Protective Activity of Phytochemicals from Natural Extracts
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Opuntia Dillenii (Ker-Gawl) Haw
Available online on www.ijppr.com International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research 2015; 7(6); 1101-1110 ISSN: 0975-4873 Research Article Pectin and Isolated Betalains from Opuntia dillenii (Ker-Gawl) Haw. Fruit Exerts Antiproliferative Activity by DNA Damage Induced Apoptosis Pavithra K1, Sumanth, M S2, Manonmani,H K2, ShashirekhaM N1* 1Fruit and Vegetable Technology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute Mysore -570 020, Karnataka, India 2Food Protectants and Infestation Control, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore -570 020, Karnataka, India Available Online: 11th October, 2015 ABSTRACT In India, nearly three million patients are suffering from Cancer. There is an alarming increase in new cancer cases and every year ~ 4.5 million people die from cancer in the world. In recent years there is a trend to adopt botanical therapy that uses many different plant constituents as medicine. One plant may be able to address many problems simultaneously by stimulating the immune system to help fight off cancer cells. There appears to be exceptional and growing public enthusiasm for botanical or "herbal" medicines, especially amongst cancer patients. In present study, we studied the in vitro anticancer properties of various fractions of cactus Opuntia dillenii (Ker-Gawl) Haw.employing Erlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cell lines. The EAC cells when treated with fractions of O. dillenii showed apoptosis that was further confirmed by fluorescent and confocal microscopy. In addition, Cellular DNA content was determined by Flow cytometric analysis, wherein pigment treated cells exhibited 78.88 % apoptosis while pulp and pectin treated cells showed 39 and 38% apoptosis respectively. Tunnel assay was carried out to detect extensive DNA degradation in late stages of apoptosis. -
Fabrication of Eco-Friendly Betanin Hybrid Materials Based on Palygorskite and Halloysite
materials Article Fabrication of Eco-Friendly Betanin Hybrid Materials Based on Palygorskite and Halloysite Shue Li 1,2,3, Bin Mu 1,3,*, Xiaowen Wang 1,3, Yuru Kang 1,3 and Aiqin Wang 1,3,* 1 Key Laboratory of Clay Mineral Applied Research of Gansu Province, Center of Eco-Materials and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; [email protected] (S.L.); [email protected] (X.W.); [email protected] (Y.K.) 2 Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China 3 Center of Xuyi Palygorskite Applied Technology, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xuyi 211700, China * Correspondence: [email protected] (B.M.); [email protected] (A.W.); Tel.: +86-931-486-8118 (B.M.); Fax: +86-931-496-8019 (B.M.) Received: 3 September 2020; Accepted: 15 October 2020; Published: 18 October 2020 Abstract: Eco-friendly betanin/clay minerals hybrid materials with good stability were synthesized by combining with adsorption, grinding, and heating treatment using natural betanin extracted from beetroot and natural 2:1 type palygorskite or 1:1 type halloysite. After incorporation of clay minerals, the thermal stability and solvent resistance of natural betanin were obviously enhanced. Due to the difference in the structure of palygorskite and halloysite, betanin was mainly adsorbed on the outer surface of palygorskite or halloysite through hydrogen-bond interaction, but also part of them also entered into the lumen of Hal via electrostatic interaction. Compared with palygorskite, hybrid materials prepared with halloysite exhibited the better color performance, heating stability and solvent resistance due to the high loading content of betanin and shielding effect of lumen of halloysite. -
Effects of Spermine and Putrescine Polyamines on Capsaicin Accumula- Tion in Capsicum Annuum L
doi:10.14720/aas.2020.115.2.1199 Original research article / izvirni znanstveni članek Effects of spermine and putrescine polyamines on capsaicin accumula- tion in Capsicum annuum L. cell suspension cultures Esra KOÇ 1, 2, Cemil İŞLEK 3, Belgizar KARAYİĞİT 1 Received June 25, 2019; accepted April 11, 2020. Delo je prispelo 25. junija 2019, sprejeto 11. aprila 2020 Effects of spermine and putrescine polyamines on capsaicin Učinki poliaminov spermina in putrescina na akumulacijo accumulation in Capsicum annuum L. cell suspension cul- kapsaicina v suspenzijski kulturi celic paprike Capsicum an- tures nuum L. Abstract: This study examined the effects of different con- Izvleček: V raziskavi so bili preučevani učinki različnih centrations of spermine (Spm) and putrescine (Put) elicitors on koncentracij spermina (Spm) in putrescina (Put) kot elicitorjev capsaicin production at different times in cell suspension cul- na tvorbo kapsaicina v različnih časovnih intervalih v suspen- ture of peper (Capsicum annuum L‘Kahramanmaraş Hat-187’.), zijski celični kulturi paprike (Capsicum annuum ‘Kahramanma- raised from pepper seeds. Callus was obtained from hypocotyl raş Hat-187’. Kalus je bil pridobljen iz izsečkov hipokotila kalic explants of pepper seedlings germinated in vitro conditions, paprike, ki je vzkalila v in vitro razmerah, celične suspenzije so and cell suspensions were prepared from calluses. Spm (0.1, 0.2 bile pripravljene iz kalusov. Spm (0,1; 0,2 in 0,4 mg l-1) in Put -1) and Put (0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mg l-1) elicitors were ap- and 0.4 mg l (0,1; 0,2 in 0,4 mg l-1) sta bila dodajana kor elicitorja v celične plied on cell suspensions, and control groups free from elicitor suspenzije, hkrati so bile vzpostavljene kontrolne celične kul- treatment were created. -
Pitaia (Hylocereus Sp.): Uma Revisão Para O Brasil
Gaia Scientia (2014) Volume 8 (1): 90-98 Versão On line ISSN 1981-1268 http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/gaia/index Pitaia (Hylocereus sp.): Uma revisão para o Brasil Ernane Nogueira Nunes1*, Alex Sandro Bezerra de Sousa2, Camilla Marques de Lucena3, Silvanda de Melo Silva4, Reinaldo Farias Paiva de Lucena5, Carlos Antônio Belarmino Alves6 e Ricardo Elesbão Alves7. 1Aluno de Pós Graduação (Mestrado) do Programa de Pós Graduação em Agronomia. Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Campus II. Centro de Ciências Agrárias. Areia, Paraíba, Brasil. CEP: 58.397-000. 2Aluno de Graduação em Agronomia. Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Campus II. Centro de Ciências Agrárias. Areia, Paraíba, Brasil. CEP: 58.397-000. e-mail: [email protected] 3Aluna de Pós Graduação (Doutorado) do Programa de Pós Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente. Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Campus I. João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil. CEP: 5801-970. e-mail: [email protected] 4Professora da Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Campus II. Centro de Ciências Agrárias. Departamento de Ciências Fundamentais e Sociais. Areia. Paraíba. Brasil. CEP: 58.397-000. e-mail: [email protected] 5Professor da Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Campus II. Centro de Ciências Agrárias. Departamento de Fitotecnia e Ciências Ambientais. Setor de Ecologia e Biodiversidade. Laboratório de Etnoecologia. Areia. Paraíba. Brasil. CEP: 58.397-000. e-mail: [email protected] 6Professor da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba. Centro de Humanidades. Guarabira, Paraíba, Brasil. CEP: 58.200-000. e-mail: [email protected] 7Pesquisadores da Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária. EMBRAPA Agroindústria Tropical. Fortaleza. Ceará, Brasil. CEP: 60511-110. e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] Artigo recebido em 17 janeiro 2013; aceito para publicação em 8 março 2014; publicado 12 março 2014 Resumo As espécies da família Cactaceae, possivelmente tiveram sua origem na América do Norte, Central e do Sul. -
How to Improve the Functionality, Nutritional Value and Health
a ISSN 0101-2061 (Print) Food Science and Technology ISSN 1678-457X (Online) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.17721 How to improve the functionality, nutritional value and health properties of fermented milks added of fruits bioactive compounds: a review Amanda Alves PRESTES1, Maryella Osório VARGAS2, Cristiane Vieira HELM3, Erick Almeida ESMERINO4, Ramon SILVA4, Elane Schwinden PRUDENCIO1,2* Abstract Fermented milks, with diverse manufacturing, fermentations and specific strains, have been consumed around the world, with a millennial knowledge of their production. These dairy products have a potential nutritional value, taking food industries to invest, nowadays, in dairy products with a functional and healthy appeal due to the changes in the habits and diet of the population. The addition of natural ingredients from vegetables and fruits into fermented milks is a tendency nowadays. The inclusion of natural additives may change the texture, composition, sensory attributes and increase of the shelf life since some compounds are related to have a high antioxidant activity, which decreases the development of deteriorating microorganisms. These called bioactive compounds are synthesized by plants and also may contribute to the fermented milk formulation, in special from fruits, which increase the sensory acceptance. Several classes of fruits bioactive compounds are associated to several health benefits and are a base of many studies about functional fermented milks, reported in this review. This theory background becomes essential for future studies and dairy products development. Keywords: dairy products; functional food; natural additives; antioxidant activity; prebiotics. Practical Application: Potential functional properties of fermented milks added of fruit bioactive compounds. 1 Introduction The dairy products manufacturing is known since Foods with a functional appeal are those that, besides to antiquity, with the fermentation process as a traditional promote basic nutrients, when consumed in a routine, produce approach to food preservation. -
Studies on Betalain Phytochemistry by Means of Ion-Pair Countercurrent Chromatography
STUDIES ON BETALAIN PHYTOCHEMISTRY BY MEANS OF ION-PAIR COUNTERCURRENT CHROMATOGRAPHY Von der Fakultät für Lebenswissenschaften der Technischen Universität Carolo-Wilhelmina zu Braunschweig zur Erlangung des Grades einer Doktorin der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.) genehmigte D i s s e r t a t i o n von Thu Tran Thi Minh aus Vietnam 1. Referent: Prof. Dr. Peter Winterhalter 2. Referent: apl. Prof. Dr. Ulrich Engelhardt eingereicht am: 28.02.2018 mündliche Prüfung (Disputation) am: 28.05.2018 Druckjahr 2018 Vorveröffentlichungen der Dissertation Teilergebnisse aus dieser Arbeit wurden mit Genehmigung der Fakultät für Lebenswissenschaften, vertreten durch den Mentor der Arbeit, in folgenden Beiträgen vorab veröffentlicht: Tagungsbeiträge T. Tran, G. Jerz, T.E. Moussa-Ayoub, S.K.EI-Samahy, S. Rohn und P. Winterhalter: Metabolite screening and fractionation of betalains and flavonoids from Opuntia stricta var. dillenii by means of High Performance Countercurrent chromatography (HPCCC) and sequential off-line injection to ESI-MS/MS. (Poster) 44. Deutscher Lebensmittelchemikertag, Karlsruhe (2015). Thu Minh Thi Tran, Tamer E. Moussa-Ayoub, Salah K. El-Samahy, Sascha Rohn, Peter Winterhalter und Gerold Jerz: Metabolite profile of betalains and flavonoids from Opuntia stricta var. dilleni by HPCCC and offline ESI-MS/MS. (Poster) 9. Countercurrent Chromatography Conference, Chicago (2016). Thu Tran Thi Minh, Binh Nguyen, Peter Winterhalter und Gerold Jerz: Recovery of the betacyanin celosianin II and flavonoid glycosides from Atriplex hortensis var. rubra by HPCCC and off-line ESI-MS/MS monitoring. (Poster) 9. Countercurrent Chromatography Conference, Chicago (2016). ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This PhD would not be done without the supports of my mentor, my supervisor and my family. -
Functional Role of Betalains in Disphyma Australe Under Salinity Stress
FUNCTIONAL ROLE OF BETALAINS IN DISPHYMA AUSTRALE UNDER SALINITY STRESS BY GAGANDEEP JAIN A thesis submitted to the Victoria University of Wellington In fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Victoria University of Wellington (2016) i “ An understanding of the natural world and what’s in it is a source of not only a great curiosity but great fulfillment” -- David Attenborough ii iii Abstract Foliar betalainic plants are commonly found in dry and exposed environments such as deserts and sandbanks. This marginal habitat has led many researchers to hypothesise that foliar betalains provide tolerance to abiotic stressors such as strong light, drought, salinity and low temperatures. Among these abiotic stressors, soil salinity is a major problem for agriculture affecting approximately 20% of the irrigated lands worldwide. Betacyanins may provide functional significance to plants under salt stress although this has not been unequivocally demonstrated. The purpose of this thesis is to add knowledge of the various roles of foliar betacyanins in plants under salt stress. For that, a series of experiments were performed on Disphyma australe, which is a betacyanic halophyte with two distinct colour morphs in vegetative shoots. In chapter two, I aimed to find the effect of salinity stress on betacyanin pigmentation in D. australe and it was hypothesised that betacyanic morphs are physiologically more tolerant to salinity stress than acyanic morphs. Within a coastal population of red and green morphs of D. australe, betacyanin pigmentation in red morphs was a direct result of high salt and high light exposure. Betacyanic morphs were physiologically more tolerant to salt stress as they showed greater maximum CO2 assimilation rates, water use efficiencies, photochemical quantum yields and photochemical quenching than acyanic morphs. -
The Inhibitory Effect of Betanin on Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes
Journal of Food and Nutrition Research, 2019, Vol. 7, No. 6, 447-451 Available online at http://pubs.sciepub.com/jfnr/7/6/6 Published by Science and Education Publishing DOI:10.12691/jfnr-7-6-6 The Inhibitory Effect of Betanin on Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes Jen-Yin Chen1,2,#, Chin-Chen Chu2,#, Shih-Ying Chen3, Heuy-Ling Chu4, Pin-Der Duh4,* 1Department of Senior Citizen Service Management, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Taiwan, ROC 2Department of Anesthesiology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Taiwan, ROC 3Department of Health and Nutrition, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC 4Department of Food Science and Technology, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, 60 Erh-Jen Road, Section 1, Pao-An, Jen-Te District, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC #These authors contributed equally to this work. *Corresponding author: [email protected] Received April 05, 2019; Revised May 31, 2019; Accepted June 10, 2019 Abstract Betanin, a natural pigment that presents ubiquitously in plants, has been reported to show biological effects. However, not much is known on the effectiveness of betanin in regulating fat accumulation. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the inhibitory effect of betanin on adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and its mechanism action. The results show betanin significantly inhibited oil red O-stained material (OROSM) and triglyceride levels in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, indicating betanin inhibited lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In addition, the peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor γ (PPARγ) expression was significantly inhibited in the betanin-treated adipocytes, implying that betanin suppressed the cellular PPARγexpression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. -
Pigment Palette by Dr
Tree Leaf Color Series WSFNR08-34 Sept. 2008 Pigment Palette by Dr. Kim D. Coder, Warnell School of Forestry & Natural Resources, University of Georgia Autumn tree colors grace our landscapes. The palette of potential colors is as diverse as the natural world. The climate-induced senescence process that trees use to pass into their Winter rest period can present many colors to the eye. The colored pigments produced by trees can be generally divided into the green drapes of tree life, bright oil paints, subtle water colors, and sullen earth tones. Unveiling Overpowering greens of summer foliage come from chlorophyll pigments. Green colors can hide and dilute other colors. As chlorophyll contents decline in fall, other pigments are revealed or produced in tree leaves. As different pigments are fading, being produced, or changing inside leaves, a host of dynamic color changes result. Taken altogether, the various coloring agents can yield an almost infinite combination of leaf colors. The primary colorants of fall tree leaves are carotenoid and flavonoid pigments mixed over a variable brown background. There are many tree colors. The bright, long lasting oil paints-like colors are carotene pigments produc- ing intense red, orange, and yellow. A chemical associate of the carotenes are xanthophylls which produce yellow and tan colors. The short-lived, highly variable watercolor-like colors are anthocyanin pigments produc- ing soft red, pink, purple and blue. Tannins are common water soluble colorants that produce medium and dark browns. The base color of tree leaf components are light brown. In some tree leaves there are pale cream colors and blueing agents which impact color expression. -
Rationale on the High Radical Scavenging Capacity of Betalains
PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University Nijmegen The following full text is a publisher's version. For additional information about this publication click this link. http://hdl.handle.net/2066/206111 Please be advised that this information was generated on 2021-09-28 and may be subject to change. antioxidants Article Rationale on the High Radical Scavenging Capacity of Betalains Karina K. Nakashima y and Erick L. Bastos * Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil * Correspondence: [email protected] Current address: Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, y 6525 XZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Received: 17 June 2019; Accepted: 11 July 2019; Published: 13 July 2019 Abstract: Betalains are water-soluble natural pigments of increasing importance as antioxidants for pharmaceutical use. Although non-phenolic betalains have lower capacity to scavenge radicals compared to their phenolic analogues, both classes perform well as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents in vivo. Here we show that meta-hydroxyphenyl betalain (m-OH-pBeet) and phenylbetalain (pBeet) show higher radical scavenging capacity compared to their N-methyl iminium analogues, in which proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) from the imine nitrogen atom is precluded. The 1,7-diazaheptamethinium system was found to be essential for the high radical scavenging capacity of betalains and concerted PCET is the most thermodynamically favorable pathway for their one-electron oxidation. The results provide useful insights for the design of nature-derived redox mediators based on the betalain scaffold. Keywords: betalain; antioxidant; radical scavenger; natural pigments; redox mediator 1. -
Flavonoids and Their Metabolites: Prevention in Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes
diseases Perspective Flavonoids and Their Metabolites: Prevention in Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Keti Zeka 1,*,†, Ketan Ruparelia 1,†, Randolph R. J. Arroo 1, Roberta Budriesi 2 and Matteo Micucci 2 1 Leicester School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK; [email protected] (K.R.); [email protected] (R.R.J.A.) 2 Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy; [email protected] (R.B.); [email protected] (M.M.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +44-075-0647-3809 † These authors contributed equally to the present work. Received: 2 August 2017; Accepted: 3 September 2017; Published: 5 September 2017 Abstract: The occurrence of atherosclerosis and diabetes is expanding rapidly worldwide. These two metabolic disorders often co-occur, and are part of what is often referred to as the metabolic syndrome. In order to determine future therapies, we propose that molecular mechanisms should be investigated. Once the aetiology of the metabolic syndrome is clear, a nutritional intervention should be assessed. Here we focus on the protective effects of some dietary flavonoids, and their metabolites. Further studies may also pave the way for development of novel drug candidates. Keywords: antioxidants; atherosclerosis; diabetes; flavonoids; metabolites 1. Atherosclerosis Atherosclerosis is known to predispose patients to myocardial infarction and stroke, and it is responsible for cardiovascular ailments that represent the main cause of death in industrialised societies. Disorders related to atherosclerosis, e.g., vascular inflammation and metabolic alterations, strongly favour the onset and progression of a range of chronic diseases. -
Betanin, the Main Pigment of Red Beet
Betanin, the main pigment of red beet - molecular origin of its exceptionally high free radical scavenging activity Anna Gliszczyńska-Świglo, Henryk Szymusiak, Paulina Malinowska To cite this version: Anna Gliszczyńska-Świglo, Henryk Szymusiak, Paulina Malinowska. Betanin, the main pigment of red beet - molecular origin of its exceptionally high free radical scavenging activity. Food Additives and Contaminants, 2006, 23 (11), pp.1079-1087. 10.1080/02652030600986032. hal-00577387 HAL Id: hal-00577387 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00577387 Submitted on 17 Mar 2011 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Food Additives and Contaminants For Peer Review Only Betanin, the main pigment of red beet - molecular origin of its exceptionally high free radical scavenging activity Journal: Food Additives and Contaminants Manuscript ID: TFAC-2005-377.R1 Manuscript Type: Original Research Paper Date Submitted by the 20-Aug-2006 Author: Complete List of Authors: Gliszczyńska-Świgło, Anna; The Poznañ University of Economics, Faculty of Commodity Science