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The Ultimate Cannabis Dictionary Presented by Learn Sativa Institute of Cannabis

The Ultimate Cannabis Dictionary Presented by Learn Sativa Institute of Cannabis

The Ultimate Dictionary Presented By Learn Sativa Institute of Cannabis

1. 12/12: A term that describes the photoperiod that induces flowering in cannabis plants. It signifies 12-hours of light and 12 hours of pure darkness. Cultivators use automated timers to control their lighting, which allows for 12-continuous hours of uninterrupted light, which is then followed by 12-hours of darkness. 2. 1/8th: A slang term for 3.5-grams of cannabis. 3. 18/6: A term that describes the photoperiod that keeps cannabis plants in the vegetative phase. 18-hours of consecutive light and 6-hours of darkness keep plants from flowering. Cannabis cultivators use automated timers to keep the light on for 18-hours and 6-hours of darkness. 4. 420: The national holiday of cannabis users around the globe is celebrated on April 20th. It also signifies the daily ritual of consuming marijuana at 4:20 each day. 5. 710: This number represents “oil” spelled upside down and backward. It also represents July 10th - the global holiday of use. 6. Access Point: A location where consumers can purchase cannabis products. 7. Accessories: These include a wide variety of cannabis-related products, such as carb caps, tips, rolling trays, rollers, t-shirts, stickers, lighters, grinders, ash catchers, bags, mini torch, cone filler, carrying case, down stems, and ashtrays. 8. Aeration: A term that describes when air is pumped into the water to increase oxygen availability for roots. This term applies to hydroponics and aeroponics. 9. Adult-Use: This term refers to the law that only adults are allowed to purchase and use cannabis products. In the , the age for adult-use dispensaries is 21. In Canada, the age in the majority of adult-use dispensaries is 18. 10. Alcohol extraction: A method of producing cannabis concentrates with alcohol. Alcohol is used to strip the plant material of its’ and terpenes. Alcohol is highly flammable, but it dissipates quickly as it evaporates. 11. Autoflower: A term that describes cannabis strains that contain internal flowering mechanisms that don’t rely on photoperiod. Autoflowering strains don’t require 12/12 to flower of 18/6 to remain in the vegetative stage. 12. Ash Catcher: An accessory for bongs and dab rigs in which an additional layer of filtration is added. In this case, the ash catcher catches any ash material that would otherwise be inhaled. 13. Anther: In , the anther is the portion of the stamen that contains pollen. This means that this is the male portion of the male cannabis plant. 14. Atomizer: A device that heats and vaporizes e-liquid or concentrates. The Ultimate Cannabis Dictionary

15. Aroma: The scent of cannabis-based products is also known as the aroma. The aroma of cannabis products is based on the terpenes that it's composed of. 16. Apex: This term refers to the top-most portion of the cannabis plant. When flowering, cannabis flowers have an apically-dominant flower - which is the apex of the plant. 17. Bud: In the world of cannabis, this term describes the flower of the marijuana plant. This is also a slang term that’s used to describe flowers that have been processed. 18. BHO: Also known as butane , this cannabis extract is created through the use of butane to extract cannabinoids from cannabis plants. 19. : This is a traditional cannabis-infused drink in India that are composed of marijuana, milk, tea, and spices. 20. Back-cross: This term refers to a method employed by cannabis breeders, in which they select two strains of the same genotype (strain), but portray slightly different phenotypes to create a stable offspring. 21. Budder: A type of cannabis concentrate that resembles butter. These concentrates are known to contain a high amount of terpenes. 22. Batch: This term refers to cannabis flowers, concentrates, and edibles that have not been packaged yet. Usually, this term is applied post-harvest or when a cannabis extract has completed its final round of refinement. 23. Beneficial Bacteria: This term describes the symbiotic relationship between the roots of cannabis and bacteria. This relationship provides cannabis plants with increased immunity from pests and disease, along with improved nutrient uptake. The bacteria are found in the cannabis roots, where they enjoy a constant source of . 24. Blasting: This term is a slang word for extracting cannabinoids from marijuana plants. Normally, it describes amateur concentrate producers who “blast” butane through metal pipes filled with cannabis in their backyard. Blasting is usually referenced with “backyard blasting.” 25. Breeder: A person or group that specializes in creating and improving cannabis strains. Breeders commonly produce seeds and sell them for financial gain. 26. Butane: The primary chemical compound that’s used to produce cannabis concentrates. Butane is a solvent which strips the cannabis plant of and terpenes. Butane is considered highly flammable and is incredibly dangerous to use when not contained in a closed-loop system. 27. Bong: A device that’s made from glass or acrylic that’s used to inhale large amounts of cannabis smoke. Bongs contain a large base that’s filled with water to filter the smoke, which increases a persons’ ability to inhale more smoke than pipes and joints. These devices can range from 1-foot to 4-feet - and beyond. 28. : Also known as a cannabis cigar, blunts are made from emptied cigars or cigarillos. The tobacco is emptied and replaced with cannabis, in which it’s re-rolled and smoked. These are much larger than joints and are sufficient for larger groups to indulge in.

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29. Bananas: A cultivator’s slang term that describes hermaphroditism. When a female cannabis plant is stressed, it can produce male flowers alongside the female flowers. This is known as a hermaphrodite and is highly dangerous for a grow room because the male flower can produce viable pollen. When a hermaphrodite occurs, the male flower looks like a small banana - hence the name. 30. Bowl: This is where cannabis is placed in a pipe, bubbler, or bong. They are removable in bongs and act as the carb. Bowls come in large or small sizes, which allow users to smoke large or small amounts of cannabis. 31. Bubble Hash: A cannabis concentrate that’s produced via the ice-water extraction technique. This is a solventless marijuana product and consists only of terpenes and THC. It’s called bubble hash because it resembles hash, but bubbles when heated. 32. Buffer: A term that describes a weak or strong acid/base that will lessen the likelihood of a drastic pH change. A buffer is commonly used when preparing nutrient solutions for cannabis crops. Natural elements can also be buffers, such as lime, and can be mixed into the soil to reduce drastic pH swings. 33. Buzz: A general term to describe the sensation of feeling slightly high. A user that takes a single hit of mildly-potent cannabis will feel relatively buzzed, but not stoned. 34. Banger: A banger is a platform where cannabis concentrates are placed to be dabbed. They are typically made from quartz, ceramic, or titanium due to their ability to withstand incredible levels of heat. When dabbing, portable torches are used to heat up the banger, where marijuana extracts are placed for dabbing. 35. Battery: A power source for vaporizers. The battery in vaporizers is usually in the form of a vape pen. Batteries come in different wattages and voltages which allow different temperatures to reach the ideal vaporization point. 36. Borosilicate: This type of glass is commonly used when producing cannabis products, such as pipes, bubblers, and bongs. The reason why these accessories are used is that borosilicate glass is very resistant to high temperatures. 37. Bract: This is a modified scale or leaf which is normally found in cannabis flowers. These are generally considered interchangeable with the calyx. 38. Bubbler: A handheld device that’s similar to a bong because it contains water in its base. They are known to be a between a glass pipe and a glass bong. 39. : A worker in a cannabis dispensary that specializes in cannabis products. They are highly informative to help customers choose marijuana strains that will be to their liking. are required to know every facet of cannabis strains - especially the medicinal benefits. 40. Cannabis: This term describes a number of aspects in the cannabis industry. Cannabis can be in reference to the species, such as , , and . It can also be used when describing anything cannabis-related, such as the cannabis flower or cannabis concentrate. 3

The Ultimate Cannabis Dictionary

41. Couch-lock: A slang term for the sleepy feeling after consuming cannabis - especially the Indica variety. This term is used when a person is unable to get up and has lost all sense of motivation. Normally, when someone is couch-locked, they are unable to get up from where they are sitting. 42. CB1: The group 1 is part of the overall . It contains a series of receptors that are found in white blood cells, nerve cells, the spleen, the endocrine gland; as well as the reproductive, gastrointestinal, and urinary tracts. The CB1 receptor group plays a significant role in the way THC interacts with the human body. 43. CB2: The cannabinoid receptor group 2 is the second part of the endocannabinoid system. These receptors are found in the immune system and the central nervous system. The CB2 receptor group is triggered by CBD () and does not commonly interact with THC. 44. Cannabinoid: This term describes a class of chemical compounds that directly interact with the endocannabinoid system. Humans contain naturally-occurring endocannabinoids, whereas plants contain naturally occurring phytocannabinoids. There are over 120 cannabinoids that are found in cannabis, such as THC, CBD, and CBG. Each cannabinoid is responsible for a series of effects, from psychoactive to medicinal. 45. CBD: Cannabidiol is a non-psychoactive cannabinoid that’s found in large concentrations in , but in smaller quantities in cannabis plants with large amounts of THC. Cannabidiol is known for its therapeutic and medicinal effects that stem from its interaction with the CB2. It’s also capable of reducing the psychoactive effects of THC. 46. CBG: is an uncommon cannabinoid that’s the precursor to THC and CBD. CBG is known to contain many medicinal benefits, such as working as a neuroprotectant and assisting skin issues, as well as having antibacterial and anti-oxidative properties. CBG is primarily cultivated in hemp plants. 47. CBN: is a slightly-psychoactive cannabinoid that contains properties that can be likened to a sedative. CBN is the result once THC oxidizes and degrades due to maturity and over-ripeness. When a cannabis flower becomes mature, the THC glands oxidize and degrade into CBD. This is why mature cannabis flowers impose a strong sedative effect. 48. CBC: Cannabichhromene is a non-psychoactive cannabinoid that’s found in small amounts. It’s similar to CBD and is believed to contain many therapeutic properties. Scientists believe that CBC promotes neurogenesis, which is the growth of brain cells. 49. CBDA: Cannabidiol-acid, which is the precursor to CBD. CBDA is the inactive version of CBD, and once heat decarboxylates it, the acid molecule is lost, and the compound activates by turning into CBD. 50. Carb: This term describes a hole in a pipe, dab rig, bong, steam-roller, or bubbler where the user covers with their finger to regulate airflow. Normally, the user will cover the

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hole as the cannabis is burned, and it’s released once the user wishes to inhale (clear) the smoke. 51. CO2 Extract: The method in which carbon dioxide is used as a base solvent to extract cannabinoids and terpenes from cannabis plants. This method is considered to be significantly less dangerous compared to butane or alcohol. 52. Concentrates: This term describes a group of cannabis products that are in concentrated form. This means that a large number of cannabinoids are pulled from the plant to create an extract. These come in many forms, such as oil, shatter, budder, pull n’ snap, live resin, and crumble. 53. Clone: This term describes a nearly identical twin of another plant. Clones are also called cuttings in the agricultural industry. In the cannabis industry, clones are used to propagate the same phenotype of a strain to a near-endless degree. Clones are taken from mother plants, which are particular cannabis strains that a cultivator has chosen for their special and indispensable characteristics. Mother plants are then grown to provide clones, which will inevitably grow into a nearly-identical plant. 54. Cross: This term describes the action that breeders take to create a new hybrid cannabis plant. Once a breeder chooses two different strains (male and female), the female is pollinated by the male. The result is a new hybrid, which is a cross between the mother and father. 55. CFL: Compact fluorescent light. These low-wattage light bulbs are used by cultivators who need to reduce their electricity bills or if they grow in a small space. 56. Calyx: For botanists, the calyx is also known as the sepal. The sepal is a protective layer on the flower of the cannabis plant. Ultimately, the sepal protects the seeds that grow once the female is pollinated. 57. Canopy: This term refers to the top-most growth of a cannabis plant. As more plants are introduced, the cultivator’s job is to keep an even canopy to ensure that one plant doesn't outgrow the others. Since the canopy is the upper-most growth, it receives the most light from the lighting system. 58. Cartridge: This term describes the housing for concentrate or e-liquid for vaporizers. These are normally attached to batteries. The cartridge normally holds .5-1g of cannabis concentrate of e-liquid. 59. Chlorophyll: The photosynthetic pigments that play an integral role in the process of photosynthesis. These green pigments absorb blue and red electromagnetic waves and are the primary method that plants absorb energy. 60. Cottonmouth: A slang term that describes the sensation of a dry mouth after consuming potent cannabis. Cottonmouth is a common side effect that leaves users feeling parched.

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The Ultimate Cannabis Dictionary

61. Crumble: A cannabis concentrate that’s known for its ultra-high potency. These concentrates are highly refined, which means that they are stripped of their natural terpenes to only leave THC as its primary constituent. 62. Cola: A slang term that describes the top-most flower on a cannabis plant. 63. Coco-coir: A soilless material that’s made from the husks of coconuts. It’s called soilless because it’s neither hydro or soil. Coco-coir is incredible at retaining moisture and can be reused over the course of multiple growth cycles. 64. Cotyledon: Once a cannabis seed germinates, the primordial leaves that break the soil first are called the cotyledons. These are known as embryonic leaves and are not considered true leaves that perform photosynthesis to absorb energy. Instead, cotyledons contain vital nutrients that will sustain a seedling until it grows its first set of true leaves. 65. Closed-Loop Extraction: This term describes an extraction method in which all solvents never enter the atmosphere during the process. This method is far safer than “open blast,” and significantly reduces the possibility of an explosion. The solvent is sealed off from the outside environment, which allows the cannabis concentrate to avoid contamination and is far more efficient. 66. Caryophyllene: An important terpene that’s found within the cannabis plant. It’s responsible for the spicy aroma and flavor in many marijuana varieties. It also contains a wide variety of health benefits, such as pain relief and reducing inflammation. Additionally, it’s known to help reduce depression and anxiety. 67. Capsule: This term describes a pill that’s filled with a cannabis concentrate. Capsules are typically filled with THC or CBD isolates. 68. Crystalline: This term refers to an ultra-purified form of THC or CBD that resembles white sugar granules. Normally, products that are crystallized are pure. 69. Cultivar: A term that describes a specific strain or genotype. 70. Cultivation: The process in which cannabis plants are grown by a cultivator. 71. Combustion: The process in which cannabis material is burned to an extremely high temperature. When cannabis flowers are smoked, the temperature that’s required for combustion to occur is between 500-1,000 °F. Although THC is activated through the process of combustion, harmful toxins are released as well through the smoke. 72. Cutting: Another word for a clone, which is a nearly identical representation of the mother plant from where it came from. The term cutting refers to the fact that it’s “cut” from the original mother plant. A cutting is produced by cutting off branches from the mother plant. 73. Cannabinoid Profile: When a cannabis product is lab tested, the results show a cannabinoid profile. This profile shows each cannabinoid at its specific concentration. 74. Curing: This describes the process by which cannabis flowers gain their aroma and flavor. The curing process is begun after harvesting and drying marijuana flowers. It’s

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the last step before the cannabis is packaged and sold. The curing process allows volatile gases to dissipate while increasing the overall aroma and flavor profile. 75. Chromatography: This is a method in which cannabinoids are separated and purified by passing them through silica or silicon dioxide. 76. Crystals: A slang term for trichomes, which cover the cannabis flower. Trichomes glisten in the light, hence the use of the word crystals. 77. Cashed: A slang term that’s commonly used when the cannabis flower that’s being smoked is nearly finished. 78. Cherry: This is a slang term that describes the ember within the cannabis bud that’s being smoked. Once lit, the user inhales, and this process keeps the marijuana material on fire. This ember is called the cherry, which allows users to inhale without needing to re-light the pipe or bong. 79. Consumption: The act of smoking, vaping, or eating cannabis-based products. 80. Cannabis entrepreneur: These individuals design and launch new marijuana-based companies with their own financial means. 81. Cannabis Business: A company or business that’s directly involved with cannabis. These can be marijuana producers, extractors, transporters, accessory suppliers, or retail sellers. 82. Cannabis dispensary: This is a cannabis business that sells recreational or medicinal cannabis. Each state contains laws regarding the regulation of cannabis dispensaries, such as zoning, limits, and products. 83. Co-Op: Also known as a cooperative, these were the precursor to cannabis dispensaries. 84. Cone: A large joint that’s filled with cannabis. Cones are larger than joints but smaller than blunts. 85. Cultivation table: This term describes the table where cannabis is grown. These raised tables are where cannabis plants are placed to be easily accessible for cultivators. 86. Cultivation room: This term describes the room where cannabis plants are grown. These can be large or small, such as a warehouse our a closet. 87. Caregiver: This term refers to a person who’s responsible for another person who is unable to procure cannabis. A caregiver is known to either purchase or grows cannabis for the sole intention of assisting someone who is medically unable to do so on their own. 88. : This is a small glass pipe that does not have a traditional bowl. It resembles a joint but is made from glass. With a chillum, users place cannabis into one end and inhale from the other. 89. Collective: This term describes a group of caregivers that assist others in procuring medicinal cannabis. Cannabis collectives are not-for-profit, but instead, operate by offering their services to each other for free.

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The Ultimate Cannabis Dictionary

90. Crutch: This term describes a rolled piece of paper that acts as a filter. Normally, these are made by tearing off the outer packaging of rolling papers. They are folded into a W shape and placed at the end of the joint to keep it open and prevent small bits of cannabis from going into a user's mouth as they inhale. 91. : This describes the social aspects and behavior of those that consume cannabis. This describes the individuals who associate themselves with the overall marijuana movement. 92. : A tea that’s infused with cannabis. 93. : A type of that’s produced in India. The trichomes are rolled into a ball and eaten. 94. Charlotte’s Web: One of the original cannabis strains that produce a high amount of CBD. It was originally produced by the Stanley Brothers in and become immensely popular due to its low THC and high CBD ratio. The importance of this strain was that it was featured on CNN because he helped manage the symptoms of a rare seizure disorder for a child named Charlotte. 95. Chronic: A slang term for describing cannabis that’s medium-grade. 96. Defoliate: This term describes the process of taking off large leaves from cannabis plants to enhance the amount of light that the plant receives. It’s also the process of removing lower leaf growth to keep the lower section of the plant clear of debris. Cannabis plants have a lower chance of contracting fungi and mold when the lower portion of the plant is defoliated. 97. Decarb: This term in full is called decarboxylation. This chemical process activates cannabinoids, such as THC and CBD. This process occurs primarily through high levels of heat, such as fire or heat from an oven. Without this chemical process, cannabinoids such as THC and CBD would have little to no effect on the human body. 98. Desktop vaporizer: This type of product is a large vaporizer that’s meant to stay at home. Its large size doesn’t allow it to be easily portable. These types of vaporizers are meant for larger groups due to their increased size. 99. Dabbing: This term refers to the act of using a dab rig. Dabbing is placing cannabis concentrate onto an extremely hot surface, where it’s instantly vaporized, and subsequently smoked. 100. Dab rig: This device is used to smoke marijuana concentrates. Marijuana concentrates are highly potent oils that contain cannabinoids, flavonoids, and terpenes. A dab rig resembles a bong but is used in a very different way. The dab rig as a banger in place of the bowl and the banger is heated to incredibly hot levels to vaporize marijuana extracts. 101. Distillate: A term that describes oil that consists of a single cannabinoid. An example would be THC oil or CBD oil that’s void of any other cannabinoid, terpene, or

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flavonoid. This type of material is commonly used for creating cannabis edibles due to its measurable strength. 102. Dominance: A term used among breeders that describes which traits are commonly seen. It can also describe the type of , such as an Indica- dominant or Sativa-dominant strain. In breeding lingo, when the offspring of two parents exhibit the majority of its traits in favor of one parent - that is known as the dominating trait. 103. Drain-to-waste: A method for watering cannabis plants. This is most commonly used when cultivating marijuana plants via hydroponics. However, it can also be used when growing in the soil - although it is less effective. The DTW method is meant to flush out salt buildup due to the high amounts of salt-based fertilizer. The DTW method allows growers to push their plants to the limit by using larger-than-normal fertilizer doses with the advantage of being able to flush excess salts out. DTW means that growers use 200-300% more water than usual, which is then collected at the bottom in a tray to be discarded. This method is known to be environmentally damaging and is not recommended in most cases of . 104. Dab mat: Also known as dab pads, these mats are meant to protect a surface from contacting cannabis concentrates. Marijuana extracts are extremely sticky and are far easier to manage on a dab mat due to the material that it’s made from. They are also used to allow you to place your dab rig in a safe spot, rather than on a hard surface. They consist of non-sticky material that allows individuals to work with cannabis extracts with ease. 105. Dabber: This term has multiple meanings. It can describe an individual who dabs, or it can mean the device that you can dab from. A dabber can also describe the titanium tool that’s used to pick up small pieces of cannabis concentrate. 106. Decriminalization: This term describes when and possession for personal use are no longer punishable by the law. Many states have issued decriminalization laws where individuals will no longer be prosecuted for possessing or using amounts that are deemed for personal use. 107. Delivery service: A type of cannabis-based business where delivery drivers deliver cannabis products to customers. Instead of a brick and mortar location, delivery services can be located virtually anywhere, as long as customers have a phone number to call. These types of cannabis businesses service large swaths of areas because they are highly mobile. Additionally, cannabis delivery services are very low-cost to start because they don’t require the permitting process that storefronts must undergo. 108. Diesel: A term that describes the pungent aroma of certain cannabis strains. The aroma of diesel is famous in the cannabis industry due to its overwhelming aroma that will fill a room within seconds. Additionally, the Diesel family of cannabis strains are incredibly famous - as they’ve been used for a plethora of cannabis strains. 9

The Ultimate Cannabis Dictionary

109. Dispensary: A cannabis-based business that’s located in a retail store location. Cannabis dispensaries must be fully licensed before they’re allowed to service any region in the United States. These businesses carry all-things-cannabis and are normally stocked with edibles, flowers, concentrates, topicals, and much more. 110. Distillate Technique: This extraction technique is accomplished by isolating a specific cannabinoid or terpene. The process is accomplished by chromatography or via multiple refinement steps. This technique is used to create distillate oils, such as THC distillate oil or CBD distillate oil. All distillate oils are effective when smoked, eaten, or placed topically. 111. Distributor: A business that describes an individual(s) role in transporting cannabis products from producer to retailer. Many legalized states require a separate permitting process for cannabis distributors. 112. Dose: A term that describes a measured amount of cannabis. For example, a chocolate bar that’s infused with cannabis may contain 100mg of THC. It’s pre-cut into 10 pieces that each contain 10mg. There are 10 doses in the overall package, which allows the user to find the perfect amount while knowing the exact measurement of THC. 113. Downstem: An accessory for bongs and dab rigs, this device is meant to cool down the smoke and allow for larger hits. They come in a wide variety of sizes and are always made from borosilicate glass. 114. Dry-sift: A type of cannabis concentrate. This type of cannabis extract is considered solventless because it relies on motion to extract trichomes. The procedure required cannabis flowers to be tumbled within a spinning drum. Small sieves separate the tiny trichomes while leaving the plant matter behind. Once the sieve is emptied, extractors are left with a dust-like mound of pure trichomes. Dry-sift can then be used similarly to hash, where it is sprinkled on top of cannabis flowers or other concentrates. 115. Dank: A term that describes something that is high quality or incredibly aromatic. When a cannabis connoisseur finds a marijuana strain that’s filled with pungent aromas or high THC content, they will label it as “dank.” 116. De-wax: A process that some cannabis concentrates undergo to remove all leftover lipids (fat) and plant wax that would affect the final product. The process entails placing a cannabis concentrate into sub-zero temperatures to separate the cannabis oil from lipids and wax naturally. Once this separation occurs, extract producers can discard the lipids and wax from the marijuana concentrate. 117. Diffuser: An accessory that’s commonly used with dab rigs and bongs. These devices are used to spread the surface layer of smoke into multiple chambers, which creates a smoother and larger hit. Typically, this accessory is made from borosilicate glass to withstand high temperatures.

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118. Edible: A type of cannabis product that’s infused with food. Brownies, cookies, rice-krispies, and anything else that can be eaten can be made into an edible once marijuana is cooked into it. Edibles are incredibly popular methods to consume cannabis, but they can take 1-3-hours to take effect, which is far longer than any other method of cannabis consumption. The effects of the type of cannabis product have a prolonged effect and are typically considered far stronger than any other marijuana product. 119. E-nail: An accessory for dab rigs that allow users to fine-tune the temperature that they dab their cannabis concentrates at. These are electronic devices that contain a manual temperature knob so an individual can customize their experience. Each terpene has a specific temperature that it vaporizes at, and a custom temperature allows dabbers to experience an enhanced flavor that they would miss with manual heating with a blow torch. E-nails contain a metallic coil that’s placed onto the banger of a dab rig to heat it to the specific temperature range. 120. Endocannabinoid System: One of the most important discoveries within the human body is the endocannabinoid system. This collection of receptors are responsible for pain management, the immune system, organ function, memory function, emotional response, and motor skills, It consists of the CB1 and CB2 receptors, which are directly and indirectly affected by THC, CBD, and all other cannabinoids. The endocannabinoid system also consists of naturally-occurring cannabinoids within the human body, such as . 121. Endocannabinoid: This term describes cannabinoids that are naturally found within the human body. Anandamide, arichodonyglycerol, and arichodonyglycerol ether are the primary cannabinoids that are found within the human body. Each of these cannabinoids plays a specific role within the endocannabinoid system by acting as a fatty-acid neurotransmitter. 122. Ethanol: A simple alcohol compound that’s used to strip cannabinoids, flavonoids, and terpenes from cannabis plants. This compound is highly flammable and is only used in heavily regulated conditions. 123. : A term that describes the synergistic effect of cannabinoids, flavonoids, and terpenes. The idea is that all of these compounds that are found in cannabis work together to provide enhanced medicinal and recreational effects of THC or CBD. It’s believed that without the presence of all other cannabinoids or terpenes, a THC or CBD isolate is less effective. The entourage effect is only possible when a concentrate was produced in a full-spectrum way. 124. Elixir: This type of cannabis product is akin to a tincture, which means that it’s oil-based. These tincture-like products are extracts that are then mixed with a carrier oil, such as coconut oil or olive oil. They can be eaten or placed topically onto the skin.

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The Ultimate Cannabis Dictionary

125. EHO: Ethanol Hash Oil is derived from extracting cannabinoids, flavonoids, and terpenes through the use of ethanol. This method is only intended for experienced cannabis extractors because of the high flammability of ethanol. 126. Eucalyptol: A terpene that’s originally from eucalyptus trees in . This terpene is also found in small amounts in cannabis varieties throughout the world. 127. Extraction: A term that describes removing terpenes, cannabinoids, and flavonoids from the cannabis plant. There are many methods of extraction; however, they all result in the concentration of cannabinoids and terpenes. The cannabis plant contains volatile gases, such as chlorophyll, lipids, and plant wax. By separating cannabinoids and terpenes from the rest of the plant, users are left with far more potent cannabis products. 128. Extract: This term describes the end product from the extraction process. There are many types of extracts that come in various consistencies, strengths, and colors. There are extracts that contain terpenes and those that do not, hence extracts come in a wide variety of styles. 129. E-juice: A type of concentrate that’s meant to be vaporized within a vape pen. E- juices are commonly pre-loaded into cartridges, where they are then connected to a vape pen battery. 130. Eighth: A measurement of 3.5-grams of cannabis. However, increasing competition has seen the eighth measurement rise to 4-grams. 131. F-1 Generation: This describes the first generation of a new cannabis strain. Once two different strains produce offspring, the result is an F-1 generation. First- generation hybrids are normally associated with what’s called “hybrid vigor” due to their improved biological quality. 132. Flavonoid: These are plant metabolites that benefit a plant with antioxidative effects. Due to their antioxidative behavior, they are known as neuroprotectants in reducing damage to the brain. Flavonoids have recently been associated with many other health benefits, such as reducing cancer risks and improving the heart. Flavonoids have been the focus of cannabis research due to their high concentration in both Cannabis sativa and Cannabis indica. 133. Feminized: This term describes cannabis seeds that are nearly guaranteed to be female. This is done by stressing out female plants to generate hermaphrodite flowers - which result in self-pollination. The other method for producing feminized cannabis seeds is by the use of chemicals such as colloidal silver or thiosulphate solution. Although feminized cannabis seeds are very common, they are not always guaranteed to produce an all-female offspring. 134. Flowering Time: A term that describes the length of time that a cannabis strain requires to complete its flowering cycle. In most cases, cannabis plants require 8-10- weeks to finish their flowering cycle. The flowering time of a cannabis strain does not

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take into account germination and vegetative times. It’s possible to find cannabis strains that complete their flowering cycle in as little as 7-weeks or as long as 16-weeks. The genotype and phenotype are directly responsible for the overall flowering time of any cannabis strain. 135. Flower: A term that describes the inflorescence of the cannabis plant. It is this structure that marijuana-products is derived from. The flower is what’s dried to be smoked or is the object that is used to extract cannabis concentrates. The cannabis flower is also the point when pollination occurs and where seeds are subsequently generated. 136. Female: The term that describes a female cannabis plant. There are distinct males and females in cannabis plants. In marijuana cultivation, it’s necessary only to grow females to avoid pollination that would reduce the overall yield and produce a large number of seeds within the cannabis flower. 137. Fire: A term that describes excellent cannabis. When something is called fire, it means that the quality is exceptional and any cannabis enthusiast will enjoy it. 138. Flip to 12/12: A cultivator’s term that describes the procedure of switching your automated light system to be on 12 consecutive hours and off for 12 consecutive hours. This process induces the cannabis plant to flower. 139. Fresh Frozen: A process that describes freezing recently harvested cannabis plants. This method is used when producing live resin and is meant to retain the essence of the cannabis plant. The fresh-frozen technique requires producers to place freshly harvested marijuana plants directly into sub-zero temperatures, which retains volatile terpenes from being destroyed. The end result is an outrageously high concentration of terpenes in a concentrate. 140. Fuel: A term that describes the pungent aroma of select cannabis strains. This aroma is a mixture of diesel fuel, gasoline, and fermenting tones which creates an unbelievable smell. This is also a slang term that describes a highly-aromatic cannabis strain (in a positive way). 141. Filter: This term describes multiple aspects of the marijuana industry. First, it can be used when separating cannabinoids from unwanted compounds, such as plant wax and lipids. It can also describe what bongs do, which is filter the smoke for larger hits. The water acts as a filter in a bong and is meant to cool down the smoke - as well as filter out ash. 142. Full-spectrum: A term that describes a cannabis concentrate that contains all available cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids. 143. Gas: A term that describes a highly pungent cannabis strain. When an individual says this, it means that the cannabis is of high quality. When a cannabis strain is gas, it’s likely that the aroma can’t be kept inside a container.

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The Ultimate Cannabis Dictionary

144. Genetics: This is a term that describes the backbone of each cannabis strain. When a cannabis strain is created, it consists of a mother and a father. The parents contain a multitude of traits, which are then passed down to the offspring. The offspring then exhibit these traits, which are the result of its’ genetics. 145. Genotype: This term refers to the genetic makeup of a cannabis strain. The genotype is what determines the characteristics of a strain, whereas the individual characteristics are the phenotypic traits. 146. Germing: A slang term that’s used to describe germinating cannabis seeds. 147. Germination: The process of sprouting cannabis seeds. This process involves soaking cannabis seeds until the root and shoot appear. This is the beginning stage of a cannabis plant’s life. The requirements for germination are not only moisture-based but also require adequate temperature and environmental conditions. 148. : A slang term that’s used to describe cannabis flowers. However, now it’s used to describe nearly anything cannabis-related. 149. Gateway : The out-dated belief that marijuana is the foundational drug that’s the jump-off point to even stronger substances, such as heroin and cocaine. 150. Grass: The slang term that describes cannabis flowers. This term was primarily used in the 1960s and is no longer a popular term to describe cannabis. 151. Grinder: An essential tool for breaking cannabis flowers into small pieces. Grinders are necessary to break apart cannabis buds for rolling joints and filling pipe bowls. By grinding cannabis flowers into smaller pieces, the marijuana burns evenly. 152. Glass: The primary material that devices are made from. Pipes, bongs, chillums, and bubblers are mainly made from borosilicate glass, which can sustain high levels of heat. 153. Green out: This is a slang term that describes when a person has consumed too much cannabis and is essentially blacking out. 154. Harvest: Once the flowering process is complete, cultivators begin to harvest their marijuana crop. This involves killing the cannabis plant and trimming it. Once the flowers have been trimmed, they are then dried. The harvest process can take anywhere from 1 to 3-weeks, depending on the amount harvested. Typically, cultivators can generate 1-harvest outdoors or multiple harvests indoors within a year. 155. Hybrid: This is the term that describes the offspring of two different strains. When breeders cross a Sativa with an Indica, the outcome is a hybrid that contains traits from both parents. The cannabis industry has eliminated the majority of heirloom cannabis strains from the gene pool through the high instance of hybrid creations. 156. Hydrofluorocarbon Extraction: This novel cannabinoid extraction technique is done via low-pressure isolation. This method involves multiple non-toxic gases to pull cannabinoids and terpenes from a cannabis plant.

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157. HPS: High-Pressure Sodium light bulbs are the primary type of lighting that’s used for flowering cannabis plants indoors. HPS bulbs come in a variety of wattages, such as 300w, 600w, and 1,000w. These bulbs are ideal for flowering cannabis plants because they emit light that’s in the red color spectrum. Cannabis plants respond to the red color spectrum because it mimics the shorter days of the Fall season. This tricks cannabis plants to rapidly begin flowering. 158. HID: This term describes High-Intensity Discharge bulbs. This category encompasses both metal halide and high-pressure sodium bulbs. Each of these bulbs emits massive amounts of lumens and requires a large amount of power. HID lighting is primarily used for indoor cannabis grow rooms; however, they are known to increase electricity costs and room temperature drastically. 159. Hydro: The term that’s used to describe hydroponic growing. 160. Hashish: A type of cannabis concentrate that’s produced by rubbing fingers over cannabis flowers. The trichomes are broken off and accumulated on the finger, which is then rolled into small balls. 161. Hermaphrodite: This is the term that describes when a female flower exhibits a single male flower. This occurs due to stress, such as a lack of water, over-feeding, and non-consistent lighting. The result is incredibly detrimental when producing cannabis flowers because a single flower can pollinate an entire crop. 162. Hermie: A slang term that describes when a female turns into a hermaphrodite. 163. Heirloom Variety: Landrace cannabis strains are indigenous to certain areas, which is why they are called heirloom varieties. These types of cannabis strains are becoming increasingly rare in the wild due to hybridization. 164. Head Stash: A term that describes the best of the best cannabis. When someone refers to cannabis flowers as head stash, it means that it’s their best strain. 165. Half Ounce: A term that describes 14-grams of cannabis. A full ounce of cannabis is 28-grams. 166. Hash Oil: This term describes cannabis concentrates that are derived from solvent-based and solventless extraction methods. The primary criteria for hash oil are that they must have an oil-like texture. 167. Hand-Whipping: This process involves cannabis concentrates and is a manual method for purging excess solvent from the extract. This method involves using a small stainless steel rod to vigorously move the cannabis concentrate to burst pockets of solvent so it can dissipate. This method is not recommended when making concentrates because purging excess solvent should be done in an automated machine. 168. Haze: A famous type of cannabis that’s renowned for its Sativa qualities. 169. Hemp: A subspecies of Cannabis sativa. Hemp is legal in the United States and is cultivated primarily for its high concentration of CBD.

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The Ultimate Cannabis Dictionary

170. High Terpene Full Spectrum Extract: A type of extract that contains high levels of terpenes - as well as cannabinoids. 171. Humulene: A terpene that’s found within cannabis and hops. This terpene is known to be sedative in nature and has anti-cancerous properties. 172. Hydroponics: The term that describes the cultivation of cannabis plants in water. This style of growth entails water, nutrients, and air to create the ideal environment for the rapid growth of marijuana plants. This method is typically performed indoors and is known to produce high-quality marijuana flowers. 173. Inert: A term that describes a medium that’s not chemically reactive. In cannabis cultivation, coco-coir is considered inert. 174. Indica: One of the three groups of cannabis that’s typically considered to make users sleepy. Indica cannabis plants originated in dry, mountainous, and arid climates. They are known for their compact flowers, short stature, and bushy growth. 175. Ice Wax: A type of wax that’s extracted by water and ice. 176. Ice water extraction: A method that involves ice and water. Cannabis is mixed into the water and mixed with a large spoon. The trichomes detach and sink to the bottom of the container. Once the trichomes are separated, it’s allowed to dry into what is known as ice wax. 177. Indoor: This term describes growing cannabis plants indoors under manipulated environmental conditions. Light, soil, water, humidity, and temperature are all regulated in indoor growing operations. 178. IPM: Integrated Pest Management is a compilation of techniques to deter pests from invading a cannabis crop. 179. Isopropyl Alcohol: A type of rubbing alcohol that’s used to strip cannabis plants of cannabinoids and terpenes. 180. Joint: This describes ground cannabis flowers that are placed into rolling papers and rolled. These resemble cigarettes but do not contain tobacco. Joints are typically smoked between 2-3 people and generally contain up to one gram of cannabis flower. 181. Juvenile: This term describes a young cannabis plant that hasn’t reached sexual maturity. This stage of growth is considered to be after the seedling stage that leads to the vegetative stage. 182. : This type of cannabis extract is the rudimentary form of dry-sift. Kief is produced from grinding cannabis flowers, which detaches the fragile trichomes from the flower. Most grinders contain sieves that allow only trichome glands through. After prolonged use, users can find large quantities of kief collected at the bottom of the grinder. 183. : the famed cannabis family that was originally brought from the Hindu Kush mountain range in Pakistan. Kush is primarily Indica dominant and provides a

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strong dose of relaxation. Kush has since been hybridized into a plethora of cannabis strains. 184. LED: Light Emitting Diodes are lights that consume far less electricity compared to power-hungry HIDs. LEDs also emit far less heat, which makes them ideal for most home cultivators. LEDs do not produce the intense lumens associated with commercial growing, but they do offer drastically lowered electricity bills. 185. Landrace: A term that describes indigenous cannabis strains. These heirloom varieties are native to particular areas. An example would be Mazar-I-Sharif, which is native to Afghanistan. Landrace strains are becoming rarer due to hybrids being the choice of the vast majority of commercial cannabis growers. 186. Lipids: These are fats that are found in cannabis plants. In any plant, lipids are a primary source of energy storage, which makes them critical components of any plant species. When concentrate producers extract cannabinoids, lipids make the oil murky. This effects the overall quality, which is why cannabis extractors separate lipids from the end concentrate product. 187. Live resin: A cannabis concentrate that’s famed for its sky-high percentage of terpenes. These concentrates are very oily because terpenes act as solvents, which quickly destabilizes any hardened wax. Live resin is made by fresh freezing cannabis plants immediately after they are harvested to retain the maximum number of terpenes. 188. Lumens: All light emits visible light. Lumens are the measurement of all visible light that’s emitted at any given time. A lumen's effectiveness diminishes over a distance; therefore, cultivators must find the ideal balance of distance between plant and lamp. If the plants are too close, they will suffer due to too intense lighting. If they are too far, they will grow slowly due to less lumen output. The ideal balance keeps the plants away from heat while providing ample lumens for photosynthesis. 189. Leaf: The structure that fuels the cannabis plants’ growth. The leaves are the engine of the plant because they contain pigments called chlorophyll, which allow for photosynthesis. 190. Legalization: The law that made cannabis legal (medicinal or recreational) in 33 states. This term means it is legal to buy or sell cannabis, depending on the laws of the state. 191. Limonene: A major terpene in cannabis flowers. This terpene smells and tastes like citrus. Its effects are highly motivating and stimulate the mind for creativity. Sativa’s are mostly associated with limonene because they mentally stimulate users and create a heightened sense of awareness. 192. Linalool: The primary terpene found in lavender. It has incredibly calming effects, which is why linalool is mainly found in Indica-dominant strains. This terpene is highly effective for reducing anxiety and depression; as well as elevating the mood. 17

The Ultimate Cannabis Dictionary

193. Marijuana: This is everything under the flag of the cannabis species. The products derived from cannabis are called marijuana, and this term has become normalized since the 20th century. Originally, marijuana was a slang term that was used to criminalize cannabis and was built from the word “marihuana.” 194. Male: Male cannabis plants are completely separate in the cannabis species. This is because marijuana plants are dioecious. At first, during vegetation, both males and females look identical; however, once they reach sexual maturity - males are distinctive. Small pollen sacs are visible, which contain pollen to pollinate any female. Males are typically shorter in stature, develop faster, and have thicker stems, although this is not always the case. 195. Medium: This term describes the material that a cannabis plant grows in. Examples of different types of medium are soil, rock wool cubes, coco-coir, perlite, vermiculite, peat, oasis cubes, and water. All of these materials can be used to grow cannabis as long as the roots have access to constant nutrition, moisture, and adequate warmth. 196. Marinol: This is the brand name for , which contains a synthetically derived form of THC. It was specifically created to treat intense nausea that’s associated with chemotherapy. It’s also prescribed for those that have cancer. Approved by the FDA in 1985, Marinol has since been prescribed only for extreme cases. 197. Medicinal Cannabis: Marijuana that is used to treat a variety of symptoms. Prior to legalization, medicinal cannabis was the only way to legally purchase marijuana products. This type of cannabis can only be recommended by a doctor and is subject to specific laws in each state. Medicinal cannabis is used to treat mental and physical disorders, as well as a wide range of diseases. Medicinal cannabis has recently been the subject of many pharmaceutical companies - especially for that of CBD. 198. Macronutrient: These are essential nutrients in a plant’s diet. Each of these nutrients plays a critical role, and they are phosphorous, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur. Macro means large, and this is because these essential nutrients are found in large amounts in the soil. In hydroponics, macronutrients, such as calcium, are needed in high amounts. 199. Micronutrient: These are less common nutrients found in the soil, but they are still essential for plant growth. Additionally, various micronutrients interact with macronutrients, making them an important aspect of the overall diet of a plant. This group includes boron, manganese, iron, copper, molybdenum, and zinc. In cannabis cultivation, many deficiencies that are experienced are due to a lack of micronutrients that resemble those of macronutrients to the untrained eye. 200. Microbe: These are tiny single-celled organisms that live in colonies - usually found within the soil. Cannabis cultivators have found that soil microbes have symbiotic

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effects with the marijuana plants’ roots. By introducing a beneficial microbe into the medium, growers can enhance the overall efficiency of nutrient uptake. 201. Medicinal License: This is also known as a doctor’s recommendation - or rec. These are given to medicinal marijuana patients that have been approved by a doctor. A medical license is needed to purchase cannabis from a medical dispensary. Medical dispensaries are only found in states that have legalized cannabis for medicinal use. 202. Moon Rocks: This is a popular brand of cannabis flowers that are covered hash oil and sprinkled with kief. This 3-way creates an intense and novel high due to the high THC content derived from the two marijuana concentrates added on to it. 203. Myrcene: The primary terpene found in Indica-dominant cannabis plants. Myrcene is responsible for the couch-lock effect and is known to be extremely sedative. This terpene is also capable of reducing anxiety and depression. 204. Nail: The item on a dab rig that is heated to a high degree. A dab tool is then used to place a small amount of cannabis concentrate onto the heated platform (nail). 205. Nug Run: A term that describes that only whole cannabis flowers were used to extract cannabinoids and terpenes for a concentrate. Cannabis concentrates that are derived from nug runs demand the highest price in the cannabis industry. 206. Nectar Collector: A handheld “dab straw.” These glass devices have a titanium nail and are used to dab concentrates by heating the nail. Once the nail is heated, users place the titanium tip directly to a concentrate, where they begin to inhale from the other end. 207. OG: The origin of this term is “Ocean Grown” from the region of Southern . It is attributed to many strains that contain OG Kush genetics within their lineage. In the cannabis industry, OG strains are by far the most popular due to the Ocean Grown legend. 208. Oil Rig: A term that describes the entire device that’s used for dabbing. 209. Ocimene: A terpene that’s known for its anti-inflammatory properties. 210. Open Blast: A slang term that describes when an individual produces cannabis concentrates without proper equipment. Open blast is a reference to the lack of a closed-loop system which allows for the volatile gases to accumulate in a room - creating a very dangerous situation. Open blast is highly dangerous because common solvents, such as butane, are highly flammable. When enough solvent has accumulated in a room, a single spark can cause an explosion. Open blast also contributes to climate change due to the massive amounts of chemicals that are released into the ozone. 211. Outdoor: Any cannabis that is grown outdoors under the sun is considered outdoor. This means that the cannabis plant is grown under a near-natural setting where it’s affected by all of the elements. Outdoor cannabis is typically considered less valuable than indoor crops. Outdoor cannabis crops are subject to rain, insects, and dust, which all contribute to a lower quality rating. 19

The Ultimate Cannabis Dictionary

212. PM: Powdery Mildew is a fungal disease that’s incredibly contagious. This fungus is caused by high levels of humidity and spreads rapidly. In most cases, powdery mildew is systemic, which means it affects the inside of the plant. Once a cannabis plant contracts powdery mildew - it’s likely that it will need to be destroyed. 213. Phenotype: The specific traits that are found in cannabis plants. High yield, vigor, aroma, potency, flavor, colors, trichome coverage, and overall height are all phenotypic traits. Each marijuana strain will contain a wide variety of phenotypes that will exhibit the dominance of one of the offspring’s parents. 214. Phytocannabinoid: This is another term for cannabinoids that are found within cannabis plants. 215. Pistil: This is the structure within the female flower that latches on to male pollen. 216. Post Harvest: This is a term that describes everything that happens after harvesting the marijuana crop. Drying and curing are seen as post-harvest steps. 217. Pre-Roll: A cannabis joint that is sold pre-assembled. Smokers don’t need to roll a joint themselves when they buy a pre-rolled joint. 218. Propagation: A term that describes when cultivators create cuttings or clones to grow into new cannabis plants. 219. Purge: The act of removing residual solvent from a cannabis concentrate through heat or direct contact. This is necessary for smokers’ health because chemical-based solvents are dangerous when heated. 220. Pesticide: Chemicals that are used to deter and eradicate insects that are attracted to the cannabis plant. The vast majority of pesticides are dangerous for human consumption; therefore, it’s essential that low-risk pesticides are used, such as organic varieties. States that have legal cannabis laws require pesticide screening because most cannabis products are burned and inhaled. 221. Pheno Hunt: This describes the act of searching for ideal traits from a variety of different seeds from the same strain. Each seed contains different phenotypes, and the most common traits to search for are high yields, fast flowering times, and potent cannabis flowers. Many breeders will pheno hunt for months on end to find the perfect trait that suits their needs. 222. Phenol: An aromatic organic compound that is highly volatile and found within cannabis plants. 223. Pinene: A primary cannabis terpene that’s known for its pine-like aroma. This terpene is known to produce elevated awareness, reduce anxiety, and decrease pain. It is also known as a bronchodilator and can help relieve asthma. 224. Pipe: One of the most common devices to smoke cannabis. These devices come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes, are consist of a bowl to place ground cannabis

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flowers, a carb, and a mouthpiece. These devices are most commonly made from borosilicate glass to withstand the high temperature of lighters. 225. Pot: A slang term that describes cannabis flowers. Although this term is nearly outdated, it is still used to describe the buds of marijuana. 226. Pull n’ Snap: A popular cannabis concentrate that’s known for its malleable structure. Unlike shatter, pull n’ snap is reminiscent of taffy. Users must use a dab tool to pull a piece of the wax and then use a whipping motion to “snap” it off. This piece is then placed onto a dab rig to be smoked. 227. PPM: Parts per million describes the concentration of properties within water or soil. A PPM device is used to quantify the amount of a given nutrient within the water. It can also be used to measure the number of nutrients available within the soil by testing the runoff. 228. Pelican Case: A type of protective case that’s popular among dab enthusiasts to secure their expensive dab rigs. 229. Pinner: A slang term that describes a small joint or less than half a gram of cannabis. In other words, it’s enough for a small hit. 230. Pressed Hash: This is hash that is pressed into small bricks. Normally, hash is rolled into balls but pressed hash is shaped into squares. 231. Pistillate: This means that female cannabis flowers contain pistils, rather than stamens. Stamens are found on males because they produce pollen. Since cannabis flowers are dioecious, males and females are found on separate plants. 232. Pollen: The microgametes of males that pollinate females to create offspring. Cannabis pollen is incredibly small, and a single male can potentially pollinate an entire field of female cannabis plants with a small breeze. Due to the massive amount of pollen that a single male contains, it’s essential that males are destroyed when cultivating females for marijuana flowers. 233. PR: Private reserve denotes high-quality cannabis. In most cannabis dispensaries, private reserve is the most expensive category of cannabis flowers. 234. PHO: Propane hash oil is an uncommon cannabis concentrate that’s created by using propane as the primary solvent. 235. Quality Control: This practice must be implemented by cannabis companies to ensure the overall safe quality of their products. Edibles, flowers, and concentrates must all be tested for quality control to assure customers that the products that they are using are void of residual chemicals. Quality control entails lab testing each and every product before it goes on shelves. This practice also heavily depends on sanitary conditions when producing cannabis products. 236. QWISO: Quick Wash Isopropyl is the extraction technique that uses isopropyl alcohol as the primary solvent. This is a fast method for producing cannabis concentrate due to the rapid evaporation time of isopropyl alcohol. 21

The Ultimate Cannabis Dictionary

237. Quartz Banger: A type of platform and material that’s used to dab concentrates from. A banger is the platform of dab rigs, whereas the quartz is a heat-resistant material. Bangers are made from a variety of materials, such as quartz, titanium, and ceramic. Quartz is the most sought after material for bangers because it can withstand extreme temperatures that are associated with dabbing. 238. Resin: This is a slang term for trichomes. It can also be used to describe the burned material that coats the side of a bowl after smoking. 239. Runoff: A term that describes the water that flows from the bottom of a container after watering. For hydroponics, runoff is necessary to ensure that there isn’t salt buildup. Runoff can hold crucial information to a cultivator’s advantage, such as measuring the pH and PPM of the nutrient solution. 240. Resistance: A term that describes the cannabis plants’ ability to fight against detrimental factors, such as pests, heat, cold, fungi, and bacteria. When choosing a cannabis strain, it’s vital to always look for a variety that’s resistant to problems associated with the given environment. 241. Residual Solvent: The leftover chemicals in cannabis concentrates. When marijuana extracts are produced, there are small amounts of solvent left within the product. This remaining solvent must be purged to refine the concentrate and to ensure that the end-user doesn’t smoke residual chemicals. 242. Refinement: This step enhances the overall quality of cannabis concentrate. Typical methods for refinement include raised or sub-zero temperatures; as well as the isolation of specific cannabinoids. 243. Rick Simpson Oil: A popular medicinal hash oil that was created by the cannabis advocate Rick Simpson. 244. Reclaim: The burned resin that accumulates on the sides of a banger on a dab rig is called reclaim. This material can be collected after it builds up to be dabbed again at a later period. It is known as a recycled product; however, it is much harsher than smoking fresh cannabis concentrate. 245. Recreational: The term that describes cannabis that is used for personal enjoyment. Cannabis that is used for social gatherings, relaxation, and for anything that’s not medical-related is considered recreational cannabis. So far, only 11 states allow recreational cannabis to be bought and sold in the United States. 246. Reefer Madness: A reference to the anti-cannabis propaganda movie made in 1936. The term reefer became popularized but is no longer commonly used. 247. Rolling Papers: Thin papers that come in a small booklet. These papers are made from hemp, rice, flax, or esparto. These are used to roll joints that are filled with cannabis. 248. Rosin: A solventless cannabis extract that is produced by heat and pressure. Large presses are used to “squish” whole cannabis flowers, which produce pure

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cannabis concentrate. Rosin is then accumulated and packaged. Most users dab rosin rather than smoke it. 249. Ruderalis: A distinct cannabis species that is known to contain the ability to autoflower. These plants are small in stature, are small yielders, and are less potent than Sativas or Indicas. They are the primary tool for breeders to create autoflowering seeds. 250. : The very end of a joint that is difficult to hold. In the past, joints were rolled without a filter, which led to users needing a roach clip to smoke the very end of a joint. However, most joints today are rolled with a filter that makes a roach clip unnecessary. 251. Rig: A term that describes the oil rig or dab rig that’s used for dabbing cannabis concentrates. 252. Sativa: A primary cannabis species that contain the hemp subspecies. The sativa species is originally from the tropics, such as Panama, Vietnam, South Africa, Colombia, and Laos. Sativas are known for their potent cerebral effects that are sometimes classified as hallucinatory. Sativa strains grow tall in a Christmas tree shape and are acclimated to high levels of humidity and low levels of lumens. 253. Secondary leaves: These small leaves on the cannabis plant grow within each cannabis flower. These secondary leaves are half the size of primary fan leaves and are typically covered in trichomes that overflow from the flowers. These leaves are also known as sugar leaves and are routinely used to concentrates known as trim run. Once the larger fan leaves begin to fall off during the later stage of flowering, secondary leaves are the primary source for photosynthesis. 254. Seedlings: These baby plants are at the beginning stage of their life. A seedling is a plant that has recently broken free from its seed case and has produced a shoot and root. In general, seedlings have 1-3 true leaf sets and still have a visible cotyledon. It’s essential that a seedling has access to direct light, or it will begin stretching, which is called seed stretch. 255. Shatter: This is one of the most popular styles of cannabis concentrates. The wax is stable enough to hold without the product becoming instantly sticky. Shatter is supposed to resemble a shard of glass and is typically produced with butane as the primary solvent. Due to the stability of shatter, these concentrates have low terpene concentrations. 256. Short-Path Distillation: This refinement technique is used to remove impurities from a cannabis concentrate or to isolate a cannabinoid. This method utilizes dual heated vessels that are separated by a short path bridge. As one vessel is heated, the condensate is accumulated in the separation vessel. What’s left is the refined product. 257. Skunk: This term describes the pungent aroma that’s common among cannabis strains that contain a Skunk variety. Skunk is a popularized and import cannabis strain 23

The Ultimate Cannabis Dictionary

that was created by crossing Afghani, , and Colombian Gold. Skunk is used as a basis for many hybrid strains that are seen today. 258. Soilless: This material is neither soil-based or hydroponic. Instead, the medium is inert and is a hybridization of soil and hydroponics. Examples of soilless are coco-coir, vermiculite, perlite, and rockwool. These materials do not contain a reactive charge and must be buffered before using. 259. Solvent: A chemical that can strip the cannabis plant of its cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids. A solvent can be CO2, butane, ethanol, propane, alcohol, and isopropyl alcohol. The solvent is only a means for separating these components from cannabis plants, but are then removed during the purging and refinement process. The end product of a cannabis concentrate should never contain noticeable levels of solvent. 260. Stretch: A term that describes the growth that occurs immediately after flowering is induced. Once the 12/12 lighting schedule is activated, the cannabis plant can grow anywhere from 100-400% of its original size. In general, Indicas have less stretch compared to Sativas; however, many hybrids have mixed results due to dominating traits. 261. Symptom: This can be the visual representation of a problem on a cannabis plant. Examples of symptoms can be mottled leaves, curled leaves, leaf loss, stunted growth, necrosis, discolored tissues, deformed growth, root rot, and much more. Cannabis cultivators must view the symptoms to deal with the problem appropriately. If the problem is misdiagnosed, the symptoms can worsen. 262. Sauce: A slang term for a high-terpene cannabis concentrate. High-terpene concentrates are also known as a sauce because they are normally liquid-like due to the instability of terpenes when in large concentrations. 263. Seed: The protective casing for the embryonic plant within. A seed is the result of the reproduction of plants and contains the genetic material of both the mother and the father. 264. Session: In cannabis culture, this term describes any time an individual or multiple people consume cannabis. For example, when multiple people smoke a bong, it’s considered a single session. Multiple sessions mean that the bowl was loaded multiple times. 265. Sensimilla: A term that describes a female cannabis plant that isn’t pollinated. The overall goal of cannabis cultivators is always to grow female plants that aren’t pollinated by a male. When female cannabis plants are not pollinated, the flowers grow larger, which results in a larger overall yield. 266. Stamen: The male reproductive part of a cannabis plant. The stamen is the structure that holds the anther and filament. The filament is the support structure, and the anther is the structure that contains pollen.

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267. Stoned: The effects caused by consuming marijuana. In general, this term is more associated with the sedative effects of Indicas. When an individual is stoned, they are likely to feel lazy, sleepy, and relaxed. 268. Strain: The genotype of cannabis. A strain is the identifying name of a cannabis cultivar. There are well over 2,000 identifiable strains currently. 269. Sugar: A slang term used in place of trichomes. The trichome glands resemble sugar grains in size and color, which is why cannabis culture has taken to calling these resin glands sugar. 270. Sugar Leaf: The secondary leaves that are close to the flower normally contain trichomes. Due to their proximity to the flower, they are covered in resin, which is why they are called sugar leaves. These leaves are also used to make cannabis concentrates, albeit of lower quality compared to that of nug run. 271. Sun Grown: A term for cannabis plants that are grown outdoors under the sun. In general, sun-grown cannabis is far more economical compared to indoor growing but is significantly lower in quality. 272. Synergy: This term describes the reciprocity between materials or life forms. In the case of cannabis, the cannabinoids work with the human endocannabinoid system to create therapeutic effects known as the entourage effect. 273. Symbiosis: This term describes when two organisms work together to benefit each other. Cannabis plants and beneficial bacteria and fungi exhibit co-dependence that is beneficial for both parties. Beneficial bacteria and fungi are known to break down nutrients for plant roots and the roots, in turn, provide the bacteria or fungi with sugar exudates for food. 274. Spliff: A mixture of cannabis and tobacco rolled into a joint is known as a spliff. This method of smoking is far more popular in Europe than in the USA. 275. Spider Mites: Spider-like pests that are incredibly dangerous to cannabis plants. Spider mites are members of the Acari family and are highly destructive. These microscopic animals feed on plant cells and spin hard-to-see webs that can quickly encase a plant. 276. Schwag: A slang term that describes poor-quality cannabis. 277. Seed to sale: A technological innovation that can track a seed all the way to the point of sale. Internet-based platforms are built so that cultivators, retailers, and regulators can track and trace every movement of any cannabis product in the legal market. Seed to sale platforms is used to combat the black market cannabis economy. 278. Slab: A bulk form of cannabis concentrates that’s later cut into smaller pieces for sale. 279. Solvent Recovery: The process in which some closed-loop systems recycle solvent to be used again. This feature saves money for cannabis extraction companies and reduces waste. 25

The Ultimate Cannabis Dictionary

280. Terpene: An organic compound that’s found throughout the entire plant kingdom. In cannabis plants, there are over 120 known terpenes that occur. These compounds are responsible for the flavor and aroma of cannabis flowers. It is also believed that terpenes play a large role in how humans feel when smoking cannabis, especially in regards to medicinal benefits. 281. THC: is the primary cannabinoid that’s found in cannabis. This compound is psychoactive and is the main reason why people feel high or stoned. THC blocks the receptors that are found within the endocannabinoid system, which affects memory function, emotional control, and motor skills. 282. Tincture: A type of cannabis-based product that’s used by oral ingestion or via topical placement. Many tinctures consist of cannabis extract oil and a carrier oil, such as coconut oil. 283. Topical: The method of placing cannabis products on the skin. These come in the form of lotions, salves, and tinctures. These products take roughly 30-45 minutes to take effect and enable users with rapid pain relief. 284. Torch: A mini blow torch is used to create the heat needed to dab. These are butane powered blow torches and are the primary heating tool for heating a banger on a dab rig. 285. Trichome: A resin gland that contains cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids. Trichomes are sticky glands that are meant to latch onto pollen grains to increase the chance of pollination. The trichome is an excellent indicator for cultivators to decide if the flower is ready to harvest. 286. Trim: Once harvested, the flowers need to be trimmed to leave just the flowers. During this manicuring process, fan leaves and secondary leaves are taken off the branches. The cut leaves are called trim. 287. Trim Run: After harvest, all the leaves that have been manicured from the flowers are accumulated and processed. Either through solvents or solventless methods, the trim is processed to produce cannabis concentrate. This is possible because secondary leaves have trichome glands on them. The cannabis concentrate that trim runs’ produce is far lower in quality compared to that of nug runs. Trim run extracts tend to come out darker instead of the light gold that’s ubiquitous with nug runs. Also, the yield is far less when using trim for concentrates because the secondary leaves are not populated with the sheer amount of trichome coverage that’s found on the flower. 288. Taffy: A type of cannabis concentrate that’s similar to pull n’ snap due to its consistency. It can also mean an edible that’s meant to look like taffy. 289. Terp Sauce: A type of cannabis concentrate that’s specifically produced to have a large concentration of terpenes. In some cases, terp sauce is void of cannabinoids. 290. THCA: The inactive form of THC. THCA has an attached acid molecule that renders the THC useless. However, once the heat is applied to the compound - the THCA

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loses its acid molecule and it becomes activated. This process is known as decarboxylation and occurs when users place a heat source near their cannabis (lighter, torch, vaporizer). 291. Top Shelf: The term for the very best cannabis. This category is reserved for marijuana products that are above exceptional - and contain a corresponding price. 292. Thai Stick: A slang term from the 1960s, this refers to cannabis joints that were found easily in Thailand and other areas of South East Asia. They were known for their energizing and paranoia-inducing effects. 293. Transportation Permit: A permit that’s required to transport cannabis-products lawfully. The legalization of marijuana stipulates that marijuana must be transported via a licensed individual. This is only in terms of large, wholesale quantities. 294. Transdermal Patch: A product that contains a specific dose of cannabis and is placed on the skin. The patch releases the dose of THC or CBD over time. 295. Tray: A crucial accessory for any cannabis enthusiast - especially when rolling a joint. These trays hold cannabis, grinders, rolling papers, and more. They enable users to have a clean and organized environment when preparing cannabis for consumption. 296. Use Case: All cannabis products have a potential use case, whether it be for recreational, medicinal, or spiritual purposes. Each cannabis product will impart unique effects, which means users can fine-tune their experience by carefully selecting a specific marijuana product. 297. User: The person who uses cannabis. 298. Vaporizer: The primary tool that cannabis users use to vape marijuana products. Vaporizers use a specific level of heat to find the point of vaporization, instead of combustion. Combustion releases toxic smoke, whereas vaporization leads to harmless vapor. Many vaporizers allow users to fine-tune their temperatures, and this customization enhances the taste of anything being vaporized. Vaporizers come in many forms and are most commonly found in handheld sizes that allow users to vape concentrate and flower. 299. Vape Pen: A type of vaporizer that’s in the form of a pen. The lower section of the vape pen is the battery pack, and the top section consists of the cartridge or vessel where users can place ground flowers or concentrate. 300. Vapor: The result of vaporization. As cannabis is vaporized, vapor is produced and subsequently inhaled. 301. Veg: A slang term that describes the vegetative stage of a cannabis plant. 302. Vacuum Oven: A device that’s used to purge residual solvent from a cannabis concentrate. These devices suck all remaining gas from the extract and are the final step for most cannabis concentrates. These devices work by reducing the pressure within the chamber significantly, which removes moisture, volatile chemicals, and any impurities.

27

The Ultimate Cannabis Dictionary

303. Vegetation: The stage where the majority of growth occurs for the cannabis plant. 304. Watts: The unit of power for lighting systems or any other electronic device that’s used in the grow room. Common wattages for HIDs and LEDs are 150w, 300w, 600w, and 1,000w. The higher the wattage, the more electricity is consumed to power it. The difference between a 1,000w and a 150w is drastic and is very noticeable when electricity bills. 305. Weed: A slang term for cannabis that’s used to this day. Anything that contains cannabis can be called weed; however, it’s most commonly associated with the flower. 306. Winterize: A process of lipid removal to create a pure cannabis extract. Winterization occurs by rinsing the extract in ethanol and freezing it. This allows the extract to separate itself from all impurities, such as plant waxes, lipids, and any other impurity. 307. Wax: The end result of many cannabis concentrates. Shatter, crumble, pull n’ snap, and taffy are all forms of tangible wax. Although other cannabis concentrates are called wax, their form is not stable. 308. Washing Machine: These machines are used to stir cannabis material, water, and ice to create ice water hash. These automated devices allow home cultivators the ability to produce their own ice water hash - all while saving time. 309. Whole Plant: This reference describes the entire plant being used - primarily for cannabis concentrates. This is seen with live resins where the whole plant is freshly frozen immediately after harvest. 310. Waxes: Plant waxes are a common bi-product that is stripped of cannabinoids during the extraction process. They decrease the value of marijuana extracts because they cloud up the final product. 311. Water Hash: A type of solventless cannabis extract that uses water and ice as the primary method for removing trichomes. 312. Yield: This term describes the amount of cannabis flower that a marijuana plant produces. Obtaining a massive yield is the ultimate goal for every cannabis cultivator. 313. Zone: A slang term for an ounce (28-grams).

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