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Reducing Ocean Waste 2 | the Business Case for Reducing Ocean Waste 2 Contents World Business Council for Sustainable Development Maison de la Paix Chemin Eugène-Rigot 2B CP 2075, 1211 Geneva 1 Switzerland www.wbcsd.org The business case for reducing ocean waste 2 | The Business Case for Reducing Ocean Waste 2 Contents Foreword 04 Executive summary 07 Introduction 08 1 From the plastic age to the ocean waste age… 09 Plastic marine debris: an issue for business 10 Why this report? 12 Focus of the report 13 Business drivers 14 2 Four main business drivers 15 Mapping to the value chain 19 Case studies: best practices illustrating some of the key business drivers 22 Business co-benefits 26 3 Economic benefits 27 Environmental benefits 27 Social benefits 28 Conclusion 30 4 Summary 31 Next steps 31 Appendices 32 Definitions 32 Acronyms 32 Gaps and limitations 32 References 33 Acknowledgements 36 The Business Case for Reducing Ocean Waste | 3 Foreword The issue of ocean plastic is rising on Several leading companies along the Furthermore, business stands to benefit the global policy agenda, as evidenced plastics value chain have already started from contributing to the solution. in the UN adoption of Sustainable to invest in land-based solutions to Benefits include reducing the risks Development Goal (SDG) 14 – part of reduce plastics leakage to the ocean. of losing core business in a context which calls for action to address marine Solutions range from industry-specific of growing regulatory and consumer pollution. innovations to multi-stakeholder pressure, enhancing our brands’ partnerships. The challenge remains on reputation by demonstrating leadership Without significant action, there may how to scale-up these efforts, alongside in solving the issue and growing our be more plastic than fish in the ocean improvements in waste management, to business through the development of by weight by 20501. Impacts go far prevent and significantly reduce marine new products or businesses. beyond images of large marine creatures pollution. ingesting and getting entangled in We strongly encourage you to join us plastic rubbish. Overall, the natural As business leaders, we joined WBCSD’s and start tackling this important issue. capital cost of marine plastic pollution Roadmap for reducing Ocean Waste It is time to act and seize the massive for the consumer goods industry alone (ROW) program to galvanize the broader opportunity of capturing the $80-120 is estimated to be at least 4.7 billion per business community to prioritize billion in annual economic value currently year2. ocean waste prevention. Our aim is to lost to the economy due to not capturing demonstrate that plastic marine debris single-use plastic packaging material Approximately 80% of ocean waste – presents material risks and opportunities after use6. also called marine debris – comes from to the entire plastics value chain. land-based sources3. To effectively We must act now to reverse address the problem, we must close the This report identifies the business the current trend of marine tap and prevent valuable plastic waste drivers for companies along the value from flooding into the ocean in the first chain to address marine debris. pollution and preserve a place. thriving ocean ecosystem for Business leaders – especially those in the future. There is no one-size-fits-all scenario. plastic, packaging, consumer products Yet, there is growing consensus that and waste management – must improvements in waste collection and recognize that plastic marine debris is management, in concert with a more a material issue for their businesses. sustainable plastics life cycle, are key Beyond the typical business actors, parts of the equation4. most of the business community is not yet involved. We believe that plastic marine debris presents significant risks and Bridging this gap and getting more opportunities for business. The private companies on board is essential to sector has a key role to play in the enable impact at scale. As business, solution. It is up to the public sector to we possess the innovation potential adopt policies that foster innovation and and technical know-how to significantly stimulate investment in these solutions reduce marine pollution by 20255. that close the plastics loop. | The Business Case for Reducing Ocean Waste 4 The Business Case for Reducing Ocean Waste | 5 The Business Case for Reducing Ocean Waste 5 6 | The Business Case for Reducing Ocean Waste 6 Executive summary Plastic materials are increasingly used across all sectors of the economy because they present significant benefits over alternative materials. Yet plastic market growth has come at the price of our oceans. Today, at least 8 million tons of plastics collaboration with the public sector will sustainable production and consumption leak into the ocean each year7. The natural drive impact at scale. as well as ocean-focused SDG 14 is a sign capital cost of marine plastic pollution is of this. estimated to be at least $4.7 billion per Business drivers The business case is compelling. Top year in the consumer goods industry There are numerous arguments for companies already understand this and alone8. companies to engage in preventing ocean are engaged. This is the opportunity to Approximately 80% of marine debris waste. Based on company insights along take your place among the leaders and – including plastics – comes from land- the entire plastics value chain, four main get involved in the journey towards a based sources9. Business has a key role to business drivers for acting on plastic plastic-free ocean. play in addressing this global issue. marine debris surfaced (see Figure 1). Many leading companies have developed The four drivers, and their respective risks Figure 1: solutions to reduce marine littering. These and opportunities, should be considered Summary of the main business drivers range from industry-specific innovations a menu of business cases that a company for companies to reduce ocean waste to multi-stakeholder partnerships. While or individual can reference or choose many solutions already exist, they are from. Deciding which drivers are material mainly developed by a small number to your company will depend on your Maintain core business of companies. Most of the business sector and position in the value chain. • Regulatory risk community is not yet involved. For each of the four drivers, the report • Consumer misperception of plastics • Financial risk To bridge this gap and to get more details concrete business risks and companies on board, we developed the opportunities. It also showcases perspectives and best practices from following Business Case for Action. Enhance brand and reputation leading companies who are already • Corporate responsibilty Three key takeaways: prioritizing marine debris in their corporate agendas through a series of case studies. • Mission & values 1. Business can and should play a key • Reputational risk role in addressing marine debris by • Customer loyalty having more companies involved to Business benefits Solutions to reducing ocean waste can • License to operate scale-up emerging solutions. The generate additional environmental, time for action is now. • Stakeholders’ involvement social and economic benefits, creating 2. There are four business drivers shared value beyond company walls. which define the material impact For instance, job creation, inclusion of Secure competitive advantage of marine debris on any given the informal waste management sector, • New business company: maintaining core business, and better environmental conditions will • New products enhancing brand and reputation, contribute to better living conditions in • Greater talent securing competitive advantage and cities and communities where companies • Differentiation improving business operations. operate. This is likely to enhance local stakeholders’ trust in business, and 3. There is a proven social impact improve community engagement. which businesses can drive with Improve business operations the engagement in reducing marine • Costs of alternative packaging debris. Call to action options Ultimately, this report is a call to action Our goal is to encourage business for the entire private sector. The issue • Loss of material procurement options leaders, especially those in plastics, of ocean plastic pollution is deeply • Secondary material supply packaging, consumer products and embedded in climate change mitigation, • CO2 mitigation waste management companies, to circular economy, water, waste prioritize ocean waste prevention in management and is rising on the global their respective corporate agendas. policy agenda. Adoption of Sustainable Broader business engagement and Development Goals (SDG) 12 on The Business Case for Reducing Ocean Waste | 7 1. Introduction 8 | The Business Case for Reducing Ocean Waste 8 of plastics leak into the ocean each Approximately 80% of marine debris From the plastic age to the year13. This is equivalent to dumping the – including plastics – comes from 10 ocean waste age … contents of one garbage truck into the land-based sources23. Poor solid waste The past 65 years have seen plastics ocean every minute14. management is considered one of the production increase from 1.5 to 300 major reasons24. Other land-based Plastic makes up 60 to 90% of the litter million tons11. Plastic materials are sources include the intentional and collected at sea or on the coastline15. This increasingly used across all sectors of unintentional release of solid materials is because polymers degrade slowly in the economy, including
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