DOCSLIB.ORG

UZBEKISTAN Quality Job Creation As a Cornerstone for Sustainable Economic Growth COUNTRY Diagnostic Study Kym Anderson, Edimon Ginting, and Kiyoshi Taniguchi

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
UZBEKISTAN Quality Job Creation As a Cornerstone for Sustainable Economic Growth COUNTRY Diagnostic Study Kym Anderson, Edimon Ginting, and Kiyoshi Taniguchi UZBEKISTAN QualitY JOB CReation as A CORNERSTONE FOR SUSTAINABLE EconoMIC GROWTH COUNTRY DIAGNOSTIC STUDY Kym Anderson, Edimon Ginting, and Kiyoshi Taniguchi MAY 2020 ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK UZBEKISTAN QualitY JOB CReation as A CORNERSTONE FOR SUSTAINABLE EconoMIC GROWTH COUNTRY DIAGNOSTIC STUDY Kym Anderson, Edimon Ginting, and Kiyoshi Taniguchi MAY 2020 ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) © 2020 Asian Development Bank 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City, 1550 Metro Manila, Philippines Tel +63 2 8632 4444; Fax +63 2 8636 2444 www.adb.org Some rights reserved. Published in 2020. ISBN 978-92-9262-194-0 (print); 978-92-9262-195-7 (electronic); 978-92-9262-196-4 (ebook) Publication Stock No. TCS200134-2 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/TCS200134-2 The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) or its Board of Governors or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by ADB in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. By making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area, or by using the term “country” in this document, ADB does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/. By using the content of this publication, you agree to be bound by the terms of this license. For attribution, translations, adaptations, and permissions, please read the provisions and terms of use at https://www.adb.org/terms-use #openaccess. This CC license does not apply to non-ADB copyright materials in this publication. If the material is attributed to another source, please contact the copyright owner or publisher of that source for permission to reproduce it. ADB cannot be held liable for any claims that arise as a result of your use of the material. Please contact [email protected] if you have questions or comments with respect to content, or if you wish to obtain copyright permission for your intended use that does not fall within these terms, or for permission to use the ADB logo. Corrigenda to ADB publications may be found at http://www.adb.org/publications/corrigenda. Notes: In this publication, “$” refers to United States dollars. ADB recognizes “Kyrgyzstan” as the Kyrgyz Republic, “China” as the People’s Republic of China, “Korea” and “South Korea” as the Republic of Korea, and “Russia” as the Russian Federation. On the cover: From the top: Daily life, architecture and views of Bukhara, 2016 (Relisa Granovskaya); Daily life, architecture and views of Samarkand, 2016 (Relisa Granovskaya); Construction site on the Talimarjan Power Plant, 2016 (Nikita Makarenko); Daily life, architecture and views of Tashkent, 2016 (Relisa Granovskaya); New turbine installed on Talimarjan Power Plant, 2016. (Relisa Granovskaya); A high-speed train “Afrosiyob” is arriving to Samarkand railway station, 2016 (Relisa Granovskaya). iii Contents Tables, Figures, and Boxes v Preface x Acknowledgments xii Author Profiles xiv Abbreviations xix Weights and Measures xx Executive Summary xxi 1. Macroeconomic Performance, Opportunities, and Challenges 1 1.1. Recent Reforms 2 1.2. Economic Growth and Inflation 5 1.3. Fiscal Policy and Reform 8 1.4. External Sector 11 1.5. Job Creation 18 1.6. Inclusion and Sustainability 20 1.7. Key Messages and Policy Recommendations 22 References 26 2. Infrastructure as a Foundation for Job Creation 29 2.1 Assessment of the Transport and Logistics Sectors 31 2.2 Assessment of the Energy Sector 47 2.3 Policy Recommendations 71 References 77 3. Unlocking the Potential for Labor Productivity Growth 83 3.1. Demographic Dynamics 84 3.2. Economic Structure and Drivers of Economic Growth 85 3.3. Education and Skill Development 88 3.4. Employment Structure and Job Quality 105 3.5. Labor Migration and Remittances 117 3.6. Policy Recommendations 123 References 129 iv Contents 4. Private Sector Development and Access to Finance 136 4.1. Private Sector Development for Economic Diversification 137 4.2. Financial Sector Development: Trends and Challenges 150 4.3. Financial Inclusion for Future Growth 158 4.4. Government Efforts Toward Inclusive 168 and Private Sector-led Growth 4.5. Policy Implications for Accelerating Inclusive 172 Economic Growth 4.6. Conclusion 174 References 176 5. Trade and Foreign Direct Investment in Uzbekistan 178 5.1. Uzbekistan’s Trade and International Economic 180 Cooperation: An Overview 5.2. The Evolution of Trade and Foreign Direct Investment 182 in Uzbekistan: Stylized Facts 5.3. Why Does Uzbekistan Need to Liberalize Its 187 Trade and Foreign Direct Investment? 5.4. Potential Gains from Trade and Foreign Direct Investment 193 5.5. Firm Size Distribution Analysis 197 5.6. Gravity Model of Exports 199 5.7. Policy Recommendations for Trade and Foreign 203 Direct Investment Liberalization in Uzbekistan 203 Appendix 5.1: Uzbekistan’s Trading Partners 206 References 207 v Tables, Figures, and Boxes Tables 1.1 Ease of Doing Business Rankings, Uzbekistan, 2016 and 2018 4 1.2 External Indicators, Uzbekistan, 2005–2018 16 1.3 Ranking of Barriers to Creating Employment, Uzbekistan Enterprise 19 Survey, 2017 1.4 Poverty and Inequality Indicators, Uzbekistan, 20 2001, 2007, 2010, 2013, 2016-2018 1.5 Poverty Incidence by Region, Uzbekistan, 2012 20 2.1 Road Transport Indicators, Uzbekistan, 2004 to Latest Data 31 2.2 Rail Transport Indicators, Uzbekistan, 2011–2018 37 2.3 Transport Corridors for Foreign-Traded Goods, Uzbekistan 40 2.4 Indicators of Cost of Trading Across Borders, Selected Countries, 43 2018 2.5 Logistics Performance Index Rank, Selected Countries, 2018 45 2.6 Energy Reserves, Uzbekistan, 2017 48 2.7 Supply and Consumption of Gas, by Sector, Uzbekistan, 2018 50 2.8 Enterprise Survey Results, Uzbekistan, 2013 59 2.9 Electricity Supply Projection, Uzbekistan, 2015–2020 61 2.10 Uzbekistan’s Power Generation, 1991, 2016, 2017, 61 and Projections 2017–2050 2.11 Generating Capacity of Hydropower Plants, Actual and Targeted, 62 Uzbekistan, 2017–2025 2.12 Generation Expansion Plan, by Source, Uzbekistan, 2018–2030 62 2.13 Efficienciesf o Thermal Power Plants, Uzbekistan, 2013 64 2.14 Length of Transmission and Distribution Infrastructure, 65 Uzbekistan, 2017 2.15 Required Investment for Hydropower Plants, Uzbekistan 67 2.16 Tariff ates,R Uzbekistan, 2001–2018 69 2.17 Uzbekenergo’s Projected Financial Performance, 2017–2026 70 3.1 Education System, Uzbekistan, 2018 89 3.2 Top Universities Based on UniRank, Uzbekistan, 2019 101 3.3 Webometrics Ranking of Universities in Uzbekistan, 2019 101 3.4 Factors Affecting Labor Force Participation, Aged 25–55, 2013 110 3.5 Occupational and Sectoral Distribution by Gender, Aged 25–55, 112 Uzbekistan, 2013 vi Tables, Figures, and Boxes 3.6 Formal and Informal Employment, Uzbekistan, 2016 113 3.7 Profile of a Typical Migrant, Uzbekistan, 2013 117 3.8 Positive and Negative Outcomes of Migration 122 4.1 Number of Enterprises, Employment, and Gross Value Added, 139 Uzbekistan, 2003–2017 4.2 Priority Areas Under the 2017 National Development Strategy, 168 Uzbekistan 4.3 Tax on Business Income, Uzbekistan, 2017 169 5.1 Trade and Economic Organization Memberships, Uzbekistan 181 5.2 Average Import Tariffs, by Product, Uzbekistan, 2014 189 5.3 Decline in Global Applied Most-Favored Nation Tariffs, 190 1998–2014 5.4 Logistics Performance Index and Infrastructure Index Scores, 193 Uzbekistan and Comparators 5.5 Estimates of Gravity Model for Uzbekistan 202 Figures 1.1 Uzbekistan’s Exchange Rate, 2013–2019 3 1.2 Real GDP Growth, Uzbekistan, 1993–2018 5 1.3 GDP per Capita, 1993–2018 6 1.4 GDP by Economic Activity, Uzbekistan, 1993–2018 6 1.5 CPI and Food Inflation Rates, Uzbekistan, 2000–2018 7 1.6 Total Fiscal Revenue and Expenditure (Budget), Uzbekistan, 10 2013–2018 1.7 Tax and Expenditure Items (Budget), Uzbekistan, 2013–2018 10 1.8 Value of Exports, Uzbekistan, 1995–2018 12 1.9 Sectoral Export Shares, Uzbekistan, 1995–2018 12 1.10 Exports by Level of Technology, Uzbekistan, 1995–2018 13 1.11 Product Space of Exports, Uzbekistan, 14 1995, 2005, and 2017 1.12 Economic Complexity and GDP per Capita, Various Countries, 15 2017 1.13 Economic Complexity Index Values, Uzbekistan 16 and Other Resource-Rich Countries, 1995–2017 1.14 Official Reserves, Uzbekistan, January 2013–December 2018 17 1.15 Age Dependency Ratio, Uzbekistan, 1990-2018 18 1.16 Selected Banking Indicators, Uzbekistan, 2006–2018 23 2.1 Road Traffic Deaths, Uzbekistan, 2000–2016 32 2.2 Road Fund Revenues, Uzbekistan, 2011–2018 33 2.3 Development of Republican Road Fund Expenditures, 34 Uzbekistan, 2011–2017 Tables, Figures, and Boxes vii 2.4 Railway Lines, Uzbekistan, 2005–2018 36 2.5 Energy Intensity, Selected Countries, 2014 47 2.6 Total Primary Energy Supply, Uzbekistan, 1990–2018 49 2.7a Final Energy Consumption, by Source, 1990–2018 50 2.7b Final Energy Consumption, by Consuming Sector, 1990–2018 51 2.8 Electricity Generation, by Source, Uzbekistan, 1990–2018 55 2.9 Electricity Balance Trade, Uzbekistan, 1990 to 2018 55 2.10 Electricity Consumption, by Sector, Uzbekistan,1990–2018 56 2.11 Electricity
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Tournament Breakdown by Surface Champion Ranking Points By
    TOURNAMENT BREAKDOWN BY SURFACE HAR 37 CLAY 13 GRASS 5 0 10 20 30 40 CHAMPION RANKING POINTS BY TOURNAMENT 2000 1500 1000 500 2000 1500 1000 900 750 470 280 0 PREMIER PREMIER TA FINALS TA GRAN SLAM INTERNATIONAL PREMIER MANATORY TA ELITE TROPHY HUHAI TROPHY ELITE TA 55 WTA TOURNAMENTS BY REGION BY COUNTRY 8 CHINA 2 SPAIN 1 MOROCCO UNITED STATES 2 SWITZERLAND 7 OF AMERICA 1 NETHERLANDS 3 AUSTRALIA 1 AUSTRIA 1 NEW ZEALAND 3 GREAT BRITAIN 1 COLOMBIA 1 QATAR 3 RUSSIA 1 CZECH REPUBLIC 1 ROMANIA 2 CANADA 1 FRANCE 1 THAILAND 2 GERMANY 1 HONG KONG 1 TURKEY UNITED ARAB 2 ITALY 1 HUNGARY 1 EMIRATES 2 JAPAN 1 SOUTH KOREA 1 UZBEKISTAN 2 MEXICO 1 LUXEMBOURG TOURNAMENTS TOURNAMENTS International Tennis Federation As the world governing body of tennis, the Davis Cup by BNP Paribas and women’s Fed Cup by International Tennis Federation (ITF) is responsible for BNP Paribas are the largest annual international team every level of the sport including the regulation of competitions in sport and most prized in the ITF’s rules and the future development of the game. Based event portfolio. Both have a rich history and have in London, the ITF currently has 210 member nations consistently attracted the best players from each and six regional associations, which administer the passing generation. Further information is available at game in their respective areas, in close consultation www.daviscup.com and www.fedcup.com. with the ITF. The Olympic and Paralympic Tennis Events are also an The ITF is committed to promoting tennis around the important part of the ITF’s responsibilities, with the world and encouraging as many people as possible to 2020 events being held in Tokyo.
    [Show full text]
  • The Persecution of Human Rights Defenders in Uzbekistan in the Aftermath of Andijan
    HONORARY CHAIRMAN ADVISORY BOARD (CHAIR) PRESIDENT Yuri Orlov Karl von Schwarzenberg Ulrich Fischer EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE VICE PRESIDENT Aaron Rhodes Holly Cartner Srdjan Dizdarević Bjørn Engesland DEPUTY EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR Vasilika Hysi TREASURER Brigitte Dufour Krassimir Kanev Stein-Ivar Aarsæther Ferenc Köszeg Wickenburggasse 14/7, A-1080 Vienna, Austria; Tel +43-1-408 88 22; Fax 408 88 22-50 e-mail: [email protected] – internet: http://www.ihf-hr.org Bank account: Bank Austria Creditanstalt 0221-00283/00, BLZ 12 000 “One Can’t Keep Silent” The Persecution of Human Rights Defenders in Uzbekistan in the Aftermath of Andijan International Helsinki Federation for Human Rights (IHF) 14 July 2005 The IHF has consultative status with the United Nations and the Council of Europe. MEMBER AND COOPERATING* COMMITTEES IN: Albania–Armenia*-Austria–Azerbaijan-Belarus–Bosnia-Herzegovina–Bulgaria–Canada–Croatia–Czech Republic–Denmark–Finland–France–Georgia* Germany – Greece – Hungary – Italy – Kazakhstan – Kosovo – Kyrgyzstan – Latvia – Lithuania – Macedonia – Moldova – Montenegro – Netherlands Norway – Poland – Romania – Russia – Serbia – Slovakia – Slovenia – Sweden – Switzerland – Ukraine* – United Kingdom – United States – Uzbekistan* COOPERATING ORGANIZATIONS: The European Roma Rights Center – Human Rights Without Frontiers – Mental Disabilities Advocacy Center The International Helsinki Federation for Human Rights (IHF) is a non-governmental organization that seeks to promote compliance with the human rights provisions of the Helsinki Final Act and its follow-up documents. In addition to supporting and providing liaison among 44 Helsinki committees and cooperating organizations, the IHF has direct links with human rights activists in countries where no Helsinki committees exist. It has consultative status with the United Nations and the Council of Europe.
    [Show full text]
  • The Silk Roads: an ICOMOS Thematic Study
    The Silk Roads: an ICOMOS Thematic Study by Tim Williams on behalf of ICOMOS 2014 The Silk Roads An ICOMOS Thematic Study by Tim Williams on behalf of ICOMOS 2014 International Council of Monuments and Sites 11 rue du Séminaire de Conflans 94220 Charenton-le-Pont FRANCE ISBN 978-2-918086-12-3 © ICOMOS All rights reserved Contents STATES PARTIES COVERED BY THIS STUDY ......................................................................... X ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................................... XI 1 CONTEXT FOR THIS THEMATIC STUDY ........................................................................ 1 1.1 The purpose of the study ......................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Background to this study ......................................................................................................... 2 1.2.1 Global Strategy ................................................................................................................................ 2 1.2.2 Cultural routes ................................................................................................................................. 2 1.2.3 Serial transnational World Heritage nominations of the Silk Roads .................................................. 3 1.2.4 Ittingen expert meeting 2010 ........................................................................................................... 3 2 THE SILK ROADS: BACKGROUND, DEFINITIONS
    [Show full text]
  • Syllabus（PDF）
    Asian Open Dance Tour 2016 Presented by the Asian Dance Council President/ Isao Nakagawa Vice-President/Henry Ooi, David Lee, Soenarko Josodihardjo, Hyo Doo Park, Zhang Xiang Guo Syllabus Date/ February 21, 2016 Tokyo, JAPAN Total Prize Money USD130,600. Event/ 2016 Asian Open Dance Championships in Tokyo, Japan Pro Open B&L/ Organizer/Japan Dance Council/ Junichiro Kusunoki 1st$12,500. / 2nd$9,500. / 3rd$6,500. / E-mail/ [email protected] 4th$3,500. / 5th$2,500. / 6th$1,500. / Venue/ Nippon Budokan 7th- 12th$1,000. Address/ 2-3 Kitanomaru-kouen,Chiyoda-ku,Tokyo102-8321 Pro Closed B&L/ 1st$1,800./ Official Hotel/ Tokyo Prince Hotel 2nd$1,400./ 3rd$1,000./4th $700. / Address/ 3-3-1,Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8560 5th $500. / 6th $400. /7th -12th $200. TEL/ +81 3 3432 1111 FAX/ +81 3 3434 5551 Ama Open B&L/ 1st$4,000./ 2nd$3,000./3rd$2,000./4th$1,800./ 5th$1,500./6th$1,000./7th-12th$500. Date/ February 28, 2016 Taipei ,TAIWAN Total Prize Money USD102,400. Event/ 2016 Asian Dance Tour Taipei Open Pro Open B&L/ 1st$10,000./ Organizer/ Taiwan International Sport Dance Development 2nd$8,000./3rd $ 6,500./ 4th $5,000./ Association/Sammy Liu & Jane Liu 5th$ 4,000./ 6th$3,000./ 7th -12th$ 1200. E-mail/[email protected]/ [email protected] Pro Closed B&L/1st $1,000. Tel / +886 28773-2658 Fax/+886 28773-1169. /2nd$650./ 3rd$450./4th-6th $250. Mobile/ +886 938-186-788 (Jane Liu) Ama Open B&L/1st $1800./ Venue/ Taipei Arena 2nd$1300./ 3rd $800./ 4th- 6th $250.
    [Show full text]
  • CAPSTONE 20-1 SWA Field Study Trip Book Part II
    CAPSTONE 20-1 SWA Field Study Trip Book Part II Subject Page Afghanistan ................................................................ CIA Summary ......................................................... 2 CIA World Fact Book .............................................. 3 BBC Country Profile ............................................... 24 Culture Gram .......................................................... 30 Kazakhstan ................................................................ CIA Summary ......................................................... 39 CIA World Fact Book .............................................. 40 BBC Country Profile ............................................... 58 Culture Gram .......................................................... 62 Uzbekistan ................................................................. CIA Summary ......................................................... 67 CIA World Fact Book .............................................. 68 BBC Country Profile ............................................... 86 Culture Gram .......................................................... 89 Tajikistan .................................................................... CIA World Fact Book .............................................. 99 BBC Country Profile ............................................... 117 Culture Gram .......................................................... 121 AFGHANISTAN GOVERNMENT ECONOMY Chief of State Economic Overview President of the Islamic Republic of recovering
    [Show full text]
  • Uzbekistan Atlas Map Population and Geographic Data Section As of July 2005 Division of Operational Support Email : [email protected] R O W
    PGDS in DOS Uzbekistan Atlas Map Population and Geographic Data Section As of July 2005 Division of Operational Support Email : [email protected] R O W . C L 3 A _ s a ) )))))))) )))))))) l ))) Novokazalinsk t A ) )))))))) )))))))) _ ))) n a t s i ) )))))))) )))))))) k ! !!!!!!!! !!!!!!!! ))) Tyuratam e ! ! ! b z U ))))))))))))))))) Dzhusaly Aral Sea ))))))))))))))))) Kzyl-Orda KAZAKHSTANKAZAKHSTANKAZAKHSTANKAZAKHSTANKAZAKHSTANKAZAKHSTANKAZAKHSTANKAZAKHSTANKAZAKHSTANKAZAKHSTANKAZAKHSTANKAZAKHSTANKAZAKHSTANKAZAKHSTAN ))))))))))))))))) Chili ))))))))))))))))) Yanykurgan ) )))))))) )))))))) ))) Muynak ))))))))))))))))) Chulakkurgan ))))))))))))))))) Kentau ))))))))))))))))) Turkestan ))))))))))))))))) Karatau ))))))))))))))))) Kungrad ))))))))))))))))) Chimbay ) )))))))) )))))))) ))))))))))))))))) Zhambyl ))) Lugovoye ))))))))))))))))) Merke ) )))))))) )))))))) ))) Bugun ))))))))))))))))) Pokrovka ) )))))))) )))))))) ))))))))))))))))) Karabulak ))))))))))))))))) Burnoye))) Groznoye Nukus ) )))))))) )))))))) ) )))))))) )))))))) ))) ))) ))))))))))))))))) Talas ) )))))))) )))))))) ))))))))))))))))) Leninpol ))) ))))))))))))))))) ))))))))))))))))) Arys Kunya-Urgench ))))))))))))))))) Khodzhelyli ) )))))))) )))))))) ))) Shymkent ))))))))))))))))) Lenger Kalinin ))))))))))))))))) ))))))))))))))))) Mangit Il Yaly ))))))))))))))))) UZBEKISTAN ) )))))))) )))))))) UZBEKISTANUZBEKISTANUZBEKISTANUZBEKISTANUZBEKISTANUZBEKISTANUZBEKISTANUZBEKISTANUZBEKISTANUZBEKISTANUZBEKISTANUZBEKISTANUZBEKISTANUZBEKISTAN ) ) ) UZBEKISTAN ) ) ) UZBEKISTAN ) )) UZBEKISTAN
    [Show full text]
  • History of Archeological Discoveries Related to the First Urban Culture of the Fergana Valley
    CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HISTORY 2(6): 72-75, June 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/history-crjh-02-06-16 ISSN 2767-472X ©2021 Master Journals Accepted 25th June, 2021 & Published 30thJune, 2021 HISTORY OF ARCHEOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES RELATED TO THE FIRST URBAN CULTURE OF THE FERGANA VALLEY Abdumuxtor Abduxalimovich Khakimov Ph.D, Senior Lecturer Of The Department Of History Of Uzbekistan, Andijan State University Ubaydullo Ibrokhimjon Ogli Komilov 1st-Year Master Degree Of The Department Of History Of Uzbekistan, Andijan State University ABSTRACT The article describes the emergence and development stages of the first cities in the Fergana Valley. Also, the history of archeological discoveries related to the first urban culture of the Fergana Valley is analyzed, taking into account that the scientific study and analysis of these issues can be carried out only due to archaeological research. KEYWORDS: - Central Asia, Fergana Valley, Southern Turkmenistan, Pamir-Alay, Pamir-Fergana, Chust culture, Khasan, Dalvarzin, Ashkaltepa, Khojambog, Eilaton, Markhamat. the last century and 1933-1934 B.A. Latin INTRODUCTION distinguished four stages of the material culture of the Fergana Valley [1.134-141]. The emergence and stages of development of the first cities in the Fergana Valley, the problems of During archeological excavations during the history and culture of the first cities are construction of the Greater Fergana Canal in important issues in the history of the 1939, TG Oboldueva identified Bronze Age Motherland. Given that the scientific study and artifacts (fragments of pottery, stoneware, analysis of these issues can be carried out only bronze knives) and compared them with objects due to archaeological research, we found it of material culture in Turkmenistan (Nov I) [2.7- necessary to briefly dwell on the history of 10].
    [Show full text]
  • Olympic Culture in Soviet Uzbekistan 1951-1991: International Prestige and Local Heroes
    Olympic Culture in Soviet Uzbekistan 1951-1991: International Prestige and Local Heroes Sevket Akyildiz Introduction Uzbekistan was officially established in 1924 by the victorious Bolsheviks as part of a larger union-wide „Soviet people‟ building project. To legitimate and consolidate Moscow‟s rule the southern, largely Muslim, Asian territories (including Uzbekistan) were reorganized under the national delimitation processes of the 1920s and 1930s. Establishing the Soviet republics from the territory formerly known as Turkestan was based upon language, economics, history, culture and ethnicity. Soviet identity building was a dual process fostering state-civic institutions and identity and local national (ethnic) republic identity and interests. The creation of the national republics was part of the Soviet policy of multiculturalism best described a mixed-salad model (and is similar to the British multicultural society model). (Soviet ethnographers termed ethnicity as nationality.) Uzbekistan is situated within Central Asia, a region that the Russians term “Middle Asia and Kazakhstan” – some Western authors also term it “Inner Asia”. Uzbekistan stretches south-east from the Aral Sea towards the Pamir Mountains, and shares borders with Afghanistan (137km), Kazakhstan (2,203km), Kyrgyzstan (1,099km), Tajikistan (1,161km), and Turkmenistan (1,161km). The climate is continental, with hot summers and cold winters. The Uzbeks are a Turkic-speaking people largely Turkic (and Mongol) by descent - and predominately Sunni (Hanafi) Muslim by religious practice. Between 1917 and 1985 the population of Uzbekistan rose from approximately 5 million to 18 million people. However, Uzbekistan was a Soviet multicultural society, and during the Soviet period it contained more than 1.5 million Russian settlers and also included Karakalpaks, Kazakhs, Tajik, Tatars, and several of Stalin‟s deported peoples.
    [Show full text]
  • Overtures to Chinese Highlight Nikita Talk
    T 7 U 1 8 0 A T , '■m S t ^bwinard’s ^IfoUHOw. 7 / f V ^ H ld S S will meet tomorrow a t 8 :0 Stndentfi Speak U. MursilRr ^ at tha home of Mrs. John CC Schools and eoM with ___ ___ . t v : nril, 160 ^ p o l S t The R«v. Jd To Toastmasters iwow a* nlghh ’I ^ II c t the Tbner of the Hartford Chanter, 20s. WlU 1M Lasalettea Fathers Burma Mls- Chew ’N Chat Toastmasters ia « h t Manobaiitor High Cftjr o f VUIogo Charm 7 pjn. at tile aion, win i^eak and riiow slides of inuaiotaM dunonatnOod woodwind - •v - r —— ....................... ■ ________- -- AtoMi m i r TcWroatli Oenter. the mlasicm. Club will “toast the teen-agen” at and read Matiumento in a iM their meeting Wednesday at •even atsmentary Mhodla ydater- . MANCRBSTBIL c o w , WEDNESDAY, YEERVART 17, IMS 1 AuxUIaxy wUI oiMt Airman Robert B. Sales, son of WUUe’t Restaurant With -the co- day. ^ „__ '1' , ________________________ t . /laaigM a t 7:80 at th* poat home. Mr. and Mrs. Edward Sales of 24 operatimi of k^iss Helen Estes of Hie tour was tha^finri carter St., is undergoing basic the Elnglish Department at Man­ pliumad by the townn a l e n w l ^ Dingwall, daugh- training at Lackland Air Force chester High School, a panel c t murio dTtMutmaDt to aoquitot tha, AltiiaUe C. Dingwall; Bsuse in Texsui. Before enlistment. students has been secured to give tddldran with tha woodwlnda, ^ Cased Airman Sales attsnded Howell the fliat ot aaverol to toaoh the u, s.
    [Show full text]
  • Opportunities of Adopting Conservation Agriculture In
    Opportunities of Adopting Conservation Agriculture in Tashkent and Sirdaryo Provinces, Uzbekistan Kuddusbek Tashpulatov Ahmatjanovich MSc thesis in Environmental Sciences July, 2017 Supervised by: Dr Andre van Amstel Course code: 80436 Environmental Systems Analysis Opportunities of Adopting Conservation Agriculture in Tashkent and Sirdaryo Provinces, Uzbekistan Kuddusbek Tashpulatov Ahmatjanovich Registration number 930423823030 ESA-80436 MSc Thesis Environmental Systems Analysis July, 2017 Supervisors 1 Examiner 1 Dr Andre van Amstel Dr Andre van Amstel Environmental Systems Analysis Environmental Systems Analysis Wageningen UR Wageningen UR Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Supervisor 2 Examiner 2 Dr Alim Pulatov Dr Dolf de Groot EcoGIS centre Environmental Systems Analysis Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Melioration Wageningen UR Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] 1 Preface The author expresses first and foremost thanks to the coordinators of the ERASMUS MUNDUS TIMUR project – Dr Alim Pulatov and Ms Ewa Wietsma for their initial and continuous support in all stages of the selection process. Specifically, giving me the unprecedented opportunity of being taught Master‟s degree in Environmental Sciences in one of the most prestigious educational establishments in the world. As well as to undertake my internship at Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Melioration. My heartfelt gratitude for both of my supervisors – Dr Andre van Amstel and Dr Alim Pulatov – for their guidance and support. By means of their advice and guidance, I was able to conquer my fear and to regard difficulties and obstacles as challenges, which I willingly and eagerly overcame. I am also appreciative of all the support my family and friends have given me.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to Hotel Management
    Temir yo‘l transporti orqali yuklar tashish asoslari 5-MAVZU Reja Temir yoʻl transporti tarixi Temir yo‘l transporti orqali yuklar tashish uchun mo‘ljallangan maxsus vagonlar va ularning turlari. Temir yul transportidan foydalanish hakidagi konvensiya. kullabs.com Temir yoʻl transporti tarixi Temir yoʻl transporti yuk va yoʻlovchilarni lokomotiv va motorvagonlar vositasida temir yoʻl boʻylab tashiydigan transport turi Uning paydo boʻlishi yirik 18-asr oxiri va 19-asr temir rudasi, koʻmir, qurilish sanoat taraqqiyoti, ayniqsa, boshlarida kapitalizmning materiallari va shu kabini togʻkon va metallurgiya sanoati rivojlanishi yuk aylanmasi ommaviy tashishga ehtiyoj taraqqiyoti bilan bogʻliq tuzilmasini tubdan oʻzgartirdi oʻsdi Stokton —Darlington temir yoʻli 1825 yil jahonda birinchi umumiy foydalanishdagi Stokton —Darlington temir yoʻl (21 km, Angliya) J.Stefenson tomonidan qurilgan 30-yillarda Avstriya, Germaniya, Belgiya, Fransiya, Rossiyada xam temir yoʻl qurildi 1850—70 yillarda Osiyo, Afrika, Jan. Amerika va Avstraliyada xam kurila boshladi 20-asr boshlarida jahonda temir yoʻl tarmogʻi 1 mln. km dan oshdi Oʻzbekistonda dastlabki temir yoʻl 1886—88 yillarda Zakaspiy temir yoʻlining Forob styasidan Samarqandgacha yotqizilgan 1888 yil may oyida Amudaryo orqali 2,7 km uzunlikdagi yogʻoch koʻprik qurib bitkazilishi Keyinchalik bu yoʻl 1895—97 yillarda Ursatyevskaya (Xovos) styasidan Qoʻqongacha davom ettirildi 1890 yil kuzida 1874 yilda Rossiya imperiyasining maxsus temir yoʻl komissiyasi qurish 1906 yil yanvarda Toshkent — Orenburg temir
    [Show full text]
  • Commercial Banks of Uzbekistan
    Commercial banks of Uzbekistan August 10, 2005 JETRO Tashkent office Copyright 2005 JETRO Content Part 1 Overview of Banking System ........................................................................................................................... 3 Total table: Business information...................................................................................................................... 4 Total table: Staff information............................................................................................................................ 8 Total table: Service charges .............................................................................................................................10 Total table: Owners .........................................................................................................................................12 Total table: Clients ..........................................................................................................................................15 Part 2 1. National Bank for Foreign Economic Activity of Uzbekistan .......................................................................18 2. State Joint-Stock Commercial bank "ASAKA Bank"....................................................................................22 3. State Commercial "Uzbekiston Respublikasi Xalq banki".............................................................................24 4. UzDaewoo bank ..........................................................................................................................................26
    [Show full text]