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SUBJECT INDEX GENERAL hourglass perforation DATING human evolution Aceramic Neolithic hiiyiik AD,ad acculturation industrial archaeology amino-acid racemization amphora industry BC,bc antefix Kerbschnitt bone dating ard kitchen midden BP, bp arrow straightener Leptolithic Bristlecone pine assemblage megalith chronology association menhir collagen astronomy Mesolithic contamination barrow Neolithic cross-dating battle-axe neoteny dating baulk New Archaeology dendrochronology berm Palaeolithic fission track dating Bronze Age palstave fluorine dating calendar, calendrics passage grave half-life capstone pebble tool hard water effect carination pilaster isotoptic fractionation celt pintadera isotopic replacement Chalcolithic place names nitrogen dating chamber tomb portal dolmen obsidan hydration dating chevaux de frise porthole slab palaeomagnetism cist pot boilers potassium-argon dating Copper Age quem radiocarbon dating corbel rampart radiometric dating counterscrap bank rock-cut tomb sequence dating culture sacrifice seriation Cyclopean masonry sati stratigraphy demography segmented cist tephrochronology diffusion, diffusionist septal slab terminus ante-quem, terminus distribution shaft grave post-quem dolmen situla thermoluminescence double axe Stone Age uranium series dating dromos stone circle dyke tell entrance grave tepe ethnoarchaeology Three Age System MATERIALS evolution tore experimental archaeology tradition amber false entrance transepted gallery grave antler fire trepanning arsenic firedog trilithon bone fishing underwater archaeology brick gallery grave urn bronze halberd vase support ceramic hillfort wristguard chalcedony hoard writing charcoal horizon yoke chert 571 572 Subject Index copper forging GEOLOGY daub geometric fabric gold Allered interstadial faience granulat ion Amersfoort interstadial flint ingot Anglian glass iron B011ing interstadial glaze lead boulder clay gold metal breccia greenstone metallurgy Brerup interstadial gypsum microburin cave earth hom microlith Chelford interstadial iron midrib coombe rock ivory mould Cromerian jade patina deep sea cores jadeite pebble tool Denekamp interstadial jet pressure flaking Devensian lapis lazuli repousse drift lead retouch Eemian malachite rivet eustatic metal scraper Flandrian mud-brick silver geochronology nephrite smelting geology obsidian striking platform glacial ochre tuyere Giinz pise Glinz /Mindel pottery head sarsen ANALYSIS Hengelo interstadial serpentine Holocene shell atomic absorption Holstein silver spectrometry Hoxnian steatite chemical analysis ice wedge stone heavy mineral analysis Illinoian terracotta metallographic examination interglacial textile metallurgical analysis interstadial tin neutron activation analysis involution tumbaga optical emission spectrometry Ipswichian turquoi se particle size analysis isostasy wattle petrological analysis Loch Lomond stadial sample loess thin section Mindel trace elements Mindel/Riss TECHNOLOGY x-ray fluorescence Moershoofd interstadial spectrometry moraine alloy Odderade interstadial blade Older Dryas bloom palaeosol bronze GENERAL periglacial bulb of percussion ENVIRONMENTAL pingo burin Pleistocene burnish bog proglacial casting coprolite Quaternary chasing domestication Riss eire perdue ecology Riss/Wiirm cold working environmental archaeology Saale copper environmental indicators Sangamon core fen sea level crucible flotation stadial enamel froth flotation Tertiary fabricator peat till filigree sieving Upton Warren flake site catchment analysis interstadial Subject Index 573 Valders Advance betel nut onager varves breadfruit osteology Weichselian cacao osteometric Windermere interstadial carbonization otoliths Wisconsin charred ovicaprids Wolstonian coconut palaeopathology Wiirm cotton pig Yarmouth grain impression s rhinoceros Younger Dryas gourd sexing maize sheep millet skeleton SOILS oats skull measurement palaeobotany small mammal bones Brown Forest soil palaeoethnobotany snails buried soils phytoliths trepanning colluvial potato urial earthworm sorting rice wolf eluvial horizon rye gleying sago horizon seeds SITE TECHNOLOGY humus sugar cane iIIuvial horizon sweet potato aerial photography Iynchet wheat auger peat wood baulk pedology yams bleeper phosphate surveying bosing ploughmarks crop marks podzol ANIMALS AND dowsing profile ANIMAL REMAINS electromagnetic surveying recurrence surface frost marks rendzina ageing of skeletal material geophysics soil antlers grid sol lessive ass level turf line aurochs magnetic surveying bear magnetometer beetles megger POLLEN ANALYSIS bird bones metal detector bison optical square absolute pollen counting bones photogrammetry Atlantic bone measurement resistivity meter Boreal brachycephalic resistivity surveying elm decline camel section landnam caprovines shadow marks palynology cattle soil conductivity meter pollen analysis cephalic index soil marks pollen diagram coleoptera sondage pollen zones demography Spondy/us gaederopus Pre-Boreal dog surveying proportional pollen counting dolichocephalic theodolite Sub-Atlantic donkey triangulation Sub-Boreal elephant fish bones goat SEDIMENTS AND PLANT horn cores STRATIGRAPHY MACROFOSSILS horse hyaena clay African food production lion ditch aroids llama earth banana mammoth layer barley molluscs level bean mouflon loam 574 Subject Index Munsell colour chart Aurignacian Emiran occupation layer Australopithecus eolith particle size analysis Azilian Epi-Palaeolithic pit Bacho Kiro Erd posthole Baile Herculane Ertebelle sand Bakers Hole evolution section Baradostian Fauresmith sediments baton de commandement Federrnesser silt bear fire stake hole Bilzingsleben fishing stratigraphy Birsmatten flake texture Bir Terfawi Florisbad tip-line bison Font de Gaume blade Fontechevade Boomplaas Foumeau du Diable COMPUTING AND Brassempouy Fukui STATISTICS Bmo Gabillou Broken Hill Gagerino cluster analysis Bruniquel Gamble's Cave computers Buret' Ghar-i Khar correlation burin Gibraltar database management system Burrill Lake rock shelter Gravettian discriminant analysis Cabenge Green Gully distribution Cambodia Grimaldi mean Castanet Giinz model cave art Giinz/Mindel multidimensional scaling cave dwelling Hadar multivariate analysis Cave of Hearths Halfan principal components Charaman Hamburgian sample Charenti an hand axe seriation Chatelperron harpoon simulation Cheddar (I) Hargeisan spatial analysis Chellean Haua Fteah standard deviation Chesowanja High Lodge statistics chipping floor Hoedic variable chopper, chopping tool Homo erectus Ciumesti Homo habi/is Clactonian horsehoof cores cleaver Horsham PALAEOLITHIC Combe Grenal Hoshino AND MESOLITHIC core Howiesonspoort (OLD WORLD) Cotte de St Brelade Hoxne coup de poing Hoxnian Abbeville, Abbevillian Covalanas human evolution Abri Pataud Creswell hunting Acheulian Cromagnon hyaena Addaura Crvena Stijena Ileret Ahrensburg, Ahrensburgian CUZQul lsimila Ain Hanech Dabban Istallosko Alpera Dar es Soltan lsturitz Altamira Devensian Iwajuku Ambrona Devils Lair Jabrud Amud, Amudian Dolni Vestonice Java man Angles-sur-l'Anglin Dos Aguas Jebel Ighoud Anglian Douar Doum Kalambo Falls Anyath ian Dundo Kalemba Aq Kupruk Ebbsfleet Kamikuroiwa Arcy-sur-Cure Ehringsdorf Kanam Asprochalico Elandsfontein Kandanda Aterian elephant Kanjera Atlitian EI Guettar Kapovo Subject Index 575 Kartan culture microburin reindeer Keilor microlith retouch Kenniff Cave Miriwun rhinoceros Kent's Cavern mobiliary art Robberg Khor Musa Mojokerto Roc de Sers Kiik Koba Molodova Romanelli Klasies River Mouth Montagu Cave Roonka Kokkinopilos Monte Circeo Rouffignac KomOmbo Montespan Saccopastore Koobi Fora Moshebi's Shelter Salzgitter-Lebenstedt Koonalda Mount Carmel Sambungmacan Kostenki Mount Do Sangiran KowSwamp Mousterian Sangoan Krems Mousterian industries of North Sarnate Kunda culture Africa Sauveterrian Kyrrilovska Munyama Cave Schela La Chapelle Mwaganda scraper Laetoli Nachikufan Shanidar La Ferrassie Narva Shirataki Laga Oda Nasera Sidi Abd er Rahman Lake Arumpo Nderit Drift Smithfield Lake Mungo Neanderthal Soan River Lalinde neoteny Solutrian La Madeleine Ngandong Son Vi La Micoque Niaux Soroki Lancefield Noailles Sozudai La Quina Nombe Spanish Levant art Larnian Oakhurst Spy Lascaux Obanian Star Carr Laugerie Oenpelli Shelters Staroselje Laussel Ofnet Steinheim Leang Burung Oldbury Stellmoor Lehringen Oldowan Sterkfontein Le Lazaret Olduvai Gorge Stillbay Le Moustier Olorgesailie striking platform Leopard's Hill Omo Sungir Leptolithic Orangia Suzuki Les Combarelles Pacitanian Swanscombe Les Eyzies Padina Swartkrans Levallois Paglicci Swiderian Levalloiso- Mousterian Pair-non-Pair Szeletian Levanzo Palegawra Taforalt lion Parpallo Talgai cranium Lothagam Paviland Tardenoisian Luangwa variant Pavlov Tardiguet Lukenya Hill pebble tool Tasmania Lupemban Pech de l'Aze Taung Lyngby Pekin Man Tautave1 Magdalenian Peninj Tayacian Maglemosean Perigordian Temifine Makapan Petersfels Terra Amata Mal'ta Petralona Teshik Tash mammoth Pietersburg Teviec Markleeberg Piltdown Teyjat Matupi Pincevent Thatcham Mauer Pomongwe Tingkayau Mauern Pontnewydd Torralba Meganthropus Predrnost Torre in Pietra Meiendorf pressure flaking Trinil Melka Kontoure Qadan Tshangula Mezin Quinzano Tshitolian 576 Subject Index Tuc d'Audoubert Benin Gombe Point Ubeidiyah Bigo gourd Uluzzo Bir Terfawi Great Zimbabwe Ushki Boomplaas Guinea Neolithic Vallonet Bosumpra Gumanye Venosa Bouar Gwisho venus figurine s Broederstroom Hadar Verte sszollos Broken Hill Hafun Victoria Falls Buhen Halfan V1asac Cairo Hargeisan Vogelherd calendar
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  • The Significance of the Ancient Standing Stones, Villages, Tombs on Orkney Island

    The Significance of the Ancient Standing Stones, Villages, Tombs on Orkney Island

    The Proceedings of the International Conference on Creationism Volume 5 Print Reference: Pages 561-572 Article 43 2003 The Significance of the Ancient Standing Stones, Villages, Tombs on Orkney Island Lawson L. Schroeder Philip L. Schroeder Bryan College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/icc_proceedings DigitalCommons@Cedarville provides a publication platform for fully open access journals, which means that all articles are available on the Internet to all users immediately upon publication. However, the opinions and sentiments expressed by the authors of articles published in our journals do not necessarily indicate the endorsement or reflect the views of DigitalCommons@Cedarville, the Centennial Library, or Cedarville University and its employees. The authors are solely responsible for the content of their work. Please address questions to [email protected]. Browse the contents of this volume of The Proceedings of the International Conference on Creationism. Recommended Citation Schroeder, Lawson L. and Schroeder, Philip L. (2003) "The Significance of the Ancient Standing Stones, Villages, Tombs on Orkney Island," The Proceedings of the International Conference on Creationism: Vol. 5 , Article 43. Available at: https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/icc_proceedings/vol5/iss1/43 THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE ANCIENT STANDING STONES, VILLAGES AND TOMBS FOUND ON THE ORKNEY ISLANDS LAWSON L. SCHROEDER, D.D.S. PHILIP L. SCHROEDER 5889 MILLSTONE RUN BRYAN COLLEGE STONE MOUNTAIN, GA 30087 P. O. BOX 7484 DAYTON, TN 37321-7000 KEYWORDS: Orkney Islands, ancient stone structures, Skara Brae, Maes Howe, broch, Ring of Brodgar, Standing Stones of Stenness, dispersion, Babel, famine, Ice Age ABSTRACT The Orkney Islands make up an archipelago north of Scotland.