2019 Women in Tech Report research.hackerrank.com Intro
From the newest discoveries in medicine to the latest advances in renewable energy, software is touching every aspect of people’s lives across the globe. Given this, it’s vital that the creators of software are as diverse as the populations that will be affected by their work.
For anyone, especially talent leaders like myself, who is invested in building and empowering more diverse teams, HackerRank’s 2nd annual Women in Tech report is an invaluable resource.
After surveying more than 12,000 developers who identify as women, we’ve found eye-opening insights, particularly about Gen Z women (those born from 1997 onward). Our findings will help you better understand Gen Z women developers’ skillsets, motiva- tions, and job interests. Unlike other generations, Gen Z women are digital natives — because of this, their interests and values are different from those who came before them.
For years, we’ve only been discussing Millennials in the workplace but 2019 will be the first year where members of Gen Z will enter the job market en masse. It’s now time for us to focus on supporting the next generation of coders who will transform the world!
We’d love to hear your thoughts on the report and how you’re working to build and engage diverse teams. Feel free to tweet us @HackerRank or send us an email at [email protected].
Maria Chung VP of People HackerRank
[email protected] USA: India: UK: www.hackerrank.com +1-415-900-4023 +91-888-081-1222 +44-208-004-0258 Gen Z women learned Age women started coding
how to code and do
80% algebra at the same 69.77% 60% 55.71% time 40%
29.88% Gen Z women are coding at a younger age than generations before them — almost 1 out of 20% 3 Gen Z women learned to code before they were 16 years old, compared to 18% of women 17.59% 17.41% from previous generations.
0 0.31% 15 16 to 20 21 to 24 This can be explained by a rise in the number of educational opportunities that expose more women to coding at an increasingly younger age. Given the rising need for software engi- neers, schools have begun to offer coding as part of their curricula and the number of Women 21 years old and under (Gen Z) Women 22 years old and above organizations dedicated to teaching children to code after school or during the summers has grown. In fact, in the UK and Australia, the fundamentals of coding are now a mandatory part of school curriculums for students as young as 5 years old.
[email protected] USA: India: UK: www.hackerrank.com +1-415-900-4023 +91-888-081-1222 +44-208-004-0258 Language proficiencies hiring managers seek Speaking their language:
Gen Z Women know 2 of 3
80% languages employers want
60% 59.02% 45.39% 42.97%
40%
As Gen Z women prepare to enter the workforce, they have most of the technical skills that 24.10% 23.28% hiring managers look for: JavaScript, Java, and Python proficiency. While half of Gen Z 22.84%
20% 16.63% women know JavaScript, the majority of them know Java and Python. 9.84% 9.26% 8.05% 6.30% 4.75% 2.28% 1.50% 1.36% 1.07% 0.73% 0.39% 0
C# C Go R Java PHP C++ Perl Lua Swift Ruby Scala Stan Python Haskell Clojure Pascal JavaScript
[email protected] USA: India: UK: www.hackerrank.com +1-415-900-4023 +91-888-081-1222 +44-208-004-0258 Languages Gen Z women and men know
Gen Z women have similar proficiences in comparison to Gen Z men. Half of Gen Z men also don’t know JavaScript. There are slight differences: More Gen Z women know Java (72%) than Gen Z men (66%) and more Gen Z men (63%) know Python than Gen Z women (59%).
80% 80.32% 77.03% C and C++ also topped the list for women and men under 22 years old. This is likely because C 72.14% 70.81% 68.27%
and C++ are some of the first languages taught to students when they are introduced to coding. 65.80% 62.62%
60% 59.25% 51.12% 50.05%
40% 31.21% 30.44% 20.55%
20% 18.04% 13.04% 9.07% 7.17% 5.86% 5.68% 5.49% 4.86% 4.82% 4.26% 3.32% 3.25% 2.98% 2.92% 2.67% 2.41% 2.31% 1.72% 1.08% 0.94% 0.70% 0.62% 0 0.35%
C# C Go R Java PHP C++ Perl Lua Swift Ruby Scala Stan Python Haskell Clojure Pascal JavaScript
Women 21 years old and under Men 21 years old and under
[email protected] USA: India: UK: www.hackerrank.com +1-415-900-4023 +91-888-081-1222 +44-208-004-0258 And plan on quickly Languages Gen Z women will learn and languages closing the gap for they know languages not known
80% 80.32% 72.14% 70.81%
59% of hiring managers are looking for JavaScript proficiency. And while only 50% of 60% 59.25% 50.05% Gen Z women know it, 35% of remaining Gen Z women are planning to learn it this 41.70%
40% 39.43% 36.84%
year. 34.50% 34.15% 33.62% 33.34% 32.26% 31.21% 29.54% 29.61% 28.28% 27.54% 25.31% 24.96% 23.49% 21.18% 18.04% Currently, women in this generation also don’t meet hiring managers’ needs for C# 20% 17.44% 13.04% 9.65% 7.17% 5.49% and Go, but they are working hard to bridge that gap — 42% will be learning C# and 4.82% 3.32% 3.25% 2.41% 2.31% 1.08% 0.94% 0.70% 34% will be picking up Go this year. 0 C# R Go C Perl Lua C++ Ruby Swift PHP Scala Stan Java Python Haskell Clojure Pascal JavaScript
Languages will learn Languages they know
[email protected] USA: India: UK: www.hackerrank.com +1-415-900-4023 +91-888-081-1222 +44-208-004-0258 Gen Z women value What women developers look for in a job prestigious company 73.09% Professional growth learning 70.34%
Work-life balace 62.43% brands twice as much as (i.e. flexible schedules) 67.57%
42.22% Interesting problems to solve previous generations 32.29%
36.88% Company culture & values Developers of all ages and gender identities consider professional growth and learning to 41.91% be the most important aspect of a job. 16.74% Quality of manager and team 13.26% However, Gen Z women are twice as likely to seek out an employer with a prestigious 15.66% brand as women from previous generations: 14% of women who are 21 years old or Competitive compensation 25.91% younger think it’s important for their future employer to have a prestigious company brand while only 7% of women from previous generations feel the same way. This is likely 14.16% Prestigious company brand because as digital natives — 25% of them had smartphones before the age of 10 — they 6.70% have spent most of their lives surrounded by, and engaging with, prestigious digital 12.90% Workplace diversity brands like Apple, Snap, and Twitter. 9.91%
6.82% Preferred tech stack Gen Z women also prioritize competitive compensation differently previous generations 11.24% — 26% of the latter group consider compensation an important factor in a job while only 4.75% 16% of Gen Z consider it important. This can be explained by the fact that most Gen Z Vacation policies 3.32% women currently do not have the same financial obligations that their older counterparts 0 20% 40% 60% 80% do, and can thus move compensation lower on their list of priorities in favor of other factors like company prestige. This might change as more and more Gen Z women enter Women 21 years old and under (Gen Z) Women 22 years old and above the workforce and progress in their careers.
[email protected] USA: India: UK: www.hackerrank.com +1-415-900-4023 +91-888-081-1222 +44-208-004-0258 Lack of interview prep What turns Gen Z developers off from employers is one of the biggest 70.44% Not enough clarity on role or where I’ll be placed 67.26% turnoffs 46.54% Not enough prep for what to expect/process 44.92%
41.51% Lack of (or slow) follow up Like all developers, lack of clarity around open roles is the biggest deal-breaker 51.90% for Gen Z women and men when interviewing for internships and jobs. However, 41.51% Gen Z is new to the job market and has limited interviewing experience, which Not aligned with my culture or values 38.63% most likely explains why both Gen Z women (47%) and men (45%) are particular- 35.85% ly turned off by employers who don’t adequately prepare candidates for what to Negative press coverage 32.20% expect during the interview process. In fact, most new grads feel unprepared for 33.33% job interviews: 66% of university students say they don’t feel ready for Brainteasers or other irrelevant questions 38.09% interviews. 27.04% Not enough diversity on the panel 23.27%
0 20% 40% 60% 80%
Women 21 years old and below (Gen Z) Men 21 years old and below
[email protected] USA: India: UK: www.hackerrank.com +1-415-900-4023 +91-888-081-1222 +44-208-004-0258 Gen Z women are less Notably, for Gen Z women across all regions, Shanghai was a top choice for the next big global tech hub. Recently China been strongly focusing on turning Shanghai into a global center of innovation, which is most likely why many are starting to see the country as home to the next confident in Silicon big tech hub. In fact, China had more venture capital money invested in startups than the United States in 2018.
Valley’s future Asian-Pacific Gen Z women also believe that Bengaluru has a high chance of becoming the center of tech in 5 years. Bengaluru’s appeal is most likely due to the fact that the number of Silicon Valley was the #1 choice overall for the global center of tech in 5 years for women software developers in India is growing at such a rapid rate that the country is projected to have developers in all regions except Asia-Pacific. However, Gen Z women across all regions are the largest population of developers in the world by 2023. Bengaluru is also home to the largest less likely than previous generations to believe that Silicon Valley will remain the epicenter number of tech startups in India and third largest in the world. of tech. A declining interest in Silicon Valley is could be due to the rising cost of living, which is forcing entrepreneurs and company headquarters to relocate Where women think the global tech hub Where women think the global tech hub will be in 5 years (21 years old and under) will be in 5 years (22 years old and above)
50% 50%
40% 40% 38.97% 37.42% 35.88% 35.13% 32.98%
30% 30% 27.11% 25.60% 21.42% 21.28% 20% 20% 16.10% 14.71% 14.54% 14.22% 13.12% 12.94% 12.83% 11.70% 11.35% 10.64% 9.80% 9.68% 10% 10% 9.20% 8.24% 7.87% 7.89% 7.16% 7.07% 6.81% 6.71% 6.55% 6.38% 5.77% 5.61% 5.57% 5.03% 4.96% 4.92% 4.66% 4.66% 4.37% 4.39% 4.03% 3.82% 3.79% 3.58% 3.49% 3.38% 3.19% 2.84% 2.87% 2.39% 2.51% 2.39% 2.25% 1.91% 1.70%% 1.57% 1.42% 1.34% 0 0.29% 0
Silicon Valley engaluru New ork Shanghai eijing Seattle London Los Angeles Austin oston Silicon Valley engaluru New ork Shanghai eijing Seattle London Los Angeles Austin oston
Americas M A APAC Americas M A APAC
[email protected] USA: India: UK: www.hackerrank.com +1-415-900-4023 +91-888-081-1222 +44-208-004-0258 Methodology
A total of 12,211 developers who identified as women from over 100 countries took the online survey from November 5 to November 27, 2018. Survey takers who were 21 years old or younger are categorized as belonging to Gen Z in this report.
The survey was hosted by SurveyMonkey and HackerRank recruited respondents via email from their community of over 5 million members and through social media sites.
Tests of significant differences were conducted at the .01 level (99% probability that the difference is real, not by chance). Percentages may not always add to 100% due to rounding.
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