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And Others TITLE on the Uses of the Computer for Content Analysis in Educational Research
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 084 281 TM 003 289 AUTHOR Hiller, Jack H.; And Others TITLE On the Uses of the Computer for Content Analysis in Educational Research. PUB DATE Feb 73 NOTE 21p.; Revised version of paper presented at national conference of Association for Computing Machinery (San Francisco, August 1969) EDRS PRICE MF-$0.65 HC-$3.29 DESCRIPTORS Audiovisual Aids; Classification; *Computer Programs; *Content Analysis; Educational Research; *Measurement Instruments; *Scoring; Social Sciences; *Structural Analysis; Technical Reports ABSTRACT Current efforts to take advantage of the special virtues of the computer as an aid in text analysis are described. Verbal constructs, category construction, and contingency analysis are discussed and illustrated. Mechanical techniques for reducing human labor when studying large quantities of verbal data have been sought at an increasing rate by researchers in the behavioral sciences. Whatever the purpose of research, if it is to have a scientific character, ti must involve an attempt to reduce natural language data, by formal rules, to measures reflecting theoretically relevant properties of the text, its source, or its audience effects. At the present time, there is no one theory or method dominating the field of natural language analysis. Although much work is currently being expended to implement a finite set of rules on the computer, little has been accomplished that is directly useful to researchers in the social sciences. (Author/CK) A. e r-4 csJ U S DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION & WELFARE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION CO THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRO oucccrExAcrLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGIN O ti NG IT POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS STATED 00 NOT NECESSARILY REPRE SENT OFFICIAL NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY LiJ On the Uses of theComputer Research' ForContent Analysis in Educational Jack H. -
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Christos Kakalis In the Orality/Aurality of the Book Inclusivity and Liturgical Language Abstract This article examines the role of language in the constitution of a common identity through its liturgical use at the Eastern Orthodox church of St Andrew’s in Edinburgh, Scotland. Open to individuals who have relocated, the parish has a rather multination- al character. It is a place of worship for populations that consider Christian Orthodox culture part of their long-established collective identity and for recent converts. Based on ethnographic research, archival work and theoretical contextualisation, the article examines the atmospheric materiality of the written text as performed by the readers, the choir and the clergy. This soundscape is an amalgam of different kinds of reading: prose, chanted prose, chanting and antiphonic, depending the part of the Liturgy being read. The language of the book is performative: the choreography and its symbolisms perform the words of the texts and vice versa. Additionally, the use of at least four languages in every service and two Eastern Orthodox chanting styles in combination with European influences expresses in the most tangible way the religious inclusivity that has been carefully cultivated in this parish. Through closer examination of literary transformation processes, I demonstrate the role of liturgical language in the creation of communal space-times that negotiate ideas of home and belonging in a new land. Keywords Role of Language, Christian Orthodox Culture, Religious Books, Transnational Religious Community, Religious Soundscapes, Atmospheric Materiality, Performance, Belonging Biography Christos Kakalis holds a PhD in architecture from the Edinburgh School of Architecture and Landscape Architecture and is a Senior Lecturer in Architecture at the School of Ar- chitecture, Planning and Landscape of Newcastle University. -
109969 TESL Vol 25-1 Text
Inscribing Identity: Insights for Teaching From ESL Students’ Journals Jenny Miller Linguistic minority students in schools must acquire and operate in a second language while negotiating mainstream texts and content areas, along with negotiating an emerging new sense of social identity. This article presents jour- nal data from an Australian ethnographic study that explored the relationship between second-language use, textual practices in school, and the representation of identity. Such texts normally lie outside dominant school discourses, but for students they are a powerful means of negotiating identity and gaining vital language practice. For teachers journals provide critical insights into the experi- ences of their students and into their developing language competence. Les élèves qui forment une minorité linguistique à l’école doivent acquérir une langue seconde et fonctionner dans cette langue en même temps qu’ils assimilent de la matière académique dans la langue dominante et se construisent une nouvelle identité sociale. Cet article présente des données de journaux personnels provenant d’une étude ethnographique en Australie portant sur le rapport entre l’usage d’une langue seconde, les pratiques textuelles à l’école et la représentation de l’identité. Ce genre de textes ne fait habituellement pas partie du discours pédagogique dominant; pourtant, ces textes représentent pour les élèves un puissant moyen de négocier leur identité et de pratiquer leurs habiletés langa- gières. Les journaux personnels fournissent aux enseignants un aperçu impor- tant des expériences de leurs élèves et du développement de leurs compétences langagières. Introduction One of the most critical realities of contemporary education in a globalized world is the growing cultural, racial, and linguistic diversity in schools and the difficulties involved in educating and empowering vast numbers of students who do not speak the majority language. -
Postscript Layout 1
26 Established 1961 Sports Monday, August 5, 2019 Hamilton denies Verstappen in thrilling Hungarian Grand Prix It was Hamilton’s record seventh win in Hungary HUNGARY: Lewis Hamilton regained the momentum in ‘I’m losing grip’ the world championship with a memorable strategic A week after his forlorn error-riddled exit from last victory yesterday when he overcame young rival Max weekend’s tumultuous German Grand Prix, won by Verstappen with three laps to go in a tense Hungarian Verstappen, Hamilton had bounced back in style. “It Grand Prix. The 34-year-old defending five-time world feels like a new win for us,” he said. “I didn’t know if I champion started third on the grid in his Mercedes and, could do it and I am sorry I doubted our strategy — it after stalking the 21-year-old Dutch tyro for most of a was brilliant.” A crestfallen Verstappen admitted: “We fascinating tactical contest swept into the lead on lap just weren’t fast enough. I tried everything I could to 67 of a stirring 70-lap contest. keep the tyres alive, but I couldn’t.” It was Hamilton’s record seventh win in Hungary, Hamilton had earned a 1,000-euro fine for his eighth this year and the 81st of his career, wreck- Mercedes for speeding in the pit lane before the start ing Red Bull’s hopes of turning Verstappen’s maiden on a hotter-than-expected afternoon with an air tem- pole position into victory, and increased his lead in the perature of 26 degrees Celsius. -
United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 5,930,754 Karaali Et Al
USOO593.0754A United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 5,930,754 Karaali et al. (45) Date of Patent: Jul. 27, 1999 54 METHOD, DEVICE AND ARTICLE OF OTHER PUBLICATIONS MANUFACTURE FOR NEURAL-NETWORK BASED ORTHOGRAPHY-PHONETICS “The Structure and Format of the DARPATIMIT CD-ROM TRANSFORMATION Prototype”, John S. Garofolo, National Institute of Stan dards and Technology. 75 Inventors: Orhan Karaali, Rolling Meadows; “Parallel Networks that Learn to Pronounce English Text' Corey Andrew Miller, Chicago, both Terrence J. Sejnowski and Charles R. Rosenberg, Complex of I11. Systems 1, 1987, pp. 145-168. 73 Assignee: Motorola, Inc., Schaumburg, Ill. Primary Examiner David R. Hudspeth ASSistant Examiner-Daniel Abebe 21 Appl. No.: 08/874,900 Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Darleen J. Stockley 22 Filed: Jun. 13, 1997 57 ABSTRACT A method (2000), device (2200) and article of manufacture (51) Int. Cl. .................................................. G10L 5/06 (2300) provide, in response to orthographic information, 52 U.S. Cl. ............... 704/259; 704/258; 704/232 efficient generation of a phonetic representation. The method 58 Field of Search ..................................... 704/259,258, provides for, in response to orthographic information, effi 704/232 cient generation of a phonetic representation, using the Steps of inputting an Orthography of a word and a predetermined 56) References Cited Set of input letter features, utilizing a neural network that has U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS been trained using automatic letter phone alignment and predetermined letter features to provide a neural network 4,829,580 5/1989 Church. 5,040.218 8/1991 Vitale et al.. hypothesis of a word pronunciation. 5,668,926 9/1997 Karaali et al. -
Download Tetra En.Pdf
TextTransformer 1.7.5 © 2002-10 Dr. Detlef Meyer-Eltz 2 TextTransformer Table of Contents Part I About this help 16 Part II Registration 18 Part III Most essential operation elements 21 Part IV Most essential syntax elements 23 Part V How to begin with a new project? 25 1 Practice................................................................................................................................... 27 Part VI Introduction 30 1 How................................................................................................................................... does the TextTransformer work? 30 2 Analysis................................................................................................................................... 30 3 Synthesis................................................................................................................................... 31 4 Regular................................................................................................................................... expressions 31 5 Syntax................................................................................................................................... tree 32 6 Productions................................................................................................................................... or non-terminal symbols 33 7 Productions................................................................................................................................... as functions 33 8 Four.................................................................................................................................. -
Hangzhou Gets Games Face On
CHINA DAILY August 2526, 2018 SPORTS 11 ASIAN GAMES Wang’s winning smile Hangzhou gets Games face on Jakarta exhibition entices with “First of all, a smart Asiad means we have to use our tech impressive preview of 2022 Asiad advantages to create a much fairer competition environ ment for the athletes. Second By SHI FUTIAN in Jakarta fans. We also have interactive ly, we have to provide a more [email protected] areas for them to experience convenient event for every our city, such as an area for one. Near the 2018 Asian Games’ tasting traditional Chinese “I heard that there was an main stadium in Jakarta, a tea. idea of introducing the ‘one unique exhibition is trans “I always ask them if they card system’. The card can be porting all those who enter to know about Hangzhou, but used as people’s ID, room card the Chinese city of Hangzhou. most of them don’t and only and even expense card. There The presentation is know Beijing and Shanghai. are many new things that are designed to give visitors a After our introduction, how even beyond my imagination sneak peek of what to expect ever, many of them expressed which could surprise us all.” when the Games visit the pic that they really want to visit Back home, Hangzhou has turesque and ancient capital the city.” been engaging the public by of Zhejiang province in four The 2022 Asiad is being pro organizing a series of cam years’ time. moted as a “green, smart, eco paigns with the theme of It’s the first time organizers nomical and ethical” event. -
Optical Character Recognition
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) ISSN: 2277-3878, Volume-2 Issue-1, March 2013 Optical Character Recognition Ravina Mithe, Supriya Indalkar, Nilam Divekar Most of the character recognition program will be Abstract— The Optical Character Recognition is a mobile recognized through the input image with a scanner or a application. It uses smart mobile phones of android platform. digital camera and computer software. There is a problem in This paper combines the functionality of Optical Character the spatial size of the computer and scanner. If you do not Recognition and speech synthesizer. The objective is to develop have a scanner and a digital camera, a hardware problem user friendly application which performs image to speech occurs. In order to overcome the limitations of computer conversion system using android phones. The OCR takes image occupying a large space, character recognition system based as the input, gets text from that image and then converts it into speech. This system can be useful in various applications like on android phone is proposed [4]. banking, legal industry, other industries, and home and office OCR is a technology that enables you to convert different automation. It mainly designed for people who are unable to types of documents such as scanned paper documents, PDF read any type of text documents. In this paper, the character files or images captured by a digital camera into editable and recognition method is presented by using OCR technology and searchable data. Images captured by a digital camera differ android phone with higher quality camera. from scanned documents or image. -
Experimenting with Analogy for Lyrics Transformation
WeirdAnalogyMatic: Experimenting with Analogy for Lyrics Transformation Hugo Gonc¸alo Oliveira CISUC, Department of Informatics Engineering University of Coimbra, Portugal [email protected] Abstract Our main goal is thus to explore to what extent we can rely on word embeddings for transforming the semantics This paper is on the transformation of text relying mostly on of a poem, in such a way that its theme shifts according a common analogy vector operation, computed in a distribu- to the seed, while text remains syntactically and semanti- tional model, i.e., static word embeddings. Given a theme, cally coherent. Transforming text, rather than generating it original song lyrics have their words replaced by new ones, related to the new theme as the original words are to the orig- from scratch, should help to maintain the latter. For this, we inal theme. As this is not enough for producing good lyrics, make a rough approximation that the song title summarises towards more coherent and singable text, constraints are grad- its theme and every word in the lyrics is related to this theme. ually applied to the replacements. Human opinions confirmed Relying on this assumption and recalling how analogies can that more balanced lyrics are obtained when there is a one-to- be computed, shifting the theme is a matter of computing one mapping between original words and their replacement; analogies of the kind ‘what is to the new theme as the origi- only content words are replaced; and the replacement has the nal title is to a word used?’. same part-of-speech and rhythm as the original word. -
Antithesis: the Dialectics of Software
******************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** ********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************ANTITHESIS: THE DIALECTICS OF SOFTWARE ART ART OF SOFTWARE ANTITHESIS: THE DIALECTICS ********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************argues that software art praxis can offer ********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************new critical forms of -
Text to Speech Conversion in Punjabi-A Review
I J C T A, 9(41), 2016, pp. 373-379 ISSN: 0974-5572 © International Science Press Text to Speech Conversion in Punjabi-A Review Priya* and Amandeep Kaur Gahier** ABSTRACT Speech is the essential method for communication between individuals. Speech is regularly dependent upon natural speech’s concatenation i.e. units which are obtained from a sentence or word. The synthesis of concatenative speech has turned out to be exceptionally well known in these years because of its enhanced affectability to unit context over easier predecessors. Speech synthesis has been worked on for quite a few years from now. Latest progress in speech synthesis has delivered synthesizers having very high comprehensibility.In the process of speech synthesis, the accurateness of information extraction is pivotal in creatingsynthesized speech having very high quality. Speech synthesis incorporates the algorithmic changeof text data which is input to waveforms of speech. The characterization of Speech Synthesizers is done by thetechnique utilized for synthesis, encoding and storage of the speech. The method of synthesis is controlled by the size of vocabulary as every single conceivable utterances of the language which should bemodelled. It is a properly confirmedstatement that TTS (text-to- speech) synthesizersintended for utilization in a confined domain dependably perform superiorto their counterparts which are of general purpose. The outline of such universally useful synthesizers iscomplex by the concept that the sound output requires to be very near to natural speech. In this paper, I have presented a survey on the various techniques of text to speech synthesis system. Keywords: text to speech, NLP, TTS, ASR 1. -
Oral Tradition 12.2
_____________________________________________________________ Volume 12 October 1997 Number 2 _____________________________________________________________ Editor Editorial Assistants John Miles Foley Michael Barnes Anastasios Daskalopoulos Scott Garner Lori Peterson Marjorie Rubright Aaron Tate Slavica Publishers, Inc. For a complete catalog of books from Slavica, with prices and ordering information, write to: Slavica Publishers, Inc. Indiana University 2611 E. 10th St. Bloomington, IN 47408-2603 ISSN: 0883-5365 Each contribution copyright (c) 1997 by its author. All rights reserved. The editor and the publisher assume no responsibility for statements of fact or opinion by the authors. Oral Tradition seeks to provide a comparative and interdisciplinary focus for studies in oral literature and related fields by publishing research and scholarship on the creation, transmission, and interpretation of all forms of oral traditional expression. As well as essays treating certifiably oral traditions, OT presents investigations of the relationships between oral and written traditions, as well as brief accounts of important fieldwork, a Symposium section (in which scholars may reply at some length to prior essays), review articles, occasional transcriptions and translations of oral texts, a digest of work in progress, and a regular column for notices of conferences and other matters of interest. In addition, occasional issues will include an ongoing annotated bibliography of relevant research and the annual Albert Lord and Milman Parry Lectures on Oral Tradition. OT welcomes contributions on all oral literatures, on all literatures directly influenced by oral traditions, and on non-literary oral traditions. Submissions must follow the list-of reference format (style sheet available on request) and must be accompanied by a stamped, self-addressed envelope for return or for mailing of proofs; all quotations of primary materials must be made in the original language(s) with following English translations.