June 6, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18191 By Mr. RANGEL (for himself, 'Mr. Qum, Mr. "RAU.SBACK, Mr. RHODES, MEMORIALS WOU'F, Mr. RODINO, Mr. STARK, Mr. Mr. RIEGLE, Mr. ROBERTS, Mr. Ros YATES, Mr. YATRON, Mr. YOUNG of TENKOWSKI, Mr. ROY, Mr. ST GER• Under clause 4 of rule XXII, Georgia, Mr. YouNG of South Caro MAIN, .Mr. SCHERLE, Mr. SKUBITZ, Mr. 497. The SPEAKER presented .a. memorial lina, an,· Mr. ZION) : SMITH of Iowa. and Mr. LUKEN): .of the Legislature of the State of West Vir H. Con. Res. 530. Concurrent resolution H. Con. Res. 533. Concurrent resolution for ginia, relative to the tax-exenu>t status of for negotiations on the Turkish opium ban; negotiations on the Turkish opium ban; to State and local bonds for federally aided to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. the Oommittee on Foreign Affairs. projects; to the Committee on Government By Mr. WOLFF (for himself, Mr. Operations. By :Mr. STEELE: RANGEL, Mr. RODINO, Mr. THORNTON, H. Con. Res. 531. Concurrent resolution Mr. TIERNAN, Mr. VANDER VEEN, Mr. expressing the sense of Congress concerning VIGORITO, Mr. WAGGONNER, Mr. recognition by the European Security Con• WHITE, Mr. . CHARLES WILSON Of PRIVATE BILLS AND .RESOLUTIONS ference of the Soviet Union's occupation of Texas, and Mr. McEWEN) : Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania; to the Com H. Con. Res. 534. A resolution for negotia Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private mittee on Foreign Affairs. tions on the Turkish opium ban; to the Com bills and resolutions were introduced and By Mr. WOLFF (for himself, Mr. RAN· mittee on Foreign Affairs. GEL, Mr. RODINO, Mr. ASPIN, Mr. BEN severallY referred as follows: By Mr. ASPIN: By Mr. BURGENER: ITEZ, Mr. BOLAND, Mr. BLATNIK, Mr. H. Res. 1162. Resolution requesting a sur H.R. 15286. A bill for the relief of Maria BOWEN, Mr. BROYHILL of Virginia, vey of the shoreline of Lake Michigan; to the Mrs. BURKE of California, Mr. CAR• Sylvia Macias Elliott; to the Committee on Committee on Public Works. NEY of Ohio, Mr. DEL CLAWSON, Mr. By Mr. STEELE: the Judiciary. CONTE, Mr. COTTER, Mr. CRANE, Mr. H. Res. 1163. Resolution to create a stand By Mr. McCO.LLIST.ER: DINGELL, Mr. DU PONT, Mr. EDWARDS ing Committee on Small Business; to the H.R. 15287. A bill for the .relief of Steve P. of California, Mr. ESCH, Mr. FuLTON, Committee on Rules. Reese; to the Committee on the J-udiciary. Mr. GOLDWATER, Mr. GONZALEZ, Mr. By Mr. YATES (for himself, Mr. GRAY, Mr. HOGAN, and Mr. HUNGATE) : BROWN of Michigan, Mr. LAGO MAR• H. Con. Res. 532. Concurrent resolution for SINO, Mr. MAZZOLI, Mr. OWENS, Mr. negotiations on the Turkish opium ban; to PIKE, and Mr. ROONEY of Pennsyl the Committee on Foreign Affairs. vania): PETITIONS, ETC. By Mr. WOLFF (for himself, Mr. H. Res. 1164. Resolution providing for tele Under clause 1 of rule XXII, RANGEL, Mr. RODINO, Mr. KING, Mr. vision and radio coverage of proceedings in LUJAN, Mr. McKAY, Mr. MATHIAS of 443. The SPEAKER present~d a petition the Chamber of the House of Repreesntatives of Miro Nohavec, Franklin Lakes, N.J., rela California, Mr. MILLER, Mr. MINSHALL on any resolution to impeach the President of Ohio, Mr. MIZELL, Mr. MOAKLEY, of the United States; to the Committee on tive to redress of grievances; to the Com Mr. MONTGOMERY, Mr. PERKINS, Mr. Rules. mittee on the Judiciary.
EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS WATERBURY, CONN., TERCENTEN have led to great accomplishments for The week long tercentennial celebra NIAL their city, their State, and the Nation. tion, which started Saturday, reflects the Always, the people of Waterbury have innovation and the creative verve that been forward-looking and progressive in have long been key moving forces in the HON. ELLA T. GRASSO dividuals. Their deep love of country and development of Waterbury. The celebra OF CONNECTICUT concern for their fellow Americans is evi tion is being marked by impressive pag IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dent in their hard work and diligence in eants depicting Waterbury life, and in Wednesday, June 5, 1974 pursuit of the common welfare. volving thousands of the city's citizens Waterbury was originally a farming ranging from the very old to the very Mrs. GRASSO. Mr. Speaker, this week settlement. Yet, by the early 1800's in young. Other events include a carnival, citizens of Waterbury, Conn., are cele dustrialization had begun. The town's an Arts and Crafts Day, Ladies Day and brating the 300th anniversary of their first manufactured goods were buttons a Young America Day, with sports, city. made by the Waterbury Button Co., gymnastic ,exhibitions and the presenta It was in 1674 that 31 young men from which is still in existence today. The but tion of awards from the President's Farmington petitioned the colonial tons were originally made out of cloth Physical Fitness Program. One day will council for permission to settle in what covered corn, but, because the company be devoted to an exhibit on local in was then called Mattatuck, a wilderness began supplying the military, sturdy and dustry. region in western Connecticut. decorative metal brass became the mate On June 9, the .final day of the cele The men were delayed in their work rial used for the buttons. The use of bration, Waterbury will hold a parade for several years by the Indian wars brass for buttons represented one of the with 23,000 marchers, 54 marching which swept the region. However, they important first steps in Waterbury's road bands and 50 floats. The line of march showed the same industriousness that to becoming "Brass City of the World," will be nearly 3 % miles long, and the characterizes the citizens of Waterbury a. designation reflected in the city's mot parade will last almost 4 hoursA .It will to this day. Indeed, with stunning success to "Quid Aere Perennius?"-"What 1s be the largest parade that Connecticut they fulfilled the requirements of the more lasting than brass?" and possibly New England has ever seen. original deed to their settlement which Waterbury industry did not stop with At this gala time, a significant point stipulated that they were to build within buttons or brass. however. In 1841, just in Waterbury's history, I wish the hard 4 years of issuance a "good and fashion 6 years after D.aguerre, a photographic working people of Waterbury continued able" house, "with a good chimney." A pioneer, finished his experiments in achievement and good luck in the years short time later the town's name was France, Waterbury was the prime sup ahead. changed to Waterbury-the name it bears plier of photographic plates and equip today. ment used in the United States. Water Waterbury's tercentennial is a joyous bury, together with nearby Thomaston, OLDER AMERICANS celebration-commemorating three cen became important centers of the clock turies of progress and productivity. It is a marvelous milestone in the history of industry in America. HON. WAYNE OWENS this fine city. Though no longer the singular power OF UTAH As with so many Connecticut cities, in the world of brass that it was in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES past, Waterbury has developed a strong Waterbury's greatest resource is its peo Wednesday, June 5, 1974 ple. Through the years, succeeding waves and diversified economic base, including of sturNEW YORK guidance and tax laws which cast an crimination in acquiring housing. The IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES unfair burden upon the aged. Congress also authorized $3 billion for Wednesday, June 5, 1974 Many returns are filed without tax low-rental, low-cost housing for senior Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, one of the counseling and without claim of legit citizens. I supported this legislation. The most serious problems facing our elderly imate exclusions, exemptions, and de President has impounded these critical citizens today is malnutrition. The sharp ductions which reduce the tax properly funds and thereby prevented the start of increases in the cost of food and other due. An estimated 50 percent of all older a program to implement the goal of the essentials is making it increasingly more Americans are paying more taxes than 1971 White House Conference on Aging difficult for senior citizens to buy nutri the law requires. Under present tax laws for 120,000 housing units per year. These tious foods. This fact, combined with the on retirement income credits, an elderly funds should be released and put to work inability of many old people to -prepare taxpayer can deduct from final taxes 15 immediately for new construction. their food because of physical infirmity percent of up to $1,524 of his retirement I strongly favor passage of the Housing has led to the serious problem of mal income-up to $2,286 for a couple. An and Community Development Act of nutrition which exists today. estimated 50 percent of persons entitled 1974. Programs revised, assisted, and es The meals on wheels program and the to this credit do not avail themselves of tablished by this act would provide free hot lunch program which are pres it. Many elderly persons do not utilize 117,500 single family and multifamily ently in operation go a long way to help the benefits of section 121 of the Internal housing units for the elderly. meet the serious problem of malnutrition Revenue Code relating to gain from the In addition, the Department of Hous among the elderly. It is, therefore, es sale or exchange of a residence by an ing and Urban Development should be sential that Congress continue to fund individual 65 or older. directed to put to productive use, with these worthy programs. The Internal Revenue Service is mak particular attention to the needs of older I am taking the liberty of placing in ing belated efforts to provide assistance. Americans, the many units of foreclosed the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD an editorial In 1973 the IRS trained 2,500 elderly tax or dilapidated housing under its juris which recently was aired on WINS Radio counselors as part of its volunteer income diction. A number of cities, led by Wil in New York City regarding the role tax assistance-VITA-program. The mington, Del., have initiated programs which the hot lunch and meals on wheels program provides not only tax counsel for selling or leasing condemned build programs play in New York City, for the ing, but also promotes productive use of ings at little or no cost in return for full benefit of my colleagues: time by many senior citizens. I support renovation of the premises by the pur legislation introduced in Congress to chaser or lessee. To meet particular prob OLDER ADULT LUNCHEON CLUBS continue this most beneficial program. lems of the aged, the unused units could (By Robert W. Dickey, general manager) Property taxes have increased over 50 be transferred at nominal cost to non One of the most serious problems faced by profit organizations for repair and re many elderly persons 1s malnutrition caused percent since January 1969. The crush by inadequate, unbalanced diets. These peo ing burden falls particularly on elderly modeling for sale or lease at reasonable ple have been seriously hurt by rising food people with fixed incomes. I have intro sums to older Americans. prices which restrict the kinds of food they duced H.R. 13090, the Emergency Prop RESEARCH can afford to buy. erty Tax Relief Act, to decrease the real Funds allocated for research on aging In addition, many of them who are in poor property tax burden of low- and moder are insufficient. Limited experiments are health or llve alone lack either the abllity ate-income individuals who have at or the incentive to prepare proper meals for already yielding important results. themselves. That's why we think that pro tained age 65. This bill encourages State A few weeks ago, I was pleased to sup grams like New York City's "Older Adult and local governments to reform their port the establishment of a National In Luncheon Clubs" are so important. real property tax systems, and provides stitute on Aging as a new division of the Mayor Abraham Beame recently announced tax relief to homeowners and renters in National Institutes of Health. Similar the opening of 31 such fac1lities in a program the form of tax credits, refunds, or legislation passec the Congress in 1972, which the city hopes eventually wlll serve rebates. but was pocket vetoed by the President. free hot lunches to 10,000 elderly New York · Maximum limits of retirement income ers. We think this program is a great idea. The Institute will have responsibility to By the end of June, there should be 60 qualifying for the retirement income first, assess the biological, medical, and such clubs in neighborhoods throughout the credit are $1,524 for an individual and psychological aspects of aging on all city which have large numbers of low-income $2,286 for a joint return. Congress is con- programs for the aging administered or elderly persons. These clubs operated by 18194: EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 6, 1974 churches, voluntary agencies, community TIMA had in its efforts to comply with the Vietnamese or the Vietcong until they groups or the city parks department offer l'aw, the Secretary of HEW chose to ignore abide by provisions of the Paris Peace companionship ,as well as nutritious lunches. our position and sliced Texas into nine In addition, meals on wheels will be deliv regions resulting 1n non support of health Treaty and peace agreement of Septem ered to shut-ins in each neighborhood.. The providers, disruption of service and referr_al ber 14, 1973. program ls financed by the Federal Govern patterns, casting away a. sound, logical, These provisions require that the ment under the Older Americans Act with feasible, economical approach and placed North Vietnamese and Vietcong submit 10% matching funds from the city. the entire PSRO Program in Texas on a a complete and accurate accounting of The House of Representatives already has course that leaves little hope of success and our men who were prisoners of war or appropriated more money for programs of more likely one not in the best interest of listed as missing in action. this kind, and this legislation now awaits the patient whose interest it was supposed There have been grave inconsistencies Senate action. We think that this is one ap to serve ... propriation bill that merits prompt Senate The Texas Medical Association remains in North Vietnamese and Vietcong re approval. firmly committed to the principle of peer ports to date. The Communists would review under professional direction and will have us believe that they have released continue our efforts to expand and improve and accounted for all our men. However, PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS our existing peer review, based upon princi they have rnleased pictures of U.S. serv REVIEW ples of sound medical practice and docu icemen whom they once claimed were mentable objective criteria, so as to certify prisoners of war, but who were not that objective review of quality and utiliza among the POW's released. Nor were HON. RICHARD C. WHITE tion does take place. Because the PSRO there bodies among those that have been OF TEXAS provision of the law and the Secretary of HEW through his actions have in effect returned so far. IN THE HOUSE OP' REPRESENTATIVES placed into motion forces which wlll dis Failure of the North Vietnamese and Wednesday, June 5, 1974 mantle these programs of proven effective the Vietcong to comply fully with the ness and inhibit the improvement of existing treaty provisions by not only refusing to Mr. Wfil'l*E. Mr. Speaker, recent de peer review programs, we feel our recom provide information on our men or assist cisions by the Secretary of Health, Ed mendations ... are justifiable ..." our search teams, but by actually am ucation, and Welfare regarding the area CHARLES B. DRYDEN, M.D., bushing and killing members of those designations of Professional Standards President, Texas Medical Association. teams, renders any U.S. aid to them un Review Organizations - PSRO - have JoHN M. SMITH, Jr., :M:.D., Chairman, Board of Trustees. reasonable, unpatriotic, and a slap in the caused some Members to support legis face to the proud families of our heroic lation which would repeal the PSRO sec JOSEPH T. AINSWORTH, M.D., Chairman, Council on Medical Legislation. .servicemen. tion of Public Law 92-603. JOSEPH T. PAINTER, MD., I am pleased and proud that I could Some States, like Texas, had already Chairman, TIMA Steering Committee. join in cosponsoring this bill. I believe established statewide PSRO units which that all Americans share our concern for adopted all of the criteria and guidelines . TIMA has established an organiza our men missing in action. This resolu laid down by the statute and the Depart tion which can qualify under the terms of tion should be a firm indication to the ment. Yet, the Secretary has seen :flt to the law as a PSRO. We have developed a pro Communists that we have not forgotten divide those States into areas which posal which will expedite With greater econ our MIA's. cause, among others, administrative omy in Texas the PSRO provisions of PL. complications. Consider for example, the 92-603. Our proposal emphasizes local re sponsiblllty for PSRO. The proposal ls a problems caused for multi-located medi product of overwhelming, grass-roots sup U.S. FOREIGN AID FOR THE SOVIETS cal schools, each of which location falls port from all aspects of the health profes in a different HEW PSRO area. sional spectrum. The bill I introduced with my col In turn, we have asked for a single, state HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK leagues yesterday would allow States al wide PSRO With the flexibility to subdivide OF OHIO ready in compliance with the law to op into local functions of review according to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES erate on a statewide PSRO basis. the medical service patterns of our large Wednesday, June 5, 1974 To further illustrate the need for this state and in those ways to Insure effective and genuine cooperation from local pro legislation, I would like to share with you Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, the re viders ... cent approval of a $180-million credit to pertinent excerpts from letters I received We understand that the states of Georgia. from the Texas Medical Association and the Soviet Union by the U.S. Export and Washington ... have been designated Import Bank is one more example of the the Texas Institute f 01· Medical Assess as single statewide PSROs. TIMA has of ment: fered a legitimate, in our judgment, third United States giving foreign aid to that Communist power. That is correct, the • • • As you are aware, representatives of model for PSRO which should be tested. the American Medical Association and the PSRO needs the cooperatlon of providers present credit is nothing but foreign aid. Texas Medical Association testifted as to the 1f it ls to succeed, and it must not disrupt Why? The reasons are obvious with a few potential deleterious effects of this law on service and referral _patterns. TIMA has done minutes thought. the quality, confidentiality and costs of med its repeated best to persuade OPSR and HEW The U.S. Eximbank is lending money ical care before tbe Senate Finance Commit that Texas does have unique circumstances to the Soviets at 6-percent interest. The tee and the House Ways and Means Commit which justify the TIMA proposal. U.S. Government is paying more than tee prior to its adoption in 1972. In conver JOSEPH T. PAINTER, M.D., that to borrow money. Of course, you Chairman, TIMA Steering Committee. sations with various members of Congress it I has been confirmed to us that due to the and cannot hope to borrow money any time frame of the passage of H.R. 1 that all where near that interest rate. Nonethe ramUications ot the PSRO section were not WE HA VE NOT FORGOTTEN less, the Soviet regime is able to get fully comprehendible . . . OUR MIA'S American taxpayer-subsidized credits at Since the enactment of the PSRO section, a rate that U.S. citizens are unable to the AMA and TMA have recognized their borrow at. responsiblllties and have attempted to pro HON. JOHN B. CONLAN While the Soviets are obtaining fo1·eign vide leadership in the PSRO Program to as OF ARIZONA aid from the United States, they, in pur sure that the best interest of the public and the medical pro!ession are preserved. You are IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES suance of their own goals, are granting aware that the TMA in coperation with vir Wednesday, June 5, 1974 aid and giving loans to other countries. tually every -pr.o!essional health organization At the same time the United States was in Texas formed the Texas Institute for Med Mr. CONLAN. Mr. Speaker, I am very granting the Soviets a $180 million loan, ical Assessment (TIMA) to establish an or pleased that the House of Representa the Soviets were granting Argentina a ganization which does qualify With all terms tives this week passed without opposi $600-million credit. of PL. 92-«>3 to become a statewide PSRO. tion House Concurrent Resolution 271 Some have been arguing that the This organization had the active support of concerning the status of U.S. military United States must give loans to the 24: o! 26 members of the Texas Delegation in men missing in action or p1·esumed dead Congress fDr which we are grateful. You have Soviets in order to sell our goods to them. also been made .aware of the support that in Southeast Asia. It seems that Britain and West Germany 92% of the health providers of Texas gave to This bill requires U.S. officials to ,end must be better businessmen. West Ger the TIMA proposal as evidenced. by a poll consideration of aid, trade, diplomatie many got the Soviets to pay $1 billion made in J'anuary of this year. recognition, or any other communication. in cash for a steel plant even though the In spite of the fact of all the support travel, or accommodation with the North Soviets originally wanted loans. A Brit- June 6, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18195 ish firm is receiving $48 million in cash In 1967 he was transferred to SS. Cyril Russian Jew who has managed to leave, for a new plastics firm. Why must the and Methodius, Deer Park, where he or to hear of their experiences, to under U.S. Eximbank be providing subsidized served as assistant pastor until his pres stand the reality of the equation govern loans at rates unobtainable in the United ent appointment as pastor of Our Lady ing the lives of their coreligionists. Yet States? of Mercy in 1969. there are those who would play down Has the time not passed that the Father Casey was born in New York in their experiences and seek to def use the United States should be financing its 1923, and attended St. John's Prep, efforts we are making on behalf of the enemies? At a time that inflation is rag Brooklyn, Cathedral College and the Im right to emigrate. ing at home, I cannot understand how maculate Conception Seminary. On all sides, within and without the anyone can defend subsidizing the Soviet Reflecting on his 25 years as a priest, Jewish community, there are heard Union with American tax money. Father Casey said he hopes to "keep on voices saying that we are making too At this point I include in the RECORD serving the people" of Long Island. much of the thing-that things are excerpts from an editorial in the Pitts Father Casey will celebrate a Mass of changing, that too great a fuss has been burgh Press of May 26, 1974. Thanksgiving to mark his silver jubilee made, that we should ease off. Fortu [From the Pittsburgh Press, May 26, 1974] at 2: 15 p.m., June 9, at Our Lady of nately, their views have not prevailed. AVAILABILITY OF RUSSIAN CASH NOTED Mercy Church. And they shall not prevail. We shall "In a. foolish and unnecessary foreign-a.id I join with my colleagues in extend never rest until everyone of these people blunder, the Nixon administration has ing Reverend Casey our congratulations seeking the right to live freely has the granted a. $180 million loan to the Soviet and best wishes on this joyous occasion opportunity to do so. We shall continue Union to help finance a huge fertilizer com for his service to God and community. to stand up to those vested interests here plex there. in the United States who have tried to "The loan was made by the Export-Import cut off the concern for Soviet Jewry at Bank on instructions from President Nixon. "It carried the bargain interest rate of 6 the roots. per cent. Six per cent at a time when the THE JEWS OF RUSSIA ARE NOT Who are these people? Mainly those most creditworthy American corporations FORGOTTEN large interests who seek to profit from must pay about twice as much to borrow doing business with the Soviet Union. money! HON. FRANK J. BRASCO Armand Hammer of Occidental Petro "In an effort to justify its dubious deal, leum opposes freedom for Soviet Jewry the Ex-Im Bank points out that the credit OF NEW YORK because he is in love with profit at any will help U.S. companies export $400 million IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in goods for the fertilizer project and even cost. Mr. Kendall, president of Pepsico, tually will bring 'needed fertilizer to the U.S.' Wednesday, June 5, 1974 opposes us because it is more important "All that may be true but it misses a basic Mr. BRASCO. Mr. Speaker, a number in his eyes to sell Pepsi-Cola in Russia point: of years ago, before too many people than for America to stand up for human "By granting credit to the Soviet Union at freedom. Still other, well meaning but half the rate charged domestically and to remembered that they were still alive and suffering in the Soviet Union, I and totally misguided groups seek to oppose many friendly countries, the U.S. taxpayer freedom of emigration because to them, ls subsidizing and giving foreign aid to the a number of other concerned Americans Kremlin's industrial base. raised the question of the plight of Rus sacrificing the freedom of Russia's Jews "There is nothing wrong with expanding sia's 3% million Jews. We encountered a seems to be a way of pursuing the will-of trade with Moscow in nonstrategic items. large amount of indifference and a cer the-wisp of world peace and disarma But financing that trade with long-term tain amount of hostility, even in circles ment. All are doomed to failure in their loans at sweetheart rates is indefensible. where we might have expected the great efforts in the short run. "It may be news to the White House, but it Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. said: isn't to the U.S. intelligence agencies, that est concern. the Soviet Union can well afford to pay cash As history reveals, our effort persisted. No man is free until all men are free. or to arrange for normal commercial credits First the young people took it upon them I believe that this is as worthy a goal as for what it wants to buy in this country. selves to arouse the conscience of the "Russia tried to pull an 'Ex-Im' type deal Nation's Jewish community. After that it world peace. Neither is possible without on West Germany for an iron and steel com became a matter of massaging America's the other. When man is free, then his bine in Kursk. But when Bonn remained national conscience. To the credit of our mind will be free, and world peace will firm, Moscow agreed in March to pay $1 bil become a possible dream. Until then, we lion in cash for the project. country, the cause of Soviet Jewry has must continue to batter at the gates of "Similarly, it is paying $48 million in cash become nationally known and today com dictatorships until our voices are heard to a British firm for a new plastics plant. mands the sympathy of all thoughtful, within and those 1.mprisoned within can "Only this month the Soviet Union gave compassionate Americans. emerge into the broad sunlit uplands of Argentina. $600 million in credit for a vast Let it be known that our efforts have electric power project. not been for nothing. Embodied in legis human dignity. Today that situation does "Can anyone explain why Russia should lation, they are largely responsible for not prevail for the Jews of Russia. get a $180 million loan from the United the Soviet's grudging release of some On June 2, we celebrated National Sol States when Russia can afford to lend Ar idarity Sunday to reaffirm American sup gentina $600 million?" thousands of their Jewish citizens. Yet the grudging manner in which this has port for Jews in Russia. Under the co been done should tell us that the moment ordination of the National Conference our energies flag, then will the Russian on Soviet Jewry, communities across the SILVER JUBILEE OF THE REVEREND United States sponsored events in which JOHN P. CASEY regime crack down on all activities and shut the door in the faces of those who Americans of all religious faiths and diesperately seek the chance to leave ethnic backgrounds expressed their feel HON. ANGELO D. RONCALLO Russia. ings of solidarity for Soviet Russia's Jews. Today, all across the face of Russia, Let it be noted that in the :first 4 months OF NEW YORK of 1974, permitted emigration was more IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Jewish and like-minded activists chal lenge the might of the Soviet state at than 30 percent below the emigration Wednesday, June 5, 1974 their peril. Thousands and perhaps hun rate allowed for 1973. Harassment of Mr. RONCALLO of New York. Mr. dreds of thousands, rot in Soviet prisons, those applying for exit visas has in- Speaker, the Reverend John P. Casey, victims of Soviet brutality and martyrs . creased, and this takes extreme physical pastor of Our Lady of Mercy Church to their own beliefs. The plight of Valery forms. Only our voices can make a dif slncc 1969, will celebrate the 25th an Panov and his wife immediately comes to ference. niversary of his ordination June 11. mind. Yet we must recollect that he and Elie Wiesel has written and spoken elo Father Casey spent the first 18 years his wife are only the most visible of many quently o:t: the holocaust in World War of his priestly life as an assistant pastor thousands of Soviet citizens whose only II, when Hitler's Germany murdered 6 of St. Hugh's Church, Huntington Sta crime is to want to live as Jews in Israel. million innocent Jews. He has spoken tion. Anyone who denigrates their situation or in his messages of the crime of silence. While at St. Hugh's, Father Casey also the state of mind prevailing in Russia Abraham Lincoln stated that-- served as the advocate and procurator today lives in a world of self-delusion. To sit in silence when we must speak out of the diocesan tribunal. One has only to look into the face of a makes cowards out of men. 18196 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 6, 1974 America has always spoken out against not malnly in how much we spend. It is Whatever the sacrifices. they will be morally bankrupt acts and regimes, be In how much we spend that we do not much less painful than the consequences they abroad or at home. This is such a have. of inaction. And those consequences are time for us to make our voices heard If the Government were to spend $2 becoming harsher every month we delay. above the tumult of society. It 1s an a-ct billion Jess than it took in and apply that that lifts us and our cause to a greater $2 billion to a reduction in the national height than those who oppress the inno debt, the effect would be deflationary. cent. The Jews of silence look to us for And if the general public were en TWO MORE CHURCHES FAVOR THE such an act of affirmation. couraged to pay off $2 billion of its cur LEGAL OPTION OF ABORTION rent $150 billion of outstanding install ment debt this year instead of adding to it, the combined effect of these two ac HON.RONALD V. DELLUMS INFLATION: A TIME FOR ACTION tions would predictably begin to bring OF CALIFORNIA prices back down. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. BILL ALEXAN'DER This year the Federal Government is Wednesday, June 5, 1974 paying $27 .8 billion in interest on the na OF ABXANSAS Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, I would IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tional debt. That means you and I and the rest of the American taxpayers are like to express again my deep concern for Wednesday, June 5, 1974 paying this amount as a penalty for hav the basic human right of each woman in this country to decide when to have her Mr. ALEXANDER. Mr. Speaker, un ing borrowed in previous years. doubtedly the most critical problem con There are two ways to reverse this self own children. I believe that no woman fronting this Nation today is inflation destructive trend. One course of action should be forced to bear an unwanted rests with enactment of the Budget Con child. the rapid recent rise in the cost of living. Abortion should be available to all In the early months of 1974, the Con trol and Impoundment Act of 1973, now sumer Price Index was rising at an an passed by both Houses of Congress and women without restriction by law or con nual rate of approximately 11 percent, awaiting final action in a conference stitutional amendment. Affluent Ameri dipping a heavy hidden hand into the committee. cans have always had access to safe pockets of every American family. Through this legislation, Congress for abortions-young, poor, minority wom Some of our economic advisers have the first time will have a positive vehicle en, however. if denied a legal abortion. taken the view that, if left alone, the dis to commit itself not only to the stoppage are too often forced to seek abortions ease will run its course and disappear. of deficit creation, but also the budget from unskilled quacks or by some self That may be fine for a common cold, but ing of a definite amount each year as a induced means. it is no good for pneumonia-and the payment on the national debt. A large number of individuals and present rate of inflation is clearly assum This bill, which I have actively sup organizations have expressed their sup ing the symptoms of the latter. ported and spoken for in the House, pro port for safeguarding the legal option of Others stick doggedly to the belief that vides for the establishment at the be abortion. I would like at this time to higher interest rates are a cure. Yet this ginning of each Congress of a definite include in the RECORD recent resolutions oniy adds fuel to the fire. It simply con expenditure ceiling. Should total appro from the General Board of American tributes another layer of cost to every priations exceed this ceiling, every gov Baptist Churches in the U.S.A. and from commodity in the marketplace. ernment program would be cut back by the Social Action Commission for Re The average rate of interest has inched the same percentage to assure that the formed Judaism. Both resolutions are upward to almost twice the level of 5 ceiling is not exceeded. based upon a concern that the free exer years ago. And every time the interest By including in each budget a specific cise of individual conscience and reli :..·q,te has been allowed to rise, the cost of amount for debt reduction, Congress gious belief is threatened by the proposed living has risen with it. would finally be in a position to guaran constitutional amendments which would High interest has not discouraged peo tee some annual progress on this long prohibit abortion: ple from going into debt. It has just made deferred and increasingly imperative MOTION FROM THE COMMITTEE ON CHRISTIAN it almost impossible for anybody to get goal UNITY, AnOPrED BY THE GENERAL BOARD, out of debt. The second means of reversing the FEBRUARY 24, 1974 Debt is the principal cause of inflation. spiraling inflationary trend lies in the The General Board of American Baptist Individually and collectivelY-in our pri collection of delinquent international Churches in the USA feels it is imperative vate lives and in our governmental life debts. Zeroing in on international debts to address itself to the current efforts of Americans have been on a credit card the National Conference of Catholic Bishops is a must since these debts hurt the in the U.S.A. to seek a Constitutional Amend binge. American taxpayers in three ways. First, ment through the Congress and the States Private installment debt-not counting since the Federal Government does not to nullify the January, 1973 decision of the public debt-stands today at $150 billion, have this money available to apply to United States Supreme Court on abortion. 10 times the total of 20 years ago. When costs in the national budget, the taxpayer 1. Encouraged by the mutual understand you add mortgage debt. the American bas to cough up higher levies. Second, ing and cooperation toward which Roman people will shell out this year some $54 taxpayers are penalized when the Fed Catholics and Protestants have been moving billion in Interest charges on delayed eral Government, because of the vacuum during the past decade, we are nevertheless payments. impelled to express a divergent view regard caused by the failure of countries to pay ing the Constitutional Amendment before Is it -any wonder then that there is the debts they justly owe us, is forced to the Senate Subcommittee on Constitutional scarcely enough left over for groceries? borrow money at high interest rates. Amendments on March 7, 1974. And is it any wonder that Government And finally. taxpayers suffer long-term 2. We acknowledge the legal right o! all has come to expect an annual increase in injury when the United States gives the individuals and groups, both religious and the national debt? impression to other countries that the secular, to seek the enactment of laws which Last yeur the President submitted to men making decisions at the top are reflect the values they hold to be necessary Congress a proposed budget which called such poor economic managers they do to the exercJse of their freedom and on be for a $12.7 billion deficit. Congress re not insist on timely payment of debts . . half of the common welfare. However, we be duced the total outgo. principally by lieve that the present national effort of the At present we are drifting toward the National Conference of Catholi-0 Bishops in cutting about $5 billion from military double danger of inflation and recession. the U.S.A. to coerce the conscience and per and foreign aid. Thus the total deficit But there is a way back to economic sonal freedom o! our citizens through th'6 forecast has been d1minished by -some health and sanity. The Budget Control power of public law in matters of human $8 billion, and lt appears now that we and Impoundment Act, though it may reproduction constitutes a serious threat to will end the ftscal year going only $4. 7 require some degree of sacrifice on the that moral and religious liberty so highly bi1lion in the red. prized by Baptists a.nd so long protected for part of the Government and the public, all people under the na.tion•s policy of the But U\&t is exactly $4. 7 billion too and collection of outstanding interna separation of church and state. much. tional debts are two roads to a sound 3. We recognlz,e the moral ambiguities in The inflationary impact of spending is economy. volved for many people, including American June 6, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18197 Baptists, in .the birth control and abortion I believe that Sy Goldberg deserves May 1974 issue of Nation's Business, with issues. We are nevertheless saddened when recognition for his innovative e1f orts, on my colleagues, and insert it into the REC such crusades seek the passage of laws which behalf of both the senior citizens in my ORD at this time: violates the theological and moral sensitiv ities, and hence the freedom, of other church district and the businessmen with whom BUSINESS FACES THE FIGHT OF ITS LIFE bodies. All must be given their constitutional he works. {By Senator BARRY M. GOLDWATER) rights in a. free society to guide and assist The American private enterprise system their constituencies in formulating a respon especially its basic industry segment--is sible life style in matters of sexual expres BUSINESS FACES THE FIGHT OF headed for new and serious trouble in sion and family planning. ITS LIFE - Congress. 4. We affirm freedom of conscience for all In fact, the threat of crippling anti-busi but object to an appeal to the state which ness legislation is now greater than at any could coerce all citizens to accept a moral HON. PHILIP M. CRANE previous time in my experience. The going judgment affirmed by one member of the OF ILLINOIS over that representatives of the oil industry body of Christ. We urge a continuation of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES got recently in a Senate committee is only dialogue with our Roman Catholic brothers the beginning. From now on, you can expect and sisters on this and other matters. Let Wednesday, June 5, 1974 to see a constant parade of corporate wit us seek a common understanding of the Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, rather than nesses going to Capitol Hill to be badgered mind of Christ, and let us listen to each and blamed for a growing list of problems other in love. hailing the fact that our American sys which are not only affecting the nation's We therefore request our General Secre tem of free enterprise has made our economy, but interfering wit h the con tary to communicate this concern to the country the most prosperous in the world, veniences of the average American. appropriate Roman Catholic leadership in with wealth more widely diffused than These problems, like comparable ones be the hope that the progress and strides which in any other place, we have, instead, wit fore them, have been seized upon lby the have been made in the area of Christian nessed a mounting attack upon American liberal-radical element in Congress, in the unity may continue. business and industry. private sector and in the academic com In an age when more and more indi munit y which would like to bring about the STATEMENT OF SOCIAL ACTION COMMISS ION nationalization of :American business. viduals :find the need for scapegoats, In the current drive for government FOR REFORMED JUDAISM American business has been discovered ownership of business, the oil industry just At a recent meeting of the Social Action as a prime villain which can be blamed happened to be the first juicy target for the Commission for Reformed Juda.ism, the Com for all of our many problems, whether liberal-leftist cabal. And already we know mission reaffirmed its support of abortion environmental, ecological, racial, or from signs that are evident in all parts of rights and of the Supreme Court decision. energy. the nation that today's energy crisis will be The Commission expressed its deep concern tomorrow's steel crisis, and tomorrow's steel over the effort of certain groups to overturn How ironical that the oil companies crisis will be the next day's crisis for the the decision and the gradual erosion of the have been blamed by politicians for an entire competitive enterprise system. civil liberties of Americans by such an act. energy shortage created almost solely in I am not sure the !business community They urged their synagogues to join local Washington by Government import has ever faced a situation just like the one and state-wide coalitions of Christians and quotas, price controls, and other similar that confronts it today. Our problem seems Jews being formed by the Religious Coali interferences in the market. Just as dem to be one involving too much of what Ameri tion for Abortion Rights to support the Su agogs in other countries have used ra can business has always held beneficial. preme Court decision. What I'm saying is that there is too much cial and religious minorities as the scape growth, too much demand, and too little goats for national difficulties, so in our supply. The system is faltering under a series own country business and industry has of badly handled shortages and is under been assigned this unfortunate position. attack by all its old socialistic enemies. SENIOR CITIZENS DISCOUNT CLUB Demagoguery is the same, however, Unfortunately, much of the present drive whether its targets are racial minorities against business is fueled by public anger. or business enterprises. The claim of some spokesmen come to the HON. JOSHUA EILBERG Discussing this state of affairs Senator nation's capital to testify before committees OF PENNSYLVANIA BARRY GOLDWATER recently wrote: of Congress when the problems affecting IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES their businesses are especially grave. But The threat of crippling anti-business leg they seem, inva.rialbly, to be the most poorly Wednesday, June 5, 1974 islation is now greater than at any previous organized, poorly informed group of wit time in my experience.... From now on, you nesses in the whole country. It is not that Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, on May l, can expect to see a. constant parade of corpo they don't understand their businesses, not 1974, the Roosevelt Mall Shopping Cen rate witnesses going to Capitol Hill to be that they can't articulate their problems ter, in my district in northeast Philadel badgered and blamed for a growing list of rather, an attitude they carry with them into phia, initiated a unique program for problems. the committee rooms seems to prohibit their shopping centers. Senator GOLDWATER notes: story from getting across. Seventy merchants established a Sen I have spent a lot of time considering this ior Citizens Discount Club and the man Never before have I seen a situation which situation. And I have come to the conclusion cried out as loudly for intelligent planning that too many of the business spokesmen responsible for this innovation was Mr. by business representatives. whom I see testify assume that the members Sy Goldberg, the center's manager. of Congress know little or nothing about the At first the merchants were a little Criticizing American business for do intricacies of their enterprises. This may be reluctant to go along with this idea, but ing too little at too late a time to defend true, but what the witnesses fail to under Mr. Goldberg's confidence and enthusi their own interests, Senator GOLDWATER stand is that even the dumbest member of asm for the program were so great that concludes: Congress can be armed with the toughest he persuaded the store owners to at least I would tell them to start making plans kind of question. Some witnesses fail to try it. today-not tomorrow-to head off a con understand that many of the questions put certed drive against all important elements of to them in these hearings are prepared by A headqua1-ters for senior citizens was the American private enterprise system...• brilliant young staff members who mistrust set up on the mall and identification The current challenge to business seemed to or totally disbelieve the attributes of the pri cards with photographs were given out reach crisis proportion almost overnight. vate enterprise system. to the senior citizens who qualify for a This, by itself, should inform the leaders of Other witnesses come to Washington with 10-percent discount in 70 stores. the private enterprise system that the hour an abiding faith that the members of Con The results so far have been tremen is very late and growing later every minute. gress will have an appreciation of their prob lems and that their testimony will get the dous. Thousands of senior citizens have Freedom and free enterprise are in kind of treatment in the news media they be taken advantage of the offer, which bene trinsically linked. It is not possible to be lieve it deserves. The record fully proves that fits both them and the store owners. come economically dependent upon the these are mistaken assumptions. Mr. Goldberg believes that senior citi state without becoming a ward of that If any of America's business leaders doubt zens have long been neglected by retail state. Unfortunately, business voices have that there is danger ahead, I would ask them ers who have not recognized their special to ponder the consequences of a bill now be not been raised loudly enough to carry fore Congress to place government and pub problems and the fact that because of this vital message to the American lic members on the boards of directors of all their generally fixed incomes these people people. major U.S. oil companies. have been hit the hardest by the continu I wish to share Senator GOLDWATER'S And then I would tell them to start mak ing inflation. important article, which appeared in the ing plans today-not tomorrow--to head off' 18198 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 6, 1974 a concerted drive against all important ele legislation before the House and Senate on The commentary follows: ments of the American private enterprise the conduct of amateur athletics and espe system. I predict we have only heard the be cially the control and protection of athletes RED TRICK BACKFIRES ginnin;g of charges that industry representa and organizations in assuring their rights and (By Alex R. Seith) tives conspired to bring about material short privileges in participation in international "Once again, the Communists have out ages, inflation and unemployment. I believe competition. smarted themselves." That was the gleeful, American business will be accused on every The National Association of Intercollegiate triumphant comment I heard from leading side of reaping windfall profits at the ex Athletics, commonly designated as the NAIA, Germans while traveling in Europe at the pense of helpless consumers and taxpayers. is a completely autonomous organization and time of the stunning surprise of the resigna And I predict that Congress will, before long, has as its main aim that intercollegiate tion of West German Chancellor Willy be considering a barrage of bills to national athletics should be an integral part of the Brandt. ize businesses or to impose greater controls total educational program of every institu As the leader of West Germany since 1969 and taxes on the domestic and foreign earn - tion, rather than a commercial or promotion Brandt had been the architect of an Ost ings of American industry. al adjunct. The NAIA was organized in 1940 politik of reconciliation with the Communist The current challenge to business seemed with some sixty member colleges. It was then regimes of Eastern Europe. In summit nego to reach crisis proportion almost overnight. known as the NAIB and its only national tiations with the Soviet Communists in Mos This, by itself, should inform the leaders of event was a basketball tournament, which cow, the Polish Communists in Warsaw and the private enterprise system that the hour has been held in Kansas City since 1937. In the East German Communists in Pankow, is very late and growing later every minute. 1952, the membership of then some 250 col Brandt had signed away all of Germany's leges determined to sponsor other national past claims to "eastern territories taken from events and we now have 16 national events Hitler's Germany at the end of World War each year. II by the conquering Red Army of the Soviet AMATEUR ATHLETE'S BILL OF I have served as Executive Secretary of this Union. RIGHTS organization since 1949 and previous to that For a quarter century, the Kremlin had time, served on the Executive Committee unsuccessfully sought international accept since 1943. I have experienced almost con ance of its conquests of the countries behind HON. GLENN R. DAVIS stant distress at the lack of cooperation be the Iron Curtain. Brandt was the first leader OF WISCONSIN tween national organizations in the admin of a Western government to give them that istration of all levels of amateur athletics, recognition. For his policy, Brandt was widely IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES both within the United States and in inter acclaimed as a great statesman and, in 1971, Wednesday, June 5, 1974 national competition. Our organization has became only the second head of government made every attempt to serve as a unifying in this century (after U.S. President Woodrow Mr. DAVIS of Wisconsin. Mr. Speaker, force in what appears to be organizational Wilson in 1919) to receive the Nobel Prize for I am sure most Members of the House self-interest and we are fully a.ware that at Peace. are aware that amateur athletics as it this point something must be done to liter When Brandt left office last week, his gov relates to U.S. efforts in international ally force organizations to act for the common ernment was actively negotiating with the competition has been the victim of a good. Soviets for the next major step in the Ost bitter dispute between major sports orga NAIA is in full support of the Mathias Bill, politik: the granting of massive commercial R.R. 11242 for the following reasons: credits and the arrangement of huge German nizations such as the NCAA and the AAU. 1. It sets up an arbitration body which investments in the U.S.S.R. which would help During the 93d Congress, I was joined by protects the rights of athletes and prevents the sagging Soviet economy. five of my colleagues from Wisconsin in organizations from exercising arbitrary con Now, all of that has been brought into the introduction of H.R. 12780, a bill troi over the participation of their athletes serious jeopardy by Brandt's resignation. And identical to H.R. 11242, introduced by our in international competition. Our organiza the Communists have only themselves to colleague and former Olympic champion tion has never attempted to apply sanctions blame. from California, Hon. BOB MATHIAS. The on the participation of athletes, but has left The reason for Brandt's abrupt departure bills are often jointly referred to as the this to the athlete and the administration of from high office was the discovery that one "amateur athlete's bill of rights." the institution. of his closest and most trusted aides, Gunther 2. We are completely opposed to govern· Guillaume, was a dedicated secret agent of This logical and practical legislation ment intervention and control of amateur the Communist government of East Germany. which many of us from Wisconsin, a athletics. We feel that government control In 1956 Guillaume had come to West Ger State long recognized for outstanding will eventually destroy amateurism and make many under the guise of being an escapee amateur athletes, recognize as being it a political football. from the totalitarian regime of East Ger essential, is designed to provide a non We have requested our leaders in our 32 many. He promptly joined Brandt's Social governmental procedure to resolve the Districts and our National Executive Com Democratic party and ambitiously took on a unnecessary feuds between sports orga.. mittee to contact their Congressmen, express series of menial jobs. By proving his intel nizations. ing our full support of the Mathias, Cook, ligence and dedication to hard work, Guil Humphrey, and other co-sponsors of the laume continually rose in the ranks of the The legislation Congressman MATHIAS various bills sponsored in the Congress. party and won the complete confidence of and I have introduced has the support If we can be of any service, feel free to nearly all of its leaders. All the time, Guil of the AAU and the U.S. Olympic Com call upon us. We feel that the decisions to be laume's true loyalty was to the Communist mittee as well as many other sports orga made within the next few months can serve country he claimed to have fled. nizations around the country. Further, to dissolve the antagonisms between organi When Brandt became Chancellor in 1969, the congressional support is bipartisan zations which, at the present time, are pre Guillaume seized the opportunity which had both in the House and the Senate where venting our building a strong national force been 13 years in the making. Brought into it was introduced by Senator HUBERT H. for all levels of international competition, in the Chancellor's inner circle, the Communist cluding the Pan American World and Olym· agent was privy to the most crucial delibera HUMPHREY and Senator MARLOW w. pic Games. tions of the Brandt government and had ac COOK. We hope for a speedy passage of this bill. cess to nearly every secret plan. Throughout Typical of the support this legislation A. 0. DUER, the most sensitive negotiations with the is receiving is a recent letter from the Executive Secretary. Soviets, the Poles and the East Germans, National Association of Intercollegiate Guillaume was at the Chancellor's side. He Athletics-NAIA-addressed to the even accompanied Brandt on a private "family" vacation to Sweden last year. House Judiciary Subcommittee chaired Just a month ago, Guillaume's "cover" was by the Honorable DON EDWARDS of Cali RED TRICK BACKFIRES blown and the revelation hit Germany not fornia. I would commend this letter to like a bombshell, but an A-Bomb. Day after my colleagues in the House for their con day screaming headlines told a stunned pub sideration and urge support when the HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI lic of the spy in their midst. At first, Brandt bill comes to the House for a vote. OF ILLINOIS tried to explain away some of his apparent NATIONAL AsSOCIATION OF IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES intimacy with Guillaume by saying that the West German secret service had known INTERCOLLEGIATE ATHLETICS, Wednesday, June 5, 1974 about Gu111aume for several months but rec Kansas City, Mo., May 16, 1974. ommended temporarily leaving him in the HOUSE JUDICIARY SUBCOMM:tTTEE No. 4: Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, Alex R. Seith, a well-known attorney, civic Chancellor's coterie as a "trap." As Executive Secretary of the National As But when public outrage did not subside, sociation of Intercollegiate Athletics, an or leader, and international commentator, Brandt displayed his own courage and char ganization composed of 565 colleges and uni in his column carried in the Suburbanite acter by refusing to hide behind the secret versities of the United States and Canada, I Economist, published in Chicago on May service recommendation and taking full have been authorized to inform you of the 26, discusses his observations of the for blame for "the Guillaume scandal." position the organization has taken on the eign scene in West Germany. And here is the irony for the Communists June 6, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18199 who sponsored Guillaume. Brandt's successor which they have held dear and to which NO ENVY as Chancellor is Helmut Schmidt, who had they have been devoted. No one should envy those who have to been Minister of Finance and Minister of There is a tide that could sweep some to make the choice. In many ways it lies in dull Defense in Brandt's government. glory and others will be dragged out with the hours and annoying details, in the discovery A strong anti-Communist and a tough ebb to a personal and political oblivion. of new friendships, and in the dismal deaths political leader Schmidt is expected to take WHEEL TURNS of old friendships and alliances and seeming a much harder line toward the East. Schmidt If the constitutional wheel turns full cir ly important understandings. will also come down hard on extreme left cle it will break many hearts and crush and No matter what the final denouement, this wing elements in Germany. In the past two pulverize some souls who did not seek this city, this federal enclave, this nation will years, Brandt was increasingly harassed by historic challenge. Some will rise to untold not be the same tomorrow. The operation doctrinaire Socialists in his own party who height. Others will sink into a broad abyss will be too painful and too lasting for all want to pursue many of the Marxist prin from which no one ever really returns. concerned. ciples prevalent in the Soviet Union. The scholars will be heard. But now there are many indications that For several months. Schmidt had unsuc Procrastination, a highly regarded prag the people will survive, that the nation may cessfully urged Brandt to get tough with matic principle of the practice of law, will rise from its knees and draw away the sym the extremists. Now, Schmidt is expected to be indulged in to an annoying degree from bolic tears that betray the wounded heart. pursue his own advice with a vengeance. time to time. They may disdain some. They may find And, as a staunch pro-American, he is also Some demagoguery appears inevitable. compassion for others, if not forgiveness. But likely to be a hard bargainer with the East The process will reveal the weakness of right now they are watching those whom Europeans. some, and disclose the latent strength in they have sent down to the Potomac to seek Until Brandt's resignation, it was the con others who may be startled at their own out the truth and to make the judgment ventional political wisdom in Germany that prowess. upon which the nation waits. Schmidt would never be elected Chancellor Phrases will be coined to take their place No legislator can avoid his place in history because he was "too ha:-d-nosed." But by forever upon the scrolls of the record of in this sad and solemn moment. their "smart" trick of spying on Brandt, mankind. the Communists opened the way for Schmidt Words will be cast abroad which will be and outsmarted themselves. regretted, while other words will help give voice to citizens who seek guidance from their SPACESHIP EARTH claimed legislative leaders. Questions will be asked which may never AWESOME HOUR be answered and answers may be given which HON. ROBERT 0. TIERNAN will be forever questioned, and give birth to discord and debate for the ages. OF RHODE ISLAND HON. STEWART B. McKINNEY The time is not for those who are indeci IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sive. No one may seek relief through vascilla Wednesday, June 5, 1974 OF CONNECTICUT tion and continue extant in the world we IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES term public service. Mr. TIERNAN. Mr. Speaker, since the Wednesday, June 5, 1974 This is not only a test of characters but gaslines have begun to shrink, and the also of character. Justice flanked by honor most visible of the materials shortages Mr. McKINNEY. Mr. Speaker, while cannot be denied. has been reduced from a "crisis" to a attention to substantive issues is the pri Now patriotism is no longer a flamboyant term for plai;form oratory but a demanding "problem," Americans have started turn mary congressional responsibility in the ing away from conservation efforts. The impeachment inquiry, there are those mistress whose scarlet kiss may sear as well as succor. United States has been lulled into a false who place equal importance on the Na WEARY PATH sense of security that the shortages were tion's mood and tone of these times. It will be a weary path for all of us to merely a temporary inconvenience of lit I, for one, see the value of this type travel. It shall lead down into the valley and tle or no importance. Complacency to of analysis for our Nation's strength lies up, against the peaks and then down again ward the conservation of our natural in its character and ability to respond in into the shadowed depths, where the half resources is beginning to settle in as a time of crisis. Recently, the Washing light may distort and disturb and disfigure. Americans revert to their previously in ton correspondent for three Connecticut The pettiness will appear and the petti satiable appetite for consumption. newspapers, Carey Cronan, gave his foggers will reveal themselves for all to gaze upon. We must not let this attitude of un readers the benefit of his views on the The meaning of words will be debated as bridled consumption come to the fore current mood. Reporter-Columnist Cro will the vast interpretations of the law and once again because it would destroy the nan, whose commentaries appear in the what the Founding Fathers meant when they magnificent efforts to conserve our re Post Publishing Co. papers and the Ad wrote down their reversed pattern of govern sources made by many Americans in the vocate of Stamford, is one whose ment. past year. Fortunately, there are those thoughts we should not easily dismiss The great and the near-great will be quot in this country who recognize the need for he writes with a perspective gained ed and their shades appealed to again and for continued efforts and have conscious through more than a quarter of a cen again. It will be somewhat like a resurrection of ly dedicated themselves to a conservation tury of experience in journalistic obser the long line that has labored to build our of our natural resources. The American vation in the Nation's Capital. tower. Those architects will be summoned Baptist Churches of Rhode Island are Mr. Speaker, Mr Cronan characterizes to build or batter a case at hand. one such group of people. I would like the times as an "Awesome Hour" and I Voices long silent wlll be heard again, to submit for the RECORD their resolu would commend his columu to my col many of them memories in the very halls tion, entitled "Spaceship Earth and leagues so that they might give it which house this distasteful session. Limited Support Systems," which shows thoughtful review I believe it deserves: The oaths that have been sworn will now demand their tribute. the degree of their sensitivity to the AWESOME HOUR The vows of loyalty and dedication will problem and their commitment to solv (By Carey Cronan) now burn upon many hearts and in many ing it. I commend them for their actions minds. and I strongly urge other Americans to WASHINGTON .-This is an awesome hour for Victory has its price today for with the ·America, a sad time, a dread day that come to grips with the problem as re borders on a twilight of darkness tinged responsibility has come the raw sacrifice that alistically and positively as they have. must be offered one way or another to the with a shadow of despair. As their resolution states, the only The dream of almost two centuries is al cause of country, of a people that cry out way to solve the problem is to change our most on the verge of becoming a night for a nation-wide release from doubts and views on the consumption of our natural mare of twisted shapes and fantastic fan fears, from confusion and obfuscation, from dalliance and technical doubts and delays. resources, including those which supply tasies that haunt the halls of government. us with food, shelter, and energy: Harsh decisions face the men and women, It is undoubtedly old hat to say once again chosen to form the legislative body of the that we are at the crossroads, but it is in SPACESHIP EARTH AND LIMITED SUPPORT federal system, whose brittle careers lie in such a spot and at such a place that one SYSTEMS the hands of all those at every level of a must make a choice of which highway to Background Facts: Our spaceship is a befuddled political society. take. sphere with a diameter of 7926 miles (about The Judges know full well that they too If one is to go on, one must decide once twice the length of the Mississippi-Missouri shall be judged. and for all before all mankind and adhere to River) and a circumference of 24,901 miles, Fc-r some it may be a beginning, but for the pathway selected in the glaring light of proceeding through space at about 18Y:z miles others it will be the end of many things living history. per second. 18200 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 6, 1974 The Problem: The quality of the spaceship tional legislative bodies--that our Social Ac Well. it's with considerable pride we note is steadily declining while the load in terms tion Committee be instructed to seek the that Congressman Matthew J. Rinaldo, of of people ls increasing. The soil erodes and is widest possible press publicity for this res our own 12th Congressional district, has been paved over; timber is being used faster than olution. cited by the House Republican Leader, John it's being replaced; key minerals and metals J. Rhodes, for his 95 percent voting record are close to exhaustion; the shortage of fossil on House roll calls during the second session fu els is growing obvious; wildlife is threat PUBLIC CONFIDENCE IN of the present, 93rd, Congress. en ed, with many species extinct and others GOVERNMENT Undoubtedly, Congressman Rinaldo's rec n early so, as habitat is destroyed; the seas ord would have been even higher if it had wrth their fish and plankton are attacked by not been for a compulsory two weeks hiatus the tars of oetroleum residues and by plastic last January when he underwent emergency debris; air ·quality, already poor, is further HON. MARGARET M. HECKLER surgery. threatened by more air-polluting fuels; OF MASSACHUSETTS Congressman Rhodes added that Congress chemical and other impurities continue to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES man Rinaldo has demonstrated the same be dumped into rivers, streams, and lakes. In sense of duty in his committee work. short, this exquisite, complex interdependent Wednesday, June 5~ 1974 From personal experience we know· he at environment, the part of God's creation of tends to the needs of our district. which we are not only the beneficiaries but Mrs. HECKLER of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, the 1974 elections may well go There seems good reason to send Matt the custodians as well, is being despoiled by Rinaldo back to continue doing the same us, its inhabitants. down in history as this Nation's greatest good job. In light of the Background Facts and the test of public confidence in government. Problem, we, the members of the American Right now, there is a greater public Baptist Churches of Rhode Island, do now in awareness than ever before of what we this convention hereby declare that: in public life can do for the people to FRANK PANDOLFI AND OPERA IN We reject the view that it is a cause for CONNECTICUT pride that our part of the earth's population continue the great tradition begun in consumes far more than its share of the this country almost 200 years ago. That world's resources; tradition has been carried on by men We reject the notion that ou r efforts who had the ability and sincerity and HON. WILLIAM R. COTTER should be to maintain our standard of living integrity to make it work. OF CONNECTICUT regardless of the cost to our children and My colleague, the Honorable MATTHEW IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES those of our fellow inhabitants in less affluent J. RINALDO of New Jersey, is such a man. parts of the world; Wednesday, June 5, 1974 We oppose the adoption of panic-inspired Although he has served in this Chamber relaxation of environmental standards which for less than 2 years, he has left a mark Mr. COTTER. Mr. Speaker, I wish to risks irreversible damage in exchange for on the House of Representatives that is take this opportunity to call to the atten short term relief from possible discomfort extraordinary for a freshman Member. tion of my colleagues the retirement of and dislocation; He has been one of the most eloquent an internationally known figure in the We accept the reality that shortages of all congressional voices for budget reform, a world of opera, Frank Pandolfi. For kinds are neither temporary nor reversible ceiling on Federal expenditures as a more than three decades he has made by political manipulations or economic re means of combating inflatioJl, and for taliation, but must be dealt with in a man outstanding contributions to the cul ner consistent with concern for our global the reform of our legislative institutions tural heritage of Connecticut. neighbors and all those who will follow us. that is so vital if we are to restore peo Mr. Pandolfi is stepping down as execu To this end, we urge our government to ex ple's confidence in Government. tive director of .the Connecticut Opera plore with other nations the mutual sharing It is in tribute to the efforts he has Association, a widely respected organiza of resources, particularly those needed by all made that I stand today and single him tion he founded in 1941 to perpetuate standards of 20th century living. out as a Representative who deserves to grand opera in his adopted State. For And we do resolve, believing that through be overwhelmingly reelected by his con tunately for opera lovers Mr. Pandolfi faith and determination all things are pos stituents this November. sible, that we shall study and work so that will continue a-s a consultant to the as together we may take the steps necessary And, I do not stand alone in this view. sociation. to reorder our personal lives and our national A newspaper from Congressman RINAL Mr. Pandolfi was born in Mormanno, life in ways that will make us good stewa1·ds DO'S home district, the Summit Herald, Italy, a nation devoted to great opera. of God's gifts and not squanderers thereof. has assessed his performance and en He came with his family to Hartford, Towards this end we, as individuals and as dorsed him with the words: Conn., at the age of 10. With the excep churches, commit ourselves to promote and We know he attends to the needs of our tion of several years during his young practice: district. a. the elimination of waste in our living, manhood when he studied voice in New b. the re-use of materials in present form, Mr. Speaker, this is a goal to which York, appeared on Broadway, sang on c. where re-use is impossible, the recycling we should all aspire. That is all the more radio on the National Broadcasting Co., of materials for future use. reason why we need MATT RINALDO in and toured for the Shubert organization, d. the responsible disposal of unusable Mr. Pandolfi has made his home in Hart materials and waste, Congress. I would like to insert this ar ford. e. the reduction of our use of all forms of ticle into the RECORD so that my fellow During the Great Depression, with energy derived from exhaustible sources and, colleagues can see the recognition he has many theaters closed and cultural ac in particular, energy derived from fossile received. fuels, uranium, plutonium, and other nu The article follows: tivity at a low ebb, he returned to Hart clear fusion-fission metals, turning where ford and taught voice. possible to human energy and that of winds, CONGRESSMAN RINALDO Operatic performances by touring com tides, and the sun. These days it would be easy to understand panies were only spiratic in Hartford, f. the conservation of our soil, and the if Republican office holders were not so but Frank Pandolfi felt the public should protection of our waters, seas, and air from visible. be able to hear and see this majestic art further degradation, It's a pretty tough time to be a Republi form which he loved so well. In 1941, he And to this end we do further resolve that can, walk around with stature and dignity, staged his first opera in a small audi the incoming President of the American Bap and at the same time get the Job done. torium with his students making up the tist Churches of Rhode Island establish a It's even tougher if your term is up, and Task Force to study and provide guidance you are a.bout to start campaigning; and ca-st. From this humble beginning, the to us and to others as to the best means of there's no chance of shllly-shallying away Connecticut· Opera Association was achieving the goals of this resolution, such from direct questions, to which the elector formed and became dynamic and inter Task Force to report back to the Annual ate is entitled the answers. nationally recognized, which annually Meeting in 1975. Add to this vista, the dismal fact that all presents an outstanding season of grand We direct that this resolution be sent to too often our national legislators have a opera. the American Baptist Churches of the USA, tendency to be more away from the job than Frank Pandolfi is well known in the to our national legislators, and to the Chair on it. Too often we read of Junkets here and man of the Environmental Protection junkets there . . . all for the alleged, elusive opera world. Under his direction, the as Agency. fact-finding investigations. sociation has brought many, many artists We further direct that measures be taken But, let's face it. National government is of international note to Hartford to per to bring about the reading . ot this resolu run from Washington, and somebody should form in the most famous operas. These tion in meetings of our local, state, and na- be on the job. ·seasons of'opera are a continually grow- June 6, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18201 ing source of cultural enrichment for the we a.re no worse off. If successful, then we from Civil Service Commission Pamphlet No. people of Connecticut. will have carried out the good hopes and 20 entitled "Political Activity, Federal Of Artist, teacher, and impresario are all aspirations of generations of Americans be fices and Employees," which was cited on fore us. February 29, 1972 before the Elections Sub fitting descriptions for Frank Pandolfi. We, the young, shall never let the dream committee of the House Administration I feel privileged and proud to join in of America fade .... Committee. Concerning political activity by public tribute, here in Congress, to Frank indirection, it stated that: ~andolfi, who has not only built a legend "Employees are therefore accountable for m the arts, but is himself a legend. political activity by persons other than them I know my colleagues will join in ac THE HATCH ACT selves including wives or husbands if, in fact, knowledging the outstanding achieve the employees are accomplishing by collu sion and indirection what they may not do ments of this great man. openly and directly." HON. G. WILLIAM WHITEHURST As a result of such extensions those who OF VmGINIA advocate reforming the Hatch Act believe IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that most affected employees are so inhibited MEMORIAL DAY ADDRESS that they follow the old axiom for survival, Wednesday, June 5, 1974 "When in doubt, do nothing." Mr. WHITEHURST. Mr. Speaker, PROVISIONS OF THE HATCH ACT HON. JOHN W. WYDLER Prof. Philip L. Martin, a member of the OF NEW YORK At this point a brief review of the Hatch Political Science Department at Virginia Act is needed in order to understand the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Polytechnic Institute and State Univer proposal for reform.2 Basically its provisions Wednesday, June 5, 1974 sity in 3lacksburg, Va., llas written a fall into four categories. Mr. WYDLER. Mr. Speaker, recently I thoughtful and thought-provoking ar Solicitation of funds spoke at the Memorial Day services in ticle on the reform of the Hatch Act To begin with, employees are not allowed my hometown village of Garden City in I am introducing it at thi::; point· in to solicit funds for political purposes and Long Island, N.Y. I was particularly the RECORD, because I believe that my they are also protected against the notorious pleased to address the services this year colleagues will find it to be both inter assessment policy of the past which required esting E..nu helpful: a public servant to contribute a percentage because for the first time, after serving of his annual salary to the campaign chest 11 years as a Member of Congress, I could [From Public Personnel Management, May-June 1974] of the party in power. address a service without having had an Campaign participation Am~rican soldier die the year befere. THE HATCH ACT: THE CURRENT MOVEMENT Regarding campaign participation, the sec Dur1.ng the course of the ceremonies, the FOR REFORM ond prohibition of the l:i:atch Act is rather president of the Garden City High School (By Philip L. Martin) comprehensive. It provides: Student Council, Mr. Paul Laud, ad In 1939, in an effort to complete the civil "No peraon employed in the executive dressed the audience and gave a short but service reform which had begun with the branch of the Federal Government, or any most forceful talk. I am setting it forth Pendleton Act of 1883, Congress passed the agency or department thereof, shall use his in the RECORD so my colleagues may have Hatch Act which prohibited political activ official authority or influence for the purpose ity on the part of most federal employees. of interfering with an election or affecting the benefit of his words: the result thereof. No person occupying a MEMORIAL DAY ADDRESS The exceptions were those employed in the legislative and judicial branches and the position in the competitive service shall take . For over a hundred years, Americans have policy-makers appointed by the president any active part in political management or been gathering together, setting aside some with the advice and consent of the Senate. in political campaigns, except as may be pro time at the end of May, to pay honor and One year later the la·n was amended to vided by or pursuant to sta.t,lte. All such respect to those who have fought, and more, include state and local government person persons shall retain the right to vote as they to those who gave their lives in the past nel working _in federally funded programs. may choose and to express their opinions wars of our country: A day to pay tribute In 1966, another amendment to the act on all subjects and candidates." to the men and women who fought so that applied the prohibition against political This proscription has been interpreted to we might be able to take advantage of the activity to employees of private groups who preclude a wide · range of political activities great institution of democracy: So that we work with community action programs along with a confusing array of qualifica might lead our lives with the rights and free funded by the Economic Opportunity Act. tions. doms guaranteed to us in the documents First of all, the affected employees clearly drawn up by our country's founders. During the past several years, however, a movement has begun in Congress to cannot be candidates nor can they serve as Unfortunately, there are those who feel delegates to any political convention. How that the lives perhaps were lost in vain. He modify the Hatch Act. The basic reason for the proposed change is that there are cur ever, the Civil Service Commission has ruled ts the cynic; the pessimist. And, generally, that employees may belong to political clubs his disgust is based upon his views of young rently over five million federal and federal ly related employees who, if not legally and vote on questions that arise, so long as people. To him campus unrest, demonstra they are not active in organizing the club, tions, picketing, protests, rock concerts and barred from political participation beyond voting in elec';ions, are certainly discour do not serve either on its committees or as an indeed even streaking seem to be undermin officer, and do not address the club on polit ing and threatening the very existence of the aged. Ths fact is especially deplored be cause these employees constitute approxi ical matters. By the same token activities American lifestyle and all the institutions such as organizing and conducting political America. represents. Indeed the only thing mately 2¥2 percent of the nation's popula tion and about 7 percent of the voting popu rallies, delivering political speeches, and or he may be happy about is that he can rest 1 ganizing or leading particip9.tion in political comfortably knowing he won't be a.round lation of 73 million. Moreover, it has been pointed out that the impact of the Hatch parades are forbidden. Yet the Civil Service when young people are in the positions to Commission has decided that if one is a run the government and the country. Act is even greater in some states such as Alaska where there are over 17,000 affected member of a band or an orchestra that is But he should look closer. More than ever, generally for hire as a musical group, he may young people are becoming genuinely inter employees in a population of 302,000. This means that the political participation of march in a. political parade or play for a po ested and concerned with developments with litical rally. This exemption is evidently in the government, the economy, and so 6¥2 percent of the total and 21 percent of the voting population is restricted. In addi based on the assumption that a drummer ciety. The interest lies not only in how devel who is a Democrat or a Republican will play opments in these areas affect them, but how tion there are numerous "Little Hatch Acts" whose passage by the states has been no differently for his party's activity than they can change, improve, and overcome the for one which is sponsored by the opposition. difficulties encountered in the past. encouraged by the national example. Count Never have young people taken such an less state employees are thus precluded Other phases of campaigning which are active role and displayed so much energy from engaging in the same types of political prohibited include distributing any type of in attempting to mold a better world. activities that are open to other citizens literature, soliciting votes and publishing I believe the future will manifest many of before election day. any statement for or against any candidate, today's great hopes and expectations . . . A The challenge against the Hatch Act is party, or faction. Not even a letter to the world less soiled by prejudice and discrimi based first on the interpretation that it was editor of the local newspaper expressing an nation . . . a world composed of rational intended only to protect public employees opinion about any political candidate, issue thinking individuals, where problems will be from involuntary political activity, and sec or question can be written without violat openly and peacefully thought through . . . ond, that the promulgation of rules and ing the Hatch Act as interpreted by the Civil and most of all, a world where justice is the regulations to enforce the law have exceeded Service Commission. This interpretation rule and not the random exception. the original purpose. An example is the rule seems questionable in view of the Hatch Clearly, the hope of tl'le future is in the Act's explicit recognition of the right of po hands of the young. If we should fail, then Footnotes at end of article. litical expression. Such seemingly inconsist- 18202 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 6; 1974 ent rulings have given much support to the interference from the top but it also em guide those responsible for intepreting the reform movement. braces the invidious mobilizing of employees law. As a consequence the court emphasized Political candidacy by their peers. Students of informal organi that a number of ridiculous applications had The third category concerns partiSan po zation know that it is possible for an .admin resulted, such as punishing federal employ litical candidacy. Allowing a. civll servant to istrator to use selected subordinates who are ees for betting on an election. Any law which run for election to public office while still respected by their co-workers for the purpose permits such interpretations, it was conclud performing hiS regular duties has always of getting a point across to other members ed, violates the current overbreadth doctrine been incompatible with the American idea of the organization. Peer level communica used to review First Amendment cases. of government service. Over the years the tions and influence can be very persuasive, Concerning governmental power, there was general practice has been to require such a and most organizations have some employees an admission of "an obvious, well-establish candidate to resign his position when he de who are extremely effective at winning ac ed governmental interest" in restricting the cides to run for election. Nevertheless, the cept ance of their viewpoint by many fellow political involvement of public employees. Hatch Act does permit those covered by its workers. Whether they be true or false, stor Yet the following qualification was issued provisions to seek nonpartisan posts such ies of Depression-era WPA work gangs led to that: as, for example, local school boards which the polls by their foremen, make opponents "If there are impermissible areas of ac are theoretically removed from politics. Gen of changing the Hatch Act pessimistically tivity, the overriding governmental inter erally speaking, though, federal employees predict that more political freedom will very est must be marked with utmost clarity by are not eligible, even as independents, to run likely lead to the development of Byzantine the Congress in a form that is obvious to the for county or municipal councils since these style intrigues and politics in the public sophisticated and unsophisticated alike.a" bodies a-re usually chosen on partisan ballots. service. It would seem that in the opinion of the CONCLUSIONS-PRO AND CON special court a more specific law would be Employee organizations In conclusion, there are mixed feelings re judicially acceptable for at least some pro The last prohibition applies to involve garding the effect of political prohibitions hibitions. ment of public employee organizations. The on civil servants. It does not seem fair to None of these arguments were accepted rule is that whatever a civil servant is for anyone that those who work for the govern when the Supreme Court reviewed the pre bidden to do as an individual, be cannot do ment should not be able to exercise the same ceding case. Instead, on June 25, 1973, the by indirection as a member of an associa rights of citizenship as other Americans. This status quo was upheld.7 This is a most un tion. This means that any organization of philosophy has been well expressed by Cali satisfactory conclusion because some modifi public employees cannot engage in political fornia Supreme Court Just ice Tobriner who cation of the political prohibitions contained activity, and this restriction applies even stated: in the Hatch Act is needed to remove the when the representatives of such organiza "The expan~ion of the Government enter second-class citizenship of affected govern tions are not themselves civil servants. In prise with its ever-increasing number of em ment employees. The end of judicial review practice, however, it has proved to be very ployees marks this area. of the law a crucial means that the only hope left for revision difficult to police organizational activity, and one. As the number of persons employed by is for Congress to overcome its disagreement unquestionably government employee as the Government and governmentally assisted and uncertainty, but in the minds of many sociations have engaged in political activity institutions continues to grow, the necessity reformers there is only a slight chance of in order to further the ends of their mem of preserving for them the maximum practi such legislat ive success. bership. cable right to participate in the political life FOOTNOTES PROPOSED REFORM L E GISLAT ION of the republic grows with it. Restrictions on 1 Philip L. Martin, "The Hatch Act in The reform measure which is cunently public employees which, in some or all of their applications, advance no compelling Court: Some Recent Developments," Pitblic being sponsored in Congress retains the Administration Vol. 33 (1973), p. 445. original purpose of prohibiting involuntary public interest commensurate with the 2 waiver of constitutional rights which they This review is based on: The Commission political activity and of preventing political on Political Activity of Government Person participation from becoming a prerequisite require, imperil the continued operation of our institutions of representative govern nel, Vol. 1 (Washington: Government Print for employment. At the same time there is ing Office, 1968). ment."' a total rejection of any restriction on volun 3 A Bill to Restore To Federal Civilian tary political activity which is conducted Although opponents of reform mostly agree with this lofty ideal, they still point out Employees Their Rights To Participate, As separately from the job. Therefore, the fol Private Citizens, In the Political Life of the lowing political rights are enumerated: 1) that realistically the demarcation between constitutional rights and public interest is no Nation, To Protect Federal Civilian Em candidacy for any public office at any level; ployees From Improper Political Solicitations, 2) candidacy for, and service as, a party easier to discern than the difference between involuntary and voluntary political activity. and For Other Purposes, H.R. 668, 93 Con convention delegate or officer; 3) expression gress, 1st Session (1973). of political opinion; 4) membership in po The crux of the problem facing reform then litical clubs; 5) participation in, or organi is finding some formula which grants free 'Fort v. Civil Service Commission, 392 P. zation of, meetings, caucuses, conventions, dom while p1·eserving neutrality for the pub 2d 385, 389 (1964). or rallies for political purposes; and 6) po lic service. Opponents do not believe such a 6 Hobbs v. Thompson, 448 F. 2d 456 (1971) litical campaigning.:: To underscore their solution is possible, and so far the reformers and Mancuso v. Taft, 341 F. Supp. 674 (1972). importance, the proposal makes it very clear have not found an acceptable answer. There 6 National Association of Letter Carriers v. that these rights are specifically protected fore, it does not appear that the Hatch Act U.S. 846 F. Supp. 578 (1972). against interference by any government ad will be easily changed by Congress in the 7 U.S. Civil Service Commission v. National ministrators. near future. Association of Letter Carriers, AFL-CIO, et Although th~ intention is noble, there is While legislative reform has been stale al., 409 U.S. 1058 (1973). still the crucial question of how feasible is mated, the Judiciary has been recently at the reform bill. How can involuntary po tacking what it regards as the overly broad litical activity be distinguished from volun prohibitions against political activity that tary? Can ostensibly voluntary acts result are enforced at all levels of government. In PAULA ANTONIO-COMMUNITY from coercion by superiors? Opponents of late 1971 and early 1972 two municipal ordi· LEADER reconsidering the Hatch Act, even though nances forbidding political participation by they would like to give more political free public employees were struck down by lower dom to federal employees, fear that opening federal courts, and in both cases it was ruled the door ever so slightly will lead to subtle that the Mitchell decision of 1947 in which HON. ELIZABETH HOLTZMAN abuses which are very difficult to detect. the Supreme Court had upheld the Hatch OF NEW YORK Some of the problems raised by the opposi Act by a 4-3 vote was no longer good law IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion are: how can it be ascertained whether because later interpretations of the First a letter to the editor endorsing a particular Amendment require more narrowly drawn Wednesday, June 5, 1974 political candidate is an independent opin definitions of the guarantee of freedom of Ms. HOLTZMAN. Mr. Speakei·, I would ion, and not the result of a superior's "pep speech.c; On the same grounds, on July 31, talk" about getting involved in the cam 1972, a special three judge federal court de like to salute today a constituent of paign? Could membership in a political club clared that the Hatch Act ban on federal mine, Mrs. Paula Antonio, who is leaving be encouraged as a clever way of obtaining employees was unconstitutional. her post as president of the 63d Pre political contributions through the payment State and local employees affected by a cinct Community Council. of dues? How many employees will risk their separate section of the law were not, how In her 3 years in office, Mrs. Antonio superior's disfavor by complaining about his ever, included in this decision because they has worked tfrelessly and tenaciously to interference with their political freedom? were not properly represented in the case. serve her community. Whether seeking In short, opponents emphasize that the dif Consequently, they will have to file their improve neighborhood security, orga ficulty of determining when a political act own suit. to is involuntary is the principle disadvantage The main point of this ruling was not that nize athletic events for children, or ob of easing the restrictions. a. government cannot constitutionally re tain essential government services and The problem of distinguishing involuntary strict the political activities of its employ improvements, Mrs. Antonio and the from voluntary activities not only involves ees, but rather the lack of any standard to community council have given tnvalu- June 6, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18203 able assistance to the people of Marine WEST GERMAN ELECTIONS in Schleswig Holstein. It has, however,- only Park, Flatbush, and Flatlands. slightly exceeded its last federal election I believe that the strength of a com .. results. F'or the Bonn coalition parties this munity depends in large measure on the HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK outcome is alarming: the FDP's minor gains OF OHIO vis-a-vis the last Bundestag elections do not quality of its volunteer leadership. I am suffice by a long shot to make up for the proud of the many active and capable IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES SPD's losses. community leaders in my congressional Wednesday, June 5, 1974 As far as the CDU is concerned, a striking district and delighted to acknowledge fact can be noted: In comparison to the last Mrs. Antonio's role as such a leader. Her Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, the municipal or state parliamentary elections it abilities will be sorely missed by the 63d resignation of Willy Brandt as Chancel has picked up votes by a remarkably consist Precinct Community Council, but I am lor of the Federal Republic of Germany ent rate, ranging only between 7.7 and 9.6 earlier this month surprised many peo percent. Its gains since the last Bundestag sure that she will continue to serve us in elections point up an average 8 percent witl"l activities with many other community ple. The ostensible reason for his abrupt departure from office concerned a spy the lowest rate amounting to 6.7 percent organizations. scandal that had rocked his government. (Rhineland-Palatinate). In a Bundestag election that would give it the absolute ma But to close observers of the German jority in Bonn. scene, many problems preceding the For the SPD all this did not come out of CONGRESSIONAL REFORM: DON'T scandal undoubtedly contributed signifi the blue sky. It may console itself with the THE MEMBERS GIVE A DAMN? cantly to Brandt's decision to resign. The hope that the voters' protest will decline people of Germany had expressed dis if it succeeds in spreading some economic content with many of Brandt's policies optimism. However, that is not its basic HON. DAVE MARTIN through the numerous local elections that problem. As a ruling party it is suffering from rapid attrition which finds its expression in OF NEBRASKA have taken place in Germany this year. Brandt's weakness of leadership. The strong IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In an article which appeared in Die leftist forces are trying to impose upon their Wednesday, June 5, 1974 Welt several weeks before Brandt's resig party the recognition that successful reforms nation, the municipal elections were cannot be implemented "within the frame Mr. MARTIN of Nebraska. Mr. analyzed as a plebiscite on Brandt's pol work of the system". Sooner or later Brandt's Speaker, one of the most pungent state itics. The author of this article, W. party will have to make up its mind whether ments about the fate of the Committee Hertz-Eichenrode, notes that the Chris it wants the transition from social to social Reform Amendments of 1974 appeared tian Democrats have made consistent ist free-market economy or not. As long as it on May 11 in the New York Daily News, gains of from 7.7 to 9.6 percent in the is in power, it cannot carry out this dispute. the Nation's largest general-circulation It can only accomplish that in the opposition.. various elections. The vote, he points out, For the FDP the situation looks altogether newspaper. is largely a protest vote and hence even different. It still thinks that its chance lies The editorial accurately points the fin the present beneficiaries of this discon in attracting those voters within the coalition ger at the big special interests which tent, the CDU, "is in an uncertain posi parties of Bonn who are turning their backs ganged up to defeat the reform bill be tion." on the SPD. Although the trend-as could hind closed doors in the Democratic Cau In order to better understand the im be noticed by the remarkable flexibility of the cus. portant changes that have been taking voters of the outskirts of Hamburg last Sun I fear the editorial writers may be cor place in Germany, I commend this arti day-is not yet unequivocal, it does point out rect when they suggest that many Dem that voters turning their backs on the SPD cle to the attention of my colleagues. Fol are directly moving over to the CDU. Not be ocrats are lulled by Watergate into think lowing is the text of the article: fore the parliamentary elections of Lower ing that the public is blind to the press [From Die Welt, Mar. 26, 1974) Saxony will the FDP know for sure whether ing need for a more effective Congress. WAVES OF PROTEST-MUNICIPAL ELECTIONS AS its commitment to the SPD guarantees its The editorial concludes: A PLEBISCITE ON BONN'S POLITICS survival or leads to its demise. If they've been reading the polls on the (By W. Hertz-Eichenrode) The CDU, too, is in an uncertain position. public's opinion of Congress, they'd think It has to assume that it owes its high gains otherwise. Or don't the members give a Within one month the test has been taken to protesting voters. Its problem is how to damn? four times, and it can now be said positively make the new voters firmly committed to it. that since the last Bundestag (federal parlia That does not only require intellectual at The complete editorial, "Congress Re ment) elections in 1972 not only the elec tractiveness which it still lacks. Just because form Stymied," follows: tion trend has been upset, but that the the SPD is showing leadership weakness, the CONGRESS REFORM STYMIED voters, too, have basically changed their CDU should prove strong leadership, and habits. that necessitates early agreement on a candi Rep. Wilbur Mills (D-Ark.) has apparently One state parliamentary election (Ham won his battle to keep House committees op date for Chancellor, who must then be the erating a.long the same old inefficient, 19th burg) and three municipal elections (Rhine uncontested leader. Those are the objective century lines. He and other powerful com land-Palatinate, Schleswig-Holstein, North facts. On the other hand, the time is not mittee chairmen have blocked a sweeping Hesse) demonstrate a reorientation from the ripe yet for a CDU/CSU debate on the candi reform bill, authored by Rep. Richard Bolling SPD (Social Democrats) to the Christian date's choice. Yet, it is conceivable that the (D-Mo.), which would consolidate, reorga Democrats (CDU), extending from the city Lower Saxony election will become a signal nize and streamline House committees to of several million inhabitants to the flat in the event that a CDU victory renders the meet the demands of the modern world. countryside. That means that the nature of CDU/CSU independent of the outcome of the The bill was sidetracked to a Democratic the municipal elections has changed. They parliamentary elections in the Rhineland caucus committee "for further study." no longer reflect local characteristics, but are Palatinate, Helmut Kohl's domain. The reorganization measure would limit fitting in with the supraregional develop After the parliamentary elections in 1972 members to only one major committee chair ment. The element of electing individuals is the party scenery seemed to have been con manship, diluting the power of old-line receding, the local political personalities solidated into a two-force system (SPD/ chairmen and giving newer members a chance cannot reverse the general trend as a. rule. FDP and CDU/ CSU). The March elections to get in on the action. It would also set up Obviously, the voters are now regarding have turned it tnt-0 a three-force system, in two new budget committees in both houses each of the great parties as an undivided which the FDP must find its own role. As a to try to limit the ever-rising spending pro power instrument, extending from the town consequence, all kinds of coalition models grams that keep laying new tax burdens on halls, over the state capitals to Bonn, thus are being speculated on all around, and not the public. Now that is all down the drain. basing even their votes for the municipal lastly in Bonn. In t.his context the rules of a A gang-up of big labor, big business and elections strongly on general criteria of fed representative democracy should, however, special interest lobbies worked hard to dump eral politics. Hence every municipal election be brought to mind: The votes for building the reform bill. They want to keep their in becomes a test for Bonn. a government are given for a term of four fluence over present committee chairmen. In the four elections the SPD has lost by years. Experiences with the Great Coalition Perhaps the Democratic majority believes at least 6.8 percent (Rhineland-Palatinate) (SPD/CDU) which was inaugurated in 1966 that, with the presidency in deep trouble over when compared to the last municipal or without prior elections, should serve as a de Watergate, the people don't care whether state elections-on the average even more terring factor. Premature coalition experi Congress continues on its bumbling, money- than that-and in comparison to the last ments would break off the CDU/CSU renewal wasting course. · federal parliamentary elections the loss has process in the opposition before it has been If they've been reading the polls on the been at. least 9.6 percent. The FDP (Free concluded. public's opinion of Congress, they'd think Democrats) has picked up in comparison Such experiments should be out of the otherwise. Or don't the members give a to the last municipal or state parliamentary question also for the following reason: they damn? elections by 3.8 percent in Hamburg and 3.3 would risk the stab111ty of the party system 18204 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June iJ, 1974 which has b®n convincingly reconfirmed by Bank, addressed the meeting. He stressed developed and characterized our national this month's elections. Stabllity is demon that in bullding integrated systems and de life. The American repubUc cannot remain strated by the fact that the voters' strong veloping rational processes for the collec vib1·ant If its basic political tenets are only protest movement deos not lead to radical tion, categorization, and use of information, confined to the written word transcribed and ism. Without evidence of a political dec1lne the American legislators have in mind the stored in museums, monuments, and text the protest is stopped within the system of benefit to mankind which would result from books. These tenets must be written large the three parliament parties. the flow of information across international in the minds of all citizens and we must borders. continually strive to foster a general and He stressed that the United States had immediate awareness of government and of made one of its greatest modern peacetime the individual's role in it. Responsible citi CANCER CONTROL WORK PRO- commitments when it authorized, in the Na zenship finds its most powerful ally in a GRESSING UNDER NATIONAL tional Cancer Act of 1971, one and one half vigorous, free local press, serving as the billion dollars for an initial three years of public's eye in the corridors of civic affairs. CANCER ACT cancer research and cancer research orien The present social and political changes tated treatment. and uncertainties, rather than serving as a The Committee on International Collabo cause of bewilderment and confusion, should HON. THADDEUS J. DULSKI rative Activities, under the chairmanship of instead serve to stimulate the creative ener OF NEW YORK Professor T. Symington of London (UK), gies and abilities that this nation has so IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES which comprises such eminent leaders as often summo!led forth in the past. Dr. R. Lee Clark of Houston, Texas, and Dr. G. We affirm: Wednesday, June 5, 1974 P. Murphy of Buffalo, New York, expressed (1) Government and public policy is the Mr. DUI.SKI. Mr. Speaker, Dr. Gerald its great satisfaction with this statement of reflection of broad citizen participation and encouragement and of solidarity. direction. The increasing complexity and P. Murphy, director of Roswell Park The main discussion centered around the challenges of our future life demand greater Memorial Institute 1n Buffalo, N.Y., re establishment and support of Cancer Infor vigilance and involvement on the part of cently returned from an international mation Analysis and Dissemination Centers all American citizens. meeting on cancer control collaboration, and the promotion of international coopera (2) Our institutions, among them a free and reports that it was a most success tion in this area, the support of multilateral press the educational system, and constitut ful gathering. exchange of cancer researchers, and the spon ed government on all levels, though struc Roswell Park is the oldest comprehen sorship of international cancer study groups turally sound, must be continually renewed to bring about standardization of nomencla and equipped to meet the future. sive cancer center in the world, and the tures, reporting of results which ls essential Conceived in the crucible of change, Amer efforts of its staff have put it in the for international understanding, and the set ica has accepted her previous challenges and forefront of the fight against cancer. ting up of networks of collaborating insti will accept these persent ones in her quest I would like to insert in the RECORD tutes. for a better life for all her people. Dr. Murphy's letter and a statement on Recommendations were addressed to Dr. Therefore, let this Congress resolve that the the meeting held May 22 through 24, Rauscher, of the National Cancer Institute, Bicentennial commemoration, through its 1974, in Geneva, Switzerland. The aim in response to his requests. activities, committees, and Involved citizens, reaffirm and seek everywhere to encourage was to promote some of the international and strengthen these basic principles for facets of the National Cancer Plan; America's Third Century. more specifically, the International Can cer Research Data Bank. The letter fol BICENTENNIAL CONGRESS lows: ROSWELL PARK MEMORIAL INSTITUTE, HON. HENRY HELSTOSKI WATERGATE AND THE Buffalo, N.Y., May 25, 1974. CONSTITUTION Congressman THADDEUS J. Dur.SKI, OF NEW JERSEY Congress of the United States, House of Rep IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES resentatives, Cannon Office Building, Wednesday, June 5, 1974 HON. PATSY T. MINK Washington, D.C. OF HAWAll DEAR CONGRESSMAN DULSKI: We had a very Mr. HELSTOSKI. Mr. Speaker, under IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES successful meeting in Geneva, Switzerland, the direction of Dr. Silvio R. Laccetti, of May 22-23, sponsored by the Committee on Wednesday, June 5, 1974 International Collaborative Activities' work Stevens Institute of Technology, the ing group of the International Union for the three colleges of Hudson County recently Mrs. MINK. Mr. Speaker, on Friday, Control of Cancer. Enclosed for your in sponsored a highly successful bicenten May 10, 1974, Philip CUrland of the Uni formation ls a resume of the Secretary, Dr. nial congress. The purpose of this con versity of Chicago spoke on .. Watergate J. Delafresnaye. This meeting marked the gress, which was attended by over 300 and the Constitution" before the Uni final and full Implementation of the In delegates, was to encourage public par versity of Chicago Alumni Club at the ternational cancer Data Bank a.s mandated ticipation in our national bicentennial Atrium in the Kennedy Center, Wash by Congress in the National Cancer Act of observance. ington, D.C. 1971. I am most delighted that Roswell Park Memorial Institute and other American and At the Hudson County Congress, a His remarks discussing the growth of International cancer institutes contributed resolution was passed which highlights the White House as a fourth branch of to the successful Implementation of this the true meaning of America's bicenten Government are a significant scholarly most important aspect of the National Can nial. Many of the ideas included in the contribution to the discussion of the con cer Plan. Dr. Gregory O'Conor, of the Na resolution were contributed by Dennis stitutional implications of Watergate. tional Cancer Institute, and other able in Rhodes, a Fairview resident, and stu For the benefit of my colleagues I am ternational representatives enabled the suc dent at St. Peter's College. inserting his speech, "Watergate and the cessful implementation of this important endeavor. In the resolution, the Congress holds Constitution," at this point in the Sincerely yours, that the bicentennial represents "a RECORD: GERALD P. MURPHY, M.D., D.Sc., reaffirmation of those ideals and com WATERGATE AND THE CONSTITUTION Institute Director. mitments which have brought forth, de There is, you must concede, a certain awk veloped and characterized our national wardness in an ivory-towered professor from STATEMENT life"; and personally I could not agree the hinterlands of Chicago coming to Wash ington to speak to you about Watergate. In The meeting was called by the Interna more fully. Mr. Speaker, while our bicentennial a way it reminds me of suburbanites offer tional Union Against Cancer which has set ing their advice to city dwellers on where up a special committee-The Committee on will be a time for celebration, it will also public housing should be located within the Internationa.l Collaboratlve Activities- be a time for reflection; and in view of city. It is redolent, too, of the staunch posi which has in fact two main functions. First, the importance of this occasion, I would tions on busing taken by parents whose it will advise, upon request, the National like to take this opportunity to share youngest children have recently reached col Cancer Institute on the international as this most inspiring resolution with my lege age. For Watergate ls a creature of pects of the Data Bank. Second, it will en colleagues. The resolution follows: Washington. Indeed, it may be said that courage collaboration between .cancer cen today Watergate is Washington and Wash ters and institutes throughout the world. RESOLUTION: HUDSON COUNTY AMERICAN REVOLUTION BICENTENNIAL CONGRESS ington is Watergate. Senator Pell who, among others, has been Yet there are some reasons why the out instrumental in writing into the National The act of commemorating our nation's fander may speak to the native. First is the Cancer Act of 1971 the paragraphs relating Bicentennial ls a reaffirmation of those Ideals fact that if the events of Watergate are es to the International Cancer Research Data. and commitments which have brought forth, sentially local, their repercussions are na. June 6, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS- 18205 tional and international. Second, it is ap and authoritative construction of the Con C.I.A., the Internal Revenue Service,· and the parent that total immersion has resulted. in stitution as it emerged from that convention, Department of Justice. For these acts are far' inadequate comprehension here at the scene and the history of the impeachment clause more dangerous to American constitutional of what is really going on. I would point, for in the years that have elapsed since the Con liberties than the attempted concealment of example, to a recent headline of The Wash stitution was written, without concluding White House implication, whether before or ington Post, a paper that may properly be that the phrase was meant to connote some after the fact, in the Watergate break in. called the "mother" of the Watergate af thing more than, and different from, mis The other constitutional question of prom fair. The page-one story was labelled: "Chi behavior that was punishable under the inence has been that of the proper scope of cago Has Watergate of Its Own," or some criminal laws. The Constitution was not con ''executive privilege." There are two kinds of thing like that. cerned with ordinary punishments for ordi "executive privilege." One calls for the ex If the Washington Post cannot see the liary crimes: that was left, by the impeach emption of the Chief Executive of his nation differences between the corruption that is ment provisions themselves, to the ordinary from the duty to respond in his person to Watergate and the con-uption of party poli courts of law for resolution. As James Wilson, subpoenas from either the legislative or ju ticians lining their own pockets from the one of the founders wrote, impeachment was dicial branches of government. I believe, as public till, the difference between the cor directed not to ordinary crimes committed Jefferson said, that this is a valid and neces ruption of Agnew and the corruption of the by ordinary criminals, but rather to "politi sary attribute of the presidency. I do not, White House, then, indeed, the citizens of cal characters, to political crimes and mis however, believe that it extends beyond the the Potomac are in need of counsel from the demeanors, and to polltical punishments." person of the President to include those of outside world. My point can be made by a He summed it all up in a single word. For him his aides who happen to hold office in the quotation from a. letter of William James, an impeachable offense was defined as "mal White House itself, incidentally, without the written at the time of the Dreyfus affair, a versation," which the dictionary tells us has advice and consent of the Senate. letter that a. visitor from Chicago to Wash meant, since 1549, corrupt behaviour in a The other form of "executive privilege" ington could well adapt to his own use position of trust." is concerned with the right to conceal data today. James wrote: I submit that there can be no doubt that from the legislature, the judiciary, and even "Talk of corruption! We don't know what Professor Raoul Berger ls confirmed by both that newly created monarch of monarchs, the corruption means at home, with our im English and American history in his cata press. Here, too, I believe that such a priv provised and shifting agencies of crude pe logue of impeachable offenses as including: ilege exists, but that it ls confined either cuniary bribery, compared with the solidly (1) misapplication of funds; (2) abuse of to materials whose publication would endan entrenched and permanently corruptive official power; (3) neglect of duty; (4) en- · ger the safety of the nation or to confiden geniuses of monarchy, nobility, church, Army croachment on or contempt of the legisla tial communications about matters of state. that penetrate the bosom of the higher as tive prerogatives; and (5) the abuse of office I do not think that it affords limitations well as the lower kind of people in all Euro for self-benefit. on access: 1) to non-confidential communi pean states ... and sophisticate their motives Indeed, the alternative construction, lim cations or, 2) to confidential communica a.way from the impulse to the straightfor iting impeachments to prosecutions for tions that are external to the actual busi ward handling of any simple case." criminal offenses, is both demeaning of the ness of government, such as campaign ac Substitute for the words "monarchy, no impeachment function and more expansive tivities, or 3) to evidence of illegai behavior. bility, church, Army," the words "presidency, in its consequences. For in this day and age, The last, of course, may be protected by the bureaucracy, party organizations, and the a criminal charge rather than breach of trust privilege against self-incrimination, but only CIA" and the transference from the shame is the easier standard to meet. One need only by the affirmative invocation of the Fifth of the Dreyfus affair to the shame of the look at the myriad prosecutions and con Amendment. The hard question, the answer Watergate affair becomes evident. victions in the national courts for conspiracy, to which I do not pretend to know, is how I should like to suggest tonight that the mail fraud, and income tax evasion to rec it is to be determined whether material prop problems thrown up by Watergate may be ognize that every American citizen lives un erly falls Within the privileged area. I am found in four elements; two different kinds der a sword of Damocles whose gossamer certain that the mere ipse dixit of the ex of constitutional questions and two differ threat may be broken by any self-willed ecutive ls not enough to establish the priv ent kinds of corruption. And it is where the prosecutor. Certainly the petty events that ilege. At the very lea.st, the President owes a perimeters of corruption overlap the perim are the concern of our criminal processes were reasoned explanation of why the concealed eters of constitutional violations that we dis not the concern of the authors of the Con data should be accorded the privilege that cover the greatest dangers to representative stitution when they wrote the impeachment he seeks for it. But, except for the impeach government and democratic freedom. provisions. ment process, I know of no machinery to Let me speak first to some of the constitu Perhaps now that the President's version compel him to act properly. tional questions that have been the focus of some taped White House conversations has The questions of impeachment and execu- . of so much attention in our daily news re been released, there will be less controversy tive privilege, important as they are, how ports. Here, the primary issues have in over the need for a criminal offense to base ever, pale in significant when comps.red volved two not unimportant constitutional an impeachment proceeding. For these tran with the other constitutional issues that have · concepts, but nevertheless constitutional scripts certainly reveal ample evidence of a been revealed by Watergate. Nor will the res concepts of subordinate importance when prima facie case of obstruction of justice and olution of the former cure the deep consti compared with the constitutional issues that subornation of perjury or, at the very least, tutional ills from which we as a nation are have received inadequate public attention. conspiracy or attempts to commit these suffering. The two notorious concerns have been with crimes. The editorial leader in the New York George Washington's decision not to be the meaning of the impeachment provisions Times of May 6th, and both Time and News available for a third term as President of the and with the scope of "executive privilege.'' week this week, have reprinted the text on United States was announced in what we a term that finds no delineation either in which such charges can rest. And, as Tony have come to know as his Farewell Address. the words of the Constitution or in the his Lewis wrote in the newspaper of the same Even Macaulay's schoolboy knows of 'lihe tory of the Convention of 1787 that gave day, referring specifically to §§ 2 and 1510 of Farewell Address. Aside from the injunction birth to that constitution. Title 18 of the United States Code, "By the to abstain from all foreign entanglements, The central question about impeachment standards of what ls required to bring an hpwever, the contents of the Farewell Ad ls whether the Constitution demands that ordinary indictment, there ls overwhelming dress have been obscured by time and ctr- , the impeachment processes rest on evidence evidence in these transcripts that Richard cumstance. Henry Steele Commager has told of an indictable offense, t.e., a violation of Nixon committed Federal crimes." us that the admonitions contained in the the criminal code of the United States. The I should insist, nevertheless, that the tran A~dress "have influenced American history total argument for this position rests on the scripts as a whole reveal even more clearly fl!,r more than Washington himself could fact that the constitutional language of the "malversatlon" of which James Wilson h~ve anticipated." And yet, it must be con Article II, § 4, provides impeachment for wrote, which ought to remain the proper ceded, that none of the advice so painstak "Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and · basis for calling into question whether the ingly offered has been abided. Washington Misdemeanors." It is argued that there can incumbent President should be removed from warned against political parties and they be but one meaning for the words "crimes office because he has so abused the highest have come to dominate American affairs. He and misdemeanors" and that meaning ls an trust that the nation affords to any man. a<;lvised against "overgrown mllitary estab · offense against the positive, enacted crimi It ls important, too, to note that we should lishments which, under any form of govern nal statutes. This construction has bemused not be misled into making the Watergate ment, are inauspicious to liberty, and which even some of our most eminent constitu coverup the sole issue for Senate considera are now regarded as particularly hostile to tional authorities, including the venerable tion. The coverup is but one element that republican liberty." He admonished us that: Senator Sam Ervin. must be weighed when the President is called "It will be worthy of a free, enlightened, and The fact of the matter is that the phrase to the bar of judgment. For me, at least, such at no distant period a great nation to give "high crimes and misdemeanors" comes to us sins as may have been committed in the to mankind the magnanimous and too novel with an established provenance. And none · name of Watergate are of less significance example of a people always guided by an can read, as I have read, the English history than, for example, the abuse of presidential exalted justice and benevolence." of impeachment that preceded the formation power by the creation of a secret police under Included among his cautions was one that of the Union, the debates of the Constitu the euphemism of "the· Plumbers" and the it is particularly relevant to the subject o! tional Convention of 1787, the contemporary perversion of the powers of the . F.B.I., the our discussion tonight. In 1796, he told us: CXX:--1148-Part 14 18206 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 6, 1974 "It is important, likewise, that the habits was based not so much on those simplifica seem as if, ln this form of society, the tasks of thinking in a free country should inspire tions about George III that a.re taught in our of government were too severe for men who caution in those intrusted with its adminis nistory courses, as on the notion that the a.re capable of comprehending its extent, tration to confine themselves within their English constitutional system on which all and desirous of discharging the trust in a respective spheres, avoiding in the exercise men's liberties depended had been perverted proper manner." of the powers of one department to encroach by the men around the Crown in conjunc Today we are suffering not only from a upon another. The spirit of encroachment tion with the king rather than by the king corruption of the Constitution through per tends to consolidate the powers of all depart alone. version of the institutions of government, ments in one, and this to create, whatever The American Revolution was a. political but a corruption of Constitution because the the form of government, a real despotism." revolution not a social or economic revolu men chosen for high office are unworthy. A We are met today with a far different con tion. I.t was fought to restore the constitu President of the United States who tells us stitution tha.n that which Washington be tional balance that Englishmen and Ameri that he is "not a crook," thereby affords queathed us. We have seen the concentration cans thought essential to the liberties they little reassurance of his qualifications for of power in the Presidency that has been claimed. In the two centuries that have office, even if we could credit him with a. achieved by the usurpation of which Wash elapsed, the "corruption of the constitution" capacity for the whole truth. It is not enough ington warned us, aided largely by the abdi which they deplored has once a.gain occurred. that the President of the United States is cation of responsibility by the Congress. We And, if our liberties are to be preserved, we "not a crook." There is more to honor and are, indeed, threatened by that despotism should be looking to the means to restore duty than not stealing from the public fisc. which he decried, whether it be called "be the constitutional balance among the three The reassurances we need and have not re nevolent" or not. branches of government. ceived-because deeds and not words are The affair called Watergate, however, has The first step toward the restoration of the only cogent evidence here-is that the brought the spectre of totalitarianism to our constitutional democracy ls clear to me, authority of the United States government is the attention of the American public. Now, if to no one else. It would be the abolition of not expended merely to effectuate the per as hardly ever before, we are cognizant of the "fourth branch of government," to quote sonal whims or wishes of those in high au the crisis that we face. For the first time from Bailyn's sources, " a kind of fourth thority nor only to benefit their personal in many years Congress is seeking to assert power that the constitution knows nothing friends and do harm to their personal ene itself. And the question ls whether or not of, or has not provided against." mies. Unfortunately, we live in an age when it 1S too late to restore the constitutional I don't know yet when the euphemism it ls no longer the love of money that is the balance that our Founding Fathers created. "The White House" first came into use as a root of all evil; for our time it 1S the love Heretofore, crisis has been the handmaiden description of something other than the of power that is the root of all evil. And no of presidential power. Whether the crisis was Presidential mansion at 1600 Pennsylvania better evidence of this could be provided economic, as was the case when Franklin Avenue. But it was exactly when the "White than the transcript of the presidential tapes Dela.no Roosevelt first came to power, or a House" became what it now is, a fourth to which we have recently been made privy. military crisis of the kind that has plagued branch of American government, that we A system of Presidential selection-not, in every generation of Americans, starting with were committed to take the road that led cidentally, the one created by the Constitu World War I, it has always brought with it to Watergate. My proposal is, therefore, that tion-that leaves the voters only a choice exaltation of executive authority. And each the first step back towards our constitution between Scylla and Charybdis, as it did in time, at lea.st until the advent of the Viet ally established democratic principles ls to the 1972 election and in some ea.rller elec namese War, this concentration of authority remove the powers accumulated in the so tions, has helped bring us to this most griev has been justified not only by our leading called Executive Office of the President, to ous point in our history. The crisis called liberal politicians but also by our most emi dissipate the Office of Management and Watergate has provided us pain and suffer nent scholars, either on the ground of neces Budget, the National Security Council, the ing, outrage and diEgust, fear and trembling. sity or expediency, Council of Economic Advisers, the czar of this It has also afforded us an opportunity not Facts are to be faced, and the facts are and the emperor of that. Put these functions likely to come a.gain, to reexamine the "cor that since Franklin D. Roosevelt's tenure back in offices that a.re subject to Congres ruption of the Constitution" from which we all meaningful government power has been sional control and public scrutiny, or in ad have been sutfering these many years and to vested in the national government. And, ministrative agencies that could be made try to effect a remedy before it ls too late. within the national government that power totally free from Executive Office corruption. That objective should not be forgotten as bas since been concentrated in the executive It would be only a second step to attempt we so inexorably march to the most trau branch. This, I hasten to add, is not a result to abate the abuses of bureaucratic power in matic political event that can occur in our of the Nixon incumbency. the old line departments and the so-called constitutional system, the impeachment of As Tom Wicker, -certainly no friend of the "independent agencies." a President. President, has told us: Watergate is the consequence of two kinds " ... it was "strong" Democratic Presi of corruption. The first is what I have de dents who did the most to expand the Presi scribed a.s the "corruption of the Constitu SILVER JUBILEE OF THE REVEREND dency to its imperial status ... the doctrine tion." The second is the corruption of the JOSEPH KOZLOWSKI of implied powers . . . is primarily the pro people and their leaders. In 1835, Mr. Justice duct of liberal Democratic thought and Story wrote: policy and ultimately was bound to lead t-0 "Unless the people do at all times possess HON. ANGELO D. RONCALLO abuse. virtue, and firmness, and intelligence enough "This is not a justification for Watergate to reject mischievous influence; unless they OF NEW YORK or any other excessive use of state power, a.re well instructed in public affairs, and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES it ought to be a warning however, that liberal resolutely maintain the principles of the con Wednesday, June 5, 1974 Democrats will not automatically end the stitution, it is obvious that the government threat to liberty inherent in the imperial itself must soon degenerate into an oligarchy; Mr. RONCALLO of New York. Mr. Presidency merely by coming back to power and the dominant faction will rule with an Speaker, I wish to share with my col in 1976." unbounded and desolating energy." leagues the great joy and happiness of The point I should like to make here, how The fact is, of course, that no institutions, myself and the many, many family, ever, is that the dangers to American democ however perfect--and the constitutional plan friends, and acquaintances of the Rev racy and freedom against which George of checks and balances can hardly be deemed Washington warned lies not only in the ad perfect----Oan function without the appropri erend Joseph Kozlowski of Glen Cove, hesion of power to a single man, the Presi ate human beings to run them. The Founders L.I., who will celebrate a Mass of dent, but the adhesion of power to the execu had in mind not only a concept of the Presi Thanksgiving on June 9 at 12: 30 at St. tive office of the President: an executive of dency but the kind of man they wanted when Hyacinth's Auditorium to mark his silver fice that encompasses the C.I.A., the National they prepared Article II. jubilee. Security Council, the Council of Economic Despite their great respect for Washington, Father Kozlowski, who was ordained Ad·Jisers, and the Office of Management and they limited the executive power as no na Budget among its unchecked, unlimited, and June 11, 1949, has been pastor of St. tional government had ever before limited Hyacinth's Church since 1970. unelected "guardians" of the American peo executive power. The need for a Washington ple. To use Mr. Heren's analogy, what we was, nevertheless, pervasively felt. The prob · Following his ordination 25 years ago, have witnessed in the Kennedy, the Johnson, lem of finding the right men for the right Father Kozlowski served for 11 years as and the Nixon administrations is a return governmental posts has plagued us from the a curate in St. Hyacinth's. From 1960 to to that period of English history when the beginning. The distinguished French histor 1970, he was assigned to St. Hedwig's power was not wielded solely by the king but ian, Francois Guizot supplied the introduc Church, Floral Park. by the king and his council, i.e., to the period tion to Jared Spark's biography of Wash that led up to the American Revolution. Father Kozlowski was born in Queens. ington. In 1837, Guizot wrote: He attended Holy Cross School in Mas A startlingly perceptive and insightful "The disposition of the most eminent men, work, Professor Bernard Bailyn's The Idealog peth and St. John Kanty Prep, Erie, Pa. ical Origins of the American Revolution, and of the best among the most eminent, to published in 1967, demonstrates that the in keep aloof from public affairs, in a free demo He studied for 1 year at Cathedral Col tellectual case for the American Revolution cratic society, is a serious fa.ct .... It would lege in Brooklyn and graduated from SS. June 6, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18207 Cyril and Methodius Seminary; Orchard of the Juvenile Review Board. In short, serves total approximately 65 million acres, his energy and enthusiasm in the peo leaving an estimated 750 million open to oil Lake, Mich. and gas leasing. Father Kozlowski is the chaplain of ple's behalf make him an inspiration to "Approximately ten percent of these lands the Pulaski Police Association of Nassau all of those whose lives he has touched. are presently under Federal oil and gas lease. county and in 1972 was the grand We at St. Mary's are grateful for hav As of June 30, 1973, there was 104,218 out marshal of the Pulaski Day Parade in ing Father McQueeney as our pastor. He standing Federal oil and gas leases embracing New York City. has always sought excellence in the per 74,292,109 acres. The peak leasing activity He is also active in several Polish, civic, formance of his priestly duties. His hard occurred in 1960 when 139,553 oil and gas and community organizations in Glen work and many contributions and ac leases were outstanding, embrasing 113,675,- 492 acres. Almost all this was due to the Cove. complishments reflect a boundless com "gold rush" atmosphere in Alaska at the time I am proud that I will be among those passion for and commitment to all those surrounding the initial discovery of oil. In present at the silver jubilee banquet to be around him. 1960 there were 16,547 leases embracing 34,- celebrated in Father Koslowski's honor Mr. Speaker, I am delighted to honor 908,153 acres in Alaska. As of June 30, 1973, on Friday, June 7. I join with all of Father McQueeney at this truly auspici there were only 2,443 outstanding oil and gas Congress in extending our best wishes ous time, and to wish him continued leases in Alaska embracing 4,509,978 acres. and congratulations to Father Koslowski health and happiness in God's work In addition, there are over 1,000 leases em on this joyous occasion for his service to which truly is his own. bracing about 4,400,000 acres on the Outer Continental Shelf. God and community. "All Federal lands subject to operation of the oil and gas leasing acts are open to leas ing at all times. Except for lands in known THE CASE FOR A FEDERAL OIL AND geologic structures of producing oil and gas FORTIETH ANNIVERSARY OF THE GAS CORPORATION-NO. 40 fields, all lands are open for filing of appli ORDINATION OF THE REVEREND cations to lease. Less than ten pe1·cent 01' all JOHN J. MCQUEENEY Federal lands (Naval Petroleum Reserves) HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON are unavailable for on and gas leasing." OF MASSACHUSETTS Yet, federal leases have never covered more HON. ELLA T. GRASSO IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES than 15 percent of the available federal lands. OF CONNECTICUT The development of these resources is in Wednesday, June 5, 1974 fluenced by several factors, the determina IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion of which involves costly and time con Wednesday, June 5, 1974 Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, the suming geological and geophysical proce American Enterprise Institute for pub dures to see if a potential resource thought to Mrs. GRASSO. Mr. Speaker, later this lic policy research, in a recently released exist does exist. The USGS has not had the month parishioners of St. Mary's Church analysis of the Federal Oil and Gas Cor funding or the manpower to adequately carry in Windsor Locks-the parish in which poration, presents an excellent overview out these procedures. In addition, it has been my family and I have lived all the days of the oil and gas resources available on suggested that the present system of bidding of my life-will honor our pastor, Father Federal lands. for rights to explore for and develop energy John J. McQueeney on the 40th anniver resources on federal lands is not the best Because the Federal Oil and Gas Cor means of developing these resources. There sary of his ordination. poration has as its mandate the develop fore, vital domestic energy supplies remain It is with a deep sense of pride and af ment of resources on public lands, it is to be tapped, and they are located largely on fection that I join my fellow parishioners important to realize the magnitude of federal lands. How these resources should in paying tribute to this good and decent those resources. be developed is now the policy issue before man. His hard work and diligent efforts An excerpt from the report follows: the United States Congress. in the vineyards of the Lord have meant ISSUES ON USE OF FEDERAL LANDS TO MEET so much to the people of my hometown NATIONAL ENERGY NEEDS and other communities in which he has According to advocates of a. Federal Oil served. The parishioners of Windsor and Gas Corporation, the primary task of BERKELEY SCHOOL BOARD AGAINST Locks have had the good fortune to have FOGCO would be to explore for, develop, and BUSING RESTRICTIONS Father McQueeney as our pastor since produce the large deposits of oil and nat 1962. His first pastorate was at St. John ural gas on la.nds owned by the federal gov HON. RONALD V. DELLUMS the Evangelist in West Hartford, while ernment in order to satisfy national energy he received curate appointments earlier needs. OF CALIFORNIA at churches in Bridgeport, Norwalk, and The USGS has estimated that there a.re al IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES most 500 billion barrels of on in proven indi Elmwood. cated additional and undiscovered reserves, Wednesday, June 5, 1974 Father's training for the priesthood and almost 2,400 trillion cubic feet of proven Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, for years began at St. Thomas Seminary in a.nd undiscovered natw·al gas reserves yet Berkeley, Calif., along with many other Bloomfield, Conn. He is also a gradu to be found onshore and offshore in the communities throughout the country, has ate of Sacred Heart University in United States. Estimates of what portion of benefited from public school busing. Bridgeport and St. Mary's College in these resources is under federal lands range from 50 to 75 percent. Busing is one way to insure the right Baltimore. He was ordained by the late to education for all on equal terms. In Bishop Maurice McAuliffe in 1934 at St. The Mineral Leasing Act of 1920 and the Acquired Lands Act of 1947 permit the leas Berkeley, despite the fears of some, bus Joseph's Cathedral in Hartford. ing of most public and acquired lands of the ing has tended to improve the school sys Father McQueeney has been a source United states for on and gas development. tem as a whole and to enrich the educa of counsel and direction, comfort, advice Excluded, however, from the operation of the tional expel'ience of a large number of and wide-ranging enthusiasm and crea act are on and gas lands in (1) national students. tive thought. His parishioners speak of parks and monuments, (2) lands acquired Recently the Berkeley Board of Edu his zeal as an educator, a community under the Appalachian Forest Reserve Act, (3) lands in military, na.va.l, and Indian res cation unanimously passed a resolution leader, and a dedicated man of God. expressing its views on the value of bus They know that selfless sacrifice for all ervations, (4) lands in incorporated cities, towns, and villages, and (6) lands in naval ing. To show that busing can be a very mankind is a true hallmark of his long petroleum and oil shale reserves. positive thing and to counter commen and distinguished career. In his testimony before the Senate Com tary to the contrary, I place in the REc Father has served St. Mary's faith merce Committee, George L. Turcott, Asso ORD at this point the following resolution fully. Under his pastoral guidance, there ciate Director of the Bureau of Land Man of the Berkeley Board of Education: have been improvements in the convent agement, discussed the quantity of federal and the parish center, the formation of a land acreage and the amount of present RESOLUTION IN OPPOSITION TO U.S. SENATE parish council and the creation of a leasing for oil and gas development: ANTIBUSING ACTION ''drop-in center" for teenagers. "Exclusive of Indian reservations, there is Whereas, the Berkeley Board of Education an estimated 815 million acres of Federal protests Congress's attempts to prevent the But his involvement does not stop land, including reserved mineral estates in integration of this nation's public schools; with his church and its people. It the United States administered by the Bu and extends deep into the whole community. reau of Land Management. Lands within the Whereas, we a-re convinced that the de He is a member of the Citizens Advisory National Park system, mmtary reservations velopment of equal educational opportunity Board on the Aged in Windsor Locks and on acquired lands and naval petroleum re- for all youngsters begins With the elimina- 18208 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 6, 1974 tion of unequally staffed and equipped tions has had a serious underlying bias to nally was not increasing fast enough to fi schools and the elimination of racial isola ward inflation which has simply been mag nance the rising costs of new plant and tion. Busing youngsters is one way to achieve nified by the special influences that I have equipment or of the materials and supplies this; and mentioned. needed to rebuild inventories. B1..slnesses be Whereas, Berkeley eliminated its ghetto Ironically, the roots of that bias lie chiefly gan to scramble for borrowed funds at com schools in 1968 with a busing program, and in the rising aspirations of people every mercial banks and in the public markets for we know it works; and where. We are a nation in a hurry for more money and capital. Whereas, the Berkeley Board of Education and more of what we consider the good Our financial markets have therefore come regrets that the two Senators from Cali things of life. I do not question that yearn under severe strain. Interest rates have risen fornia chose to join a majority of the Senate ing. Properly directed, it can be a powerful sharply; savings flows have been diverted in curtailing the court's efforts at redress force for human betterment. Difficulties from mortgage-lending institutions; security ing the profound injustice of this nation's arise, however, when people in general seek dealers have experienced losses; prices of educational practices; to reach their goals by means of short cuts, common stocks have declined; the liquidity Therefore, be it resolved that the Board and that is what has happened. of some enterprises has been called into ques of Education feels that the courts must con Of late, individuals have come to depend tion, and tensions of a financial nature have tinue to insist that racially-segregated school less and less on their own initiative and ·spilled over into international markets. districts integrate, and Congress must not in more on Government to achieve their eco Concerned as we all are about the economic any way restrict the options of local school nomic objectives. The public nowadays ex consequences of inflation, there is even great districts for complying with court orders to pects the Government to maintain prosper er reason for concern about the impact on do so. ous economic conditions, to limit such de our social and political institutions. We must clines in employment as may occasionally not risk the social stresses that persistent occur, to ease the burden of job loss or ill inflation breeds. Because of its capricious ef WARNING ON INFLATION: "FU ness or retirement, to sustain the incomes fects on the income and wealth of a nation's TURE OF OUR COUNTRY IS IN of farmers, home builders, and so on. families and businesses, inflation inevitably JEOPARDY'' These are laudable objectives, and we and causes disillusionment and discontent. I t other nations have moved a considerable dis robs millions of citizens who in their desire tance toward their realization. Unfortu to be self-reliant have set aside funds for nately, in the process of doing so, govern the education of their children or their own HON. TIM LEE CARTER mental budgets have gotten out of control, retirement, and it hits many of the poor and OF KENTUCKY wages and prices have become less respon elderly especially hard. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sive to the discipline of market forces, and In recent weeks, governments have fallen inflation has emerged as the most dangerous in several major countries, in part because Wednesday, June 5, 1974 economic ailment of our time. the citizens of those countries had lost con Mr. CARTER. Mr. Speaker, Dr. Arthur The awesome imbalance of the federal fidence in the ability of their leaders to cope budget is probably the contributory factor with the problem of inflation. Among our F. Burns, the Chairman of the Federal to inflation that you have heard the most own people, the distortions and injustices Reserve Board, warns us on inflation. I about. In the past five years, total federal ex wrought by inflation have contributed ma eommend his remarks to this body's at penditures have increased about 50 per cent. terially to distrust of Government officials tention: In that time span, the cumulative budget and of Gov"rnment policies, and even to some WARNING ON INFLATION: "FuTURE OF 0UB deficit of the Federal Government, including loss of confidence in our free-enterprise sys COUNTRY Is IN JEOPARDY" Government-sponsored enterprises, has to tem. Discontent bred by inflation can provoke (By Arthur F. Burns) taled more than 100 billion dollars. In fi profundly disturbing social and political nancing this deficit, and also in meeting change, as the history of other nations teach The gravity of our current inflationary huge demands for credit by businesses and es. I do not believe I exaggerate in saying problem can hardly be overestimated. Ex consumers, tremendous pressures have been that the ultimate consequence of inflation cept for a brief period at the end of World placed on our credit mechanisms, and the could well be a significant decline of eco War II, prices in the United States have of supply of money has grown at a rate incon nomic and political freedom for the Ameri late been rising faster than in any other sistent with price stability. can people. peacetime period of our history. If the past I am sure that each of you ... is aware There are those who believe that the experience is any guide, the future of our that some of the troublesome consequences struggle to curb inflation will not succeed country is in jeopardy. of inflation. The prices of virtually every and who conclude that it would be better No country that I know of has been able thing you buy have been rising and are still to adjust to inflation rather than to fight it. to maintain widespread economic prosperity going up. For the typical American worker, On this view, contractual payments of all once inflation got out of hand. And the un the increase in weekly earnings during the sorts--wages, salaries, Social Security bene happy consequences are by no means solely past year, while sizable in dollars, has been fits, interest on bank loans and deposits, and of an economic character. If long continued, wiped out by inflation. In fact, the real so on-should be written with escalator inflation at anything like the present rate weekly take-home pay of the average worker clauses so as to minimize the distortions and would threaten the very foundations of our is now below what it was a year ago. More injustices that inflation normally causes. society. over, the real value of accumulated savings This is a well-meaning proposal, but it is. I want to discuss briefly ... the sources of deposits has also declined, and the pressure neither sound nor practical. For one thing, our inflationary problem, the havoc being of rising prices on family budgets has led to there are hundreds of billions of dollars of wrought in the economy, and the steps that a worrisome increase in delinquency rates on outstanding contracts--on mortgages, public must be ta.ken to regain general price stabili home mortgages and consumer loans. and private bonds, insurance policies, and ty and thus strengthen confidence in our Many consumers have responded to these the like--that as a practical :natter could nation's future. developments by postponing or canceling not be renegotiated. Even with regard to A large pa.rt of the recent upsurge in plans for buying homes, autos and other big new undertakings, the obstacles to achieving prices has been due to special factors. In ticket items. Sales of new autos began to de satisfactory ·escalator arrangements in our most years, economic trends of individual cline in the spring of 1973, and so, too, did free and complex economy, where people dif nations tend to diverge. But during 1973, a sales of furniture and appliances, mobile fer so much in financial sophistication, seem business-cycle boom occurred simultaneously homes and newly built dwellings. The weak insuperable. More important still, by making in the United States and in every other major ness in consumer markets, largely engen it easier for many people to live with infla industrial country. With production rising dered by inflation, slowed our economic tion, escalator arrangements would gravely rapidly across the world, prices of labor, growth rate last year some months before weaken the discipllne that is needed to con materials and finished products were bid up the effects of the oil shortage began to be duct business and government affairs pru everywhere. felt.... To make matters worse, disappointing crop dently and efficiently. The effect on business profits was ignored "AN ILLUSORY AND DANGEROUS QUEST" harvests in a number of countries in 1972 for a time because accountants typically forced a sharp run-up in the prices of food reckon the value of inventories-and also the Universal escalation, I am therefore con la.st year. The manipulation of petroleum value of machinery and equipment used up vinced, is an illusory and dangerous quest. supplies and prices by oil-exporting countries in production-at original cost rather than at The responsible course is to fight inflation gave another dramatic push to the general with all the energy we can muster and with price level last autumn and early this year. current inflated prices. These accounting all the weapons at our command. One essen The influence of these factors is still being practices create an illusory element in prof tial ingredient in this struggle is continued felt in consumer markets, Recently, our price its-an element that is not available for dis resistance to swift growth in money and level has also reacted strongly to the re tribution to stockholders in view of the need credit. The Federal Reserve System, I assure moval of wage and price controls-a painful to replace inventories, plant and equipment you, is firmly committed to this task. We but essential adjustment in the return to at appreciably higher prices. . .. intend to encourage sufficient growth in sup free market. By early this year, a confrontation with plies of money and credit to finance orderly These special factors, however, do not economic reality could no longer be put off. economic expansion. But we are not going account for all of our inflation. For many Major business corporations found that the to be a willing party to the accommodation years, our economy and that of other na- volume of investible funds generated inter- of rampant inflation. June 6, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18209 As this year's experience has again m TRENDS IN MINORITY BUSINESS other hand, I am not going to tell you that dicated, a. serious effort to moderate the ENTERPRISE racism has suddenly vanished from the cor growth of money and credit during a period porate corridors, far from it, but there are of burgeoning credit demand results in high unmistakable signs of change and ripples of er interest rates--particularly on short-term HON. LOUIS STOKES opportunity that could become waves of progress in the future. loans. Troublesome though this rise in in OF OHIO terest rates may be, it must for a time be In preparing my remarks for this evening, tolerated. For if monetary policy sought to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I re-read the Business Leadership Lecture prevent a rise in interest rates when credit Wednesday, June 5, 1974 given by Asa T. Spaulding at the Graduate demands were booming, money and credit School of Business Administration of the would expand explosively, with devastating Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, at the re University of Michigan when he received the effects on the price level. Any such policy cent 34th annual awards banquet of the School's prestigious Award for Business Lead would in the end be futile, even as far as Cleveland Business League, I had the op ership in 1971. interest rates are concerned, because these portunity to hear a most informative re Mr. Spaulding, who as you know is the re 1·ates would soon reflect the rise in the port on the status of minority business tired president of the North Carolina Mutual price level and therefore go up all the more. enterprises by Mr. Abraham S. Venable, Life Insurance Company, and now Chairman We must not let that happen. of the Board of Trustees of Howard Univer director of urban affairs for the General sity, is a man I admire greatly. In his Busi But I cannot emphasize too strongly that Motors Corp. ness Leadership Lecture, he said: monetary policy alone cannot solve our stub Mr. Venable's statement reviewed the " ... despite our country's shortcomings, I born inflationary problem. We must work progress of GM in this most important still believe America provides the best soil, simultaneously at lessening the powerful area, and outlined potential methods for democracy the best climate, the free enter underlying bias toward inflation that stems prise system the best incentives, and freedom from excessive total demands on our limited increasing minority efforts and owner the best opportunity, for the growth and resources. This means, among other things, ship in the business community. development of the whole man and the that the federal budget has to be handled I ask my colleagues to give Mr. Ven achievement of the highest potentials of each more responsibly than it has been in the able's perceptive address their closest individual." past. consideration, and, accordingly, I submit This sums up my own views in spite of the I do not expect that the path back to it to the RECORD: fact that so much remains to be done in as reasonable price stability can be traveled REMARKS OF ABRAHAM S. VENABLE suring blacks an even chance at the starting quickly. Indeed, our Government will need to line. And, yet I know that until all minorities take numerous steps to reduce the inflation Thanks very much Mr. Hamilton, Congress have the opportunity to gain a meaningful ary bias of our economy besides those I have man Stokes, Judge Whiting, Mr. Wynne, dis economic stake in the future of America emphasized. tinguished guests, honorees, members and there can be no real. solution to our urban friends of the Cleveland Business League. problems. The forces of competition in labor and I'm deeply grateful for this opportunity to product markets need to be strengthened Prior to joining GM, I was the Director of participate in your 34th Annual Awards Ban the Office of Minority Enterprise at the U.S. perhaps by establishing wage and price re quet. I must confess, however, that when view boards to minimize abuses of economic Department of Commerce in Washington, I accepted your invitation, I did not realize D.C. And even though I have now been away power, certainly through more vigorous en that today, Good Friday, is one of the few forcement of the antitrust laws, besides elim from this office for 3 years, many of my ination of barriers to entry in skilled occu holidays at General Motors. SO, in spite of thoughts and most of my concerns are stm pations, reduction of barriers to imports from the fact that my wife has refused to speak deeply rooted in the minority enterprise ef abroad, and modification of minimum-wage to me for leaving town today, I do appreciate fort. The purpose of this office was and is laws to improve job opportunities for teen the opportunity to spend this evening with today to promote wider ownership of busi agers. Impediments to increased production you. ness among blacks and other minorities. that still remain in farming, construction This is my third trip to Cleveland since It is not a new movement by any means. work and other industries need to be re joining General Motors three years ago. As Ironically, this latest thrust of the civil rights moved. And greater incentives should be pro you may recall, on March 20th of last year movement dates back to the days of Booker vided for enlarging our capacity to produce GM quite appropriately presented a report T. Washington, 74 years ago. This great man's industrial materials, energy and other prod to the community of Cleveland to outline its dream was of an America. in which-at long ucts in short supply. many activities in areas of crucial concern to last--the black man would enjoy a full meas members of the minority community. Let me ure of economic, political and social justice. "INFLATION CANNOT BE ELIMINATED WITHOUT give you the latest :figures on a few of the The vehicle to translate this dream into real COST" programs in which GM is presently involved. ity was to be business ownership. But if inflation cannot be ended quickly, In the area of minority suppliers, General But that was 74 years ago--the turn of the neither can lt be eliminated without cost. Motors is presently doing business with ap century-and Booker T. Washington's idea Some industries will inevitably operate for a proximately 450 minority firms. Purchases was one whose time had not come. On the time at lower rates of production than they from these suppliers last year totaled about other hand, there were many siinilarities be would prefer. Government cannot--and $14 million. tween conditions and moods of that time and should not--try to compenstate fully for all In Motor Enterprises, GM's Minority Enter today. Looking back, we see that: such occurrences. Such a poUcy would involve prise Small Business Investment Company, Some said the solution to their racial ills negating with one hand what was being at we have approved loans to 96 minority firms lay in amassing political power-in other tempted with the other. 1n 39 cities and 13 states. General Motors words, "black power". But Government does have a proper ame has loaned approximately $2.2 million and Others said it was in amassing economic liorative role to play in areas, such as housing, this has generated another $10.6 m1llion 1n power-we call it "green power". wliere the incidence of credit restraint has loans from other sources for a total of $12.8 some said they should work toward a fully been disproportionately heavy.... And my million in :financing assistance. integrated society; personal judgment is that it would be ad Several yea.rs a.go, General Motors issued a Others called for a parallel, duplicating, visable, too, for Government to be prepared, policy that it would make bank deposits in black-owned and managed society, and so every known minority bank. Presently 62 on; if need be, to expand the roster of pub11c minority banks have GM deposits and this Some gave up completely, calling attempts service jobs. . .. It would conflict much less represents about 15% of the 403 banks with at reform useless. They turned their backs with basic anti-inflation objectives than which GM does business. on the American dream and prepared to would the conventional alternative of general In the area of minority dealerships, 88 migrate to Africa. monetary or fiscal stimulus. minority individuals presently operate GM The resemblances between then and now A cut in personal income taxes, for dealerships, of this number 26 are black. are striking. The only major difference is that instance, would serve to perpetuate budget In addition, 670 other minority business today the overwhelming majority of blacks deficits. Not only that, f.t might prove of little men sell and service products from AC Spark have not given up. They are not preparing to a.id to the particular industries or localities Plug, Frigidaire, and United Delco Divisions migrate to Africa. Instead, they are prepared that are now experiencing economic diffi throughout the United States. to stand up and fight for a full and equal culty..•• And, :finally, of the 7 broker-agents han share of America's economic pie. In concluding, I would simply repeat my dling GM's blanket property damage insur Today, almost three-quarters of a century central message: There is no easy way out ance, three are black. With the three black after Booker T. Washington first issued his firms, $1 Y:z blllion of insurance have been call for blacks to organize themselves eco of the inflationary morass into which we have placed with them representing almost 16% nomically, current statistics indicate that allowed ourselves to sing through negligence of GM's total property damage coverage. minorities constitute 17% of our population and imperfect vision. But I am confident that This ls merely a status report on the efforts -but they own and operate less than 3 % of we will succeed if the American people be of one company. While much remains to be the businesses and control less than Y:z of 1 % come more alert to the challenge. . . • This done, I a.m convinced that the doors of eco of the capital assets. objective ls within our means and is essential nomic opportunity are slowing opening, both Further, a closer look shows that many to our nation's future. inside and outside General Motors. On the black-owned businesses are still in the serv- 18210 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 6, 1974 Ice and trades industries. Operationally, they sire and the will to take a risk. If he doesn't, even "business" entitles but merely self are very small, comparable to the typical, he has little or no chance of success. employed individuals who get paid for labor white-owned business of 40, 50, 60 and even And, next the business opportunity. And, but do not make a. profit o.f a.ny kind. 70 years ago. In other words, most black here we are talking- about a realistic oppor As a result, very few black firms can gain business today is still at the mom-and-pop tunity which can provide an entrepreneur membership to a. mainstream trade associ store stage and it is easy to see why. Minori with a good standard of living and provide ation today Ju.st beca.use of that fact: they ties were not a part of the so-called indus an adequate return on investment to the a.re not in most cases on a par with suc trial and economic development of this coun individual or the stockholders. cessful businesses. try. As a result, minority-owned business to Third, the money. Too often most people Thus, black entrepreneurs need something day is still struggling to survive whlle---for consider money to be the sole ingredient that is similar in structure to trade asso the rest of industry-sales a.re higher than for a successful business. An entrepreneur ciations but radically different in level of they have ever been in the history of the must have sufficient capital but he must first emphasis. The black structure must do more world. Black business at best is marginal and, have a reasonable business opportunity for than offer economies in purchasing, advertis if it ever had to pay for the free family labor which he is adequately trained or experi ing, and so forth. It must stress education that goes into it, most would undoubtedly enced. Therefore, money is important but in business systems and procedures. The be submarginal. only as a final part of a total business pack point may seem trivial, but actual experience It is not surprising that many minority age. has shown such education is the most vital parents still tend to discourage their children Last, but not least, technical assistance. and meaningful form of assistance we can from seeking careers in business. Too often Blacks in most cases have not been a part give to the majority of existing black busi they find that minority enterprise represents of the industrial and economic development nessmen. For that reason, the structure I the fashionable thing to discuss but obviously of this country. As a result, the majority are am recommending as an initial step is not, not the logical thing to do. However, in spite by necessity not familiar with the most ad properly speaking, a. "trade association' but of what appears to be a. somewhat bleak pic vanced business techniques that are being a "Business Organization." ture, I don't think it would be at all fair to used in today's competitive world-to assure Most accurately described, a "Business Or say that there is no hope for the future efficiency and profitability in business man ganization" embodies the cooperative joining black business development. Quite the con agement. Unfortunately, in too many cases, of businesses engaged in similar or identical trary, I have found that many of the seeds most technical assistance has represented the lines of activity into a trade association have been sown and there is a deep seated "blind leading the blind." and through such an association-work can determination by many blacks and whites to And, this brings me to the key point in begin on standardizing all operational pro get the show on the road-in the face of over my remarks. I doubt very seriously if any cedures and marketing techniques. Such a whelming odds and loss expectations. one in this audience this evening would ques sharing of experience allows the individual In many ways this could be a new day, and tion the fact that in most instances those participating firms an opportunity to up while I have pointed out that there are strik blacks who already own and operate the grade themselves in order to meet the mini ing-if not alarming-similarities between many small businesses throughout the black mum standards of operation necessary for conditions at the turn of the century and community represent the forgotten souls of survival and growth in the general market. now, I want to point out also that there are modern capitalistic advancement. We have The total effort of the organization is di at lea.st three new forces for change which I seen that they barely make enough to sur rected at maximizing efficiency and profit believe can make tomorrow better than today vive; many are 30 to 50 years behind their ability. This, and only this, will give the and eventually change a nightmare into hope white competitors in systems and procedures minority businessman an equal chance at for the future. know-how, they a.re struggling to keep the the starting line. This concept ties in the The first and most important of these tiny market that is left as table scraps by key elements and ingredients reflected in the forces for change are the many individuals the large firms. They are weak and they are evolution of capitalism-from the "mom and organizations like the Cleveland Busi all alone. and-pop store" to the voluntary chain, to the ness League that have unrelentingly, imagi Admittedly, there is great merit in those large corporation and finally to the com natively, a.nd constructively kept the Nation's assistance programs which encourage blacks mercial or industrial giant. attention focused on one of its foremost to establish new businesses. But, in my mind, The Business Organization concept is a pieces of unfinished business-insuring mi we face a much greater problem in trying to tested and proven mechanism. It was first noriti~ their rightful place at the starting improve the efficiency and profitability of tried by Howard University in Washington, line on the road to business ownership. those minority businesses already in exist D.C. where 85 black dry cleaners were orga The second force for change is the result ence. And, until we develop effective tech nized into a trade association. To achieve of the first. It is the majority community's niques to provide meaningful assistance to the necessary objectives, participating dry realization that our entire country will pros existing black businesses, there can be no cleaners standardized their operational pro per even more when everyone---regardless of real hope for a successful black business de cedures, including such items as quality con race, color or national origin-participates velopment effort. This represents a necessary trol, physical appearance or image standards, equally in this Nation's economy. first step in changing the basic image of accounting methods, etc. Out of this experi The third force is the result of the first black business a.t its lowest level. ence ca.me a new awakening by black dry two. It came into being on March 5, 1969, As we all know, what most minority busi cleaners in Washington, D.C. Not only did when the federal government established the nessmen need is not more rhetoric or an il they purchase a building for their trade as Office of Minority Business Enterprise. lusion of attaining the impossible dream, but sociation headquarters but they reduced the This represented the first time that the simply a foothold on the advancement lad cost of hangers almost 65 % through group Federal Government officially recognized, by der which has led to the prosperity of main purchasing. Executive Order the role of blacks and other stream firms. For most mainstream busi There were many problems, but these were minorities as owners and operators of the nesses, that foothold has often been the trade expected. For nothing good comes easy. means of production. While this does repre association. Let me go into more detail. As a tool of survival and growth, the Busi sent a significant step forward, it should be The trade association concept is not a new ness Organization concept is relatively new clearly understood that the Federal Govern approach nor does it depend heavily on in to minority businessmen. It represents a ment cannot, should not, and must not be puts from the outside community. It is sim more far-reaching and effective means of relied upon solely by the black community ply an organization of successful business upgrading marginal businesses than pro as a.n all encompassing entity to plan its men having similar interests and needs who grams involving guidance, counseling and destiny. The role of the Federal Government can benefit from cooperative effort. Amalga training. This does not mean that these can only be supportive of the desires of the mation allows them to retain their individual tools are unimportant. On the contrary, they people. And, while I have great hope for the pride and freedom while discovering, through are a vital part of Business Organization, Office of :Minority Business Enterprise, its ef action and involvement, the merit of co with the concepts of guidance, counseling forts--even if totally successful-will barely operation and mutual improvement. To and training built-in. It provides the mech scratch the surface in resolving this mon gether, these businessmen can achieve econo anism for the businessman to take full strous problem created by years of depriva mies of scale in purchasing, group advertis advantage of his training, and enables him tion and discrimination. Stlll these forces for ing, employe benefits, and business services. to move up to a more efficient and productive change in my mind clearly set the tone for Among themselves, they can exchange infor level of operation. The Business Organization the future and if properly utilized will un mation on quality standards, pricing policies, is useful in single-line operations on the doubtedly determine the destiny of our diversification opportunities, and operating local level as well as multi-line business on black entrepreneurs. We can succeed if we techniques. a regional or national level. apply the right approaches a.nd techniques The trade association would be an ideal I am convinced that Business Organization to resolving the most critical and pressing of minority-owned businesses represent an minority business problems. structure for "bootstrap" upgrading of exist effective means of setting in motion self Usually most practitioners in the minority ing black businesses--except for one very perpetuating machinery which will even enterprise field generally agree that there important thing: the trade association is a tually a.now the minority community to are 4. ingredients necessary for a successful mainstream invention; it amalgamates ba function and grow on its own as a. vital part business. sically viable firms. of the total business community. First, the man, and he is most important. Most existing black firms are typically not Many people have stated tha.t blacks have He must have the entrepreneurial juices viable according to mainstream standards. not taken those steps that represent a neces the stamina. the stick-to-it-iveness, the de- Indeed, by strict definition, many are not sary pre-requisite in achieving economic
• June 6, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18211 independence. In my mind, the first step dictions into more logical fashion, stripping malnutrition and disease, or the hundreds must be to organize the existing business such powerful bastions as House Ways and of thousands of dedicated men and women institutions in the black community at the Means of control over health and trade leg who staff them? most efficient operational level. This would islation and crea,ting a single committee to The media never mention their own profits include the barber shops, the beauty parlors, handle energy and environmental bills. but hold up their hands in self-righteous the dry cleaning stores, the auto repair shops, No reform is painless and this one ran horror at those of oil companies, never men and all other small businesses which blacks into predictable opposition from Ways and tioning the billions necessary to build enough operate in relatively large numbers. The po Means Chairman Wilbur Mills and others refineries to meet the oil crisis. tential profit and the resulting savings would who want no dilution in either their author This used to be a happy country, full of astound you. ity or number of assignments. Joining them reasonably happy people. But we've been fed With the civil rights focus now having were strong voices in labor and business, trouble and sadness so long that that's all we t urned at last to the role of blacks as owners anxious to preserve working relationships can see or hear. and operators of the means of production with present chairmen and staffs. There's more music in America than we all must realize that the time for philo The public disenchantment with Congress discord! sophical debate has long since passed. In is not likely to be dispelled until it demon essence, I am saying that if going into busi strates its ability to conduct the public busi ness is ever going to represent a meaningful ness more effectively. The proposed reforms PRIVACY goal for black people, we must recognize the would create greater efficiency and fairness problems and develop a system and proce in the handling of legisla..tion. dure approach based on those techniques There is still a chance that reform will be HON. WAYNE OWENS which the majority communit y has used and enacted in some form later this year. Any OF UTAH is using to achieve its economic goals. dilution, it needs to be said, could hurt what So, in conclusion, the question is not is already a modest proposal, one that leaves IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES whether we take those steps through which unchanged the rigid seniority system and the Wednesday, June 5, 1974 we can share significantly in the ownership obstructionist Rules Committee. of America's means of production-the ques House Democrats should put aside selfish Mr. OWENS. Mr. Speaker, nearly 50 tion is "How?" and "When?" When are we interests and enact responsible committee re years ago Supreme Court Justice Oliver in the black community going to work to form. Wendell Holmes characterized· illegal gether in a concerted manner to attack the vicious problems discrimination has caused wiretapping as "dirty business." In the in the development of black business? same case another great jurist, Louis So, this evening I call upon each of you UNITED STATES-THE GREATEST Brandeis, said that the right to be left to pledge yourself to make the 70's the era alone-that is, the right to privacy-is of true emancipation. What Booker T. Wash so important that "every unjustifiable in ington attempted to do 74 years ago became HON. TIM LEE CARTER trusion by the Government upon the pri little more than a dream. It is certainly far OF KENTUCKY vacy of the individual, whatever the past the time that we should have awaken from that dream! IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES means employed, must be deemed a vio Thank you. lation of the fourth amendment." Wednesday, June 5, 1974 Ironically enough, a majority of the Mr. CARTER. Mr. Speaker, it becomes Supreme Court in 1928 disagreed with increasingly distasteful to read and hear both Holmes and Brandeis and held that THE DEMOCRATIC CAUCUS: discourses on gloom, doom and disaster. the Constitution does not protect the "BLOCKING HOUSE REFORM" Last night, for instance, I heard a promi privacy of persons against wiretapping. nent editorialist who spoke disparagingly Holmes and Brandeis wrote the words of the razzle-dazzle diplomacy of the quoted above in dissenting opinions. HON. DAVE MARTIN Honorable Henry Kissinger and indicated But since then the law has changed that perhaps his tactics were too much progressed, I think-as the law so often OF NEBRASKA on the :flamboyant side. does, and now these quoted words have IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I would remind this member of the become the law of the land. We have come Wednesday, June 5, 1974 fearless forum contributing to the Wash a long way, but we have further yet to Mr. MARTIN of Nebraska. Mr. ington Star that without the astute diplo go in protecting individuals' privacy in Speaker, the Nation's media have been macy of the Honorable Henry Kissinger today's society. virtually unanimous in condemning the the oil embargo would not have been Many legal scholars agree that the Democratic Caucus action which last lifted, and this country would have been right to privacy is one of our most basic month prevented the Committee Re 1n the throes of a deep depression. How constitutional freedoms. Yet, the word forms Amendments of 1974 (H. Res. this Secretary of State of evidently great "privacy" is mentioned nowhere in the 988) from receiving floor consideration. genius has accomplished so much in such entire Bill of Rights. The reason for this A noteworthy statement, "Blocking little time beggars the imagination. As I can be found in the fact that life is dif House Reform," appeared May 15 in the have stated previously, there is no ques ferent today from the way it was in 1789 Philadelphia Bulletin. tion but that he is the greatest diplomat when the first 10 amendments to the The editorial points out that public since Disraeli, probably in history. Constitution were ratified. There were no dissatisfaction with Congress-now at an Instead of constantly accenting the telephones, and therefore no wiretaps. alltime high-demands that we take negative, let us strike up the band and There were no "bugging" devices, no data quick and decisive steps to improve the accent the positive! The United States of banks, no computers, no credit agencies effectiveness of our handling of public America is still the greatest and most performing investigations, no tape re· policy problems. The public is not easily compassionate nation in the world. corders and no hidden cameras. fooled, and they are judging the caucus I include the following article for your With this in mind, it is clear that our action for what it is: placing private attention: Founding Fathers did indeed intend to convenience above public responsibility. STRIKE UP THE BAND! protect citizens' privacy by writing the The Philadelphia Bulletin message is Sensationalism, they say, sells more mag fourth amendment to our Constitution. loud and clear: azines, newspapers, TV shows than good It protects persons, houses, papers, and cheer-but we think it's time the country House Democrats should put aside selfish effects from unreasonable searches and got the facts instead of all the fright. seizures. Protection against wiretapping interests and enact responsible committee re The media never show us the miles of form. pleasant homes owned by workmen; they and "bugging" was secured by a neces sary judicial interpretation. The editorial "Blocking House Re concentrate on the slums. They never mention our 85,000,000 jobs As our society changes it is imperative form" follows: (still the best in the world)-they concen that our rules of conduct, our laws, must BLOCKING HOUSE REFORM trate on what unemployment there is. change too. Today there are threats to House Democrats who voted in caucus to You never see pictures nor articles about our privacy which Jefferson and Hamil send a congressional reorganization plan the 400,000 and more young volunteers who back to committee, effectively killing chances man classes and clinics, working to cure drug ton could have never foreseen. We must of early passage, placed private convenience addiction and trying to prevent youthful make sure that our laws continue to pro above public responsibility. crime. tect us. The relatively modest plan would have When have you seen an article about our I am concerned with the privacy of in redrawn committee assignments and Juris- thousands of hospitals and clinics to cure dividuals, and protecting that privacy 18212 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 6, 1974 against Government intrusion. Of course, teaches us that we also must try to re correct" principle should be kept to an we must weigh the Government's right strict access to and limit the private in absolute minimum. to know and use certain information, in formation which the Government has in Indeed, we should, where approp1iate, formation concerning individuals, for its order to protect ow· privacy. Only with apply the "right to correct" rule to non proper functioning. In making these institutions and laws which are sensi governmental agencies which keep files judgments, however, we should consider tive to and meet the threat to privacy, on individuals such as credit bureaus, just how pervasive and penetrating are as well as leadership committed to pre utilities, insurance companies, and cer the eyes of some of our governmental serving p1ivacy, will the privacy of our tain other businesses. These files, in pri institutions: citizens be adequately protected. vate hands, can cause serious economic Alan Westin in his book, "Privacy and I support several proposals, both gen harm or humiliation to individuals. And Freedom," reported: eral and specific, which I feel meet some of course, access to these files is not re At least 50 different federal agencies have of the problems in this area and which stricted. It seems only fair that people substantial investigative a.nd enforcement embody a program to insure the privacy have a right to look at these files to cor functions, providing a. corps of more than of our citizens is respected by our Fed rect mistakes which they may contain. 20,000 "investigators." eral Government. The "right to correct" principle will Until checked, the Army in the 1960's :r. LYMYTED ACCESS TO :INFORMATION serve to do more than just correct errors. had more than 1,500 plainclothesmen re First, access to personal or confiden By knowing that individuals will have porting on individuals to scores of data tial information submitted to the Federal access to these files, both Government banks. Government should be strictly limited to and business will be more careful in col Between 1968 and 1972, Federal, State, those "who need to know" that informa lecting information and will restrict the and local government wiretapped more tion in order to carry out a specific, le information which they collect to that than 1,6-23,000 conversations involving gitimate Government function. This pol needed for legitimate purposes in order about 120,000 people. icy should be embodied in law, and where to avoid embarrassment and complaints. A report from the Department of appropriate, Agencies should be required III. STATE PRIVACY RULES TO CONTROL Health, Education, and Welfare said to limit access to such information to a Recently, it has become clear that flatly last summer: list of certain Government employees. State procedures to protect privacy can Under current law, a. person's privacy is Also, transferring such information be undermined by Federal programs poorly protected against arbitrary or abusive from one Government agency to another seeking State data. For example, certain recordkeeping practices. must be strictly controlled. In many States such as Massachusetts are now By far one of the greatest potential cases, such transfers should be forbidden. battling the Federal Government to keep threats to our privacy derives from the And no transfers should ever be per the confidentiality of their criminal technological advances in our record mitted for political purposes. records in the face of the federally spon keeping capabilities. Computers and data I believe this policy, firmly embedded sored, computer program to centralize banks have created an unprecedented in our Government's procedures, will all such information. potential for abuse by private institu aid in keeping confidential what should I believe that when a State govern tions, such as credit agencies, as well as be confidential, whether it be tax infor ment collects p1ivate information by governmental agencies. Here again, mation, confidential business informa whether it is tax information, health we have to bring the law up-to-date and tion, medical records, or other categories records, court records, or whatever make sure it keeps up with advances in of information which deal with individ and the State promises to keep that in technology. uals' personal lives. formation confidential, then the Federal In his book ''Databanks in a Free So Not only should this information be Government should respect those pro ciety," Westin makes this very point: restricted to those who have demon tections and provide equally stringent strated a bona fl.de need to know, but But the reality of the 1960s was that civil guarantees of privacy for that informa liberties in record-keeping was an underde also non-Government agencies should tion. veloped area. of American law. Thus, com never receive such information without IV. PRIVACY IN OUR SCHOOLS puters moved into the world of organiza the consent of the individual involved. Privacy is especially important for ow· tional record-keeping at a time when both Private parties, whether they are poten children. Our schools and at times, other American law and public opinion were just tial employers, credit agencies, insur agencies of government deal with our beginning to confront the problems of de ance companies, or private investigators children as parents, and so often deal fining more clearly what rights of privacy have no business receiving such informa with confidential information. Because and due process individuals should have in the various major zones of manual record tion without the explicit approval of the of this added access to such private in keeping that had come to exercise a. major person involved. This principle should formation, there must be added vigi effect on the lives of individuals in the post also be contained in our Federal law. lance to preserve its privacy. This has World War II era. ll. THE RIGHT TO CORRECT been done in many juvenile court sys tems, where many proceedings are kept Of cow"Se, this whole issue of privacy In many instances, Government files may contain incorrect or derogatory in from the press and the public. I believe has taken on a new aspect due to Water such special protection should be ex gate. The Watergate affair, and all the formation about an individual and these e1T01"S, unknown to that person, go un tended to other areas. immoral and illegal activity associated For example, it has recently come to with it, is not primarily a matter of pri coITected. In many instances this can be remedied by allowing each citizen to in public attention that the Federal Office vacy. But it does demonstrate that a of Education has been administering great threat to our privacy exists from spect the Government file dealing with him or her and allowing that person to questionnaires to children in order to political leaders who are willing to ma evaluate certain of their programs. nipulate the Government to serve their add a statement to the fl.le and to re quest the Government to correct any These questionnaires have contained own needs. In Watergate, not only did questions about social background, fam the Nixon administration or the Nixon errors. This is the surest and the easiest reelection campaign use private individ way to eliminate inaccm·ate or harmful ily life, emotional stability, sex, and uals to spy upon and wiretap others; just material and to let our citizens know other matters which many people find as harmful, they used information which what about him or her is in the Govern offensive and intrusive. While I believe the Government legitimately possessed, ment's files. we must not cripple Government pro such as tax retw·ns, for totally illegiti Of course, certain files, by their very grams by unreasonably restricting the mate pw·poses. This was a :flagrant vio nature, would have to be excluded from information they seek, we must be vigi lation of the responsibilities of office and this "right to correct" category. For ex lant in opposing Federal effcrts to gather ample, current criminal investigative facts from us or our children which in remains a potential threat to our lib trude too far into our privacy. erties. files cannot be made available to the sub One answer-the most obvious one- ject of such an investigation while it is What is particularly disturbing about to this problem is to elect principled taking place. Also, certain medical files these questionnaires is the fact that they leaders. Of course, this must be done. But may have to be kept confidential. How were presented to children by teachers the experience of the past !ew years ever, these exceptions to the "right to authority figures whom the children June 6, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18213 obeyed-without any consent or knowl NEW YORK STATE COMES TO ment of the eastern half of the -site on which edge by the children's parents. HARLEM the State Office Building is located and we will aggressively support the right of the Just as important as protecting our businessmen who were forced to move, to children's privacy from questions in have first claim on returning to the site. school, I think we must guard zealously HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL school records involving our children. OF NEW YORK Here the main problem is school records, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HARLEM HAILS OPENING OF STATE OFFICE BUILDING which often deal with disciplinary prob Wednesday, June 5, 1974 lems, emotional difficulties, and family ( By Simon Andkwe) matters. In high schools and colleges, Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, on May Performing his first official function in where counseling is often available, 20, the New York State Harlem Office Harlem since succeeding Nelson Rockefeller, health or mental health records may be Building was dedicated. This impressive Governor Malcolm Wilson opened the $36- involved. With these files, which are structure on the corner of 125th Street million, 20-story Harlem State Office Building and Seventh Avenue will benefit both at 125th St. and 7th Ave., Monday afternoon, needed for the proper functioning of our amidst memories of the confrontation which school system, we must exercise special Harlem and New York City. The dedica delayed the construction of the project an care, for students do not and cannot tion served as an occasion for reflection nounced Sept. 17, 1966. maintain the privacy of their lives, and on the role of Harlem in the city, its his "This is an historic occasion," the Gov there are many outside parties such as tory, its growth, and its future. I insert ernor said. "For there has never been, in the employers, who naturally look to such into the RECORD the mayor's dedication history of our Nation. Black participation in records for information. Sometimes it s·tatement and three newspaper articles a project on this scale in terms of jobs, in about the ceremony. These items reflect vestment, site designation, selection of archi is an agency of the Federal Government, tect, contractors, subcontractors and train Federal investigators, or private parties the implications for Harlem of the com ing programs for Black people of the com working under a Federal grant who are pletion of the modern, State office build munity.'' ing. seeking such data. MAINLY BLACK REMARKS BY MAYOR ABRAHAM D. BEAME To protect our children, I believe that Flanking the Governor as he spoke from school records involving personal mat I am especially pleased to bring you the the dais facing 125th St. were high federal, ters should not be released to anyone greetings and congratulations of the entire state and city officials as well as distinguished outside the school system connected with City of New York at this dedication which is men and women from the community. Seated so important to the future of Harlem. facing him on the cemented courtyard was the Federal Government without the in This State Office Building, providing jobs another distinguished group, mainly Black, formed consent of the parents of the for Harlem residents and a new look on 125th seated along an inverted E without the mid child involved. This simple protection Street, will be an economic shot in the arm. st1·oke. will guard against any possible abuses And, I think we can say that not only "It is a monument to the Harlem com of these records. Of course, once a child Harlem will benefit, but also the City of New munity-and to the State's confidence in the reaches 18, he or she should make the York and the State of New York. future of Harlem," the Governor said. appropriate decision on release of these For I believe that the destinies of all "That confidence was inspired by the spirit records. neighborhoods are linked together, and each of cooperation which developed between the neighborhood that grows and prospers con community and the State during the build I make these proposals today, knowing tributes to the well-being of the entire City. ing's planning and construction," he said. full well that they are simply a few steps I believe that the new office building is There was cooperation from the start but to meet a potential problem. But I be the forerunner of a new Harlem. initially it was essentially with the commu lieve they should be taken, because our I can assure you that the City govern nity's business, professional and church privacy is so important, and we should ment, a.long with the State, will work closely leaders. A committee of these recommended do everything reasonable to protect it. with Harlem officials and Harlem business the actual site to Governor Rockefeller Dec. We have seen what ill-intentioned men to bring about that Renaissance here 5, 1966, their focus being on the economic leaders can do to our privacy. And we of which this new State building ls a herald. revitalization of Harlem that would follow I am glad to be here to join all of you in such state involvement in the community's know that as our Government grows, these exciting ceremonies. future. this is an area that needs careful atten For what is good for Harlem, is good for OUTFLOW tion. the entire city. Thank you. But as Governor Wilson said at the open For these reasons, I believe we must ing, "this project once was a subject of in act promptly to protect our citizens and [From the Amsterdam News, May 18, 1974] tense controversy." Initially, it was a group to reassure them that their right to pri of young Black activists who in effect asked vacy will not be invaded or eroded by WELCOME! "economic benefits for whom?" and expressed the Federal Government. We at the Amsterdam News take pleasure fears that the planned revitalization would this week in welcoming the new State Office merely increase the outflow of dollars from Building to Harlem as it opens next Monday the hands of Harlemites and out of the com with businessman Kenneth Sherwood serving munity. as master of ceremonies. And at the height of the ensuing contro EDUCATION BILL CONFERENCE Initiated in controversy, the State Build versy, the younger people "liberated" the ing has, as it rose under the hands of Black site by christening it "Reclamation Site No. craftsmen, reached a point today where few, 1" and pitching their tents there. They issued if any, find dispute with it being located in "The People's Choice" which would consist HON. BILL FRENZEL Harlem, and the vast majority of Ha.rlemites of low cost housing, educational and cul see it as a. milestone of economic rebirth for OF MINNESOTA tural complex commercial area. and day care our area. center. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The building stands today as a blend of At Monday's opening, all parties empha Wednesday, June 5, 1974 the fa.1th o! the oldtimers who visualized it, sized the need to press on with the cultural and the belief in the future of the younger complex at the east end of the block. More Mr. FRENZEL. Mr. Speaker, today I men who threw their weight behind the work than that, the confrona.tion led by the young voted against the motion to instruct of the older ones. people, produced other results. House conferees on the education bill, Therefore, while we pay credit to men like Hope Stevens and Charles Buchanan who HISTORIC H.R. 69, to insist on the House anti have always advocated the economic growth "I believe the State's response to the orig busing language. I voted for our bill, but of Harlem, we also pay tribute to the younger inal criticism has been both understanding see no reason why our House managers men who joined them. and positive," Gov. Wilson has said. "For we should not be allowed, as usual, to nego Men like Kenneth Sherwood, Jack Wood, did provide more jobs for Blacks in the con tiate the best bill possible. Charles Vincent, James Dowdy and others. struction of this building. We did provide I believe it is terribly important not And certainly must offer credit to former for Black participation in the management to deadlock this bill. We always are late Governor Rockefeller under whose adminis of this building." with education funding. We need, and tration the entire project was planned. Thus the youthful opposition spurred The Albany Mall may be bigger in space Black participation to the level that justified our school districts need, to pass an edu and size than the State Office Building, but its being termed "historic" by the Governor. cation bill before the school year begins it cannot match the enduring legacy which "In short," he said, "we acted in good faith for a change. Tying our managers hands the State Office Building brings to Harlem. and in a. spirit of cooperation. could defeat this purpose. We a.re naturally interested in the develop- "I want to see that trust and that spirit 18214 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 6, 1974 continued ..." so that the ceremony will be Spreading the benefits around was the key PROJECT WORKERS LISTED "the beginning of a new era for Harlem ...". in a statement ma.de by Mr. Ahmed in which Among the black concerns involved in At the dedication, State Athletic Commis he urged a reaffirmation and commitment by the project were the architects, Ifill, Johnson sioner and businessman Kenneth N. Sher the Governor to the "continued economic & Hanchard (Percy Ifill died before the build wood was master of ceremonies. Miss Carol development of Harlem particularly the east ing was completed); Jenkins Electric, Inc., Ann Taylor led the singing of the national ern half of the State Office Building site." which had the largest contract, $4-million, anthem; and then with the I.S. 201 Instru THE RETURN and Finley and Madison, structural engineers. mental Company under the baton of Cliff He also urged Mr. Wilson to assist in the The general contracting were a joint ven Lee, "Lift Every Voice and Sing," came out development of a market place on 125th St. ture between Lasker Goldman, a white con loud from an audience that almost whispered for the Harlem Street merchants; the in cern and Trans Urban, a black concern. Ger the anthem. formation of an advisory committee to pur ald Roberts, a vice president of Trans Urban, Introducing first the dais guests, and later sue the integrated development and com was general superintendent. Fred Pendleton on others in the audience, Mr. Sherwood men pletion of the project and the return to the was the state engineer in charge, demolition tioned the following Blacks: site of Mr. Michaux's National Memorial and Byron Coleman, who is also black, was Congressman Charles Rangel, Manhattan Bookstore. the state engineer in charge of construction. Borough President Percy Sutton, State Sena Charles Kenyatta, a former opponent of Mr. Coleman will now be manager of the all tor Joseph Galiber and Sidney Von Luther; the project, noted that the building had electric building. Assemblymen Mark Southall, George Miller, become a reality. It would bring good to the Mrs. Dorothy Gordon, a black woman who Jesse Gray; City Councilman Fred Samuel; people of Harlem if local residents are re ran the state affirmative-action plan estab Rev. Wyatt T. Walker, Col. John Silvera; At cruited to work there, rather than the agen lished for the project, said more than 70 men torney Hope Stevens, Dr. John Holloway, Fred cies bringing up people from outside the acquired full union status during the work, Eversley, Omar Ahmed, Mrs. Whitney Young community. If the latter became the case, some of which involved training at Man Jr.; Civil Service Chairman Ersa Poston, then the office building would indeed prove hattan Vocational School. Commissioner Lucille Rose; and Commis to be a Trojan horse, Kenyatta said. SOME OPPONENTS ATTEND sioner Betty Granger Reid. In addition to the Governor, Mayor Abe Bea.me and State Attorney General Louis Deans Protective Agency, the black-owned SPECIAL GUESTS security outfit that provided protection for Also Dr. C. B. Powell, Clarence Jones, Lewis Lefkowitz also spoke. Commissioner A. C. O'Hara paid tribute to the efforts of Ms. the area. during construction, was awarded Michaux, Dorothy Gordon, Jeff Greenup, Dorothy Gordon, who as director of the af a contract for continued services. Bruce Llewellyn, Dick Kennard, Dick Camp firmation action program, had made it pos Few of those who predicted that the state bell, Jack E. Wood, Rev. James Gunther, sible for a large number of Blacks and Puer building would never rise in Harlem had any Rev. M. L. Wilson, Rabbi Judea Anerson, Rose to Ricans to be trained and employed on the thing to say at the ceremony. Some of the Morgan, Charles Kenyatta., and Elaine project. people who occupied the site and delayed Parker. He also mentioned some who had construction for three months in 1969 be passed away: Adam Clayton Powell, Whit [From the New York Times, May 21, 1974] cause they felt Harlem had greater needs ney Young, Marcus Garvey, J. A. Rogers, than an office building were a.round, but Harold Burton, Dr. Thomas Matthews and STATE OFFICE BUILDING IN HARLEM Is DEDI not demonstrating. One, Omar Ahmed, oc Bishop o. M. Kelly. CATED: "HISTORIC OCCASION" ATTRACTS cupied a seat on the dais a.nd was introduced Some others present included William R. 1,000-SOME PROTEST by Kenneth N. Sherwood, the master of cere Hudgins, Reuben Patton; Conrad Johnson (By Charlayne Hunter) monies and a. prominent Harlem business and George Hanchard, architects for the In a quiet ceremony tinged with irony, man, as "a candidate for the [72d] Assembly building; Raymond L. Dean, Marshall Eng paradox and anticlimax, the State Office District." land, Lloyd Douglass, Judge Herbert Evans, Building in Harlem, one of the largest and PLANS FOR REST OF SITE William Del Toro, Sam Roberts, Jim Hough most controversial projects in a black com There was speculation among many who ton, L. Joseph Overton, Enis Francis. munity, was dedicated yesterday. attended the ceremony that the relative Heading the line of speakers who followed A thousand people-black and white-sat silence of opponents of the project had to do was Rev. Walker, was an aide to Governor quietly under sunny skies in the outdoor with future plans for the eastern portion of Rockefeller. He and Col. Silvera had been mall of the $36-mlllion building, while more the site-two and a half acres on which the link with the community in the develop than 100 dignitaries, including Governor community fac111ties may be built. Most of ment of the project. He called the building Wilson and Mayor Beame, participated in that part has been cleared. the catalyst for the revitalization of Harlem. what Mr. Wilson and others termed "an That portion, which was cut from the ADJUST historic occasion." original state allocation, ls expected to be Mr. Sutton noted that he had opposed the The block-square site, bounded by 125th developed by a. local group in conjunction building as a potential "colonial outpost." and 126th Streets and Lenox and Seventh with the Harlem Urban Development Cor He had held that the state should not con Avenues, was in 1969 the scene of bitter con poration. And it is expected that many of struct a. building to which only Harlemites troversy. And yesterday, although the voices the original demands of the demonstrators would come. All sides had shown flexibility of protest were somewhat muted, they were including demands for a. cultural complex and adjusted to change. not altogether silent. and for office space for businessmen dis Mr. Rangel termed the structure "the sym Manhattan Borough President Percy E. placed by the state building-may be realized bol of our dreams." He urged that all work Sutton, for example, said that, "like a. num there. together to make Harlem a safe place to ber of people on the dais," he had originally The Governor said $2-mlllion had been live "and bring our friends with pride." Mrs. opposed the building, and had once called set aside in the supplemental budget to fi Margaret Young, widow of Whitney Young it "a colonial outpost." But "there is flex nance the start of a massive redevelopment read a letter from Vernon Jordan, excusing ibility in all of us" and "a maturing in all of program under the auspices of the Harlem himself because he had to attend a National us," he said. "I now see this building as a Urban Development Corporation. And ac focal point around which much can be built.' cording to reliable sources, Mayor Beame has Urban League conference. But Artis Brown, 15 years old, of 212 West pledged to provide matching funds, subject Attorney Stevens drew long applause from 129th Street, disagreed. to approval of the City Councll and the the dais when he urged both state and city "What about the jobs? he shouted periodi Board of Estimate. officials to come forward with "a strong pro cally to the dais. "They're talking a.bout how gram of housing for our people, without many jobs this building's gonna have, and which this monument would be a mockery." when you come to look for one they tell you RESULTS OF MATHEMATICAL ANAL ENDURING they can't get none," he told a. reporter. "It's YSIS OF APPORTIONING SEATS IN And Mr. Michaux delighted the audience just taking up space, far as I'm concerned." HOUSE as he told how he "left the pulpit for the It had been almost eight years since former snake pit;" and how he has tried to instill Gov. Nelson A. Rockefeller first announced the project, which will house 20 government into the youth that while "Black ls beauti agencies and 600 employs. He declared that HON. RONALD V. DELLUMS ful" it ls knowledge that is power. Senator the building would "mark the first surge of OF CALIFORNIA Robert Garcia said that like Mr. Sutton he new development, the rebirth of this great IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES had opposed the project and hoped the com part of our city.'' ing yea.rs would prove him wrong. Those sentiments were echoed yesterday Wednesday, June 5, 1974 Harlem Urban Development Corporation by many who had been in on the planning Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, I wish to President Jack E. Wood, Jr. pa.id tribute to of the project from the start. present, for the benefit of my colleagues, Mr. Young and others who supported con The Rev. Wyatt Tee Walker, who was an a mathematical analysis of various struction of the project. He termed it a. aide to Mr. Rockefeller in his Office of Urban "testimony to the enduring strength of the Affairs during the planning stages and later methods of apportioning seats to the people of Harlem and a reminder that Blacks said the project marked "the first time in House of Representatives completed by and other minorities are determined to be any state or city of this nation that a major Henry F. Kaiser, professor of education involved in sharing" the benefits of redevel government facility has been planted in the at the University of California at opment. heart of the ghetto.'' Berkeley. June 6, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18215 Dr. Kaiser's analysis proves the fact with the Constitution, apportion all states Company, Inc., Lewiston; and Robinson that the method of equal proportions for their first representative before any state Manufacturing Company, Oxford. gets its second, while the first two methods District E (Kennebec and Somerset congressional apportionment is the most do not. To comply with the Constitution, we Counties)-one firm-North Anson Reel accurate. It is essential that each con conclude that a method of apportionment Company, North Anson. gressional distiict include an approxi must have an infinite Mi to be acceptable. District F (Penobscot and Piscataquis mately equal number of voters if Con Now, how do we choose among methods Counties)-seven firms-Banton Brothers,
gress is to give fair and equal representa with infinite M1 ? Tentatively, we suggest Inc., Newport; Dexter Shoe Company, Dexter; tion to all Americans. This analysis is that the method with the largest R y." for a Snow & Nealley Company, Bangor; Beaudry especially important in light of the re given x and y; x>1; xM y- , where Commerce for their efforts to conserve . heartened by the story of a woman whose x and y are integers greater than one, xHERMAN BADILLO, has On a bulletin boa.rd in that Asbury room Ma.ma has no intentions of limiting the been a leader in the congressional drive are congratulatory letters from government size of the program. "The more people I for greater Government involvement, not officials, a.wards from a variety of civic and have," she says, "the better I feel. We feed all humanitarian groups, photographs of Mama. kinds of people. There are a lot of hungry only from Washington, but also at the in the kitchen cooking, in a park distribut children, and we have quite a few kids State and local level. ing Easter candies to children, and at the come here for lunch. I refuse to turn any In order that the American promise groundbreaking of a community health one away." of equal educational opportunity not be center. With food costs rising and unemployment denied children with this type of learn Meantime, a man in a green sweater hun rates high, particularly in Del Paso Heights, ing disadvantage when they enter our grily eats a heaping plate of spaghetti at Mama and Mrs. Bell say there are more hun schools, Mr. BADILLO summed up the case one of the long tables covered with brightly gry people to feed now than ever before. "We in a recent speech at the International colored cloths. It is nearly 2 o'clock on a had a couple of people come for lunch the weekday afternoon, and the man is just one other day," Mrs. Bell recalls, "and we had Conference of Bilingual/Bicultural Edu in a. long stream of hungry people who have some old rotten bananas in the garbage. we cation in New York City. I commend to been fed, cheered and perhaps even coun found them eating the bananas out of the my colleagues his suggestions for Fed seled by Mama Marks. garbage can." eral, State and local involvement as a Mama and her five assistants serve the During her tenure in Sacramento (she blueprint for specific actions to advance daily meal in the church's Sunday School came here from her native Louisiana in the right to a meaningful education for room from noon "until,' she says, "just un 1940), Mama. Marks has been the recipient of so many neglected American children. til . . ." On special holidays she takes over just about every award and accolade avail a local clubhouse and serves 500 to 600 per able, from the, NAACP's community service ADDRESS BY REPRESE:rTATIVE HERMAN BADILLO sons, doing the cooking in advance at the award to the National Enquirer's Good I am pleased to have the opportunity to church kitchen. In addition, she and her Samaritan award. Politicians seek her sup appear at this Annual International Con assistants fix 125 lunches each weekday for port, and her presence is requested at all ference on Bilingual/Bicultural Education. children at the McClellan Elementary School variety of civic functions. The cause that brings us together here to as part of the Sacramento Area Economic While devoting much of her time to help day is a unifying one, and it is my profound Opportunity Council's children's feeding ing others in one way or another, Mama has hope that the enthusiasm generated by these program. also found time to work as a beautician and four days of speeches and seminars will be "In the morning when I get up, I fall out a nurse's aide, and to raise 31 foster chil carried into every community in America in of bed," she says with a. laugh and a slight dren. Thinking of the children, she smiles the months to come. grimace. "But after I get up, I stay on my and chuckles softly in that inimitable deep By now you have been th1·ough an ex feet most of the time. I come here (to the and throaty voice: haustive survey of virtually all of the prob church) a.bout 7:30-8 o'clock. I used to say "I wish I had me a great big old house lems and potentialities of blllngual/bicul I would close at 3 or 4, but now we're here with a bunch of children right now." tural education. While it is useful to gauge till 6 or 7." the progress we have made to date, it is In the evenings, one might find her at critically important that we focus on the gardens planted by the community's chil dista:c.ce we have yet to go before we achieve the lofty goal expressed in the recently dren on land donated for growing vegetables HON. HERMAN BADILLO ON BI for the free feeding program. passed House version of the education bill, Produce from the garden will also be sold LINGUAL EDUCATION quote: by young people in need of summer money. "The Congress hereby declares it to be Before her current program started she the policy of the United States of America made sandwiches for hungry children and HON. WILLIAM S. COHEN that every citizen is entitled to an education distributed them a.t the Del Paso Heights OF MAINE to meet his or her full potential without Community Clubhouse. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES financial barriers and limited only by the Her dream was helped to reality by Evelyn desire to learn and ability to absorb such Dooley from NDP (the Del Paso Heights Thursday, June 6, 1974 education." Neighborhood Development Project) who Mr. COHEN. Mr. Speaker, in a recent Despite these sentiments, bilingual/bi helped Mama find a place, the church. cultural education is still neither widely un appearance before the House General derstood nor accepted by the public in gen "I spoke with church officials, and they Subcommittee on Education, I testified asked me what I wanted. I said I want to eral and by public officials in particular. All feed everybody who's hungry. They asked to the urgent need for greater Federal of our efforts from here on must be geared me how I would get the food. I told them support for bilingual education. My im toward spreading the message that equal not to worry about that, and they gave me mediate concern is for the thousands of educational opportunity will never be a the key. Franco-Americans in Maine whose chil reality in this country until the specific "I went right out and got 100 cases of dren's progress in the schools is held needs of every child with an identifiable soup from Campbell's, rice from the rice back by unfamiliarity with the English learning disadvantage are met in the schools. growers, bread from the bakeries, meat from Inablllty to understand the language of in language, although the need is nation struction is surely one of the most severe the packing companies. Now if I don't call wide and for many nationalities. for my donations, they call me." handicaps that any child can be burdened Everything in Mama Marks' vast free feed The Bilingual Education Act of 1967, with in the normal classroom situation. ing program is donated, from her labor and now title VII of the Elementary and Sec Our goals are identifiable and practicable. that of her assistants to the meat, bread, ondary Education Act, is designed to First, we must always emphasize the bicul canned goods, fruits and vegetables that go provide Government funds for bilingual tural component of bilingual education, for without instruction in the history and cul to fix the huge, savory meals she cooks just instruction for these youngsters-of ture of the nationality or ethnic group from about every day. The church donates the French, Hispanic, Italian, Greek, Chi which the non-English-speaking child de space and pays the utilities, and financial nese, or any other ethnic background rives, we will not provide him with the self donations come from various sources. Before in whose homes English is not spoken as esteem and reinforcement he needs to suc the Sunday School room was given over to the mother tongue. By making it possible ceed in the shool and later in society. the feeding program, Mama said she moved Second, we need to prepare many more the pews in the church proper to make room to have teachers conduct classes in their native language while simultaneously be teachers, not only in a second language but for her hungry constituents. with a comprehensive grounding in the cul She is constantly in need of donations of ginning the teaching of English, this pro ture and background of the students to be all kinds and is trying now to get a minibus gram enables children of limited English taught. This is a critical area. Not only do to pick up people who can't get to the church speaking ability to learn with the same we need many thousands of newly trained and to take meals to persons confined to opportunity afforded their classmates. teachers, but we must deal with the fact that their homes. And importantly, by including instruc many of the individuals presently teaching "Whatever we get," she says of donations, tion in the history and culture of the par bilingual classes are woefully inadequate for "we can use." ticular ethnic group, it helps instill pride the job. Mama and her chief assistant, Helen Bell, Third, we need to ensure that all children do the cooking. Mrs. Bell has been with and a sense of identity to replace the so of limited English-speaking ability are Mama since shortly after the Asbury pro cial isolation so commonly the lot of served. While we are all aware that only a gram's inception. "We're like sisters," Mama these children in the classroom. small percentage of Chicano children in the June 6, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18217 Southwest and Puerto Rican children in rived at, and the special interests who have this essential educational service wherever the major cities are enrolled in bilingual learned where the action is are not anxious needed. In Lau v. Nichols the Court ruled classes, we also learned in recent hearings to share their knowledge. that the San Francisco school system's fail in Washington and here in New York City It is the function of the legislative com ure to provide special instruction to students that there are no programs at all for many mittees of the Congress to outline and de of Chinese ancestry who have difficulties nationalities-Italians, Greeks, Albanians, fine programs that they believe will be in the with the English language constitutes dis some American Indian tribes, and perhaps public interest. They are responsible as well crimination under the Civil Rights Act of others we have not heard from. for indicating in every bill involving ex 1964. And fourth, to implement all of the above penditures from the Treasury what the au I quote from the recent report of the U.S. goals, we need to push relentlessly for more thorization, or maximum allowable outlay, Commissioner of Education to the Congress: funds for bilingual/bicultural education. shall be for the program in any given year. "Lau does not mean only that San Fran Money alone does not guarantee adequate Then the appropriations committees of the cisco must provide special instruction for implementation, as is so clearly illustrated House and Senate decide how much money non-English speaking Chinese children so in some of the ongoing programs today, but should actually be spent on each Federal ac that they can participate more fully in the if we are to accomplish the training of tivity and report accordingly to their respec district's educational program. It means that teachers and paraprofessionals, if we are to tive chambers with funding bills that are every school system with minority group supply the curriculum materials needed, our rarely amended or overturned. children who do not speak English are un task will be impossible without greatly in Thus, the person who lobbies members of der a duty to provide similar instruction." creased funding, not only from the Federal the Education and Labor Committee for more The command of the Court was clear and government but from State and local agen money for bilingual /biculturfl,l educa unequivocal. Yet today, nearly four months cies as well. tion and comes away satisfied because he has later, the budget prepared for New York The United States Senate is debating an found agreement and even seen a large au City by its mayor gives no recognition to the education bill with the most comprehensive thorization figure put into the bill, has really edict in Lau v. Nichols and proposes no im bilingual package ever to receive serious done only part of his work. For, as I have provement in this local government's woeful consideration in the Congress. If enacted, indicated, the final appropriation rarely inadequacies in the critical area of provid its provisions would enable us to take a comes close to the authorized amount, and ing bilingual/bicultural education for thou giant step toward the goals I have outlined. sometimes programs that we have approved sands of children of limited English-speak Your help and support will be needed if we literally pass into limbo for lack of funds. ing ability. This is unconscionable, and I are to get it, or any portion of it, enacted It is no secret that the appropriations will seek redress. I call on all New York into law. committees are constituted largely with con ers concerned for the future of this city The Senate amendments include a com servative Members of Congress, for whom and its people to join me in this effort. prehensive definition of what constitutes vast outlays of money for military needs are There are approximately 150,000 students true bilingual/bicultural education; places far more congenial than even small expendi in the schools of this municipality who have great emphasis on the training of teachers tures for health, education, and welfare. serious deficiencies in English, yet a budget and paraprofessionals; authorizes the crea The history of the Bilingual Education has been drawn up that will continue to ig tion of a Bureau of Bilingual Education Act is typical. From the initial $7.5 million nore the needs of these youngsters and cru within the U.S. Office of Education to give appropriation in 1968 to the $35 million allo cially affect their future success or failure, the program greater weight within the bu cated in fiscal 1973, the gap between authori not only in the public schools but in society reaucracy; increases the authorization to zation and actual spending has grown con as well. $145 million next year and $10 million more siderably wider. This grievous underfunding Those of us who live in this city and are per year thereafter; authorizes up to 500 has kept the Act from even approaching the concerned over its problems must come to fellowships for prospective bilingual teach goals originally envisioned for it. grips with this budgetary neglect immedi ers; provides a bilingual vocational train The $35 million in 1973 provided Federal ately. Even without Lau v. Nichols it is heart ing program for persons not presently en support for bilingual services for only 110,- less and shortsighted to deny to a significant rolled in the schools; and has many other 000 children out cf a nationwide population part of our school population the right to fine features that would upgrade and en estimated at five million who need such in a meaningful education. But with the Su hance the Federal government's role in sup struction to attain true equal educational preme Court decision as a prod and a legal port of bilingual/bicultural programs. opportunity. We have now joined battle with foundation, we must now proceed to make I had prepared similar amendments to be renewed intensity over this issue of fund clear to the appropriate officials of this city offered when the House of Representatives ing, and the main point I would like to leave and every city in America-what their obli debated the education bill earlier this year. with you today is the urgent need for your gations are under the law and the demands In a colloquy with the chairman of the Edu involvement in this critical struggle for ade of human decency. Certain basic rights are cation and Labor Committee on the floor of quate support of bilingual/bicultural edu inalienable in this country. Equal educa the House, I won agreement that if I with cation, at the Federal level, obviously, but tional opportunity is one that must be im drew my amendments at that time, they also most urgently with your State and local plemented with dispatch, in New York and would be given serious consideration when governments as well. throughout the land, both for the public House and Senate conferees meet to work out I believe very strongly that the responsi welfare and because we believe this to be an acceptable compromise to the differing bility is not solely that of the U.S. Congress. the right course of action. versions of the bill. Realistically speaking, State and municipal governments have a We have been able to win a skirmish or we will probably get only a portion of the clear obligation to encourage and support two in the Congress this year, but we will Senate package into the final legislation, and the development and operation of bilingual never win the war without a demonstration the remainder we will have to work for in education programs. Educational develop of strong grassroots support from concerned the months and years to come. ment is a joint venture and bilingual pro citizens around the United States. One small Political action on behalf of bilingual/bi grams are no different from any other. triumph came through the dedicated efforts cultural education is important no matter You must understand that bilingual/bicul of a great champion of bilingual/bicultural where in the United States you live. A Census tural education does not depend on an act education, Senator Joseph Montoya of New Bureau survey has shown that of 417 Con of Congress alone and that the Federal gov Mexico, when an additional $20 million over gressional Districts for which data are avail ernment is not the sole governmental level the budget figure was tacked onto the sup able, 155 United States Congressmen have a which must be concerned with it. Using the plemental funding bill for this fiscal year. constituency with more than 20 per cent who Federal legislation and programs as models, If the House concurs, those funds will be speak a mother tongue other than English. you should initiate efforts to have your state available until December 31. In an additional 118 Congressional Districts, legislatures enact 1neasures to provide for Prior to this, we challenged the Admin from 10-20 per cent of the population are not programs and the appropriation of State and istration budget request of only $35 million native-English-speakers. And only 144 Dis local funds to effect those programs. for bilingual education for fiscal 1975, a cut tricts, largely in the Deep South, have less Therefore, you should not only demand back from the 1974 appropriation. In recent than 10 per cent, although no Congressional an accounting from your U.S. Representa hearings in the General Subcommittee on District in the country has none. tives and Senators for their support-or lack Education, of which I am a member, we These are significant findings. What they of it-for bilingual/bicultural education, but heard from witnesses from around the coun tell us is that every Member of Congress you should also call upon your State legis try-education organizations, state bilingual should be alerted to the needs of these par lators and your local boards of education program directors, ethnic groups, Indian for their active support and participation. I school board members, and representatives ticular constituents and, as a public official am certain, for example, that the New York standing for re-election, he must be asked of the New York City Board of Education. At State Education Department and the New the conclusion of five days of expert and to support an expanded Federal role in bi York City Board of Education could both lingual/bicultural education. Do not be de compelling testimony, HEW officials appeared take steps to provide sizeable financial un to testify on the final day of the hearings ceived by promises of a vote for higher au derwriting for the program. I am equally that they would seek an additional $44.5 thorizations for the program, because it is confident that similar action can be taken million for bilingual/bicultural education in in the critical appropriations process that the throughout the country. the 1975 budget. · life or death of every program ls determined. In fact, the landmark Lau v. Nichols de Such small advances must be built upon. I have found that the public has too little cision of the Supreme Court on January 21 Political action could not be more timely knowledge of how funding decisions are ar- mandated local school districts to provide than it is today. I urge each and every one 18218 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 6, 1974 of you to go home from this conference and of the 92d Congress under closed rule. Forest System ln 1902, today the Tongass in contact your United States Senators to urge In essence, the House never debated cludes more tnan 16 million acres, covering their support for the bilingual amendments nor did the House pass a PSRO provision. most of the panhandle that runs southward in the education bill they are now debating. between the sea. and British Columbia. Its Then write to your Congressman as well. The Mr. Speaker, our Nation's physicians spectacular mountains, the finale of the fa vote on the education bill for this year will have done an outstanding job of main mous inside passage from Seattle to Alaska, come soon, but this is a long-range effort taining high professional standards and rise abruptly from the Pacific to elevations we are engaged in, and whether we can keep we simply do not need Federal inter of nearly 9,000 feet, their profiles reflected the Senate provisions in the final legislation vention with the doctor-patient rela in deep, nordic-like fiords. In the morning or not, we need to keep the pressure on over tionship, and I urge early and favorable shadow of this range lie its partially sub the long term. consideration by my colleagues of this merged western foothills, the islands of the The responsibility is ours. If each of us can bill which I have proposed today. Alexander Archipelago. in some way contribute to increasing public Despite the glaciers imbedded in the moun sensitivity to the educational needs of chil tain sides and the piedmont ice sheets that dren with an English-language deficiency, have ground their way to the sea, the coastal we will be on our way to carrying out the climate of southeast Alaska, thanks to the promise that America has always held for CLEARCUT moderating influence of the ocean. is mild the diverse nationalities reaching its compared to the continental interior. Dense shores-equal opportunity to rise to the hemlock-spruce forests belt the rugged, sin utmost of one's individual ability and desire. HON. ROBERT 0. TIERNAN uous coast and encircle the islands in a band Working together, I believe we can give sub OF RHODE ISLAND extending from tidewater to elevations vary stance to that dream. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing from 1,000 to 2,000 feet above sea level. The timberlands are rich in wildlife: bear, Thursday, June 6, 1974 deer, wolves, beaver, otter, mink. The Amer Mr. TIERNAN. Mr. Speaker, for sev ican bald eagle nests here, and wintering STATEMENT OF REPRESENTATIVE eral decades the United States has wit species include the extremely rare trumpeter JOEL T. BROYHILL OF VIRGINIA swan. nessed the attack upon our national for In 1965, the U.S. Forest Service put more ON A BILL TO AMEND TITLE XI ests by private companies interested in than a million acres of the Tongass on the OF THE SOCIAL SECURITY ACT TO sustaining or increasing their timber block-the largest timber sale in the history REPEAL THE PROVISION FOR THE supplies. The U.S. Forest Service, a Fed of the United States. The resulting contract ESTABLISHMENT OF PROFES eral agency which is supposed t.o safe is a license to clearcut 416,000 acres of west SIONAL STANDARDS REVIEW guard our national forests for multiple ern Admiralty Island, 528,000 acres across ORGANIZATIONS TO REVIEW use, such as recreation, watershed, wild Stephens Passage on the mainland, and SERVICES COVERED UNDER THE 146,000 acres at Yakutat, northward along life, and fishing, has often acted more in the mainland coast. Admiralty, which pro MEDICARE AND MEDICAID PRO the interest of the timber companies vides prime habitat for the giant Alaska GRAMS than in the national interest. In a book brown bear and nesting grounds for a major entitled "Clearcut" Nancy Wood chron part of the remaining population of the en icles the onslaught upon our forest re dangered American bald eagle, is considered HON. JOEL T. BROYHILL by conservationists to be the most important OF vmGINIA sources by both industry and govern wilderness in southeast Alaska. Nevertheless, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ment, and the devastating role the Forest of the 8.75 to 9 billion board feet of com Service played in that onslaught. mercial timber (which, in this case, means Thursday, June 6, 1974 The fight to preserve our forests is still virtually all the timber) thought to be avail Mr. BROYHILL of Virginia. Mr. being carried on-not by the Forest Serv able on We.st Admiralty and the two neigh Speaker, I am introducing legislation ice, but rather by conservationists such boring areas, the Forest Service sold 8.75 as the Sierra Club. In January 1970, the billion board feet. In other words, if these today to amend title XI of the Social terms were carried out, almost no timber Security Act to repeal the provision for club and the Sitka Conservation Society whatsoever would be left standing as wild the establishment of Professional Stand filed a complaint in U.S. district court life habitat, or wilderness, or for recreational ards Review Organizations to review at Anchorage, Alaska, against the Sec purposes. Calling the Juneau Unit Timber services covered under the medicare and retary of Agriculture, the Chief of the Sale the "single largest act of wilderness medicaid programs. U.S. Forest Service, and the regional destruction ever contemplated,' the Sierra Specifically, this bill would repeal sec forester of region 10 for the sale of 1 Club joined with Alaskan conservationists in tion 249F of Public Law 92-603 which million acres of the Tongass National a court action to challenge the legality of Forest of southeast Alaska. the sale. establishes a network of Professional Two factors played a crucial role in the Standards Review Organizations to see The sale was made in 1965 to the biggest timber sale in U.S. history. Following that appropriate professional standards Champion International Corp.-formerly World War II, the Forest Service became in are practiced by our Nation's doctors. U.S. PlyWood Champion Papers, Inc. volved in promoting a local timber industry Further, the Secretary of Health, Edu and was the largest single timber pur in Alaska at the expense of such other law cation and Welfare is authorized to es chase in the history of the United States. ful forestland uses as wildlife, recreation, Since that time the Sierra Club has been wilderness, and commercial fishing. In line tablish norms of health care and to assist with this policy, the terms of the million-acre the Secretary in the development of attempting to block the sale of Tongass ,sale stipulated: "Purchaser proposes to estab these norms, employees of the 193 re because in their opinion: lish a new industrial development of Alaska." gional PSRO's will be permitted to enter It represents the single largest act of wil The purchaser was required to construct and physician's offices and inspect the pri derness destruction ever contemplated. operate a pulp and saw-mill complex near vate medical records of all patients. If the Forest Service contract with Cham the site. Production quotas were set. When Presumably, norms will then be used to pion Paper is allowed to stand and Cham the Forest Service offered the million-acre pion is allowed to build its mill, then the harvest to Champion International Corpora determine the necessity of hospital ad entire Tongass National Forest, comprising tion, the second factor came into play. The missions, length of stay, nature and almost the whole of Southeastern Alaska, will Japanese, having grossly overcut their for number of medical tests, type of treat b , destroyed . . . The entire production of ests during World War II, are importing al ment, and what pharma-ceuticals a phy the Champion mill is committed to Japan, most the entire yield of the Ala.ska forest sician may prescribe. I submit this type so there would not even be any compensating industry. Champion negotiated an agreement of meddling in our private medical deliv benefit to the American people, save those to sell the first 15 years' worth of the pulp ery system can only lead to standard few who are directly connected with the mill. and timber production of the mills to the ization of medicine, a decline in quality Kanzake Paper Company of Japan and then Mr. Speaker, I think it would be well signed the Juneau Unit Timber Sale contract medical care and a serious invasion of for ail of us to read the article I am sub on September 12, 1968. plivacy coupled with violation of doctor mitting on the sale of the Tongass Forest Two months before the deal was com patient confidentiality. and judge for ourselves the merits, if any, pleted, Sierra Club President Edgar Wayburn Mr. Speaker, that section of Public of this enormous purchase and eventual arrived in Juneau for what was becoming Law 92-603 which would be appealed destruction of one of our national fores ts. an annual pilgrimage to urge the Forest Service to protect the unique wilderness areas by this bill was added by the Senate to HERITAGE IN PROBATE: OUR TONGASS FOREST of southeast Alaska. When the Wayburns H.R. 1, the Social Security Amendments (By Julie Cannon) first visited the Region "10 office the year Act of 1972, and was accepted in con The American public holds title to a re before, they _learned the Forest Service had ference. H.R. 1 was then brought to the markable forest: the Tongass of southeast no plans to dedicate any Alaskan wilderness. floor of the House on the very last day Alaska. Established as a unit of the National This time, Howard Johnson, the regional for- June 6, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18219 ester, reported that the regional organization duction of the Champion mill is committed of the commercial forest land within the sale had held two major meetings and was rec to Japan, so there would not even be any area on Admiralty Island is situated on slopes ommending several areas for study as wilder compensating benefit to the American people, that exceed 50 percent. ness or national recreation areas. But the save those few who are directly connected (4) Below-market values: After reviewing outlook was not good: Johnson went on to with the mill.'' over 50 recent timber-sales transactions in rule out protected status for areas with tim Nor was the Sierra Club pleased with the southeast Alaska, as well as log prices in the ber resources. "I'm not personally inclined plan. The lawsuit had. already been drafted, Pacific Northwest over the past decade. Rob to put on ice considerable areas of com and in mid-January, Donald Harris, then inson established that the value of timber mercial timber," he told Wayburn. chairman of the Legal Committee, an in the initial cutting area as of the date of According to Wayburn, Johnson discussed nounced that the Sierra Club and the Sitka the contract was $33 per 1,000 board feet for the coming Champion sale "which he was Conservation Society were filing a complaint spruce; $8.50 for hemlock. The Forest Service quite optimistic about." "He told us," Way against the Secretary of Agriculture, the awarded the spruce to Champion for $6.54 per burn said, "that the overriding factor in the chief of the U.S. Forest Service, and the re 1,000 board feet and the hemlock for $5.10. sale and its scheduling was its economic gional forester for Region 10 in the U.S. Dis Alaskan spruce, incidentally, is the finest re benefit to Juneau." trict Court at Anchorage for failing "to maining old-growth softwood timber in the "'I like to have the local community bene furnish a continuous supply of timber for world. fit,' " Wayburn quoted the forester as saying. the use and necessities of citizens of the As the Club continued to amass evidence of "I proposed that the Forest Service recon United States" and for failing to follow the the mismanagement of the Tongass timber sider the entire matter of Admiralty Island," Multple Use and Sustained Yield Act, which resources, Reginald Barrett, a graduate stu Wayburn continued, "that they treat Ad requires that uses other than logging-such dent working under Professor A. Starker miralty as a special case and declare it either as recreation, watershed, wildlife and fish i..eopold of the School of Forestry and Con a wilderness area or combined wilderness ing-must also be given proper balance in servation at the University of California, and recreation area." When he returned the use of the national forests. Berkeley, began a wildlife survey in the tim home, he re-emphasized these views in a Outlining the unprecedented dimensions ber sale area. As a member of Champion's letter to the regional forester on August 16, of this million-acre sale, Harris emphasized: team of ecologists, Leopold had been asked 1968: "We strongly urge the Forest Service "The chainsaw will continue unabated until to assess the impact of the proposed logging to reconsider the areas of the virgin forest the year 2022 to destroy major recreational program on wildlife, with particular em that remain intact in terms of their national resources of the United States." He called phasis on the Admiralty Island operation. significance as an unmatched scenic resource attention to two other long-term timber sales Barrett arrived at Admiralty in the late sum for the American people." made in the Tongass within the last decade. mer of 1970 and remained until the following "We went back to Alaska again in 1969," "Indeed, our experts tell us that these timber July, making aerial and ground surveys of Wayburn said, "and had a growing sense sales irrevocably commit the Forest Service wildlife and habitat conditions throughout of outrage at the way the U.S. forests, which to an inflexible schedule of harvesting sub the sale area in general and on the South belong to all the people of the United States, stantially all of the operable virgin growth Hood Bay watershed in particular. and which, by law, are to be managed for forests in Southeastern Alaska to the exclu Leopold and Barrett investigated the char multiple use, were instead being managed sion of all other legitimate uses." The Sierra acteristics of the winter range of the Sitlrn. for local economic interests as the regional Club and the Sitka Conservation Society deer, a significant species on the island. The forester interpreted them." At the time of "have thus filed this lawsuit as a necessary deer are migratory, spending the summer at the Wayburns' 1969 trip, Champion had or step to protecting these invaluable resources. high elevations and with the onset of win ganized a "blue ribbon" team of university The ultimate winners will be the people of ter descending to the lower elev,a.tions in ecologists to guide all phases of mill con the United States." advance of the snow line. Key winter ranges struction and the lumbering program, and The issue was joined. Warren E. Matthews, are situated in mature conifer stands that several company officials and team scientists an Alaskan attorney and a member of the provide shelter from the bulk of the snows were already in Juneau. Executive Committee of the Sierra Club's and allow the growth of browse plants. The "We discussed with them what would hap Alaska Chapter, was retained to try the case. winter of '70-'71 was a severe one on the pen if the panel of ecological advisers should Karl E. Lane, a Juneau resident and a profes island, and Barrett observed the deer band suggest that the company modify its plans sional registered guide who conducts hunt together in the dense, mature timber near or turn down the sale," Wayburn recalled. ing, fishing, sightseeing, and photography sea level. The scientists knew that it takes "My remembrance is that they said, 'Well, trips into the timber sale area, joined the well over 100 years for a climax forest and its that would be one of the options then that Club and the Sitlca Conservation Society as understory of browse plants to fully recover we would have to consider." plaintiffs. On the other side, Champion and from logging. It was clear that, once elimi The Club waited for Champion to assess the State of Alaska both intervened as co nated, the deer would be gone for a century. the ecological findings and evaluate its op defendants with the Forest Service. The trial They reported to Champion, "the only practi tions. In December, 1969, the lumber com was set for November, 1970. cal way to preserve key deer winter ranges is pany announced its site selection for the Gordon Robinson, the Club's consulting to refrain from cutting them." The outlook mill: Berner's Bay on the mainland about forester, was dispatched to Alaska to assess was worse for smaller wildlife species with 30 miles north of Juneau. It appeared that the Forest Service's timber management their more restricted ranges. the contract would indeed go forward. plans for the Tongass and to examine the Winter passed into spring on Admiralty The January 5, 1970, issue of Industry logging practices already underway in south Island. The bears began to emerge from hib Week carried a brief news item headlined: east Alaska. Robinson's findings showed that ernation on the high slopes, sliding down the "Placate Conservationist by Getting Him In the Forest Service was not managing the tim snowfields in search of forage at the lower volved." The article said, "Opposition from ber resource, which it was concentrating on, elevations. Barrett watched the bald eagles conservationists can easily scuttle plans for any better than it was managing the water in their tree perches above the rocky tidelines a new plant. Executives at U.S. Plywood shed, wildlife, and other resources, which it scan the channel for the herring runs. The Champion Papers Inc. (now renamed Cham was ignoring, Robinson found the following: eagles, along with the other species on the pion International Corporation) faced and ( 1) The Forest Service, by several methods, island, had young to feed. The needs of wild solved the problem in planning a new lumber including using a very loose definition of life during this season suggested additional mill in Alaska." The article explained how "commercial forest" when compiling the in problems that would result from the exten the company set up a panel of experts to ventory from which the allowable cut is de sive logging of Admiralty. Barrett had begun help in site selection and in advising the termined, was authorizing itself to permit to monitor the migration of the blue grouse firm on plant design and construction. " 'We excessive cutting. Robinson's surveys showed from their upland winter range to their were taking quite a risk,' admits the firm's that insufficient timber exists in the Juneau breeding grounds throughout the South Hood official, 'because they could have made rec and Yakutat units to fulfill the Champion Bay logging site, when, on May 20, 1971, the ommendations unacceptable to us.'" Indus contract under a plan of sustained yield ·District Court announced its final judgment: try Week concluded: "However, the plan management. Yes, the Forest Service has made an "over worked. The site and construction recom (2) Overcommitment: Construction of the whelming commitment of the Tongass Na mendations were acceptable to the company, ·Champion mill will bring the annual mill tional Forest to timber harvest objectives in and the conservation groups were pleased production capacity on the Tongass to 945 preference to other multiple use values." with the final plan. Construction is sched million feet. The present allowable cut on the Nonetheless, the court ruled that the evi uled to begin in 1970." Tongass is set at 824 million feet annually. dence presented failed "to impeach the rec But contrary to this article, conservation ord provided by the Forest Service by show (3) Destructive logging practices: in recent ists were, in fact, not pleased with the final ing that the administrative decision-makers plan. In January, 1970, the Sitka Conserva years the Forest Service has adopted the prac either lacked actual knowledge or failed to tion Society and the Alaska Chapter of the tice of wholesale clearcutting on the national consider the myriad reports and studies Sierra Club wrote jointly to the Sierra Club forests of Alaska. Areas where the humus available to them. The court must presume, Legal Committee: "If the Forest Service layer and topsoil are removed through care therefore, that the Forest Service did give contract with Champion Paper is allowed to less logging are not regenerated for 20 to 30 due consideration to the various values spec stand and Champion is allowed to build its years. When slopes exceeding 50 percent are ified in the Multiple Use-Sustained Yield mill, then the entire Tongass National Forest, clearcut, the landslides that often follow Act.'' No one in the courtroom heard the comprising almost the whole of Southeastern make the forest-recuperation process take drumming of the blue grouse on Admiralty Alaska, will be destroyed .... The entire pro- even longer. Robinson said that 31.6 percent that day; nor did they know that Leopold 18220 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 6, 19,4 and Barrett had found that the hens and not preparing a detailed environmental im its present form is irrational, arbitrary, and their broods require the understory vegeta pact statement before issuing a use per an abuse of discretion within the exact mean tion that grows in partnership with mature mit for the pulp-mill site at Berner's Bay. ing of those phrases." conifer stands. The Club pointed out that the use permit "We conclude that the motion should be The Club's Alaskan co-plaintiffs, the Sitka for the mill constitutes a major federal action granted," the Court -0f Appeals resp.anded, Conservation Society and the Sierra Club's affecting the environment because the ef finding that "what is here a.t stake is of Alaska. Chapter, immediately put themselves fluent from the mm will contain a biological such import as to call for the considera on record as strongly supporting an appeal. oxygen demand equivalent to the untreated tion of the District Court." Concerning the Quoting a remark attributed to an Alaskan sewage of a city larger than Juneau. Its state legislator, they vvrote to the Clubs' Club's contention that the Forest Service smoke emissions into the atmosphere will had not given "due consideration" to the headquarters in San Francisco: "Let's make reach the level of 250 pounds of sulphur per a mistake on the side of conservation for non-timber values of the Tongass, the ap day. Subsequently, the Forest Service filed pellate court noted that the earlier district once; it's so much easier to correct." When a three-page, after-the-fact environmental the Clu"':> filed its notice of appeal on July 16, court ruling had concluded "that some impact statement , which the Club rejected consideration was sufficient." "For the pur 1971, other Alaskans were not so jubilant. as "plainly inadequate." The Southeast Alaska Empire editorialized: poses of this order," the higher court said, On January 23, 19'73, one of the Club's key "we accept this interpretation, With the cau "America's record of ecological successes is arguments was confirmed. Leopold and Bar very dismal. Alaska's is not. Alaskans have tion that 'due consideration' to us requires always taken great pains and care to main rett released their report, "Implications for that the values in question be informedly tain the beauty and ecology of the Great V. ildlife of the 1968 Juneau Timber Sale," and rationally taken into balance. The re Land." The paper accused the Club of lock prefaced by a note from their employer to the quirement can hardly be satisfied by a show ing the door on the economic growth of effect th&t the opinions expressed were not ing of knowledge of the consequences and Juneau and throwing away the key. The necessarily those of Champion. Now it was a decision to ignore them." With this, the paper's major premise was wrong. The Club clear that the Forest Service had not had Court of Appeals granted the Sierra. Club was not suing Alaskans; it was suing the sufficient knowledge upon which to judge leave to seek a new trial, and the Club's U.S. Forest Service for importing to the the impact on wildlife of the million-acre motions are now on file in the trial court federally-owned forests of southeast Alaska timber sale. The two wildlife consultants awaiting decisions. the same management practices that indeed for Champion supplied research findings and The Club's litigation to force the Forest had contributed to America's dismal ecologi field studies to support their conclusion: Service to account to the public for its cal record. "The 1968 timber sale contract between the actions on the Tongass--actions that pre The appeal, prepared by Angus MacBeth of U.S. Forest Service and U.S. Plywood Cham sent an extreme example of the agency's the Natural Resources Defense Council for pion Papers, Inc., seems to us to imply a abuse of the public lands under its care the Sierra Club and its co-plaintiffs, was level of timber removal in southeast Alaska has been a. long battle. Its final outcome re presented in oral argument before the Ninth that is unrealistic by present-day standards mains unclear. One thing, though, is clear: Circuit Court in September, 1972. The Sierra of ecological acceptability. To achieve the should the suit fail, the Forest Service will Club argued: timber harvest implied in this contract would find itself with nearly limitless administra (1) The contract violates the Multiple require clearcutting of perhaps 96 percent tive discretion to dispose of million-acre Use-Sustained Yield Act of 1960 by failing to of the p1·esently accessible commercial tim parcels of the public forest. "The manage give due consideration to non-timber re ber, and this cut would have to be made in ment of the National Forest System will be sources: outdoor recreation, range, water a single operation within each unit or com largely beyond the control of the law," shed, wildlife and fish purposes. The Club partment." Moorman states. The Club believes that the stated that the Forest Service had insuffi Leopold and Barrett added that "the days facts available in the Leopold-Barrett report, cient knowledge of soil conditions, water of massive clearcutting of whole watersheds combined with the precedent set by the quality, and fish and wildlife inventories on have passed. Particularly on public lands, Legal Defense Fund's recent landmark vic the Tongass to draft a viable multiple-use timber harvest schemes must take account tory ending clearcutting on the Monon management plan for the sale area. In the of the full spectrum of social values." They gahela. National Forest, may well cancel the absence of such a plan, the Forest Service offered a program of deferred cutting under nation's largest timber sale. If so, the had overwhelmingly devoted the Tongass to which no more than one third of the timber American public will have reclaimed its timber harvesting. When the preliminary in any given locality would be cut at one title to the Tongass and reasserted its right award of this timber sale was made, only 1.6 time and considerable areas would be per to determine the future of the national percent of the commercial timber area on manently reserved from cutting "to protect forests. the Tongass was formally reserved from critical scenic and ecological sites, shoreline cutting. timber, key deer winter range, estuary bor (2) The contract calls for cutting almost ders, eagle nest trees and other subsidiary SISTERS OF ST. DOMINIC CELE all the timber in the million acres within values." 50 years, even though it takes 120 years for The Sierra Club and its co-plaintiffs saw BRATE GOLDEN AND SILVER JU timber to regenerate in Alaska. Thus, the in the Leopold-Barrett report confirmation BILEE contract is in blatant violation of the Mul thu.t the million-acre timber sale represented tiple Use-Sustained Yield Act, which requires a total default by the Forest Service of its that the forests be administered to provide duty to manage the National Forests. The HON. ANGELO D. RONCALLO a sustained yield, a regular, even flow of the Club turned first to the Forest Service, ask OF NEW YORK various renewable resources. ing Chief John R. McGuire to re-evaluate IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES (3) the contract is invalid because in ex the contract in light of this new informa porting all the timber to be cut the contract tion concerning the sale's impact on the Wednesday, June 5, 1974 fails to meet the requirements of the Or public lands and wildlife under his manage Mr. RONCALLO of New York. Mr. ganic Act for the National Forests, one of ment. He refused. James Moorman, executive Speaker, I wish to share with my col which is "to furnish a continuous supply director of the Sierra Club Legal Defense leagues the joy and happiness of the Sis of timber for the- use and necessities of citi Fund, on February 5, 1973, petitioned the zens of the United States." Appellate Court to remand the case to the ters of St. Dominic in marking the gold (4) The contract is invalid because tim District Court for consideration of the newly en and silver jubilee of those of their ber from a national forest cannot be sold discovered evidence. order. Those celebrating their golden ju for the purpose of providing local economic He told the court: bilee are: Sister Estelle Gilmartin, Sis development. No U.S. statute gives the Forest "The Forest Service has by contract given ter Colette Juras, Sister Rose Margaret Service the power to engage in the program the manag~ment for 50 year of a million Chapman, Sister Leontina Hampel, Sis of industrial location envisioned in the pri acres over to U.S. Plywood Champion Papers, ter Raphael Sobieraj, Sister Catherine mary processing provisions of the Champion Inc., with a charter to cut all the timber Therese Giroux, Sister Bertilla Klong, contract. The Club argued that the Forest regardless of the consequences. It has even Sister Mary Redemptrice Mack, Sister Service must redetermine, solely on the pro delegated the study of environmental im visions of the Organic Act and the Multiple pact to the company. Now two of the com Benigna Consolata Sobieraj, Sister Sal Use-Sustained Yield Act, whether or not to pany's own environmental consultants have vatore Beluinger, Sister Florence Gabriel enter into this contract. actually gone out and studied the forest and Schroeder, Sister Charlotte Lake, Sister (5) The contract violates the Organic Act have learned what the Forest Service should Josephine Clare Hickey, Sister Mary of 1897, which requires that before being have known before it entered into this con Louis Hecht, Sister Angelita Farrell, and sold, trees shall be individually marked and Sister Adrienne Marie. designated for removal from the national tract: that this timber sale will destroy all forests. The Club charged that the Champion other values of the million acres. Among those celebi-ating their silver contract not only allows the designation "Most shocking, the Leopold-Barrett re jubilee are: Sister Francis Benedict Mc of large cutting units without the marking port reveals that the destruction is not nec Veigh, Sister Julia Mary Murphy, Sister of individual trees, but the designation is essary. A more reasonable cutting schedule Maria Carmel Wirsching, Sister Bene to be largely done by the lumber company. would save the forest. Under any standard dicta Fisher, Sister Maryaline Zierle, Sis (6) The Forest Service initially violated of review lt is clear that the decision of the ter Helen Butler, Sister Alphonse Louise the National Environmental Policy Act by Forest Service to enter into the contract in Gendron, Sister Jeanne Theresa Puff, June 6, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18221 Sister John Regis Milhaven, Sister Rose of this study and to inquire about proper combined a computerized survey of rec Anthony Walshak, Sister Katherine Gee, drug usage. When a potential ADR ls recog ords of the San Joaquin Medical Foun Sister Joan Quinlan, Sister Mary Erica nized, the pharmacist ls to communicate this dation with other data and then extrapo Burkhardt, Sister Helen Anthon Novak, information to the prescriber with full docu lated a yearly toll of 30,000 drug fatalities. Sister Maureen Conway, Sister Mary mentation and request his consultation con While Kennedy repeatedly cited the esti cerning the appropriate action to be taken. mate, it was ridiculed as vastly inflated by Christine Conetta. Of course, some physicians could take this the Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Associa I join with my colleagues in extending action as a personal affront and for this tion and the AMA. Neither submitted al the Sisters of St. Dominic our congratu reason pharmacists in the program are dis ternative calculations. lations and best wishes on this joyous oc couraged from taking a critical attitude and The AMA, in testimony on May 3, cited a casion for their service to God and com to regard all incidences as only potential report in its journal showing that of all munity. reactions which may or may not require patients admitted to University of Florida alteration of therapy. hospitals, 2.9 per cent had drug-induced CONTINUING EDUCATION PROVIDED illnesses, and that of these patients, 6.2 per PREVENTION OF DRUG The success of this pilot program will de cent died. INDUCED DEATHS pend heavily on the pharmacist's ability to As the AMA saw it, these rates showed that keep up-to-date in the areas related to the estimate of 30,000 was excessive. But the adverse drug reactions. For this reason Paid same evidence now has been cited by the HON. ROBERT L. LEGGETT Prescriptions, in conjunction with the Californians in contending the 30,000 figure· OF CALIFORNIA clinical faculty of Washington State Uni is far to low. The over-all mortality rate that can be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES versity will provide a series of continuing education programs and a drug information "directly attributed to adverse drug reac Thursday, June 6, 1974 service to provide background information tions" in the Florida study is .18 per cent, necessary to document ADR's. A mechanism the scieQtists said in their letter. This was Mr. LEGGETT. Mr. Speaker, I have such as this is one of the few which stimulate almost double the .1 rate that, when applied recently been astounded to hear that the more pharma.cists to attend CE programs by to 2 million hospital admissions in 1971, number of drug-induced deaths in combining economic benefits with patient yielded the 30,000 figure, they said. American hospitals runs from 60,000 to benefits. Hopefully more programs of this Moreover, they said, a far higher mortality 140,000 annually. This exceeds the an nature wil be established once the pilot study rate, .44 per cent, has been reported among nual highway carnage, and it exceeds is shown to be successful. hospitalized patients in a Boston survey. Consequently, the incidence of lethal re the total number of Americans killed in PEER REVIEW INCLUDED actions can be estimated "from a low of Vietnam. It does not include deaths One of the most important parts of this 60,000 (.18 per cent incidence) to a high of caused by intentional abuse of such ad pilot study is the activity of the Peer Review 140,000 (.44 per cent)," Talley and Laven dictive drugs as heroin or cocaine. Committee. A selected group of local practic turier said. Their letter, dated May 13, has In an attempt to reduce the unneces ing health professionals will review patterns n ot yet been published by the AMA. of drug utilization in a program in which sary deaths from inadvertent improper they participate, establish parameters of drug use, paid prescriptions-a non current practice based on computer reports, profit prepaid drug program-is intro determine variances from accepted local ducing a pilot program in Seattle. This standards which should be researched, and DR. RAY BLASTS IGNITION program will pay a fee to pharmacists for the pilot program at least, prepare guide who can demonstrate that they pre lines of proper drug utilization. By a con INTERLOCK SYSTEM vented an inappropriate drug dispen stant process of review and study the Com sation. If it is successful-70 to 80 per mittee assumes as its prime objective the cent of these cases should be prevent achievement of high standards of patient HON. GEORGE M. O'BRIEN care through the promotion of rational drug OF ILLINOIS able-I hope to see the program ex therapy. Rational drug therapy was con panded nationwide. sidered by the HEW Task Force on Prescrip IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I insert in the RECORD a report on tion Drugs to mean: " .•. prescribing the Thursday, June 6, 1974 drug-induced deaths from the San Fran right drug for the right patient, at the right cisco Chronicle of May 21, 1974, and time, in the right amounts, and with due Mr. O'BRIEN. Mr. Speaker, I recently excerpts from an article describing the consideration of relative costs." received a poignant letter from a con The impact of the complete documentation stituent, Dr. Richard E. Ray, of Kanka program in the May 15, 1974, issue of of a patient profile on practicing profes kee, Ill., who has become exasperated by Voice of the Pharmacist newsletter: sionals cannot be over-emphasized. It is the latest, federally mandated, safety [From the Voice of the Pharmacist, May 15, difficult for practitioners to ignore the device on automobiles-the ignition-in 1974] persuasive prodding by their peers when terlock system. Writing as a physician, PILOT PROJECT DESIGNED To PAY PHARMACISTS problems are identified and displayed. Dr. Ray explains that this new safety FOR PREVENTING ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS device can be especially frustrating, and In the pilot program a pharmacist would [From the San Francisco Chronicle, be paid a professional fee if he could docu May 21, 1974] perhaps hazardous, to arthritic and ment that he had prevented a potential drug ESTIMATE UP ON HOSPITAL DRUG DEATHS other disabled persons. drug interaction, prevented an inappro WASHINGTON.-A controversy over the ex During this period of low public priate use or an adverse drug reaction by not tent of adverse reactions to medicines in esteem for Congress, I believe it is time dispensing another unneeded prescription tensified yesterday with a disclosure that for responsible action tuned to the needs and alerting the prescriber of the hazards of two California scientists have drastically in of our citizens. In a recent interview with unnecessary medication. This is a revolu creased their estimates of drug-induced U.S. News · & World Report on May 6, tionary concept in third party drug pro deaths in hospital from 30,000 to between 1974, New Hampshire Senator NORRIS grams-paying the pharmacist for his knowl 60,000 and 140,000 annually. edge rather than the dispensing function. COTTON, retiring after 20 years of Senate Even the 60,000-140,000 range is "probably service, issued these words of warning THE PILOT PROGRAM extremely conservative" because data was lacking on such deaths in ambulatory and that should be heeded by all Members of The purpose of the pilot program is to Congress: provide community pharmacists and pre nursing home populations, Marc F. Laven scribes with the ability to identify potential turier and Dr. Robert B. Tallen said in a The government is into too much, [it's] adverse drug reactions and to prove that the letter to the journal of the American Medi in everyone's hair ••• it takes a while to pharmacist is knowledgeable in proper drug cal Association. discover the impracticality of trying to cor usage and the °Clinical aspects of pharmacy Senator Edward M. Kennedy (Dem-Mass.) rect all ills by law. care, and is capable of intervening to make released the letter at a Senate hearing at Automotive safety is a desirable objec meaningful decisions for the benefit of the which the Nixon administration announced patient. Adverse drug reactions are qualified support of major elements of proposed legis tive but the mandatory ignition-interlock as being unintended, unanticipated, and lation to reform the advertising and promo regulation is a perfect example of "too undesired effects on a patient from both tion, marketing, use and testing o! medi much Government" trying to "correct prescribed and OTC drugs. ADR's may take cines. Abuses in these areas have been all ills by law." It is a blatant case of a the form of drug-drug interactions, potentia blamed for much of the toll from fatal drug Federal governmental agency overstep tion of drugs, duplication of medication, reactions, of which 80 per cent are said by ing its bounds of authority and un abusive drug use, or known drug sensitivity. experts to be preventable. necessarily interfering in the private PATIENT PROFILES REQUIRED The dispute over the number of adverse lives of our citizens. To add insult to in Pharmacists will be required to maintain reactions began in 1972, when Talley, a jury, the National Highway Traffic and properly utilize drug profiles on patients physician, and Laventurier, a pharmacist, Safety Administration of the Depart- CXX--1149-Part 14 18222 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 6, 1974 ment of Transportation, which promul of aid, trade, diplomatic recognition, or The greatest part of the fund, how gated this regulation, did not even hold accommdation with North Vietnam or ever, goes to the States for use in State public hearings on it. the Vietcong until they have complied and local open space preservation and I urge prompt action on a bill which with binding agreements respecting our outdoor recreation projects. The demands I am cosponsoring, H.R. 10664, a bill to .servicemen missing in action. Unfor for increased outdoor recreation space abolish this inane Federal regulation. I tunately, I was unable to be present to and facilities here is even greater than believe Congress could show a good faith join my colleagues in their support of that supported by the Federal side of the effort at constructive legislation by this resolution and wish to declare my fund, and projected needs here run into prompt action on this measure. strong support for this measure at this the billions. Dr. Ray's letter follows: time. Mr. Speaker, as a result of the in PEDIATRICS, LIMITED, It is a tragedy that North Vietnam and creasing conflicts of competing uses Kankakee, Ill., March 15, 1974. its allies have failed to account for a bearing down ever more strongly on our Representative GEORGE O'BRIEN, single one of our missing men. Their re finite land base, we are all aware of the U .S. House of Representati ves, fusal to live up to the obligations stated rapid escalation which occurs in the price Washington, D.O. in the Vietnam and Laos agreements re DEAR MR. O'BRIEN: I feel that I should of land. Moreover, and perhaps more im bring this to your attention especially since inforces my conviction that no progress portant over the long run, is the need to you are concerned about the safety mecha on economic assistance negotiation or preserve certain lands for outdoor recrea nisms in the new cars. I feel quite intent other forms of accommodation can even tion use before other competing uses take about this particular problem and I will be discussed until we have obtained a over the land and permanently preempt explain what has happened over the past satisfactory accounting. that alternative forever. few months. ,, Furthermore, I support the dedication Mr. Speaker, currently the bulk of the I recently purchased a new Chrysler sta of trees as a living memorial in honor of financing of the Land and Water Con tion wagon, which was complete with all the safety mechanisms and etc., etc. However those who are missing in action by na servation Fund is drawn from revenues after ten minutes in which I drove to a gas tional officals and civic leaders. While received from sales on the Outer Con station to fill the tank, I found that I could such service will not bring back these tinental Shelf. It has been projected that not start the car. As people were lining up sons, brothers, and husbands, it is a revenues from this source will move into behind me, I finally figured out how to get symbolic recognition of our continuing the billions of dollars annually. It would the safety belt working. This was the first responsibility of these men and their seem only logical, as these public re episode and by that time I was ready to famliies, and it will serve to remind us of sources are withdrawn and converted turn my new car for the one I had just the strength, the straightness and the into dollars, that a portion of those dol traded. However, more was to come. About two weeks later, I being a physician sacrifice of our young men who are still lars be reconverted into some other form after a hard day's work, went out to my car missing. of direct public benefit. What could be only to find that the car would not run. I To the still suffering families, more appropriate, and what could benefit spent perhaps twenty minutes calling differ especially the six families resident in my more people more permanently, than the ent people and finally found there was a but State, of those men unaccounted for, this further conversion of Outer Continental ton under the hood which released the safety resolution demonstrates my deep con.. Shelf revenues over to tangible public belt mechanism and, of course, this solved cern and appreciation for their sacrifice. resources in the form of parks, preserves, my problem. However, the significant factor is that if I would have had an emergency in and related outdoor recreation re that twenty minutes, I am sure the patient sources-resources that can endure, and would have expired. be used and enjoyed forever. In addition to the above problems, I have MORE FUNDS FOR OPEN SPACE Mr. Speaker, my bill would increase also found that anyone who is accompany PRESERVATION AND OUTDOOR the current annual ceiling of the Land ing me in the passenger seat must be an old RECREATION ACROSS AMERICA and Water Conservation Fund by greater hand at operating the seat belt device since than threefold. It further provides, over otherwise, of course, the car will not run. HON. ALAN STEELMAN a short period of 7 years, for a greater In my frustration, I have frequently told percentage of matching Federal fund my passengers that they will have to ride in OF TEXAS ing to the State side of the fund, as an the back seat. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I also have found in my contortions to added incentive for the States to make connect the safety belt I have torn buttons Thursday, June 6, 1974 even stronger efforts to generate match off my clothes. In my contortions, I can see Mr. STEELMAN. Mr. Speaker, on May ing dollars from State and local sources, no way a person with arthritis or other dis and thus significantly increase tihe total ablement could operate such a device. 23, I introduced a bill, H.R. 14999, de signed to amend the Land and Water funding for State and local proj In conclusion, I certainly am not against ects. The current law provides for a dol safety devices. But I do believe that this Conservation Fund Act of 1965, so as to current law requiring that safety belts be authorize significantly increased funding lar match of State money for ea,eh dol connected before the car will run ls en for outdoor recreation programs across lar of Federal money. Even with this tirely too much. I also believe that it is an the country. match ratio, some States have difficulty invasion of privacy and strongly urge you to The Land and Water Conservation generating sufficient State funds to repeal any such law on the books. I wish to Fund Act is a product of the Congress, match the available Federal share. My thank you sincerely for listening to my pro bill would change the match ratio, for longed complaints and I appreciate whatever enacted almost a decade ago. It has since a period of 7 years, to a 70-Federal/30- you can do in straightening this problem out. constituted the basic Federal source for State match for land acquisition dollars Sincerely, the funding of Federal, State, and local and a 60-Federal/40-State match for de RICHARD E. RAY, M.D. outdoor recreation-oriented land acquisi tion programs, and State and local de .velopment dollars," after which time the match would revert to 50-Federal/50- velopment programs for outdoor recrea State for both activities. tion across our land. Mr. Speaker, an overall funding in U.S. FOREIGN POLICY WITH RE With a current annual fund ceiling of crease of the magnitude advanced in my GARD TO AMERICANS MISSING IN $300 million, it is all too apparent that bill is an absolute must if we are sincere ACTION the demands for funds greatly exceed and serious, and honest with ourselves the supply. The backlog cost of author over the prospects for saving much more ized, but as yet unacquired, Federal out of America's fast disappearing open HON. WILLIAM S. COHEN door recreation lands alone, reaches to space. At the rate we are now going, we OF MAINE nearly $2 billion. In addition, hundreds are plainly too late with too little. Wait IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of millions of more dollars will be re quired in the immediate future to pur ing until later to move aggressively on Thursday, June 6, 1974 chase proposed new Federal outdoor rec this matter is foolhardy, as not only will Mr. COHEN. Mr. Speaker, I rise to reation lands. The backlog of proposed the land be greatly more expensive, but commend the House for its action on development on Federal recreation lands much of it will no longer exist at all; cost House Concurrent Resolution 271 ex runs into the billions, though this as will then not be a relevant consideration. pressing the sense of Congress that U.S. pect has never been funded from the Moreover, the availability of more dollars policy shall be to cease all consideration land and water conservation fund. now to buy park and recreation lands June 6, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18223 rapidly, once the areas are authorized, for the sake of it" explains Thomas E. Smo a.bout. Many are high paying and very in would be of great benefit to the land linski, director of the career center. "They teresting. That's wha.t career education is, want more of an idea in high school what trying to let kids know about these other owners whose lands are to be purchased. they're going to be doing in later life, rather jobs." Owners can then be promptly paid for than waiting to get to a university to do their Paul Farmer, a sophomore at Washington their lands, without having to wait years exploring." Lee High School, says he figures the Arling for the money to come through, as is so Consequently, school officials in the Wash ton career center is what he's looking for. frequently the case now. It is very unfair ington metropolitan area. report, participa "In the first year (general construction) for landowners to have their lands in tion in vocational courses has doubled or you get to arc-weld, and the second year you cluded in new park boundaries, without tripled in the last few years, and local public get further training in welding. That helps funds coming along promptly to pay school systems are rapidly expanding the getting into a union,'' he says. "A journey number of career orientation programs and man welder makes good money, and that's them off. specialized vocational training. something you can always fall back on if you We owe it to ourselves, and certainly One of the moving forces in this trend, want to try something else." to the future generations yet to come educators say, is a change in attitudes of Paul's two older brothers are iron workers, who have no voice, to move forcefully and youth toward blue collar work. his mother explains, and Paul is tired o! aggressively now to secure and preserve No longer are students as conscious about school already. We're not your 9-to-5 office more of what little remains of our pre status as they once were, and this is break family type; Pau;;. likes getting outdoors, so ing down old perceptions that there are so this (program) will be great for him." cious natural outdoor heritage. I hope called "good jobs", like doctors, and "bad Arlington, like the other Washington area that many of my colleagues will join and jobs", like bricklayers, local educators say. school systems, will allow students to spend support this most worthy cause of signif School officials also are working to remove up to half their classroom time training in icantly increasing the size of the Land the traditional stigma attached to jobs in courses such as hotel-motel management, and Water Conservation Fund. I know volving physical labor by offering more vo· fashion design, carpentry, masonry and that sympathy is already strongly here cational courses, and a career education pro child care, with the rest of their time devoted now with many. I can think of few ef gram from kindergarten on designed to show to the standard academic construction at how different jobs relate and how each can their home high schools. forts on the part of the Congress which be valuable and satisfying. In Alexandria junior high school students would result in such lasting benefit to so This program includes hands on tools in now can watch a butcher carve meat in the many. But we must act without further kindergarten; role playing in the elementary classroom; in Montgomery County high delay. schools where youngsters act out both white school students can intern as say, a congres collar and skilled labor jobs and visits to sional aide or work part time in data proces work sites where students are encouraged sing; and in Fairfax County students build STUDENTS FLOCK TO VOCATIONAL to study the worker as well as the product. houses. COURSES In junior high school the study becomes As part of their high school vocational more intense, with students focusing on the training experience, students in some Wash connection between a range of jobs in fieH'is ington area school jurisdictions repair-at HON. LLOYD MEEDS such as transportation, health sciences, com cost-cars, radios, televisions, and heating OF WASHINGTON munication or marketing. and air conditioning products brought in by Then., those students in high school who the public. They set hair, cut hair or give IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES h ave a strong interest in a job can ch'oose manicures in cosmetology and barbering Thursday, June 6, 1974 from a list of vocational training courses that classes and build prefabricated sheds, raise is being expanded annually but still is not nursery products and repair lawnmowers. Mr. MEEDS. Mr. Speaker, vocational meeting the demand. One of the unusual vocational projects education traditionally has been the More than 1,000 students already have the area is the home in Annandale built "poor relation" of education. On the one signed up for the Arlington career center entirely by Fairfax County high school stu hand, vocational education has come out courses, and there are waiting lists for most dents. a poor second best when it comes to di classes. The project took 18 months; boys did most viding up the educational dollar. In the "Traditionally the adage was, 'Get good of the construction and girls planned the grades and stay in school or you'll have to interior design and the color-coding, and not-so-distant past, we were spending go to work,' but more and more students are together they marketed it. 85 percent of the education dollar for disregarding that," says Dr. N. Edwin Craw The home sold for $73,000 last fall to tele academic education, while only 20 per ford, director of career education for Prince vision newscaster Wes Sarginson. "It has cent of those students really needed bac George's public schools. "Youngsters are opt been an outstanding home, with many fewer calaureate degrees for their careers. On ing to go to work; they want to go to work, problems than you would expect in a new the other hand, vocational education has to get involved." house,'' Sarginson told a. reporter this week. been a second choice, attracting princi In developing their vocational curriculum, His previous, smaller home cost $69 a pally students who, for one reason or an administrators note also that jobs stemming month to heat, Sarginson said; the larger, from vocational training of.ten pay more than student-built home cost $32 a montt_ "That other, felt they could not make it in so-called white collar jobs available to col gi-res you an idea about how much tighter the academic tract. lege graduates, and that the Department of the new home is." I am glad to note that this is no longer Labor predicts that three out of four new The quality of student work, Sarginson as true as it once was. Changing attitudes jobs between now and the end of the decade said, can be further evidenced in the repair on the part of administrators help, but will not require a college education. job they did on a. car owned by his friend the biggest change is with the students One of the ironies of the present high un and coanchorman, Fred Thomas. themselves. Status concepts, college just employment rate is that there is a. shortage "He had a. Volkswagen van that was a of workers in construction and maintenance· moving junkpile, an embarrassment to ride for the sake of college, the sanctity of the related fields. "Try to get something fixed in in,'' Sarginson said. "The floor was rusted white-collar job-these are being chal your home-a television, plumbing, electrical through, no body shop would touch it." Stu lenged by the present generation of stu work-and you can't get it done," says Dr. dents in an auto mechanics course at George dents. Crawford. Marshall High School near McLean tore the The following article from the Wash "In the pa.st we've channeled kids into what car down and refurbished it to near-new ington Post of June 3, 1974, illustrates the we thought was good for them; we told them quality, Sarginson said. The cost was parts shifting focus: these (blue collar) jobs were bad and no and $1 for labor. Construction students from all 22 Fairfax STUDENTS FLOCK TO VOCATIONAL COURSES body went out to work them,'' he said. "Now kids are more intelligent. They're looking for County high schools are now involved in (By Ron Shaffer) something meaningful and relevant to them building a complex of eight structures at Paul Farmer, 15, is one of those high school and they're not letting this older generation Hemlock Overlook Regional Park near Clif students who doesn't like the classroom. He impose their values on them." ton. This project, built with Northern Vir is interested in welding, not English litera Critics of the trend toward career educa ginia Regional Park Authority money, is to ture. tion and increased vocational training, Dr. be an environmental campus where students Starting in September. Paul will be able to Crawford says, "complain we're trying to lock can take overnight field trips for nature spend two hours a. day studying welding, kids into an early choice. But in career edu study. among other construction techniques, a.t a cation we're simply trying to give kids more About 50 of the students are at the work new $4.6 million career education center information with their career options. It be site all day and have their English and in Arlington. The center is one more re gins in kindergarten and covers not Just social studies classes in the woods. sponse by a. school system to the growing blue-collar jobs, but all jobs." While Arlington 1s the first to consolidate number of students who want to leave high For instance in the Prince George's Coun vocational programs in one complex, Alex school with a start toward a career that ty police department, Crawford said, there andria has plans to follow suit in 1976 with does not require four years of college. are 450 jobs other than being a patrolman. a vocational complex a.t T. C. Williams High "Kids aren't going to college any more just "These are jobs that kids know nothing School, and the District of Columbia ls mov- 18224 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 6, 1974 ing toward opening some area vocational Unofficial Mayor of Glen Burnie and has shock a lot of people. If so, they will have centers that will include programs of study been an advisor to government officials in nothing on the disappointment, surprise and in one area, such as transportation, health cluding the President of the United States, shock I have felt in reading those transcripts services, marketing, and construction. the Governor of Maryland and the Anne of the White House tape recordings during Some of these are due to be opened next Arundel County Executive; and the past few days. fall, and gradually will replace the tradi Whereas, Many honors have been bestowed Now any more or less regular reader of tional vocational schools in the District, upon him because of his work with more these weekly editorial comments knows how which offered its special training only to than 40 organizations, including 23 years as consistently the President has gotten my those students in the school. President of the Glen Burnie Improvement backing-and properly so. Even his worst The high school vocational programs are Association, 22 years as President of the Glen enemies now have to admit that his strategy structured to provide the basics for contin Burnie Health Center, and 26 years as Presi for ending the Vietnam War was correct. ued study specialized at area junior colleges dent of the Glen Burnie carniva.l that since And absolutely no one can fail to praise his and ~chnical schools. Often one or two years 1908 has earned thousands of dollars an many remarkable initiatives toward a more beyond high school is required to enter nually for the improvement of Glen Burnie; peaceful world. skilled jobs. and It also was proper--cert.ainly in my book "We don't want students to have to spend Whereas, His many activities also include to continue to back and defend the Pres four years in college to find out what they being an informal advisor to President Nixon ident as strongly as possible when the Water want to do," Dr. Crawford said. "We want on community contributions by volunteers; gate scandals began leaking all over the to let them know what options are open to appointment by Governor Millard W. Tawes place. As a loyal American, to me it seemed them early on, and have them know about as Vice-President of the Maryland Children's only natural and necessary to be loyal to different types o..: work and become involved Center and Vice-President of the Waxter the nation's elected leader; to accept his ex in appropriate technical training and aca Children's Center; appointment by County planations and deplore the excesses of his demic instruction that will prepare them for Executive Joseph Alton to several impor accusers. At the very least, like everyone else, jobs. tance commissions and boards; and he should be presumed innocent until proven "One high school girl told me she wanted Whereas, He has served on a -wide range of guilty. to major in medical research in college," Dr. other organizations benefitting citizens from That was my consistent position, expressed Crawford said. "I asked her why and she children through senior citizens; now, here many times and in many ways. Not that said she had picked that field out of a col therefore, be it it was easy. In my he.art I often felt he lege catalogue. She didn't know anything Resolved by the Senate of Maryland, That probably knew a lot more than he admitted. about it--the hours, the pluses and minuses, William Padfield be commended as an able And it certainly became obvious, despite his the requirements or whether she even had and dedicated community leader, for his un claims of executive privilege and national the aptitude for it. usual contributions to the community of security, that he was far from being as forth "My own sou decided in high school to Glen Burnie, and for his many good works right as the people and the Congress had a be an economist because he read where it which will benefit the people of Glen Burnie right to expect. was one of the highest paying . jobs. But he for many generations to come, and be it The real reason for his uncooperative stall didn't know what the job entailed until his further ing tactics is now abundantly and terribly last two years in college. It's a sad story but Resolved, That a copy of this Resolution clear. It is all in the tape transcripts he it happens all the time." be sent to Mr. Padfield, 410 Delmar Avenue, finally was forced to make public. Even in His son went on to get a master's degree S.E., Glen Burnie, Md. 21061. their heavily edited and possibly inaccurate in education, Dr. Crawford added, but now form, the transcripts add up to as damning works as a paint foreman because that pays a document as it is possible to imagine short better than work he could find in his college WILLIAM RANDOLPH HEARST of an actual indictment. major. REVISITED Maybe, technically, the President still is justified in claiming he knew nothing in ad vance about the Watergate break-in, or of A RESOLUTION COMMENDING HON. ROBERT L. LEGGETT the initial cover-up efforts. The point is that WILLIAM P ADFIEI.D OF CALIFORNIA those shameful tapes reveal a man totally IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES absorbed in the cheapest and sleaziest kind of conniving to preserve appearance, and almost HON. MARJORIE S. HOLT Thursday, June 6, 1974 totally unconcerned with ethics. OF MARYLAND Mr. LEGGETT. Mr. Speaker, a few The man seems to have a moral blind spot. To me it is simply astonishing that he would IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES weeks ago I delivered a statement that make the transcripts public with the avowed Thursday, June 6, 1974 was somewhat critical of the intellectual belief that they would exonerate him. They acuity displayed by Mr. William Ran may not actually amount to a conviction of Mrs. HOLT. Mr. Speaker, I would like dolph Hearst on the question of im criminal behavior. Perhaps the kindest way of to take this opportunity to introduce in peachment. I now find occasion to mod putting it is that they amount to an unwit the RECORD, a Maryland Senate resolu ify my views. ting confession, in which he stands convicted tion which commends William Padfield, In a more recent column, which I in by his own words as a man who deliberately a constituent of mine from Glen Burnie, sert in the RECORD at the conclusion of and repeatedly tried to keep the truth from Md. my remarks, Mr. Hearst appears to have the American people. Mr. Padfield has spent his lifetime in I am not being heartless or simple minded reversed himself. Where before he about this. Over the years I have known quite service to his Nation and his community. seemed to feel that impeachment of Mr. a few Presidents and am very much aware of He was a member of the Coast Guard for Nixon would violate the concepts of gov the often ruthless--even deplorable-actions 24 years, and following his retirement, ernment envisioned by Washington, Jef made necessary by the pressures of their awe Mr. Padfield provided 28 years of com ferson, Hamilton, and others, he is now some power. But I have never heard anything passionate service to his community. His impressed by "how impossible it would as ruthless, deplorable and ethically indefen contribution to Maryland through his have been for any of the Founding sible as the talk on those White House tapes. work in children centers, and his advice The voices on the tapes, even the censored Fathers or for Abraham Lincoln to have parental guidance version, comes through and counsel on numerous commissions tolerated 2 minutes" of Mr. Nixon's cyn like a gang·of racketeers talking over strategy has been a strengthening influence to his ical indifference to the national interest. as they realize that the cops are closing in fellow citizens. His remarkable career is What has caused Mr. Hearst's change on them. Scene after scene sounds like a a source of pride and satisfaction to of heart? corny old movie. How can we cover up this Marylanders, and I submit the following I suspect that he has begun to read his and that? How much dough do we need to resolution in support of this: newspapers. pay off so and so? Who's going to take the rap [Senate of Maryland] for this and that? The article follows: An odd fact is that the Boss in these ses SENATE RESOLUTION No. 122 A FACING OF FACTS sions-to this reader, at least--fails to radiate A SENATE RESOLUTION CONCERNING WILLIAM (By William Randolph Hearst, Jr.) even a whiff of the authority of Edward G. PADFIELD NEW YoRK.-This is a very tough column Robinson in the movies, or even Chicago's -Big For the purpose of commending his ability for me to write, but events this week make Bill Thompson in real life. Instead the other and dedication as a community leader it imperative. The essence-or lead as we say members of the gang all clearly felt free to Whereas, When he retired from the U.S. in the newspaper business-is that President keep coming up with tricky ideas and chew Coast Guard 24 years ago after 28 years of Richard M. Nixon has made it impossible them them around with as much apparent service, William Padfield decided to devote for me to continue believing what he claims au thorl ty as the chief. his time to the improvement of his com about himself in the Watergate mess. In this sharing of power, this speaking as munity, Glen Burnie, Maryland; and That's about the most reluctant statement equals, the atmosphere was solely one of in Whereas, Over these many years, he has made here in the last 20 years. It probably trigue and self-protection. If any of the par · been honored with the wen-earned title of m disappoint, surprise and maybe even ticipants-ever-gave any consideration to June 6, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18225 what was right for the nation instead. of the Secretary of Transportation and the Similar measures were authorized last year themselves, then I must have missed it in the Interstate Commerce Commission to to help bring in the harvest. thousands of words I have waded through. prohibit smoking in common carriers ex Soviet officials have said recently that un Think how impossible it would have been expectedly cool spring weather has delayed for any of the founding fathers or for Abra cept in areas designed for that purpose. the planting of spring crops and delayed the ham Lincoln to have tolerated two minutes Cigarettes are hazardous to the health growth of winter wheat that is still being of it. of those who smoke. It has recently been harvested. Normally, 60 per cent of the Soviet I also think of Eisenhower-as easy-going found that cigarette smoke also can be grain crop is planted in spring. a President as we ever had. He instantly hazardous to the health of those who chopped off his strong right arm, Sherman must breathe it second-hand. In the Adams, the man who was running the coun confined space of an airplane, a train, or HOME RULE PROTECTION UNDER try for him, when his chief aide committed a bus, the air pollution due to cigarette THE LAND USE PLANNING ACT the impropriety of accepting gifts from a. man seeking business with the government. smoke can impair efficiency, can cause To Lincoln, to Ike, and to most of our discomfort, and can be an irritation. The HON. LLOYD MEEDS nonsmoker should not have to breathe Presidents the White House itself had to be OF WASHINGTON just tha~a house of pristine integrity, both his neighbor's cigarette smoke for pro in reality and appearance. longed periods as the price of traveling JN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The symbol of America's faith in its gov in a public carrier. Thursday, June 6, 1974 ernment is sullied beyond measure when it It is a curious contradiction that we Mr. MEEDS. Mr. Speaker, citizens of ts used as headquarters for a gang whose have committed ourselves to the complex main concern is the maintenance of per States with strong political and constitu sonal power-at any cost. task of improving environmental air tional traditions of home rule have As was declared in the opening paragraph, quality, without taking action to remove voiced some concern that land use deci this ls a tough column for me to have to ourselves from the most prevalent form sions historically made at the local level write. Perhaps some of what has been said of air pollution-the smoke-filled room. would-under provisions of H.R. 10294- is overly tough. Certainly it is not my in This bill is a reasonable first step in be made instead by officials of State tention to join the persecutors of Richard the direction of recognizing our rights government. Nixon. to clean air indoors, as well as out. It All the same, honesty and a natural con The measure under consideration, would give 'to the nonsmoker minimal however, guarantees that there will ~e cern for my country's dignity compel me to protection against the dangers and the face the facts. This ts something that Rich relatively little alteration of the tradi ard Nixon, unhappily for both himself and unpleasantness of cigarette smoke in the tional delegation of land use control to the nation, has repeatedly refused to do in closed environments of interstate trans the smallest units of local government. the Watergate affair. portation systems. Analyses of past and present land de As noted, it is amazing to me that he velopment practices reveal that public doesn't seem to realize how damning those or private decisionmakers can, in fact, tape transcripts are. Even more amazing is exercise judgments which affect citizens the fact that an astute politician, which U.S.S.R. DRAFTS CITY RESIDENTS living beyond their local jurisdictions. he is, failed to realize that cleverness is no FOR FARMWORK match for demonstrable truth. The true meaning of our democratic From the very beginning of Watergate I process-of grass roots participation thought he would sit tall and straight in dictates that some resolution of the con the saddle. His White House cleanup at least HON. ROBERT J. HUBER flict between communities planning their partially confirmed my expectations. But OF MICHIGAN own development-and citizens of ad then he proceeded, in one razzle-dazzle move IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES jacent areas who will be impacted by that after another, to show that he was going Thursday, June 6, 1974 development-must occur if major land to resist Congress and the press in their every effort to get the full truth. Mr. HUBER. Mr. Speaker, the peren use crises are to be a voided. Practically all of his troubles, including the nial problem that haunts the Communist Local governments have grappled with impending threat of impeachment, would nations of the world is an adequate sup the issues of land use, growth and devel have been avoided if he had only had the ply of food. The standard practice of col opment for decades. Chicago and Cin honesty to tell the whole truth right away. cinnati, for example, developed smoke Lacking that, he certainly should have stuck lectivizing the farms always brings a control laws nearly a century ago-long by his original contention that nobody has a decrease in production. There is no in before the issue of air pollution gained right to examine the intimate records of the centive to produce, except on any small national prominence. By 1912, 23 of the presidency. plots of land, permitted by the govern 28 cities in the Nation with populations ·over a year ago, in this column, the opin ment, that can be privately worked. over 200,000 had similar laws. Automo ion was expressed that only the Supreme Farm people in the Soviet Union are Court has the authority to decide whether bile emissions were regulated only after treated as second-class citizens. They are Los Angeles officials discovered in the such records may be opened or not. It was not normally issued the internal pass the President's steady retreat from defiant early fifties that cars are the chief source positions, plus the suspicions and renewed port, which every Soviet citizen carries of urban smog. While the problem of air attacks each retreat created, that finally for travel within the country. They are pollution cannot be characterized purely compelled him to release at least part of issued temporary passports for up to 6 as a local issue, responsibility for en them. months or even just 3-day passes in or forcement of air quality standards re He released them only because he had to, der to leave or travel from the farm to mains largely under control of local jur finally, and because he somehow thought which they are assigned. In addition the isdictions. the censored versions would do him some pay is low and the rewards are few. Thus, City governments also led the way in good with the public. God knows what the it is with great interest that I recently unexpurgated tapes would show. establishment of protection for sources Incredible? It sure is. read that the world's most powerful of drinking water as well as the treat Sickening? Just read the transcripts. Socialist state was drafting city dwell ment of liquid wastes. At the time of the Today, sitting here in a kind of stunned ers in order to bring in the harvest, even Federal entry into the water quality con . sorrow, it is hard for ·me to imagine Whlf as Fidel Castro does with Cuba's sugar trol scene in 1948, local governments had any informed person would not see the in harvest. The article from the Journal of outpaced all other levels of government evitability of impeachment. Commerce of May 14, 1974, follows: in these efforts. Local jurisdictions tradi SPRING CROP PLANTING BEHIND IN THE U.S.S.R. tionally have been-and likely will con PROHIBIT SMOKING IN COMMON Moscow .-The Soviet Union, behind tinue to be-the agencies most responsive schedule with its spring crops because of bad to new demands and areas of citizen CARRIERS weather, has decided to draft city dwellers concern. into emergency agricultural work, Pravda Local regulation of land use has said recently. existed-at least in the urbanized Por HON. GUNN McKAY The newspaper said the party central com OP UTAH mittee has issued a decree authorizing gov tions of most States-for a number of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ernments of the various Soviet republics "to years. Historically, local systems of zon employ able-bodied members of the popula ing and subdivision control have proved Thursday, June 6, 1974 tions of cities, settlements and vmages in adequate for controlling most types of Mr. McKAY. Mr. Speaker, I am intro agricultural operations as an exceptional development in urban areas. Yet at a ducing a bill today that would require measure during 1974. time of increasing land use demands and 18226 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 6, 1974 the need for more effective public par where cost is a key factor, such as hous policy of increasing production of food ticipation and community control, the ing. to meet strong domestic demand and to value of supl)Orting local decisionmaking The American Law L'1Stitute's report, satisfy foreign market opportunities. At wherever PoSSible is obvious. "A Model Land Development Code," the same time, while agi·eeing that this Land use planning partnerships among states that 90 percent of land use deci is a legitimate and worthwhile policy, we the various levels of government can and sions cun·ently made by local govern cannot sit idly by and ignore the short should be developed-procedures which ments have no major effect on statewide term severe and immediate problems allow each level to represent its con or national matters. In addition, most that threaten the stability of our im stituency without unnecessarily usurping of these decisions can be made intelli portant livestock industry. powers needed at another level for re gently solely by people familiar with the Current livestock prices threaten the sponsible decisionmaking. local social, environmental, and economic livelihood of tens of thousands of As the Nation moves toward an in conditions. The decision whether a motel families along the entire length of the creased level of State involvement in or a drugstore should be located on a production and marketing chain. At land use decisionmaking, adequate pro particular corner in Charlotte, N.C., for least part of this low price situation is visions must be developed to assure that example, can be made most effectively in due to the folly of last summer's meat the State role is related in a logical man Charlotte-not in Raleigh or Washing price freeze and the lifting of meat im ner to the continuing need for local par ton. port restrictions. ticipation. The tendency to bypass Better coordination of decisions affect The current dip in retail beef prices existing systems of local control must be ing land use activities beyond local widely heralded by the American house avoided. boundaries clearly is needed today. Many wife, may twn out to be a boomerang. If This historical tradition of local con examples of harmful land use activities low livestock prices are allowed to con trol of land use decisions is desirable exist to counter arguments that "nothing tinue, the producers and feeders will be and should be maintained. But the need needs to be done." Individual jurisdic driven from the marketplace and a red to provide some form of State or regional tions can do little about such problems, meat shortage in a matter of months participation in those decisions tran because local government land use plan could drive prices to new record levels. scending single jurisdiction boundaries ning activity ends at the city line. A wide1· The bill I am introducing today would must also be recognized. How can this overview of the simultaneous impact of temporarily restrict the import of beef best be done? How can the successful large-scale development on several com into the United States for a period of aspects and independent traditions of munities is vital. 6 months in order to help the industry home rule be protected as new mecha Facing this issue poses the challenge: return to its normal stabilized pricing nisms for State assistance in decisions How can an equitable mechanism be de procedures which were thrown out of that transcend local boundaries are vised that guides development having kilter last year. developed? multicommunity impact while concom During the fall of 1972 and early spring Regional and State participation in itantly protecting local government 1973 the cattle industry achieved an land use judgments must be guided by control of intra.jurisdictional decision orderly and reasonably stable market a Policy that assures their involvement making? H.R. 10294 carefully blends situation. Cattle numbers by category only in those issues impacting more than these requirements. It guarantees that remained steady. As fat cattle were one community. Control over the great local land use decisions will continue to finished in feedlots and slaughtered, majority of matters which a.re only of feeder cattle were available for lot re local concern should 1·emain in the hands be made locally-while judgments affect of local government. Although the prob ing projects impacting more than a placements. This replacement procedure lem of defining the extent of land use single community will be reviewed by continued back along the supply chain to State governments. the cow-calf producer. impact in advance is not an easy one, In 1973, the picture turned around. the Land Use Planning Act currently Domestic demand for beef had been under consideration provides clear pro growing significantly. This increased tection for home rule concerns. BEEF IMPORTS INTO THE UNITED domestic demand continued as grain and Until recently, the delegation of State STATES other feed prices i-ose to all-time highs. power to local governments as the agen The dollar devaluation contributed an cies best able to exercise regulation of increased foreign demand for U.S. t-rain. land development had been a.ccepted HON. DAVE MARTIN Cattlemen in the Midwest and West we::e with Uttle question. However, increasing OF NEBRASKA hit with the worst. winter weather in attention in the past several yea.rs has IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES focused on a number of well-publicized memory, and an estimated half-million Thursday, June 6, 1974 head of cattle perished in the winter. problems which demonstrate the need Beef supplies fell sho1-t of demand and for a retum to State or regional partici Mr. MARTIN of Nebraska. Mr. Speak prices responded by 1·ising sharply. pation in the control of land use. er, I am today introducing legislation to At this Point, cattlemen were making In New York, the consumers face provide fo1· a 6-month freeze on beef money. The cattle prices were once again power shortages; local opposition to new imports into the United States. At a reaching levels of 20 years ago. Livestock generating plants has stymied both pri time when our domestic livestock mar producers planned expansions of their vate utilities and State agencies. In New ket ls such that U.S. producers are suf cow herds. In time the increased prices Jersey, failure of local interests to agi·ee fering losses of $100 to $200 per head, it would have enabled production to catch on a plan for use of the Hackensack is imperative that action· be taken to re up with demand. But, consumers grew Meadows has stalled development of this store a sound market. If we are to con alarmed at the dramatic price increases. important area for many years. tinue to have the best and most abun They demanded more beef at lower Several states have adopted varied dant supply of food of any nation in the prices. Consumer boycotts were orga forms of land use controls to address world, we must insure that our live nized across the Nation, and, reacting to these types of local conflicts-regulations stock industry sw-vives. political pressure from consumer advo- . that maintain home rule safeguards. Al There is no other way of handling the cates, the Federal Government placed though the increased level of State in current problem, in any existing law, so price controls on beef. terest is welcomed in most cases, involve I am calling on my colleagues to sup1>0rt this legislation and ask that it be given The price controls on beef were lifted ment must be channeled so it deals effec last fall, but we are not out of the woods tively with imPortant problems without swift hearing and be reported to the unnecessarily increasing the costs of the House for passage as soon as possible. yet. A truck strike in February produced land development process. Inefficient, Mr. Speaker, the imposition of a 6- further erratic price behavior in the time consuming procedures involving month freeze on meat imports would marketplace. Right now, cattle feeders State or Federal approval o! locally ori be a healthy act for the U.S. economy, are losing $100 to $150 per head. Their ented decisions of minor imPortance and a vital shot in the. arm for the ail losses to date are estimated by the Ag could have serious social and economic ing cattle industl'y. Most economists riculture Department at well over $1 bil consequences, especially in industries agree with the current agricultural lion. Live cattle prices have dropped dra- June 6, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18227 matically. They appear to have stabi in the Ellsberg prosecutions will not scripts so far released; we think the President lized somewhat in the range of the mid settle the continuing question of rele ought to accede or at least ask the courts to $30's per hundred pounds-but at these vancy that plagues the House Judiciary rule and accept the outcome. But it is also true that by demanding more and more the prices, producers are suffering huge Committee's impeachment investigation. committee can keep the procedural issue alive losses. The President declines to produce sub forever, regardless of any issue of substance. The deteriorating cattle market in penaed materials contending irrelevancy. It can unilaterally create its own grounds for February and March of this year forced The list sought is specific. • impeachment. many cattle feeders into financial loss What is needed to clear the air and If the committee allowed the courts to positions which discouraged orderly get proceedings on the right road toward arbitrate. procedural issues would be grounds marketings of cattle for slaughter. Over an end to the interminable delays and for impeachment only if the President de· confusion is an application to the Fed cided to defy both branches. In that case they finished cattle have had a major price would be good grounds indeed. But by allow depressing effect in the past several eral courts for a court order to produce ing the courts to impose limits on its de weeks on both the live and the retail designated materials subpenaed. Such mands, the committee would lose the one markets. an application would almost certainly option through which it can assure itself of There were 8 percent fewer cattle on result in a court order to produce the grounds for impeachment. No doubt a fear feed on April 1 in the 23 major cattle materials for examination by the court that the substantive case alone will not be feeding States than a year ago, accord in camera for the purpose of ruling enough is the reason some partisans paint the ing to the Agriculture Department. The whether relevant or not. Thereafter, whole idea of adjudicating as something of a Nixon plot, but the committee itself ought to sharpest decline was in the Corn Belt, those items found relevant would be re be above that kind of thinking. which had 9 percent fewer cattle, while quired to be turned over to the com There are of course more solid fears about those in western feedlots were down by mittee. involving the court, as the discussion nearby 5 percent. While such a procedure is admittedly shows. To rule on evidence, the courts would Cattle feeders expected to market only subject to the delays involved in appeals, have to decide in their own minds what con slightly more cattle in April through if taken, it is the preferable course to stitutes an impeachable offense. But surely June than they did a year ago although achieve a final proper resolution of con the argument that they cannot do this with· on April 1 they had 8 percent more cat flicting claims. Once finally adjudicated, out asserting the power to overrule Congress' eventual decision strains at gnats and swal tle on feed in weight groups that nor it is inconceivable that the President lows elephants. mally would supply most of the spring would refuse to comply with the final We also doubt that the Congress really quarter marketings. This indicates that order of the court after appeals have wants to argue that the courts have no place the problems that go along with over been exhausted. because impeachment is a purely political finished cattle are not yet solved. In this connection, an editorial appear matter anyway. It is of course true that pub A 6-month respite from the market ing in the Wall Street Journal for June 5, lic opinion will eventually be decisive, but the impact of imported beef would go a long 1974, is of interest: public is too sensible to see the impeachment issue as one of prerogatives of the branches of way toward helping the U.S. cattle in IMPEACHMENT AND THE COURTS government. We should think that all dustry get back to normal, allowing the We do not see how Congress can vote on branches sho,1ld try to meet the real issue, visible strength in consumer demand to the substance of a case for impeachment which is whether or not the President is lift the price of choice steers at Omaha unless it first encourages the courts to han guilty of wrongdoing. back to the mid $40's per hundred dle questions of evidence and executive priv Obviously a great many people have already pounds early this summer. A year ago ilege, which otherwise wlll be intractable made up their minds, both pro and con, on they averaged $46. procedural snarls. While the House Judiciary the President's guilt. But there are also those Committee has so far refused to seek ad of us who find the current evidence quite From the steady, orderly market of judication, we hope and trust the matter is 1972-73, we have come full circle, to ambiguous and are interested in trying to es not yet closed. tablish the truth about so serious a matter. surplus followed by shortage. Price con As one straw in the wind, we note that The truth will not be established by impeach trols were a terrible price to pay for the Senate Majority Leader Mansfield has asked ing the President for refusing subpoenas or irreversible damage to our strong cattle the Supreme Court to forgo its usual sum citing him for contempt of Congress. Going industry. mer recess, holding itself ready to decide to the courts is the best route for /01·cing out Mr. Speaker, I am sure that my col questions affecting Watergate. In allowing the relevant evidence; Congress• function is leagues in the Congress can appreciate Special Prosecutor Leon Jaworski to skip the to then render its judgment on where the usual appellate level and scheduling a July truth lies. the fact that the livestock industry is one hearing on his subpoena of Oval Office tapes, of the only segments of our economy not In accepting the Jaworski appeal, the Su the Court not only took the majority leader's preme Court has moved some way towards burdened with heavy Government regu advice but expressed its own willingness to accepting its part of those tasks, though the lation, controls and programs. But, if we involve itself in Watergate proceedings. issues in that case will still be far from those fail to act to help the industry now, we We are at a bit of a loss to understand the that would arise in the full context of an may one day rue the fact if we have to Rodino committee's adamant opposition to impeachment probe. Congress' next step provide huge Government subsidies to invoking the court. But we have been in ought to be a suit putting the issue squarely, creasingly impressed by its general handling even at the risk of giving up sweeping but insure sufficient supplies of meat for the of the impeachment probe, and we would be people of our Nation. far from surprised if it yet decided to go to ultimately empty claims of unilateral juris The beef industry will reestablish its diction. In deciding whether to take that court in the face of presidential refusals to course, Congress needs to ask which is more traditional market stability if we give yield more evidence. Surely the committee important, rhetorically defending its pre it the opportunity. The bill I have intro can understand that the nation deserves a rogatives, or arriving at the truth about duced will provide that opportunity, and vote on the substance of alleged presidential Watergate. I urge my colleagues in the House to wrongdoings, not on the prerogatives of Con gress versus the prerogatives of the Execu support the bill and request swift hear tive. ings so that the bill can be reported and The committee's refusal to go to court MAO'S STRATEGY acted on as soon as possible. would be easier to understand if it had been less careful generally, for the quickest ex planation is that it feels it needs the proce HON. JOHN E. HUNT COURT DECISION ON RELEVANCY dural issue to make a case against the Presi OF NEW JERSEY NEEDED dent. The House could find no grounds on IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES which to impeach Andrew Johnson, for exam ple, until it forced him into an impasse on Thursday, June 6, 1974 HON. LOUIS C. WYMAN prerogatives. Similarly, we now learn, when Mr. HUNT. Mr. Speaker, yesterday two OF NEW HAMPSHmE Tammany Hall Democrats impeached and different communications regarding removed a threatening New York governor, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the grounds were campaign fvnd violations Communist China came to my attention Thursday, June 6, 1974 and refusing to cooperate with the impeach· and both are most disturbing. The first ment panel. is the latest edition of U.S. News & World Mr. WYMAN. Mr. Speaker, even a As we have said before, we think the com Report, and the second is a secret docu decision by the High Court on the Jawor mittee's demand for further evidence is en ment, published by the Chinese Com ski petition relating to evidence sought tirely Justified by the ambiguity of the tran- munist Kunming Military Region and 18228 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 6, 1914 obtained and released by intelligence This has already been written into the new JUNE 4, 1974. sources in Taipei. party constitution. Nevertheless, are we to Hon. ROBERT N. C. Nxx, As both articles are quite lengthy, I fight these two enemies simultaneously, us House of Representatives, ing a same might? No. Are we to ally our Washington, D.C. am not going to go into a lot of the detail selves with the one against the other? Defi DEAR MR. Nxx: The Secretary has asked me of either, but rather I have picked out nitely not. We act in the light of changes to reply to your letter of May 15, in which a few of the contrasting points in each. in situation, tipping the scale diversely at you ask for information about the reported Let me quote :first from U.S. News: diherent times. harassment of American tourists in Moscow There Ls plenty of excitement in U.S. busi on May 10. ness circles about a "boom" in t1:ade with Are we going to continue to let our Our Embassy in Moscow was informed of mainland China. In two years the exchange selves be suckered by the Communist this matter on May 11 by a Western jour of goods between the two countries has gone line, or are we going to remain strong nalist who had encountered the American up 10 times. and flnn in our dealings with them? tourists involved 1n the incident. The tourists Detente to the Communists, Ml'. Speaker, themselves did not contact the Embassy, and Then they go on to say: the Embassy's attempts to locate them were In addition, U.S. traders-instead of selling is just another step in their overall strat unsuccessful. "oil lamps" as their forebears did a century egy of world conquest. That we are con On May 11 the Embassy received an ac ago-are signing contracts with Peking to tributing to this goal is most disturbing. count of the incident from one of the Soviets deliver aircraft, communications equipment, who was present as a guest of the tourists. fertlllzer plants, oll drilling and mining rigs, According to this account, the incident in and machine tools. POLICE HARASSMENT IN THE volved a. picnic reportedly organized by a SOVIET UNION couple from Florida. who had been corre In addition to all this Mr. Speaker, sponding with Soviet Jews in Moscow prior Boeing Corp. has sold 10 of its 707's to to their visit to the USSR. This couple and mainland China, and the training of HON. ROBERT N. C. NIX several of their fellow tourists from Florida Chinese pilots took place in the United OF PENNSYLVANIA were joined by several Soviet Jews on a Mos States, using interpTeters provided by cow city bus bound for a picnic site near Peking. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the city. Mr. Byron Miller, Boeing's director of Thursday, June 6, 1974 According to the Soviet source, the bus international sales for Southeast Asia was halted by Soviet militia at the outskirts V.L1.·. NIX. Mr. Speaker, many of us are of Moscow, and all passengers were asked to and Australia. said: concerned about the continuing repres produce identity documents. Militiamen re We had to start from ground zero and give sion of human rights in the Soviet Union. portedly told the Americans and their Soviet them a complete rundown on the develop Recently I wrote to Secretary of State guests that the bus was headed for an area ment of the 707 aircraft up through the 727, Kissinger asking for a report on an off-limits to foreigners. The group started to 737, and 747. We tried to cover the waterfront. incident in which several American walk toward the picnic area but was again This is all pretty cozy, Mr. Speaker, citizens, along with a group of Soviet stopped by militiamen who repeated that the area was closed to foreigners. The group then and looks good perhaps on the corporate Jews. were subjected to harassment by went to a nearby field and held a picnic. balance sheet. But I should like to offer Soviet police. The Embassy's source said that the group now some excerpts from the secret re I believe that it is essential that the was surrounded by plainclothes policemen, port' I made reference to earlier. First United States make it clear to the Soviet some of whom took photographs. Some resi some comments regarding the President's Union that we will not tolerate the use of dents of the area. also appeared and cursed trip to China and the reasons for it: Soviet police-state methods on American at the group, using anti-semitic language. If you don't talk to him, it is impossible citizens. The group departed peacefully after finishing for you to get in (the U.S.), nor is it possible I its picnic. There were no arrests either then insert my letter and the reply of the or later. to have your influences brought into the State Department in the RECORD at this United States, much less the possibility of One of the major functions of the Amer point: ican Embassy in Moscow and the American doing a good job in the work of the people HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, and of making a publicity of Marxism Consulate General in Leningrad is to assist Washington, D.C., May 15, 1974. American tourists who encounter difficulties Lenlnism.. Hon. HENRY K!SSINGER, with Soviet authorities. We would be pre Especially noteworthy was the tremendous Secretary of State, Department of State, impact resulting therefrom, when people in pared to consider raising this incident with Washington, D.C. appropriate Soviet officials, once we receive the United States and West Europe and DEAR MR. SECRETARY: I am deeply upset a full account from the Americans who were North America saw the sp1r1tual aspects and about recent news reports concerning the involved. To date, neither the Embassy nor the actual situation of the people of our harassment of American citizens in the the Department has been contacted by the country. Thus, the U.S. lies slandering China Soviet Union. I refer specifically to news re Americans who participated in the picnic. in the past were all shattered by facts, and ports appearing on May 11 of an incident I hope you will call on me 1f you have our international influences were expanded. near Moscow in which 10 American citizens further questions regarding this matter. who were preparing to have a picnic with a Cordially, Mr. Speaker, the report cites the in number of Soviet Jews were apparently sub LINWOOD HOLTON, crease in travel between both countries, jected to searches, intimidation, and insults Assistant Secretary for Congressional the exchange of artistic groups, and the by a large number of Soviet plainclothes Relations. police. It was also reported that anti-Semitic now famous ping-pong match. But, ac insults were shouted at the group. cording to the report this was done for It is shocking to me that American citizens publicity for Communist China. It states can be subjected to such police state tactics that- for attempting to have a picnic with Soviet CAPITAL GAINS TAX REFORM our influences have now 1·eached the friends. It is my oplnlon that 1f the Soviet United States. Revolution has already Union wishes to be considered a major na tion and a part of the world community, it HON. ROBERT P. HANRAHAN triumphed in China. If revolution triumphs OF ILLINOIS also in the United States, it wm create a must be expected to abide by at least the tremendous impact on the whole world. minimum standards of civilized nations. If IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES we cannot prevent the Soviet Union from our invitation to Nixon to visit China pro harassing its own citizens, we can certainly Thursday, June 6, 1974 ceeds precisely from Chairman Mao's tactical prevent them from harassing citizens of the Mr. HANRAHAN. Mr. Speaker, the thinking of exploiting contradictions, win United States. House Ways and Means Committee has ning over the majority, opposing the minor Please send me, at the earliest possible been working extensively on tax reform ity, and breaking them up one by one. And time, the State Department's assessment of this by no means indicates a change in our the incident I have described. Also, please in measures. One issue of concern is the tax diplomatic line. form me of what steps, 1f any, the United on long term capital gains. For the ben States Embass; in Moscow has taken to in efit of my colleagues, I wish to insert the I shall conclude this with one last sure that American citizens 1n the Soviet following article which recently appeared quote from this most lengthy and in Union will not be subjected to future harass in the Chicago Tribune: formative report: ment and intimidation by Soviet authorities. CAPITAL GAINS TAX REFORM The two main enemies facing us are U.S. Sincerely yours, American industry will need about $1.4 imperialism. and Soviet revlsionlsm. We are RoBERT N. C. NIX, trillion in new capital by 1980 and $4 trillion to fight for overthrow of these two enemies. Member of Congress. by 1985 to finance industrial expansion, ere- June 6, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 182.39 ate new jobs, and meet future energy needs is the most promising we've seen. We also But hold back mightily on all that's good from new sources. like a proposal by Mr. Mills to exempt from And good there is as millio:ns of us know Unless the U.S. tax laws-particularly the taxation the first $10,000 in capital gains Because we've personally witnessed some tax on long term capital gains-are liberal earned over a taxpayer's lifetime. This, we Then later, shocked, we've heard or read re- ized to encourage investments, the nation believe, would encourage lower income porter's lies. could fall short of its capital requirements. groups such as wage earners to participate in Not only government, but the media is here The penalty for this failure would be a lower the free enterprise system and help provide on trial!!! standard of living for all Americans. the capital that will be needed in the years Yes, the tumult and the shouting died in this Capital gains are paid on the increase in ahead. our hour of truth. the value of an asset, such as stock or real Some dropped their stones in weary shame estate, between the time it is purchased and and vowed to be more fair. when it is sold. At the present time, short Some picked stones up, for those on whom term capital gains-on investments held for CONGRESSMAN LANDGREBE OB they blamed their guilty shame. six months or less-are taxed at the same SERVES A TIMELY POEM ''We're like a mob of animals!" they whis rate as ordinary income. Long term gains, pered to themselves. those held more than six months, are taxed Animals? Ah no! Torture is only allowed in at half the ordinary rate up to a maximum HON. EARL F. LANDGREBE man's civilized state! of 35 per cent. OF INDIANA But torture has a cost which, also, is known Investment capital traditionally has come to man alone. from the savings that individuals invest in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The gnawing sense of guilt born of the American business by buying securities. Be Thursday, June 6, 1974 knowledge that cause of low stock prices, unstable economic We accorded more fairness to murderers, dope conditions, government crises, and high Mr. LANDGREBE. Mr. Speaker, I peddlers and traitors yields on savings and other fixed-income in would like to pass on a poem which Than we did to the President of our own vestments, investors-large or small-are strikes me as a particularly timely and country. staying out of the stock market, and cor sensitive expression of how one citizen This will put us in debt, for the rest of our porations are finding it difficult to raise the perceives the sincere efforts of our Pres lives. money they need. And History will so testify. The Securities Industry Association, made ident to provide a better life for all. The Before it is too late up of investment bankers and stock brok message comes from Amy van Maur Before the cost becomes too great ers, cites what it terms a "capital drought." Morse, who is a constituent of Congress Let's face the future with intelligent poise The number of new stock issues has dropped man WILLIAM s. BROOMFIELD, the Repre and fairness. from 1,460 in 1972 to 440 last year. The num sentative from the 19th District in Mich Let the media deal in facts . . . both pro and ber of new bond issues slipped from 470 to igan. con ... 248 in the same period. Perhaps the real beauty of the poem And let "we the people" demand of those who Moreover, hundreds of billions of dollars is the eloquence and depth of feeling that deal in hate, to in capital are "locked in" because stock hold "Stop it!!! Stop it!!! Stop it!!! ers are reluctant to sell them and thus be are clearly represented in the presenta I dedicate this to my President, in grateful come liable for the capital gains tax. The tion, a presentation that expresses the appreciation for his efforts to bring Treasury Department believes that between views of many conscientious Americans peace to the world and a better life for $233 and $558 billion in long term invest today. At any rate, I feel that such talent all Americans. ments are thus immobilized. This, in turn, should not go unnoticed, and I hope my reduces federal revenue because investors colleagues will find the following poem would rather hold onto their securities than inspirational: face a tax that could amount to more than STOP IT!!! one-third of their profit. BIG JIM FARLEY There have been a number of suggestions (By Amy von Maur Morse) for liberalizing the capital gains tax. One has The tumult and the shouting died caught the attention of some members of An awesome silence, like the eye of a tornado, HON. JAMES M. HANLEY Congress and is being pushed by Chairman fell over the frenzied multitude. Wilbur Mills of the House Ways and Means Cartoons, suddenly alive, leered back at their OF NEW YORK Committee. It calls for a sliding scale: The creators. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES longer an investment was held, the lower the Ink from venomous pens of the press fell in tax rate would be. black blots on thirsty paper. Thursday, June 6, 1974 Mr. Mills has offered no specific figures. Comedians paled and swallowed their hate- Mr. HANLEY. Mr. Speaker, recently a The Securities Industry Association, however, fully cruel jokes. truly great American celebrated another has suggested a scale ranging from 100 per Guilty news-casters stood still in shame. cent when assets had been held for three "Stop it! Stop it! Stop it!!!' birthday. It was his 86th, and although months to 10 per cent for assets held 20 years No single body housed the words. chronology suggests this to be old, not so or more. No eyes discerned the form. in the case of this human dynamo who, S.I.A. estimat~s that for every billion dol But deep within the hearts of all, the furious, despite his four-score-plus, continues to lars in securities unlo~ked by the sliding anguished cry tore forth. "do his thing" on a day-to-day basis and, scale, the treasury would realize $260 million In mind they saw before them their single, I might add, do it well. I refer to the late in additional tax revenues. More important, bloodied prey. President Franklin D. Roosevelt's chief however, the lower tax rates would encourage They saw him being stoned; they saw him be- mentor, former Postmaster General, and investors to shift their assets, thus making ing torn to shreds money available to new industries. The sight was not a pretty sight to see! former Chairman of the Democratic Na Inflation has made the present capital "What did he do?" a bewildered child asked. tional Committee, the very lovable Jim gains tax confiscatory. It devoured 27 per And none could tell him, exactly, for sure. Farley. cent of any profit acquired over a period of Was it the language he might have used when For some years now Jim has main 10 years and nearly 50 per cent of the profit the stress was too much? tained an executive position with the earned on an investment held for 25 years. ( Oh woe is me if every word I spoke was to Cocoa-Cola Co. and will be found each Add the tax and there 1s very little left. Many be heard!) day working away in his office in New family businesses have to be sold when the Was his sin this great, to cover others wrong? York City. Along with his interests in owner dies merely to pay the capital gains (How often have I defended those I loved!) tax. Or was it a vague, gross "image" eloquently the private sector he continues to main Some self-styled reformers would do away painted by an adept media? tain a deep interest in the affairs of the with the capital gains tax entirely, and tax Painted in our hearts and burned into our great State of New York, and for that investment profits at the higher rate applied gullible, impressionable minds? matter, the affairs of our Nation. to ordinary income. This, they contend, "He brought us peace ••• he brought our Recently, an excellent editorial ap would enable government to redistribute the boys back home . . • peared in a Rochester, N.Y., newspaper, nation's wealth from the haves to the have Did we forget to thank him? Two years ago we gave him all our hearts the Times-Union. I feel that my col nots. leagues would enjoy reading it: This ls the sort of nonsense that appeals Now we've stained his name and broken his to economic illiterates. Such a tax would de heart to bits . . . BIG JIM FARLEY stroy any incentive to invest risk capital. Is this the way we show our thanks? Big Jim Farley gets bigger every year. The It would invite industrial stagnation, jeop The magazines, the press and T.V. too former top Democratic political strategist ardize our standard of living, and inevitably Day in day out for weeks then months then and postmaster general of the early Roosevelt lead toward socialism. years years, who later broke with F.D.R., is active The sliding-scale proposal for capital gains Compete to bring us all the bad as al ways and even more honored. 18230 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE June 7, 1974 "In time of difficulties," wrote the Chinese ways reflected his unswerving commitment to Mr. MAHON in commending and congrat revolutionary leader, Chairman Mao Tse rugged honesty, it is the honorable James A. ulating JOHN RooNEY on the 30th anni tung, "we must not lose sight of our achieve- Farley. versary of his election to the Congress. 1nen ts." "We meet with him today in a spirit of Pursuing that thought, in times when the warm friendship and great respect. We salute JOHN RooNEY is a most valued member air is filled with charges and countercharges him !or a lifetime of great accomplishment of the Committee on Appropriations-a of gravest character affecting those in high in the art of being honest, human and a senior member-and chairman of the stations, it's comforting to focus on con vigorous advocate of all that is good and true Appropriations Subcommittee on Justice, trasts. in American life, politics and business." Commerce and the Judiciary, three Cabi Almost regularly, it seems, the Coca. Cola. net-level departments that come before executive, who at 86 may be seen breakfast Chairman RooNEY for funding. ing at 7:30 a.m. or earlier regularly in the TRIBUTE TO HON. JOHN ROONEY JOHN RooNEY has no peer as a legisla New York City hotel where he lives a.lone, is OF NEW YORK honored by some group. And the citations tive craftsman-he is a master of legis .seem likely to be in about the same key on lative skills, resourceful in debate, a most all such occasions. HON. JOE L. EVINS effective legislator with a warm person At the most recent, arranged by officers OF TENNESSEE ality. and executives of Mccann-Erickson and of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES JOHN ROONEY is a great American-a the Coca-Cola Co. which honored Farley on traditional American in the truest and April 17 in New York City, a Thomas Jeffer Thursday, June 6, 1974 classic sense-the son of Irish immigrant son letter to John Adams was quoted: Mr. "The whole of government consists in the EVINS of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, parents who settled in Brooklyn more art of being honest." earlier today the distinguished gentle than 100 years ago. The citation continued: man from Texas (Mr. MAHON) paid We know that he has been in ill health "If ever there was a time when this Jef tribute to our colleague, the gentleman for some few weeks and we all wish for ferson principle needs to be shouted from from New York (Mr. ROONEY) who ear him the recovery of his health and much the housetops it is today. If there is among lier had announced his retirement from happiness in his richly deserved retire us a man whose public and private life al- the Congress-and I wanted to join with ment.
SENATE-Friday, June 7, 1974 The Senate met at 10 a.m. and was THE JOURNAL concurrent resolutions in which it re called to order by Hon. JAMES B. ALLEN, Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD.. Mr. President, quests the concurrence of the Senate: a Senator from the State of Alabama. H. Con. Res. 201. A concurrent resolution I ask unanimous consent that the read to reprint the brochure entitled "How Our ing of the Journal of the proceedings of Laws Are Made"; Thursday, June 6, 1974, be dispensed H. Con. Res. 445. A concurrent resolution PRAYER with. authorizing additional copies of oversight The Chaplain, the Reverend Edward The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem hearings entitled "State Postsecondary Edu L. R. Elson, D.D., offered the following pore. Without objection, it is so ordered. cation Commissions"; prayer: H. Con. Res. 454. A concurrent resolution to authorize the printing as a. House docu Eternal Father, for this quiet moment, ment "Our Flag," and to provide for addi before the pressing duties of the day COMMITTEE MEETINGS DURING tional copies; move in upon us, wilt Thou lift us above SENATE SESSION H. Con. Res. 455. A concurrent resolution the stress, the contention, and the baffle to provide for the printing as a House docu ment of these difficult days into the heal Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President, ment "Our American Government. What Is ing calm of Thy presence. Grant us the I ask unanimous consent that all com It? How Does It Work?"; and peace of those whose minds are stayed mittees may be authorized to meet dur H. Con. Res. 474. A concurrent resolution on Thee. May all who labor for the people ing the session of the Senate today. authorizing the printing of additional copies here be patient in debate, charitable in The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem of a report issued by the Committee on For judgment, and slow to anger. Give us pore. Without objection, it is so ordered. eign Affairs. wisdom and courage to uphold what is just and true. Grant us to know Thee, that we may truly love Thee, and so to MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE HOUSE BILL REFERRED love Thee, that we may freely serve Thee, The bill (H.R. 15155) making appro for the rule of righteousness in the world, A message from the House of Repre sentatives by Mr. Berry, one of its read priations for public works for water and and the honor and glory of Thy great power development, including the Corps name.Amen. ing clerks, announced that the House had passed the bill (H.R. 15155) making ap of Engineers---Civil, the Bureau of Rec propriations for public works for water lamation, the Bonneville Power Admin and power development, including the istration and other power agencies of the APPOINTMENT OF ACTING PRESI Corps of Engineers-Civil, the Bureau of Department of the Interior, the Appa DENT PRO TEMPORE Reclamation, the Bonneville Power Ad lachian regional development programs, The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk ministration and other power agencies of the Federal Power Commission, the Ten will please read a communication to the the Department of the Interior, the Ap nessee Valley Authority, the Atomic En Senate from the President pro tempore palachian regional development pro ergy Commission, and related independ (Mr. EASTLAND) . grams, the Federal Power Commission, ent agencies and commissions for the The assistant legislative clerk read the the Tennessee Valley Authority, the fiscal year ending June 30, 1975, and for following letter: Atomic Energy Commission, and related other purposes, was read twice by its title U.S. SENATE, independent agencies and commissions and referred to the Committee on Appro PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE, for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1975, priations. Washington, D.C., June 7, 1974. and for other purposes, in which it re To the Senate: Being temporarily absent from the Senate quests the concurrence of the Senate. The message also announced that the HOUSE CONCURRENT RESOLU on official duties, I appoint Hon. JAMES B. TIONS REFERRED ALLEN, a Senator from the State of Alabama, House had agreed to the concurrent res to perform the duties of the Chair during my olution (S. Con. Res. 73) authorizing the The following House concw·rent reso absence. printing of additional copies of a com lutions were referred to the Committee JAMES 0. EASTLAND, mittee print of the Senate Select Com on Rules and Administration: President pro tempore. mittee on Nutrition and Human Needs. H. Con. Res. 201. A concurrent resolution Mr. ALLEN thereupon took the chair The message further announced that to reprint the brochure entitled "How Our as Acting President pro tempore. the House had agreed to the following Laws Are Made";