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Magisterarbeit View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by OTHES MAGISTERARBEIT Titel der Magisterarbeit „Hunter Stockton Thompson“ Chronist des Amerikanischen Traums Verfasser Michael Schröder Bakk. phil. angestrebter akademischer Grad Magister der Philosophie (Mag. phil.) Wien, 2009 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt: A 066/841 Studienrichtung lt. Studienblatt: Publizistik- und Kommunikationswissenschaft Betreuerin / Betreuer: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Duchkowitsch 1 2 ABSTRACT Hunter S. Thompson war in den USA einer der bekanntesten zeitgenössischen Journalisten und Schriftsteller. Nach seinem Tod im Jahr 2005 hat er es auch in Europa zu einem mittleren Bekanntheitsgrad gebracht. Inzwischen gibt es einige seiner wichtigsten Bücher und Artikel in deutscher Übersetzung zu kaufen. Die vorliegende Arbeit hat es sich zur Aufgabe gemacht, mehr über den einzigen Gonzo-Journalisten herauszufinden. Dabei reicht der Blick weiter als nur zu seinem von Alkohol und Drogen geprägten öffentlichen Image. Zu diesem Zweck wird Thompsons Leben von Kindheit an beleuchtet und zu den geschichtlichen und gesellschaftlichen Rahmenbedingungen in Kontrast gesetzt. Dieselbe Vorgehensweise wird auch bei der Untersuchung von Thompsons Werk angewandt, um abschließend die so gewonnenen Ergebnisse in ein ganzheitliches Bild der journalistischen und privaten Person Hunter S. Thompson zusammensetzen zu können. Als Leitfaden dient das Modell kommunikationswissenschaftlicher biographischer Forschung , welches sich seinerseits an der neuen sozialwissenschaftlichen Biographie orientiert. 3 4 INHALTSVERZEICHNIS 1. VORWORT...........................................................................................................................7 2. EINLEITUNG........................................................................................................................9 3. BIOGRAPHIEFORSCHUNG..............................................................................................11 3.1 GESCHICHTE UND KRITIK ................................................................................................11 3.2 DIE NEUE BIOGRAPHIEFORSCHUNG .................................................................................12 3.3 DAS WERK IN DER BIOGRAPHIEFORSCHUNG ....................................................................13 3.4 ZUSAMMENFASSUNG .......................................................................................................13 4. LEBENSLAUF ...................................................................................................................15 5. SOZIALISATION................................................................................................................29 5.1 DER SOZIALISATIONSBEGRIFF .........................................................................................29 5.2 AUFWACHSEN IN LOUISVILLE , KENTUCKY .........................................................................30 5.2.1 Der Tod des Vaters...............................................................................................33 5.2.2 Jugendkriminalität und Gefängnis ........................................................................35 5.3 MEDIENSOZIALISATION ....................................................................................................39 5.3.1 Lost Generation ....................................................................................................39 5.3.2 Athenaeum Literary Association...........................................................................41 5.4 PSYCHISCHE ENTWICKLUNG .................................................................................................... 46 6. BERUFLICHER WERDEGANG UND INDIVIDUATION ...................................................50 6.1 US AIR FORCE ...............................................................................................................50 6.1.1 Zivilist auf Arbeitssuche ........................................................................................52 6.1.2 Die Beatgeneration ...............................................................................................53 6.1.3 Prince Jellyfish......................................................................................................54 6.2 DER BEGINN SEINER KARRIERE .......................................................................................56 6.2.1 John F. Kennedy...................................................................................................57 6.2.2 National Observer.................................................................................................58 6.2.3 Geschichten aus Südamerika...............................................................................59 6.3 FEAR AND LOATHING IN AMERIKA ....................................................................................65 6.3.1 Studentenproteste ................................................................................................66 6.3.2 Hell´s Angels.........................................................................................................71 6.3.3 Der Vietnamkrieg und seine Gegner ....................................................................76 6.3.4 Democratic National Convention 1968 und Freak Power in den Rockies............78 5 6.4 DIE ENTSTEHUNG DES GONZO -JOURNALISM .................................................................... 81 6.4.1 Rolling Stone Magazin ......................................................................................... 84 6.4.2 Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas .......................................................................... 87 6.4.3 Richard M. Nixon.................................................................................................. 97 6.4.4 Fear and Loathing ´72.......................................................................................... 99 6.4.5 Watergate........................................................................................................... 102 6.5 DER ABSTIEG EINES STARS .......................................................................................... 103 6.5.1 Zu groß für den Journalismus ............................................................................ 105 6.5.2 Das Ende als Retrospektive............................................................................... 108 7. HUNTER S. THOMPSON ALS OBJEKT UND SUBJEKT DER KOMMUNIKATIONSWISSENSCHAFT .......................................................................................112 7.1 ZUR PERSON HST ...................................................................................................................112 7.2 THOMPSON UND DIE THEORIEN DER JOURNALISMUSFORSCHUNG .................................... 113 7.2.1 Das Systemkonzept ........................................................................................... 114 7.2.2 Der radikale Konstruktivismus und spätere Theorienpluralismus...................... 117 7.3 DER NEW JOURNALISM ................................................................................................. 122 7.3.1 Die Vorläufer ...................................................................................................... 122 7.3.2 Die Wiedergeburt alter Werte............................................................................. 124 7.3.3 Der New Journalism der 1960er Jahre .............................................................. 125 7.3.4 Die Reportage als Ausdrucksform des New Journalism.................................... 126 7.3.5 Die Entstehung der Reportage........................................................................... 127 7.3.6 Das Selbstverständnis des New Journalismus .................................................. 128 7.4 DER GONZO -JOURNALISM ............................................................................................ 131 7.4.1 Gonzo-Journalism ein Hybrid aus Journalismus, Literatur und Partizipation .... 131 7.4.2 Gonzo und die Literatur...................................................................................... 133 7.4.3 Gonzo und der Journalismus ............................................................................. 136 7.4.4 Gonzo zwischen Fakt und Fiktion ...................................................................... 136 7.4.5 Gonzo zwischen Objektivität und Subjektivität .................................................. 140 7.4.6 Einflussnahme durch Gestaltung ....................................................................... 142 7.4.7 Varianten der Übereinstimmung ........................................................................ 144 7.4.8 Thompson und die Qualität im Journalismus..................................................... 146 8. RESUMÉE ....................................................................................................................... 148 9. AUSBLICK....................................................................................................................... 151 10. LITERATURVERZEICHNIS .......................................................................................... 152 6 1. VORWORT Zum ersten Mal gehört habe ich von Hunter S. Thompson als 1998 der Film Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas in die Kinos kam. Allerdings waren mir zu diesem Zeitpunkt der Umfang seines Werkes und die spezielle Aufbereitung seiner Themen noch nicht bewusst. Erst im Laufe meines Studiums erlangte ich das nötige Wissen, um die ganze Tragweite
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