DOCSLIB.ORG

The US Information Economy: Value, Employment, Industry Structure and Trade — a Technical Appendix,” App, 2012

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The US Information Economy: Value, Employment, Industry Structure and Trade — a Technical Appendix,” App, 2012 Full text available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/0200000013 The U.S. Information Economy: Value, Employment, Industry Structure, and Trade Full text available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/0200000013 The U.S. Information Economy: Value, Employment, Industry Structure, and Trade Uday Apte Naval Postgraduate School USA [email protected] Uday Karmarkar University of California USA [email protected] Hiranya Nath Sam Houston State University USA eco [email protected] Boston { Delft Full text available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/0200000013 Foundations and Trends R in Technology, Information and Operations Management Published, sold and distributed by: now Publishers Inc. PO Box 1024 Hanover, MA 02339 USA Tel. +1-781-985-4510 www.nowpublishers.com [email protected] Outside North America: now Publishers Inc. PO Box 179 2600 AD Delft The Netherlands Tel. +31-6-51115274 The preferred citation for this publication is U. Apte, U. Karmarkar and H. Nath, The U.S. Information Economy: Value, Employment, Industry Structure, and Trade, Foundation and Trends R in Technology, Information and Operations Management, vol 6, no 1, pp 1{87, 2012 ISBN: 978-1-60198-610-8 c 2012 U. Apte, U. Karmarkar and H. Nath All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publishers. Photocopying. In the USA: This journal is registered at the Copyright Clearance Cen- ter, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use, or the internal or personal use of specific clients, is granted by now Publishers Inc for users registered with the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC). The `services' for users can be found on the internet at: www.copyright.com For those organizations that have been granted a photocopy license, a separate system of payment has been arranged. Authorization does not extend to other kinds of copy- ing, such as that for general distribution, for advertising or promotional purposes, for creating new collective works, or for resale. In the rest of the world: Permission to pho- tocopy must be obtained from the copyright owner. Please apply to now Publishers Inc., PO Box 1024, Hanover, MA 02339, USA; Tel. +1-781-871-0245; www.nowpublishers.com; [email protected] now Publishers Inc. has an exclusive license to publish this material worldwide. Permission to use this content must be obtained from the copyright license holder. Please apply to now Publishers, PO Box 179, 2600 AD Delft, The Netherlands, www.nowpublishers.com; e-mail: [email protected] Full text available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/0200000013 Foundations and Trends R in Technology, Information and Operations Management Volume 6 Issue 1, 2012 Editorial Board Editor-in-Chief: Charles Corbett UCLA Anderson School of Management Los Angeles, California 90095-1481 USA [email protected] Editors Uday Apte (Naval Postgraduate Ananth Iyer (Purdue University) School) Sunder Kekre (Carnegie Mellon Rajiv Banker (Temple University) University) Gabriel Bitran (MIT) Ton de Kok (Technical University Roger Bohn (UC San Diego) Eindhoven) Gerard Cachon (University of Panos Kouvelis (Washington University) Pennsylvania) Christoph Loch (INSEAD) Morris Cohen (University of Haim Mendelson (Stanford University) Pennsylvania) Mohanbir Sawhney (Northwestern Sriram Dasu (University of Southern University) California) Avi Seidman (University of Rochester) Awi Federgruen (Columbia University) Josep Valor (IESE Business School) Marshall Fisher (University of Jo van Nunen (Erasmus University) Pennsylvania) Garrett van Ryzin (Columbia Art Geoffrion (UCLA) University) Steve Graves (MIT) Luk van Wassenhove (INSEAD) Vijay Gurbaxani (UC Irvine) Andrew Whinston (University of Texas, Wallace J. Hopp (Northwestern Austin) University) Candice Yano (UC Berkeley) Full text available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/0200000013 Editorial Scope Foundations and Trends R in Technology, Information and Operations Management will publish survey and tutorial articles in the following topics: • B2B Commerce • New Product & Service Design • Business Process Engineering and • Queuing Networks Design • Reverse Logistics • Business Process Outsourcing • Service Logistics and Product • Capacity Planning Support • Competitive Operations • Supply Chain Management • Contracting in Supply Chains • Technology Management and Strategy • E-Commerce and E-Business Models • Technology, Information and Operations in: • Electronic markets, auctions and exchanges { Automotive Industries • Enterprise Management Systems { Electronics manufacturing • Facility Location { Financial Services { Health Care • Information Chain Structure and Competition { Industrial Equipment • International Operations { Media and Entertainment • Marketing/Manufacturing { Process Industries Interfaces { Retailing • Multi-location inventory theory { Telecommunications Information for Librarians Foundations and Trends R in Technology, Information and Operations Man- agement, 2012, Volume 6, 4 issues. ISSN paper version 1571-9545. ISSN online version 1571-9553. Also available as a combined paper and online subscription. Full text available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/0200000013 Foundations and Trends R in Technology, Information and Operations Management Vol. 6, No. 1 (2012) 1{87 c 2012 U. Apte, U. Karmarkar and H. Nath DOI: 10.1561/0200000013 The U.S. Information Economy: Value, Employment, Industry Structure, and Trade Uday Apte1, Uday Karmarkar2 and Hiranya Nath3 1 Naval Postgraduate School, Monetery, CA 93943, USA, [email protected] 2 UCLA Anderson School of Management, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA, [email protected] 3 Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX 77340, USA, eco [email protected] Abstract This study examines the evolution of the United States (U.S.) economy after 1999, extending our previous studies [4, 8] up to 2007. The U.S. economy has moved steadily toward services and information-intensive sectors in terms of Gross National Product (GNP), employment, and wage distribution. Information-intensive services, the nexus of these two major trends, now compose the largest portion of the U.S. economy in terms of GNP value, jobs, and wages. In addition, we study the growth of international trade in services and information sectors, which is likely to become increasingly important in the future. Finally, we examine the factors underlying the shifts observable in the economy and the impact on competition, strategy, and sector structure. An online technical appendix that discusses the definitions and conceptual framework, and describes the data sources and the detailed calculations used to measure the size and structure of the U.S. information economy in 2002 is available at http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1561/0200000013 app. Full text available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/0200000013 Contents 1 Introduction 1 2 The Information Economy: Literature and History of Research 5 3 The U.S. Information Economy 13 3.1 Data and Methodology 13 3.2 Main Findings 18 3.3 Information{Material Decomposition at the Industry Level 22 4 Employment and Wages in the U.S. Economy 27 4.1 Data and Methodology 27 4.2 Main Findings 29 4.3 Sector-wise Employment and Wage Patterns 36 5 International Trade in Information-Intensive Services 41 5.1 Data and Definitions 41 5.2 Main Observations 42 ix Full text available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/0200000013 6 Drivers of Economic Evolution and Sector Growth 59 6.1 Productivity 59 6.2 Industrialization 61 6.3 Technology and Process Change 62 6.4 Design and Innovation 63 6.5 Logistics and Distributed Production 64 6.6 Demographics 65 7 The Consequences of Economic Evolution 67 7.1 Competition 67 7.2 Services Trade and Off-Shoring 71 7.3 Wage Distribution 72 7.4 Convergence and Sector Restructuring 73 7.5 Organizational Restructuring 78 7.6 Continuing Evolution and New Developments 79 8 Summary, Conclusions, and Future Research 81 References 83 Full text available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/0200000013 1 Introduction Most of the large economies in the world are already dominated by services, in that services compose more than 50% of national income. We are now in the midst of another major evolutionary trend: that from a material or physical to an information economy. This change is most visible in developed economies, but is occurring in all economies. Some of the research studies that have examined, established, and mea- sured this trend for the United States (U.S.) are those by Machlup [60], Porat [73], Apte and Nath [8], and Apte et al. [4]. Choi et al. [32], fol- lowing the same methodology as Apte and Nath, demonstrate that a similar evolution has taken place in South Korea, which, while having a relatively larger manufacturing sector than the U.S., was also effec- tively an information economy by 2000 and has continued to trend in that direction until 2005. In this monograph, we explore the confluence of these two trends by examining the double dichotomy of products versus services and infor- mation versus material (noninformation), which divides the economy into four supersectors. Figure 1.1 provides some illustrative examples of industries in the four supersectors. Note that certain physical man- ufacturing and service examples (e.g., computers, telecom) fall in the 1 Full text available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/0200000013 2 Introduction Fig. 1.1 A 2 × 2 decomposition of the U.S. economy with sector examples. information sector following the definition by Porat [73]. It also should be pointed out that many industries do not really lie entirely inside one cell. For example, both Machlup and Porat arrived at nearly identical conclusions about the health care industry: It breaks down just about evenly across the material and information sectors. In previous articles, we have examined the way in which Gross National Product (GNP) in the U.S. divides across these sectors using data on U.S. GNP from 1967, 1992, and 1997 [4]. The current arti- cle revisits the earlier estimates and extends them to 2007.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • East Asia in the Information Economy Opportunities and Challenges
    East Asia in the Information Economy Opportunities and challenges Jamus Jerome Lim Jamus Jerome Lim is at the Regional Economic Studies Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Pasir Panjang, Singapore. Keywords Information, Economy, East Asia, information revolution. The reality of the situation is likely to Information technology fall between the extremes of limitless opportunity and Abstract The Information Economy has captured the impossible challenges. This essay seeks to mop away imagination of all levels of society. Yet very often, analyses tend excessive hype and scepticism and to draw lessons from to reflect personal biases or propose incredulous scenarios. objective analysis, based on a multidisciplinary approach. This essay does not seek to rewrite old rules for a new economy; rather, it seeks to provide a balanced perspective on The information economy landscape in East opportunities and challenges facing East Asia, using a Asia multidisciplinary approach. It finds that although these countries The economies of East Asia are a unique as they are diverse. differ in their levels of development in the Information Economy, their prospects of growth depend on the policies that they They range from those seeking to pursue the siren song of choose to pursue. Deliberations on economic issues &such as development to those whose levels of development rival the the potential for productivity gains from ICT), political concerns very best in the world; from economies that have embraced &including the need to cope with changing government-people laissez-faire to those that are now in the throes of transition. dynamics), and social changes &such as the diminution of local In terms of their progress in embracing the Information cultures and the widening digital divide) often involve both costs Economy, however, the economies show a greater degree of as well as benefits.
    [Show full text]
  • The Information Economy: an Evolution of Approaches
    INFORMATION AND ORGANISATION A Tribute to the Work of Don Lamberton S. Macdonald and J. Nightingale (Editors) 109 0 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. THE INFORMATION ECONOMY: AN EVOLUTION OF APPROACHES Sandra Braman Department of Telecommunications and Film, College of Communications, University of Alabama, PO Box 870152, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0152, USA INTRODUCTION Three processes related to the information economy have been unfolding concurrently, each according to its own dynamics and speed. A series of alternative conceptualizations of the information economy has emerged. The subfield of the economics of information is coalescing out of the merging and expansion of several strands of work in the literatures of economics. And empirical developments - including the appearance of new types of organizational form, shifting market activities, and the sustained production and distribution of goods and services - continue in their own multiple ways, unaware of, and unconcerned about the efforts of scholars to contain them. · The three are, of course, not unrelated. Conceptualizations of the information economy inform the making of policy and interact with the definition, bounding, and attitude of the nascent economics of information. Developments in the economics of information - most profoundly explored by Don Lamberton (1974, 1984, 1992, 1994, 1997)- expand the kit of tools available to analysts and decision-makers in both the public and private sectors. The policies which result are among the structural forces shaping the environment in which economic activities unfold. Thus, these elements are mutually constitutive. The global economy is undergoing a shift from dominance by market relations to dominance by relations within organizations and other forms of networks.
    [Show full text]
  • The Information Economy and the Labor Theory of Value Christian Fuchs Fuchs, Christian. 2017. the Information Economy and the La
    The Information Economy and the Labor Theory of Value Christian Fuchs Fuchs, Christian. 2017. The Information Economy and the Labor Theory of Value. International Journal of Political Economy 46 (1): 65-89. Methodological appendix: http://fuchs.uti.at/wp-content/IJPE_Appendix.pdf Accepted version, for citation consult the published version: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08911916.2017.1310475 Abstract This article discusses aspects of the labor theory of value in the context of the information industries. First, taking the Temporal Single-System Interpretation (TSSI) of Marx’s labor theory of value as methodology, the paper calculates economic demographics at the level of socially necessary labor time and prices of an example case. Second, the paper questions the assumption that the labor theory of value cannot be applied to the information industries. This paper tests this hypothesis with an analysis of the development of labor productivity in six countries. The paper concludes that the labor theory of value is an important tool for understanding the information economy and the peculiarities of the information commodity. Keywords: information economy, labor theory of value, Marx, political economy, capitalism 1. Introduction <65:> The question if and how Marx’s labor theory of value applies to the information industries has been an important and contested issue in Marxist theory that has gained a new impetus with the rise of so-called “social media” platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, Weibo and YouTube (Arvidsson and Colleoni 2012; Beverungen, Böhm and Land 2015; Bolaño 2015, Carchedi 2014, Comor 2014, Foley 2013, Fuchs 2010, 2012a, 2012b, 2014a, 2015, 2016b, 2017; Huws 2014; McGuigan and Manzerolle 2014, Perelman 2002, 2003; Proffitt, Ekbia and McDowell 2015, Reveley 2013, Rigi 2014, Rigi and Prey 2015, Teixeira and Rotta 2012, Zeller 2008).
    [Show full text]
  • Into the Third Millennium: Neocorporatism, the State and the Urban Planning Profession
    Into the Third Millennium: Neocorporatism, the State and the Urban Planning Profession Nancy G. Marshall A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT IN FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA © Nancy G. Marshall 2000 PLEASE TYPE THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES Thesis/Project Report Sheet Surname or Family name: Marshall First name: Nancy Other name/s: Gaye Abbreviation for degree as given in the University calendar: PhD School: Planning Faculty: Built Environment Title: Into the Third Millennium: Neocorporatism, the State and the Urban Planning Profession Abstract 350 words maximum (PLEASE TYPE) This thesis maintains that, far from being politically impartial bodies, as professional associations might suggest, professions as a whole are resolutely influenced in their activities by the political will of the times. At the beginning of the third millennium, this ‘will’ is described as neocorporatism, an ideology based on corporate structure and third sector co-governance. The research highlights the interrelationships between professions and ideology. A case study of the Canadian Institute of Planners (CIP) demonstrates how this neocorporatist philosophy is having an impact on its power and legitimacy and, ultimately, its effect within Canadian society. An historical review demonstrates how the Canadian Institute of Planners has reacted to and reflected state ideology throughout its history. It is clear that the organisation has been in a submissive relationship with the state until recently, where we see the balance of power starting to shift. The CIP is currently reorganising itself to better integrate with the state and improve its government relations.
    [Show full text]
  • Data and the Aggregate Economy
    Data and the Aggregate Economy Laura Veldkamp ∗ Cindy Chungy October 30, 2019z In preparation for the Journal of Economic Literature While the data economy has changed the way people shop and businesses operate, it has only just begun to permeate economists' thinking about aggregate economic phenomena. In the early twentieth century, economists like Schultz (1943) analyzed agrarian economies and land-use issues. As agricultural productivity improved, production shifted toward manufacturing. Modern macroe- conomics adapted with models featuring capital and labor, markets for goods, and equilibrium wages (Solow, 1956). Once again, productivity improvements have shifted the nature of production. In the informa- tion age, production increasingly revolves around information and, specifically, data. The United Nations (2017) estimates that as of 2015, global production of information and communications technology (ICT) goods and services amounted to approximately 6.5% of global GDP, and roughly 100 million people were employed in the ICT services sector alone. This raises the question of how macroeconomists might incorporate data as a service, an input or as an asset. This article explores the various ways that the growth of data interacts with classic macroeco- nomic questions concerning topics such as GDP measurement, monetary neutrality, growth, and firm dynamics; it describes tools we already have to understand the data economy; and it compares and contrasts two frameworks that integrate data in a standard macroeconomic environment. What do we mean by data? Data is information that can be encoded as a binary sequence of zeroes and ones. Of course, that includes an enormous spectrum of knowledge, not all of which is the subject of this article.
    [Show full text]
  • The Characteristics of the Information Economy
    Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Cilt:2 Sayı:3 Yıl1999 THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE INFORMATION ECONOMY Yrd.Doç-Dr.Hayriye Atik* ÖZET ABD, Japonya ve bazı Avrupa Birliği ülkeleri 1950'lerin başında bilgi ekonomisine dönüştüler. Bu dönüşüm sonucunda, hizmet ve bilgi sektörleri ülkelerin üretim ve istihdamı içinde hakim sektör durumuna geçti; sanayi sektörünün boyutları küçüldü. Bügi üretimi, bu yeni ekonomide buluşlar ve politikaların formüle edilmesi için daha önemli hale geldi. "Bilgisayar teknolojisi" veya "bilgi teknolojisi" (TT) olarak adlandırılan yeni bir teknoloji ortaya çıktı. Bu değişikliklere ilave olarak, katılımcı demokrasi farklı bir politik sistem olarak parlamenter demokrasinin yermi aldı. Bu çalışma, bilgi ekonomisinin yukarda sayılan özelliklerini derinlemesine ele almaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, yeni toplumun özelliklerini sanayi toplumu ile karşılaştırmalı olarak açıklamaktır. ABSTRACT The US, Japan and some European Union countries transformed to the information economy in the early 1950s. As a result of this transformation, the size of the industrial sector declined as the service and information sectors became dominant m the employment and production of the countries. In this new economy, knowledge production activities have been more important for umovation and policy formulation. A new technology called "computer technology" or "information technology" (IT) has come out. In addition to these changes, participatory democracy replaced parliamentary democracy as a different political system. This study examines the above characteristics of the information economy deeply. The purpose of the study is to explaine the characteristics of the new society m comparison with that of the industrial society. 1. INTRODUCTION The term "information economy" has been widely used in the development literature to reflect the new development stage of the advanced countries.
    [Show full text]
  • Understanding and Maximizing America's Evolutionary Economy
    UNDERSTANDING AND MAXIMIZING AMERICA’S EVOLUTIONARY ECONOMY ITIF The Information Technology & Innovation Foundation DR. ROBERT D. ATKINSON i UNDERSTANDING AND MAXIMIZING AMERICA’S EVOLUTIONARY ECONOMY DR. ROBERT D. ATKINSON OCTOBER 2014 DR. ROBERT D. ATKINSON ITIF The Information Technology & Innovation Foundation In the conventional view, the U.S. economy is a static entity, changing principally only in size (growing in normal times and contracting during recessions). But in reality, our economy is a constantly evolving complex ecosystem. The U.S. economy of 2014 is different, not just larger, than the economy of 2013. Understanding that we are dealing with an evolutionary rather than static economy has significant implications for the conceptu- alization of both economics and economic policy. Unfortunately, the two major economic doctrines that guide U.S. policymakers’ thinking—neoclassical economics and neo-Keynesian economics—are rooted in overly simplistic models of how the economy works and therefore generate flawed policy solutions. Because these doctrines emphasize the “economy as machine” model, policymakers have developed a mechanical view of policy; if they pull a lever (e.g., implement a regulation, program, or tax policy), they will get an expected result. In actuality, economies are complex evolutionary systems, which means en- abling and ensuring robust rates of evolution requires much more than the standard menu of favored options blessed by the prevailing doctrines: limiting government (for conservatives), protecting worker and “consumer” welfare (for liberals), and smoothing business cycles (for both). As economies evolve, so too do doctrines Any new economic and governing systems. After WWII when the framework for America’s United States was shifting from what Michael “fourth republic” needs Lind calls the second republic (the post-Civil War governance system) to the third republic to be grounded in an (the post-New-Deal, Great Society governance evolutionary understanding.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 the Knowledge-Based Economy Bob Jessop Institute for Advanced
    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Lancaster E-Prints The Knowledge-Based Economy Bob Jessop Institute for Advanced Studies Lancaster University Article prepared for Naked Punch http://www.nakedpunch.com/ Forthcoming Early 2008 1 The Knowledge-Based Economy Bob Jessop Thomas Friedman has recently informed us that, thanks to globalization, the world is flat but critics reply that the world is still very ‘spiky’ because of very real material, political, and cultural limits to globalization. Michael Porter continues to sell his high- priced patent recipes for improving economic competitiveness around the world, whether to cities, regions, or nations but, as his contribution to the most recent World Economic Forum Report on ‘global competitiveness’ shows, boosting and maintaining competitiveness is an uncertain snakes and ladders game. Indeed critics dismiss competitiveness as a ‘dangerous obsession’ or as a never-ending treadmill that obliges one to run ever faster to avoid falling behind. Yet ‘globalization’ and ‘competitiveness’ remain two of the most powerful economic narratives today with massive effects on all our lives. They figure especially strongly in constant references to the challenges posed by India and China as increasingly competitive global players in services and manufactures respectively and the corresponding imperative for advanced western economies to face this challenge by becoming more skilled and even smarter. In this and other respects, such narratives seem to make sense of a hypercomplex and runaway world that defies ready comprehension by providing simple, flexible, and productively vague stories that connect past, present, and future as a basis for path-shaping action.
    [Show full text]
  • The Future of the Capitalist State for Ngai-Ling the Future of the Capitalist State
    The Future of the Capitalist State For Ngai-Ling The Future of the Capitalist State Bob Jessop polity Copyright © Robert Jessop 2002 The right of Robert Jessop to be identified as author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published in 2002 by Polity Press in association with BlackweU Publishing Ltd. Editorial office; Polity Press 65 Bridge Street Cambridge CB2 lUR, UK Marketing and production: Blackwell Publishing Ltd 108 Cowley Road Oxford OX4 IJF, UK Distributed in the USA by Blackwell Publishing Inc. 350 Main Street Maiden, MA 02148, USA All rights reserved. Except for the quotation of short passages for the purposes of criticism and review, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. ISBN 0-7456-2272-0 ISBN 0-7456-2273-9 (pbk) A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library and has been applied for from the Library of Congress. Typeset in 10 on 12 pt Times by SNP Best-set Typesetter Ltd., Hong Kong Printed and bound in Great Britain by MPG Books Ltd, Bodmin, Cornwall For further information on Pohty, visit our website: http://www.polity.co.uk Contents List of Boxes viii List of Tables and Figure ix Preface x Abbreviations xii Introduction 1 1 Capitalism and the Capitalist Type of State 11 1 Capital as a Social Relation 12 2 Accumulation as a Principle of Societalization
    [Show full text]
  • Computers, Communications and the Wealth of Nations: Some Theoretical and Policy Considerations About an Information Economy, 4 Computer L.J
    The John Marshall Journal of Information Technology & Privacy Law Volume 4 Issue 1 Computer/Law Journal - Summer 1983 Article 4 Summer 1983 Computers, Communications and the Wealth of Nations: Some Theoretical and Policy Considerations about an Information Economy, 4 Computer L.J. 101 (1983) John C. Lautsch Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.law.uic.edu/jitpl Part of the Computer Law Commons, Internet Law Commons, Privacy Law Commons, and the Science and Technology Law Commons Recommended Citation John C. Lautsch, Computers, Communications and the Wealth of Nations: Some Theoretical and Policy Considerations about an Information Economy, 4 Computer L.J. 101 (1983) https://repository.law.uic.edu/jitpl/vol4/iss1/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by UIC Law Open Access Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in The John Marshall Journal of Information Technology & Privacy Law by an authorized administrator of UIC Law Open Access Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. COMPUTERS, COMMUNICATIONS AND THE WEALTH OF NATIONS: SOME THEORETICAL AND POLICY CONSIDERATIONS ABOUT AN INFORMATION ECONOMYt by JOHN C. LAUTSCH* The press and politicians increasingly describe the United States as entering a "post-industrial economic era." Entrepreneurs in the computer industry speak of a new "information economy." The Federal Privacy Protection Study Commission five years ago concluded that the United States is now an "information-dependent society." The exact meaning of these phrases remains unclear. They are based, however, on an idea that developments connected with integrated circuits, stemming from the invention of the transis- tor in 1948, have now provided the means for spreading computer power throughout society and that this is somehow changing the way wealth is generated.
    [Show full text]
  • Global Flows in a Digital
    McKinsey Global Institute McKinsey Global Institute Global flows in a digital trade, finance, How age: people, anddata connect worldthe economy April 2014 Global flows in a digital age: How trade, finance, people, and data connect the world economy The McKinsey Global Institute The McKinsey Global Institute (MGI), the business and economics research arm of McKinsey & Company, was established in 1990 to develop a deeper understanding of the evolving global economy. Our goal is to provide leaders in the commercial, public, and social sectors with the facts and insights on which to base management and policy decisions. MGI research combines the disciplines of economics and management, employing the analytical tools of economics with the insights of business leaders. Our “micro-to-macro” methodology examines microeconomic industry trends to better understand the broad macroeconomic forces affecting business strategy and public policy. MGI’s in-depth reports have covered more than 20 countries and 30 industries. Current research focuses on six themes: productivity and growth; natural resources; labor markets; the evolution of global financial markets; the economic impact of technology and innovation; and urbanization. Recent reports have assessed job creation, resource productivity, cities of the future, the economic impact of the Internet, and the future of manufacturing. MGI is led by three McKinsey & Company directors: Richard Dobbs, James Manyika, and Jonathan Woetzel. Michael Chui, Susan Lund, and Jaana Remes serve as MGI partners. Project teams are led by the MGI partners and a group of senior fellows, and include consultants from McKinsey & Company’s offices around the world. These teams draw on McKinsey & Company’s global network of partners and industry and management experts.
    [Show full text]
  • Lessons from a French Innovation in the Regulation of Interoperability Jane K
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by UW Law Digital Commons (University of Washington) University of Washington School of Law UW Law Digital Commons Articles Faculty Publications 2009 A New Deal for End Users? Lessons from a French Innovation in the Regulation of Interoperability Jane K. Winn University of Washington School of Law Nicolas Jondet Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.uw.edu/faculty-articles Part of the Administrative Law Commons, Intellectual Property Law Commons, and the Internet Law Commons Recommended Citation Jane K. Winn and Nicolas Jondet, A New Deal for End Users? Lessons from a French Innovation in the Regulation of Interoperability, 51 Wm. & Mary L. Rev. 547 (2009), https://digitalcommons.law.uw.edu/faculty-articles/141 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Publications at UW Law Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Articles by an authorized administrator of UW Law Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. William & Mary Law Review Volume 51 | Issue 2 Article 7 A New Deal for End Users? Lessons From a French Innovation in the Regulation of Interoperability Jane Winn Nicolas Jondet Repository Citation Jane Winn and Nicolas Jondet, A New Deal for End Users? Lessons From a French Innovation in the Regulation of Interoperability, 51 Wm. & Mary L. Rev. 547 (2009), http://scholarship.law.wm.edu/ wmlr/vol51/iss2/7 Copyright c 2009 by the authors. This article is brought to you by the William & Mary Law School Scholarship Repository.
    [Show full text]