasks? Any hangovers... would like to see happen by the end of the day. Be becoming too much? Where are all those leading sure to prioritise what is most important. What is you to? It could either destroy yourself completely realistic to achieve? or you can completely change! 03. Remind yourself of your top 3 priorities Healthy? Wealthy? Definitely running away from in life. Do less – but do it better. reality or life is not the solution. 'If you do not change direction, you may end up where you 04. Do those things you often put off. are heading'. Life has its own worries. But you Procrastination – do what you have been putting should not be all right with a miserable life. Your off before you do anything else. Do not avoid it. current life should not take you back to your old Resist avoidance. It will work. life. You must do everything in your power to keep 05. Create new metrics... to measure a lot of away from that way. Now, the alternative would be your goals getting up early, running, meditating, having some . If you are seeking harmony or a healthy drink, listening to music and reading, etc., different way to stay on track with your life, may be The alternative to having daily anxiety and being you need some new metrics – try something new. mired in depression is figuring out that you cannot 'Every day I will call one friend'. You may miss a do it yourself. Build yourself up by seeking from the couple of times, but the point is that if you got off Almighty strength, grace, wisdom love, joy, peace patience and perseverance. The alternative to track, find your way back. continue with the studies or remaining in a job you 06. Increase your units of momentary hated is to find from the scriptures like the happiness. Think of those times when you Bhagavad-Gita –truth that brings confidence and actively felt happy. Do more of them. How many joy. Soon you will embrace empathy and love. times did you feel happy today? Where did those Work hard at it. The alternative to your current life is in feeling moments come from? How can you have more of acceptable, belong to and long for. Make the best them? choices that will help you grow in goodness. Start 07. If the idea of defining life-success proves saying right now I love the life I am living. I am elusive, take a different approach. Write down happy with my life and most importantly, myself. your answers: The best solution will spring to your The best alternative is to choose life. That is the best mind or at least orient you in the right direction. decision you will even make. Remain in it. Ranjana Sharma Alternative ideas to consider: Here are seven Editor/Deputy General Manager alternative ideas to consider for evaluating ourselves as we go along. Do not live to die, but die to live – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 23 NOTABLE EVENTS GLOBAL WARMING

Global warming describes a gradual increase in the factories. average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere Ÿ There is more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and its oceans, a change that is today than at any point in believed to be permanently the last 800000 years changing the Earth's climate. Ÿ Since 1870, global sea There is debate whether global levels have risen by about 8 warming is real. But the inches. scientific consensus on climatic Ÿ Warming has observable changes related to global effects on the environment. warming is that the average Glaciers are shrinking, ice temperature of the Earth has on rivers and lakes is drying risen between 0.4 and 0.8o C up, plants and animals over the past 100 years The have shifted grounds and increased volumes of carbon trees are flowering sooner. dioxide and other greenhouse Ÿ Heat waves caused by gases released by the burning global warming pose a of fossil fuels, land clearing, great risk of heat-related agriculture and other human illness and death in human activities, are believed to be beings. the primary sources of the global warming that has Ÿ It puts coral reefs in danger as the ocean warms occurred over the past 50 years Scientists from the resulting incidents of bleaching. intergovernmental Panel on Climate have Ÿ Though Americans make up just 4% of the predicted that average global temperature could world's population, they produce 25% of the increase between 1.4 and 5.8o C by the year 2100. carbon dioxide pollution from fossil-fuel Signs of Climate Change: Arctic Sea Ice: Arctic sea burning – by far the largest share of any country. ice is declining at a rate of 11.5% per decade. Arctic Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, Chairman-Emeritus on honouring the Board of Directors of Assam Cooperative Union, Guwahati on their sea ice reaches its minimum every September. CS Suman Heda visit to Head Office of the Bank. Sri Kiran, President, ACU & Director in NCUI, Shamshuddin Ahmed, CEO and other Directors, Sri Carbon-dioxide: It is an important heat trapping Professional Director Umesh Chand Asawa, MD & CEO present at the event. (greenhouse) gas released due to human activities like deforestation, burning fossil fuels, natural process like respiration and volcanic eruptions. Global Temperature: 2016 is the warmest for the top 10 warmest years since 1880. Sea Level: It is rising 3.16 mm per year. Sea level rise is due to the water coming from the melting glaciers and the expansion of sea water as it warms up. Land Ice: The land ice sheets in both Antarctica and Greenland are losing mass. The continent of Antarctica has been losing more than 100 cubic kilometres of cie per year since 2002. Global Warming Facts: It is the increase of earth's average surface temperature due to greenhouse gasses that collect in the atmosphere. Ÿ Greenhouse gases trap heat and keep it close to Sri Satish Marathe, Director, Central Board of RBI is being honoured by Sri Purshotamdas Mandhana, Chairman, Sri Ramesh the earth's surface making it liveable for human Kumar Bung, Chairman-Emeritus, Sri Rampal Attal, Vice Chairman on his visit to Head Office of the Bank. Directors on the Board, and animals. However, global warming is due Sri Umesh Chand Asawa, MD & CEO and other officers of the Bank can be seen in the photograph. to the over emission of the gases and fossil fuels. Ÿ With the start of industrial revolution in 1700's, humans began emitting more fossil fuel (coal, oil and natural gas) to run our cars, trucks and 24 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 To be wise before an action is wisdom – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 25 An idea never fails. The business model with which the idea is executed only fails. So, never have to give GLIMPSES OF THE YEAR up on an idea, but you should never stop asking, where is the bottleneck in the business model? Taking AN IDEA care of your health by walking, working, climbing steps, working in the field, carrying loads which you'll NEVER FAILS have to carry, commuting from one place to another place, was a natural part of human life. We always did that. Something as natural as that, somebody was was an act. Somebody realized we can put a business able to put a business model around it. And today it's model around it. Entertainment is a multi-trillion- called a multi-billion-dollar fitness industry. So, we go, dollar industry in the world. People who know, have to we take a car, which gives only three or four kilometers teach people who do not know. This is the natural per liter mileage, and go all the way to the gym, and social formation. And somebody put a business on the treadmill, we walk! And we don't mind paying model to it, and education is a multi-billion-dollar for it. Now you can laugh, you can see the lighter side, industry across the world. Spirituality. Somebody put but the fact is, somebody saw a business model can be a business model around it. We have a spiritual built around that. And fitness is today a billion-dollar economy today. An idea never fails. Every idea is a industry. We all eat in our houses. My mother was trillion-dollar idea, if you know to find the right good in cooking South Indian, your mother was good business model around that idea. So, anyone in in making Gujarati, her mother was good in making business, if you're not seeing as much money as you sweets, her mother was good in making Punjabi, and should be seeing, you don't have to qualify the idea. Sri Purshotamdas Mandhana, Chairman, Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, Chairman-Emeritus, Sri Rampal Attal, Vice Chairman once in a way as friends, we always wanted variety. But you definitely have to challenge the business performing Deepawali Lakshmi Pooja and Head Office of the Bank. Directors, Sri Umesh Chand Asawa and employees of the bank So, I'll come to your house, and you'll treat me with model and ask, “Where is the limitation in the participated in the worship. Punjabi. You'll come to his house, and he'll give you business model?”. And I cannot change a business idli-sambar, they'll go to that house, have dhokla and model if I'm not ready for drastic shift in the direction come. This was called society. Somebody saw and of my thinking. I stay in the habitual patterns of said, “Hey, there is a business model here.”. And food thinking. I keep doing the same stuff. I keep getting the industry, is a trillion-dollar industry in the world today. same results. I do what everybody does. I keep We do not hesitate. Any time you want to eat producing the results everybody does. I live like something different, or what they are cooking in the everybody; I struggle like everybody. If there has to be house, better. We don't mind going to a restaurant, a breakthrough from that, I should dare to change the paying through our nose, experiencing it, and come direction of my thinking and challenge the business back. Entertainment was seen as an expression of model. I'm again repeating to all of you, leave alone talent. I know to sing, I will sing, few people will listen saying an idea never fails, only a business model fails. to me. I know to dance, so I'll dance. I know to express, There is no small idea, there are only small business so I'll put a group together, and in street corners, there models. Just small business models. used to be theatrics, so people will come and perform Ajeet Kumar Varma a live show drama. Everybody will get entertained, Deputy General Manager

INDIA AIMS TO REDUCE STATE-RUN BANK COUNT TO JUST 5

The government is aiming at privatising over half of its before the Cabinet for approval. Though the finance state-run lenders and lower the count of state run ministry did made any comment on the matter. The banks to just 5, a source from the government and government is working on a privatisation spree for banking said. In the first phase, there shall be major raising money by selling assets in non-core companies stake sale in Bank of India, Central Bank of India, and sectors when the country is strapped for funds due Indian Overseas Bank, UCO Bank, Bank of to lack of economic growth caused by the coronavirus Bathukamma Festival was celebrated at the Head Office. CS Suman Heda, Professional Director, Smt. Ranjana Sharma, DGM and Maharashtra and Punjab & Sind Bank. "The idea is to pandemic. "The government has already said that other women employees making circumambulation around the floral Bathukamma. have 4-5 government owned banks," said one senior there will be no more mergers (between state-owned government official. At present, India has 12 state- banks) so the only option for them is to divest stakes," owned banks. a senior official at a state-owned bank said. The plan for this shall be put in a new privatization Earlier, the government merged 10 PSBs into 4, proposal the government is preparing and then put leading to a creation of just a handful of large banks.

26 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 Have friendliness with equals – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 27 An idea never fails. The business model with which the idea is executed only fails. So, never have to give GLIMPSES OF THE YEAR up on an idea, but you should never stop asking, where is the bottleneck in the business model? Taking AN IDEA care of your health by walking, working, climbing steps, working in the field, carrying loads which you'll NEVER FAILS have to carry, commuting from one place to another place, was a natural part of human life. We always did that. Something as natural as that, somebody was was an act. Somebody realized we can put a business able to put a business model around it. And today it's model around it. Entertainment is a multi-trillion- called a multi-billion-dollar fitness industry. So, we go, dollar industry in the world. People who know, have to we take a car, which gives only three or four kilometers teach people who do not know. This is the natural per liter mileage, and go all the way to the gym, and social formation. And somebody put a business on the treadmill, we walk! And we don't mind paying model to it, and education is a multi-billion-dollar for it. Now you can laugh, you can see the lighter side, industry across the world. Spirituality. Somebody put but the fact is, somebody saw a business model can be a business model around it. We have a spiritual built around that. And fitness is today a billion-dollar economy today. An idea never fails. Every idea is a industry. We all eat in our houses. My mother was trillion-dollar idea, if you know to find the right good in cooking South Indian, your mother was good business model around that idea. So, anyone in in making Gujarati, her mother was good in making business, if you're not seeing as much money as you sweets, her mother was good in making Punjabi, and should be seeing, you don't have to qualify the idea. Sri Purshotamdas Mandhana, Chairman, Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, Chairman-Emeritus, Sri Rampal Attal, Vice Chairman once in a way as friends, we always wanted variety. But you definitely have to challenge the business performing Deepawali Lakshmi Pooja and Head Office of the Bank. Directors, Sri Umesh Chand Asawa and employees of the bank So, I'll come to your house, and you'll treat me with model and ask, “Where is the limitation in the participated in the worship. Punjabi. You'll come to his house, and he'll give you business model?”. And I cannot change a business idli-sambar, they'll go to that house, have dhokla and model if I'm not ready for drastic shift in the direction come. This was called society. Somebody saw and of my thinking. I stay in the habitual patterns of said, “Hey, there is a business model here.”. And food thinking. I keep doing the same stuff. I keep getting the industry, is a trillion-dollar industry in the world today. same results. I do what everybody does. I keep We do not hesitate. Any time you want to eat producing the results everybody does. I live like something different, or what they are cooking in the everybody; I struggle like everybody. If there has to be house, better. We don't mind going to a restaurant, a breakthrough from that, I should dare to change the paying through our nose, experiencing it, and come direction of my thinking and challenge the business back. Entertainment was seen as an expression of model. I'm again repeating to all of you, leave alone talent. I know to sing, I will sing, few people will listen saying an idea never fails, only a business model fails. to me. I know to dance, so I'll dance. I know to express, There is no small idea, there are only small business so I'll put a group together, and in street corners, there models. Just small business models. used to be theatrics, so people will come and perform Ajeet Kumar Varma a live show drama. Everybody will get entertained, Deputy General Manager

INDIA AIMS TO REDUCE STATE-RUN BANK COUNT TO JUST 5

26 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 Have friendliness with equals – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 27 Look to our past to find clues for healthy living today causing global warming. Let us remember that sweat SEMINAR OCCASSIONS and tomorrow. Civilisations understood there is a is the most effective elixir for future shock. definite link between our physical health and Habits for healthy mind and body psychological wellbeing. In order to survive in the 21st Century we should look to seven simple daily Daily physicality: Exercise for at least 20 minutes habits in lifestyle choices. m o s t days of the week. Brisk walking is the b est medicine. Here is a timeline of major inventions that have Intellectual Curiosity: changed our lives since Spend some time in the 1800s: The steam f o c u s e d t h o u g h t , engine and locomotives exploring new ideas were invented in 1804, HEALTHY MIND every day. the telephone in 1876, Fo s t e r C r e a t i v i t y : the first electrical power IN A HEALTHY Challenge your mind to p l a n t i n 1 8 8 2 , t h e connect unrelated ideas in p r o d u c t i o n - l i n e new and useful ways. automobiles in 1902, the BODY Sri Shakti Sagar, former MD & CEO, Automatic Data Processing, Inc., and independent strategic advisor, Unique Human Unity: Create and television in 1927, the jet Strategies, Hyderabad addressing the branch managers and executives at Bank's Head Office. Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, maintain close knit human airplane in 1943, the ATM in Chairman-Emeritus honouring the guest. Sri Umesh Chand Asawa, MD & CEO, executives, other officers and branch bonds and a social support 1967, the cell phone in 1973, the network. managers have taken part in the meeting. internet in 1983. Is not it amazing to realise how these changes have occurred Energy Balance: Balance calories considering the first primate fossils date back in/Calories out, and reduce your carbon. some 20 million years? Spiritual Connectedness: Identify a source of Personal computers and smart-phones together inspiration that is bigger than you. God loves and with high speed internet and social media have cares about every area of our life. So, we need to find changed the way we live, work and communicate the the gifts God gave us – body, mind and spirit. ways that would have seemed unimaginable a It is undoubting faith in God that instils inner peace decade ago. We are all scrambling to keep our and joy – evident from their self-esteem, self-control, bearings in this digital whirlwind. We have to be zeal to do good, creativity, stimulating mental proactive in order to combat the potential of digital activities, gratitude to God and people and sharing technology to zap our minds and bodies of their their gifts with others vitality. Obviously, digital advances have improved Raghuram Shetty our lives in so many ways, but there are so many General Manager uncertain. As a parent, you wonder if iPads as learning tool to help raise a generation that is being spoon fed too much over processed everything or do they enhance learning and creativity? Certainly, it is a double-edged sword. The purpose of Technology has the ability to greatly enhance our knowledge is not to lives, but it also has the power to cause our bodies and brains to atrophy. What are the consequences to build memory our biology of living in a virtual reality, where we But to create don't have to work physically to stay alive? Will our children be able to adapt to the changes better than understanding Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, Chairman-Emeritus, Sri Y. Venkata Shastry, CGM, BSNL, Sri M.R. Srinivasa Rao, DGM, we did or will it only get worse? The advice herein is a and transformation. Telangana Cooperative Apex Bank, Sri H.S.K. Tangirala, Director, ICM and other dignitaries taking part in the convocation prophylaxis to help insulate your biology so you can of qualified personnel in Higher Diploma in Cooperative Management held at ICM, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad. continue to climb even higher and maximise the potential of your body and mind. Humans are built Umesh Chand Asawa to run. Unity, Creativity and Adventure are in our DNA. Now, industrialisation plus energy gluttony is

28 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 When the heart is full, tongue is silent – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 29 Look to our past to find clues for healthy living today causing global warming. Let us remember that sweat SEMINAR OCCASSIONS and tomorrow. Civilisations understood there is a is the most effective elixir for future shock. definite link between our physical health and Habits for healthy mind and body psychological wellbeing. In order to survive in the 21st Century we should look to seven simple daily Daily physicality: Exercise for at least 20 minutes habits in lifestyle choices. m o s t days of the week. Brisk walking is the b est medicine. Here is a timeline of major inventions that have Intellectual Curiosity: changed our lives since Spend some time in the 1800s: The steam f o c u s e d t h o u g h t , engine and locomotives exploring new ideas were invented in 1804, HEALTHY MIND every day. the telephone in 1876, Fo s t e r C r e a t i v i t y : the first electrical power IN A HEALTHY Challenge your mind to p l a n t i n 1 8 8 2 , t h e connect unrelated ideas in p r o d u c t i o n - l i n e new and useful ways. automobiles in 1902, the BODY Sri Shakti Sagar, former MD & CEO, Automatic Data Processing, Inc., and independent strategic advisor, Unique Human Unity: Create and television in 1927, the jet Strategies, Hyderabad addressing the branch managers and executives at Bank's Head Office. Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, maintain close knit human airplane in 1943, the ATM in Chairman-Emeritus honouring the guest. Sri Umesh Chand Asawa, MD & CEO, executives, other officers and branch bonds and a social support 1967, the cell phone in 1973, the network. managers have taken part in the meeting. internet in 1983. Is not it amazing to realise how these changes have occurred Energy Balance: Balance calories considering the first primate fossils date back in/Calories out, and reduce your carbon. some 20 million years? Spiritual Connectedness: Identify a source of Personal computers and smart-phones together inspiration that is bigger than you. God loves and with high speed internet and social media have cares about every area of our life. So, we need to find changed the way we live, work and communicate the the gifts God gave us – body, mind and spirit. ways that would have seemed unimaginable a It is undoubting faith in God that instils inner peace decade ago. We are all scrambling to keep our and joy – evident from their self-esteem, self-control, bearings in this digital whirlwind. We have to be zeal to do good, creativity, stimulating mental proactive in order to combat the potential of digital activities, gratitude to God and people and sharing technology to zap our minds and bodies of their their gifts with others vitality. Obviously, digital advances have improved Raghuram Shetty our lives in so many ways, but there are so many General Manager uncertain. As a parent, you wonder if iPads as learning tool to help raise a generation that is being spoon fed too much over processed everything or do they enhance learning and creativity? Certainly, it is a double-edged sword. The purpose of Technology has the ability to greatly enhance our knowledge is not to lives, but it also has the power to cause our bodies and brains to atrophy. What are the consequences to build memory our biology of living in a virtual reality, where we But to create don't have to work physically to stay alive? Will our children be able to adapt to the changes better than understanding Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, Chairman-Emeritus, Sri Y. Venkata Shastry, CGM, BSNL, Sri M.R. Srinivasa Rao, DGM, we did or will it only get worse? The advice herein is a and transformation. Telangana Cooperative Apex Bank, Sri H.S.K. Tangirala, Director, ICM and other dignitaries taking part in the convocation prophylaxis to help insulate your biology so you can of qualified personnel in Higher Diploma in Cooperative Management held at ICM, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad. continue to climb even higher and maximise the potential of your body and mind. Humans are built Umesh Chand Asawa to run. Unity, Creativity and Adventure are in our DNA. Now, industrialisation plus energy gluttony is

28 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 When the heart is full, tongue is silent – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 29 A GLANCE AT THE EVENTS OF THE YEAR PHYSICAL Respiratory droplets long," said Chaudhari, travel between eight to 13 DISTANCING one of the authors of the f e e t b e f o r e t h e y study. He added the evaporate or escape, actual situation could be w i t h o u t w i n d a n d OVER SIX FEET complicated by wind, d e p e n d i n g o n t h e t u r b u l e n c e , a i r - a m b i e n t c o n d i t i o n , recirculation or many according to Indian MAY BE other effects. researchers who suggest " Wi t h o u t w i n d a n d that physical distancing ESSENTIAL d e p e n d i n g o n t h e greater than six feet may ambient condition, we be essential to avoid found droplets travel COVID-19 transmission. TO PREVENT between 8 to 13 feet Bank's Stall at 80th All India Industrial Exhibition-2020 was inaugurated by Sri Anil Kumar, IPS, Additional T h e r e s e a r c h e r s , before they evaporate or Commissioner of Police, Traffic, Hyderabad along with Sri Purshotamdas Mandhana, Chairman, Sri including those from the escape," said Abhishek Ramesh Kumar Bung, Chairman-Emeritus, Sri Rampal Attal, Vice Chairman, Sri Omprakash Jakhotia, Sri Indian Institute of Science COVID-19 Saha, a co-author, from Brij Gopal Asawa, Directors, Sri Umesh Chand Asawa, MD & CEO and other police officials. ( I I S c ) , B e n g a l u r u , t h e U n i v e r s i t y o f Karnataka, noted that it is California, San Diego in well established that the TRANSMISSION, the US. This finding SARS-CoV-2 virus that i m p l i e s t h a t s o c i a l causes COVID-19 disease SAYS STUDY distancing at perhaps i s t r a n s m i t t e d v i a greater than six feet is respiratory droplets that essential, according to the infected people eject researchers The initial size when they cough, sneeze of the longest surviving or talk. droplets is in the range of The team developed a 18-50 microns, meaning mathematical model for masks can indeed help, the early phases of a they said. COVID-19-like pandemic T h e s e f i n d i n g s , t h e using the aerodynamics researchers said, could a n d e v a p o r a t i o n help inform reopening c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s o f measures for schools and respiratory droplets. The offices looking at student research, published in the or employee density. journal Physics of Fluids, " T h i s m o d e l i s n o t modelled the pandemic claiming to predict the dynamics with a reaction exact spread of COVID- mechanism, wherein 19," said Saptarshi Basu, Sri Purshotamdas Mandhana, each reaction has a rate constant obtained by another study author, from IISc. "But, our work shows Chairman, Sri Ramesh Kumar calculating the droplet collision frequency. The that droplet evaporation or desiccation time is highly Bung, Chairman-Emeritus, Sri researchers then compared the droplet cloud ejected sensitive to the ambient temperature and relative Rampal Attal, Vice Chairman by an infected person to the one by a healthy person. humidity," Basu said. The researchers noted that their cutting the New Year 2020 cake "The size of the droplet cloud, the distance it travels, model and the firm theoretical underpinning that at a function held at Head Office. and the droplet lifetimes are, therefore, all important connects the two scales – macro-scale pandemic Sri Umesh Chand Asawa, MD & factors that we calculated using conservation of mass, dynamics and the micro-scale droplet physics -- could CEO, Executives and staff took momentum, energy and species," said Swetaprovo emerge as a powerful tool in clarifying the role of part in the celebrations. Chaudhuri from the University of Toronto in Canada. environment on infection spread through respiratory "The model could be used to estimate approximately droplets. how long droplets can survive, how far they can travel, and which size of droplet survives for how 30 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 Sympathy is love, pity is love, and compassion is love – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 31 A GLANCE AT THE EVENTS OF THE YEAR PHYSICAL Respiratory droplets long," said Chaudhari, travel between eight to 13 DISTANCING one of the authors of the f e e t b e f o r e t h e y study. He added the evaporate or escape, actual situation could be w i t h o u t w i n d a n d OVER SIX FEET complicated by wind, d e p e n d i n g o n t h e t u r b u l e n c e , a i r - a m b i e n t c o n d i t i o n , recirculation or many according to Indian MAY BE other effects. researchers who suggest " Wi t h o u t w i n d a n d that physical distancing ESSENTIAL d e p e n d i n g o n t h e greater than six feet may ambient condition, we be essential to avoid found droplets travel COVID-19 transmission. TO PREVENT between 8 to 13 feet Bank's Stall at 80th All India Industrial Exhibition-2020 was inaugurated by Sri Anil Kumar, IPS, Additional T h e r e s e a r c h e r s , before they evaporate or Commissioner of Police, Traffic, Hyderabad along with Sri Purshotamdas Mandhana, Chairman, Sri including those from the escape," said Abhishek Ramesh Kumar Bung, Chairman-Emeritus, Sri Rampal Attal, Vice Chairman, Sri Omprakash Jakhotia, Sri Indian Institute of Science COVID-19 Saha, a co-author, from Brij Gopal Asawa, Directors, Sri Umesh Chand Asawa, MD & CEO and other police officials. ( I I S c ) , B e n g a l u r u , t h e U n i v e r s i t y o f Karnataka, noted that it is California, San Diego in well established that the TRANSMISSION, the US. This finding SARS-CoV-2 virus that i m p l i e s t h a t s o c i a l causes COVID-19 disease SAYS STUDY distancing at perhaps i s t r a n s m i t t e d v i a greater than six feet is respiratory droplets that essential, according to the infected people eject researchers The initial size when they cough, sneeze of the longest surviving or talk. droplets is in the range of The team developed a 18-50 microns, meaning mathematical model for masks can indeed help, the early phases of a they said. COVID-19-like pandemic T h e s e f i n d i n g s , t h e using the aerodynamics researchers said, could a n d e v a p o r a t i o n help inform reopening c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s o f measures for schools and respiratory droplets. The offices looking at student research, published in the or employee density. journal Physics of Fluids, " T h i s m o d e l i s n o t modelled the pandemic claiming to predict the dynamics with a reaction exact spread of COVID- mechanism, wherein 19," said Saptarshi Basu, Sri Purshotamdas Mandhana, each reaction has a rate constant obtained by another study author, from IISc. "But, our work shows Chairman, Sri Ramesh Kumar calculating the droplet collision frequency. The that droplet evaporation or desiccation time is highly Bung, Chairman-Emeritus, Sri researchers then compared the droplet cloud ejected sensitive to the ambient temperature and relative Rampal Attal, Vice Chairman by an infected person to the one by a healthy person. humidity," Basu said. The researchers noted that their cutting the New Year 2020 cake "The size of the droplet cloud, the distance it travels, model and the firm theoretical underpinning that at a function held at Head Office. and the droplet lifetimes are, therefore, all important connects the two scales – macro-scale pandemic Sri Umesh Chand Asawa, MD & factors that we calculated using conservation of mass, dynamics and the micro-scale droplet physics -- could CEO, Executives and staff took momentum, energy and species," said Swetaprovo emerge as a powerful tool in clarifying the role of part in the celebrations. Chaudhuri from the University of Toronto in Canada. environment on infection spread through respiratory "The model could be used to estimate approximately droplets. how long droplets can survive, how far they can travel, and which size of droplet survives for how 30 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 Sympathy is love, pity is love, and compassion is love – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 31 I was talking to a friend the other day. He was worried A PANORAMA OF EVENTS about the pandemic and the ongoing economic crisis and wanted to know where to put his money. 'I have WHAT DRIVES some surplus money and someone suggested I buy gold during these times', he said. But he didn't quite THE PRICE OF GOLD? understand why he must buy gold? Why during these times? Is it even a good investment? I imagine a lot of people have the same questions. But to answer these over the short-term. questions we need to understand the fundamentals of Expected value of the dollar (inverse relation): gold first. In the past, much before stocks and banks Another determinant of gold prices is the expected were created everyone bought gold with their savings. value of the dollar and its safety thereof. So, if the Not because it was the only form of investment, not future of the US dollar is expected to underperform because it would give them good returns even. But investors will invest in gold. Thereby increasing its because it was a great store of value. price. Increasing demand for gold from India and They filled it in pots and hid it well. To be used only for China is also a growing factor affecting gold prices. As bad times, for emergencies. It was their safety net in these economies progress towards becoming case everything went to hell in a hand basket. A good developed economies, their appetite for gold will friend in bad times. The same holds even today. It was increase. a great store of value back then and is today. In fact, it's So is gold a good investment in these times? As we also proved to be a great hedge against bad times. have established, you must expose your portfolio to Gold, a great hedge for your portfolio against any gold in any kind of economic crisis. Even though it Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, Chairman-Emeritus delivering inaugural address at ICM, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad during the global economic crisis might seem we are at the end of the virus curve there is convocation of 69th Cooperative Higher Diploma Course for Asst. Registrars. Sri Nageswara Rao, Former MLC and H.S.K. Note, how in 2008 during the Lehman crisis when the still a lot of uncertainty ahead of us. India is still Tangirala, Director of ICM in the photograph. stock markets crashed the price of gold was up. battling with the first wave of the virus whereas other Similarly, during this year 2020, the price went up as countries are at the precipice of a second one. investors, surrounded by massive economic Economists and experts may make numerous uncertainty, rushed to buy gold. So, it's safe to say that projections on where the economy will be. But they when the prices of other flamboyant assets (equities, are all just based on assumptions, which are honestly stock markets) fall, gold prices rise. Making it a great on shaky grounds at best. hedge for your portfolio against stock markets and So, it's safe to say that gold is a good investment in bad economies. Much like insurance. these uncertain times. It is a great hedge and will In fact, experts don't even look it at as an asset class, smoothen your portfolio returns. But there is a caveat they consider it a currency. And these characteristics to it. Don't buy gold if you expect it to generate strong prove that gold, in fact, is one: That cannot be created returns. Think of it as a no-yield asset instead, it unlike the paper currency of any country. Hence, no doesn't pay any kind of interests or dividends (unless government can inflate/deflate the value of gold as you buy the Gold Sovereign Fund). Further, there is they can with paper currency. Till date, no currency no guarantee that the price will continue to increase (even the U.S. Dollar) has lasted for more than 100 forever. It's like an insurance, you don't expect your Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, Chairman-Emeritus distributing masks and sanitizers to the girl students of Rainbow Home Hostel, years Moreover, people including Government trust insurance policies to generate returns. (Experts advice Dood Bowli as a kind gesture. Smt. Pushpa Boob, Director in the photograph. it. investing less than 10-15% of your portfolio in gold). It is highly liquid. You can exchange gold for any kind In fact, I wish I never receive any returns from my of goods in the middle of the night. All characteristics money in gold. Because that would imply that the of Gold and a currency. So, what factors drive the economy is in trouble along with all my other price of gold? investments. I only just hope it continues to play the Now we know that during an economic crisis there is same role - A store of value. demand and therefore the price of gold increases. But what other factors drive the price of gold? US interest V. Jyothi rates (inverse relation): One of the biggest HO: PAD determinants is the interest rate of U.S. Government- issued instruments. Note, how in 2008, the short-term interest rates went negative, the opportunity cost of holding gold as opposed to cash became positive. Women employees of the Bank participating in Rangoli competitions on the eve of Sankranti. Smt. Ranjana Sharma, DGM along Subsequently, increasing the price of gold. Thereby with the contestants. proving that US interest rates and gold prices share an inverse relationship. So, if the price of gold rises it indicates that the US interest rates will remain low

32 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 Love is something grand and sublime – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 33 I was talking to a friend the other day. He was worried A PANORAMA OF EVENTS about the pandemic and the ongoing economic crisis and wanted to know where to put his money. 'I have WHAT DRIVES some surplus money and someone suggested I buy gold during these times', he said. But he didn't quite THE PRICE OF GOLD? understand why he must buy gold? Why during these times? Is it even a good investment? I imagine a lot of people have the same questions. But to answer these over the short-term. questions we need to understand the fundamentals of Expected value of the dollar (inverse relation): gold first. In the past, much before stocks and banks Another determinant of gold prices is the expected were created everyone bought gold with their savings. value of the dollar and its safety thereof. So, if the Not because it was the only form of investment, not future of the US dollar is expected to underperform because it would give them good returns even. But investors will invest in gold. Thereby increasing its because it was a great store of value. price. Increasing demand for gold from India and They filled it in pots and hid it well. To be used only for China is also a growing factor affecting gold prices. As bad times, for emergencies. It was their safety net in these economies progress towards becoming case everything went to hell in a hand basket. A good developed economies, their appetite for gold will friend in bad times. The same holds even today. It was increase. a great store of value back then and is today. In fact, it's So is gold a good investment in these times? As we also proved to be a great hedge against bad times. have established, you must expose your portfolio to Gold, a great hedge for your portfolio against any gold in any kind of economic crisis. Even though it Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, Chairman-Emeritus delivering inaugural address at ICM, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad during the global economic crisis might seem we are at the end of the virus curve there is convocation of 69th Cooperative Higher Diploma Course for Asst. Registrars. Sri Nageswara Rao, Former MLC and H.S.K. Note, how in 2008 during the Lehman crisis when the still a lot of uncertainty ahead of us. India is still Tangirala, Director of ICM in the photograph. stock markets crashed the price of gold was up. battling with the first wave of the virus whereas other Similarly, during this year 2020, the price went up as countries are at the precipice of a second one. investors, surrounded by massive economic Economists and experts may make numerous uncertainty, rushed to buy gold. So, it's safe to say that projections on where the economy will be. But they when the prices of other flamboyant assets (equities, are all just based on assumptions, which are honestly stock markets) fall, gold prices rise. Making it a great on shaky grounds at best. hedge for your portfolio against stock markets and So, it's safe to say that gold is a good investment in bad economies. Much like insurance. these uncertain times. It is a great hedge and will In fact, experts don't even look it at as an asset class, smoothen your portfolio returns. But there is a caveat they consider it a currency. And these characteristics to it. Don't buy gold if you expect it to generate strong prove that gold, in fact, is one: That cannot be created returns. Think of it as a no-yield asset instead, it unlike the paper currency of any country. Hence, no doesn't pay any kind of interests or dividends (unless government can inflate/deflate the value of gold as you buy the Gold Sovereign Fund). Further, there is they can with paper currency. Till date, no currency no guarantee that the price will continue to increase (even the U.S. Dollar) has lasted for more than 100 forever. It's like an insurance, you don't expect your Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, Chairman-Emeritus distributing masks and sanitizers to the girl students of Rainbow Home Hostel, years Moreover, people including Government trust insurance policies to generate returns. (Experts advice Dood Bowli as a kind gesture. Smt. Pushpa Boob, Director in the photograph. it. investing less than 10-15% of your portfolio in gold). It is highly liquid. You can exchange gold for any kind In fact, I wish I never receive any returns from my of goods in the middle of the night. All characteristics money in gold. Because that would imply that the of Gold and a currency. So, what factors drive the economy is in trouble along with all my other price of gold? investments. I only just hope it continues to play the Now we know that during an economic crisis there is same role - A store of value. demand and therefore the price of gold increases. But what other factors drive the price of gold? US interest V. Jyothi rates (inverse relation): One of the biggest HO: PAD determinants is the interest rate of U.S. Government- issued instruments. Note, how in 2008, the short-term interest rates went negative, the opportunity cost of holding gold as opposed to cash became positive. Women employees of the Bank participating in Rangoli competitions on the eve of Sankranti. Smt. Ranjana Sharma, DGM along Subsequently, increasing the price of gold. Thereby with the contestants. proving that US interest rates and gold prices share an inverse relationship. So, if the price of gold rises it indicates that the US interest rates will remain low

32 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 Love is something grand and sublime – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 33 PRIME EVENTS DODO YOUYOU KNOWKNOW 23. Even apple and Raspberry belong to the species ?? of Rose. 01. The owner for all the swans in England is the 24. Snakes are experts in anticipating earthquakes in country's queen. advance. They know it 5 days before and migrate 02. In Sweden, when the blood of the donor is used, to a safe place. the donor will receive the message immediately. 25. In case saliva is not produced in our mouth, we 03. Like rainbow, if it is formed in the night, it is called cannot taste anything. moon-bow. 26. Astronauts grow a little in their height when they 04. Once a stranger offered to sell the country New go into space. Zealand in the e-bay. 27. Dinosaurs used to consume big stones and store 05. A species called bull-frogs would never sleep. in their stomach. Those stones were useful in digesting the food they ate. 06. The weight of blood of our body would be almost equal to 8% weight of our body. 28. 35 Crore years ago, mushrooms used to grow up to 20 feet high on earth. 07. The highest of area of our body getting tickling is our feet. 29. In the centre of the earth, it would be 10000 degrees Fahrenheit temperature. It is equal to the 08. We get shy when adrenal is released more in our temperature of the external surface of the sun. body. 30. In Britain, a bus is running with the gas from 09. We have 67 types of bacteria in our stomach. human excreta. 10. We lose 4 kilos of dead cells from our skin every 31. There is a separate spa exclusively for elephants year. in Kerala. 11. Till you write in words the numbers up to 'Billion', 32. We open our eyelids 20 times in a minute. Sri Purshotamdas Mandhana, Chairman, Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, Chairman-Emeritus along with Directors hoisting the National there is no need to use the letter 'B'. flag on the occasion of India's 71st Republic Day at Head Office. Employees of the bank participated in the event. 33. The town of Calama went without a single drop 12. The next word after 'tomorrow' and 'Day after of rain from 1570 to 1971—more than 400 tomorrow', it is 'over morrow'. years! The town is situated in Atacama Desert in 13. There would be traces of gold in the hair of new Chile. born children. 34. During the period of 1800, tomato sauce was 14. Barbie's full name is Barbara Millicent Roberts. being used as a medicine. In a series of novels published by Random House 35. In the cosmos, astronauts cannot weep. The in the 1960s, her parents' names are given as reason is –there would be no gravitational force George and Margaret Roberts from the fictional in firmament. Tears cannot slip off the cheeks. town of Willows, Wisconsin. 36. There are no snakes in the continent of 15. With iron existing in our body, we can make a 3 Antarctica. inches nail. 37. Butterflies taste their food through their feet. 16. The population of Vatican City is 1000. However, 600 crime cases are registered every 38. Like us, even the animals have dreams. year there. 39. Owls cannot move their eyes; but, they can rotate 17. There are 3 lakh mosques in India. their heads in 360 degrees, i.e., in all directions. 18. There is a Post Office floating on the water in Dal 40. Coffee was invented in the year 1500 by a Lake in Srinagar. Sheppard in Ethiopia. 19. Even if they are cut, the wings (scales) of the 41. Giraffes do not have upper teeth; they have only starfish will again grow. teeth in the lower jaws. 20. Stick ice was found by a 11 year old boy namely 42. Kiwi birds cannot see through their eyes; they Mahesh Bank has extended its helping hand for the Coronavirus relief fund and handed over a cheque of Rs. 50 lakhs to Sri. S. Franc Effusion from San Francisco in 1905. hunt with their smelling sense. Niranjan Reddy, Hon'ble Minister for Agriculture and Cooperation. Sri Purshotamdas Mandhana, Chairman, Sri Ramesh Kumar 21. Octopus has three hearts. P. Venugopal Reddy Bung, Chairman-Emeritus and Sri Umesh Chand Asawa, MD & CEO meeting the minister at the time of handing over the cheque. HO: Credit 22. Lions, the inhabitants of forest do not hunt more than 20 times in a year. 34 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 Fame is the penalty of success – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 35 PRIME EVENTS DODO YOUYOU KNOWKNOW 23. Even apple and Raspberry belong to the species ?? of Rose. 01. The owner for all the swans in England is the 24. Snakes are experts in anticipating earthquakes in country's queen. advance. They know it 5 days before and migrate 02. In Sweden, when the blood of the donor is used, to a safe place. the donor will receive the message immediately. 25. In case saliva is not produced in our mouth, we 03. Like rainbow, if it is formed in the night, it is called cannot taste anything. moon-bow. 26. Astronauts grow a little in their height when they 04. Once a stranger offered to sell the country New go into space. Zealand in the e-bay. 27. Dinosaurs used to consume big stones and store 05. A species called bull-frogs would never sleep. in their stomach. Those stones were useful in digesting the food they ate. 06. The weight of blood of our body would be almost equal to 8% weight of our body. 28. 35 Crore years ago, mushrooms used to grow up to 20 feet high on earth. 07. The highest of area of our body getting tickling is our feet. 29. In the centre of the earth, it would be 10000 degrees Fahrenheit temperature. It is equal to the 08. We get shy when adrenal is released more in our temperature of the external surface of the sun. body. 30. In Britain, a bus is running with the gas from 09. We have 67 types of bacteria in our stomach. human excreta. 10. We lose 4 kilos of dead cells from our skin every 31. There is a separate spa exclusively for elephants year. in Kerala. 11. Till you write in words the numbers up to 'Billion', 32. We open our eyelids 20 times in a minute. Sri Purshotamdas Mandhana, Chairman, Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, Chairman-Emeritus along with Directors hoisting the National there is no need to use the letter 'B'. flag on the occasion of India's 71st Republic Day at Head Office. Employees of the bank participated in the event. 33. The town of Calama went without a single drop 12. The next word after 'tomorrow' and 'Day after of rain from 1570 to 1971—more than 400 tomorrow', it is 'over morrow'. years! The town is situated in Atacama Desert in 13. There would be traces of gold in the hair of new Chile. born children. 34. During the period of 1800, tomato sauce was 14. Barbie's full name is Barbara Millicent Roberts. being used as a medicine. In a series of novels published by Random House 35. In the cosmos, astronauts cannot weep. The in the 1960s, her parents' names are given as reason is –there would be no gravitational force George and Margaret Roberts from the fictional in firmament. Tears cannot slip off the cheeks. town of Willows, Wisconsin. 36. There are no snakes in the continent of 15. With iron existing in our body, we can make a 3 Antarctica. inches nail. 37. Butterflies taste their food through their feet. 16. The population of Vatican City is 1000. However, 600 crime cases are registered every 38. Like us, even the animals have dreams. year there. 39. Owls cannot move their eyes; but, they can rotate 17. There are 3 lakh mosques in India. their heads in 360 degrees, i.e., in all directions. 18. There is a Post Office floating on the water in Dal 40. Coffee was invented in the year 1500 by a Lake in Srinagar. Sheppard in Ethiopia. 19. Even if they are cut, the wings (scales) of the 41. Giraffes do not have upper teeth; they have only starfish will again grow. teeth in the lower jaws. 20. Stick ice was found by a 11 year old boy namely 42. Kiwi birds cannot see through their eyes; they Mahesh Bank has extended its helping hand for the Coronavirus relief fund and handed over a cheque of Rs. 50 lakhs to Sri. S. Franc Effusion from San Francisco in 1905. hunt with their smelling sense. Niranjan Reddy, Hon'ble Minister for Agriculture and Cooperation. Sri Purshotamdas Mandhana, Chairman, Sri Ramesh Kumar 21. Octopus has three hearts. P. Venugopal Reddy Bung, Chairman-Emeritus and Sri Umesh Chand Asawa, MD & CEO meeting the minister at the time of handing over the cheque. HO: Credit 22. Lions, the inhabitants of forest do not hunt more than 20 times in a year. 34 HAMARA PRAYAS - SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 Fame is the penalty of success – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 35 SMART AUTOMATION AND MANY COUNTRIES IOT SOLUTIONS BEYOND 2020 MAY NEED DEBT RESTRUCTURING IOT or Internet of Things is the name that is safety and security such as smoke, gas leak or devices. Voice Technologies is also being used here all increasingly getting attention in the media, because it intrusions. The connectivity to the internet enables guests to not only to control devices, but also to AFTER PANDEMIC is a revolution that is supposed to change the way we these devices to be controlled or monitored through communicate with the hotel staff for other things interact with the ‘things’ that we use in our daily lives smart apps that provide notification to the owners, pertaining to their stay whether it is ordering a bottle of FALLOUT - IMF either at work or home. Over the past few decades the even when away from the apartment. Video door water or requesting housekeeping. i n t e r n e t h a s b e e n i n c re a s i n g l y u s e d f o r phones, cameras and automated door locks allow In Hospitals, the same abilities that are being provided CHIEF ECONOMIST communication with each other using tools such as users to visually see what is happening in their in Hotels are more relevant to patients who do not social media. However, the various equipment or apartment or with visitors to allow access to the home, have the ability to leave their beds often. Control of devices that we use for either monitoring things or even when away. The addition of Voice Assistants the devices from their beds is a very valuable feature Many countries may need debt restructuring in the controlling things, have rarely communicated directly from Google and Amazon have added to the methods that is relevant in improving their comfort and aftermath of the global coronavirus pandemic and its with us over the internet to give us information about by which the Home Automation can be accessed, so convenience. Nurse call systems are an important economic fallout, the International Monetary Fund's them or to give us control over them, even when we that in addition to using Smart Apps the users can addition to this mix for hospitals, whereby patients can chief economist said. Gita Gopinath told an online are not close by. This is what the ‘Internet of Things’ simply use voice commands to control or find out the communicate their need for assistance. The use of IoT event hosted by the University of Oxford that there revolution is all about, changing how our things status of their devices. With a median age of Indian technologies allow caregivers to get the notifications was no debt crisis at the moment, but there would be a interact with us and vice versa. The things can be items population rising to around 28 years and those that by Smart Apps, thereby improving their productivity "much more persistent need for debt relief for the in our homes such as lights, fans, ACs, curtains, TVs, get successfully employed also purchasing homes by as well as responsiveness to the patients. poorer nations of this world" given the pandemic. cameras, thermostats, video door bells, microwaves, the time they are 35-38 years old, there is now a social Building Management Systems provide the ability for Given that about 40% of low-income countries were washing machines, coffee makers, and more or they class that have the right combination of disposable facility manager to manage the building and all its can be more complex assets from work or in buildings income; often are either technophiles or comfortable already in debt distress or at high risk of getting there, assets from a central point has tremendous with the number growing, she said there could well be and factories such as motors, pumps, electrical panels, with technology; and are often people who want to advantages in both safety and productivity. The fire panels, MRI equipment, pace makers, vital signs, find ways in which they can enhance their day-to-day "a need for debt restructuring in many countries." The system serves as the single point for monitoring all comments came a day before the Group of 20 major monitoring equipment, environment monitoring living experience especially the time that they spend at safety and security sensors as well as perimeter sensors smoke and gas leak sensors, intrusion home. economies and the Paris Club of official creditors hosts monitoring systems, gate monitoring systems and a high-level conference on debt, capital flows and detectors, panic buttons and the list goes on and on. Therefore, personal comfort and convenience is an cameras. For operational efficiency, control or status sustainable finance in the context of the pandemic- Smart Automation: Smart Automation is a broad important driver of their decisions when spending monitoring of all building assets can be enabled such triggered economic crisis. category that not only includes the Internet of Things, money on their homes. Many of these households as lights, ACs, motors, pumps, fire panels, fire pumps, but a variety of automation that can operate without also have situations where both husband and wife are elevators, smart energy meters, smart water meters G20 finance ministers, the leaders of the IMF and the the internet, usually using some form of local working or are out of the home and with kids and and more. The ability to monitor the operational World Bank and private-sector creditors will discuss intelligence and communication. This would be for elders at home. So, safety and security in starting to be parameters of equipment, its working hours and to options for responding to capital outflows from example situations like a motion sensor that is an important driver of Home Automation as a means control its operating schedules all collectively can emerging markets, debt challenges, and how best to connected to light to turn it on or off based on any to be warned when things are happening at home. For enhance the asset productivity as well as those of the foster strong, sustainable growth. Gopinath and other motion that it senses. This is automation, but there is certain aspects like fire safety in many of the high- facility personnel managing the building. international finance experts have said they believe a freeze in debt service payments offered by G20 no internet involved. Many such solutions are possible rises, there is an increasing concern that unless Home Energy Efficiency is another area where these countries to the poorest nations through year-end that benefit the daily home and work lives. Automation features like smoke or fire sensors detect technologies can make a significant difference in should be extended. Nearly 91% people in the country are keen to the safety event early it may be challenging in many of energy consumption through enabling centralised experience a reality where Internet of Things devices high rises to control a fire event or even depend on fire control of existing AC and lighting, especially through They have also called repeatedly for increased could make their lives simple as they would be able to engines trying to make their way through impossible retrofits and without needing the equipment to be participation in the G20 debt moratorium by the monitor and manage their home appliances remotely traffic. replaced. Wireless or wired motion sensors provide private sector. in real time, says a report. More than 65% people Personal Convenience: Beyond homes, IoT and means of smart automation to directly control existing The newly appointed chief economist of the World suffer anxiety over leaving lights or other devices on Smart Automation are making their presence in a lights, fans and air conditioners to eliminate wastages, Bank, Carmen Reinhart, told the online event that the when they are away from home or for the safety of number of business segments in the work when people leave or enter a room. Enterprises with initial timeline for the G20 debt initiative would have their home, and believe that connected technology environment, the uses in Hotels, Hospitals, Building significant energy expense can benefit to a great to be revisited and the debt restructuring process could help alleviate this. The concept of smart homes Management and Energy Efficiency can be observed. degree by adopting these solutions. needed to become faster and more expedient. "The is growing steadily in urban homes across India. In Hotels, these same technologies are being used to main constraint is making sure that everybody's on enhance the guest experience in rooms, by providing Smart Homes: In homes, these technologies are Kilambi Badrinath board, which has not been the case," she said, noting providing control of lighting, fans, air conditioners, them the complete control of the room for all lighting, that the participation of the private sector "hasn't DGM: IT TVs, media devices. They are also able to monitor fans, ACs, curtains, TV and other entertainment happened."

36 Jealousy is the penalty of fame – Ramesh Kumar Bung. To the pure in heart, all things are pure – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 37 SMART AUTOMATION AND MANY COUNTRIES IOT SOLUTIONS BEYOND 2020 MAY NEED DEBT RESTRUCTURING IOT or Internet of Things is the name that is safety and security such as smoke, gas leak or devices. Voice Technologies is also being used here all increasingly getting attention in the media, because it intrusions. The connectivity to the internet enables guests to not only to control devices, but also to AFTER PANDEMIC is a revolution that is supposed to change the way we these devices to be controlled or monitored through communicate with the hotel staff for other things interact with the ‘things’ that we use in our daily lives smart apps that provide notification to the owners, pertaining to their stay whether it is ordering a bottle of FALLOUT - IMF either at work or home. Over the past few decades the even when away from the apartment. Video door water or requesting housekeeping. i n t e r n e t h a s b e e n i n c re a s i n g l y u s e d f o r phones, cameras and automated door locks allow In Hospitals, the same abilities that are being provided CHIEF ECONOMIST communication with each other using tools such as users to visually see what is happening in their in Hotels are more relevant to patients who do not social media. However, the various equipment or apartment or with visitors to allow access to the home, have the ability to leave their beds often. Control of devices that we use for either monitoring things or even when away. The addition of Voice Assistants the devices from their beds is a very valuable feature Many countries may need debt restructuring in the controlling things, have rarely communicated directly from Google and Amazon have added to the methods that is relevant in improving their comfort and aftermath of the global coronavirus pandemic and its with us over the internet to give us information about by which the Home Automation can be accessed, so convenience. Nurse call systems are an important economic fallout, the International Monetary Fund's them or to give us control over them, even when we that in addition to using Smart Apps the users can addition to this mix for hospitals, whereby patients can chief economist said. Gita Gopinath told an online are not close by. This is what the ‘Internet of Things’ simply use voice commands to control or find out the communicate their need for assistance. The use of IoT event hosted by the University of Oxford that there revolution is all about, changing how our things status of their devices. With a median age of Indian technologies allow caregivers to get the notifications was no debt crisis at the moment, but there would be a interact with us and vice versa. The things can be items population rising to around 28 years and those that by Smart Apps, thereby improving their productivity "much more persistent need for debt relief for the in our homes such as lights, fans, ACs, curtains, TVs, get successfully employed also purchasing homes by as well as responsiveness to the patients. poorer nations of this world" given the pandemic. cameras, thermostats, video door bells, microwaves, the time they are 35-38 years old, there is now a social Building Management Systems provide the ability for Given that about 40% of low-income countries were washing machines, coffee makers, and more or they class that have the right combination of disposable facility manager to manage the building and all its can be more complex assets from work or in buildings income; often are either technophiles or comfortable already in debt distress or at high risk of getting there, assets from a central point has tremendous with the number growing, she said there could well be and factories such as motors, pumps, electrical panels, with technology; and are often people who want to advantages in both safety and productivity. The fire panels, MRI equipment, pace makers, vital signs, find ways in which they can enhance their day-to-day "a need for debt restructuring in many countries." The system serves as the single point for monitoring all comments came a day before the Group of 20 major monitoring equipment, environment monitoring living experience especially the time that they spend at safety and security sensors as well as perimeter sensors smoke and gas leak sensors, intrusion home. economies and the Paris Club of official creditors hosts monitoring systems, gate monitoring systems and a high-level conference on debt, capital flows and detectors, panic buttons and the list goes on and on. Therefore, personal comfort and convenience is an cameras. For operational efficiency, control or status sustainable finance in the context of the pandemic- Smart Automation: Smart Automation is a broad important driver of their decisions when spending monitoring of all building assets can be enabled such triggered economic crisis. category that not only includes the Internet of Things, money on their homes. Many of these households as lights, ACs, motors, pumps, fire panels, fire pumps, but a variety of automation that can operate without also have situations where both husband and wife are elevators, smart energy meters, smart water meters G20 finance ministers, the leaders of the IMF and the the internet, usually using some form of local working or are out of the home and with kids and and more. The ability to monitor the operational World Bank and private-sector creditors will discuss intelligence and communication. This would be for elders at home. So, safety and security in starting to be parameters of equipment, its working hours and to options for responding to capital outflows from example situations like a motion sensor that is an important driver of Home Automation as a means control its operating schedules all collectively can emerging markets, debt challenges, and how best to connected to light to turn it on or off based on any to be warned when things are happening at home. For enhance the asset productivity as well as those of the foster strong, sustainable growth. Gopinath and other motion that it senses. This is automation, but there is certain aspects like fire safety in many of the high- facility personnel managing the building. international finance experts have said they believe a freeze in debt service payments offered by G20 no internet involved. Many such solutions are possible rises, there is an increasing concern that unless Home Energy Efficiency is another area where these countries to the poorest nations through year-end that benefit the daily home and work lives. Automation features like smoke or fire sensors detect technologies can make a significant difference in should be extended. Nearly 91% people in the country are keen to the safety event early it may be challenging in many of energy consumption through enabling centralised experience a reality where Internet of Things devices high rises to control a fire event or even depend on fire control of existing AC and lighting, especially through They have also called repeatedly for increased could make their lives simple as they would be able to engines trying to make their way through impossible retrofits and without needing the equipment to be participation in the G20 debt moratorium by the monitor and manage their home appliances remotely traffic. replaced. Wireless or wired motion sensors provide private sector. in real time, says a report. More than 65% people Personal Convenience: Beyond homes, IoT and means of smart automation to directly control existing The newly appointed chief economist of the World suffer anxiety over leaving lights or other devices on Smart Automation are making their presence in a lights, fans and air conditioners to eliminate wastages, Bank, Carmen Reinhart, told the online event that the when they are away from home or for the safety of number of business segments in the work when people leave or enter a room. Enterprises with initial timeline for the G20 debt initiative would have their home, and believe that connected technology environment, the uses in Hotels, Hospitals, Building significant energy expense can benefit to a great to be revisited and the debt restructuring process could help alleviate this. The concept of smart homes Management and Energy Efficiency can be observed. degree by adopting these solutions. needed to become faster and more expedient. "The is growing steadily in urban homes across India. In Hotels, these same technologies are being used to main constraint is making sure that everybody's on enhance the guest experience in rooms, by providing Smart Homes: In homes, these technologies are Kilambi Badrinath board, which has not been the case," she said, noting providing control of lighting, fans, air conditioners, them the complete control of the room for all lighting, that the participation of the private sector "hasn't DGM: IT TVs, media devices. They are also able to monitor fans, ACs, curtains, TV and other entertainment happened."

36 Jealousy is the penalty of fame – Ramesh Kumar Bung. To the pure in heart, all things are pure – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 37 line-up, finishing with figures of 6/33. India thus gained The Indians kept chipping away with wickets at regular a massive 292-run lead in the first innings. Kohli opted intervals to reduce Australia to 253/8. Although not to enforce the follow-on, and instead went for quick Mitchell Johnson and Stuart Clark delayed the runs to force the Aussies to bat last on a deteriorating inevitable with some lusty hits, it was too little too late. pitch. But India suffered a top-order collapse with Pat The Australians eventually folded for 340 runs. All the TThehe IndianIndian cricketcricket team'steam's 55 mosmostt mememorablemorable Cummins being the destroyer-in-chief with his 6 Indian bowlers played their part, with Pathan finishing wickets. Agarwal and Rishabh Pant were the only with the best figures of 3/54. The left-hander was aawwaayy TTesestt winswins ofof thethe 21s21stt centurcenturyy Indians to provide some resistance before Kohli declared the Man of the Match for his all-round declared with the Indian score at 106/8. performance- 74 runs with the bat complimenting the 5 This left Australia to chase a 399-run target in the 4th wickets with the ball in hand. Although India went on to The Indian cricket team joined the Test fold in 1932, score of 249 runs. Ganguly was the top scorer with an innings to force an unlikely victory. Although most of lose the series 2-1, this 72-run victory was memorable with their first away tour to England. But for almost 40 unbeaten 51, with all the middle-order batsmen the Australian batsmen got off to starts, none of them for multiple reasons. The victory was achieved on the years, they were considered the also-rans in world chipping in with some useful runs. managed a big score. Cummins was the principal bouncy Perth pitch, considered the most alien cricket, with Test wins few and far between. The Indian The South Africans were blown away in their first contributor with the bat as well, their only half- conditions for any sub-continental team. To top it all, it team gave the first indication of becoming a major force innings, dismissed for just 84 runs in only 25.1 overs centurion with 63 runs to his credit. The Aussies were came on the back of the forgettable Sydney Test, where in world cricket with dual overseas Test series wins The mercurial S. Sreesanth was the wrecker-in-chief, finally dismissed for 261 runs. All the Indian bowlers India seemed to have been hard done by, both by the against West Indies and England in 1971. But this with his prodigious swing and seam movement. He played their part, but it was Bumrah again who finished umpiring decisions on the ground and the match turned out to be a flash in the pan, as this was followed dismantled the South African top and middle order to with the best figures of 3/53. He was deservedly referee's decision off the field. by very few Test wins, and those too were primarily at return figures of 5/40. He was ably supported by the awarded the Man of the Match for his 9-wicket haul in 2 India vs England at Leeds in 2002 - India won by an home. other bowlers, with Zaheer Khan and Kumble pitching the match. India won the match by 137 runs to take a 2- innings and 46 runs. India played England in the 3rd The Indian cricket team's success in the 1983 World in with 2 wickets apiece. With a handsome 165-run 1 lead in the series. This win was even more special as Test of their tour to England, played at Leeds from 22nd Cup and the 1985 World Championship of Cricket lead in the first innings, the Indian team had the upper the Indian cricket team went on to win their first-ever to 26th August 2002. India went into the Test match made them one of the top teams in the ODI format, but hand. They did not release the stranglehold as they put Test series in Australia, with the final Test ending in a trailing 1-0 in the 4 match series. Ganguly won the toss they were still lagging in the longer version of the game. on a score of 236 runs in their 2nd innings, setting a draw. and to the surprise of many, elected to bat on a green The 1990s brought an upswing in the Indian Test team's huge target of 402 runs for the South Africans to chase 3 India vs Australia at Perth in 2008 - India won by 72 pitch in overcast conditions. After India lost Virender fortunes in the spinner-friendly home conditions. With in the 4th innings. VVS Laxman was the top-scorer for runs. The Indians were up against the Aussies in the 3rd Sehwag early, Dravid and Sanjay Bangar kept the the emergence of the great Anil Kumble and able India in the second innings with 73 runs to his name. Test of their tour to Australia, played at Perth from 16th English attack at bay. The duo stitched together a 170- assistance from other spinners, the Indian team ground The Indian pace bowlers again wreaked havoc among to 19th January 2008. The match was played in the run partnership for the 2nd wicket, but the more telling almost every homecoming team to dust. However, the South African top order. After Khan dismissed backdrop of mounting tension between the two sides factor was that they were at the crease for almost 70 their away record still left a lot to be desired. Herschelle Gibbs for a duck, Sreesanth took the prized following the 'Monkeygate' scandal in the previous Test overs Although Bangar's contribution of 68 runs may It was only in the early 2000s under the leadership of wickets of Graeme Smith, Hashim Amla and Jacques match in Sydney. Kumble, the Indian captain, won the not seem like much, the 236 deliveries he faced played Sourav Ganguly that India came to be recognised as a Kallis to reduce South Africa to 84/4. Although Ashwell toss and elected to bat first. India managed to put a a significant role in tiring the English bowlers team that were no longer lambs to be slaughtered away Prince played a patient innings of 97, India continued decent score of 330 runs on the board. The total was Dravid went on to score a majestic 148 runs, putting on from home. The Indian cricket team finally had a host to chip away with wickets at the other end. The South built on the back of a 139 run third-wicket partnership another 150 runs with Tendulkar for the 3rd wicket. of penetrative pace bowlers at their disposal, along with Africans were eventually dismissed for 278 runs, with between Dravid (93 runs) and Sachin Tendulkar (71 With the England bowlers at their wits' end, Tendulkar one of the all-time greatest batting and spin-bowling Sreesanth, Khan and Kumble snaring three wickets runs). The young Irfan Pathan played a crucial knock of (193) and Ganguly (128) went on the attack and line-ups. They were a force to reckon with even in apiece. Sreesanth was duly awarded the Man of the 28 runs to take India past the 300-run mark. smashed them all over the park. India eventually foreign conditions. Although there have been a few Match for his haul of 8 wickets in the match. This 123- Australia were dismissed for 212 runs in their first declared their innings at a massive score of 628/8. hiccups along the way, the current Indian team under run victory was even more significant as it was the innings, with Andrew Symonds and Adam Gilchrist Although England got off to a decent start in their first Virat Kohli has maintained this momentum. A maiden Indian cricket team's first-ever Test victory on South scoring half-centuries. RP Singh was the highest wicket- innings, the Indian bowlers chipped away with wickets Test series win in Australia and their position at the top African soil. taker for India with 4 wickets to his name. The other at regular intervals. England were dismissed for 273 of the ICC World Test Championship points table is 4 India vs Australia at Melbourne in 2018 - India won bowlers- Pathan, Kumble and Ishant Sharma- too runs in their 1st innings. The spinners, Kumble and ample proof of their growing prowess as a Test-playing by 137 runs. India faced the Kangaroos in the 3rd Test chipped in with a couple of wickets each. The highlight Harbhajan Singh, shared 6 wickets between them, nation, even away from home. Let us have a look at the of their tour to Australia, played at Melbourne from of India's bowling was a terrific spell by Sharma, where while the pacers, Khan and Ajit Agarkar, took the other 5 most memorable away Test wins for the Indian cricket 26th to 30th December 2018, with the series tied at 1-1. he tormented the great Ricky Ponting before eventually 4 wickets. team, victories that went a long way in establishing Kohli, the Indian captain, won the toss and elected to dismissing him. Ganguly enforced the follow-on with India enjoying a them as one of the biggest superpowers of the modern bat. India declared their 1st innings at a score of 443/7. With a 118-run advantage from the 1st innings, India 355-run lead after the 1st innings. The English top- game. Cheteshwar Pujara, who had a great tour down under, added another 294 runs in their 2nd innings. Laxman order put up a greater resistance in the 2nd innings, 5 India vs South Africa at Johannesburg in 2006 - India top-scored with a battling 106 runs. He was well was the top-scorer with 79 runs to his credit. Pathan, with their captain Nasser Hussain scoring a century. But won by 123 runs. India took on the Proteas in the first supported by Kohli (82 runs), Mayank Agarwal (76 who was promoted to No.3 in the batting order, played India kept up the pressure to eventually dismiss Test of their tour to South Africa, at Johannesburg from runs) and Rohit Sharma (63 runs) as India piled on a a useful knock of 46 runs. Chasing a mammoth 413 for England for 309 runs. Kumble was the wrecker-in-chief 15th to 18th December 2006. Rahul Dravid, the Indian huge total on the board. victory, Australia lost a couple of early wickets, but with 4 wickets to his name, while all the other bowlers captain, won the toss and elected to bat first. On a lively In reply, Australia were bowled out for a meagre 151 useful contributions from Michael Clarke (81), Michael chipped in with wickets as well. Dravid was awarded pitch, India was dismissed for a fighting first innings runs. Jasprit Bumrah ran through the Australian batting Hussey (46) and Ponting (45) kept them in the hunt. the Man of the Match for his dogged innings. Although 38 Be calm; be serene; be tranquil – Ramesh Kumar Bung. Peace is the daughter of calmness – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 39 line-up, finishing with figures of 6/33. India thus gained The Indians kept chipping away with wickets at regular a massive 292-run lead in the first innings. Kohli opted intervals to reduce Australia to 253/8. Although not to enforce the follow-on, and instead went for quick Mitchell Johnson and Stuart Clark delayed the runs to force the Aussies to bat last on a deteriorating inevitable with some lusty hits, it was too little too late. pitch. But India suffered a top-order collapse with Pat The Australians eventually folded for 340 runs. All the TThehe IndianIndian cricketcricket team'steam's 55 mosmostt mememorablemorable Cummins being the destroyer-in-chief with his 6 Indian bowlers played their part, with Pathan finishing wickets. Agarwal and Rishabh Pant were the only with the best figures of 3/54. The left-hander was aawwaayy TTesestt winswins ofof thethe 21s21stt centurcenturyy Indians to provide some resistance before Kohli declared the Man of the Match for his all-round declared with the Indian score at 106/8. performance- 74 runs with the bat complimenting the 5 This left Australia to chase a 399-run target in the 4th wickets with the ball in hand. Although India went on to The Indian cricket team joined the Test fold in 1932, score of 249 runs. Ganguly was the top scorer with an innings to force an unlikely victory. Although most of lose the series 2-1, this 72-run victory was memorable with their first away tour to England. But for almost 40 unbeaten 51, with all the middle-order batsmen the Australian batsmen got off to starts, none of them for multiple reasons. The victory was achieved on the years, they were considered the also-rans in world chipping in with some useful runs. managed a big score. Cummins was the principal bouncy Perth pitch, considered the most alien cricket, with Test wins few and far between. The Indian The South Africans were blown away in their first contributor with the bat as well, their only half- conditions for any sub-continental team. To top it all, it team gave the first indication of becoming a major force innings, dismissed for just 84 runs in only 25.1 overs centurion with 63 runs to his credit. The Aussies were came on the back of the forgettable Sydney Test, where in world cricket with dual overseas Test series wins The mercurial S. Sreesanth was the wrecker-in-chief, finally dismissed for 261 runs. All the Indian bowlers India seemed to have been hard done by, both by the against West Indies and England in 1971. But this with his prodigious swing and seam movement. He played their part, but it was Bumrah again who finished umpiring decisions on the ground and the match turned out to be a flash in the pan, as this was followed dismantled the South African top and middle order to with the best figures of 3/53. He was deservedly referee's decision off the field. by very few Test wins, and those too were primarily at return figures of 5/40. He was ably supported by the awarded the Man of the Match for his 9-wicket haul in 2 India vs England at Leeds in 2002 - India won by an home. other bowlers, with Zaheer Khan and Kumble pitching the match. India won the match by 137 runs to take a 2- innings and 46 runs. India played England in the 3rd The Indian cricket team's success in the 1983 World in with 2 wickets apiece. With a handsome 165-run 1 lead in the series. This win was even more special as Test of their tour to England, played at Leeds from 22nd Cup and the 1985 World Championship of Cricket lead in the first innings, the Indian team had the upper the Indian cricket team went on to win their first-ever to 26th August 2002. India went into the Test match made them one of the top teams in the ODI format, but hand. They did not release the stranglehold as they put Test series in Australia, with the final Test ending in a trailing 1-0 in the 4 match series. Ganguly won the toss they were still lagging in the longer version of the game. on a score of 236 runs in their 2nd innings, setting a draw. and to the surprise of many, elected to bat on a green The 1990s brought an upswing in the Indian Test team's huge target of 402 runs for the South Africans to chase 3 India vs Australia at Perth in 2008 - India won by 72 pitch in overcast conditions. After India lost Virender fortunes in the spinner-friendly home conditions. With in the 4th innings. VVS Laxman was the top-scorer for runs. The Indians were up against the Aussies in the 3rd Sehwag early, Dravid and Sanjay Bangar kept the the emergence of the great Anil Kumble and able India in the second innings with 73 runs to his name. Test of their tour to Australia, played at Perth from 16th English attack at bay. The duo stitched together a 170- assistance from other spinners, the Indian team ground The Indian pace bowlers again wreaked havoc among to 19th January 2008. The match was played in the run partnership for the 2nd wicket, but the more telling almost every homecoming team to dust. However, the South African top order. After Khan dismissed backdrop of mounting tension between the two sides factor was that they were at the crease for almost 70 their away record still left a lot to be desired. Herschelle Gibbs for a duck, Sreesanth took the prized following the 'Monkeygate' scandal in the previous Test overs Although Bangar's contribution of 68 runs may It was only in the early 2000s under the leadership of wickets of Graeme Smith, Hashim Amla and Jacques match in Sydney. Kumble, the Indian captain, won the not seem like much, the 236 deliveries he faced played Sourav Ganguly that India came to be recognised as a Kallis to reduce South Africa to 84/4. Although Ashwell toss and elected to bat first. India managed to put a a significant role in tiring the English bowlers team that were no longer lambs to be slaughtered away Prince played a patient innings of 97, India continued decent score of 330 runs on the board. The total was Dravid went on to score a majestic 148 runs, putting on from home. The Indian cricket team finally had a host to chip away with wickets at the other end. The South built on the back of a 139 run third-wicket partnership another 150 runs with Tendulkar for the 3rd wicket. of penetrative pace bowlers at their disposal, along with Africans were eventually dismissed for 278 runs, with between Dravid (93 runs) and Sachin Tendulkar (71 With the England bowlers at their wits' end, Tendulkar one of the all-time greatest batting and spin-bowling Sreesanth, Khan and Kumble snaring three wickets runs). The young Irfan Pathan played a crucial knock of (193) and Ganguly (128) went on the attack and line-ups. They were a force to reckon with even in apiece. Sreesanth was duly awarded the Man of the 28 runs to take India past the 300-run mark. smashed them all over the park. India eventually foreign conditions. Although there have been a few Match for his haul of 8 wickets in the match. This 123- Australia were dismissed for 212 runs in their first declared their innings at a massive score of 628/8. hiccups along the way, the current Indian team under run victory was even more significant as it was the innings, with Andrew Symonds and Adam Gilchrist Although England got off to a decent start in their first Virat Kohli has maintained this momentum. A maiden Indian cricket team's first-ever Test victory on South scoring half-centuries. RP Singh was the highest wicket- innings, the Indian bowlers chipped away with wickets Test series win in Australia and their position at the top African soil. taker for India with 4 wickets to his name. The other at regular intervals. England were dismissed for 273 of the ICC World Test Championship points table is 4 India vs Australia at Melbourne in 2018 - India won bowlers- Pathan, Kumble and Ishant Sharma- too runs in their 1st innings. The spinners, Kumble and ample proof of their growing prowess as a Test-playing by 137 runs. India faced the Kangaroos in the 3rd Test chipped in with a couple of wickets each. The highlight Harbhajan Singh, shared 6 wickets between them, nation, even away from home. Let us have a look at the of their tour to Australia, played at Melbourne from of India's bowling was a terrific spell by Sharma, where while the pacers, Khan and Ajit Agarkar, took the other 5 most memorable away Test wins for the Indian cricket 26th to 30th December 2018, with the series tied at 1-1. he tormented the great Ricky Ponting before eventually 4 wickets. team, victories that went a long way in establishing Kohli, the Indian captain, won the toss and elected to dismissing him. Ganguly enforced the follow-on with India enjoying a them as one of the biggest superpowers of the modern bat. India declared their 1st innings at a score of 443/7. With a 118-run advantage from the 1st innings, India 355-run lead after the 1st innings. The English top- game. Cheteshwar Pujara, who had a great tour down under, added another 294 runs in their 2nd innings. Laxman order put up a greater resistance in the 2nd innings, 5 India vs South Africa at Johannesburg in 2006 - India top-scored with a battling 106 runs. He was well was the top-scorer with 79 runs to his credit. Pathan, with their captain Nasser Hussain scoring a century. But won by 123 runs. India took on the Proteas in the first supported by Kohli (82 runs), Mayank Agarwal (76 who was promoted to No.3 in the batting order, played India kept up the pressure to eventually dismiss Test of their tour to South Africa, at Johannesburg from runs) and Rohit Sharma (63 runs) as India piled on a a useful knock of 46 runs. Chasing a mammoth 413 for England for 309 runs. Kumble was the wrecker-in-chief 15th to 18th December 2006. Rahul Dravid, the Indian huge total on the board. victory, Australia lost a couple of early wickets, but with 4 wickets to his name, while all the other bowlers captain, won the toss and elected to bat first. On a lively In reply, Australia were bowled out for a meagre 151 useful contributions from Michael Clarke (81), Michael chipped in with wickets as well. Dravid was awarded pitch, India was dismissed for a fighting first innings runs. Jasprit Bumrah ran through the Australian batting Hussey (46) and Ponting (45) kept them in the hunt. the Man of the Match for his dogged innings. Although 38 Be calm; be serene; be tranquil – Ramesh Kumar Bung. Peace is the daughter of calmness – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 39 UPSIDE FOR INDIAN RUPEE CORNER SEEN LIMITED DESPITE the series eventually ended in a 1-1 draw, this innings- and-46 run victory was a memorable one for India. The 01. Gaur farmaaiye Tunku: Once you sit on the stove, then only you will MULTIPLE POSITIVES Arz Kiya- know the reason. fact that this victory was achieved batting first in seamer- Mehfil me hamare joote kho gaye to ham ghar kaise 11. The miser Tunku was travelling in the train along with friendly conditions made it all the more noteworthy. India's rupee has the backing of a healthier trade jayenge? his wife. Though she was requesting for water as she India Won by Inning & 46Runs. was very thirsty, Tunku did not buy the water bottle. account, steady foreign investment inflows and a return Mehfil me hamare joote kho gaye to ham ghar kaise 1 India vs Australia at Adelaide in 2003 - India won by 4 jayenge? She started pressurising Tunku. Tunku said: OK, we in global risk appetite, but its gains are being limited by a wickets. India took on the Kangaroos in the 2nd Test of Kisi ne kaha-"Aap shayari to shuru kijiye will purchase in the next station; not only water, we central bank keen to prevent wild swings and build dollar their tour to Australia, played at Adelaide from 12th to itne milenge ki aap gin nahi payenge". will buy Jilebi, Samosa and other eatables. Wife was 16th December 2003. The two teams came to Adelaide reserves. The RBI of India's stated foreign exchange 02. For the very first time . . English Shaayari Purely very happy and said: When you are narrating the after a stalemate in the first Test at Brisbane. Steve policy has been to only curb extreme volatility but recent Scientific...... food items, my mouth is watering. Tunku: Then drink Waugh, the Australian captain, won the toss and elected actions suggest it is not letting the local unit appreciate When U Breathe, U Respire. that water. to bat first. The Aussies put a mammoth 556 runs on the despite its relative underperformance versus peers Wah wah 12. Wife: Dear, tell me whether I am great or Carona is board in their first innings. Ponting was the star of the Traders suspect the RBI bought dollars in May and June When U Breathe, U Respire ! great. Tunku: Both are great. Wife: How? Tunku: At show with a stroke-filled double ton (242 runs). Kumble as the return in risk appetite and overseas investments by Wah wah kya baat hai home you will allow me to survive and if I go out was the highest wicket-taker for India, bagging 5 wickets a dozen firms, including Facebook, into the digital arm of When u Don't Breathe, Carona will not allow me to survive. at the cost of 154 runs. telecommunications firm Reliance Jio brought in billions U Expire. 13. Manager: It is 8' O Clock in the night. You have not gone home still. Why? Tunku: Nothing, sir; There is Chasing a massive score, India were under severe of dollars into the country. Reliance is scheduled to get a Subhanallah Maar hi daala... 03. Arz hai- an agreement that whosoever goes home earlier, has pressure after having lost 4 wickets with just 85 runs on total of $15.8 billion, part of which has already come in. roz roz weight napkar kya karna hai, to cook. Hence I am going a little late. the board. Dravid and Laxman then almost did an India's external account has also improved owing to the ek din to sabne marna hai 14. Patient: Doctor, is there any relationship between encore of their monumental partnership in Kolkata a sharp fall in global crude oil prices and a collapse in char din ki h zindagi, ears and heart? Doctor Tunku: By all means. When I couple of years ago, with a 303-run alliance for the 5th imports in an economy weakened by the COVID-19 tell you the amount of bill, you will hear and there pandemic. Companies have raised $2.49 billion through kha lo jee bhar ke, wicket to bring India back into the match. While agle janam to phir 3 kilo se hi start karna hai. would be heart stroke for you. external commercial borrowings in April and May. Laxman contributed a sublime 148 runs, Dravid was 04. Killer shayari : the last man to be dismissed for an individual score of The flows coming in are only temporary and cannot be Arz kiya hai.. 233 runs. The duo had taken India to a score of 523 taken for granted as a recovery in growth would push up LIC wale bhi ghazab dhate hai runs, trailing Australia by 33 runs after the first innings. imports and widen the current account deficit eventually. Wah wah Agarkar then produced a career-best bowling effort of It is also in this context that we see RBI's more aggressive LIC wale bhi ghazab dhate hai 6/41 to run through the Australian batting line-up. The stance in accumulating forex reserves lately. It is prudent Logon ki biwiyon ke paas ghanton baithke wily Tendulkar also struck two critical blows, dismissing to shore up external defences given the long haul ahead. Unke husband ke Marne ke fayde batate hai Waugh and Damien Martyn, both brilliantly caught by The rupee was at 74.98 to the dollar during the second 05. Kavi ka beta school mein. Dravid in the slips. Australia were dismissed for 196 week of July and is down 4.74% so far this year, making Teacher: what is a noun? runs, to leave India chasing a tricky 230 runs in the 4th it the worst performing Asian currency. The RBI's foreign Student: Arz kiya hai.. innings. The openers Sehwag and Aakash Chopra gave exchange reserves have climbed to a record above $500 Kutta bhi Hota hai apni gali mein king India a solid start, putting together 48 runs for the first billion and are now adequate to cover around 13 months Wah wah wicket. After both of them were dismissed, Dravid and of imports, far higher than the average over the last 5 Noun is the name of any Person, Place or Thing Tendulkar strung together a 70-run partnership to take years 06. Kabhi tum gor se dekho aaina Wah wah India closer to victory. But the dismissals of Tendulkar The rupees released by the RBI's dollar buying Kabhi tum gor se dekho aaina and Ganguly brought Australia back into the match. intervention are adding to the cash circulating in the Khud hi hanskar kahoge banking system. There is, however, little evidence the The Dravid-Laxman partnership then took India to the Made in China doorstep of victory, before the latter was dismissed with RBI has mopped up that excess cash, and clearing house Made in China India needing another 9 runs for the win. Although India data shows state-run banks are ploughing more money 07. Arz kiya hai lost Parthiv Patel, Dravid, with his unbeaten knock of into government bonds. The RBI is, however, expected ACP ne laash se poocha 'khoon kisne kiya batao' 72, ensured that India crossed the line without any to purchase government bonds either directly or via Wah wah.. further loss of wickets. Dravid was undoubtedly the Man open market bond purchases to help tame market yields ACP ne laash se poocha' khoon kisne kiya batao' of the Match for his superb knocks in both the innings. and ensure the government is able to meet its record Laash ne hanskar kaha ' Melody khao khud jaan jao' This 4-wicket victory is surely one of the greatest wins in borrowing needs. Ba aaj ke liye itna hi... India's cricketing history. The fact that it came on foreign Rahul Gupta, head of currency research at Emkay 08. Work from home scenario: soil against a tough Australian side, that too after losing Global Financial Services, sees the range around 74.20- Wife: How many whistle the cooker did? the toss and conceding more than 550 runs in the first 74.30 becoming a floor for the dollar-rupee pair, and Tunku: Eh?? Two... three...! I don't know! innings, makes it all the more memorable. expects it to head towards 76.20 or 77.00 within a Manager (on skype): Three! I heard three! couple of months. "The government's stimulus also 09. Doctor: You need to undergo plastic surgery. It may cost you around Rs. 5 lakh. G. Amarnath needs to be financed from somewhere, imports also will Tunku: I can bring plastic myself; will you reduce the start rising as the economy recovers and we will again HO: Estates bill? start seeing pressure on the currency," he said. Sarita Joshi 10. Child: Why the popcorn makes lot of sound and Begum Bazar Branch jumps while it is on stove? 40 Happiness is the daughter of peace – Ramesh Kumar Bung. Passion is a very contagious thing on this earth – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 41 UPSIDE FOR INDIAN RUPEE CORNER SEEN LIMITED DESPITE the series eventually ended in a 1-1 draw, this innings- and-46 run victory was a memorable one for India. The 01. Gaur farmaaiye Tunku: Once you sit on the stove, then only you will MULTIPLE POSITIVES Arz Kiya- know the reason. fact that this victory was achieved batting first in seamer- Mehfil me hamare joote kho gaye to ham ghar kaise 11. The miser Tunku was travelling in the train along with friendly conditions made it all the more noteworthy. India's rupee has the backing of a healthier trade jayenge? his wife. Though she was requesting for water as she India Won by Inning & 46Runs. was very thirsty, Tunku did not buy the water bottle. account, steady foreign investment inflows and a return Mehfil me hamare joote kho gaye to ham ghar kaise 1 India vs Australia at Adelaide in 2003 - India won by 4 jayenge? She started pressurising Tunku. Tunku said: OK, we in global risk appetite, but its gains are being limited by a wickets. India took on the Kangaroos in the 2nd Test of Kisi ne kaha-"Aap shayari to shuru kijiye will purchase in the next station; not only water, we central bank keen to prevent wild swings and build dollar their tour to Australia, played at Adelaide from 12th to itne milenge ki aap gin nahi payenge". will buy Jilebi, Samosa and other eatables. Wife was 16th December 2003. The two teams came to Adelaide reserves. The RBI of India's stated foreign exchange 02. For the very first time . . English Shaayari Purely very happy and said: When you are narrating the after a stalemate in the first Test at Brisbane. Steve policy has been to only curb extreme volatility but recent Scientific...... food items, my mouth is watering. Tunku: Then drink Waugh, the Australian captain, won the toss and elected actions suggest it is not letting the local unit appreciate When U Breathe, U Respire. that water. to bat first. The Aussies put a mammoth 556 runs on the despite its relative underperformance versus peers Wah wah 12. Wife: Dear, tell me whether I am great or Carona is board in their first innings. Ponting was the star of the Traders suspect the RBI bought dollars in May and June When U Breathe, U Respire ! great. Tunku: Both are great. Wife: How? Tunku: At show with a stroke-filled double ton (242 runs). Kumble as the return in risk appetite and overseas investments by Wah wah kya baat hai home you will allow me to survive and if I go out was the highest wicket-taker for India, bagging 5 wickets a dozen firms, including Facebook, into the digital arm of When u Don't Breathe, Carona will not allow me to survive. at the cost of 154 runs. telecommunications firm Reliance Jio brought in billions U Expire. 13. Manager: It is 8' O Clock in the night. You have not gone home still. Why? Tunku: Nothing, sir; There is Chasing a massive score, India were under severe of dollars into the country. Reliance is scheduled to get a Subhanallah Maar hi daala... 03. Arz hai- an agreement that whosoever goes home earlier, has pressure after having lost 4 wickets with just 85 runs on total of $15.8 billion, part of which has already come in. roz roz weight napkar kya karna hai, to cook. Hence I am going a little late. the board. Dravid and Laxman then almost did an India's external account has also improved owing to the ek din to sabne marna hai 14. Patient: Doctor, is there any relationship between encore of their monumental partnership in Kolkata a sharp fall in global crude oil prices and a collapse in char din ki h zindagi, ears and heart? Doctor Tunku: By all means. When I couple of years ago, with a 303-run alliance for the 5th imports in an economy weakened by the COVID-19 tell you the amount of bill, you will hear and there pandemic. Companies have raised $2.49 billion through kha lo jee bhar ke, wicket to bring India back into the match. While agle janam to phir 3 kilo se hi start karna hai. would be heart stroke for you. external commercial borrowings in April and May. Laxman contributed a sublime 148 runs, Dravid was 04. Killer shayari : the last man to be dismissed for an individual score of The flows coming in are only temporary and cannot be Arz kiya hai.. 233 runs. The duo had taken India to a score of 523 taken for granted as a recovery in growth would push up LIC wale bhi ghazab dhate hai runs, trailing Australia by 33 runs after the first innings. imports and widen the current account deficit eventually. Wah wah Agarkar then produced a career-best bowling effort of It is also in this context that we see RBI's more aggressive LIC wale bhi ghazab dhate hai 6/41 to run through the Australian batting line-up. The stance in accumulating forex reserves lately. It is prudent Logon ki biwiyon ke paas ghanton baithke wily Tendulkar also struck two critical blows, dismissing to shore up external defences given the long haul ahead. Unke husband ke Marne ke fayde batate hai Waugh and Damien Martyn, both brilliantly caught by The rupee was at 74.98 to the dollar during the second 05. Kavi ka beta school mein. Dravid in the slips. Australia were dismissed for 196 week of July and is down 4.74% so far this year, making Teacher: what is a noun? runs, to leave India chasing a tricky 230 runs in the 4th it the worst performing Asian currency. The RBI's foreign Student: Arz kiya hai.. innings. The openers Sehwag and Aakash Chopra gave exchange reserves have climbed to a record above $500 Kutta bhi Hota hai apni gali mein king India a solid start, putting together 48 runs for the first billion and are now adequate to cover around 13 months Wah wah wicket. After both of them were dismissed, Dravid and of imports, far higher than the average over the last 5 Noun is the name of any Person, Place or Thing Tendulkar strung together a 70-run partnership to take years 06. Kabhi tum gor se dekho aaina Wah wah India closer to victory. But the dismissals of Tendulkar The rupees released by the RBI's dollar buying Kabhi tum gor se dekho aaina and Ganguly brought Australia back into the match. intervention are adding to the cash circulating in the Khud hi hanskar kahoge banking system. There is, however, little evidence the The Dravid-Laxman partnership then took India to the Made in China doorstep of victory, before the latter was dismissed with RBI has mopped up that excess cash, and clearing house Made in China India needing another 9 runs for the win. Although India data shows state-run banks are ploughing more money 07. Arz kiya hai lost Parthiv Patel, Dravid, with his unbeaten knock of into government bonds. The RBI is, however, expected ACP ne laash se poocha 'khoon kisne kiya batao' 72, ensured that India crossed the line without any to purchase government bonds either directly or via Wah wah.. further loss of wickets. Dravid was undoubtedly the Man open market bond purchases to help tame market yields ACP ne laash se poocha' khoon kisne kiya batao' of the Match for his superb knocks in both the innings. and ensure the government is able to meet its record Laash ne hanskar kaha ' Melody khao khud jaan jao' This 4-wicket victory is surely one of the greatest wins in borrowing needs. Ba aaj ke liye itna hi... India's cricketing history. The fact that it came on foreign Rahul Gupta, head of currency research at Emkay 08. Work from home scenario: soil against a tough Australian side, that too after losing Global Financial Services, sees the range around 74.20- Wife: How many whistle the cooker did? the toss and conceding more than 550 runs in the first 74.30 becoming a floor for the dollar-rupee pair, and Tunku: Eh?? Two... three...! I don't know! innings, makes it all the more memorable. expects it to head towards 76.20 or 77.00 within a Manager (on skype): Three! I heard three! couple of months. "The government's stimulus also 09. Doctor: You need to undergo plastic surgery. It may cost you around Rs. 5 lakh. G. Amarnath needs to be financed from somewhere, imports also will Tunku: I can bring plastic myself; will you reduce the start rising as the economy recovers and we will again HO: Estates bill? start seeing pressure on the currency," he said. Sarita Joshi 10. Child: Why the popcorn makes lot of sound and Begum Bazar Branch jumps while it is on stove? 40 Happiness is the daughter of peace – Ramesh Kumar Bung. Passion is a very contagious thing on this earth – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 41 TDS ON CASH WITHDRAWAL W.E.F. 1 JULY 2020: ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW

The Finance Act, 2020 tightened the existing franchise agent and sub-agent, and Full-Fledged provisions for those who have not been filing Money Changer (FFMC) licensed by the RBI of income tax returns. This will be applicable from India and its franchise agent from TDS under July 1, 2020. Section 194N for deduction of tax at Section 194N The person (payer) making the cash source (TDS) on cash withdrawals exceeding Rs 1 payment will have to deduct TDS under Section crore was introduced by the Finance Minister in the 194N, which includes any bank (both public or Union Budget 2019. This section applies to an private), a co-operative bank, and post office. TDS aggregate of sums withdrawn from a particular under Section 194N tax shall be required to be payer in a financial year. The Government has deducted only when the aggregate amount of cash introduced Section 194N in the Union Budget withdrawal during the previous year by a person 2019 with the objective to discourage cash from one or more of his bank or post office account, transactions in the country and promote the digital as the case may be, exceeds Rs 20 Lakhs and the economy. said person has not filed his Income Tax Returns for Section 194 N of the Income Tax Act has been the last three years Further, the tax shall be required amended vide clause 84 of the Finance Act 2020. to be deducted only on the amount exceeding The Scope of TDS on cash withdrawal has been Rs 20 Lakhs. For example, if Mr. 'Y' has filed all his extended under the amended Section 194 N. TDS returns and if he withdraws cash up to Rs 1 Crore at the rate of 2% is required to be deduced if the then no TDS will be applicable. In case Mr. 'Y' withdrawer has not filed his tax return for three withdraws cash which is more than Rs 1 Crore then years and withdrawal during the year exceeds Rs only 2% TDS will be applicable. On the other hand 20 lakhs but less than Rs 1 crore. For withdrawal if Mr. 'Z' has not filed all his returns and if he more than Rs 1 crore TDS at the rate of 5% is withdraws cash from Rs 20 Lakh to Rs 1 Crore then required to be deducted. 2% of the TDS will be applicable. In case Mr. 'Z' withdraws cash which is more than Rs 1 Crore then The Amendment of Section 194N will be with effect 5% TDS will be applicable. TDS will be deducted from July 1, 2020. The section will apply to by the payer while making the cash payment over withdrawals made by taxpayers who are an and above Rs 1 crore in a financial year to the individual, A Hindu Undivided Family (HUF), a payee. If the payee withdraws a sum of money on Company, a partnership firm, or an LLP, a local regular intervals, the payer will have to deduct TDS authority, an Association of Person (AOPs) or Body from the amount, once the total sum withdrawn of Individuals (BOIs). exceeds Rs 1 crore in a financial year. The TDS will However, this section will not be applicable to be done on the amount exceeding Rs 1 crore. In the government bodies, banks including co-operative example, Mr. 'Y' withdraws Rs 45 Lakhs in the banks, business correspondents of a banking aggregate in the financial year and in the next company, white-label ATM operator of any bank, withdrawal, an amount of Rs 1.25 crores is farmers whom the Central Government specifies withdrawn, and the TDS liability is only on the the commission agent or trader. CBDT exempts excess amount of Rs 70 Lakhs. cash withdrawal by the authorized dealer and its

42 Welcome truth from whatever corner it may come – Ramesh Kumar Bung. CELEBRATION OF INTERNATIONAL DAY OF COOPERATIVES – COOPERATIVES FOR CLIMATIC ACTION

The International Day of Cooperatives was held at Institute of Cooperative Management, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad on 4th July, 2020. Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, Chairman-Emeritus, hoisted the Cooperative flag on this occasion and addressed through the Webinar. Sri H.S.K. Tangirala, Director, ICM, Sri Shyam Kumar, Faculty and other officials have participated in the event through a Web Meeting.

The International Day of Cooperatives was held at Sri Bung further said that there is a need to have Institute of Cooperative Management, Rajendranagar, apprehension about the increase of Carbon-dioxide in Hyderabad on 4th July, 2020. Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, the climate which is causing global warming, detrimental Chairman-Emeritus, hoisted the Cooperative flag on this to the existence of human beings. Worldwide occasion. Sri H.S.K. Tangirala, Director, ICM, Sri Shyam cooperatives should initiate steps to take lead in Kumar, Faculty and other officials have participated in combating this global issue and stand as a global actor of the event through a Web Meeting. The theme of the change and collaborate with their partners This collective Inter national Day of Cooperatives 2020 is effort can significantly impact the climate agenda and COOPERATIVES FOR CLIMATIC ACTION. achieve a fair, green and just transition for all Addressing at the WEBINAR, Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, communities. Many cooperatives at the world level are at the outset conveyed his best wishes to the cooperative collectively fighting on the subject of battling the climatic community on the memorable occasion and stated that changes, Sri Bung added. cooperatives have fostered inclusive and sustainable Sri Tangirala spoke about the farmers community approaches to economic and social development of both involved in agricultural sector who should avail benefits at the country and local level as well. They are expanding of the schemes introduced by Central Government. In their development efforts creatively in the areas of addition to farmers, allied sectors like fisheries, dairies, environment and carbon neutrality. This day is chosen to sheep, floriculture, fruit and vegetable Cooperatives shall support sustainable development goal on climatic action. take benefit of post harvest technologies and The event is focussing on contribution of cooperatives to infrastructure for standardisation of products. Sri combat climatic challenges faced by the planet in this Tangirala advised the processing cooperatives to work for century. environment, avoidance of emissions and wastages. Forbearance alone is charity, truthfulness and sacrifice – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 43 RBI GOVERNOR SHAKTIKANTA

DAS ADDRESS: KEY POINTS higher resiliency in terms of risk absorption capacity. which helped the bank's revival, successfully The profitability of SCBs had also improved during safeguarded the interest of the bank's depositors and the year. The gross and net NPAs of NBFCs stood at ensured financial stability. I wish to compliment the Banks and other financial entities are today at the monetary policy actions of sizable magnitude, using a 6.4 % and 3.2 % as on March 31, 2020 as against 6.1 State Bank of India for providing leadership to this forefront of the country's counter measures against the comprehensive range of policy instruments to % and 3.3 % as on March 31, 2019. Their CRAR initiative. With regard to the Punjab & Maharashtra economic impact of COVID-19. They are the optimize policy traction. The fast-changing declined marginally from 20.1 % to 19.6 % during Co-operative Bank, the RBI is engaged with all transmission channels for RBI's monetary, regulatory macroeconomic environment and the deteriorating 2019-20. stakeholders to find out a workable solution, as losses and other policy measures. They are the outlook for growth necessitated off-cycle meetings of 5.Supervisory and Regulatory Initiatives: An are very high, eroding deposits by more than 50 %. implementation vehicles for the financial backstop the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) – first in March important objective of the RBI's supervisory initiative 7. For NBFCs, active engagement with stakeholders measures announced by the government. The and then again in May 2020. The MPC decided to has been to put in place systems and structures to was useful to identify emerging risks and take prompt outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic is unambiguously cumulatively cut the policy repo rate by 115 basis identify, assess and proactively mitigate or manage action. Considering their increasing size and the worst health and economic crisis in the last 100 points over these two meetings, resulting in a total the vulnerabilities amongst financial institutions. interconnectedness, the RBI has taken steps to years during peace time with unprecedented negative policy rate reduction of 250 basis points since During the last one year, based on the assessment of strengthen the risk management and liquidity consequences for output, jobs and well-being. It has February 2019. events which had the potential to pose a threat to the management framework of NBFCs. As you may be dented the existing world order, global value chains, 3.Liquidity Measures: The conventional and financial stability, the RBI has reorganised its aware, NBFCs with a size of more than Rs 5,000 crore labour and capital movements across globe and unconventional monetary policy and liquidity regulatory and supervisory functions with an have been advised to appoint a functionally needless to say, the socio-economic conditions of measures by the RBI have been aimed at restoring objective of establishing a holistic approach to independent Chief Risk Officer (CRO) with clearly large section of world population. market confidence, alleviating liquidity stress, easing regulation and supervision. The unified approach is specified role and responsibilities. Also, government- The COVID-19 pandemic, perhaps, represents so-far financial conditions, unfreezing credit markets and aimed at addressing the growing size, complexities, owned NBFCs have been brought under the RBI's on- the biggest test of the robustness and resilience of our augmenting the flow of financial resources to those in and inter-connectedness amongst banks and NBFCs. site inspection framework and off-site surveillance. economic and financial system. In the extraordinary need for productive purposes. The broader objective It is also aimed at effectively addressing potential The amendment to the RBI of India Act, 1934 circumstances that we face today, history could was to mitigate risks to the growth outlook while systemic risks that could arise due to possible effective from August 1, 2019 has strengthened the provide us with some useful guidance with respect to preserving financial stability. The liquidity measures supervisory or regulatory arbitrage and information ability of RBI to better regulate and supervise the the role of central banks. Guided by the age-old announced by the RBI since February 2020 aggregate asymmetry. Further, a calibrated approach has been NBFCs. Besides, some large NBFCs and NBFCs with wisdom summarized in Bagehot's dictum that ascribes to about Rs 9.57 lakh crore (equivalent to about 4.7 % designed to provide the required modularity and certain weaknesses are monitored closely on an the role of Lender of Last Resort (LOLR) to the central of 2019-20 nominal GDP). scalability to the supervision function to ensure a ongoing basis. bank, the RBI of India has taken a number of 4. Financial Stability and Developmental Measures: better focus on the risky institutions and practices; to 8. In case of the Urban Co-operative Banks (UCBs), important historic measures to protect our financial Heading into the pandemic, the financial system of deploy appropriate range of tools and technology to special efforts are being made to move towards a risk- system and support the real economy in the current the country was in a much improved position, owing achieve the supervisory objectives; and to enhance based and pro-active supervisory approach to identify crisis. While the eventual success of our policy mainly to various regulatory and supervisory capability to conduct horizontal or thematic studies weaknesses in their operations early. An early warning responses will be known only after some time, they initiatives of the RBI. We had put in place a framework across supervised entities on identified areas of system with a stress-testing framework has been appear to have worked so far. for resolution of stressed assets in addition to concern. As a fulcrum of the calibrated supervisory formed for timely recognition of weak banks for I. Monetary Policy Measures: Monetary policy was implementing multiple measures to strengthen credit approach, the RBI has strengthened its off-site appropriate action. Formation of an 'umbrella already in an accommodative mode before the discipline and to reduce credit concentration. For the surveillance mechanism to identity emerging risks and organization' has been approved to provide liquidity, outbreak of COVID-19, with a cumulative repo rate five years between 2015-16 and 2019-20, the assess the vulnerabilities across the supervised entities capital, IT and capacity building support to UCBs. The cut of 135 basis points between February 2019 and Government had infused a total of Rs 3.08 lakh crore for timely action. We are also working towards exposure limits of the UCBs have been brought down the onset of the pandemic. Reversing the slowdown in in public sector banks (PSBs). As a result of the efforts strengthening the supervisory market intelligence to reduce credit concentration and the priority sector growth momentum was the key rationale for this by both the RBI and the Government, the overhang of capabilities, with the help of both personal and targets have been revised substantially upwards so distinct shift in the stance of monetary policy, even as stressed assets in the banking system had declined and technological intelligence. that UCBs remain focused on their core segment - i.e., unseasonal rains caused temporary spikes in food capital position had improved. As per available 6. Specialised handling of weak institutions at the RBI micro and small borrowers The recent amendments in inflation in the second half of 2019-20. Consistent numbers (some of which are provisional) at this point now helps in closer monitoring and successful the RBI of India Act, 1934 and the Banking Regulation with this policy stance, liquidity conditions were also of time, the overall capital adequacy ratio for resolution of such entities in a non-disruptive manner. Act, 1949 will facilitate our supervision processes with kept in ample surplus all through since June 2019. scheduled commercial banks (SCBs) stood at 14.8 % The timely and successful resolution of Yes Bank is an respect to NBFCs and UCBs, respectively. The lagged impact of these measures was about to as in March 2020, compared to 14.3 % in March example. After exhausting all possible options and 9. Response to the Pandemic: As a part of response to propel a cyclical turnaround in economic activity 2019. The CRAR of PSBs had improved from 12.2 % with a view to safeguard the interest of the depositors the pandemic, the RBI has undertaken a series of when COVID-19 brought with it calamitous misery, in March 2019 to 13.0 % in March 2020. The gross and ensure stability of financial system, we decided to measures which are already in the public domain. endangering both life and livelihood of people. NPA ratio and net NPA ratio of SCBs stood at 8.3 % intervene at an appropriate time when the net worth Besides, the RBI's focus was also to ensure that the 2. Given the uncertainty regarding the evolution of the and 2.9 % in March 2020, compared to 9.1 % and 3.7 of the bank was still positive. The Yes Bank contingency response to COVID-19 was implemented COVID curve, it was absolutely critical to anticipate % as on March 2019, respectively. The Provision reconstruction scheme forged a unique public-private by all regulated entities swiftly to minimise disruptions. the emerging economic risks and take pro-active Coverage Ratio (PCR) improved from 60.5 % in partnership between leading financial entities of Accordingly, right from the onset of the crisis, the March 2019 to 65.4 % in March 2020, indicating India, and it was implemented in a very quick time,

44 Forbearance is an ornament to both men and women – Ramesh Kumar Bung. Reform yourself first before you try to reform others – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 45 RBI GOVERNOR SHAKTIKANTA

44 Forbearance is an ornament to both men and women – Ramesh Kumar Bung. Reform yourself first before you try to reform others – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 45 policy measures were aimed at operational issues, and would require constant regulatory and policy corrective action. signs of getting back to normalcy in response to the in particular, ensuring business continuity and attention to mitigate the risks. The economic impact of 15. To strengthen the internal defences, higher staggered easing of restrictions. It is, however, still unhindered operations of the financial market the pandemic - due to lock-down and anticipated post emphasis is now being given on causes of weaknesses uncertain when supply chains will be restored fully; infrastructure. The RBI activated an elaborate lock-down compression in economic growth - may than on symptoms. The symptoms of weak banks are how long will it take for demand conditions to business continuity plan for its own operations as well result in higher non-performing assets and capital usually poor asset quality, lack of profitability, loss of normalize; and what kind of durable effects the as ensured that banks also activate their own business erosion of banks. A recapitalization plan for PSBs and capital, excessive leverage, excessive risk exposure, pandemic will leave behind on our potential growth. continuity plans. RBI advised all banks on 16th private banks (PVBs) has, therefore, become poor conduct, and liquidity concerns. These different Targeted and comprehensive reform measures March, 2020 to take stock of critical processes and necessary. While the NBFC sector as a whole may still symptoms often emerge together. The causes of weak already announced by the Government should help revisit their Business Continuity Plan (BCP). All look resilient, the redemption pressure on NBFCs and financial institutions can usually be traced to one or in supporting the country's potential growth. Possibly entities were also advised to assess the impact of mutual funds need close monitoring. Mutual funds more of the following conditions: inappropriate in a vastly different post-COVID global environment, COVID-19 on their balance sheet, asset quality and have emerged as major investors in market business model, given the business environment; reallocation of factors of productions within the liquidity, and take immediate contingency measures instruments issued by NBFCs, which is why the poor or inappropriate governance and assurance economy and innovative ways of expanding to manage their risks. development of an adverse feedback loop and the functions; poor decision making by senior economic activity could lead to some rebalancing and 10. As the lock-down has obstructed our on-site associated systemic risk warrants timely and targeted management; and misalignment of internal incentive emergence of new growth drivers The policy supervisory examination to an extent, we are further policy interventions. Increasing share of bank lending structures with external stakeholder interests. measures, i.e., monetary, fiscal, regulatory and to NBFCs and the continuing crunch in market-based structural reforms, provide the enabling conditions for enhancing our off-site surveillance mechanism. The 16. We are placing special emphasis on the financing faced by the NBFCs and Housing Finance a speedier recovery in economy activity while objective of the off-site surveillance system would be assessment of business model, governance and Companies (HFCs) also need to be watched carefully. minimizing near-term disruptions. to 'smell the distress', if any, and be able to initiate pre- assurance functions (compliance, risk management emptive actions. This requires use of market 13. The global financial crisis of 2008-09 and the and internal audit functions), as these have been the 18. The need of the hour is to restore confidence, intelligence inputs and on-going engagements with COVID-19 pandemic have dispelled the notion that areas of heightened supervisory concern. Supervised preserve financial stability, revive growth and recover financial institutions on potential vulnerabilities. The tail risks to the financial system will materialize only entities generally tend to focus more on business stronger. At the central bank, we strive to maintain the off-site assessment framework, which takes into rarely. The probability distribution of risk events has aspects even to the detriment of governance aspects balance between preserving financial stability, account macro and micro variables, is more analytical much fatter tails than we think. Shocks to the financial and assurance functions. There was also an apparent maintaining banking system soundness and and forward looking and aimed at identifying system dubbed as 'once in a lifetime events' seem to be disconnect between their articulated business strategy sustaining economic activity. Post containment of vulnerable sectors, borrowers as well as supervised more frequent than even 'once in a decade'. and actual business operations. The thrust of the COVID-19, a very careful trajectory has to be followed entities. Accordingly, the minimum capital requirements of approach, therefore is, to improve the risk, in orderly unwinding of counter-cyclical regulatory 11. While the multipronged approach adopted by the banks, which are calibrated based on historical loss compliance, and governance culture amongst the measures and the financial sector should return to RBI has provided a cushion from the immediate events, may no longer be considered sufficient financial institutions. In this regard, the RBI has normal functioning without relying on the regulatory impact of the pandemic on banks, the medium-term enough to absorb the losses. Meeting the minimum released a discussion paper on “Governance in relaxations as the new norm. The RBI is making outlook is uncertain and depends on the COVID-19 capital requirement is necessary, but not a sufficient Commercial Banks in India” with the objective to align continuous assessment of the changing trajectory of curve. Policy action for the medium-term would condition for financial stability. Hence, it is imperative the current regulatory framework with global best financial stability risks and upgrading its own require a careful assessment of how the crisis unfolds. that the approach to risk management in banks should practices while being mindful of the context of the supervisory framework to ensure that financial Building buffers and raising capital will be crucial not be in tune with the realisation of more frequent, varied domestic financial system. The main emphasis of the stability is preserved. Banks and financial only to ensure credit flow but also to build resilience in and bigger risk events than in the past. Banks have to discussion paper is to encourage separation of intermediaries have to be ever vigilant and the financial system. We have recently (19th June and remember the old saying that care and diligence bring ownership from management - while owners focus on substantially upgrade their capabilities with respect to 1st July, 2020) advised all banks, non-deposit taking luck. To paraphrase Oscar Wilde, being caught the return on their investment, the management governance, assurance functions and risk culture. NBFCs (with an asset size of Rs 5,000 crore) and all unprepared in the face of a shock may be regarded as should focus on protecting the interest of all 19. It is true that the pandemic poses a challenge of deposit-taking NBFCs to assess the impact of COVID- a misfortune, but to be caught unawares more than stakeholders The Board, on its part, should set the epic proportions; however, human grit - manifesting 19 on their balance sheet, asset quality, liquidity, once may be a sign of carelessness. culture and values of the organization; recognise and through collective efforts, intelligent choices, and profitability and capital adequacy for the financial 14. Notwithstanding the numerous steps already manage conflicts of interest; set the appetite for risk innovation - will tremendously help us to come out of year 2020-21. Based on the outcome of such stress taken, there is always room for improvement to and manage risks within that appetite; exercise the present crisis. Mahatma Gandhi had said, “…the testing, banks and non-banking financial companies address several issues that may emerge in the medium oversight of senior management; and empower the future depends on what you do today”. The RBI has have been advised to work out possible mitigating to long-term. These issues are as common to NBFCs oversight and assurance functions through various taken currently to combat this unprecedented measures including capital planning, capital raising, and other financial intermediaries as they are to interventions. The RBI will extend these principles of situation. These will complement the measures and contingency liquidity planning, among others banks. The supervisory approach of the RBI is to good governance to large-sized NBFCs in due course. undertaken by the Government in achieving our The idea is to ensure continued credit supply to further strengthen its focus on developing financial 17. The Way Forward: Despite the substantial impact policy objectives. Along with the tireless efforts of different sectors of the economy and maintain institutions' ability to identify, measure, and mitigate of pandemic in our daily lives, the financial system of thousands of people and the undying spirit of our financial stability. the risks. The new supervisory approach will be two- the country, including all the payment systems and populace, these policy actions will yield desired 12. Major Challenges: Going forward, there are pronged - first, strengthening the internal defences of financial markets, are functioning without any results. These trying times will only strengthen world's certain stress points in the financial system, which the supervised entities; and second, greater focus on hindrance. The Indian economy has started showing faith in the resilience of our economy. identifying the early warning signals and initiate

46 Cultivate silence; enter the silence – Ramesh Kumar Bung. Discipline the body and mind – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 47 policy measures were aimed at operational issues, and would require constant regulatory and policy corrective action. signs of getting back to normalcy in response to the in particular, ensuring business continuity and attention to mitigate the risks. The economic impact of 15. To strengthen the internal defences, higher staggered easing of restrictions. It is, however, still unhindered operations of the financial market the pandemic - due to lock-down and anticipated post emphasis is now being given on causes of weaknesses uncertain when supply chains will be restored fully; infrastructure. The RBI activated an elaborate lock-down compression in economic growth - may than on symptoms. The symptoms of weak banks are how long will it take for demand conditions to business continuity plan for its own operations as well result in higher non-performing assets and capital usually poor asset quality, lack of profitability, loss of normalize; and what kind of durable effects the as ensured that banks also activate their own business erosion of banks. A recapitalization plan for PSBs and capital, excessive leverage, excessive risk exposure, pandemic will leave behind on our potential growth. continuity plans. RBI advised all banks on 16th private banks (PVBs) has, therefore, become poor conduct, and liquidity concerns. These different Targeted and comprehensive reform measures March, 2020 to take stock of critical processes and necessary. While the NBFC sector as a whole may still symptoms often emerge together. The causes of weak already announced by the Government should help revisit their Business Continuity Plan (BCP). All look resilient, the redemption pressure on NBFCs and financial institutions can usually be traced to one or in supporting the country's potential growth. Possibly entities were also advised to assess the impact of mutual funds need close monitoring. Mutual funds more of the following conditions: inappropriate in a vastly different post-COVID global environment, COVID-19 on their balance sheet, asset quality and have emerged as major investors in market business model, given the business environment; reallocation of factors of productions within the liquidity, and take immediate contingency measures instruments issued by NBFCs, which is why the poor or inappropriate governance and assurance economy and innovative ways of expanding to manage their risks. development of an adverse feedback loop and the functions; poor decision making by senior economic activity could lead to some rebalancing and 10. As the lock-down has obstructed our on-site associated systemic risk warrants timely and targeted management; and misalignment of internal incentive emergence of new growth drivers The policy supervisory examination to an extent, we are further policy interventions. Increasing share of bank lending structures with external stakeholder interests. measures, i.e., monetary, fiscal, regulatory and to NBFCs and the continuing crunch in market-based structural reforms, provide the enabling conditions for enhancing our off-site surveillance mechanism. The 16. We are placing special emphasis on the financing faced by the NBFCs and Housing Finance a speedier recovery in economy activity while objective of the off-site surveillance system would be assessment of business model, governance and Companies (HFCs) also need to be watched carefully. minimizing near-term disruptions. to 'smell the distress', if any, and be able to initiate pre- assurance functions (compliance, risk management emptive actions. This requires use of market 13. The global financial crisis of 2008-09 and the and internal audit functions), as these have been the 18. The need of the hour is to restore confidence, intelligence inputs and on-going engagements with COVID-19 pandemic have dispelled the notion that areas of heightened supervisory concern. Supervised preserve financial stability, revive growth and recover financial institutions on potential vulnerabilities. The tail risks to the financial system will materialize only entities generally tend to focus more on business stronger. At the central bank, we strive to maintain the off-site assessment framework, which takes into rarely. The probability distribution of risk events has aspects even to the detriment of governance aspects balance between preserving financial stability, account macro and micro variables, is more analytical much fatter tails than we think. Shocks to the financial and assurance functions. There was also an apparent maintaining banking system soundness and and forward looking and aimed at identifying system dubbed as 'once in a lifetime events' seem to be disconnect between their articulated business strategy sustaining economic activity. Post containment of vulnerable sectors, borrowers as well as supervised more frequent than even 'once in a decade'. and actual business operations. The thrust of the COVID-19, a very careful trajectory has to be followed entities. Accordingly, the minimum capital requirements of approach, therefore is, to improve the risk, in orderly unwinding of counter-cyclical regulatory 11. While the multipronged approach adopted by the banks, which are calibrated based on historical loss compliance, and governance culture amongst the measures and the financial sector should return to RBI has provided a cushion from the immediate events, may no longer be considered sufficient financial institutions. In this regard, the RBI has normal functioning without relying on the regulatory impact of the pandemic on banks, the medium-term enough to absorb the losses. Meeting the minimum released a discussion paper on “Governance in relaxations as the new norm. The RBI is making outlook is uncertain and depends on the COVID-19 capital requirement is necessary, but not a sufficient Commercial Banks in India” with the objective to align continuous assessment of the changing trajectory of curve. Policy action for the medium-term would condition for financial stability. Hence, it is imperative the current regulatory framework with global best financial stability risks and upgrading its own require a careful assessment of how the crisis unfolds. that the approach to risk management in banks should practices while being mindful of the context of the supervisory framework to ensure that financial Building buffers and raising capital will be crucial not be in tune with the realisation of more frequent, varied domestic financial system. The main emphasis of the stability is preserved. Banks and financial only to ensure credit flow but also to build resilience in and bigger risk events than in the past. Banks have to discussion paper is to encourage separation of intermediaries have to be ever vigilant and the financial system. We have recently (19th June and remember the old saying that care and diligence bring ownership from management - while owners focus on substantially upgrade their capabilities with respect to 1st July, 2020) advised all banks, non-deposit taking luck. To paraphrase Oscar Wilde, being caught the return on their investment, the management governance, assurance functions and risk culture. NBFCs (with an asset size of Rs 5,000 crore) and all unprepared in the face of a shock may be regarded as should focus on protecting the interest of all 19. It is true that the pandemic poses a challenge of deposit-taking NBFCs to assess the impact of COVID- a misfortune, but to be caught unawares more than stakeholders The Board, on its part, should set the epic proportions; however, human grit - manifesting 19 on their balance sheet, asset quality, liquidity, once may be a sign of carelessness. culture and values of the organization; recognise and through collective efforts, intelligent choices, and profitability and capital adequacy for the financial 14. Notwithstanding the numerous steps already manage conflicts of interest; set the appetite for risk innovation - will tremendously help us to come out of year 2020-21. Based on the outcome of such stress taken, there is always room for improvement to and manage risks within that appetite; exercise the present crisis. Mahatma Gandhi had said, “…the testing, banks and non-banking financial companies address several issues that may emerge in the medium oversight of senior management; and empower the future depends on what you do today”. The RBI has have been advised to work out possible mitigating to long-term. These issues are as common to NBFCs oversight and assurance functions through various taken currently to combat this unprecedented measures including capital planning, capital raising, and other financial intermediaries as they are to interventions. The RBI will extend these principles of situation. These will complement the measures and contingency liquidity planning, among others banks. The supervisory approach of the RBI is to good governance to large-sized NBFCs in due course. undertaken by the Government in achieving our The idea is to ensure continued credit supply to further strengthen its focus on developing financial 17. The Way Forward: Despite the substantial impact policy objectives. Along with the tireless efforts of different sectors of the economy and maintain institutions' ability to identify, measure, and mitigate of pandemic in our daily lives, the financial system of thousands of people and the undying spirit of our financial stability. the risks. The new supervisory approach will be two- the country, including all the payment systems and populace, these policy actions will yield desired 12. Major Challenges: Going forward, there are pronged - first, strengthening the internal defences of financial markets, are functioning without any results. These trying times will only strengthen world's certain stress points in the financial system, which the supervised entities; and second, greater focus on hindrance. The Indian economy has started showing faith in the resilience of our economy. identifying the early warning signals and initiate

46 Cultivate silence; enter the silence – Ramesh Kumar Bung. Discipline the body and mind – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 47 BE THE CHANGE PLASTIC, THE POLLUTANT YOU WANT TO SEE

According to Nas Daily, 300 million tons of plastic are 50% of the plastic we use is single use or disposable. There was this father. I know you've heard it but puts SALAM HYDERABAD produced each year and 50% of that is for single-use We buy 1 million plastic bottles every minute. In the in context. There was this father who, always used to L A N G A R H O U Z as is the case with bottles. Plastic has become one of last decade, we produced more plastic than in the come home and read the newspaper, which was his the worst pollutant problems in the world. The plastic whole of the last century. habit, and that day also he was reading the waste fills garbage dumps, slums, city streets, beaches, PLASTIC, PLASTIC EVERYWHERE! Plastic Soup: It newspaper, and his little daughter kept on telling, rivers, our forests and increasingly larger areas of our has been estimated that 8 million metric tons of the “Dad, play with me, Dad play with me!”, and her oceans. We use them once for a few minutes and plastic that goes to waste is dumped into our oceans father wanted to know what are the scandal in the throw them away. It causes major harm to our every year – which is equivalent to a full garbage truck world, he was very focused on that. You know, environment, our wildlife, our marine life and even to of plastic being dumped into the ocean every minute. children are very adamant, and the child won't give humans. Single-use plastic is a huge problem. Plastic water bottles are snack-food packing have up. Some truths: We currently recover only 5% of the even been found in the deepest parts of the oceans, at And the father came up with a moment of brilliance plastics we produce. 50% of the plastic we use were depths of nearly 11000 meters It is expected that and he saw a full-page advertisement of a world map used just once and threw away like waste papers It mankind will be making plastic four times as much by printed there, of an international courier company takes 500 to 1000 years for plastic to degrade. 2050 – yet only about 5% of plastic is currently about where all they deliver it. So, he tore that entire Virtually, every piece of plastic that was ever made still recycled. Micro-plastics have been found in the guts of sheet of paper, tore it into multiple pieces, scattered it Langer Houz is one of the oldest suburbs in exists in some shape or form (with the exception of it marine mammals, sea turtle hatchlings, and humans all over the floor, and told the child, “Dear, this is your Hyderabad that belonged to the Qutub Shahi era. It is has been incinerated). around the globe. jigsaw puzzle. Assemble the world map properly, and located near Golconda. It is a major commercial The production of plastic The Way Forward: There then I will play with you.”, and he continued to read centre for some villages on that part of the city. The uses around 8% of the is a movement to go the newspaper. In less than ten minutes, the child got place has an interesting story related to its existence world's oil production against plastic usage. On the entire world map right. which has been doing round for a very long time. And (bio-plastics are not a August 15, 2019, India's The father looked at it, and he was stunned. He knew in the recent times the place has surely changed but it good solution as they PM called upon the he could have never done that. Looking at his are these old traditions that give the place the lost re q u i re f o o d s o u rc e citizens to stop single-use expression of shock, it seems the child said, “Dad, I glory. crops). Plastic constitutes plastic. How can it done? know why you're looking so shocked, but when you Regarding the commencement of the Langer, it is well approximately 90% of all Avoid it totally. Go for the were tearing it, Dad, I saw there was a face of a man on known that once Abdulla Qutub Shah riding on the trash floating on the alternate resources and the other side. Dad, I don't know where New Zealand elephant known as Murat went for recreation to the ocean's surface, with methods. Couple of such should be, where Canada should be, where India Musi River. On that day, the river was in spate. The 46000 plastic per square new methods are- should be, where America should be. But Dad, I know elephant was frightened by the flow of the river and mile. Billions of tons of where nose should be, where forehead should be, Plastic-free supermarkets: turned towards forest. For three days wandered in the plastic can be found in where ears should be”. forest. Hayat Bakshi Begum, the mother of Qutub Show that not using swirling convergences in And it seems the child said, “Dad, I got the man right, Shah with motherly affection, arranged to hang tiffin plastic perfectly possible. the oceans making up the world became right”. One, instead of going on on all the trees where the elephant was wandering. Dutch supermarket chain about 40% of the world's thinking about what is not right in the world, and who She also vowed that a gold waist band of his size, and Ekoplaza opened the plastic free shop in 2018. One of ocean surfaces. 80% of pollution enters the ocean is not right in the world. If whatever limited time that all would distribute alms among all beggars the new inspiring new technologies is natural from the land. 46% of plastic float and it can drift for of us have in this lifespan, if that entire energy can be It was after this, the elephant entered the fort and branding, a technique in which lasers are used to years before eventually concentrating in the ocean focused on getting ourselves right, you get yourself Abdullah Qutub Shah was descended safely. make vegetables and fruit in lieu of plastic stickers Gyres. right. Let her get herself right. Let him get himself right. Immediately, as promised, the queen made the gold Plastic free supermarkets are also popping up here And one at a time, we can get the world right. waist band of his size and cut that into pieces and Plastic in the ocean breaks down into small pieces of and there and are showing the big chains the way to Rather than only thinking that this is not okay in this distributed among the people along with food. It was plastic from a one litre bottle could end up on every 2 follow. Other people show us how to live with zero country, that is not okay in this country, and hence I with this incident, every year Langer was taken out km of beach throughout the world. Plastic chemicals waste. The machines that can add the laser brand will go and settle in whichever country is okay. Every with great pomp which gave the locality name Langer can be absorbed by the body – 93% of Americans marks are getting cheaper, smaller, and better every Houze. aged 6 or older test positive for BPA (a plastic country has its own share of challenges. Just because year. This means that they are becoming more viable Langer means a chain used to tether an elephant and chemical). Some of these plastic compounds have the neighbouring aunty looks very beautiful, she for increasing numbers of products. golden langer was donated to a Muslim recluse by the been found to alter hormones or cause other health cannot become my mother. My mother only is my Natural branding is the technique in which lasers are Queen, as per a second version. Later, this langer was hazards. mother. And I have certain responsibilities towards it. used to mark fruit and vegetables by burning a little While there will always be a generation which will feel, cut into smaller pieces and distributed among various Global Statistics: Plastic accounts for about 10% of all pigment away from the outermost layer of the skin. India is not okay, so I'll go and settle in a country which Muslim holy men. This was carried out every year on of the waste that the world generates. Every year, the fifth day of Muharram as Langer Procession and Y. Uma Prasanna I feel is better for me. I think if a few of us can say, India world uses up to 500 billion plastic bags. Each year, at not being okay is the very context for me to be a during the seventh Nizams the tradition of taking Ramanthapur Branch Langer procession came to an end due to unknown least 8 million tons of plastic end up in the ocean- responsible citizen, I will make it okay. reasons. equivalent to a full garbage truckload every minute. Praveen Kumar Agarwal Chintal Branch Purshotamdas Mandhana 48 Remove tension; abandon fear and worry – Ramesh Kumar Bung. All change implies motion – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 49 BE THE CHANGE PLASTIC, THE POLLUTANT YOU WANT TO SEE

In India as well as world banking system is the core of Thus, CRM is a managerial philosophy that seeks to the customer and relative importance of each of these 2) 4 C's of customer focused solutions: Many all financial activities including lending and depositing build long term relationships with customers CRM can benefits to the customer are measured under some successful banks looking to grow in commoditized money, providing loans to institutions and private be defined as the development and maintenance of circumstances. Some of the approaches adopted by market place to offer a better customer solutions and it players and institutions. In today's competitive mutually beneficial long-term relationships with the banks to evaluate the perceived value of the may also bring significant changes in all the area to scenario, companies pursuit for consumers to satisfy strategically significant customers It is the customers are: deliver the real solutions to develop CRM. The 4 C's them in every respect and offer them the best establishment, development, maintenance and 1) Value - in use: The value of the customers can be are Co-ordination, cooperation, capability and services.” Customer is everything “is the new optimisation of long term mutually valuable evaluated based on the current product and service. Connection. realization of every profit – making company because relationships between consumers and the This estimates the economic impact of the customers a. Co-ordination: Is to deliver customer focused they are the revenue and profits. This helps to organisations. Successful customer relationship 2) Direct customer response: Banks estimates how the solution banks need to adopt a mechanism of understand the concept and meaning of CRM, current management focuses on understanding the needs customers react when their expectations are not customer – related information sharing, attending scenario in Indian Banking System and also enables and desires of the customers and is achieved by fulfilled. queries and involving them in decision – making. the researcher to know the steps involved in placing these needs at the heart of the business by 3) Indirect customer response: Here many banks are b. Co-operation: Here the banks develop Metrics to implementation of CRM in Banking Sector. This also integrating them with the organization's strategy, doing marketing research to estimate perceived value measure the customer satisfaction and incentives that tries to identify the factors influencing the Customer people, technology and business processes. for their products or services. reward the cost focused on behaviors should get the Relationship Management practices (CRM) in Bank. An Overview of CRM Practices in Banks: Innovative 4) Subjective estimation: If statistical techniques are authority to act on their behalf. Introduction: CRM means different things to different strategies for distributing and delivering services not feasible the approach which can be adopted is the c. Capability: When the banks delivering cost focused people. Scholars and practitioners defined this ensure a better competitive advantage. Some of the subjective approach. solutions it required at least some customers to have 2 concept of CRM in different senses and different noteworthy ones, banks until a decade ago, was brisk Measures undertaken by the banks to maintain CRM: kinds of generalist skill. They are multi domain skill perspectives. Hence, many attempts have been made and mortar institutions that usually allow the customer The satisfied customers are central to optimal and boundary spanning skill i.e. the experience with to define CRM in domain of philosophy, process, to conduct their banking needs between 10 am and 2 performance and financial returns customers are in service along with deep knowledge of customers need technology and capability. Customer relationship p.m. but now philanthropy of initiative have groups whose satisfaction must be incorporated in is called Multi domain skill. d. Ability to transverse management is a relatively new and innovative transformed the distribution and delivery of banking strategic planning efforts. Banks can determine the internal boundaries i.e. they should have the practice in marketing which has replaced many services. Banks like ICICI extended their banking actions to meet the customer needs and they follow knowledge of investment and should set clear path it is traditional concepts of marketing by focusing and transactions from 8 am to 8 p.m. the mode of CRM measurement to promote and stimulate known as boundary spanning skill. This should be catering to individual needs and offering them tailor transaction are i) improvements in the working environment. In such developed to eradicate conflicts in the minds of the made products and services. Hence, now-a-days Internet ii) Telephone iii) ATM iv) Call bank's situation the bankers has to work hard to capitalize on customers CRM has overtaken the market and going to put a representative home. The noteworthy is that by the emotional aspect of their customers to feel e. Connection: Many banks work together based on revolutionary change in the market that brings a hope enabling customers more convenience the banks has comfortable and at ease and not intimidated. To mergers and acquisitions in order to connect and of entirely different and new future for marketers not only won the heart of customers ,but also influence the customer emotionally; the bankers has resolve the perceived conflicts arise to customers and Simply CRM can be defined as attracting maintaining technology enabled automated systems (like ATM's to focus on the following basics. to look after the core activities. and enhancing customers' relations. Customer Internet) have resulted in lesser Transaction cost of To identify the “most valuable customer segments in 3) Offer contractual Safeguards: The safeguards such relationship management is one of the strategies to Banks. Some Indian banks and PSBs (public sector the market – To generate ROI on customer as guarantees, warranties and other explicit promises manage customer as it focuses on understanding banks) were driven for a long period by the fulfilment relationship management and to maintain sustainable need to trust the behaviour of the customers to customers as individuals instead of as part of a group. of services objectives. This highlights how Banks are competitive advantage in the long run To identify maintain their relationships, for example, the value of CRM manages the relationships between a firm and implementing various processes for the benefit of “The key drivers “of customer relationships – which an investment in X Years' time are not common as its customers To understand more in customer customers It also focuses on how banks render their practices towards the right track of maximizing ROI such outcomes are determined by the factors such as relationship management, we first need to understand service to attract and retain their customers The Monitoring Customer relationship: Banks cannot service, distribution etc., whenever the inconsistency three components which are customer, relationship current practices of Indian banking industries vary in achieve optimal customer relationship within short arises customers should feel that they would be and their management. Managing customer terms of purchasing power and income. Due to this duration because competition is keep changing this compensated or will be made aware of coercive relationships is important and valuable to the some banks and financial institutions undertake a helps the banks to trace out the performance of CRM. action. business. Today, many businesses such as banks, thorough research and apply their results beneficially Customers are the real employer. 4 C's of customer 4) Build customer Confidence: An act of trust occurs insurance companies, and other service providers how CRM is accepted as the current marketing focused solutions: Offer contractual Safeguards; Build when the customers has confidence that the banks will realize the importance of Customer Relationship strategy and put into practice properly. The life time customer Confidence; Emphasize Competence; honour its promises. Confidence can be derived from Management and its potential to help them acquire values of customers are tur ning towards Communication; Commitment to the customer; various sources like previous satisfying experience will new customers retain existing ones and maximize implementing the CRM in their Banks. Perceived Conflicts reduces the risk and increases trust. Recommendation their lifetime value. More often, managers always Customer information is used to identify and select 1) Customers are the real employer: Real customers based experiences 'word of mouth, good publicity, make mistakes by seeing customers' satisfaction from target markets and to position the product or service may become pigments of the collective imagination it and advertising from credible sources can increase the their eye not from customers' eye. Banking sector is a suitably. There are 4 components that determine the means the undifferentiated mass in selling to a lowest relationship between banks and customers customer-oriented service where the customer is the perceived value of the customers such as benefits of common denominator at the lowest possible price. It 5) Emphasize Competence: Competence is ability to KEY focus. Customer Relationship Management the products and services is compared with means the banks tie–up their serving with internal provide quality products and services and to offer includes all the marketing activities. competitions. Performance benefits as perceived by customers technical knowledge from its bank staffs. Not only that

50 Change is growth and growth is change – Ramesh Kumar Bung. Knowledge without conduct is deplorable – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 51 CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT IN BANKING SECTOR

50 Change is growth and growth is change – Ramesh Kumar Bung. Knowledge without conduct is deplorable – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 51 India Records understanding the customer's requirements and able 10) Reshaping the delivery Mechanism: With delivery system to customers along the supply chain to meet out accordingly. The banks should check the dramatic transformation of the banking sector; banks and diversify into wider financial arena. In order to records of customers are accurate; databases are will have to be more careful while they reshape their increase the customer satisfaction and customer Trade Surplus updated on various transactions. Thus the customers product profile to attract more customers New relationship they have plans to foray into insurance evaluate the banks standards and competency. products will have to be more customers – oriented and may launch a brokerage arm and positive 6) Communication: It is an exchange of information –many of them are demanding complex banking custodial service. in Over 10 Years w h i c h b u i l d s s t r o n g t r u s t a n d re l a t i o n . solutions to their problems of investments and fund In a competitive environment, the Banks should Communication means developing a shared transfers under the same roof. Banks have an adopt suitable marketing skills rather than depending understanding of relationship and is achieved by opportunity to develop products with the help of on the trading skills. Hence, new services should be amid COVID-19 keeping an open dialogue with customers, hearing modern technology and offering technology based constantly introduced to ensure the growth of the complaints and acting on them, keeping customers services. Indian banking system is also gearing up to Banks and to be competitive in the market and to keep informed of changes will retain the relationship serve better for rural peoples the Self-help groups up the enthusiasm of the employees and customers forever. (SHG's) in the big way in the coming years CRM can etc. The ultimate aim of the CRM practices is to make 7) Commitment to the customer: It can be exhibited in be improved by structuring the rural credit delivery the customer retention and customer loyal. This study Even though both exports and imports were deep in number of ways like adjusting products to meet the system for social purposes will have to be redesigned shows that if customers are satisfied and personnel are the red due to the COVID-19 pandemic, official data requirements of the customers or by investing in the to cater the multiple needs of self-help groups both in experienced and knowledgeable then also it would showed that India emerged as a net exporter in June. relationship. Commitment clearly shows customers rural and urban areas. not be able to make its customers loyal. To make the As per the data, the country recorded a trade surplus that they are being put first and is a key manifestation 11) Effectiveness of CRM: The essence of CRM in customers loyal bank should do the following of $0.79 billion in June as against a deficit of $15.28 of a product– orientation. banking is to offer the right product at the right time practices: billion during the like period of 2019. "This is the first 8) Perceived Conflicts: The conflict is inherent in through a proper delivery channel. The major a. Anticipate and understand the needs and time in the last decade that India is a net exporter," the banks services –customer relationship. The issue, challenges of banks are what drive the growth of CRM requirement of the customers and then offer them Ministry of Commerce and Industry said in a however, is how the institutions deal with conflicts as at Banks? According to experts the first and dominant products and services. statement. they arise. Some anticipated conflicts may be reason is to increase consumerism. b. Provide them personal attention and care while Accordingly, the contraction in India's exports eased protected by safeguards. Many banks encourage their Ÿ Firstly, people have forgotten into the habit of serving them. in June, as merchandise exports stood at $21.91 customers to make use of their contacts to develop spending a bid to better life style. c. Effective grievance handling system and billion. The contraction caused by COVID-19 their relations. Perceived conflicts can be reduced by Ÿ Secondly, the reason for the phenomenal growth empathetic vision towards the customers pandemic narrowed down to (-) 12.41 % in June on a year-on-year basis from a (-) 36 % fall reported in improving both quantity and quality of information. It was using of debit cards and credit cards in past 3 d. Better service quality than competitors May. On a YoY basis, the country's exports fell during can results in customers who are aware and better years are the intensifying competition. e. Attention to the customers etc. the month under review to $21.91 billion from $25.01 educated by way of advice to handle the situation Ÿ Banks are installing increasing numbers of point of f. Positive behaviour of the staff and friendly billion reported for the corresponding period of the ease. sale (POS) terminals (electronic data capture cooperation in enquiry counter. previous year. 9) CRM Strategy: Many banks and financial swipe machine for accepting debit and credit g. Timely interaction and communication with the In terms of sequential movement, the country's companies build customer care culture in their Payments) which makes customer easier. customers etc. Ÿ merchandise exports in May stood at $10.36 billion. internal customers, so this customer care becomes Banks are managing customer relationships by h. Developing innovative products and services for part of their integral functional process. Today improving compliant management initiatives i.e.; "Major commodity groups which have recorded the customers to offer them differentiate services than positive growth during June 2020 vis-a-vis June 2019 customers are demanding and knowledgeable. So by giving Toll free customer care numbers makes competitors instead of trying to maximize profit from each them to clarify their queries. are iron ore, oil seeds, rice, oil meal, spices, other i. Implement a Customer Centric Process in Banks. cereals, organic and inorganic chemicals, cereals transaction the banks can focus to maximize the Banks retain their customers by offering personalized j. Employee Relationship Management first before preparations and miscellaneous processed items, lifetime value of the customers Some banks adopted services through single window system approach. Customer Relationship Management. fruits and vegetables, drugs and pharmaceuticals, CRM strategy to build long term relationship. Here are They have to open more opportunities to offer cross k. Increase customer experience through the web site. tobacco and coffee," the statement said. According to six steps followed by banks: selling of facilities. Many banks are already working on l. Proper training should be given to the bank the data, the non-petroleum and non-gems and a. Keep updating the customer profile. it, but still they have to go a long way. Banks are also personnel regarding the behavioural patterns by the jewellery exports in June were $18.48 billion, as b. Approach them with a mix of innovative categorizing their customers in various segments like Banks before they come and work in the field. compared to $19.15 billion in June 2019, exhibiting a products/service, customer care and growth personal finance, business finance and corporate m. More importance should be given to handling negative growth of (-) 3.51 %. opportunities. partly in order to implement more pragmatic CRM online transaction and using m – commerce and However, the country's imports declined at a far c. Cover them by educating IT architecture to feed system. Some banks are also developing universal mobile banking services. higher rate than exports in June. India's June imports their aspirations. banking systems and converting themselves into n. It should be realized that customer relation cannot declined by (-) 47.59 % to $21.11 billion from $40.29 d. Boldly choose the target customers for the first financial supermarkets capable of dispensing various be built overnight. CRM should be considered as billion reported for the corresponding month of 2019. wave of CRM. services including insurance. Some banks Continuous Relationship Management. In May, imports had declined by 51.05 % to $22.20 e. Rank or cluster them in accordance of costs, transformed themselves into this system with greater Mahesh Bung billion from $45.35 billion reported for the revenue, profit potential and relationship intention. focus on the delivery of products and services. Even Asst. General Manager corresponding month of 2019. f. Calculate the lifecycle value of your customers UTI planned to concentrate on its rural expansion, 52 Endeavour always to excel – Ramesh Kumar Bung. Humility is the source of all virtues – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 53 India Records understanding the customer's requirements and able 10) Reshaping the delivery Mechanism: With delivery system to customers along the supply chain to meet out accordingly. The banks should check the dramatic transformation of the banking sector; banks and diversify into wider financial arena. In order to records of customers are accurate; databases are will have to be more careful while they reshape their increase the customer satisfaction and customer Trade Surplus updated on various transactions. Thus the customers product profile to attract more customers New relationship they have plans to foray into insurance evaluate the banks standards and competency. products will have to be more customers – oriented and may launch a brokerage arm and positive 6) Communication: It is an exchange of information –many of them are demanding complex banking custodial service. in Over 10 Years w h i c h b u i l d s s t r o n g t r u s t a n d re l a t i o n . solutions to their problems of investments and fund In a competitive environment, the Banks should Communication means developing a shared transfers under the same roof. Banks have an adopt suitable marketing skills rather than depending understanding of relationship and is achieved by opportunity to develop products with the help of on the trading skills. Hence, new services should be amid COVID-19 keeping an open dialogue with customers, hearing modern technology and offering technology based constantly introduced to ensure the growth of the complaints and acting on them, keeping customers services. Indian banking system is also gearing up to Banks and to be competitive in the market and to keep informed of changes will retain the relationship serve better for rural peoples the Self-help groups up the enthusiasm of the employees and customers forever. (SHG's) in the big way in the coming years CRM can etc. The ultimate aim of the CRM practices is to make 7) Commitment to the customer: It can be exhibited in be improved by structuring the rural credit delivery the customer retention and customer loyal. This study Even though both exports and imports were deep in number of ways like adjusting products to meet the system for social purposes will have to be redesigned shows that if customers are satisfied and personnel are the red due to the COVID-19 pandemic, official data requirements of the customers or by investing in the to cater the multiple needs of self-help groups both in experienced and knowledgeable then also it would showed that India emerged as a net exporter in June. relationship. Commitment clearly shows customers rural and urban areas. not be able to make its customers loyal. To make the As per the data, the country recorded a trade surplus that they are being put first and is a key manifestation 11) Effectiveness of CRM: The essence of CRM in customers loyal bank should do the following of $0.79 billion in June as against a deficit of $15.28 of a product– orientation. banking is to offer the right product at the right time practices: billion during the like period of 2019. "This is the first 8) Perceived Conflicts: The conflict is inherent in through a proper delivery channel. The major a. Anticipate and understand the needs and time in the last decade that India is a net exporter," the banks services –customer relationship. The issue, challenges of banks are what drive the growth of CRM requirement of the customers and then offer them Ministry of Commerce and Industry said in a however, is how the institutions deal with conflicts as at Banks? According to experts the first and dominant products and services. statement. they arise. Some anticipated conflicts may be reason is to increase consumerism. b. Provide them personal attention and care while Accordingly, the contraction in India's exports eased protected by safeguards. Many banks encourage their Ÿ Firstly, people have forgotten into the habit of serving them. in June, as merchandise exports stood at $21.91 customers to make use of their contacts to develop spending a bid to better life style. c. Effective grievance handling system and billion. The contraction caused by COVID-19 their relations. Perceived conflicts can be reduced by Ÿ Secondly, the reason for the phenomenal growth empathetic vision towards the customers pandemic narrowed down to (-) 12.41 % in June on a year-on-year basis from a (-) 36 % fall reported in improving both quantity and quality of information. It was using of debit cards and credit cards in past 3 d. Better service quality than competitors May. On a YoY basis, the country's exports fell during can results in customers who are aware and better years are the intensifying competition. e. Attention to the customers etc. the month under review to $21.91 billion from $25.01 educated by way of advice to handle the situation Ÿ Banks are installing increasing numbers of point of f. Positive behaviour of the staff and friendly billion reported for the corresponding period of the ease. sale (POS) terminals (electronic data capture cooperation in enquiry counter. previous year. 9) CRM Strategy: Many banks and financial swipe machine for accepting debit and credit g. Timely interaction and communication with the In terms of sequential movement, the country's companies build customer care culture in their Payments) which makes customer easier. customers etc. Ÿ merchandise exports in May stood at $10.36 billion. internal customers, so this customer care becomes Banks are managing customer relationships by h. Developing innovative products and services for part of their integral functional process. Today improving compliant management initiatives i.e.; "Major commodity groups which have recorded the customers to offer them differentiate services than positive growth during June 2020 vis-a-vis June 2019 customers are demanding and knowledgeable. So by giving Toll free customer care numbers makes competitors instead of trying to maximize profit from each them to clarify their queries. are iron ore, oil seeds, rice, oil meal, spices, other i. Implement a Customer Centric Process in Banks. cereals, organic and inorganic chemicals, cereals transaction the banks can focus to maximize the Banks retain their customers by offering personalized j. Employee Relationship Management first before preparations and miscellaneous processed items, lifetime value of the customers Some banks adopted services through single window system approach. Customer Relationship Management. fruits and vegetables, drugs and pharmaceuticals, CRM strategy to build long term relationship. Here are They have to open more opportunities to offer cross k. Increase customer experience through the web site. tobacco and coffee," the statement said. According to six steps followed by banks: selling of facilities. Many banks are already working on l. Proper training should be given to the bank the data, the non-petroleum and non-gems and a. Keep updating the customer profile. it, but still they have to go a long way. Banks are also personnel regarding the behavioural patterns by the jewellery exports in June were $18.48 billion, as b. Approach them with a mix of innovative categorizing their customers in various segments like Banks before they come and work in the field. compared to $19.15 billion in June 2019, exhibiting a products/service, customer care and growth personal finance, business finance and corporate m. More importance should be given to handling negative growth of (-) 3.51 %. opportunities. partly in order to implement more pragmatic CRM online transaction and using m – commerce and However, the country's imports declined at a far c. Cover them by educating IT architecture to feed system. Some banks are also developing universal mobile banking services. higher rate than exports in June. India's June imports their aspirations. banking systems and converting themselves into n. It should be realized that customer relation cannot declined by (-) 47.59 % to $21.11 billion from $40.29 d. Boldly choose the target customers for the first financial supermarkets capable of dispensing various be built overnight. CRM should be considered as billion reported for the corresponding month of 2019. wave of CRM. services including insurance. Some banks Continuous Relationship Management. In May, imports had declined by 51.05 % to $22.20 e. Rank or cluster them in accordance of costs, transformed themselves into this system with greater Mahesh Bung billion from $45.35 billion reported for the revenue, profit potential and relationship intention. focus on the delivery of products and services. Even Asst. General Manager corresponding month of 2019. f. Calculate the lifecycle value of your customers UTI planned to concentrate on its rural expansion, 52 Endeavour always to excel – Ramesh Kumar Bung. Humility is the source of all virtues – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 53 THE STORY OF DHANUSHKOTI, WORLD YOUTH SKILLS DAY 2020 BANKING AWARENESS THE GHOST TOWN OF INDIA DATE & SIGNIFICANCE: KNOW THE 01. RBI has started launching cohorts under the financial services industry in a big way. Building on If you've watched Ramayana, you probably might HISTORY OF THE DAY THAT Regulatory Sandbox. First such cohort was the advantages of the reinforcing nature of their remember the Vanersena building a bridge made of rocks FOCUSES ON EQUIPPING YOUNG launched in ------with the theme of 'Retail data-network activities, some BigTechs are with Ram written on it. According to Indian mythology, Payments' to spur innovation in digital payments venturing into ----- the bridge was named Ramsetu, and it connected PEOPLE WITH INNOVATIVE space to design and test newer payment services 11. Finance and Banking have emerged as engines of Rameshwaram Island and Mannar Island (Sri Lanka). It for the un-served and underserved segments. global economic growth. It is argued that happened at the southern tip of India and the place is ENTREPRENEURSHIP SKILLS 02. What is TReDS? technology has played a pivotal role in the now known as Dhanushkoti. 03. In order to understand the structural bottlenecks proliferation of ---- However, it was declared as a ghost town by the Madras Every year, the World Youth Skills Day is observed across and factors affecting the performance of the 12. What is 'negotiation?' Government, following a gruesome tragedy. the world on July 15. The special day aims to achieve MSMEs, RBI had set up an Expert Committee on 13. RBI has proposed to set up a self-regulatory Dhanushkoti Before The Night Of 22nd December 1964. better socio-economic conditions for the youth who MSMEs under the chairmanship of ---- in January, organisation (SRO) by April 2020 ------in India's Dhanushkoti was like any other normal town before would address several challenges including that 2020. digital payment system. 22nd December 1964. Back then, it wasn't a town of unemployment with their innovative entrepreneurship 04. Yes Bank Ltd., is a banking company registered 14. Which bank has topped the list of highest increase ruins, as it is today. The town had a railway station, a skills. However, this year, the World Youth Skills Day under the Companies Act, 1956 and is carrying on in brand value among global banks according to hospital, a higher secondary school, post offices, a 2020 will take place in a challenging context owing to the business of banking in India. When Yes Bank was 'The Banker's Top 500 Banking Brands 2020' church and a temple. COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown measures. Amid the placed under moratorium by an order notification report? The town was a busy one, with a ferry station ferrying coronavirus crisis, the technical and vocational by the Central Government? 15. What are the different phases of Indian Banking people to even Talaimannar in Sri Lanka. The railway education and training (TVET) institutions across the 05. Who is the new finance minister of UK? since independence? station also had decent traffic, with one daily train- The world have been shut. It is reported that nearly 70% of 06. What are the features of new One Rupee note? Pamban Dhanushkoti Passenger. The Night Of 22nd the world's learners are affected by school closures across 16. The macro-economic crisis faced by India in 1991 December 1964 was the night that changed the fate of education levels currently. The theme for World Youth 07. The level of forex reserves (in India) at USD ------paved way for extensive financial sector reforms. Dhanushkoti forever. A super cyclone with a wind speed Skills Day 2020 is “Skills for a Resilient Youth”. The billion as at the end of March, 2020 remains Which reforms are included in it? of 270 km/hr hit the coast of the small, bustling town. The importance of developing skilled youth is at the core of comfortable to meet any exigency. 17. Financial markets are classified as ------tidal waves were rumoured to be as large as 20 feet in this year's message for World Youth Skills Day. Several 08. Financial markets worldwide are facing intense 18. A cash transfer system can be used for transferring height. virtual events will be held focused on the theme. selling pressures on extreme risk aversion due to - which types of cash benefits? At 23:55 that night, the Pamban Dhanushkoti Passenger World Youth Skills Day History: On December 18, 2014, 09. The prudential exposure limits for primary Urban 19. To further improve the banking penetration was a few kilometres away from the Dhanushkoti railway the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) had Cooperative Banks for a single borrower/party through alternate channels, RBI has permitted station when the signal failed. The driver decided to take adopted a resolution declaring July 15 as World Youth and a group of connected borrowers/parties shall non-bank entities for ----- the risk as it was dark all around and the signal showed no Skills Day. The main aim of this day is to achieve better be 15% and -----% respectively of their Tier-I 20. What are the features of Local Area Bank? signs of lighting up. A few moments later, the train was socio-economic conditions for the youth today to help capital. washed over by a tidal wave, killing 115 people on them address the challenges of unemployment. 10. Banks are not only facing competition from [Answers on Page:76] board. The wave also destroyed the Pamban bridge, the World Youth Skills Day Significance: The World Youth Fintech Companies but also from large technology only thing connecting Rameshwaram Island to Mainland Skills Day is an opportunity for young people, technical companies (BigTechs) which are entering into India. and vocational education and training (TVET) However, the incident saw one of the bravest acts in institutions, and public and private sector stakeholders to India. Two railway employees, a winchman and a bridge acknowledge and celebrate the importance of equipping inspector of the Pamban bridge who were on patrol duty young people with skills for employment, decent work on the 22nd, survived by clinging to the remains of the and entrepreneurship. According to the UN, rising youth Silver Prices Have Zoomed To Record Highs bridge for 12 hours They were rescued by a boat on 23rd unemployment is one of the most significant problems December and later awarded for their dedication towards facing economies and societies in today's world, for their duty. The tragic incident resulted in the death of over developed and developing countries. The latest Global Of Over 53000/Kg: Here's Why 800 in Dhanushkoti alone, and over 3000 people were Employment Trends for Youth 2020: Technology and the stranded in the town. future of jobs shows that since 2017, there has been an Silver which until few weeks back was the second best per estimates between now and the year 2030 as much Life After The Cyclone: The repairing of the Pamban upward trend in the number of youth not in employment, performing metal amid the Covid 19 outbreak has now as 888 million ounce of silver will be required. The other bridge was made a priority after the disaster. It was education or training (NEET). even surpassed gold in performance. On the MCX, factor pushing silver's price are the market factors of completed in just 45 days. Today, the island is connected The day is important as it encourages youth to celebrate silver for September contract jumped a huge 3.28% to demand and supply. by both rail and road. Dhanushkoti is now a popular the value of acquiring skills and achieve personal success close at 53048 per kg. What Has Been Pushing The The supply of silver as per the Silver Institute is expected tourist spot among people who like unusual destinations. and fulfilment. The day makes us realise that in today's Prices Of Silver Higher? to be the lowest in 2020 since 2009 and this is at the The place has the Bay of Bengal on the eastern side, and world, rising youth unemployment is seen as one of the Amid the pandemic there is an impact over the mining global level. Also, the gains in gold also propels safe the Indian Ocean on the western side. But life could most significant problems facing economies and of silver and given the push in safe haven buying as well haven buying the white metal and also there is demand never resume the way it was in Dhanushkoti. A few societies. To commemorate the special day, an online as buying for industrial purposes, price of silver in India for industrial applications, which lends it support too. As fishermen still inhabit the town and call it their home. A panel discussion will be organized by the Permanent has now scaled to highest in 7 years Also, there has been per estimates, prices in the Indian market for silver could home with a tragic past and a recovering future. Missions of Portugal and Sri Lanka to the United Nations, an increasing use of silver in industrial processes go to levels of 57000 in the second half of 2020 while Amith Kumar Bajpai together with UNESCO, ILO and the Office of the including for solar chips, cables, renewable energy international prices shall be at $20-$22 per ounce if the HO: PBD Secretary-General's Envoy on Youth on July 15. where its high demand has pushed its prices higher. As uncertainty continues to persist. 54 Be firm in faith and strong in determination – Ramesh Kumar Bung. There is no eye like that of knowledge – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 55 THE STORY OF DHANUSHKOTI, WORLD YOUTH SKILLS DAY 2020 BANKING AWARENESS THE GHOST TOWN OF INDIA DATE & SIGNIFICANCE: KNOW THE 01. RBI has started launching cohorts under the financial services industry in a big way. Building on If you've watched Ramayana, you probably might HISTORY OF THE DAY THAT Regulatory Sandbox. First such cohort was the advantages of the reinforcing nature of their remember the Vanersena building a bridge made of rocks FOCUSES ON EQUIPPING YOUNG launched in ------with the theme of 'Retail data-network activities, some BigTechs are with Ram written on it. According to Indian mythology, Payments' to spur innovation in digital payments venturing into ----- the bridge was named Ramsetu, and it connected PEOPLE WITH INNOVATIVE space to design and test newer payment services 11. Finance and Banking have emerged as engines of Rameshwaram Island and Mannar Island (Sri Lanka). It for the un-served and underserved segments. global economic growth. It is argued that happened at the southern tip of India and the place is ENTREPRENEURSHIP SKILLS 02. What is TReDS? technology has played a pivotal role in the now known as Dhanushkoti. 03. In order to understand the structural bottlenecks proliferation of ---- However, it was declared as a ghost town by the Madras Every year, the World Youth Skills Day is observed across and factors affecting the performance of the 12. What is 'negotiation?' Government, following a gruesome tragedy. the world on July 15. The special day aims to achieve MSMEs, RBI had set up an Expert Committee on 13. RBI has proposed to set up a self-regulatory Dhanushkoti Before The Night Of 22nd December 1964. better socio-economic conditions for the youth who MSMEs under the chairmanship of ---- in January, organisation (SRO) by April 2020 ------in India's Dhanushkoti was like any other normal town before would address several challenges including that 2020. digital payment system. 22nd December 1964. Back then, it wasn't a town of unemployment with their innovative entrepreneurship 04. Yes Bank Ltd., is a banking company registered 14. Which bank has topped the list of highest increase ruins, as it is today. The town had a railway station, a skills. However, this year, the World Youth Skills Day under the Companies Act, 1956 and is carrying on in brand value among global banks according to hospital, a higher secondary school, post offices, a 2020 will take place in a challenging context owing to the business of banking in India. When Yes Bank was 'The Banker's Top 500 Banking Brands 2020' church and a temple. COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown measures. Amid the placed under moratorium by an order notification report? The town was a busy one, with a ferry station ferrying coronavirus crisis, the technical and vocational by the Central Government? 15. What are the different phases of Indian Banking people to even Talaimannar in Sri Lanka. The railway education and training (TVET) institutions across the 05. Who is the new finance minister of UK? since independence? station also had decent traffic, with one daily train- The world have been shut. It is reported that nearly 70% of 06. What are the features of new One Rupee note? Pamban Dhanushkoti Passenger. The Night Of 22nd the world's learners are affected by school closures across 16. The macro-economic crisis faced by India in 1991 December 1964 was the night that changed the fate of education levels currently. The theme for World Youth 07. The level of forex reserves (in India) at USD ------paved way for extensive financial sector reforms. Dhanushkoti forever. A super cyclone with a wind speed Skills Day 2020 is “Skills for a Resilient Youth”. The billion as at the end of March, 2020 remains Which reforms are included in it? of 270 km/hr hit the coast of the small, bustling town. The importance of developing skilled youth is at the core of comfortable to meet any exigency. 17. Financial markets are classified as ------tidal waves were rumoured to be as large as 20 feet in this year's message for World Youth Skills Day. Several 08. Financial markets worldwide are facing intense 18. A cash transfer system can be used for transferring height. virtual events will be held focused on the theme. selling pressures on extreme risk aversion due to - which types of cash benefits? At 23:55 that night, the Pamban Dhanushkoti Passenger World Youth Skills Day History: On December 18, 2014, 09. The prudential exposure limits for primary Urban 19. To further improve the banking penetration was a few kilometres away from the Dhanushkoti railway the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) had Cooperative Banks for a single borrower/party through alternate channels, RBI has permitted station when the signal failed. The driver decided to take adopted a resolution declaring July 15 as World Youth and a group of connected borrowers/parties shall non-bank entities for ----- the risk as it was dark all around and the signal showed no Skills Day. The main aim of this day is to achieve better be 15% and -----% respectively of their Tier-I 20. What are the features of Local Area Bank? signs of lighting up. A few moments later, the train was socio-economic conditions for the youth today to help capital. washed over by a tidal wave, killing 115 people on them address the challenges of unemployment. 10. Banks are not only facing competition from [Answers on Page:76] board. The wave also destroyed the Pamban bridge, the World Youth Skills Day Significance: The World Youth Fintech Companies but also from large technology only thing connecting Rameshwaram Island to Mainland Skills Day is an opportunity for young people, technical companies (BigTechs) which are entering into India. and vocational education and training (TVET) However, the incident saw one of the bravest acts in institutions, and public and private sector stakeholders to India. Two railway employees, a winchman and a bridge acknowledge and celebrate the importance of equipping inspector of the Pamban bridge who were on patrol duty young people with skills for employment, decent work on the 22nd, survived by clinging to the remains of the and entrepreneurship. According to the UN, rising youth Silver Prices Have Zoomed To Record Highs bridge for 12 hours They were rescued by a boat on 23rd unemployment is one of the most significant problems December and later awarded for their dedication towards facing economies and societies in today's world, for their duty. The tragic incident resulted in the death of over developed and developing countries. The latest Global Of Over 53000/Kg: Here's Why 800 in Dhanushkoti alone, and over 3000 people were Employment Trends for Youth 2020: Technology and the stranded in the town. future of jobs shows that since 2017, there has been an Silver which until few weeks back was the second best per estimates between now and the year 2030 as much Life After The Cyclone: The repairing of the Pamban upward trend in the number of youth not in employment, performing metal amid the Covid 19 outbreak has now as 888 million ounce of silver will be required. The other bridge was made a priority after the disaster. It was education or training (NEET). even surpassed gold in performance. On the MCX, factor pushing silver's price are the market factors of completed in just 45 days. Today, the island is connected The day is important as it encourages youth to celebrate silver for September contract jumped a huge 3.28% to demand and supply. by both rail and road. Dhanushkoti is now a popular the value of acquiring skills and achieve personal success close at 53048 per kg. What Has Been Pushing The The supply of silver as per the Silver Institute is expected tourist spot among people who like unusual destinations. and fulfilment. The day makes us realise that in today's Prices Of Silver Higher? to be the lowest in 2020 since 2009 and this is at the The place has the Bay of Bengal on the eastern side, and world, rising youth unemployment is seen as one of the Amid the pandemic there is an impact over the mining global level. Also, the gains in gold also propels safe the Indian Ocean on the western side. But life could most significant problems facing economies and of silver and given the push in safe haven buying as well haven buying the white metal and also there is demand never resume the way it was in Dhanushkoti. A few societies. To commemorate the special day, an online as buying for industrial purposes, price of silver in India for industrial applications, which lends it support too. As fishermen still inhabit the town and call it their home. A panel discussion will be organized by the Permanent has now scaled to highest in 7 years Also, there has been per estimates, prices in the Indian market for silver could home with a tragic past and a recovering future. Missions of Portugal and Sri Lanka to the United Nations, an increasing use of silver in industrial processes go to levels of 57000 in the second half of 2020 while Amith Kumar Bajpai together with UNESCO, ILO and the Office of the including for solar chips, cables, renewable energy international prices shall be at $20-$22 per ounce if the HO: PBD Secretary-General's Envoy on Youth on July 15. where its high demand has pushed its prices higher. As uncertainty continues to persist. 54 Be firm in faith and strong in determination – Ramesh Kumar Bung. There is no eye like that of knowledge – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 55 WHAT IS AUGMENTED REALITY (AR) AND HOW DOES IT WORK?

Wondering what a superimposition and haptic superimposed effects on it later, and show it all to a user view. In fact, the use of projections in AR has not been military fighters pilots, now such devices have communication are? What are smart glasses and head- who could also play with it via head movements. In 1987 fully invented yet to use it in commercial products or applications in aviation, automotive industry, mounted displays? What is Augmented Reality and Douglas George and Robert Morris developed the services. manufacturing, sports, etc. Virtual Reality? What's mobile computing? What do all prototype of a heads-up display (HUD). It displayed Reflection: Some AR devices have mirrors to assist AR glasses (or smart glasses) – Google Glasses, Meta 2 these digital trends mean? For most people, it is still a astronomical data over the real sky. The year 1990 human eyes to view virtual images. Some have an “array Glasses, Laster See-Thru, Laforge AR eyewear, etc. quite abstract and exotic technology, often perceived as marked the birth of the “augmented reality” term. It first of small curved mirrors” and some have a double-sided These units are capable of displaying notifications from the science-fiction out of Hollywood movies. Animate appeared in the work of Thomas Caudell and David mirror to reflect light to a camera and to a user's eye. The your smart phone, assisting assembly line workers, holograms, interactive displays, and virtual 3D models. Mizell – Boeing company researchers In 1992 Louis goal of such reflection paths is to perform a proper image access content hands-free, etc. In fact, all these things do already exist. Rosenberg of the US Air Force created the AR system alignment. AR contact lenses (or smart lenses), taking Augmented Real environment modified by computer-generated called “Virtual Fixtures”. In 1999, a group of scientists Types of Augmented Reality: Marker-based AR: Some Reality one step even farther. Manufacturers like objects is present in many areas, from aviation to gaming, led by Frank Delgado and Mike Abernathy tested new also call it to image recognition, as it requires a special Samsung and Sony have announced the development of we're just not aware of it as users Have you tried to catch navigation software, which generated runways and visual object and a camera to scan it. It may be anything, AR lenses. Respectively, Samsung is working on lenses as Pokemon in recent years or to fit furniture in your room streets data from a helicopter video. In 2000 a Japanese from a printed QR code to special signs. The AR device the accessory to smartphones, while Sony is designing via IKEA app? That's AR, and it has more far-reaching scientist Hirokazu Kato developed and published also calculates the position and orientation of a marker to lenses as separate AR devices (with features like taking areas of potential use. It is still in development and ARToolKit – an open-source SDK. Later it was adjusted to position the content, in some cases. Thus, a marker photos or storing data). multiple engineers and tech companies around the world work with Adobe. In 2004 Trimble Navigation presented initiates digital animations for users to view, and so Virtual retinal displays (VRD), creating images by are working to enhance it. In the meantime, let's find out an outdoor helmet-mounted AR system. In 2008 images in a magazine may turn into 3D models. projecting laser light into the human eye. Aiming at what is Augmented Reality, and let's start with this vision Wikitude made the AR Travel Guide for Android mobile Markerless AR: A.k.a. location-based or position-based bright, high contrast and high-resolution images, such by Magic Leap. Exciting! devices. In 2013 Google beta tested the Google Glass – augmented reality, that utilizes a GPS, a compass, a systems yet remain to be made for a practical use. What is Augmented Reality?: Augmented reality is the with internet connection via Bluetooth. In 2015 Microsoft gyroscope, and an accelerometer to provide data based Possible applications of AR: Augmented reality may technology that expands our physical world, adding presented two brand new technologies: Windows on user's location. This data then determines what AR complement our everyday activities in various ways. For layers of digital information onto it. Unlike Virtual Reality Holographic and HoloLens (an AR goggles with lots of content you find or get in a certain area. With the instance, one of the most popular applications of AR is (VR), AR does not create the whole artificial sensors to display HD holograms). In 2016 Niantic availability of smartphones this type of AR typically gaming. New AR games provide much better environments to replace real with a virtual one. AR launched Pokemon Go game for mobile devices. The produces maps and directions, nearby businesses info. experiences to players, some even promote a more active appears in direct view of an existing environment and app blew the gaming industry up and earned $2 million Applications include events and information, business outgoing way of life (PokemonGo, Ingress). Gaming adds sounds, videos, graphics to it. A view of the physical in a just first week. ads pop-ups, navigation support. grounds are being moved from virtual spheres to real life, real-world environment with superimposed computer- How does Augmented Reality work: What is Augmented Projection-based AR: Projecting synthetic light to and players actually perform certain activities. For generated images, thus changing the perception of Reality for many of us implies a technical side, i.e. how physical surfaces, and in some cases allows to interact instance, a simple gym activity for kids by the Canadian reality, is the AR. The term itself was coined back in 1990, does AR work? For AR a certain range of data (images, with it. These are the holograms we have all seen in sci-fi company SAGA, where to crack cubes moving on a wall and one of the first commercial uses were in television animations, videos, 3D models) may be used and people movies like Star Wars It detects user interaction with a children hit it with a ball. AR in retail may act to bring and military. With the rise of the Internet and smart will see the result in both natural and synthetic light. Also, projection by its alterations.Superimposition-based AR: better customer engagement and retention, as well as phones, AR rolled out its second wave and nowadays is users are aware of being in the real world which is Replaces the original view with an augmented, fully or brand awareness and more sales. Some features may mostly related to the interactive concept. 3D models are advanced by computer vision, unlike in VR. AR can be partially. Object recognition plays a key role, without it also help customers make wiser purchases – providing directly projected onto physical things or fused together displayed on various devices: screens, glasses, handheld the whole concept is simply impossible. We've all seen product data with 3D models of any size or colour. Real- in real-time, various augmented reality apps impact our devices, mobile phones, head-mounted displays. It the example of superimposed augmented reality in IKEA estate can also benefit from Augmented Reality via 3D habits, social life, and the entertainment industry. involves technologies like S.L.A.M. (simultaneous Catalog app, that allows users to place virtual items of tours of apartments and houses, that can also be AR apps typically connect digital animation to a special localization and mapping), depth tracking (briefly, a their furniture catalogue in their rooms. manipulated to amend some parts. 'marker', or with the help of GPS in phones pinpoint the sensor data calculating the distance to the objects), and Augmented reality devices: Many modern devices Other potential areas for AR include: Education: location. Augmentation is happening in real time and the following components: already support Augmented reality. From smartphones interactive models for learning and training purposes, within the context of the environment, for example, Cameras and sensors: Collecting data about user's and tablets to gadgets like Google Glass or handheld from mathematics to chemistry. overlaying scores to a live feed sport events. There are 4 interactions and sending it for processing. Cameras on devices, and these technologies continue to evolve. For Medicine/healthcare: to help diagnose, monitor, train, types of augmented reality today: devices are scanning the surroundings and with this info, processing and projection, AR devices and hardware, localize, etc. markerless AR; marker-based AR; projection-based AR; a device locates physical objects and generates 3D first of all, have requirements such as sensors, cameras, Military: for advanced navigation, marking objects in real superimposition-based AR. models. It may be special duty cameras, like in Microsoft accelerometer, gyroscope, digital compass, GPS, CPU, time. Hololens, or common smartphone cameras to take Brief history of AR: In 1968 Ivan Sutherland and Bob displays, and things we've already mentioned. Art / installations / visual arts / music. pictures/videos. Sproull created a first head-mounted display, they called Devices suitable for Augmented reality fall into the Tourism: data on destinations, sightseeing objects, Processing: AR devices eventually should act like little it The Sword of Damocles. Obviously, it was a rough following categories: navigation, and directions. device that displayed primitive computer graphics. In computers, something modern smartphones already do. Mobile devices (smart phones and tablets) – the most In the same manner, they require a CPU, a GPU, flash Broadcasting: enhancing live events and event streaming 1975 Myron Krueger created Videoplace – an artificial available and best fit for AR mobile apps, ranging from by overlaying content. reality laboratory. The scientist envisioned the interaction memory, RAM, Bluetooth/WiFi, a GPS, etc. to be able to pure gaming and entertainment to business analytics, Industrial design: to visualize, calculate or model. with digital stuff by human movements. This concept measure speed, angle, direction, orientation in space, sports, and social networking. and so on. later was used for certain projectors, video cameras, and Special AR devices, designed primarily and solely for Gudipati Santosh onscreen silhouettes. In 1980 Steve Mann developed a Projection: This refers to a miniature projector on AR augmented reality experiences. One example is head-up HO: Marketing first portable computer called EyeTap, designed to be headsets, which takes data from sensors and projects displays (HUD), sending data to a transparent display worn in front of the eye. It recorded the scene to digital content (result of processing) onto a surface to directly into user's view. Originally introduced to train

56 Mercy is the highest virtue – Ramesh Kumar Bung. Forgiveness is the highest power – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 57 WHAT IS AUGMENTED REALITY (AR) AND HOW DOES IT WORK?

56 Mercy is the highest virtue – Ramesh Kumar Bung. Forgiveness is the highest power – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 57 THE GURU NCUI, NEW DELHI CELEBRATES “g… nyd}fm‘² A{n Jwé… H$mboZ AZdÀN>oXmV²” [Patanjali character. From Gurus spiritual clarity is born. Even a THE INTERNATIONAL DAY OF Yoga Sootras -1-26] : 'Unconditioned by time, He is child can teach you a perspective. the Guru of even the most ancient teachers'. Anyone, who illuminates your maturity beyond From the cavemen we were to the life we live today, as delusion, is a teacher in their own ways. Teachers are a COOPERATIVES human beings, we have come a long way. While all cosmic gift, a form of radiance altering your mind and the other creations have shown only marginal heart and thus evolving your consciousness. The flow evolution through centuries of living, human progress of grace and blessings of a teacher in your life is more is indescribable. What is one significant factor that dependent on your feelings towards the teacher than made such a humungous difference? TEACHER! the teacher's feelings towards you. However, lack of Teachers have been the connection thread to the gratitude to your source of knowledge, makes that wisdom passed from one generation to another. From knowledge useless. You may know it, you may the prophecies of enlightened masters.. to the understand it, you may have even mastered it, but philosophies of thinkers.. to the logic of that knowledge will serve no purpose in your life mathematicians..... to the discoveries and inventions without your sense of gratitude to the source. of scientists.... to the history of history makers... to the Simply put, how you see your teacher is infinitely cultural transference across generations... to physical more important than how your teacher sees you. How and psychological wellbeing.... it has been the your teacher sees you makes a small difference. How teachers, who have been the custodians of you see your teacher makes all the difference. The information and transformation. grace and blessings of a teacher in your life depends The International Day of Cooperatives was celebrated on the first Saturday of July, i.e., 4th July, 2020. National A teacher is anyone, who alters your state of mind and more on your feelings towards a teacher than the Cooperative Union of India, New Delhi, in collaboration with International Cooperative Alliance has organised a heart, and thus your life. Parents, as teachers, teacher's feelings towards you. Webinar addressing this year's theme 'Cooperatives for Climatic Action'. Sri Suresh P. Prabhu, India's Sherpa to G transform you from nothing to something. Thank you God for showing me My Guru. And, thank 20/ G 7 and Member of Parliament was the Chief Guest of the event. Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, Chairman- Mathematically, zero to one is considered as infinite you My Guru for showing My God. Emeritus, eminent co-operators of the nation and key officials and representatives of UN and International change. Thus, parents cause infinite transformation in [Guru Poornima Day on 5th July, 2020] Organisations participated and opined in the web meeting. you. Your friends create the environment from which Ramesh Kumar Bung you imbibe your attitudes. Your professional mentors shape your competence. Trainers and coaches groom The International Day of Cooperatives was celebrated direction. Resultantly, the cooperatives will have an your skills. Educators impart knowledge and on the first Saturday of July, i.e., 4th July, 2020. imprint and establish their identity among the public. National Cooperative Union of India, New Delhi, in Speaking on the occasion, Dr. Chandrapal Singh collaboration with International Cooperative Alliance Yadav, President, NCUI the theme of the year has has organised a Webinar addressing this year's theme been selected keeping in view of the environmental NATIONS THAT PRODUCE MAXIMUM GOLD, 2020 'Cooperatives for Climatic Action'. Sri Suresh P. sustainability, initiated by UNO. Among the major Prabhu, India's Sherpa to G 20/ G 7 and Member of impediments countenanced by the world during this Parliament was the Chief Guest of the event. The 21st Century is deteriorating climatic changes. It is Gold mining is a global business with operations on 3. Australia: Produces 325.1 tonnes of gold eminent co-operators of the nation and key officials evident that the survival of the humanity has become every continent, except Antarctica, and gold is 4. United States: Produces 200.2 tonnes of gold and representatives of UN and International questionable due to this adverse effect. Weaker extracted from mines of widely varying types and 5. Canada: Produces 182.9 tonnes of gold Organisations participated in the web meeting. Sections of the society, women and rural artisans are scale. Gold is one of the rarest elements in the world, 6. Peru: Produces 143.3 tonnes of gold Sri N. Satyanarayana, Chief Executive, NCUI has affected much in particular. As a consequence, the making up roughly 0.003 parts per million of the 7. Ghana: Produces 142.4 tonnes of gold welcomed the Chief Guest and the participants. Sri economy of our country is dampened. He called earth's crust. But how much gold is the world digging 8. South Africa: Produces 118.2 tonnes of gold Ritesh Dey, Director, International Relations, NCUI upon the cooperatives to join hands to become up each year and what countries produce the most? narrated the significance of the observance of the leaders to tackle the situation, he further added. 9. Mexico: Produces 111.4 tonnes of gold While gold by itself does not produce any economic International Day of Cooperatives. In accordance Addressing at the Webinar, Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, 10. Brazil: Produces 106.9 tonnes of gold value, it is an efficient tool to hedge against inflation with guidelines formulated by the International Chairman-Emeritus, and Member, National Council and economic uncertainties. India is the second India: Officially, India mined just 1.61 tonnes of gold Cooperative Alliance, the Webinar is organised, he for Cooperative Training, New Delhi spoke about largest consumer of this precious metal. But where during 2017-18. That was essentially from primary said. global warming due to continuous increase in the does it stand in terms of production? Here's a sources. But geologists believe that India should be Sri Suresh P. Prabhu, Chief Guest said that there is no temperature every year affecting even the agricultural breakdown of the top gold producing countries in the mining a lot more gold owing to its terrain and doubt that the way of production and consumption in products. Several cooperative groups at the world world, as of 2020, which demonstrates the geological features which are similar from Australia to our country are adversely affecting the climatic level are collectively fighting on this issue and leading geographical dispersion of gold mining operations China. transformation. We should make use of cooperative the way to confront and fight the climatic change and and gold supply. Musheera Begum principles and values to reduce the pollution and not only sustain the cooperative longer but also 1. China: Produces 329.5 tonnes of gold HO :F&A march ahead towards a healthy India. All the continue to occupy prominent position in the society. 2. Russia: Produces 329.5 tonnes of gold Cooperatives must collectively endeavour in this

58 The essence of all existence is evolution or a constant reality of new ideas – Ramesh Kumar Bung. Improper education and bad company turn innocent men into rogues – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 59 THE GURU NCUI, NEW DELHI CELEBRATES “g… nyd}fm‘² A{n Jwé… H$mboZ AZdÀN>oXmV²” [Patanjali character. From Gurus spiritual clarity is born. Even a THE INTERNATIONAL DAY OF Yoga Sootras -1-26] : 'Unconditioned by time, He is child can teach you a perspective. the Guru of even the most ancient teachers'. Anyone, who illuminates your maturity beyond From the cavemen we were to the life we live today, as delusion, is a teacher in their own ways. Teachers are a COOPERATIVES human beings, we have come a long way. While all cosmic gift, a form of radiance altering your mind and the other creations have shown only marginal heart and thus evolving your consciousness. The flow evolution through centuries of living, human progress of grace and blessings of a teacher in your life is more is indescribable. What is one significant factor that dependent on your feelings towards the teacher than made such a humungous difference? TEACHER! the teacher's feelings towards you. However, lack of Teachers have been the connection thread to the gratitude to your source of knowledge, makes that wisdom passed from one generation to another. From knowledge useless. You may know it, you may the prophecies of enlightened masters.. to the understand it, you may have even mastered it, but philosophies of thinkers.. to the logic of that knowledge will serve no purpose in your life mathematicians..... to the discoveries and inventions without your sense of gratitude to the source. of scientists.... to the history of history makers... to the Simply put, how you see your teacher is infinitely cultural transference across generations... to physical more important than how your teacher sees you. How and psychological wellbeing.... it has been the your teacher sees you makes a small difference. How teachers, who have been the custodians of you see your teacher makes all the difference. The information and transformation. grace and blessings of a teacher in your life depends The International Day of Cooperatives was celebrated on the first Saturday of July, i.e., 4th July, 2020. National A teacher is anyone, who alters your state of mind and more on your feelings towards a teacher than the Cooperative Union of India, New Delhi, in collaboration with International Cooperative Alliance has organised a heart, and thus your life. Parents, as teachers, teacher's feelings towards you. Webinar addressing this year's theme 'Cooperatives for Climatic Action'. Sri Suresh P. Prabhu, India's Sherpa to G transform you from nothing to something. Thank you God for showing me My Guru. And, thank 20/ G 7 and Member of Parliament was the Chief Guest of the event. Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, Chairman- Mathematically, zero to one is considered as infinite you My Guru for showing My God. Emeritus, eminent co-operators of the nation and key officials and representatives of UN and International change. Thus, parents cause infinite transformation in [Guru Poornima Day on 5th July, 2020] Organisations participated and opined in the web meeting. you. Your friends create the environment from which Ramesh Kumar Bung you imbibe your attitudes. Your professional mentors shape your competence. Trainers and coaches groom The International Day of Cooperatives was celebrated direction. Resultantly, the cooperatives will have an your skills. Educators impart knowledge and on the first Saturday of July, i.e., 4th July, 2020. imprint and establish their identity among the public. National Cooperative Union of India, New Delhi, in Speaking on the occasion, Dr. Chandrapal Singh collaboration with International Cooperative Alliance Yadav, President, NCUI the theme of the year has has organised a Webinar addressing this year's theme been selected keeping in view of the environmental NATIONS THAT PRODUCE MAXIMUM GOLD, 2020 'Cooperatives for Climatic Action'. Sri Suresh P. sustainability, initiated by UNO. Among the major Prabhu, India's Sherpa to G 20/ G 7 and Member of impediments countenanced by the world during this Parliament was the Chief Guest of the event. The 21st Century is deteriorating climatic changes. It is Gold mining is a global business with operations on 3. Australia: Produces 325.1 tonnes of gold eminent co-operators of the nation and key officials evident that the survival of the humanity has become every continent, except Antarctica, and gold is 4. United States: Produces 200.2 tonnes of gold and representatives of UN and International questionable due to this adverse effect. Weaker extracted from mines of widely varying types and 5. Canada: Produces 182.9 tonnes of gold Organisations participated in the web meeting. Sections of the society, women and rural artisans are scale. Gold is one of the rarest elements in the world, 6. Peru: Produces 143.3 tonnes of gold Sri N. Satyanarayana, Chief Executive, NCUI has affected much in particular. As a consequence, the making up roughly 0.003 parts per million of the 7. Ghana: Produces 142.4 tonnes of gold welcomed the Chief Guest and the participants. Sri economy of our country is dampened. He called earth's crust. But how much gold is the world digging 8. South Africa: Produces 118.2 tonnes of gold Ritesh Dey, Director, International Relations, NCUI upon the cooperatives to join hands to become up each year and what countries produce the most? narrated the significance of the observance of the leaders to tackle the situation, he further added. 9. Mexico: Produces 111.4 tonnes of gold While gold by itself does not produce any economic International Day of Cooperatives. In accordance Addressing at the Webinar, Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, 10. Brazil: Produces 106.9 tonnes of gold value, it is an efficient tool to hedge against inflation with guidelines formulated by the International Chairman-Emeritus, and Member, National Council and economic uncertainties. India is the second India: Officially, India mined just 1.61 tonnes of gold Cooperative Alliance, the Webinar is organised, he for Cooperative Training, New Delhi spoke about largest consumer of this precious metal. But where during 2017-18. That was essentially from primary said. global warming due to continuous increase in the does it stand in terms of production? Here's a sources. But geologists believe that India should be Sri Suresh P. Prabhu, Chief Guest said that there is no temperature every year affecting even the agricultural breakdown of the top gold producing countries in the mining a lot more gold owing to its terrain and doubt that the way of production and consumption in products. Several cooperative groups at the world world, as of 2020, which demonstrates the geological features which are similar from Australia to our country are adversely affecting the climatic level are collectively fighting on this issue and leading geographical dispersion of gold mining operations China. transformation. We should make use of cooperative the way to confront and fight the climatic change and and gold supply. Musheera Begum principles and values to reduce the pollution and not only sustain the cooperative longer but also 1. China: Produces 329.5 tonnes of gold HO :F&A march ahead towards a healthy India. All the continue to occupy prominent position in the society. 2. Russia: Produces 329.5 tonnes of gold Cooperatives must collectively endeavour in this

Adjectives are words that describe the qualities or states of being of nouns: enormous, doglike, silly, yellow, fun, Inexpensive-inexpensive hotel. Innocent-innocent civilians. Inquisitiv e-an inquisitive mind. fast. They can also describe the quantity of nouns: many, few, millions, eleven. Itchy-itchy feet. Jealous-a jealous husband. Jittery-a jittery start. Jolly-a jolly crowd. Joyous-joyous laughter. Kind-kind gesture. Adjectives Modify Nouns: Adjectives are words that modify (describe) nouns. Adjectives do not modify verbs or adverbs or other adjectives. Lazy-a lazy piece of work. Light-light colours Lively-lively young woman Margot wore a beautiful hat to the pie-eating contest. Lonely-lonely nights. Long-a long journey. Lovely-a lovely voice. Furry dogs may overheat in the summertime. Lucky-lucky stars Magnicent-a magnicent building. Misty-a misty morning. sixteen Modern-the modern industrial world. Motionless-motionless standing, statue. Muddy-a muddy pond. My cake should have candles. The scariest villain of all time is Darth Vader. Mushy-mushy romantic novel. Mysterious-mysterious circumstances. Nasty-a nasty accident. In the sentences above, the adjectives are easy to spot because they come immediately before the nouns they Naught y-a naughty joke. Nervous-a nervous voice. Nice-a nice time. modify. Let us see some of the appropriate adjectives that qualify the various nouns. Nutty-a nutty taste. Obedient-an obedient child. Obno xious-obnoxious behaviour. Odd-an odd mistake. Old-fashioned- old-fashioned clothes. Open-open window.

Outrageous-outrageous beha viour. Outstanding-outstanding features. Panicky-a panicky voice. Aggressive-an aggressive marketing. Adorable - an adorable child. Adv enturous- an adv enturous trip Perfect-perfect timing. Plain-plain speaking. Pleasant-a pleasant surprise. Agreeable-an agreeable deal Alert- an alert mind Alive- an alive political issue Poised-a poised young man. Poor-a poor country. Powerful-powerful weapons. Annoy ed- annoyed at his behaviour. Amused- an amused look. Angry-an angry reaction. Precious-a precious stone. Prickly-a prickly bush. Proud-the proud owner. Annoying- an annoying interruption. Anxious-a few anxious moments. Arrogant- an arrogant behaviour. Puzzled-a puzzled look. Quaint-quaint old customs. Real- a real problem. Ashamed- to be ashamed of one’s behaviour. Average-an average rate/cost/price. Attractiv e- an attractive garden. Relieved-relieved glances. Repulsive-repulsive forces. Rich -rich economy. Bad-bad weather/news/dreams/habits. Beautiful- beautiful face/woman/poem. Awful- an awful smell. Scary-a scary movie. Selsh-selsh nature. Shiny-shiny black hair. Better--better weather/mood/educated. Bewildered- bewildered look. Black-black clouds/night. Shy-a shy creature. Silly-silly mistakes. Sleepy-a sleepy child. Blushing - blushing cheeks. Bored- children got bored quickly. Brainy- He is a brainy kid. Smiling- a smiling face. Smoggy-smoggy trafc. Sore-a sore throat. Brave- a brave ght. Breakable - a breakable glass. Bright- a bright morning. Sparkling-a sparkling wine. Splendid-a splendid idea. Spotless-a spotless record. Busy- a busy life. Calm - a calm day. Careful- a careful consideration. Stormy-storm y weather. Strange- a strange city. Stupid- a stupid mistake. Cautious- a cautious approach. Charming-a charming personality. Cheerful- a cheerful, hardworking employee. Successful-a successf ul actor. Super- a super job. Talented- a talented player. Clean-clean drinking water. Clear-clear case of fraud. Clever- a clever idea. Tame- a tame doctor Tender-tender words. Tense-tense muscles. Cloudy- a cloudy day. Clumsy- a clumsy attempt. Colourf ul- a colourful history. Terrible- a terrible experience. Testy- a testy old man. Thankful-thankful reciprocation. Combative- a combative mood/spirit. Comfortable- a comfortable house. Concerned- concerned parents. Thoughtful -thoughtful silence. Thoughtless-a thoughtless remark. Tired-tired old jokes. Condemned– a condemned building. Cooperative-cooperative movement. Confused- a confused situation. Tough-a tough time. Troubled-troubled face. Ugly-an ugly scar. Courageous- a cour ageous decision. Crazy- a crazy idea. Creepy- a creepy coincidence. Uninterested-uninterested in sports. Unsightly-unsightly factories. Unusual-an unusual colour. Curious- curious mixture of people. Crowded- crowded streets. Cruel- cruel punishment. Upsetting-an upsetting experience. Uptight-an uptight teenager . Vast-vast difference. Cute- a cute little baby . Dangerous - dangerous situation. Dark-a dark street. Victorious-the victorio us team. Vivacious - a vivacious daughter . Wandering-wandering child. Dead-a dead body. Defeated- a defeated candidate. Deant-a deant teenager. Weary-a weary traveller . Wick ed-a wicked deed. Wide-eyed-Wide-eyed amazement. Delightful-a delightful restaurant. Depressed-depressed prices. Determined-a determined effort. Wild-a wild animal. Witty-a witty remark. Worrisome-a worrisome incident. Disgusted -disgusted living conditions. Different-different colours Difcult-a difcult situation. Worried-worried glances. Zany-zany humour. Zealous-a zealous reformer. Distinct-distinct possibility. Disturbed-emotionally disturbed child. Dizzy-dizzy pace of life. Gurajala Nandakumar Doubtful-of doubtful quality. Drab- a drab personality. Dull- a dull moment. HO: PAD Eager-eager to learn. Easy-within easy reach. Elated-elated at the results. Elegant-an elegant dress. Embarrassed-embarrassed about one’s height. Enchanting -an enchanting view. Encouraging-encour aging response. Energetic-an energetic supporter . Enthusiastic-an enthusiastic welcome. IT Industry to See More Lay Offs As Envious-envious look. Evil-evil spirits. Excited- an excited crowd of people. Expensive- an expensive mistak e. Exuberant-an exuberant imagination. Fair- a fair comment. Faithful-a faithf ul servant. Famous-a famous artist. Fancy-fancy gadgets. Covid 19 Pushes Challenges for the Sector Fantastic-a fantastic achievement. Fierce-erce ghting. Filthy-lthy language. Fine-ne performance. Foolish-a foolish woman. Fragile-a fragile relationship. Amid the ongoing pandemic crisis, when there is factor and is a "normal process." Also, Accenture is Frail-frail human nature. Frantic -frantic attempts. Friendly-friendly atmosphere. dearth of projects, IT industry across the globe is on a also cutting 900 jobs in the UK in the wake of weak Frightened-a frightened child. Funny- a funny story. Gentle-a gentle voice. downsizing spree. This is there on account of excessive demand but beyond this has not planned Gifted-a gifted musician. Glamorous-glamorous movie stars Gleaming-gleaming white teeth. workforce. Further as per a Mint report, even as there "extraordinary global workforce actions", an India Glorious-glorious past. Good-a good look. Gorgeous-a gorgeous view. are immense bouts in the economy, there has been a spokesperson for the company said. Graceful-graceful swimmers Grievous-a grievous injustice. Grotesque-a grotesque distortion. progressive shift to automation and related Indian based companies including the likes of HCL, Grumpy-a grumpy(bad tempered fellow) Handsome-a handsome face. Happy-a happy smile. technologies, thus reducing workforce strength. And TCS and Infosys have so far not announced any lay- Healthy-a healthy lif estyle. Helpf ul- a helpful advice. Helpless-helpless victims. the pandemic has only given a fillip to such a process. off but performance related cuts may be on the anvil. Hilarious-a hilarious joke. Homeless-homeless immigrants. Homely -homely food. On a global level, IBM is said to fire 2000 employees, With projects scarce, those 'on the bench' or without Horrible-a horrible crime. Hungry- a hungry family. Hurt-badly hurt passengers of which 100 are estimated to be from India. Others active projects are considered 'non-billable resources' Ill-ill health. Important -important announcement. Impossible-impossible position. who have laid off include Cognizant A company and would be the first out the door. spokesperson said performance was the deciding 60 The whole world is bound to work with one who feels himself one with the world – Ramesh Kumar Bung. Curiosity mongering is more abominable than mischief mongering – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 61 APPROPRIATE ADJECTIVES

Recently, the trailer of the upcoming Bollywood movie, College London. 'Shakuntala Devi' got released with Bollywood actress She gave the answer Vidya Balan in and as Shakuntala Devi. The movie will 18,947,668,177,99 stream on Amazon Prime Video on 31 July 2020. The 5,426,462,773,730 trailer shows how beautifully and effortlessly Vidya Balan in less than 28 seconds. This event gave her a place in the has portrayed the role of Shakuntala Devi who is Guinness Book Of Records. According to Writer Steven famously known as the 'Human Computer'. We are sure Smith "The result is so far superior to anything previously that after watching the trailer you must have got the idea reported that it can only be described as unbelievable." of how brilliant Shakuntala Devi was and the way she 11. She also made a documentary 'For Straights Only'. showcased her exceptional mathematical skills. The Upon being asked, she said that her interest in this topic movie will revolve around the life of Shakuntala Devi and was due to her marriage to a homosexual man. This like us, you too may be eager to know more and more urged her to know homosexuality closely. about this woman. Therefore today we have brought 12. She travelled to US in 1988 to let her abilities studied some lesser-known and interesting facts related to by Arthur Jensen, a professor of psychology at the Shakuntala Devi. University of California, Berkely. 1. Shakuntala Devi was born on 4 November 1929 to 13. Jensen closely studied the abilities of Devi by giving Kannadiga parents in Bangalore. her some really large numbers to calculate, including the 2. Since the very beginning, she possessed an cube root of 61,629,875 and the seventh root of exceptional skill of memorising numbers too quickly. 170,859,375. He said that Shakuntala Devi provided the 3. Her parents belonged to a Brahmin household. Her answers of the questions as 395 and 15 even before he father had rebelled against becoming a temple priest. had copied the numbers Instead he went on to work as lion tamer, trapeze artists, 14. She came back to India in 1960 and ten married magician and a tightrope walker at a circus. Paritosh Banerjee, who served as an officer in the Indian 4. He noticed his daughter's talent of memorising Administrative Services in Kolkata. However, the numbers quite quickly while he was teaching her a card marriage didn't last long and the couple divorced in trick. At that time Shakuntala was just three years old. 1979. 5. Shakuntala's father soon left the circus and took his 15. She also contested in the 1980 Loksabha Elections daughter on road shows to showcase her exceptional from South Mumbai and Medak (now in Telangana). She calculation and memorising skills. stood against Indira Gandhi as an independent 6. At the age of six, she showcased her calculation skills at candidate. She couldn't win the election but stood 9th the University of Mysore. with over 6514 votes. 7. It was in the year 1944, when she moved to London 16. In the early 1980s, she returned back to Bangalore. with her father. Since then she travelled across the world, She then also started to pen down many books on her demonstrating her talent. She also went to a tour across mental methods of calculation. She also wrote some Europe in 1950 and performed in New York City in 1976. cookbooks and novels based on the calculation. 8. In 1977, she was asked to give the 23rd root of a 201 17. A very few people know that she was also an digit number. She gave the answer in just 50 seconds. astrologer. The answer was then confirmed by the UNIVAC 1101 18. It was in April 2013, when she was admitted to a computer at the US Bureau of Standards. You won't hospital in Bangalore after she complained of having believe but a special computer program was written to difficulty in breathing. For two weeks she suffered some calculate such a large number. complications in kidney and heart. She took her last 9. In 1977, she penned the book 'The World Of breath on 21 April 2013. Homosexuals'. This was the first study of homosexuality 19. She is survived by her daughter and only child in India. Anupama Banerjee. 10. On 18 June 1880, she was asked to multiply two 13- Amaram Vani d i g i t n u m b e r s , 7 , 6 8 6 , 3 6 9 , 7 7 4 , 8 7 0 a n d HO: Despatch 2,465,099,745,779. The numbers were picked randomly by the Computer Department of Imperial

62 Adapt, adjust and accommodate – Ramesh Kumar Bung. WEBINAR ON ORDINANCE (2020) FOR AMENDMENT TO BR ACT, 1949 FOR A STRATEGIC UCB SECTOR

56 of the BR Act speaks about the metamorphic growth of the UCBs in the banking sector in detail. They were asked to frame their respective Bye-laws. Further, the Malegaon Committee discussed about the dual control of both the RBI and Cooperative Authorities wherein unrestricted growth of UCBs cannot be allowed to continue, Sri Arora added. Prof. Anil Rao spoke that UCBs play an important role in meeting the growing credit needs of urban and semi-urban areas of the country. They have traditionally concentrated on retail service providing savings products and credits to consumers, retail traders, professionals, self-employed, micro, small and medium size enterprises. The most significant development relating to UCBs was the extension of certain provisions of BR Act to the cooperative societies in 1966 after which the cooperative banks also got the benefit of deposit insurance schemes. Sri Jyotindra Mehta averred that UCBs have Sahakara Bharati, with News Bharati has organised a webinar an important role for the inclusive growth and on impact of Banking Regulation Act, 1949 Amendment have occupied a formidable place in the Ordinance (2020) on UCB Sector on Tuesday, 7th July, 2020 Indian Financial System. By the amendment from 5 pm to 7 pm. Dr. Uday Joshi, National General Secretary, to the section of the BR Act, the cooperative Sahakar Bharati, Sri Prem Arora, CGM (Retd), RBI of India, banks may raise their equity by way of public issue or private placement with the permission Prof. Anil Rao, Chairman, FCA, Jalgaon Janata Shakari Bank Ltd., of the RBI of India. S r i J y o t i n d r a M e h t a , P r e s i d e n t N A F C U B a n d Sri Satish Marathe told in the webinar about Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, Chairman-Emeritus and Member, 10B which provides that appointment or National Council for Cooperative Training were the speakers termination of the top level executives cannot on the subject. be made without prior approval of RBI. All the provisions are applicable to the cooperative Shakara Bharati, with News Bharati has organised a webinar on banks. However, RBI can exempt the banks in impact of Banking Regulation Act, 1949 Amendment Ordinance certain cases by way of issuing notifications or (2020) on UCB Sector on Tuesday, 7th July, 2020 from 5 pm to 7 pm. gazettes and the matter needs to contemplated Dr. Uday Joshi, National General Secretary, Sahakar Bharati, Sri Prem upon and to be discussed deeply further. Arora, CGM (Retd), RBI of India, Prof. Anil Rao, Chairman, FCA, Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung stated that the Jalgaon Janata Shakari Bank Ltd., Sri Jyotindra Mehta, President objective of the ordinance is to protect the NAFCUB and Sri Ramesh Kumar Bung, Chairman-Emeritus and interests of the depositors and strengthen Member, National Council for Cooperative Training were the speakers cooperative banks by improving governance on the subject. and by extending powers already available While commencing the discussion in the Webinar, Dr. Uday Joshi with RBI in respect of other banks to Co- narrated about the role and objectives of UCBs in the financial sector. operative Banks as well for sound banking He said that there shall be no discrimination between Private Sector regulation and by ensuring professionalism Banks and Cooperative Banks by the controlling authorities as and enabling their access to capital. The customers are common to all the banks. He briefed about aligning the amendments do not affect existing powers of UCB Sector with rest of financial system, deciding the future the State Registrars of Co-operative Societies development of UCB sector, improving governance and resolving the under state cooperative laws, Sri Bung added. issues countenanced by the Urban Cooperative Bank segment. The Webinar was concluded with vote of Sri Prem Arora explained about the lending pattern up to `5 lakhs in thanks extended to all the participants and the UCBs has been for small borrowers with marginal means. Section speakers

Be good, do good, be kind and be compassionate – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 63 (Bang Na–Trat Highway) owned by the bridge but only 10.9 ha, less than half the area. Expressway Authority of Thailand (EXAT). The The bridge consists of 32 m long box girders 10 LONGEST Bang Na Expressway was designed by the late weighing 860 tons each. These girders were Louis Berger. created in two workplaces along the bridge, 5) Weinan Weihe Grand Bridge: Length: brought to the installation site on the bridge BRIDGES IN 79,732 meters; Country: China; Completed in: section already installed, and then placed on the 2008 piers by a special crane. The Weinan Weihe Grand Bridge is a part of the 2) Changhua–Kaohsiung Viaduct: Length: Zhengzhou–Xi'an High-Speed Railway which 157,317 meters; Country: Taiwan; Completed THE WORLD connects Zhengzhou and Xi'an, in China. The in: 2004 bridge is 79,732 metres (261,588 ft; 49.543 mi) The Changhua–Kaohsiung Viaduct is the long crossing the Wei River twice, as well as world's second longest bridge. The bridge acts many other rivers, highways and railways. Upon as a viaduct for part of the railway line of the One of the most significant creations in the history of response to the opening of the longer Jiaozhou its completion, it was the longest bridge in the Taiwan High Speed Rail network. Over 200 human kind is the concept of building bridges to Bay Bridge in China, Guinness World Records world, but surpassed by two new bridges on million passengers had been carried over it by provide passage, overcome obstacles, connect places created two categories for bridges over water: Beijing–Shanghai High-Speed Railway that December 2012. THSR Changhua, Yunlin, and achieve progress as a society. Humans have built continuous and aggregate lengths over water. completed in 2010. The bridge was completed Chiayi, Tainan stations are built along this some astonishing bridges around the world, either to Lake Pontchartrain Causeway then became the in 2008 but the railway line itself did not open viaduct. Completed in 2007, the bridge is make life easier or to enable nations to develop longest bridge over water while Jiaozhou Bay until February 6, 2010. During construction of 157,317m (516,132 ft) or 97.8 miles in length. beyond imagination. Here's a look at some of the Bridge the longest bridge over water (aggregate) the Weinan Weihe Grand Bridge there were at The railway is built across a vast series of longest bridges built in the history of mankind. While 8) Beijing Grand Bridge: Length: 48,153 least 10,000 workers 2,300,000cubic meters of viaducts, as they were designed to be no Indian bridges feature in this list, guess which meters; Country: China; Completed in: 2010 concrete and 45,000 tons of steel earthquake resistant to allow for trains to stop country does house the majority of these bridges? Do Beijing Grand Bridge is a 48.153 kilometres 4) Cangde Grand Bridge: Length: 105,810 safely during a seismic event and for repairable you think India will soon be as efficient and high-tech (29.921 mi) long railway viaduct on the meters; Country: China; Completed in: 2010 damage following a maximum design as China to build such stupendous structures? Share Beijing–Shanghai High-Speed Railway, located The Weinan Weihe Grand Bridge is a part of the earthquake. Bridges built over known fault lines your views below. in Beijing. It is one of the longest bridges in the Zhengzhou–Xi'an High-Speed Railway which were designed to survive fault movements 10) Line 1, Wuhan Metro Bridge: Length: world. connects Zhengzhou and Xi'an, in China. The without catastrophic damage. 37,788 meters; Country: China; Completed in: 7) Sheikh Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah bridge is 79,732 metres (261,588 ft; 49.543 mi) 1) Danyang–Kunshan Grand Bridge: Length: 2009 Causeway: Length: 48,500 meters; Country: long crossing the Wei River twice, as well as 164,800 meters; Country: China; Completed in: The Line 1 of Wuhan Metro is an elevated metro Kuwait; Completed in: 2019 many other rivers, highways and railways. Upon 2010 line in the city of Wuhan, Hubei. It is the longest The Sheikh Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah its completion, it was the longest bridge in the The Danyang–Kunshan Grand Bridge is a 169- continuous metro viaduct in the world. Line 1 Causeway is a mega bridge project with an world, but surpassed by two new bridges on kilometre-long (105 mi) viaduct on the opened on 28 July 2004, making Wuhan the estimated construction value of approximately Beijing–Shanghai High-Speed Railway that Beijing–Shanghai High-Speed Railway. It is the fifth city in mainland China to have a metro US$3 billion that spans the Bay of Kuwait in two completed in 2010. The bridge was completed world's longest bridge. The bridge is located on system after Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and directions and comprises two projects: Main in 2008 but the railway line itself did not open the rail line between Shanghai and Nanjing in Guangzhou. This is the first Metro line in China Link, which connects Kuwait City with the future until February 6, 2010. During construction of Jiangsu province. It is in the Yangtze River Delta incorrectly referred to as a light rail line in Silk City; and Doha Link, which connects the Weinan Weihe Grand Bridge there were at where the geography is characterised by Chinese terminology because it is elevated. Kuwait City with Doha and the Kuwait least 10,000 workers 2,300,000cubic meters of lowland rice paddies, canals, rivers, and lakes. Originally a branch line was planned to cross the Entertainment City. The project forms part of concrete and 45,000 tons of steel The bridge runs roughly parallel to the Yangtze Yangtze to Wuchang District via the Second the Kuwait National Development Plan 2035. 3) Tianjin Grand Bridge: Length: 113,700 River, about 8 to 80 km (5 to 50 mi) south of the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge. The bridges are named after the late Sheikh meters; Country: China; Completed in: 2004 river. It passes through the northern edges of 9) Lake Pontchartrain Causeway: Length: Jaber Al-Sabah who reigned during the Gulf Tianjin Grand Bridge is a railway viaduct bridge population centers (from west to east) beginning 38,442 meters; Country: United States; War. to commemorate his contribution to the that runs between Langfang and Qingxian, part in Danyang, Changzhou, Wuxi, Suzhou, and Completed in: 1956 (southbound), 1969 development of Kuwait. It is one of the largest of the Beijing–Shanghai High-Speed Railway. It ending in Kunshan. There is a 9-kilometre long (northbound) and most challenging transport infrastructure is one of the longest bridges in the world with a (5.6 mi) section over open water across The Lake Pontchartrain Causeway, sometimes projects in Kuwait, as well as the entire Middle total length of about 113,700m, or 70.6 miles. It Yangcheng Lake in Suzhou. It was completed in only the causeway, is a fixed link composed of East region. The Main Link is the 4th longest was completed in 2010 and opened in 2011. At 2010 and opened in 2011. Employing 10,000 two parallel bridges crossing Lake Pontchartrain road bridge in the world at 36.14 km. Both the time Guinness World Records recorded it as people, construction took four years and cost in southern Louisiana, United States. The bridges have a combined length of 48.5 the second longest bridge in the world. The about $8.5 billion. The Danyang–Kunshan longer of the two bridges is 23.83 miles (38.35 kilometers design of the elevated track was chosen on the Grand Bridge currently holds the Guinness km) long. The southern terminus of the 6) Bang Na Expressway: Length: 54,000 one hand to avoid numerous individual World Record for the longest bridge in the world causeway is in Metairie, Louisiana, a suburb of meters; Country: Thailand; Completed in: 2000 structures for crossing roads and railways, and in any category as of June 2011. New Orleans. The northern terminus is at The Bang Na Expressway, officially Burapha on the other to shorten the construction period. Mandeville, Louisiana. Since 1969, it was listed Withi Expressway, is a 55 km long six-lane In addition, the railway line requires less land Pradeep Kumar Deshpande by Guinness World Records as the longest elevated highway in Thailand. It is a toll road area in this design: a railway embankment HO: F&A bridge over water in the world; in 2011, in and runs above National Highway route 34, requires 28.4 hectares per routed kilometer, the 64 Be humble, be simple and be noble – Ramesh Kumar Bung. Eat a little, drink a little, talk a little and sleep a little – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 65 (Bang Na–Trat Highway) owned by the bridge but only 10.9 ha, less than half the area. Expressway Authority of Thailand (EXAT). The The bridge consists of 32 m long box girders 10 LONGEST Bang Na Expressway was designed by the late weighing 860 tons each. These girders were Louis Berger. created in two workplaces along the bridge, 5) Weinan Weihe Grand Bridge: Length: brought to the installation site on the bridge BRIDGES IN 79,732 meters; Country: China; Completed in: section already installed, and then placed on the 2008 piers by a special crane. The Weinan Weihe Grand Bridge is a part of the 2) Changhua–Kaohsiung Viaduct: Length: Zhengzhou–Xi'an High-Speed Railway which 157,317 meters; Country: Taiwan; Completed THE WORLD connects Zhengzhou and Xi'an, in China. The in: 2004 bridge is 79,732 metres (261,588 ft; 49.543 mi) The Changhua–Kaohsiung Viaduct is the long crossing the Wei River twice, as well as world's second longest bridge. The bridge acts many other rivers, highways and railways. Upon as a viaduct for part of the railway line of the One of the most significant creations in the history of response to the opening of the longer Jiaozhou its completion, it was the longest bridge in the Taiwan High Speed Rail network. Over 200 human kind is the concept of building bridges to Bay Bridge in China, Guinness World Records world, but surpassed by two new bridges on million passengers had been carried over it by provide passage, overcome obstacles, connect places created two categories for bridges over water: Beijing–Shanghai High-Speed Railway that December 2012. THSR Changhua, Yunlin, and achieve progress as a society. Humans have built continuous and aggregate lengths over water. completed in 2010. The bridge was completed Chiayi, Tainan stations are built along this some astonishing bridges around the world, either to Lake Pontchartrain Causeway then became the in 2008 but the railway line itself did not open viaduct. Completed in 2007, the bridge is make life easier or to enable nations to develop longest bridge over water while Jiaozhou Bay until February 6, 2010. During construction of 157,317m (516,132 ft) or 97.8 miles in length. beyond imagination. Here's a look at some of the Bridge the longest bridge over water (aggregate) the Weinan Weihe Grand Bridge there were at The railway is built across a vast series of longest bridges built in the history of mankind. While 8) Beijing Grand Bridge: Length: 48,153 least 10,000 workers 2,300,000cubic meters of viaducts, as they were designed to be no Indian bridges feature in this list, guess which meters; Country: China; Completed in: 2010 concrete and 45,000 tons of steel earthquake resistant to allow for trains to stop country does house the majority of these bridges? Do Beijing Grand Bridge is a 48.153 kilometres 4) Cangde Grand Bridge: Length: 105,810 safely during a seismic event and for repairable you think India will soon be as efficient and high-tech (29.921 mi) long railway viaduct on the meters; Country: China; Completed in: 2010 damage following a maximum design as China to build such stupendous structures? Share Beijing–Shanghai High-Speed Railway, located The Weinan Weihe Grand Bridge is a part of the earthquake. Bridges built over known fault lines your views below. in Beijing. It is one of the longest bridges in the Zhengzhou–Xi'an High-Speed Railway which were designed to survive fault movements 10) Line 1, Wuhan Metro Bridge: Length: world. connects Zhengzhou and Xi'an, in China. The without catastrophic damage. 37,788 meters; Country: China; Completed in: 7) Sheikh Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah bridge is 79,732 metres (261,588 ft; 49.543 mi) 1) Danyang–Kunshan Grand Bridge: Length: 2009 Causeway: Length: 48,500 meters; Country: long crossing the Wei River twice, as well as 164,800 meters; Country: China; Completed in: The Line 1 of Wuhan Metro is an elevated metro Kuwait; Completed in: 2019 many other rivers, highways and railways. Upon 2010 line in the city of Wuhan, Hubei. It is the longest The Sheikh Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah its completion, it was the longest bridge in the The Danyang–Kunshan Grand Bridge is a 169- continuous metro viaduct in the world. Line 1 Causeway is a mega bridge project with an world, but surpassed by two new bridges on kilometre-long (105 mi) viaduct on the opened on 28 July 2004, making Wuhan the estimated construction value of approximately Beijing–Shanghai High-Speed Railway that Beijing–Shanghai High-Speed Railway. It is the fifth city in mainland China to have a metro US$3 billion that spans the Bay of Kuwait in two completed in 2010. The bridge was completed world's longest bridge. The bridge is located on system after Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and directions and comprises two projects: Main in 2008 but the railway line itself did not open the rail line between Shanghai and Nanjing in Guangzhou. This is the first Metro line in China Link, which connects Kuwait City with the future until February 6, 2010. During construction of Jiangsu province. It is in the Yangtze River Delta incorrectly referred to as a light rail line in Silk City; and Doha Link, which connects the Weinan Weihe Grand Bridge there were at where the geography is characterised by Chinese terminology because it is elevated. Kuwait City with Doha and the Kuwait least 10,000 workers 2,300,000cubic meters of lowland rice paddies, canals, rivers, and lakes. Originally a branch line was planned to cross the Entertainment City. The project forms part of concrete and 45,000 tons of steel The bridge runs roughly parallel to the Yangtze Yangtze to Wuchang District via the Second the Kuwait National Development Plan 2035. 3) Tianjin Grand Bridge: Length: 113,700 River, about 8 to 80 km (5 to 50 mi) south of the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge. The bridges are named after the late Sheikh meters; Country: China; Completed in: 2004 river. It passes through the northern edges of 9) Lake Pontchartrain Causeway: Length: Jaber Al-Sabah who reigned during the Gulf Tianjin Grand Bridge is a railway viaduct bridge population centers (from west to east) beginning 38,442 meters; Country: United States; War. to commemorate his contribution to the that runs between Langfang and Qingxian, part in Danyang, Changzhou, Wuxi, Suzhou, and Completed in: 1956 (southbound), 1969 development of Kuwait. It is one of the largest of the Beijing–Shanghai High-Speed Railway. It ending in Kunshan. There is a 9-kilometre long (northbound) and most challenging transport infrastructure is one of the longest bridges in the world with a (5.6 mi) section over open water across The Lake Pontchartrain Causeway, sometimes projects in Kuwait, as well as the entire Middle total length of about 113,700m, or 70.6 miles. It Yangcheng Lake in Suzhou. It was completed in only the causeway, is a fixed link composed of East region. The Main Link is the 4th longest was completed in 2010 and opened in 2011. At 2010 and opened in 2011. Employing 10,000 two parallel bridges crossing Lake Pontchartrain road bridge in the world at 36.14 km. Both the time Guinness World Records recorded it as people, construction took four years and cost in southern Louisiana, United States. The bridges have a combined length of 48.5 the second longest bridge in the world. The about $8.5 billion. The Danyang–Kunshan longer of the two bridges is 23.83 miles (38.35 kilometers design of the elevated track was chosen on the Grand Bridge currently holds the Guinness km) long. The southern terminus of the 6) Bang Na Expressway: Length: 54,000 one hand to avoid numerous individual World Record for the longest bridge in the world causeway is in Metairie, Louisiana, a suburb of meters; Country: Thailand; Completed in: 2000 structures for crossing roads and railways, and in any category as of June 2011. New Orleans. The northern terminus is at The Bang Na Expressway, officially Burapha on the other to shorten the construction period. Mandeville, Louisiana. Since 1969, it was listed Withi Expressway, is a 55 km long six-lane In addition, the railway line requires less land Pradeep Kumar Deshpande by Guinness World Records as the longest elevated highway in Thailand. It is a toll road area in this design: a railway embankment HO: F&A bridge over water in the world; in 2011, in and runs above National Highway route 34, requires 28.4 hectares per routed kilometer, the 64 Be humble, be simple and be noble – Ramesh Kumar Bung. Eat a little, drink a little, talk a little and sleep a little – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 65 THE SCIENCE BEHIND on where you need that change! So all rituals, whether you lock your entire hands and you'll find the it is about etiquette, whether it is about organizational nervousness starts automatically, manifesting in EVERY RITUAL discipline, whether it is about religion, all rituals are whatever you deliver. So it is so important, that nothing but actions performed in order to achieve positively and negatively to understand, there are transformation of a feeling. So whether they ask you certain bodily postures, there are certain bodily rituals, At the outset, bringing these two hands together and Rama Jayam so many times, or asking you to to prostrate, or whether they ask you to go down on there are certain bodily grammar which over a period bowing down. If we don't know the meaning behind it, physically perform certain actions. Which involves your knees in front of the altar of your God, or whether of time as you grow, is getting linked, like how you bite it's nothing but another physical action performed. coordination of body-mind, of just walking one step at they are asking you to sit in certain mudras and certain your nails when you feel nervous, when you are And when we understand the meaning behind it, it's a time, or doing the squats hundred and eight times, or postures, everything has a science behind it, which we tensed, how you bite your nails? If you keep called a ritual. One of the challenges in bringing practicing certain Pranayama in certain ratio. Actions may know, we may not know. But they are all actions supporting a team which always loses. Okay, then you timeless wisdom into contemporary practice is the performed, apart from the physical benefits you performed in order to achieve transformation of a don't have nails left at all, because all the time, as if need to understand the science behind why they derive out of it, it achieves transformation of certain feeling. Architects sitting here, before you begin any you're only going to play and it becomes a habitual asked us to do what they asked us to do. To begin with, feelings. So it's much easier to give you the discipline project, you decide what? Whether it is from a thing. Initially, when you were nervous when you action-feeling is a cycle. It's not linear. The way you act of an action and by consistently performing this religious cue or you have been creative enough to could not handle the performance of what is going to causes certain feelings in you and the way you feel action, eventually you achieve transformation of a come up with your own ritual, but perform a ritual and happen to your team, you bit your nails and in the propels certain actions in you. Action-feeling is a feeling. Shake hands is an action! Glad to meet you. over a period of time, train your entire system to shift future, whenever you bite your nails, you'll start cycle. People say, “I don't speak in public because I'm You're not yet glad, but by over a period of time into a peak state. Those of you who have ever been feeling nervous. So it's so important to understand the very nervous.”. Actually, the contrary is also true. performing the action, glad to meet you, glad to meet trained in public speaking, you will realize that link between action and feeling and the more and Because you don't want to face public, you are you, you enhance the chances of actually feeling glad! whenever you lock your hands, whenever you throw more you understand, then you realize, highest form nervous! The more you face public, you will overcome It is one thing to feel that love and to act. But how your hands inside your pocket… People who have of psychology was religion. They just realized what nervousness, which means in spite of nervousness, many of us have experienced? The more and more trained you in public speaking would have always told sort of actions can be induced into you, performing the moment you come and face the public, the action you hug a person, your affinity and attachment for the you, “Leave your hands free!” and there's a reason which you can achieve certain transformation of that you're performing will bring about certain person actually grows. An action performed in order behind it. Again, research suggests, whenever you feel feelings. Literally speaking, when you and me bring changes in your feelings. And that is why you'll see a to achieve transformation of a feeling. A ritual a little diffident, whenever you feel a little nervous, our hands together and bow down to each other, you lot of reluctant communicators, who reluctantly come basically means actions performed in order to achieve whenever you feel a little withdrawn, you do not leave know what is actually internally happening? The you to the mike and reluctantly start to speak. And once transformation of a feeling. Those of you who have your hands free. Your hands either lock up, or it picks in me is bowing down to the me in you. And they start speaking willingly, they never end! They'll played competitive sport, I am sure you have gone up some object and holds. A confident speaker will not experientially understand, we are way, way beyond all keep on talking, because this action that you have through that. You're playing your table tennis match hold the mike and a nervous speaker cannot help but these labels by which we have identified ourselves and performed, the moment it removes that nervousness and you're down six-nine. And somehow, a friend of hold the mike. Now listen what happens to your hence the ritual of bringing the hands together and within you… Now, this accident, this action propels yours whom you respect and value, screams from the system. Because you are nervous, you hold the mike bowing down to each other. Now, what is important is, confidence within you, and you'll begin to see that crowd, “Hey, you can do it! Fight!” and somehow you stand and speak. Now internally, this emotion of your when this is performed as an action, you've done confidence emulating through this very action! do a body language. And you don't know what nervousness and the body language of holding the nothing but a bending exercise. When a reverence is Religion is the highest form of psychology. They happened with that action that you performed, or mike has become a memory. In the future, every time brought to that action when you understand the studied human behaviour and realized, to bring about somewhere you acknowledged to him that you will do you hold the mike stand, your system will start feeling meaning behind it and for a moment, a conscious certain changes, certain transformations in you, it and something within you got pumped up. And here nervous. It cues in that nervousness into the entire reminder happens that I in spirit and you in spirit are especially in the feeling domain, the easiest way to you began to serve and it was ten-all! Something system. So let us say, last time you felt diffident, very one and the same… Over a period of time of achieve that is, give you the discipline of certain within the same player, some feeling within the same diffident and very nervous and you have thrown your performing this action, will achieve a transformation actions. And in performing those actions, you will be player has been transformed, through an action that hands inside the pocket and spoken. In the future, of a feeling and the sort of liberation that you have. able to achieve the transformation of the feeling! For was performed. Action feeling is a cycle. Religion because an internal memory has been created linking Suddenly, it doesn't matter in the midst of whom you example, to teach somebody who has never being the higher psychology, they understood the this action with this feeling, first time you felt nervous are, you still feel all of us are connected to each other. concentrated in life concentration, by a mere speech, whole thing. That is why even now, to bring about and your body was in certain ways. In the future, And it's a tremendous liberation to experience. when your body is in certain ways, you will start by a mere lecture it's not going to happen. So they certain transformations in your children in parenting, Preethi Awasthi gave you the ritual of either running the rosary beads by inducing them into certain actions, you will be able feeling like that. So the moment, even as a confident HO: F&A or initiating you into a mantra and asking you to keep to achieve the transformation of the feeling much, speaker, you come in, you're about to begin, and the practicing that mantra. Or asking you to write, say, Sri much more than continuously giving them a lecture moment your hands go into the pocket, somewhere 66 There is nothing that the world needs today more than mutual understanding – Ramesh Kumar Bung. Knowledge without wisdom brings troubles and sorrows – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 67 THE SCIENCE BEHIND on where you need that change! So all rituals, whether you lock your entire hands and you'll find the it is about etiquette, whether it is about organizational nervousness starts automatically, manifesting in EVERY RITUAL discipline, whether it is about religion, all rituals are whatever you deliver. So it is so important, that nothing but actions performed in order to achieve positively and negatively to understand, there are transformation of a feeling. So whether they ask you certain bodily postures, there are certain bodily rituals, At the outset, bringing these two hands together and Rama Jayam so many times, or asking you to to prostrate, or whether they ask you to go down on there are certain bodily grammar which over a period bowing down. If we don't know the meaning behind it, physically perform certain actions. Which involves your knees in front of the altar of your God, or whether of time as you grow, is getting linked, like how you bite it's nothing but another physical action performed. coordination of body-mind, of just walking one step at they are asking you to sit in certain mudras and certain your nails when you feel nervous, when you are And when we understand the meaning behind it, it's a time, or doing the squats hundred and eight times, or postures, everything has a science behind it, which we tensed, how you bite your nails? If you keep called a ritual. One of the challenges in bringing practicing certain Pranayama in certain ratio. Actions may know, we may not know. But they are all actions supporting a team which always loses. Okay, then you timeless wisdom into contemporary practice is the performed, apart from the physical benefits you performed in order to achieve transformation of a don't have nails left at all, because all the time, as if need to understand the science behind why they derive out of it, it achieves transformation of certain feeling. Architects sitting here, before you begin any you're only going to play and it becomes a habitual asked us to do what they asked us to do. To begin with, feelings. So it's much easier to give you the discipline project, you decide what? Whether it is from a thing. Initially, when you were nervous when you action-feeling is a cycle. It's not linear. The way you act of an action and by consistently performing this religious cue or you have been creative enough to could not handle the performance of what is going to causes certain feelings in you and the way you feel action, eventually you achieve transformation of a come up with your own ritual, but perform a ritual and happen to your team, you bit your nails and in the propels certain actions in you. Action-feeling is a feeling. Shake hands is an action! Glad to meet you. over a period of time, train your entire system to shift future, whenever you bite your nails, you'll start cycle. People say, “I don't speak in public because I'm You're not yet glad, but by over a period of time into a peak state. Those of you who have ever been feeling nervous. So it's so important to understand the very nervous.”. Actually, the contrary is also true. performing the action, glad to meet you, glad to meet trained in public speaking, you will realize that link between action and feeling and the more and Because you don't want to face public, you are you, you enhance the chances of actually feeling glad! whenever you lock your hands, whenever you throw more you understand, then you realize, highest form nervous! The more you face public, you will overcome It is one thing to feel that love and to act. But how your hands inside your pocket… People who have of psychology was religion. They just realized what nervousness, which means in spite of nervousness, many of us have experienced? The more and more trained you in public speaking would have always told sort of actions can be induced into you, performing the moment you come and face the public, the action you hug a person, your affinity and attachment for the you, “Leave your hands free!” and there's a reason which you can achieve certain transformation of that you're performing will bring about certain person actually grows. An action performed in order behind it. Again, research suggests, whenever you feel feelings. Literally speaking, when you and me bring changes in your feelings. And that is why you'll see a to achieve transformation of a feeling. A ritual a little diffident, whenever you feel a little nervous, our hands together and bow down to each other, you lot of reluctant communicators, who reluctantly come basically means actions performed in order to achieve whenever you feel a little withdrawn, you do not leave know what is actually internally happening? The you to the mike and reluctantly start to speak. And once transformation of a feeling. Those of you who have your hands free. Your hands either lock up, or it picks in me is bowing down to the me in you. And they start speaking willingly, they never end! They'll played competitive sport, I am sure you have gone up some object and holds. A confident speaker will not experientially understand, we are way, way beyond all keep on talking, because this action that you have through that. You're playing your table tennis match hold the mike and a nervous speaker cannot help but these labels by which we have identified ourselves and performed, the moment it removes that nervousness and you're down six-nine. And somehow, a friend of hold the mike. Now listen what happens to your hence the ritual of bringing the hands together and within you… Now, this accident, this action propels yours whom you respect and value, screams from the system. Because you are nervous, you hold the mike bowing down to each other. Now, what is important is, confidence within you, and you'll begin to see that crowd, “Hey, you can do it! Fight!” and somehow you stand and speak. Now internally, this emotion of your when this is performed as an action, you've done confidence emulating through this very action! do a body language. And you don't know what nervousness and the body language of holding the nothing but a bending exercise. When a reverence is Religion is the highest form of psychology. They happened with that action that you performed, or mike has become a memory. In the future, every time brought to that action when you understand the studied human behaviour and realized, to bring about somewhere you acknowledged to him that you will do you hold the mike stand, your system will start feeling meaning behind it and for a moment, a conscious certain changes, certain transformations in you, it and something within you got pumped up. And here nervous. It cues in that nervousness into the entire reminder happens that I in spirit and you in spirit are especially in the feeling domain, the easiest way to you began to serve and it was ten-all! Something system. So let us say, last time you felt diffident, very one and the same… Over a period of time of achieve that is, give you the discipline of certain within the same player, some feeling within the same diffident and very nervous and you have thrown your performing this action, will achieve a transformation actions. And in performing those actions, you will be player has been transformed, through an action that hands inside the pocket and spoken. In the future, of a feeling and the sort of liberation that you have. able to achieve the transformation of the feeling! For was performed. Action feeling is a cycle. Religion because an internal memory has been created linking Suddenly, it doesn't matter in the midst of whom you example, to teach somebody who has never being the higher psychology, they understood the this action with this feeling, first time you felt nervous are, you still feel all of us are connected to each other. concentrated in life concentration, by a mere speech, whole thing. That is why even now, to bring about and your body was in certain ways. In the future, And it's a tremendous liberation to experience. when your body is in certain ways, you will start by a mere lecture it's not going to happen. So they certain transformations in your children in parenting, Preethi Awasthi gave you the ritual of either running the rosary beads by inducing them into certain actions, you will be able feeling like that. So the moment, even as a confident HO: F&A or initiating you into a mantra and asking you to keep to achieve the transformation of the feeling much, speaker, you come in, you're about to begin, and the practicing that mantra. Or asking you to write, say, Sri much more than continuously giving them a lecture moment your hands go into the pocket, somewhere 66 There is nothing that the world needs today more than mutual understanding – Ramesh Kumar Bung. Knowledge without wisdom brings troubles and sorrows – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 67 FINDING PEACE IN A PANDEMIC READY RECKONER OF There are two things in life. One is called circle of this happens with the economy. Economy! influence, other is called circle of concern. What is Circle of concern is when economy will bounce back. INDIAN STATES circle of influence? I can do something about it. What When will the markets open? When will the lockdown is circle of concern? I am concerned about it, but I be removed? When will we get back? Circle of have no control over it. I have absolutely no control concern. Circle of influence is this time can be utilized over it. What to teach all of you right now, I can to develop your personal competence. You can learn choose. I have control over it. How you absorb my S.NO. NAME OF CAPITAL AREA POPULATION LITERACY LOK ASSEMBLY a new technology. You can be future-ready. You can THE STATE (in sq. ( In Millions) (In %) SABHA SEATS teaching, I have no control over it. Asking a question, create horizontal exposure to you. You can be part of Kms) SEATS you have control over it. But whether I read the online tutorials. You can be mentored by people. 01. Andhra Amaravati 162970 52.883 67.0 25 175 question, or it gets lost in the scroll, you have no Pradesh control over it. To ensure that my gardener's child is You can relook at your systems and how they can be 02. Arunachal Itanagar 83743 1.528 65.4 2 60 not deprived of education, you can influence it. To improved, organizational policies can be created. Essentially, I can become future-ready. I don't know Pradesh ensure there is no illiteracy in the world, you have no 03. Asom Dispur 78438 34.586 72.2 14 126 control over it. when the future flow will start, but I can be future- ready. Instead of living so much in fear about what this 04. Bihar Patna 94163 119.461 62.8 39 243 So in everything in life, there is a circle of influence, 05. Chattisgarh Nia Raipur 135192 28.566 71.3 11 91 one invisible virus can do, I can take my personal there is a circle of concern. Circle of influence is what immune system, personal metabolism, and personal 06. Goa Panaji 3702 1.542 88.7 2 40 07. Gujarat Gandhinagar 196244 63.907 78.0 26 182 you can control, what you can influence and circle of respiratory health to such levels. That is not a matter of 08. Haryana Chandigarh 44212 27.388 75.6 10 90 concern is, you're concerned about it, it bothers you, concern to me in the future. But what is important is 09. Himachal Simla 55673 7.316 82.8 4 - but you have no control over it. No matter how much this. This is what research reveals, and this is very my thinking, my feeling, my intelligence is directed Pradesh important for all of you. towards my circle of concern, except creating 10. Jammu & Srinagar (Summer) 222236 13.635 67.2 6 89 dissipation of energy, it's capable of doing nothing. When you keep… And for everybody, or you, their Kashmir Jammu (Winter) circle of concern is always bigger than their circle of 11. Jharkhand Ranchi 79716 37.329 66.4 14 81 There are a lot of these people who dissipate a lot of influence. Everywhere. But this is what research 12. Karnataka Bangalore 191791 66.165 75.4 28 225 this energy, why the world is like this? Circle of reveals. Those who keep working on their circle of 13. Kerala Thiruvananthapuram 38852 35.330 94.0 20 - concern. What can I do in this world? Circle of influence, one day this circle of influence grows and 14. Madhya Bhopal 308252 82.342 69.3 29 231 influence. So coronavirus, even the greatest of what was in circle of concern comes within circle of Pr adesh scientists in the world, do still not even understand the influence. On the contrary, those who keep always 15. Maharashtra Mumbai 307713 120.837 82.3 48 289 virus, its mutation, its essential signature, what can working on their circle of concern, their circle of 16. Manipur Imphal 22327 3.008 76.9 2 - counter it, what can be the medicine, what can be the influence shrinks so much that even what they used to 17. Meghalaya Shillong 22429 3.276 74.4 2 60 vaccination. Even for them, it's still a circle of concern. control earlier, now they have no control over. 18. Mizoram Aizaw al 21081 1.205 91.3 1 40 Circle of influence is, that you keep your nasal health 19. Nagaland Kohima 16579 2.189 79.6 1 60 Since it's very important for everybody, the circle of good. You keep practicing your breathing right. Now 20. Odisha Bhubaneshwar 155707 45.429 72.9 21 147 concern is greater than the circle of influence. you are reacting, but on the long run, ensure that you 21. Punjab Chandigarh 50362 29.611 75.8 13 117 However, those who keep working in their circle of have a good immune system. Ensure you maintain 22. Rajasthan Jaipur 342239 78.230 66.1 25 200 influence, their circle of influence expand so much so, your personal hygiene, whether it's the mask or 23. Sikkim Gangtok 7096 0.671 81.4 1 32 what was in the circle of concern one day comes wearing disposable gloves or washing your hands, 24 . Tamil Nadu Chennai 130060 76.481 80.1 39 235 within the circle of influence. Again, you'll have a new whatever can be done! 25. Telangana Hyderabad 112077 38.472 66.4 17 120 circle of concern, which will be… but the old circle of 26. Tripura Agartala 10486 4.057 87.2 2 60 There is a part which you can control. There's a part concern will come inside your circle of influence. On 27. Uttar Pradesh Lucknow 240928 228.959 67.7 80 403 you can only be concerned about. And this is not just the contrary, if you keep working on your circle of 28. Uttarakhand Deharadun 53483 11.090 78.8 5 70 with corona. Somebody had asked, “I love concern only, even your existing circle of influence will somebody, but they do not love me.” People who 29. West Bengal Kolkata 88752 97.694 76.3 42 295 shrink. Even what you used to influence, you will not 30. A&N Islands Port blair 8249 0.419 86.6 - - make you beg for love, you will have to keep begging be able to influence in the future. So control what you for the rest of your life for their love. If somebody does 31. Chandigarh Chandigarh 114 1.126 86.0 - - can control. Do your best and leave the rest. There's 32. D&N Haveli Silvassa 491 0.378 76.2 - - not recognize your value in their life, they just don't nothing greater than what that force plus you can recognize your value in life! 33. Daman & Diu Daman 111 0.220 87.1 - - achieve energy plus intelligent effort plus faith in the 34. Delhi Delhi 1483 18.345 86.2 7 70 In the time you are begging for one person to love, energy… It's an exceptional combination and that will 35. Lakshadweep Kavaratti 30 0.71 91.8 - - there are a lot of people who love you and you are not see you through. Absolutely see you through. 36. Puduchery Puduchery 490 1.375 85.8 1 - even recognizing this, you're not even noticing it. LVS Prasad What is important is this. This happens in parenting, HO: Credit G. Padmini this happens in your health, this happens with corona, HO: IT

68 Truth is uncompromising – Ramesh Kumar Bung. Truth cannot dwell in a passionate man – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 69 FINDING PEACE IN A PANDEMIC READY RECKONER OF There are two things in life. One is called circle of this happens with the economy. Economy! influence, other is called circle of concern. What is Circle of concern is when economy will bounce back. INDIAN STATES circle of influence? I can do something about it. What When will the markets open? When will the lockdown is circle of concern? I am concerned about it, but I be removed? When will we get back? Circle of have no control over it. I have absolutely no control concern. Circle of influence is this time can be utilized over it. What to teach all of you right now, I can to develop your personal competence. You can learn choose. I have control over it. How you absorb my S.NO. NAME OF CAPITAL AREA POPULATION LITERACY LOK ASSEMBLY a new technology. You can be future-ready. You can THE STATE (in sq. ( In Millions) (In %) SABHA SEATS teaching, I have no control over it. Asking a question, create horizontal exposure to you. You can be part of Kms) SEATS you have control over it. But whether I read the online tutorials. You can be mentored by people. 01. Andhra Amaravati 162970 52.883 67.0 25 175 question, or it gets lost in the scroll, you have no Pradesh control over it. To ensure that my gardener's child is You can relook at your systems and how they can be 02. Arunachal Itanagar 83743 1.528 65.4 2 60 not deprived of education, you can influence it. To improved, organizational policies can be created. Essentially, I can become future-ready. I don't know Pradesh ensure there is no illiteracy in the world, you have no 03. Asom Dispur 78438 34.586 72.2 14 126 control over it. when the future flow will start, but I can be future- ready. Instead of living so much in fear about what this 04. Bihar Patna 94163 119.461 62.8 39 243 So in everything in life, there is a circle of influence, 05. Chattisgarh Nia Raipur 135192 28.566 71.3 11 91 one invisible virus can do, I can take my personal there is a circle of concern. Circle of influence is what immune system, personal metabolism, and personal 06. Goa Panaji 3702 1.542 88.7 2 40 07. Gujarat Gandhinagar 196244 63.907 78.0 26 182 you can control, what you can influence and circle of respiratory health to such levels. That is not a matter of 08. Haryana Chandigarh 44212 27.388 75.6 10 90 concern is, you're concerned about it, it bothers you, concern to me in the future. But what is important is 09. Himachal Simla 55673 7.316 82.8 4 - but you have no control over it. No matter how much this. This is what research reveals, and this is very my thinking, my feeling, my intelligence is directed Pradesh important for all of you. towards my circle of concern, except creating 10. Jammu & Srinagar (Summer) 222236 13.635 67.2 6 89 dissipation of energy, it's capable of doing nothing. When you keep… And for everybody, or you, their Kashmir Jammu (Winter) circle of concern is always bigger than their circle of 11. Jharkhand Ranchi 79716 37.329 66.4 14 81 There are a lot of these people who dissipate a lot of influence. Everywhere. But this is what research 12. Karnataka Bangalore 191791 66.165 75.4 28 225 this energy, why the world is like this? Circle of reveals. Those who keep working on their circle of 13. Kerala Thiruvananthapuram 38852 35.330 94.0 20 - concern. What can I do in this world? Circle of influence, one day this circle of influence grows and 14. Madhya Bhopal 308252 82.342 69.3 29 231 influence. So coronavirus, even the greatest of what was in circle of concern comes within circle of Pr adesh scientists in the world, do still not even understand the influence. On the contrary, those who keep always 15. Maharashtra Mumbai 307713 120.837 82.3 48 289 virus, its mutation, its essential signature, what can working on their circle of concern, their circle of 16. Manipur Imphal 22327 3.008 76.9 2 - counter it, what can be the medicine, what can be the influence shrinks so much that even what they used to 17. Meghalaya Shillong 22429 3.276 74.4 2 60 vaccination. Even for them, it's still a circle of concern. control earlier, now they have no control over. 18. Mizoram Aizaw al 21081 1.205 91.3 1 40 Circle of influence is, that you keep your nasal health 19. Nagaland Kohima 16579 2.189 79.6 1 60 Since it's very important for everybody, the circle of good. You keep practicing your breathing right. Now 20. Odisha Bhubaneshwar 155707 45.429 72.9 21 147 concern is greater than the circle of influence. you are reacting, but on the long run, ensure that you 21. Punjab Chandigarh 50362 29.611 75.8 13 117 However, those who keep working in their circle of have a good immune system. Ensure you maintain 22. Rajasthan Jaipur 342239 78.230 66.1 25 200 influence, their circle of influence expand so much so, your personal hygiene, whether it's the mask or 23. Sikkim Gangtok 7096 0.671 81.4 1 32 what was in the circle of concern one day comes wearing disposable gloves or washing your hands, 24 . Tamil Nadu Chennai 130060 76.481 80.1 39 235 within the circle of influence. Again, you'll have a new whatever can be done! 25. Telangana Hyderabad 112077 38.472 66.4 17 120 circle of concern, which will be… but the old circle of 26. Tripura Agartala 10486 4.057 87.2 2 60 There is a part which you can control. There's a part concern will come inside your circle of influence. On 27. Uttar Pradesh Lucknow 240928 228.959 67.7 80 403 you can only be concerned about. And this is not just the contrary, if you keep working on your circle of 28. Uttarakhand Deharadun 53483 11.090 78.8 5 70 with corona. Somebody had asked, “I love concern only, even your existing circle of influence will somebody, but they do not love me.” People who 29. West Bengal Kolkata 88752 97.694 76.3 42 295 shrink. Even what you used to influence, you will not 30. A&N Islands Port blair 8249 0.419 86.6 - - make you beg for love, you will have to keep begging be able to influence in the future. So control what you for the rest of your life for their love. If somebody does 31. Chandigarh Chandigarh 114 1.126 86.0 - - can control. Do your best and leave the rest. There's 32. D&N Haveli Silvassa 491 0.378 76.2 - - not recognize your value in their life, they just don't nothing greater than what that force plus you can recognize your value in life! 33. Daman & Diu Daman 111 0.220 87.1 - - achieve energy plus intelligent effort plus faith in the 34. Delhi Delhi 1483 18.345 86.2 7 70 In the time you are begging for one person to love, energy… It's an exceptional combination and that will 35. Lakshadweep Kavaratti 30 0.71 91.8 - - there are a lot of people who love you and you are not see you through. Absolutely see you through. 36. Puduchery Puduchery 490 1.375 85.8 1 - even recognizing this, you're not even noticing it. LVS Prasad What is important is this. This happens in parenting, HO: Credit G. Padmini this happens in your health, this happens with corona, HO: IT

68 Truth is uncompromising – Ramesh Kumar Bung. Truth cannot dwell in a passionate man – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 69 PANCHATANTRA THE [CROWS AND OWLS –Contd.] Yesterday, when Meghavarna saw so many of his Sthirajeevi, the old minister advised Meghavarna, the crows killed by you, he got very excited and was king of crows: 'Pretend that I am your old enemy. Curse preparing to attack you, but I said to him it is not wise to me with cruel words, spatter me with blood and throw attack them for they are strong and we are weak. I JUDICIARY me at the foot of the banyan tree, so that the enemy advised Meghavarna to make peace with you, by spies are misled into thinking that it is you who have offering presents. But, the other crows incited reduced me to this condition. Then, fly with your entire Meghavarna against me and they are responsible for family and court to Rishyamooka Mountain. Entrench my present condition. They did this because they yourself there, until I can inspire confidence in the suspected me of being on your side. And so, now I look SYSTEM enemy. I shall make a thorough investigation of their to you for protection. What more is there for me to say? stronghold and afterwards, we shall burn the owl As soon as I am able to fly again, I shall lead you to during the daytime, for it is then that they are blind and where they are and you can kill them'. will be unable to escape. Now, please don't be afraid of When Arimardana (the owl king) heard this, he took IN INDIA me and put obstacles in my way'. The king agreed. counsel with his five hereditary ministers, and asked And so, Sthirajeevi started a sham quarrel with them, 'My friends, my enemy's minister has fallen into Meghavarna. When the crow king's followers heard my hands, what shall I do with him?' The first minister Sthirajeevi's abusive language, they were ready to kill advised the king to kill the old crow and remove a him, but Meghavarna restrained them and said, 'Away! potential damage to the kingdom. The second minister Recently, the President of India has expressed case. They are the highest judicial authority below I will take care of this enemy agent personally'. Then he said that the king should not kill the crow that has come concern over the pendency of court cases in the a High Court Judge. Below it are courts of civil pounced upon Sthirajeevi and began to peck him with to them for protection. The second minister also country. jurisdiction, in each state. his beak. He smeared him with the blood of a dead advised that the crow should not be killed as he may Supreme Court of India: Chief Justice and 33 District and Sessions Judges Court: there are animal and left him lying at the foot of the banyan tree. prove beneficial to them by exposing the weakness of other judges. As on 1st July 2019, the apex court over 2067 District and Sessions Judges and 1375 Then he flew away with his court. his own class. The fourth minister has also endorsed had 59331 cases pending. Senior Civil Judges and Chief Judicial Magistrates. Now, wife of the owl king happened to be spying at that the view of the third as the other crows have treated High Court (in each state): Total number of The other courts in the judicial system of the time. She went and reported to her husband, 'Your him badly. He would certainly tell their weak points. st sanctioned judges: 1070. Vacant: 400. As on 1 country are: enemy is in a state of panic. He has flown off with his The fifth minister told that a friendship may develop court'. When the owl king heard this, he waited for between the crow and owls. July, 2019, 43.55 lakh cases were pending across Ÿ Metropolitan Magistrate's Courts sunset and then set out with his retinue and the rest of The king has finally agreed that the crow should not be the country in 24 High Courts. Moreover, the Ÿ City Civil and Sessions Courts highest court for the two states, Punjab and the owls to look for the crows and kill them. 'Hurry up! killed and took the crow to their cave. Sthirajeevi said, Ÿ Subordinate Judge's Court (Civil) It is good luck to have a terrified enemy', he cried. All 'I have been reduced to this plight by Meghavarna, Haryana High Court, has 393953 pending cases. Ÿ the owls flew to the banyan tree to be sure that the because of you. Now, I should like to be reborn an owl, Rajasthan has the highest pending with 741358 Provincial Small Causes Court enemy had really left, and surrounded it from all sides. so that I can have my revenge on him'. On the way to cases, followed by Allahabad High Court with Ÿ Court of Session (Criminal) When they failed to find the crows, the king of the owls the cave, the crow smiled in his heart of hearts. When 725143 and Bombay with 464074. The highest Ÿ Munsiff's Court (About 4307 Munsiffs Judges) perched himself on a branch of the tree. His court they reached the entrance of the cave the owl king number of pending criminal cases is in Allahabad Ÿ Nyay Panchayats gathered round him and started flattering him on his ordered his servants to assign the crow a suitable place High Court -318774, followed by Rajasthan High success, but he said, 'Enough! Find out which way the in the cave. Ÿ Subordinate Magistrate's Court enemy went. We must overtake them and kill them When Sthirajeevi heard the owl king, he thought to Court-223646 and Madhya Pradesh-125253. Ÿ Panchayat/Adalats Meghalaya has the lowest number of criminal cases before they entrench themselves'. himself, 'I have to work out a plan to destroy these Ÿ Judicial and Executive Magistrates Meanwhile, Sthirajeevi had hidden himself at a owls. Now, if I stay amongst them, they may get pending-46 before the High Court. Lok Adalat: Lok Adalat or the people's court is vantage point. He thought to himself, 'Now, whatever I suspicious and discover from my behaviour, my real Against the number of 774 total courts, Punjab meant to address public grievance in a have started, I must see through to the end. I think now purpose. So I shall stay at the cave entrance and plan State has strength of 528 judicial officers However, participative, accommodative way with fairness, is the moment for my next move. I shall make them what I have in mind'. So, he said to the king of owls, 73 of them are on deputation or are holding ex- transparency efficiency and lack of animosity. aware of my presence'. And so, he began to caw feebly. 'Your Majesty, it is very nice of you but I would prefer cadre posts. Three judicial officers are also under Immediately all the owls covered on him to kill him. not to stay inside with you, for I belong to a clan which Tribunals in India: suspension. In Haryana, there are 484 judicial The crow cried, 'Stop! Listen to me. I am Sthirajeevi, is your enemy. So, I will stay here at the entrance of the Central Administrative Tribunal officers against 670 total courts and 72 judicial the crow king Meghavarna's minister. It is he who has cave. My Lord, I hold you in high esteem. The dust of Armed Forces Tribunal reduced me to this plight. Communicate this to your your lotus feet shall sanctify me and I shall be your officers are on deputation or are holding ex-cadre National Green Tribunal master. And tell him that I have some particularly servant forever'. The king agreed. By his order, the posts and three officials are under suspension. Railways Claim Tribunal interesting information to give him'. servants began to feed Sthirajeevi on various choice Every state is divided into judicial districts presided Y. Sanjiva Reddy When the owl king heard this, he was very surprised. foods and bits of flesh and, in a few days, he became as over by a District and Sessions Judge. A District HO: Recoveries He hurried to Sthirajeevi and said, 'Good Gracious! fit as a peacock. Judge is one who presides over a civil case, and a How did you come to be in this state? Tell me'. [To be continued] Sessions Judge is one who presides over a criminal Sthirajeevi replied, 'My Lord! This is how it happened. T. Gangadhar Rao Head Office 70 Arrogance is a mixture of impatience and disobedience – Ramesh Kumar Bung. It is a great loss to a man when he cannot smile and laugh – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 71 PANCHATANTRA THE [CROWS AND OWLS –Contd.] Yesterday, when Meghavarna saw so many of his Sthirajeevi, the old minister advised Meghavarna, the crows killed by you, he got very excited and was king of crows: 'Pretend that I am your old enemy. Curse preparing to attack you, but I said to him it is not wise to me with cruel words, spatter me with blood and throw attack them for they are strong and we are weak. I JUDICIARY me at the foot of the banyan tree, so that the enemy advised Meghavarna to make peace with you, by spies are misled into thinking that it is you who have offering presents. But, the other crows incited reduced me to this condition. Then, fly with your entire Meghavarna against me and they are responsible for family and court to Rishyamooka Mountain. Entrench my present condition. They did this because they yourself there, until I can inspire confidence in the suspected me of being on your side. And so, now I look SYSTEM enemy. I shall make a thorough investigation of their to you for protection. What more is there for me to say? stronghold and afterwards, we shall burn the owl As soon as I am able to fly again, I shall lead you to during the daytime, for it is then that they are blind and where they are and you can kill them'. will be unable to escape. Now, please don't be afraid of When Arimardana (the owl king) heard this, he took IN INDIA me and put obstacles in my way'. The king agreed. counsel with his five hereditary ministers, and asked And so, Sthirajeevi started a sham quarrel with them, 'My friends, my enemy's minister has fallen into Meghavarna. When the crow king's followers heard my hands, what shall I do with him?' The first minister Sthirajeevi's abusive language, they were ready to kill advised the king to kill the old crow and remove a him, but Meghavarna restrained them and said, 'Away! potential damage to the kingdom. The second minister Recently, the President of India has expressed case. They are the highest judicial authority below I will take care of this enemy agent personally'. Then he said that the king should not kill the crow that has come concern over the pendency of court cases in the a High Court Judge. Below it are courts of civil pounced upon Sthirajeevi and began to peck him with to them for protection. The second minister also country. jurisdiction, in each state. his beak. He smeared him with the blood of a dead advised that the crow should not be killed as he may Supreme Court of India: Chief Justice and 33 District and Sessions Judges Court: there are animal and left him lying at the foot of the banyan tree. prove beneficial to them by exposing the weakness of other judges. As on 1st July 2019, the apex court over 2067 District and Sessions Judges and 1375 Then he flew away with his court. his own class. The fourth minister has also endorsed had 59331 cases pending. Senior Civil Judges and Chief Judicial Magistrates. Now, wife of the owl king happened to be spying at that the view of the third as the other crows have treated High Court (in each state): Total number of The other courts in the judicial system of the time. She went and reported to her husband, 'Your him badly. He would certainly tell their weak points. st sanctioned judges: 1070. Vacant: 400. As on 1 country are: enemy is in a state of panic. He has flown off with his The fifth minister told that a friendship may develop court'. When the owl king heard this, he waited for between the crow and owls. July, 2019, 43.55 lakh cases were pending across Ÿ Metropolitan Magistrate's Courts sunset and then set out with his retinue and the rest of The king has finally agreed that the crow should not be the country in 24 High Courts. Moreover, the Ÿ City Civil and Sessions Courts highest court for the two states, Punjab and the owls to look for the crows and kill them. 'Hurry up! killed and took the crow to their cave. Sthirajeevi said, Ÿ Subordinate Judge's Court (Civil) It is good luck to have a terrified enemy', he cried. All 'I have been reduced to this plight by Meghavarna, Haryana High Court, has 393953 pending cases. Ÿ the owls flew to the banyan tree to be sure that the because of you. Now, I should like to be reborn an owl, Rajasthan has the highest pending with 741358 Provincial Small Causes Court enemy had really left, and surrounded it from all sides. so that I can have my revenge on him'. On the way to cases, followed by Allahabad High Court with Ÿ Court of Session (Criminal) When they failed to find the crows, the king of the owls the cave, the crow smiled in his heart of hearts. When 725143 and Bombay with 464074. The highest Ÿ Munsiff's Court (About 4307 Munsiffs Judges) perched himself on a branch of the tree. His court they reached the entrance of the cave the owl king number of pending criminal cases is in Allahabad Ÿ Nyay Panchayats gathered round him and started flattering him on his ordered his servants to assign the crow a suitable place High Court -318774, followed by Rajasthan High success, but he said, 'Enough! Find out which way the in the cave. Ÿ Subordinate Magistrate's Court enemy went. We must overtake them and kill them When Sthirajeevi heard the owl king, he thought to Court-223646 and Madhya Pradesh-125253. Ÿ Panchayat/Adalats Meghalaya has the lowest number of criminal cases before they entrench themselves'. himself, 'I have to work out a plan to destroy these Ÿ Judicial and Executive Magistrates Meanwhile, Sthirajeevi had hidden himself at a owls. Now, if I stay amongst them, they may get pending-46 before the High Court. Lok Adalat: Lok Adalat or the people's court is vantage point. He thought to himself, 'Now, whatever I suspicious and discover from my behaviour, my real Against the number of 774 total courts, Punjab meant to address public grievance in a have started, I must see through to the end. I think now purpose. So I shall stay at the cave entrance and plan State has strength of 528 judicial officers However, participative, accommodative way with fairness, is the moment for my next move. I shall make them what I have in mind'. So, he said to the king of owls, 73 of them are on deputation or are holding ex- transparency efficiency and lack of animosity. aware of my presence'. And so, he began to caw feebly. 'Your Majesty, it is very nice of you but I would prefer cadre posts. Three judicial officers are also under Immediately all the owls covered on him to kill him. not to stay inside with you, for I belong to a clan which Tribunals in India: suspension. In Haryana, there are 484 judicial The crow cried, 'Stop! Listen to me. I am Sthirajeevi, is your enemy. So, I will stay here at the entrance of the Central Administrative Tribunal officers against 670 total courts and 72 judicial the crow king Meghavarna's minister. It is he who has cave. My Lord, I hold you in high esteem. The dust of Armed Forces Tribunal reduced me to this plight. Communicate this to your your lotus feet shall sanctify me and I shall be your officers are on deputation or are holding ex-cadre National Green Tribunal master. And tell him that I have some particularly servant forever'. The king agreed. By his order, the posts and three officials are under suspension. Railways Claim Tribunal interesting information to give him'. servants began to feed Sthirajeevi on various choice Every state is divided into judicial districts presided Y. Sanjiva Reddy When the owl king heard this, he was very surprised. foods and bits of flesh and, in a few days, he became as over by a District and Sessions Judge. A District HO: Recoveries He hurried to Sthirajeevi and said, 'Good Gracious! fit as a peacock. Judge is one who presides over a civil case, and a How did you come to be in this state? Tell me'. [To be continued] Sessions Judge is one who presides over a criminal Sthirajeevi replied, 'My Lord! This is how it happened. T. Gangadhar Rao Head Office 70 Arrogance is a mixture of impatience and disobedience – Ramesh Kumar Bung. It is a great loss to a man when he cannot smile and laugh – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 71 IMMIGRANT VISAS

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72 Laughing is the best tonic to keep one healthy – Ramesh Kumar Bung. Learn to work together – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 73 IMMIGRANT VISAS

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Inter-country Adoption of Orphan Children by U.S. Citizens IR3, IH3, IR4, IH4 Free Trade Agreement (FTA) Professional: H-1B1 - DOL

Chile, Singapore Chile Certain Family Members of U.S. Citizens IR2, CR2, IR5, F1, F3, F4

H - 1B1 – Certain Family Members of Lawful Permanent Residents F2A, F2B

72 Laughing is the best tonic to keep one healthy – Ramesh Kumar Bung. Learn to work together – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 73 ONLY WAY A BANK CAN SURVIVE IS BY

GROWING OR ELSE NPAS WILL BECOME the moratorium was announced by the RBI of India prescription but could consider a moratorium of (RBI) and there was also an extension of the longer nature, maybe a one-time moratorium. I have UNMANAGEABLE moratorium; very well done. I am even more heard other banking leaders talk about it and I would heartened when I see bankers come out and say or stand with them to say that that is probably the need of some NBFCs come out and say that 'X' percent of my the day and probably the lowest cost way in which you Veteran banker KV Kamath in no uncertain terms answer to your question is yes, there will be a customers took the moratorium, that was 2 months will put the banking system back on its feet -- low- made it clear that "the only way a bank can survive is challenge and the sectors where we will have back, but today remaining of them have said that we interest rates, one-time moratorium, and provide by growing" and that "if you do not allow a bank to challenges are also known. So what is the key will pay in time; extremely good news. So, I would them a market to grow and encourage them to grow. I grow, the problem of NPAs is going to be response? think and hope that continues. think this puts back banking on its feet quickest; this is unmanageable". "Whether it is in corporate India, The key responses are on three levels. I learned this However, having said that, if there are sectors who the lesson that I learned going back almost 30 years whether it is in rural India or in retail India, I think we lesson very long back in my previous stint as a genuinely have a problem, I would think that it is right into my career or more and I think it stands true even need to maintain (growth) momentum," said Kamath. development banker, not the current stint that the only time that policymakers could consider, again I have no today. This is something that we could consider. "If I look at pre-COVID, I think the banking sector was way a bank can survive is by growing. If you do not having a problem which was serious. But with all the allow a bank to grow, the problem of NPAs is going to efforts like from government with capital injections unmanageable. So, apart from corrections in terms of and so on, it needed a little more hand-holding but is provisioning, capital injection, and so on, banks will With millions of people across the globe suffering from it, coming out of it." have to grow their way out of NPAs. Growth is going you might assume that most people would know what the The spread of coronavirus and the resultant hit on to be a critical part for the banks coming out of this. So early symptoms of diabetes are. Unfortunately, diabetes 10 EARLY SIGNS businesses would pose a serious challenge for the I think with the steps that have been taken the growth is a disease that still manages to creep in and take you by AND SYMPTOMS OF banking industry no doubt, he said. The second will happen whether it is in corporate India, whether it surprise, because some of its earliest symptoms are either remedy for banks, as per Kamath, is a low-interest rate is in rural India or whether it is in retail India I think we too subtle or just not taken seriously enough by most. DIABETES YOU regime. need to maintain the momentum of growth. Diabetes is a disease that occurs when the amount of glucose or sugar in your body is too high. Blood glucose, SHOULD NOT IGNORE "If interest rates are at 12 percent, your NPA doubles in Second is at this point in time low-interest rates. Lower which is the body's main source of energy, becomes a six years If it doubles in six years, then there is no interest rates are going to be critical for the survival of concern when your body produces too little or no insulin - chance of that institution surviving¦without massive banks and I will explain why? Take a very simple the hormone which regulates blood sugar. There are dehydration and kidney damage. capital injection, and that capital doesn't probably scenario, if interest rates are 12 percent your NPA different types of diabetes you could be suffering from if 3. Frequent infections: Kidney damage is one of the exist," he said. "You need to get down interest rates so doubles in 6 years, and there is no chance, no chance your blood sugar is too high, including Type I, Type II, gestational diabetes and monogenic diabetes. primary effects of high blood sugar, and this, in turn, can you buy time for banks to heal on their own. If banks at all institutions have if an NPA is going to double in 6 cause you to get urinary tract infections, yeast infections, lend at 6 percent, you have 12 years for NPAs to years without massive capital injection. So you need According to a study published in the Indian Journal of Medical Research in 2014, India carries a huge part of the etc repeatedly. double." "Interest rates need to drop even further if to get interest rates down so that you buy time for the disease burden for diabetes with an estimated 65.1 4. Unexplained weight loss: When your body isn't able to banks have to come around without too much pain," banks to heal on their own. So you turn the thing million adults suffering from it in 2013. The study process blood glucose properly, it'll break down fat the veteran banker said. While Kamath lauded recent around, the bank lends at 6 percent, they have 12 explains that most people tend to disregard the early reserves, leading to weight loss without your trying. policy measures like a holiday on loan repayment for years for the NPA to double and clearly you will have symptoms of diabetes because this is a chronic disease 5. Vision problems: High blood sugar can affect your six months, he said borrowers opting to repay loans at least one if not two economic cycles in the period and its consequences are do not become obvious eyesight and cause you to change glasses frequently. irrespectively was excellent news for the industry. For which will raise all boats and the banks will be able to immediately. 6. Skin discolouration: Velvety dark patches on your neck, armpits, groin, etc can be indicators of insulin sectors that are genuinely in pain, Kamath concluded, come back to health. The fact is, diabetes can cause damage, sometimes resistance. a longer moratorium must be considered by severe, years before the symptoms actually become Yes, a capital injection will be required, but the order noticeable. This is unfortunate because as per the 7. Delayed healing: Suffice to say that if there's a problem policymakers of capital injection will be significantly lower than what National Institutes of Health, early detection and with your blood and a condition that increases the risk of Let me turn to the banking sector, clearly the banking it is if you run it in a high-interest rate regime. So I think treatment can reduce the severity of the disease and frequent infections, healing of simple cuts and bruises sector was struggling under the burden of bad loans banks really need to look at how they work with the reduce the risk of further complications associated with it, could also slow down. even before COVID, do you feel that after this that government, with the regulator to ensure that the low- like heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, nerve damage, 8. Increased hunger: Because your body is not creating could exacerbate that problem could become worse, interest rate climate endures. Having said that interest etc. This is precisely the reason why you should take note energy from blood sugar as it usually does, it could does it worry you at all? If I look at pre-COVID, I will rates have started dropping, I would guess that interest of the following early signs and symptoms of diabetes and demand an increased intake of food. consult a doctor immediately. only amend what you said very slightly. I think the rates need to drop even further if the banks have to 9. Irritability: Fluctuations in blood glucose levels can 1. Frequent urination: Having to visit the bathroom too cause fluctuations in your mood. banking sector was having a problem, but I think the come around without too much pain. Otherwise, they often, especially during the night, is one of the key 10. Decreased libido: With everything else going on due banking sector with all the efforts of the government, will probably come around but extreme pain and indications that your blood sugar levels are not normal. to blood glucose fluctuations, loss of sex drive is quite the capital that was injected and so on, is coming out money being provided by various stakeholders which 2. Frequent fatigue: Getting tired too easily or too often natural. of the problems. It needed a little more hand-holding are going to be a challenge that is the second part. may be linked to underlying effects of diabetes like Kothanda Raman when it was coming out of the challenges. Clearly, the The third point I would think is some steps were taken, HO: Clearing 74 Forego your rapture and ecstasy – Ramesh Kumar Bung. The secret of success in life is time rightly used – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 75 ANSWERS the slump in international crude prices and a PADMAVYUHA OR CHAKRA VYUHA decline in bond yield in advance economies; 01. November 2019. flight to safety has led to spike in volatility across 02. TReDS (Trade Receivables electronic Discount all asset classes, with several emerging market System) is an electronic platform where currencies experiencing downside pressures; Now, we are in the Padma vyuha of Carona Virus, formation arrives, the oblivious enemy is receivables on MSMEs drawn against buyers mismatches in US dollar liquidity have become which has become inescapable. However, the surrounded on all sides by seven tiers of soldiers (large corporate, PSUs, Government accentuated across the world. Padmavyuha or Chakravyuha is a military The last soldiers of the formation give the signal of departments) are financed through multiple 09. 25%. formation used to surround enemies, depicted in having completed the Chakravyuha. On the signal, financiers at competitive rates; this is done 10. Payments, Money management, Insurance and the Hindu epic Mahabharata. It resembles a every soldier who so far has been facing outwards through an auction-based mechanism. To Lending activities. widen the scope of TReDS and incentivise more 11. Cheques, Wire Transfers, ATMs, Credit Cards, labyrinth of multiple defensive walls. The turns inwards to face the opponent. It is only then players to be the part of this platform, banks' etc., Padmavyuha is a multi-tiered defensive formation that the captured enemy realizes his captivity. The exposure through this platform were brought ' that looks like a blooming lotus (padma) or disc army can continue to maintain the circular under priority sector lending in 2016; presently, 12. Negotiation' means transferring an instrument (chakra) when viewed from above. The warriors at formation while leading the captive away. three entities (Receivable Exchange of India (like cheque) from one person to another in each interleaving position would be in an Ltd-RXIL, TReDS and Mynd Solutions) The Chakravyuha or Padmavyuha was a very such a manner as to convey title and to licensed by RBI are operating the platform for increasingly tough position to fight against. The special formation (vyuha), and knowledge of how constitute the transfer the holder thereof. more than two years Further, RBI recently formation was used in the battle of Kurukshetra by to penetrate it was limited to only a handful of 13. Improve security, Customer protection and allowed 'on tap' authorisation to entities Dronacharya, who became commander-in-chief of warriors on the Pandavas' side, namely: desirous to provide platforms for TReDS. Pricing. the Kaurava army after the fall of Bhishma Abhimanyu, Arjuna, Krishna and Pradyumna, of Hence, in coming years, competition in 14. IndusInd Bank. Pitamaha. receivables discounting space in bounds to 15. Foundation phase (1950 to 1969), Expanding which only Abhimanyu was present when the increase with the entry of the new players This phase (mid 1960 to 1984), Consolidation The various vyuhas (military formations) were Kauravas used it on the battlefield. In the requires the corporate, both in the public and phase (1985 onwards) and Reforms phase studied by the Kauravas and Pandavas alike. Most Mahabharata it is mentioned that Abhimanyu private sector, to join the TReDS platform and (1991 onwards). of them can be beaten using a counter-measure learnt about the Chakravyuha while in his mother's make the system more efficient. 16. Deregulation of interest rates, more targeted specifically against that formation. In the womb but he was not able to hear how to escape 03. U.K. Sinha. competition, technological changes, form of battle described in the Mahabharata, it was the formation. After Abhimanyu had penetrated prudential guidelines on asset classification 04. March 5, 2020. important to place powerful fighters in positions the sixth tier of the formation, all the Kauravas' 05. Rishi Sunak. (Born in Southampton, and income recognition, capital adequacy and where they could inflict maximum damage to the commanders attacked him simultaneously, which Hampshire to an Indian Punjabi family, his autonomy packages. early education was at Winchester College. 17. Money and capital markets, organised and opposing force, or defend their own side. As per was against the righteous rules of warfare Sunak subsequently studied Philosophy, unorganised markets, primary and secondary this military strategy, a specific stationary object or Dharmayuddha, and gradually exhausted and Politics and Economics (PPE) at Lincoln markets, formal and informal markets, official a moving object or person could be captured, killed him. College, Oxford, and later gained an MBA from and parallel markets, domestic and foreign surrounded and fully secured during battle. Stanford University as a Fulbright Scholar. After markets. The formation begins with two soldiers standing graduating, Sunak worked for investment bank 18. MNREGS (Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Goldman Sachs, and later as a partner at the Employment) wages, Scholarships, Pensions, back-to-back, with other such set of soldiers hedge fund management firm The Children's Income support of other types and health standing at a distance of three hands, drawing up Investment Fund Management.) benefits. seven circles and culminating in the end which is 06. The overall colour of the new note is Pink 19. To set-up White Label ATMs, to operate as the place where the captured person or object is to Green. The signature of the new Rupee One Business Correspondents, to facilitate large be kept. In order to form the Chakravyuha, the note will be Atanu Chakraborty. The size of the scale of electronic banking and alternate commander has to identify soldiers who will form new One Rupee note is 9.7 x 6.3 cm with its delivery channels. paper made of 100% cotton rag content. On the this formation. The number of soldiers to be 20. It is in the private sector; it can be established in reverse, there will be symbol having design of deployed and the size of the Chakravyuha is district towns and their activities are to focus on grains depicting the agricultural dominance of calculated as per the resistance estimated. Once l o c a l c u s t o m e r s ; t h e l e n d i n g i s t o the country and the surrounding design will agriculture/allied activities, small scale drawn, the foremost soldiers come on either side of consist of picture of 'Sagar Samrat' oil the opponent to be captured, engage briefly and exploration platform. Authentic rendering of industries, trading and non-farm sector then advance. Their place is taken up by the next value in 15 Indian languages in the language activities; to operate within maximum of 3 panel. geographically contiguous districts with soldiers on either side, who again engage the 07. 487.24 HO/RO located at a centre within the area of opponent briefly and then advance. In this fashion, Gopal Kishandev Sharma operation of the bank. 08. Spread of Covid-19 infections, compounded by a number of soldiers pass the enemy and proceed H.O: Clearing in a circular pattern. By the time the rear of the

76 Every moment is precious – Ramesh Kumar Bung. Time lost is lost forever – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 77 ANSWERS the slump in international crude prices and a PADMAVYUHA OR CHAKRA VYUHA decline in bond yield in advance economies; 01. November 2019. flight to safety has led to spike in volatility across 02. TReDS (Trade Receivables electronic Discount all asset classes, with several emerging market System) is an electronic platform where currencies experiencing downside pressures; Now, we are in the Padma vyuha of Carona Virus, formation arrives, the oblivious enemy is receivables on MSMEs drawn against buyers mismatches in US dollar liquidity have become which has become inescapable. However, the surrounded on all sides by seven tiers of soldiers (large corporate, PSUs, Government accentuated across the world. Padmavyuha or Chakravyuha is a military The last soldiers of the formation give the signal of departments) are financed through multiple 09. 25%. formation used to surround enemies, depicted in having completed the Chakravyuha. On the signal, financiers at competitive rates; this is done 10. Payments, Money management, Insurance and the Hindu epic Mahabharata. It resembles a every soldier who so far has been facing outwards through an auction-based mechanism. To Lending activities. widen the scope of TReDS and incentivise more 11. Cheques, Wire Transfers, ATMs, Credit Cards, labyrinth of multiple defensive walls. The turns inwards to face the opponent. It is only then players to be the part of this platform, banks' etc., Padmavyuha is a multi-tiered defensive formation that the captured enemy realizes his captivity. The exposure through this platform were brought ' that looks like a blooming lotus (padma) or disc army can continue to maintain the circular under priority sector lending in 2016; presently, 12. Negotiation' means transferring an instrument (chakra) when viewed from above. The warriors at formation while leading the captive away. three entities (Receivable Exchange of India (like cheque) from one person to another in each interleaving position would be in an Ltd-RXIL, TReDS and Mynd Solutions) The Chakravyuha or Padmavyuha was a very such a manner as to convey title and to licensed by RBI are operating the platform for increasingly tough position to fight against. The special formation (vyuha), and knowledge of how constitute the transfer the holder thereof. more than two years Further, RBI recently formation was used in the battle of Kurukshetra by to penetrate it was limited to only a handful of 13. Improve security, Customer protection and allowed 'on tap' authorisation to entities Dronacharya, who became commander-in-chief of warriors on the Pandavas' side, namely: desirous to provide platforms for TReDS. Pricing. the Kaurava army after the fall of Bhishma Abhimanyu, Arjuna, Krishna and Pradyumna, of Hence, in coming years, competition in 14. IndusInd Bank. Pitamaha. receivables discounting space in bounds to 15. Foundation phase (1950 to 1969), Expanding which only Abhimanyu was present when the increase with the entry of the new players This phase (mid 1960 to 1984), Consolidation The various vyuhas (military formations) were Kauravas used it on the battlefield. In the requires the corporate, both in the public and phase (1985 onwards) and Reforms phase studied by the Kauravas and Pandavas alike. Most Mahabharata it is mentioned that Abhimanyu private sector, to join the TReDS platform and (1991 onwards). of them can be beaten using a counter-measure learnt about the Chakravyuha while in his mother's make the system more efficient. 16. Deregulation of interest rates, more targeted specifically against that formation. In the womb but he was not able to hear how to escape 03. U.K. Sinha. competition, technological changes, form of battle described in the Mahabharata, it was the formation. After Abhimanyu had penetrated prudential guidelines on asset classification 04. March 5, 2020. important to place powerful fighters in positions the sixth tier of the formation, all the Kauravas' 05. Rishi Sunak. (Born in Southampton, and income recognition, capital adequacy and where they could inflict maximum damage to the commanders attacked him simultaneously, which Hampshire to an Indian Punjabi family, his autonomy packages. early education was at Winchester College. 17. Money and capital markets, organised and opposing force, or defend their own side. As per was against the righteous rules of warfare Sunak subsequently studied Philosophy, unorganised markets, primary and secondary this military strategy, a specific stationary object or Dharmayuddha, and gradually exhausted and Politics and Economics (PPE) at Lincoln markets, formal and informal markets, official a moving object or person could be captured, killed him. College, Oxford, and later gained an MBA from and parallel markets, domestic and foreign surrounded and fully secured during battle. Stanford University as a Fulbright Scholar. After markets. The formation begins with two soldiers standing graduating, Sunak worked for investment bank 18. MNREGS (Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Goldman Sachs, and later as a partner at the Employment) wages, Scholarships, Pensions, back-to-back, with other such set of soldiers hedge fund management firm The Children's Income support of other types and health standing at a distance of three hands, drawing up Investment Fund Management.) benefits. seven circles and culminating in the end which is 06. The overall colour of the new note is Pink 19. To set-up White Label ATMs, to operate as the place where the captured person or object is to Green. The signature of the new Rupee One Business Correspondents, to facilitate large be kept. In order to form the Chakravyuha, the note will be Atanu Chakraborty. The size of the scale of electronic banking and alternate commander has to identify soldiers who will form new One Rupee note is 9.7 x 6.3 cm with its delivery channels. paper made of 100% cotton rag content. On the this formation. The number of soldiers to be 20. It is in the private sector; it can be established in reverse, there will be symbol having design of deployed and the size of the Chakravyuha is district towns and their activities are to focus on grains depicting the agricultural dominance of calculated as per the resistance estimated. Once l o c a l c u s t o m e r s ; t h e l e n d i n g i s t o the country and the surrounding design will agriculture/allied activities, small scale drawn, the foremost soldiers come on either side of consist of picture of 'Sagar Samrat' oil the opponent to be captured, engage briefly and exploration platform. Authentic rendering of industries, trading and non-farm sector then advance. Their place is taken up by the next value in 15 Indian languages in the language activities; to operate within maximum of 3 panel. geographically contiguous districts with soldiers on either side, who again engage the 07. 487.24 HO/RO located at a centre within the area of opponent briefly and then advance. In this fashion, Gopal Kishandev Sharma operation of the bank. 08. Spread of Covid-19 infections, compounded by a number of soldiers pass the enemy and proceed H.O: Clearing in a circular pattern. By the time the rear of the

76 Every moment is precious – Ramesh Kumar Bung. Time lost is lost forever – Ramesh Kumar Bung. 77 INDIA FOUND CYBER SECURITY LAPSES 2050 TIMELINE AT NATIONAL PAYMENTS CORP IN 2019: GOVT DOCUMENT

2030: The technological evolution expected in 2050 Global population is reaching crisis point. A government audit of India's flagship payments which as of March 2019 counted 56 banks as its may change our lives. 2050 may not appear too The 6 G standard is released. 'Smart Grid' processor last year found more than 40 security shareholders, including the State Bank of India, distant with the pace at which the knowledge is technology is widespread in developed nations; vulnerabilities including several it called "critical" and Citibank and HSBC. RuPay, in particular, has been exploding. Ready for a ride! Welcome to the Orbital space junk is becoming a major problem "high" risk, according to an internal government enthusiastically endorsed by Modi who has likened its future. We are banking on the notion that in the for space flight. document seen by Reuters. The audit, which took use to a national duty. It has grown to account for future we will all be riding around on jet powered 2031: Web 4.0 is transforming the Internet place over four months to February 2019, highlighted almost two-thirds of nearly 900 million debit and individual hover-boards or short space tourism landscape; Stem cell pharmacies are in a lack of encryption of personal data at the National credit cards issued in India as of October, according to to other planetary bodies in a matter of days. commonplace; Clean Energy; Helium-3 power, Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) which forms NPCI and central bank data. 2020: Internet use reaches 5 billion worldwide; fusion power; Bioluminescent trees. the backbone of the country's digital payments system Governance concerns: The audit followed a Reserve Texting by thinking; Complex organ 2032: 4th Generation nuclear power; One third and operates the RuPay card network championed by Bank of India (RBI) inspection report on the NPCI in replacements grown from stem cells; The first of Saudi Arabia's electricity comes from solar; Prime Minister. July 2017 that found lapses in its internal auditing stem cell therapy for congestive heart failures; Terabit internet speeds are commonplace. The March 2019 government document cited the practices, operational risks and improper Genetically engineered 'super' bananas; 30000 2033: Hypersonic airliners enter service. storing of 16-digit card numbers and other personal whistleblower policies. There was "lack of awareness drones are patrolling the skies of America; Mars 2034: Service robots number a billion information such as customer names, account of risks and risk culture in the institution," according to 2020 rover mission; The first test flights of worldwide. numbers and national identity numbers in "plain text" a mostly redacted version of the 37-page report that NASA's Quiet Supersonic Technology. 2035: Distributive propulsion systems are in some databases, leaving the data unprotected if the was obtained by Reuters via the Right to Information system was breached. The audit has not previously Act (RTI) last year. The 2019 government document 2021: Exascale computers are deployed; Five- revolutionising air travel; Self-driving vehicles been reported. The NPCI said in a statement to about the audit also noted: "There is a strong need for year survival rates for breast cancer are dominate the roads; Holographic recreations of Reuters it is regularly audited in the interests of security proper governance." approaching 100%; Male birth control pills enter dead people; Robots are dominating the and senior management reviews all findings, which The RBI conducted another inspection between the market; The world's first artificial kidney; battlefield. are then "remediated to (the) satisfaction of the November and December 2019. A 33-page report on Launch of the Terrafugia TF-X flying car; India's 2036: In-vitro meat is a mature industry; auditors". This includes the findings cited by Reuters, it that audit included its assessment of NPCI's first manned space flight; Wireless electricity is Alzheimer's disease is fully curable. said. governance and operational and credit risks. But most reaching critical mass. 2038: Teleportation of complex organic 2025: India's National Cyber Security Coordinator, Rajesh of the report, also obtained by Reuters via the RTI Act, A billion human genomes have been molecules; The space industry exceeds $ trillion Pant, whose office coordinated the audit, also said in a was redacted by the central bank which cited the need sequenced; Human brain simulations are worldwide. statement to Reuters that "all observations raised in to protect India's and the NPCI's economic interests. becoming possible;3 D- printed human organs; 2039: Full immersion virtual reality; last year's report have been confirmed as resolved by The NPCI in its statement did not comment High speed rail networks are being expanded in Manufacturing jobs disappear in the West. the NPCI". Pant added audits are best practice for the specifically on the RBI reports, but said all many countries; All TV is becoming internet 2040: Deep ocean mining operations are mitigation of cyberattacks and are conducted on a observations cited by Reuters were remediated. The based; Bio-refrigerators widespread; Virtual telepathy is dominating periodic basis by all enterprises. The audit was RBI did not comment on the reports. 2026: A synthetic human genome is completed; personal communications; Bio-repository and undertaken to provide Modi's National Security Issues cited: The March 2019 government document Aquaculture provides the majority of the world's genomic information systems are transforming Council with an overview of the NPCI's defences said a variety of card numbers were unencrypted seafood; 3-D printed electronic membranes to healthcare; Breakthrough in carbon nano-tube against cyberattacks. Modi's office and the finance within the NPCI database for the country's network of prevent heart attacks; Youthful regeneration of production. ministry did not respond to a Reuters request for almost 250,000 ATMs, while unencrypted RuPay card aging heart muscle via GDF-11; New treatments 2041: Supercomputer reaches Yottaflop scale. comment. numbers could also be seen in the organisation's for Alzheimer's disease; Robotic hands matching 2042: Global population reaches 9 billion. The audit's findings underscore the data-security server logs. It recommended that sensitive data, human capabilities. 2050: Continent-wide super grids provide challenges faced by the NPCI which processes billions customer data and personal identity information be 2027: Light-duty hydrogen fuel cell vehicles much of the world's energy needs. of dollars daily via services that include inter-bank "properly encrypted/masked in the database and reach 1 million in annual sales; Carbon fund transfers, ATM transactions and digital logs". payments. In India and beyond, financial institutions sequestration is underway in many nations. T. Girish NPCI said in its statement to Reuters that it stores card 2028: China builds the world's largest particle are under immense pressure to mount effective data in line with standards set by the PCI Security HO: IT defences to protect their customers as the number of accelerator; printed electronics are ubiquitous. Standards Council, and has been subject to audits malicious cyberattacks grow and hackers become 2029: Human-like AI is becoming a reality; authorised by the council. "No non-conformities have more sophisticated. Increased automation of banking. been observed and we are fully compliant to these Set up in 2008, the NPCI is a not-for-profit company standards," the statement said.

78 Kill all bad memories of past. March forward. Look not back – Ramesh Kumar Bung. The most important kind of freedom is to be what you really are- Ramesh Kumar Bung. 79 INDIA FOUND CYBER SECURITY LAPSES 2050 TIMELINE AT NATIONAL PAYMENTS CORP IN 2019: GOVT DOCUMENT

78 Kill all bad memories of past. March forward. Look not back – Ramesh Kumar Bung. The most important kind of freedom is to be what you really are- Ramesh Kumar Bung. 79 HIGHLIGHTS OF NEW NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY: 10+2 The policy envisages broad based, multi- for public and private HEIs which include private REMOVED, FEES CAPPED, disciplinary, holistic undergraduate education philanthropic partnerships and capping fees with flexible curricula, creative combinations of within broad regulatory framework. Graded subjects, integration of vocational education and autonomy of academic, administrative and MPHIL SCRAPPED multiple entry and exit points with appropriate financial institutions. A single regulator for all certification. UG education can be of 3 or 4 years higher education working under a self-disclosure with multiple exit options and appropriate based transparent system for approvals in place of Highlights of new National Education Policy: years of pre-primary school and classes 1 and certification within this period. numerous 'inspections'. 10+2 removed, fees capped, MPhil scrapped class 2. The next three years will be divided into a Academic Bank of Credits to be established to Major reforms: Fee to be regulated: Not just The Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister, on preparatory stage from classes 3 to 5. Later three facilitate Transfer of Credits. Multidisciplinary courses but universities to go multi-disciplinary. 29th July, 2020 approved the National Education years of middle stage (classes 6 to 8), and four Education and Research Universities (MERUs), at For public and private HEIs, common norms will Policy 2020. The new policy aims to pave the way years of secondary stage (classes 9 to 12). Schools par with IITs, IIMs, to be set up as models of best be given. This means the fee will be fixed within for transformational reforms in school and higher will not have any rigid formation of streams of multidisciplinary education of global standards in the regulatory framework and no extra fee will be education systems in India. This policy will arts, commerce, science, students can take up the country. The National Research Foundation charged beyond the cap. MPhil discontinued: replace the 34 year old National Policy on whichever courses they want. will be created as an apex body for fostering a Multiple entry, exit points. MPhil to be Education (NPE),1986. Rolling out the new Emphasis on Foundational Literacy and strong research culture and building research discontinued. To pursue research, MPhil will not features of higher education, Union Ministers Numeracy, no rigid separation between capacity across higher education. be allowed, All courses at ug, pg, PhD level to be Prakash Javadekar and Ramesh Pokhriyal academic streams, extracurricular, vocational Higher Education Commission of India(HECI) interdisciplinary. Bagless days encouraged: Nishank said that India aims to achieve 50% streams in schools ; Vocational Education to start will be set up as a single overarching umbrella Bagless days will be encouraged throughout the Gross Enrollment Ratio by 2035 and increase from Class 6 with Internships. Teaching up to at body the for entire higher education, excluding year for various types of enrichment activities spending on education to 6% of the GDP. The least Grade 5 to be in mother tongue/ regional medical and legal education. HECI to have four involving arts, quizzes, sports, and vocational committee, which suggested the changes in the language. No language will be imposed on any independent verticals - National Higher crafts. Three languages learned by children will be education system under the NEP, was headed by student. Assessment reforms with 360 degree Education Regulatory Council (NHERC) for the choice of state, regions and students: The former ISRO chief K Kasturirangan. Here are the Holistic Progress Card, tracking Student Progress regulation, General Education Council (GEC ) for three-language learned by children will be the highlights: for achieving Learning Outcomes. A new and standard setting, Higher Education Grants choices of States, regions, and of the students, so School Education: New Policy aims for comprehensive National Curriculum Framework Council (HEGC) for funding, and National long as at least two of the three languages are universalization of education from preschool to for Teacher Education, NCFTE 2021, will be Accreditation Council( NAC) for accreditation. native to India. secondary level with 100 % Gross Enrolment formulated by the NCTE in consultation with Public and private higher education institutions Others: An autonomous body, the National Ratio (GER) in school education by 2030. NEP NCERT. By 2030, the minimum degree will be governed by the same set of norms for Educational Technology Forum (NETF), will be 2020 will bring 2 crore out of school children back qualification for teaching will be a 4-year regulation, accreditation and academic created to provide a platform for the free into the mainstream through an open schooling integrated B.Ed. degree. standards. exchange of ideas on the use of technology to system. The current 10+2 system to be replaced Public investment in the education sector to reach Affiliation of colleges is to be phased out in 15 enhance learning, assessment, planning, by a new 5+3+3+4 curricular structure 6% of GDP at the earliest. Currently, it is around years and a stage-wise mechanism is to be administration. NEP 2020 emphasizes setting up corresponding to ages 3-8, 8-11, 11-14, and 14- 4.43% including State and Central governments. established for granting graded autonomy to of Gender Inclusion Fund, Special Education 18 years, respectively. This will bring the hitherto E-courses will be developed in regional languages colleges. Over a period of time, it is envisaged that Zones for disadvantaged regions and groups. uncovered age group of 3-6 years under school in education planning, teaching, administration every college would develop into either an New Policy promotes Multilingualism in both curriculum, which has been recognized globally and regulation. Virtual labs to digitally equip Autonomous degree-granting College, or a schools and higher education. National Institute as the crucial stage for development of mental schools, teachers and students to be created. The constituent college of a university. To ensure for Pali, Persian and Prakrit , Indian Institute of faculties of a child. The new system will have 12 e-content to be available in regional languages holistic, and multidisciplinary education through Translation and Interpretation to be set up. The years of schooling with three years of Anganwadi/ starting with Kannada, Odia, Bengali, Tamil, etc the flexibility of subjects in Higher Education. Centre and the States will work together to pre-schooling. The 10+2 system will be divided to join Hindi and English. Emphasis to be placed Multiple entry/exit points to be allowed - UG increase the public investment in the Education into 5+3+3+4 format. The NEP changes the on Divyang friendly education software. program : 3 to 4 years, PG Program - 1 to 2 years, sector to reach 6% of GDP at the earliest. school education system to 5+3+3+4 format. Higher Education: Gross Enrolment Ratio in Integrated 5 years bachelors/ masters program This means the first five years of the school will higher education to be raised to 50 % by 2035; and M Phil to be discontinued. Common norms comprise the foundation stage including three 3.5 crore seats to be added in higher education. 80 We continue to shape our personality all our life. If we knew ourselves perfectly, we should die- Ramesh Kumar Bung. Personality is an unbroken series of successful gestures- Ramesh Kumar Bung. 81 HIGHLIGHTS OF NEW NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY: 10+2 The policy envisages broad based, multi- for public and private HEIs which include private REMOVED, FEES CAPPED, disciplinary, holistic undergraduate education philanthropic partnerships and capping fees with flexible curricula, creative combinations of within broad regulatory framework. Graded subjects, integration of vocational education and autonomy of academic, administrative and MPHIL SCRAPPED multiple entry and exit points with appropriate financial institutions. A single regulator for all certification. UG education can be of 3 or 4 years higher education working under a self-disclosure with multiple exit options and appropriate based transparent system for approvals in place of Highlights of new National Education Policy: years of pre-primary school and classes 1 and certification within this period. numerous 'inspections'. 10+2 removed, fees capped, MPhil scrapped class 2. The next three years will be divided into a Academic Bank of Credits to be established to Major reforms: Fee to be regulated: Not just The Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister, on preparatory stage from classes 3 to 5. Later three facilitate Transfer of Credits. Multidisciplinary courses but universities to go multi-disciplinary. 29th July, 2020 approved the National Education years of middle stage (classes 6 to 8), and four Education and Research Universities (MERUs), at For public and private HEIs, common norms will Policy 2020. The new policy aims to pave the way years of secondary stage (classes 9 to 12). Schools par with IITs, IIMs, to be set up as models of best be given. This means the fee will be fixed within for transformational reforms in school and higher will not have any rigid formation of streams of multidisciplinary education of global standards in the regulatory framework and no extra fee will be education systems in India. This policy will arts, commerce, science, students can take up the country. The National Research Foundation charged beyond the cap. MPhil discontinued: replace the 34 year old National Policy on whichever courses they want. will be created as an apex body for fostering a Multiple entry, exit points. MPhil to be Education (NPE),1986. Rolling out the new Emphasis on Foundational Literacy and strong research culture and building research discontinued. To pursue research, MPhil will not features of higher education, Union Ministers Numeracy, no rigid separation between capacity across higher education. be allowed, All courses at ug, pg, PhD level to be Prakash Javadekar and Ramesh Pokhriyal academic streams, extracurricular, vocational Higher Education Commission of India(HECI) interdisciplinary. Bagless days encouraged: Nishank said that India aims to achieve 50% streams in schools ; Vocational Education to start will be set up as a single overarching umbrella Bagless days will be encouraged throughout the Gross Enrollment Ratio by 2035 and increase from Class 6 with Internships. Teaching up to at body the for entire higher education, excluding year for various types of enrichment activities spending on education to 6% of the GDP. The least Grade 5 to be in mother tongue/ regional medical and legal education. HECI to have four involving arts, quizzes, sports, and vocational committee, which suggested the changes in the language. No language will be imposed on any independent verticals - National Higher crafts. Three languages learned by children will be education system under the NEP, was headed by student. Assessment reforms with 360 degree Education Regulatory Council (NHERC) for the choice of state, regions and students: The former ISRO chief K Kasturirangan. Here are the Holistic Progress Card, tracking Student Progress regulation, General Education Council (GEC ) for three-language learned by children will be the highlights: for achieving Learning Outcomes. A new and standard setting, Higher Education Grants choices of States, regions, and of the students, so School Education: New Policy aims for comprehensive National Curriculum Framework Council (HEGC) for funding, and National long as at least two of the three languages are universalization of education from preschool to for Teacher Education, NCFTE 2021, will be Accreditation Council( NAC) for accreditation. native to India. secondary level with 100 % Gross Enrolment formulated by the NCTE in consultation with Public and private higher education institutions Others: An autonomous body, the National Ratio (GER) in school education by 2030. NEP NCERT. By 2030, the minimum degree will be governed by the same set of norms for Educational Technology Forum (NETF), will be 2020 will bring 2 crore out of school children back qualification for teaching will be a 4-year regulation, accreditation and academic created to provide a platform for the free into the mainstream through an open schooling integrated B.Ed. degree. standards. exchange of ideas on the use of technology to system. The current 10+2 system to be replaced Public investment in the education sector to reach Affiliation of colleges is to be phased out in 15 enhance learning, assessment, planning, by a new 5+3+3+4 curricular structure 6% of GDP at the earliest. Currently, it is around years and a stage-wise mechanism is to be administration. NEP 2020 emphasizes setting up corresponding to ages 3-8, 8-11, 11-14, and 14- 4.43% including State and Central governments. established for granting graded autonomy to of Gender Inclusion Fund, Special Education 18 years, respectively. This will bring the hitherto E-courses will be developed in regional languages colleges. Over a period of time, it is envisaged that Zones for disadvantaged regions and groups. uncovered age group of 3-6 years under school in education planning, teaching, administration every college would develop into either an New Policy promotes Multilingualism in both curriculum, which has been recognized globally and regulation. Virtual labs to digitally equip Autonomous degree-granting College, or a schools and higher education. National Institute as the crucial stage for development of mental schools, teachers and students to be created. The constituent college of a university. To ensure for Pali, Persian and Prakrit , Indian Institute of faculties of a child. The new system will have 12 e-content to be available in regional languages holistic, and multidisciplinary education through Translation and Interpretation to be set up. The years of schooling with three years of Anganwadi/ starting with Kannada, Odia, Bengali, Tamil, etc the flexibility of subjects in Higher Education. Centre and the States will work together to pre-schooling. The 10+2 system will be divided to join Hindi and English. Emphasis to be placed Multiple entry/exit points to be allowed - UG increase the public investment in the Education into 5+3+3+4 format. The NEP changes the on Divyang friendly education software. program : 3 to 4 years, PG Program - 1 to 2 years, sector to reach 6% of GDP at the earliest. school education system to 5+3+3+4 format. Higher Education: Gross Enrolment Ratio in Integrated 5 years bachelors/ masters program This means the first five years of the school will higher education to be raised to 50 % by 2035; and M Phil to be discontinued. Common norms comprise the foundation stage including three 3.5 crore seats to be added in higher education. 80 We continue to shape our personality all our life. If we knew ourselves perfectly, we should die- Ramesh Kumar Bung. Personality is an unbroken series of successful gestures- Ramesh Kumar Bung. 81 MARS 2020 PERSEVERANCE ROVER The Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover mission is expeditions to Mars. These include testing a part of NASA's Mars Exploration Program, a method for producing oxygen from the Martian long-term effort of robotic exploration of the Red atmosphere, identifying other resources (such as Planet. The mission addresses high-priority subsurface water), improving landing science goals for Mars exploration, including key techniques, and characterizing weather, dust, questions about the potential for life on Mars. and other potential environmental conditions Perseverance takes the next step by not only that could affect future astronauts living and seeking signs of habitable conditions on Mars in working on Mars. the ancient past, but also searching for signs of Perseverance was timed for a launch past microbial life itself. The rover introduces a opportunity between July 30 and Aug. 15, 2020, drill that can collect core samples of the most when Earth and Mars were in good positions promising rocks and soils and set them aside in a relative to each other for landing on Mars. That "cache" on the surface of Mars. A future mission is, it took less power to travel to Mars at that time, could potentially return these samples to Earth. compared to other times when Earth and Mars That would help scientists study the samples in are in different positions in their orbits. To keep laboratories with special room-sized equipment mission costs and risks as low as possible, the that would be too large to take to Mars. The Mars 2020 design is based on NASA's successful mission also provides opportunities to gather Mars Science Laboratory mission architecture, knowledge and demonstrate technologies that including its Curiosity rover and proven landing address the challenges of future human system.

82 To wipe every tear from every eye is the motto of life - Ramesh Kumar Bung. ANDHRA PRADESH MAHESH CO-OP. URBAN BANK LTD. (MULTI - STATE SCHEDULED BANK) Website : www.apmaheshbank.com

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