This Chapter Explains How the Telephone Instrument Was Invented and Developed and How Automation Began
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EE 122: Networks & Protocols Welcome Our New TA
EE 122: Networks & Protocols Ion Stoica (and Brighten Godfrey) TAs: Lucian Popa, David Zats and Ganesh Ananthanarayanan http://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~ee122/ (Materials with thanks to Vern Paxson, Jennifer Rexford, and colleagues at UC Berkeley) 1 Welcome our New TA Ganesh Ananthanarayanan E-mail: [email protected] Office hours: WF 11-12; location: TBA Discussion section: TBA 2 1 Goals for Today’s Class Type of Networks And the key concept of multiplexing What’s a Protocol ? 3 What Global (non-digital) Communication Network Do You Use Every Day? Roughly speaking, how does it work? 4 2 What’s Another Such Network That You Use Every Day? 5 Taxonomy of Communication Networks Communication networks can be classified based on the way in which the nodes exchange information: Communication Network 6 3 Taxonomy of Communication Networks Communication networks can be classified based on the way in which the nodes exchange information: Communication Network Broadcast Communication Network 7 Broadcast Communication Networks Information transmitted by any node is received by every other node in the network Examples? Usually in LANs ( Local Area Networks) E.g., Ethernet (classical), WiFi E.g., lecture! What problems does this raise? Problem #1: limited range Problem #2: privacy of communication Problem #3: coordinating access to the shared communication medium ( Multiple Access Problem ) 8 4 Taxonomy of Communication Networks Communication networks can be classified based on the way in which the nodes exchange information: -
Historical Perspectives of Development of Antique Analog Telephone Systems Vinayak L
Review Historical Perspectives of Development of Antique Analog Telephone Systems Vinayak L. Patil Trinity College of Engineering and Research, University of Pune, Pune, India Abstract—Long distance voice communication has been al- ways of great interest to human beings. His untiring efforts and intuition from many years together was responsible for making it to happen to a such advanced stage today. This pa- per describes the development time line of antique telephone systems, which starts from the year 1854 and begins with the very early effort of Antonio Meucci and Alexander Graham magnet core Bell and ends up to the telephone systems just before digiti- Wire 1Coil with permanent Wire 2 zation of entire telecommunication systems. The progress of development of entire antique telephone systems is highlighted in this paper. The coverage is limited to only analog voice communication in a narrow band related to human voice. Diaphragm Keywords—antique telephones, common battery systems, cross- bar switches, PSTN, voice band communication, voice commu- nication, strowger switches. Fig. 1. The details of Meucci’s telephone. 1. Initial Claims and Inventions Since centuries, telecommunications have been of great cally. Due to this idea, many of the scientific community interest to the human beings. One of the dignified per- consider him as one of the inventors of telephone [10]. sonality in the field of telecommunication was Antonio Boursuel used term “make and break” telephone in his Meucci [1]–[7] (born in 1808) who worked relentlessly for work. In 1850, Philip Reis [11]–[13] began work on tele- communication to distant person throughout his life and in- phone. -
The Panel Dial Telephone Switching System Douglas A. Kerr Issue 6 June 15, 2018
The panel dial telephone switching system Douglas A. Kerr Issue 6 June 15, 2018 ABSTRACT In the 1910s, AT&T, the parent of the Bell Telephone System, anxious to reduce the stupendous labor costs of manual telephone switching (especially in large metropolitan areas), and realizing that the most prominent available switching system (the Strowger system) had serious limitations of its use in such areas, undertook the development from the ground up of a switching system based on many entirely new concepts. This system, the panel dial switching system, came to be the mainstay of the Bell System’s program of mechanizing telephone service in many of the largest cities in the U.S. In this article, we will learn of the evolution of this system, of the unique mechanisms around which it revolves, and of the implications of its basic operational principle, known as common control. Considerable detail in system operation is given, although not usually at the circuit level, except where necessary to illustrate an important concept. 1 HISTORICAL CONTEXT 1.1 The telephone industry in 1910 By 1910, the telephone industry in the United States was well on the way to its “classical” structure, which existed until about 1984. The Bell Telephone System, owned by American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T), was becoming the major force in the industry, and provided local telephone service in most of the nation’s largest cities (often after acquiring existing locally-owned telephone companies, sometime several competing ones in the same city, whose operations had to be harmonized and consolidated). In about 1907, AT&T adopted the slogan, “One Policy, One System, Universal Service”. -
Sangamo Data
TCI Library www.telephonecollectors.info INSTALLATION AND OPERATION MANUAL RIXON-SANGAMO TlOlCSC SERIES DATA SET SYSTEM Rixon, Inc. A Subsidiary of Sangamo 2120 Industrial Parkway Silver Spring, Maryland 20904 BULLETIN 5367 ISSUE 1 Part No. 693729 November, 1 972 TCI Library www.telephonecollectors.info '-- -- TCI Library www.telephonecollectors.info ISS. 1, BULLETIN 5367 INTRODUCTION This manual contains the information series. A list of equipment necessary to install and operate the various specifications is also included. T101 CSC Data Set Systems, manufactured by Sangamo Electric Company, in conjunction with 2-0 INSTALLATION AND the teletypewriter and data access arrangement CONNECTION - Supplies detailed ( DAA). Instructions are also provided for procedures for unpacking, installing, teletypewriter modification. For maintenance and connecting the different data set and troubleshooting assistance, contact the systems. Also provides teletypewriter Communication Systems Data Service Center, modification procedures. Sangamo Electric Company, Springfield, Illinois. The information provided by this manual is 3-0 OPERATION - Describes the grouped into four sections. A brief description complete procedures for operating the of each section is provided below: different data set systems with the various teletypewriters. 1-0 GENERAL DESCRIPTION - 4-0 DRAWINGS AND DIAGRAMS Provides general information about Furnishes the connection diagrams for data set and auxiliary equipment. each data set system when connected Describes the various applications -
Tone Commander RT-3600 Tone-Rotary Dial Intercom
TONE COMMANDER SYSTEMS, INC. 4320 l'Oth Ave. N.E., Redmond, WA 980'2, U.s.A Telephone: (206) 883-3600, Telex: 32-8055 RT-3600 KEY TELEPHONE UNIT TONE AND ROTARY DIAL INTERCOM TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION Document #13-100444 REV. E April 1981 CONTENTS 1. GENERAL INFORMAnON 2. PRODUCT IDENTIFICAnON 3. INSTALLAnON 4. OPERATING INSTRUCnONS ,. SERVICE INFORMAnON 1. GENERAL INFORMATION , Description of Product Fig. 1 - RT-3600 Key Telephone Unit 1.01 The RT-3600 is a thirty-six code selective signaling unit. It provides • This unit must be installed by telephone common talk path intercom service for most company personnel or agents authorized Key Telephone Systems that use rotary, tone under Part 68 of FCC Rules and or mixed dialing. Regulations. Manual Changes • This unit must not be installed on coin operated or party line telephones. 1.02 This document is reissued to change the warranty date from 18 months to 36 • If this unit malfunctions, the telephone months. company may· disconnect service temporarily. If disconnection is Federal Communications Commission necessary, the telephone company must (FCC) Regulations attempt to notify the user in advance, 1.03 To comply with FCC regulations, the if possible. If not, they must notify the following requirements must be met: user as soon as they are able. • Upon installation, the FCC registration • Repair work on this unit must be done number of this unit must be reported to by TeS. the telephone company. Page 1 of 6 DOCUMENT 1113-100444 REV. E RT-3600 KEY TELEPHONE UNIT 2. PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION _ 2.05 Tone Decoder Features -- Application • Digital decoding process offers superior tone decoding. -
Wiretapping Smart Phones with Rotary–Dial Phones'
Wiretapping Smart Phones With Rotary–Dial Phones’ Law: How Canada’s Wiretap Law is in Desperate Need of Updating ANNE TURNER * “The task of adapting laws that were a product of the 1970s to a world of smartphones and social networks is a challenging and profoundly important one.” Justice Moldaver, R. v. Telus Communications Co. I. INTRODUCTION hen Canada’s wiretap law was enacted in 1974, the standard method of communication was a rotary dial phone, attached to W the wall within someone’s home. Phones the size of credit cards that would be carried in someone’s pocket everywhere they went, and that would contain information about someone’s entire life were the topic of science fiction. Computers were the size of entire houses and the notion that soon everyone would have at least one computer in their home by which they would be able to send messages to friends around the world and search for reams of information on any topic imaginable was beyond the average person’s wildest dreams. As a result, Canada’s wiretap law contemplated the electronic eavesdropping on one suspect’s land-line at their home or office to others using the same technology. While that was * LL.B. (2002), LL.M (2016). The views expressed in this paper are the author’s alone and do not represent the views or positions of the Public Prosecution Service of Canada or the Government of Canada. Portions of this paper were originally submitted as my Major Research Paper for my LL.M. at Osgoode. I would like to thank my husband, Paul Cooper, and family for their support while completing my LL.M as well as my colleagues at the Winnipeg PPSC office. -
Searchable PDF Index
TELEPHONE COLLECTORS INTERNATIONAL Telephone Collectors International is an organization of telephone collectors, hobbyists and historians who are helping to preserve the history of the telecommunications industry through the collection of telephones and telephone related material. Our collections represent all aspects of the industry; from the very first wooden prototypes that started the industry to the technological marvels that made the automatic telephone exchange possible. If any of this interests you, we invite you to join our organization. Look around and see what we have to offer. Thanks for stopping by! Telephone Collectors International website including become a member: http://www.telephonecollectors.org/ Questions or comments about TCI? Send e-mail to [email protected] ********************************************************************************* Books Recommended by the editors: Available now ... Old-Time Telephones! Design, History, and Restoration by Ralph O. Meyer ... 264pp Soft Cover 2nd Edition, Expanded and Revised ... A Schiffer Book with Price Guide for Collectors Available at Phoneco.com or Schiffer Publishing, Ltd., 4880 Lower Valley Rd, Atglen, PA 19310 e-mail: [email protected] ********************************************************************************** Coming Soon: TELEPHONE Dials and Pushbuttons Their History, Development and Usage by Stanley Swihart ... 2 volumes, 300 pp ea. Box 2818, Dublin, CA., 94568-0818. Phone 1 (925)-829-2728, e-mail [email protected] ********************************************************************************* -
DTMF Modem with Tone Generation and Detection Using Goertzel Algorithm with MATLAB
CH. Sreeja Reddy et al, International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, Vol.6 Issue.4, April- 2017, pg. 78-89 Available Online at www.ijcsmc.com International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing A Monthly Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology ISSN 2320–088X IMPACT FACTOR: 6.017 IJCSMC, Vol. 6, Issue. 4, April 2017, pg.78 – 89 DTMF Modem with Tone Generation and Detection Using Goertzel Algorithm with MATLAB CH. Sreeja Reddy1, S.Durga Bhavani2, M.Bhavani Marati3, C.Divyani4, NAGARJUNA.T5 # CMR TECHNICAL CAMPUS, CMRGI EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY, MEDCHAL, TELANGANA -501 401 1 B.Tech Student (ECE), CMR Technical Campus, Medchal Dist-501 401, India 2B.Tech Student (ECE), CMR Technical Campus, Medchal Dist-501 401, India 3B.Tech Student (ECE), CMR Technical Campus, Medchal Dist-501 401, India 4B.Tech Student (ECE), CMR Technical Campus, Medchal Dist-501 401, India 5 Assistant Professor (M.Tech), CMR Technical Campus, Medchal Dist-501 401, India e-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract - Dual-tone multi-frequency (DTMF) signalling is a standard in telecommunication systems. This is a standard where keystrokes from the telephone keypad are translated into dual tone signals over the audio link. It has been gaining popularity for some years now because of its numerous advantages over the traditional telephone signalling scheme. In this project DTMF tone generation and the detection can be done with the help of MATLAB. The Goertzel algorithm implementation examines the energy of one of the two tones from an incoming signal at 8 DTMF frequencies to determine which DTMF frequency is present. -
Ode to Charles: Friend, Neighbor
November 24, 2020 The Our 27th Year of Publishing FREE (979) 849-5407 PLEASE Weekly © 2020 Bulletin mybulletinnewspaper.com TAKE ONE LAKE JACKSON • CLUTE • RICHWOOD • FREEPORT • OYSTER CREEK • JONES CREEK • ANGLETON • DANBURY • ALVIN • WEST COLUMBIA • BRAZORIA • SWEENY Ode to Charles: Is it COVID or friend, neighbor just the crud? By Edward A. Forbes By John Toth The Bulletin The Bulletin Thanks for the memories, Charles I woke up in the middle of the and Linda Miller. night, freezing. The thermostat read They were dear friends. During 78 degrees. Why was I shaking? a difficult time in my life, they were My joints were hurting. I jumped friends to me and my children. I into a nice, warm shower and took couldn’t have loved them more. two Advil. Home duties permitting, I always Did I catch COVID? That’s the stopped at the Millers on my way first thought that ran through my home. mind. Charles sat outside his home, I wear a mask in public, stay away or later, in the screened sun room from crowds, wash my hands, use added to their home. Charles and hand sanitizer and do everything I each had a beer - Miller Lite, of course, and he would smoke a ciga- rette. I had quit smoking in 1991 and Ramblings (Continued on Page 12) else I am supposed to. But I felt like crud, and the pandemic was the first thing I thought of. Leon Hale asked I didn’t have all the COVID symp- toms. But with this pandemic, you never know. Anything is possible. -
Historical Timeline of Canadian Telecommunications Achievements
Historical Timeline of Canadian Telecommunications Achievements July 26, 1874 Alexander Graham Bell discloses idea for a telephone to his father in Brantford, Ontario. 1880 Bell Canada is incorporated. February 1, 1881 Bell Canada installs its first public telephone in Lancefield’s Stationery Store, in Hamilton, Ontario. The telephone is not equipped with a coin collector and customers pay the storekeeper. June 11, 1881 Bell Canada successfully places the world's first international submarine telephone cable between Windsor, Ontario and Detroit, Michigan (US). 1885 Alberta's first telephone call, between Fort Edmonton and the St. Albert mission. August 10, 1876 Alexander Graham Bell's Double Pole Membrane Transmitter and Iron Box Receiver are used to transmit and receive the world's first one-way long distance telephone call from Brantford to Paris, Ontario. 1887 The first long distance call, between Edmonton and Battleford, Saskatchewan. December 7, 1895 The Northern Electric & Manufacturing Co., now Nortel Networks, is organized, as a spin-off of the Bell Mechanical Department. April 13, 1900 A common battery service is introduced in Bell Canada’s territory in Ottawa, Ontario. Instead of turning a crank on the telephone to signal the operator, the customer merely picks up the receiver. The batteries are removed from the customers’ premises to the central office. They are still there today, maintaining telephone service even during a power failure. 1903 Bell Canada becomes subject to the Railway Act of 1903 and changes to rates for telephone service must now be approved by the Board of Railway Commissioners for Canada. 1904 The City of Edmonton purchased the Edmonton District Telephone Company. -
A Brief History of the Internet 1848 the Electric Telegraph
12/15/13 It is anticipated that the whole of the populous parts of the United States will, within two or three years, be covered with net-work like a spider's web. A Brief History of the Internet Hari Balakrishnan <[email protected]> When was this sentence written? 6.02 Fall 2013 Lecture #24 Several pictures taken from Wikipedia 6.02 Fall 2013 – Guest Lecture Lecture 24, Slide #1 6.02 Fall 2013 – Guest Lecture Lecture 24, Slide #2 1848 The Electric Telegraph • Cooke and Wheatstone, Railroad Telegraph, 1837 About the electric telegraph In The London Anecdotes, 1848 As quoted in Tom Standage, The Victorian Internet • First pickpocket arrest: 1844 • First murder arrest: 1845 6.02 Fall 2013 – Guest Lecture Lecture 24, Slide #3 6.02 Fall 2013 – Guest Lecture Lecture 24, Slide #4 1 12/15/13 The Morse-Vail Telegraph “The Victorian Internet” 1836: Morse design Vail: powerful electromagnets Morse Code (1835-1837) • By Morse & Vail 1891 • 1838: demo’d over 2 miles • 1844: US-sponsored demo between Baltimore and Washington DC America’s first telegram (1844) 6.02 Fall 2013 – Guest Lecture Lecture 24, Slide #5 6.02 Fall 2013 – Guest Lecture Lecture 24, Slide #6 Dots and Dashes Span The Globe Wireless to the Rescue! • Communications arms race in the Imperial James Clerk Maxwell (1831-1879) Age "... we have strong reason to conclude that light itself -- including radiant heat, and other – No nation could trust its messages to a foreign radiations if any -- is an electromagnetic power disturbance in the form of waves propagated – 1893: British-owned Eastern Telegraph Company through the electromagnetic field according to electromagnetic laws." Dynamical Theory of the and the French crisis in Southeast Asia Electromagnetic Field, 1864. -
Historical Perspectives of Development of Antique Analog Telephone Systems Vinayak L
Review Historical Perspectives of Development of Antique Analog Telephone Systems Vinayak L. Patil Trinity College of Engineering and Research, University of Pune, Pune, India Abstract—Long distance voice communication has been al- ways of great interest to human beings. His untiring efforts and intuition from many years together was responsible for making it to happen to a such advanced stage today. This pa- per describes the development time line of antique telephone systems, which starts from the year 1854 and begins with the very early effort of Antonio Meucci and Alexander Graham magnet core Bell and ends up to the telephone systems just before digiti- Wire 1Coil with permanent Wire 2 zation of entire telecommunication systems. The progress of development of entire antique telephone systems is highlighted in this paper. The coverage is limited to only analog voice communication in a narrow band related to human voice. Diaphragm Keywords—antique telephones, common battery systems, cross- bar switches, PSTN, voice band communication, voice commu- nication, strowger switches. Fig. 1. The details of Meucci’s telephone. 1. Initial Claims and Inventions Since centuries, telecommunications have been of great cally. Due to this idea, many of the scientific community interest to the human beings. One of the dignified per- consider him as one of the inventors of telephone [10]. sonality in the field of telecommunication was Antonio Boursuel used term “make and break” telephone in his Meucci [1]–[7] (born in 1808) who worked relentlessly for work. In 1850, Philip Reis [11]–[13] began work on tele- communication to distant person throughout his life and in- phone.