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BOAT CREW HANDBOOK – First Aid

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BOAT CREW HANDBOOK – First Aid BOAT CREW HANDBOOK – First Aid Relief Party Sighted Whaling Vessels Revenue Cutter Bear The Overland Expedition 2d LT Bertholf; Dr. Call; 1st LT Jarvis BCH 16114.5 December 2017 The Overland Expedition In 1897 an early Arctic winter stranded 300 whalers in eight ships stuck in ice without supplies north of the Arctic Circle at Point Barrow. The men faced starvation. President McKinley instructed the Treasury Department to entrust a rescue attempt to the Revenue Cutter Service. An urgent letter, dated November 15, 1897, from the Secretary of the Treasury to Captain Francis Tuttle, skipper of the BEAR, outlined the emergency. Sending a ship into the Arctic in winter conditions was unheard of, but the BEAR was a “sailing battering ram” (Kroll), made of thick oak planks and iron. It was provisioned with one year’s rations for the crew plus 12,000 rations for the whalers. In three short weeks the BEAR sailed out of Seattle headed north. Arctic ice would stop the cutter near Nome at Cape Vancouver. Reindeer herds had to be driven 1600 miles by dogsled in the Arctic winter to feed the starving whalers, who were suffering from scurvy. In command of the BEAR was the brilliant, soft-spoken First Lieutenant David H. Jarvis. Second Lieutenant E. P. “Bully” Bertholf, later Commandant of the Coast Guard, was named as assistant to Jarvis. The third member of the BEAR’s landing party was Dr. Samuel J. Call, an experienced ship’s physician. During the next hundred days Jarvis, Bertholf and Call endured Arctic temperatures of -40 F by day. They relied on native guides and villages to replenish their dogs and herd reindeer. On March 26, 1898, a beautiful clear day, the relief party sighted the most westerly of the icebound whaling vessels. On the 29th Jarvis and Call arrived at Point Barrow, followed by 400 reindeer. Dr. Call handled scurvy, frostbite and amputations. Bertholf remained at Point Hope until the ice melted and the BEAR could reach the whalers. He enforced the law in the area, destroying stills and investigating crimes. When the cutter BEAR broke through to Point Barrow on July 28, Captain Tuttle was greatly relieved to find that the Overland Expedition had been a glorious success and that all but a few of the whaling men had survived. Laden with survivors, the BEAR arrived at Seattle on September 13, 1898, almost ten months after its feverish departure the previous December. Jarvis, Bertholf, and Call were recommended by President McKinley for decoration. Gold medals voted by Congress were presented to them in 1902 with expressions of thanks. https://www.uscg.mil/history/articles/johnson_overland_expedition.asp Douglas Kroll, Commodore Ellsworth Bertholf (Naval Institute Press, 2002) United States Treasury Department. Report of the Cruise of the U.S. Revenue Cutter Bear and the Overland Expedition for the Relief of the Whalers in the Arctic Ocean, from Nov 27, 1897 to Sep 13, 1898. Washington: GPO, 1899. (Primary source of information; by participants of the expedition. Contains Jarvis' journal entries.) Commandant US Coast Guard Stop 7324 United States Coast Guard 2703 Martin Luther King Jr Ave SE Washington DC 20593-7324 Staff Symbol: CG-731 Phone: (202) 372-2515 BCH 16114.5 DEC 13, 2017 BOAT CREW HANDBOOK – FIRST AID – BCH16114.5 Subj: BOAT CREW HANDBOOK – FIRST AID Ref: a. Coast Guard Medical Manual, COMDTINST M6000.1 (Series) 1. PURPOSE. This Handbook describes accepted first aid practices that, along with practical training in their performance, will aid boat crews in delivering effective medical care that preserves life, prevents a victim's condition from worsening, and promotes their speedy recovery. The major topic within this handbook is basic First Aid. 2. DIRECTIVES AFFECTED. The Boat Crew Seamanship Manual, COMDTINST M16114.5C, is canceled. 3. DISCUSSION. This Handbook provides guidance on the application of first aid in maritime environments and situations. 4. MAJOR CHANGES. First issue. 5. DISCLAIMER. This guidance is not a substitute for applicable legal requirements, nor is it itself a rule. It is intended to provide operational guidance for Coast Guard personnel and is not intended to nor does it impose legally-binding requirements on any party outside the Coast Guard. 6. IMPACT ASSESSMENT. No impact assessment warranted. BCH 16114.5 7. ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECT AND IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS. a. The development of this Handbook and the general guidance contained within it have been thoroughly reviewed by the originating office in conjunction with the Office of Environmental Management, and are categorically excluded (CE) under current USCG CE #33 from further environmental analysis, in accordance with Section 2.B.2. and Figure 2-1 of the National Environmental Policy Act Implementing Procedures and Policy for Considering Environmental Impacts, COMDTINST M16475.1 (series). Because this Handbook contains guidance documents that implement, without substantive change, the applicable Commandant Instruction and other guidance documents, Coast Guard categorical exclusion #33 is appropriate. b. This Handbook will not have any of the following: significant cumulative impacts on the human environment; substantial controversy or substantial change to existing environmental conditions; or inconsistencies with any Federal, State, or local laws or administrative determinations relating to the environment. All future specific actions resulting from the general guidance in this Handbook shall be individually evaluated for compliance with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and Coast Guard NEPA policy, and compliance with all other environmental mandates. 7. DISTRIBUTION. No paper distribution will be made of this Handbook. An electronic version will be located on the Office of Boat Forces (CG-731) Portal site: https://cg.portal.uscg.mil/units/cg731/SitePages/Manuals.aspx. 8. FORMS/ REPORTS. None 9. REQUESTS FOR CHANGES. To recommend edits and changes to this Handbook, please submit a formal request at the following link: https://cg.portal.uscg.mil/communities/bfco/doctrine/SitePages/Home.aspx. Digitally signed by RUSH.JAMES.B.1109192003 RUSH.JAMES.B.1 DN: c=US, o=U.S. Government, ou=DoD, ou=PKI, ou=USCG, cn=RUSH.JAMES.B.1109192003 109192003 Date: 2017.12.13 14:07:34 -05'00' J. BRIAN RUSH U.S. Coast Guard Chief, Office of Boat Forces 2 Boat Crew Handbook – First Aid Table of Contents CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................. 1-1 SECTION A. PURPOSE OF THIS HANDBOOK ............................................................................................................... 1-1 SECTION B. HOW TO USE THIS HANDBOOK .............................................................................................................. 1-2 CHAPTER 2 FIRST AID ...................................................................................................................................... 2-1 SECTION A. CREWMEMBERS’ ROLES ....................................................................................................................... 2-2 A.1. Responsibilities .......................................................................................................................................................... 2-2 A.2. Handling and Transporting of Injured ....................................................................................................................... 2-4 SECTION B. MOTION SICKNESS .............................................................................................................................. 2-6 B.1. Causes of Motion Sickness......................................................................................................................................... 2-6 B.2. Symptoms .................................................................................................................................................................. 2-6 B.3. Risk Management ...................................................................................................................................................... 2-7 B.4. Prescription Medication Restrictions......................................................................................................................... 2-7 SECTION C. TREATMENT FOR SHOCK ....................................................................................................................... 2-8 Shock .................................................................................................................................................................. 2-8 C.1. Description ................................................................................................................................................................ 2-8 C.2. Causes ........................................................................................................................................................................ 2-8 C.3. Symptoms vs. Signs .................................................................................................................................................... 2-9 C.4. Shock Symptoms ........................................................................................................................................................ 2-9 C.5. Shock Signs ...............................................................................................................................................................
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