1959 CONGRESSIONAL- RECORD-- - SENATE 8271 MUTUAL AID travagance must be eliminated. How­ page of "today's ·Evening Star there ap­ Mr. NEUBERGER. Mr. Pr.esident, I ever, I would caution against any emo­ pears ari article entitled "Key to Ap­ was on the floor earlier today when the tional return to narrow or rabid isola­ pointments Problem." It comments in able Senator from -Montana [Mr. tionism on the part of this country. some degree and fashion on the pending MANSFIELD] delivered his address on for­ We have approximately 253 military nomination of Admiral Strauss to be sec­ eign aid. I have been generally, through bases overseas on foreign soil. I have retary of ·Commerce, and in support of my career in the Senate since 1955, a heard military leaders say that were it the suggestion that "the Republicans supporter of foreign aid. While I rea­ not for many of these bases they could have sought to make a political issue of lize that this program is not highly pop­ not assume effective and successful re­ the confirmation troubles of Adm. ular in the United States, it is my feel­ sponsibility for the defense of this Na­ Lewis Strauss, who is struggling to be ing that this country will have to make tion and the free world. With Russia marching from peasal'!try confirmed as Secretary of Commerce." sacrifices if we are to survive and if the The article states: free world is to survive. into the industrial age, and with teem­ ing Red China threatening to do so in Senator THRUSTON MORTON, WhO is not a However, I wish to say for the RECORD member of the Commerce Committee con­ that I was very much impressed with the the decades ahead, I doubt if we Ameri­ cans can look forward to fewer sacrifices. sidering the appointment, appeared quite logical and cogent arguments set forth obviously at one session to lend the support by the Senator from Montana for his It seems to me that, if anything, the path ahead is very much like that of his high political office. It was hardly proposal that foreign aid be taken from a coincidence that while he was there Re­ ICA and lodged in the State Department, pointed out only two decades ago by a publican Senator ANDREW SCHOEPPEL Of Kan­ which has the basic responsibility to the recent illustrious visitor to our shores. sas read a prepared statement attacking the American people for our foreign policy When England stood alone and the Nazis Strauss opposition as politically motivated. and for trying to make that policy suc­ were only 18 miles from England across cessful. the English Channel, Winston Churchill I am sure that the author of the ar­ It is my opinion that the Senator's told the English people that he could ticle wishes to be fair and factual. Ref­ suggestion that the State Department promise them only blood, toil, tears, and erence to the assignments to committees have the fundamental responsibility for sweat. made last January by the Senate will foreign aid has a great deal of merit. While we today happily do not con­ show that the list contains the name I do wish to say at this time, however, front any such dire emergency, I do be­ of THRUSTON MORTON, the Senator from that I expect there will be a continuation lieve that Americans must gear them­ Kentucky, as a member of the Committee of the many demagogic and irresponsible selves to a very great degree of real sac­ on Interstate and Foreign ·commerce, rifices. arguments being voiced against foreign since January 1959. aid. These arguments do not fall into So I would say to the Senator from Montana, who is such a thoughtful stu­ Therefore, certainly to the extent of the category of reasoned and factual and the observation that he is not a member scholarly statements such as those made dent of foreign affairs generally, that I have welcomed the opportunity to hear of the committee and that he appeared by the able Senator from Montana. in his capacity as chairman of one of Rather, they fall into the category of his address _today, and I certainly be­ lieve that his recommendation of placing the major political parties in this coun­ demagogic appeals by narrow and pro­ try certainly is not factual and not ac­ vincial and selfish interests. foreign aid under the Secretary of State and the associates of the Secretary of curate. For example, there are politicians who State contains a great deal of merit and tell the people in all sections of the logic. country that, were it not for foreign aid, Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, will ADJOURNMENT TO 10 A.M. ON they could have a new school or a new the Senator yield? TUESDAY NEXT hospital or a four-lane highway, and . Mr. NEUBERGER. I yield. The PRESIDING OFFICER. What is many other community improvements. Mr. MANSFIELD. I wish to thank While that might be true, it is also the pleasure of the Senate? the Senator from Oregon for his kind Mr. HRUSKA. Mr. President, pursu­ true that if we abandoned completely words, and to assure him that I would our allies throughout the world, those ant to the order previously entered, I be most happy to have his support in the move that the Senate stand adjourned new hospitals or 3Chools or four-lane proposed amendments that I shall offer highways might be the subject of aerial at the proper time. until 10 a.m. on Tuesday next. bombardment, and even nuclear bom­ Mr. NEUBERGER. Many of us in the The motion was agreed to; and (at bardment. Senate who do not have the benefit of 2 o'clock and 47 minutes p.m.) the Senate While I know that there is a great deal service on the Committee on Foreign Re­ adjourned, in accordance with the or­ of waste in foreign aid, as ~here must be lations look to the Senator from Mon­ dered previously entered, until Tuesday, in any other type of military program, it tana for wisdom and counsel and advice May 19, 1959, at 10 a.m. seems to me that any program which in these grave matters which concern was begun by people like Harry s Tru­ the future and safety of our country. man and George C. Marshall and con­ Mr. MANSFIELD. The Senator is, as NOMINATION tinued by their political opposites like always, too kind. Dwight D. Eisenhower and John Foster Executive nomination received by the Dulles, cannot be as wrong as some Senate May 15, 1959: opponents of foreign aid may claim. NOMINATION OF LEWIS STRAUSS ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF THE" AIR FORCE I agree with the Senator from Mon­ TO BE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE Joseph V. Charyk, of California, to be f.l.n tana that foreign aid must be improved, Mr. HRUSKA. Mr. President, in an Assistant Secretary of the Air Force, vice and that waste and inefficiency and ex- article . printed opposite the editorial Richard C. Horner, resigned. -

E X·T ENS I 0 N S 0 F REMARKS La Salle College Centenary Fund the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD a statement sters born during World War II. Though our I have prepared regarding La Salle Col­ independent colleges are and have been oper­ ating under a severe financial and teacher EXTENSION OF REMARKS lege, located in Philadelphia. shortage over the past decade, they have not OF There being no objection, the state­ been deterred in attempting to do all in their ment was ordered to be printed in the means to provide the opportunity for HON. HUGH SCOTT RECORD, as follows: . students who are ready for college: OF PENNSYLVANIA LA SALLE COLLEGE CENTENARY FuND An outstanding example of the never-end· IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES As the crisis of higher education ap­ ing struggle to meet the educational prob· Friday, M_ay 1_5, 1959 proaches its climax, it is heartening to see lems of today may be found at La Salle Col­ that our independent colleges are exerting lege, Philadelphia. This independent college Mr. SCOTT. Mr. President, I . ask themsel:ves to the fullest so they may be ready is administered by the Brothers of · Christian unanimous consent to have printed in for the matriculation of the wave of young- Schools. 8272 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD.. - SENATE May 15 The Christian Brothers brought their edu­ portunity to retain as much of the fruits of too, should also attempt to lay the founda­ .cational heritage to the United States in 1845. )lis labor as possible. tion for a long-range tax policy that would Their outstanding record of administration ,-At the same time the economic life of busi­ make proper adjustments for changes; pro­ in the field of education may be observed in ness and industry depends upon their being vide for an orderly revision of tax statutes as the growth and expansion of La Salle College able to have enough money to carry on their needed, instead of amassing tax laws in a under their tutelage. operations; to have venture capital to plow hodge-podge manner; and establishing a tax From its original site, the college moved back into the business for improvements and policy that would encourage--not hamper­ three times, due to the vigor of the Christian expansion; to support research for new and orderly growth and progress. Brot hers movement in meeting expansion better products for the consumer; and to re­ The objective, of course, is to promote ef­ needs. main economically healthy to provide jobs ficiency, equity, and justice in the tax system. When World War II finally ended, the for the American worker, of whom more than The establishment of a Hoover-type com­ veterans of our country turned to the colleges 65 million-an all-time high-are now work­ mission, I believe, would help achieve these to finish or begin their college training. The ing toward building an ever-better life for objectives. brothers, in keeping with their philosophy themselves, their families, and a better coun­ I am, therefore, urging early and favorable of meeting the need, met the challenge try for the future. consideration of the proposed legislation for though operating with virtually unchanged We recognize, too, that in this complex, establishing the much-needed tax reform facilities. Veterans were admitted, with the intertwined system of taxes, Federal taxes Commiss-ion. result that the Day Division alone swelled often overlap or duplicate taxes imposed by COMMISSION WOULD NOT DELAY IMMEDIATELY to 400 percent above its prewar enrollment. the State and local governments. / Since 1946, the Christian Brothers have in­ NEEDE D TAX REVISION creased the student body three times; the EFFECT OF TAXES ON ECONOMY Now, friends, you may ask: If we establish present enrollment is over 4,000. Now, the big question is: How can we a Tax Commission-scheduled to make its . Aware that college entrance demands will create greater justice and equity out of this findings and report its recommendations to reach a new peak by the mid-1960's, the complex, intermingled, overlapping system Congress by January 1961-would this ob­ brothers have initiated a centenary fund of tax laws? struct, or hold off, any justified t ax revisions raising drive to begin this fall and run to In addition, we must also ask: in the meantime? La Salle's Centenary in May 1963. The 1. What is the impact of this complex, The answer is: Definitely not. brothers plan to use centenary fund contri­ many-faceted tax structure on individuals, Realistically speaking, the outlook is dim butions to support the college's present and on business and industry, and on the general for any broadE:cale tax cuts at this time. future expansion. economy? However, as Congress has the opportunity to 2. How is this affecting our economic de­ correct glaring inequities in the tax struc­ velopment, growth, and progress? ture-while the Commission, if established, 3. Are individuals, partnerships, corpora­ completes its investigation, this should cer­ tions, and others being treated equitably tainly be accomplished. Excerpts From Address by Hon. Alex­ under the t ax system? Almost daily, a vast volume of letters, tele­ ander Wiley, of Wisconsin, To Be 4. What proper steps should be taken to grams, and cards pour into my otnce urging assure that the taxload is distributed fairly reductions of one kind of taxes or another. Broadcast Over Wisconsin Radio Sta­ in the economy and that our t ax policies are Let me say, frankly, that I deeply sym­ tions not unduly restrictive to growth and pathize with such messages-from many of progress? you listening-as you outline the burde~ ESTABLISHMENT OF A TOP-LEVEL TAX posed by h igh t axes. If it were fiscally re.: EXTENSION OF REMARKS COMMISSION sponsible, I would be h appy to urge my col­ leagues in Congress to cut all taxes now. OF To help provide the answers to these and other questions, I have recommended the BUDGET CRISIS DIMS OUTLOOK FOR TAX CUTS HON. ALEXANDER WILEY establishment of a top-level Tax Commission. But can we do t h is? OF WISCONSIN The objectives of the Commission would Currently, Uncle Sam is about $286 billion IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES be to plug loopholes; iron out inequities; in the red. eliminate unintended hardships or benefits; In addition, the 1960 budget now before Friday, May 15, 1959 capture revenue that may now be escaping Congress may further contribute to that in­ taxat ion; m ake adjustments in the tax struc­ debtedness unless we can get responsible Mr. WILEY. Mr. President, I ask ture to reflect the changing needs of the action in Congress-supported by folks at unanimous consent to have printed in economy, the technological revolution, shifts h ome--to assure the adoption of a realistic the CONGRESSIONAL R ECORD excerpts from in the patt3rn of consumer needs, and other fiscal policy. an address I have prepared for broad­ national requirements. Today the Nation, despite its recent eco­ casting from Wisconsin radio stations. The overall purpose would be to provide nomic setback, is establishing new economic There being no objection, the address a more efficient, equitable, and just tax sys­ records. The gross national product is at a~ tem to better enable our free-enterprise was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, all-time high of $465 billion. The national economy to meet its present obligations, as personal income has hit a record of $365 bil­ as follows: well as to promote expansion and progress lion. Retail sales have reached ¢212 billion, EXCERPTS OF ADDRESS PRE PARED FOR DELIVERY for the future. topping all previous volumes of retailing. BY SENATOR ALEXANDER WILEY, R EPUBLICAN, The Commission-composed of 12 members Yet, the United States and State Govern­ CHIPPEWA FALLS, OVER WISCONSIN RADIO from public and private life-would be re­ ments are having difficulty paying their bills. STATIONS quired to make its studies, accompanied by We recognize, of course, that some com­ I welcome the opportunity once again to recommendations for tax changes, and report munities are still suffering business lags and be with you. I want to discuss a subject that to Congress. too much unemployment. This poses par­ is of deep interest to Americans in every walk The t ax structure, over the years, has de­ ticularly difficult problems for the jobless of life. The subject is taxes. veloped through a complex process of enact­ and their families, as well as economically Briefly, now, I would like to take a look at ment of new laws, repeal of old ones, and depresses the involved community. the (1) scope; (2) the interrelationship of extensions or revisions of statutes on the Recognizing the seriousness of this situa ­ Federal, State and local taxes; and (3) pos­ books. The long tentacles of the tax system tion, the Federal Government, as well as sible steps which offer the best hope for reach into every organ of society. States and local communities, must step up meeting our financial responsibilities and During this period, there have been tre­ their efforts to wipe out these economic dark easing the burden on the American taxpayer mendous economic, technological, industrial, spots in the economy. at the earliest time. and other changes in the country. The tax The adoption of an improved tax program, Although taxes affect all of us Americans structure, I believe, should reflect these as well as establishment of a long-range pol­ differently, basically they mean a "take" out changes. icy, I believe, would help to promote eco­ of our incomes. nomic stabilit y and better enable us to deal PRINCIPLES OF TAX REFORM with these local, as well as national, prob­ EFFECT OF TAXES ON THE ECONOMY The principles which, I believe, should gov­ lems in the future. Today, the taxpayers of the Nation-you ern tax reform include: and I-pay a great many direct and hidden 1. Taxes should be based on ability to pay. STRONG ECONOMY-A "MUST" FOR PRESERVING t axes. These include income, partnership, 2. Taxes should allow reasonable incentive FREEDOM corporation, gift, inheritance, capital gains, to earn, to grow, to expand, to enjoy the We recognize, too, that the maintaining and numerous others. The tax percentage fruits of labor. of a strong economy is definitely in .the inter­ ranges from 1 percent to 91 percent-think 3. Insofar as possible, taxes should be non­ ests of national security. of it folks; 1 perc;ent to 9~ percent. discriminatory. Time after time, the Communists have predicted that our free enterprise system will What effect does this have on the economy? NEEDED; LONG-RANGE TAX POLICY A terrific impact. fail to meet the economic challenges; that In view of the rev:olut~onary changes in we will not succeed in coping with the ups We recognize, of course, that it is impor­ the economy in the past-and we ca_n expec:t .a:_nd downs in .the economic cycles; and that tant to allow the American worker the op- more in the future-the Tax Co_mmissio~. evehtually our economic system wm fold ' 1959 GONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE f' ' . \ 8273 up, so that dictatorial communism"'-under depletion allowances for oil, gas, and other tions; early easing the burden on the Ameri­ the guise of socialism--can take over the similar resources; treatment of working can taxpayer; and assuring an equitable country. mothers under the tax laws; deductions for . sharing of the tax load. This must not happen. It will not happen business expense accounts; excise taxes con­ Overall, I believe that achieving these ob­ if we have the courage, foresight, and will­ tinued long beyond their wartime purposes; jectives would serve the interest of Wiscon­ ·ingness to meet the economic as well as mili­ capital gains taxes. sin, as well as of the Nation. tary challenges to our security; in fact, to In addition, there are a great many other Whether you are a businessman, farmer, our survival. areas of taxation which deserve careful re­ teacher, doctor, lawyer, parent of students, "N~W LOOK" AT SPECIFIC TAXES consideration. or one who toils in some other vineyard­ . Now, what are the areas of taxation that .CONCLUSION you well know the big bite which taxes take merit a "new look" in terms of the long-range In proposing such a top-level Tax Com­ out of our income. needs of the economy. A few of these include mission, I am well aware that such a body Now, friends, as you have the opportunity, taxes on job-creating businesses and indus­ cannot provide a cure-all for our economic I would be glad to have your ideas on this try, particularly those included in the small ills, nor can it solve all problems. approach to establish a more efficient, just, busin~ss category; treatment of retirement However, I believe that tax reform action and equitable tax policy. benefits; possible tax adjustments to help along these lines would provide our best hope Now, once again, this is your senior Sena­ meet the i1;1creasingly high costs of educa­ for helping local, State, and Federal Govern­ tor, ALEX WILEY, saying: "Thanks for listen­ tion, and thus help to fill a national need; ments to better meet their financial obliga- ing."

tend unduly to create a monopoly in the The SPEAKER. Is there objection HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES field of banking.' " to the request of the· gentleman from Respectfully yours, Iowa? MONDAY, MAY 18, 1959 RALPH R. ROBERTS, Clerk, U .S. House of Representatives. There was no objection. The House met at 12 o'clock noon. Mr. HOEVEN. Mr. Speaker, as chair­ The Chaplain, Rev. Bernard Braskamp, man of the Republican Conference of D.D., offered the following prayer: HOUSE BILL ENROLLED the House of Representatives I am sure Mr. BURLESON, from the Committee I express the sentiments of all Republi­ I Samuel 7: 12: Hitherto hath the cans, and Members of the House, when I Lord blessed us. on House Administration, reported that that committee had on May 16, 1959, say how delighted we are to have our Almighty God, our refuge and Chaplain, Dr. Braskamp, with us again strength, we adore Thee as our gracious examined and found truly enrolled a bill of the House of the following title: after an illness of several weeks. -Benefactor whose divine providence is Dr. Braskamp is a native of my home ever round about us. H.R ." 5916. An act making supplemental town of Alton, Iowa. Hence we have We acknowledge gratefully that in our appropriations for the fiscal year ending had much in common throughout the June 30, 195~, and for other purposes. physical and spiritual needs Thou hast years. He is one of our most distin­ been mindful and merciful unto us. guished Iowans. May we manifest our gratitude by We hope and pray that our beloved following more eagerly and earnestly SUPPLEMENTAL APPROPRIATIONS FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING Chaplain and friend may gain in strength the way which our blessed Lord has each day, and that he may be richly marked out for us by His example and JUNE 30, 1959 blessed in the days that lie ahead. precepts. The SPEAKER. The Chair desires to Grant that we may always perceive' announce that pursuant to the authority clearly what He would have us know and granted him on Thursday, May 14, 1959, RE-REFERENCE OF H.R. 1129 TO perform faithfully that whl.ch He would he did on May 16, -1959, sign the following COMMITTEE ON VETERANS' AF­ have us do. enrolled bill of the House: FAIRS Hear us in His name. Amen. H.R. 5916. An act making supplemental Mr. VINSON. Mr. Speaker, I ask The Journal of the proceedings of appropriations for the fiscal year ending unanimous consent that H.R. 1129, a bill Thursday, May 14, 1959, was read and June 30, 1959, and for other purposes. to amend thJ Servicemen's and Veterans' approved. Survivor Benefits Act, which was referred to the House Committee on Armed Serv­ REV. BERNARD BRASKAMP, D.D. ices on January 7, 1959, be re-referred to SUPPLEMENTAL APPROPRIATIONS, The SPEAKER. The Chair recognizes the House Committee on Veterans' 1959, AND S. 1062 AMENDING FED­ the gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. Affairs. ERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE ACT McCORMACK]. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to The SPEAKER. The Chair lays be- Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, our the request of the gentleman from fore the House the following communica­ beloved Chaplain this morning opened Georgia? tion from the Clerk of the House: his beautiful prayer for the Members of There was no objection. the House, and all of his prayers are OFFICE OF THE CLERK, beautiful, touching, and effective, with HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, THE BERLIN AIRLIFT: 10 YEARS Washington, D.C., May 18, 1959. the following words: "Hitherto hath the · The Honorable the SPEAKER, Lord .blessed . us." LATER House of Representatives. I know I speak the sentiments of all Mr. PRICE. Mr. Speaker, I ask SIR: Pursuant to authority previously the Members of the House in saying that unanimous consent to extend my re­ granted, the Clerk received from the Secre­ the Lord has certainly blessed the House marks at this point in the RECORD. tary of the Senate on Thursday, May 14, of Representatives and its Members to­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection 1959, the following messages: day and during the past weeks with His to the request of the gentleman from "That the Senate agree to the report of kindness and generosity in relation to our the committee of conference on the disagree­ illinois? ing votes of the two Houses on the amend­ beloved Chaplain and giving him im­ · There was no objection. ments of the Senate to the bill (H.R. 5916) proved health so that he can be with us Mr. PRICE. Mr. Speaker, there were entitled 'An act making supplemental ap­ again. We, too, are happy to welcome several important milestones in the propriations for the fiscal year ending June our Chaplain back and, indeed, Chaplain series of historic decisions made by for­ 30, 1959, and for other purposes'; and Braskamp, as you started out in your mer President Harry S. Truman which "That the Senate agree to the amendments prayer, each one of us feels "hitherto halted the advance of communism in of the House of Representatives to the hath the Lord blessed us." Europe but none was more important amendments of the Senate numbered 1, 7, than the quick and courageous decision 38, 71, and 88 of the said bill; and · to resist the Russian blockade of Berlin ·· "That the Senate passed the bill (S. 1062) REV. BERNARD BRASKAMP, D.D. entitled 'An act to amend the Federal De­ which began in June of 1948. posit Insurance Act to provide safeguards Mr. HOEVEN. Mr. Speaker, I ask Ten years later West Berlin is the sym­ against mergers and consolidations of banks unanimous consent to extend my re­ bol of the free world at the doorstep of 'which might lessen competition unduly or marks at this time in the RECORD. the enslaved Communist satellites-a