Impact of Internet Exchange Points (Ixps)
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Mathematics in African History and Cultures
Paulus Gerdes & Ahmed Djebbar MATHEMATICS IN AFRICAN HISTORY AND CULTURES: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY African Mathematical Union Commission on the History of Mathematics in Africa (AMUCHMA) Mathematics in African History and Cultures Second edition, 2007 First edition: African Mathematical Union, Cape Town, South Africa, 2004 ISBN: 978-1-4303-1537-7 Published by Lulu. Copyright © 2007 by Paulus Gerdes & Ahmed Djebbar Authors Paulus Gerdes Research Centre for Mathematics, Culture and Education, C.P. 915, Maputo, Mozambique E-mail: [email protected] Ahmed Djebbar Département de mathématiques, Bt. M 2, Université de Lille 1, 59655 Villeneuve D’Asq Cedex, France E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Cover design inspired by a pattern on a mat woven in the 19th century by a Yombe woman from the Lower Congo area (Cf. GER-04b, p. 96). 2 Table of contents page Preface by the President of the African 7 Mathematical Union (Prof. Jan Persens) Introduction 9 Introduction to the new edition 14 Bibliography A 15 B 43 C 65 D 77 E 105 F 115 G 121 H 162 I 173 J 179 K 182 L 194 M 207 N 223 O 228 P 234 R 241 S 252 T 274 U 281 V 283 3 Mathematics in African History and Cultures page W 290 Y 296 Z 298 Appendices 1 On mathematicians of African descent / 307 Diaspora 2 Publications by Africans on the History of 313 Mathematics outside Africa (including reviews of these publications) 3 On Time-reckoning and Astronomy in 317 African History and Cultures 4 String figures in Africa 338 5 Examples of other Mathematical Books and 343 -
OUT of AFRICA: Byting Down on Wildlife Cybercrime CONTENTS
OUT OF AFRICA: Byting Down on Wildlife Cybercrime CONTENTS 1 | EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2 2 | BACKGROUND 4 3 | RESEARCHING ONLINE WILDLIFE TRADE IN AFRICA 5 4 | KEY RESULTS AT A GLANCE 7 5 | METHODOLOGY 9 6 | CITES AND WILDLIFE CYBERCRIME 10 7 | OUR PARTNERS 11 8 | INTERNET USE IN AFRICA 13 9 | SUMMARY RESULTS 14 10 | RESULTS BY COUNTRY 19 SOUTH AFRICA • NIGERIA • IVORY COAST • KENYA • TANZANIA • UGANDA • ETHIOPIA 11 | CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 29 1 | EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW) This research is part of a broader project to has been researching the threat that online wildlife address wildlife cybercrime in Africa, funded by the trade poses to endangered species since 2004. During US government’s Department of State’s Bureau of that time, our research in over 25 countries around International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs the globe has revealed the vast scale of trade in wildlife (INL). The wider project included researching trade in and their parts and products on the world’s largest elephant, rhino and tiger products over the 'Darknet'; marketplace, the Internet - a market that is open for providing training on investigating wildlife cybercrime business 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. to enforcers in South Africa and Kenya; ensuring policy Whilst legal trade exists in respect of many species makers addressed the threat of wildlife cybercrime of wildlife, online platforms can provide easy opportunities through adopting Decision 17.92 entitled Combatting for criminal activities. Trade over the Internet is often Wildlife Cybercrime at the CoP17 of the Convention largely unregulated and anonymous, often with little to on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild no monitoring or enforcement action being taken against Fauna and Flora (CITES) in Johannesburg 2016; carrying wildlife cybercriminals. -
Before the FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION Washington, D.C
Before the FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION Washington, D.C. In the Matter of EDGE CABLE HOLDINGS USA, LLC, File No. SCL-LIC-2020-____________ AQUA COMMS (AMERICAS) INC., AQUA COMMS (IRELAND) LIMITED, CABLE & WIRELESS AMERICAS SYSTEMS, INC., AND MICROSOFT INFRASTRUCTURE GROUP, LLC, Application for a License to Land and Operate a Private Fiber-Optic Submarine Cable System Connecting the United States, the United Kingdom, and France, to Be Known as THE AMITIÉ CABLE SYSTEM JOINT APPLICATION FOR CABLE LANDING LICENSE— STREAMLINED PROCESSING REQUESTED Pursuant to 47 U.S.C. § 34, Executive Order No. 10,530, and 47 C.F.R. § 1.767, Edge Cable Holdings USA, LLC (“Edge USA”), Aqua Comms (Americas) Inc. (“Aqua Comms Americas”), Aqua Comms (Ireland) Limited (“Aqua Comms Ireland,” together with Aqua Comms Americas, “Aqua Comms”), Cable & Wireless Americas Systems, Inc. (“CWAS”), and Microsoft Infrastructure Group, LLC (“Microsoft Infrastructure”) (collectively, the “Applicants”) hereby apply for a license to land and operate within U.S. territory the Amitié system, a private fiber-optic submarine cable network connecting the United States, the United Kingdom, and France. The Applicants and their affiliates will operate the Amitié system on a non-common-carrier basis, either by providing bulk capacity to wholesale and enterprise customers on particularized terms and conditions pursuant to individualized negotiations or by using the Amitié cable system to serve their own internal business connectivity needs. The existence of robust competition on U.S.-U.K., U.S.-France, and (more broadly) U.S.-Western Europe routes obviates any need for common-carrier regulation of the system on public-interest grounds. -
The SAT-3/WASC Cable Ghana Case Study Eric Osiakwan1
The Case for “Open Access” Communications Infrastructure in Africa: The SAT-3/WASC cable Ghana case study Eric Osiakwan1 ASSOCIATION FOR PROGRESSIVE COMMUNICATIONS (APC) APC-200805-CIPP-R-EN-PDF-0047 ISBN 92-95049-49-7 COMMISSIONED BY THE ASSOCIATION FOR PROGRESSIVE COMMUNICATIONS (APC) CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION-NONCOMMERCIAL-SHAREALIKE 3.0 LICENCE GRAPHICS: COURTESY OF AUTHOR 1Eric Osiakwan is an ICT specialist with extensive experience in the African internet market. He is Executive Secretary of the African Internet Service Providers Association and the Ghana Internet Service Providers Association, and consults on ICT developments in Africa. Table of Contents 1 Overview of report.............................................................................................. 3 2 Background .......................................................................................................... 4 2.1 Brief country profile..................................................................................... 4 2.2 Overview of Ghana’s telecommunications market................................. 5 2.3 History of the SAT-3/WASC cable in Ghana .......................................... 9 2.4 The impact of SAT-3/WASC in Ghana................................................... 12 3 Performance indicators – successes and failures.......................................... 14 3.1 Subscription, usage and capacity utilisation.......................................... 14 3.2 Cost and tariffs........................................................................................... -
Engineering Change – Towards a Sustainable Future in the Developing
Engineering Change Towards a sustainable future in the developing world Edited by Peter Guthrie, Calestous Juma and Hayaatun Sillem Engineering Change Towards a sustainable future in the developing world Edited by: Professor Peter Guthrie OBE FREng Professor of Engineering for Sustainable Development Centre for Sustainable Development Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge Professor Calestous Juma HonFREng FRS Professor of the Practice of International Development Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University Dr Hayaatun Sillem International Manager The Royal Academy of Engineering Consultant editor: Ian Jones, Director, Isinglass Consultancy Ltd Published: October 2008 ISBN No: 1-903496-41-1 Engineering Change Towards a sustainable future in the developing world Table of Contents Foreword 3 Engineering a better world 5 Calestous Juma Profile: Rajendra K Pachauri 11 Engineering growth: Technology, innovation and policy making in Rwanda 13 Romain Murenzi and Mike Hughes Water and waste: Engineering solutions that work 21 Sandy Cairncross Globalising innovation: Engineers and innovation in a networked world 25 Gordon Conway Profile: Dato Lee Yee-Cheong 32 Engineering, wealth creation and disaster recovery: The case of Afghanistan 35 M Masoom Stanekzai and Heather Cruickshank Untapped potential: The role of women engineers in African development 41 Joanna Maduka Scarce skills or skills gaps: Assessing needs and developing solutions 47 Allyson Lawless Profile: Irenilza de Alencar -
AFRICA AGRICULTURE STATUS REPORT 2017 the Business of Smallholder Agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa
AFRICA AGRICULTURE STATUS REPORT 2017 The Business of Smallholder Agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa AFRICA AGRICULTURE STATUS REPORT 2017 01 Africa Agriculture Status Report 2017 THE BUSINESS OF SMALLHOLDER AGRICULTURE IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA Copyright @2017 by the Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA) All rights reserved. The publisher encourages fair use of this material provided proper citation is made. ISSN: 2313-5387 Correct Citation: AGRA. (2017). Africa Agriculture Status Report: The Business of Smallholder Agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa (Issue 5). Nairobi, Kenya: Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA). Issue No. 5 Managing Editor: Daudi Sumba, (AGRA) Project Coordinator: Jane Njuguna (AGRA) Editor: Anne Marie Nyamu, Editorial, Publishing and Training Consultant Data Table Coordinators: Jane Njuguna, Josephine Njau, Alice Thuita (AGRA) Design and Layout: Kristina Just Cover Concept: Communication Unit AGRA Cover Photos: Shutterstock, AGRA, Ecomedia Printing: Ecomedia AGRA wishes to acknowledge the following contributing institutions: The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the policies or position of Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA) or its employees. Although AGRA has made every effort to ensure accuracy and completeness of information entered in this book, we assume no responsibilities for errors, inaccuracies, omissions or inconsistencies included herein. The mention of specific companies, manufacturers or their products, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply endorsement or recommendation or approval by AGRA in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The descriptions, charts and maps used do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of AGRA concerning the development, legal or constitutional status of any country. -
Understanding What Is Happening in ICT in Mozambique
Evidence for ICT Policy Action Policy Paper 10, 2013 Understandingwhat is happening in ICT in Mozambique A supply- and demand- side analysis of the ICT sector Francisco Mabila Research ICT Africa Research ICT Africa (RIA) is an information and communication technology (ICT) policy and regulation research network based in Cape Town, South Africa, under the directorship of Dr. Alison Gillwald. As a public interest think tank, RIA fills a strategic gap in the development of a sustainable information society and knowledge economy. The network builds the ICT policy and regulatory research capacity needed to inform effective ICT governance in Africa. RIA was launched a decade ago and has extended its activities through national, regional and continental partnerships. The network emanates from the growing demand for data and analysis necessary for appropriate but visionary policy required to catapult the continent into the information age. Through development of its research network, RIA seeks to build an African knowledge base in support of sound ICT policy and regulatory design, transparent implementation processes, and monitoring and review of policy and regulatory developments on the continent. The research, arising from a public interest agenda, is made available in the public domain, and individuals and entities from the public sector, private sector and civil society are encouraged to use it for purposes of teaching and further research or to enable them to participate more effectively in national, regional and global ICT policymaking and governance. Series Editor: Alison Gillwald Editorial assistance: Broc Rademan Evidence for ICT Policy Action Acknowledgements Research ICT Africa (RIA) is an information and communication technology (ICT) policy and regulation research network based in Cape Town, South Africa, under the directorship of Dr. -
Compulsory Publication in Accordance with Section 14
NON-BINDING ENGLISH TRANSLATION Mandatory publication pursuant to sections 34, 14 paras. 2 and 3 of the German Securities Acqui- sition and Takeover Act (Wertpapiererwerbs- und Übernahmegesetz – WpÜG) Shareholders of Kabel Deutschland Holding AG, in particular those who have their place of residence, seat (Sitz) or place of habitual abode outside the Federal Republic of Germany should pay particular attention to the information contained in Section 1 “General infor- mation and notes for shareholders”, Section 6.8 “Possible parallel acquisitions” and Sec- tion 11.9 “Note to holders of American Depositary Receipts” of this Offer Document. OFFER DOCUMENT VOLUNTARY PUBLIC TAKEOVER OFFER (Cash Offer) by Vodafone Vierte Verwaltungsgesellschaft mbH (whose change of legal form into a German stock corporation under the company name Vodafone Vierte Verwaltungs AG has been resolved upon) Ferdinand-Braun-Platz 1, 40549 Düsseldorf, Germany to the shareholders of Kabel Deutschland Holding AG Betastraße 6 – 8, 85774 Unterföhring, Germany to acquire all no-par value bearer shares of Kabel Deutschland Holding AG for a cash consideration of EUR 84.50 per Kabel Deutschland Holding AG share In addition, the shareholders of Kabel Deutschland Holding AG shall benefit from the dividend for the financial year ending on 31 March 2013 in the amount of EUR 2.50 per Kabel Deutschland Holding AG share as proposed by Kabel Deutschland Holding AG. If the settlement of the Takeover Offer occurs prior to the day on which Kabel Deutschland Holding AG’s general meeting resolving on the distribution of profits for the financial year ending on 31 March 2013 is held, the cash con- sideration will be increased by EUR 2.50 per Kabel Deutschland Holding AG share to EUR 87.00 per Kabel Deutschland Holding AG share. -
Case Study of Dar Es Salaam City Stephen M
Library Hi Tech Contradictions of Tanzania Government policies on Internet service provision: case study of Dar es Salaam city Stephen M. MutulaMzee M.M.M. Ahmadi Article information: To cite this document: Stephen M. MutulaMzee M.M.M. Ahmadi, (2002),"Contradictions of Tanzania Government policies on Internet service provision: case study of Dar es Salaam city", Library Hi Tech, Vol. 20 Iss 3 pp. 359 - 369 Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/07378830210444559 Downloaded on: 12 January 2016, At: 04:35 (PT) References: this document contains references to 19 other documents. To copy this document: [email protected] The fulltext of this document has been downloaded 752 times since 2006* Access to this document was granted through an Emerald subscription provided by emerald-srm:365202 [] For Authors If you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelines are available for all. Please visit www.emeraldinsight.com/authors for more information. About Emerald www.emeraldinsight.com Emerald is a global publisher linking research and practice to the benefit of society. The company manages a portfolio of more than 290 journals and over 2,350 books and book series volumes, as well as providing an extensive range of online products and additional customer resources and services. Emerald is both COUNTER 4 and TRANSFER compliant. The organization is a partner of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and also works with Portico and the LOCKSS initiative for digital archive preservation. -
BBG Research Series, Africa Online
Agenda CHRIS STEWART Christopher Stewart is a partner at The Gallup Organization. Mr. Stewart provides strategic counsel in the area of marketing communications, advanced analysis and modeling, and population-based assessments. Additionally, he plays a senior Introductions & Welcome leadership role as a strategic advisor for Gallup’s 165 country public opinion tracking Chris Stewart, program – The Gallup World Poll. Partner, Gallup Mr. Stewart previously served for 10 years as Regional Managing Partner of the Asia Pacific Division where he had responsibility for managing Gallup’s seventeen offices Introduction to BBG in the Asia Pacific region. He remains a Director of Gallup in Singapore, Thailand, Research Australia, Malaysia, Hong Kong, and India, and as the General Director of Gallup Sonja Gloeckle, Institute LLC, a Russian subsidiary of Gallup, Inc. Director of Research, International Broadcasting SONJA GLOECKLE Bureau Sonja Gloeckle leads the research program at the BBG’s International Broadcasting Bureau. Prior to assuming her current position, she served several years as the BBG’s primary Africa research analyst and covered all aspects – from research design to BBG Findings analysis – of multiple quantitative and qualitative studies in Sub-Saharan Africa each Ellington Kamba, year. Before joining the BBG, Gloeckle was a Senior Project Manager at a research consultancy, where she managed research projects across Africa, Southeast Asia, the Research Analyst, Balkans and the former Soviet Union for various international broadcasting clients International Broadcasting including the BBG, and other organizations, such as the UN, UNDP, USAID, and the Bill Bureau and Melinda Gates Foundation. Gloeckle obtained her undergraduate degree in International Culture and Politics from World Poll Findings the School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University and a Certificate from the Magali Rheault, Regional Institut d’Etudes Politiques de Paris (Sciences Po). -
Over 2500 Company Records
You need To identify ICT market players in developing countries How to register free of charge: To target companies looking for partners For operators and service providers in developing countries wishing to announce their presence, to highlight their development (financial, commercial, technical, etc.) projects, to seek partners and to address market opportunities. To promote your development projects and It is very easy: business opportunities Go to the ITU/BDT/PSPU website: http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/partners and complete online the new 2003 questionnaire or Over 2500 company Contact: Partnership, Promotion & ITU-D Membership (PPM) Tel.: + 41 22 730 6471 records Fax: + 41 22 730 5484 E-mail: [email protected] How to order: The price of the OPERITU electronic catalogue is only CHF 300 a year. Special discounts are available for ITU Member States and Sector Members as well as for Least Developed Countries. You can order immediately online at http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/partners or Send an e-mail or a fax to: ITU Sales and Marketing Division Fax:+41 22 730 5194 E-mail: [email protected] The ITU/BDT online database International on Telecommunication International Telecommunication Telecommunication Union Union Website: www.itu.int Operators/Service Providers in Developing Countries ollowing the widespread liberalization of the telecommunication market, accompanied F by competition and privatization, new operators and service providers are emerging and offering possibilities for collaboration with companies wishing to participate in telecommunication development in developing countries. ITU/BDT, conscious of this rapid increase in new operators, has pointed out the need to target players in the telecommunication market and has set up an online database on telecommunication operators/service providers in developing countries. -
Interest in Subsidiaries and Joint Ventures As at 31 March
Interest in subsidiaries and joint ventures as at 31 March The information discloses interests in subsidiaries, joint ventures and structured entities of Vodacom Group Limited. The interest in ordinary share capital is representative of the voting power except for ‘B’ ordinary shares where each share entitles the holder to two votes. Nature of business N – Cellular network operators; S – Service providers; H – Holding/Investment holding company; B – Black Economic Empowerment company; P – Property holding company; F – Financial services company; D – Dormant; O – Other. Country of incorporation RSA – Republic of South Africa; UK – United Kingdom; LES – Lesotho; TZN – Tanzania; MZ – Mozambique; DRC – The Democratic Republic of Congo; MAU – Mauritius; GUE – Guernsey; ANG – Angola; KEN – Kenya; SL – Sierra Leone; CAM – Cameroon. Interest in issued share capital Nature of Country of 2020 2019 business incorporation % % Subsidiaries Direct Vodacom (Pty) Limited N RSA 100 100 Vodacom Tanzania PLC N TZN 752 48.75 Vodacom International Holdings (Pty) Limited H RSA 100 100 Wheatfields Investments No. 276 (Pty) Limited H RSA 100 100 Vodacom International Limited H MAU 100 100 Vodacom Business Africa Group (Pty) Limited H RSA 100 100 Vodafone Kenya Limited H KEN 87.53 87.53 Indirect Vodacom Lesotho (Pty) Limited N LES 80 80 VM, SA N MZ 85 85 Vodacom Congo (RDC) SA N DRC 51 51 Vodacom Business Africa Group Services Limited S UK 100 100 Vodacom UK Limited D UK 100 100 VBA Holdings Limited H GUE 100 100 VBA International Limited H GUE 100 100 Vodacom