Initial Environmental Examination

Document Stage: Draft Project Number: 42173-016 March 2021

Bangladesh: Dhaka Environmentally Sustainable Water Supply Project – Additional Financing

Prepared by Dhaka Water Supply and Sewerage Authority, Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development and Cooperatives, Government of Bangladesh for the Asian Development Bank.

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 3 March 2021)

Currency Unit = Bangladesh Taka (BDT) BDT1.00 = $0.0117953182 $1.00 = BDT84.7794

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB – Asian Development Bank AAQ – ambient air quality BOD – biological oxygen demand COD – chemical oxygen demand DMA – District Metered Area DNCC – Dhaka North City Corporation DO – dissolved oxygen DOE – Department of Environment DWASA – Dhaka Water Supply and Sewerage Authority EA – executing agency EIA – environmental impact assessment ECA – Environmental Conservation Act ECR – Environmental Conservation Rules ECC – environmental clearance certificate EMP – environmental management plan GOB – Government of Bangladesh GRC – grievance redress committee GRM – grievance redress mechanism IEE – initial environmental examination MOEFCC – Ministry of Environment and Forests, and Climate Change NGO – nongovernment organization O&M – operation and maintenance PMU – project management unit ROW – right-of-way SPS – safeguard policy statement WTP – water treatment plant WHO – World Health Organization

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

ha – hectare km – kilometer m – meter mg/l – milligram per liter MLD – million liters per day mm – millimeter km/h – kilometer per hour

NOTE

In this report, "$" refers to US dollars.

This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, ADB does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

CONTENTS

Executive Summary

I. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 A. Background ...... 1 B. Objectives of the IEE Report ...... 1 C. Methodology ...... 2 D. Report Structure ...... 2 II. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ...... 3 A. ADB Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009 ...... 3 B. National Environmental Impact Assessment Law ...... 6 C. Status of Application for Environment Clearance ...... 9 D. Other Relevant National Policies, Acts, Rules and Strategies ...... 10 E. Legislation Relating to Occupational Health and Safety ...... 12 F. Relevant International Environmental Agreements ...... 13 G. Environmental Standards ...... 14 III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ...... 18 A. Existing Water Supply Situation and Need for the Project ...... 18 B. Ongoing Packages Under Dhaka Environmentally Sustainable Water Supply Project ...... 18 C. The Project ...... 18 D. Project Area ...... 20 E. Project Goals and Objectives ...... 23 F. Implementation Schedule ...... 23 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ...... 23 A. Physical Resources in Project Area ...... 23 B. Ecological Resources in Project Area ...... 31 C. Socio-Economic Condition ...... 35 D. Socio-Cultural Resources ...... 36 V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 38 A. Planning and Design Phase ...... 38 B. Construction Phase ...... 43 C. Operation and Maintenance Phase ...... 57 VI. CONSULTATION, INFORMATION DISCLOSURE AND GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ...... 57 A. Consultation and Information Disclosure ...... 57 B. Grievance Redress Mechanism ...... 61 C. Scope and Jurisdiction of GRC ...... 62 D. Filing Grievance Cases and Documentation ...... 63

VII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 67 A. Institutional Arrangement ...... 67 B. Environmental Management Plan ...... 70 C. Capacity Building ...... 93 D. Environmental Budget ...... 94 VIII. MONITORING AND REPORTING ...... 96 IX. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONs ...... 97

APPENDICES

Appendix 1: Accomplished Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist Appendix 2: Copy of Renewal of Environmental Clearance for DESWSP Appendix 3: Copies of Laboratory Analyses of Environmental Data Sampling Appendix 4: Result of Screening Using Integrated Biodiversity Assessment Tool (IBAT) Appendix 5: Sample Health and Safety Guideline for COVID-19 Appendix 6: Minutes and Report on Consultation Activities Conducted Appendix 7: Sample Grievance Registration Form Appendix 8: Sample Daily Monitoring Sheet for Contractors Appendix 9: Semi-annual Environmental Monitoring Report Template

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This initial environmental examination (IEE) report covers the proposed Dhaka Environmentally Sustainable Water Supply Project (DESWSP) – Additional Financing (DESWSP-AF or project) and complies with the requirements of ADB Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS), 2009. Principal sources of information used in the IEE process were field observation, followed by terrestrial flora and fauna data and scoping exercises. Supplementary information was taken from direct consultations with stakeholders, including staff of the implementing agency, field visits and site assessment, review of documents and project plans, and designs and reports of similar urban development projects implemented in other areas of Bangladesh, particularly in Dhaka City and immediate surrounding vicinities.

Subproject Scope. This IEE report has been prepared for Package 3.2, the new package that will be financed by DESWSP-AF. Package 3.2 will complement the existing packages of ongoing DESWSP under ADB Loan No. 3051. Specifically, the Package 3.2 will cover secondary distribution pipeline with aggregate length of 43 km comprising pipes of 0.4-0.8 m diameter that will be connected to selected district metering areas in Dhaka City.

Categorization. ADB requires the consideration of environmental issues in all aspects of ADB’s operations, and the requirements for environmental assessment are described in ADB Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS), 2009. Using ADB rapid environmental assessment checklist, the project is classified as Category B for environment per ADB SPS, 2009 as no significant impacts are envisaged. Accordingly, an IEE has been undertaken, which assesses in more detail the likely environmental impacts of the project and provides the corresponding mitigation measures to ensure these impacts are managed to acceptable levels.

Environmental Assessment and Management. The IEE has been undertaken and the potential impacts and mitigation measures have been identified through review of the project designs, discussion with the designers, and stakeholder consultation. The IEE has also emphasized the need to incorporate pollution prevention and control technologies during the design, construction, and operation of the project and adhere to internationally recognized standards such as the World Bank Group’s Environment, Health and Safety Guidelines.

An environmental management plan (EMP) is included as part of this IEE, which discusses the following:

(i) mitigation measures for environmental impacts during implementation; and (ii) an environmental monitoring program, and the responsible entities for mitigating, monitoring, and reporting.

The project alignments pass through built-up areas of Dhaka City such as commercial centers with small and medium enterprises, markets or bazars, institutional centers, and residential communities. These areas are neither within nor near any ecologically critical or sensitive areas as defined in ADB SPS, and the project activities will not have any significant impact on the physical, biological and social environment. All works will be confined within existing rights of way. No private properties will be affected and the methods to be used for site preparation, construction and commissioning, as well as associated arrangements to ensure sound environmental management and safety at all times, are to be defined by the design-build contractor in a site- specific environmental management plan (SEMP) based on the EMP of this IEE. Design-build contractor will submit its SEMP to the project management unit (PMU) through the management,

ii design and supervision consultant (MDSC) for approval. In line with the EMP, the SEMP will also cover the following areas of impact which are potentially significant but can be mitigated by the adoption of good practice: (i) traffic management, (ii) noise pollution and vibration, (iii) waste generation (iv) soil erosion from excavations, (v) water pollution and siltation of receiving bodies of water, (vi) air pollution due to dust and vehicle emissions, and (vii) community and occupational health and safety risks, including protocol in response to emerging infectious diseases such as the 2019 novel corona virus disease (COVID-19).

Grievance Redress Mechanism. The project will adopt the existing grievance redress mechanism (GRM) of DESWSP. The GRM has been set up to register grievances of the people regarding technical, social and environmental aspects. The process was designed to be transparent, gender responsive, culturally appropriate and commensurate to the risks and adverse impacts of the project, as well as readily accessible to all segments of the affected people. The project GRM will not supersede any legal government grievance procedures. Affected people are to be informed about the mechanism through media and public outlets. This participatory process shall ensure that all views of the people are adequately reviewed and suitably incorporated in the design and implementation process.

Implementation Arrangement. The implementing agency is Dhaka Water Supply and Sewerage Authority (DWASA). DWASA will utilize the existing PMU of DESWSP to implement and manage DESWSP-AF. The PMU is staffed with an Environmental Safeguard Officer who is a permanent employee of DWASA. Likewise, the PMU is supported by MDSC in implementing the project. The PMU will be strengthened with external experts or consultants in environmental and social safeguards, including other experts necessary to manage the project efficiently. The PMU with support from MDSC will have responsibility for overseeing project management, including supervision of EMP and/or SEMP implementation.

The IEE report will be part of the bidding and contract documents. Therefore, the design-build contractor will be required to (i) obtain all statutory clearances prior to commencement of civil works; (ii) establish an operational system for managing environmental impacts; (iii) prepare a SEMP based on the EMP of this IEE, and submit to PMU through MDSC for approval; (iv) carry out all of the monitoring and mitigation measures set forth in the approved SEMP; and (v) implement any corrective or preventative actions set out in safeguards monitoring reports that the PMU will prepare from time to time to monitor implementation of this IEE, EMP, and SEMP. The design-build contractor shall allocate a budget for compliance with these EMP measures, requirements and actions.

Monitoring and Reporting. Consistent with the reporting requirements set out in the Project Administration Manual, EMP compliance monitoring will be undertaken by the PMU with support from MDSC. Design-build contractor will submit monthly reports to PMU through MDSC, while PMU will prepare and submit reports to ADB on a semi-annual basis. The submission of environmental monitoring reports to ADB will continue until ADB issues a project completion report for the project.

Conclusion. Based on the analysis conducted in the environmental assessment, it is concluded that, overall, the project will result in significant positive socio-economic benefits. The project will not have significant adverse environmental impacts that are considered irreversible, diverse or unprecedented. The potential adverse environmental impacts identified are associated with the construction phase, which can be managed through effective implementation of the EMP. The construction sites are neither within nor near any ecologically sensitive areas or cultural sites of importance. Therefore, no further environmental assessment is required, and the classification of

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Category B per ADB SPS is confirmed. However, this IEE report shall be updated based on finalization of the detailed design by the design-build contractor. In such case, PMU shall undertake additional or new environmental assessment, if necessary; and submit to ADB the updated IEE report for final review and disclosure. No civil works shall commence until the updated IEE report is cleared by ADB.

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I. INTRODUCTION

A. Background

1. The Government of Bangladesh, through Dhaka Water Supply and Sewerage Authority (DWASA), has received financing from the ADB, Agence Française de Dévelopment (AFD), and European Investment Bank (EIB), which is being used for the implementation of the ongoing Dhaka Environmentally Sustainable Water Supply Project (DESWSP). An additional financing has been proposed to ADB in order to continue implementation of DESWSP. This additional financing, which will be processed through another ADB loan, will be entitled as the proposed DESWSP – Additional Financing (DESWSP-AF or Project). The overall project (original DESWSP and proposed DESWSP – AF) aims to provide safe, reliable and continuous drinking water as per Government of Bangladesh’s standard to about 15 million people of Dhaka-the capital, located in the heart of the country.

2. DWASA is responsible for providing potable water supply services to about 90% of Dhaka’s population, sewerage services, and storm water drainage services throughout its 400km2 services areas. In fact, the city relies heavily on groundwater sources for water supply but current abstraction exceeds sustainable yields, water table levels are falling by 2 to 3 m /year and increasing number of tube wells becomes inoperable. Groundwater extraction is expected to be reduced from 1,900 MLD in 2012 to 1,260 MLD by 2025. At the same time, the overall supply needs to be increased to cater for the growing population in a larger service area.

3. Out of the total 2,400 MLD currently provided by DWASA, 450 MLD is provided by the two phases of Saidabad Water Treatment Plant (WTP), which abstracts water from the nearby Shitalakhya River, where water quality is deteriorating rapidly, particularly due to high ammonia concentrations during the dry season. This puts sustainable operation of the WTP at serious risk. This in turn makes it essential for DWASA to find an adequate and sustainable source of raw water to achieve its long-term development objectives.

4. The impact of the overall project will be drinking water security ensured in selected district metered areas (DMAs). The outcome will be inclusive, gender-responsive, and sustainable drinking water service delivered in DMAs.

B. Objectives of the IEE Report

5. The proposed DESWSP-AF will aim to partly finance the secondary distribution network of pipeline with 0.4-0.8 m diameter that will be connected to DMAs. This network is labeled as Package 3.2 or P3.2 under the overall project, which will complement Package 1, Package 2 and Package 3.1 under DESWSP (the original and ongoing ADB Loan No. 3051). Therefore, this IEE report covers the environmental assessment for Package 3.2 alone. The IEE has been conducted to determine the likely environmental impacts of proposed DESWSP-AF, and for which corresponding mitigation measures are prepared.

6. Per ADB policy, environmental issues in all aspects of the ADB’s operations have to be considered by following the requirements for environmental assessment as described in ADB Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS), 2009. The potential environmental impacts of the proposed Package 3.2 have been initially assessed using ADB Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist for Water Supply Projects. See Appendix 1 for the accomplished REA Checklist. The potential negative environmental impacts were identified in relation to pre-construction, construction and operation of the proposed infrastructure. Results of the assessment show that

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Package 3.2 is unlikely to cause significant adverse impacts. Thus, this initial environmental examination (IEE) has been prepared in accordance with ADB SPS requirements for projects classified as Category B for environment.

7. This IEE is based on (i) the preliminary project reports and design prepared by the DWASA, and (ii) feasibility report prepared by the Project Preparatory Technical Assistance (PPTA) team of DESWSP. The IEE was supported mainly by field reconnaissance surveys and secondary information from different sources. No field monitoring with regard to environmental baseline data was conducted due to restrictions brought about by the 2019 corona virus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. However, the environmental monitoring program developed as part of the environmental management plan (EMP) will require the contractors to establish the baseline environmental conditions prior to commencement of civil works. Therefore, this IEE report will be finalized during implementation stage by to reflect (i) any changes and final detailed design, and (ii) environmental baseline data on air quality, noise level, and water quality if needed.

C. Methodology

8. This IEE is based on the requirements of ADB SPS. Principal sources of information were the initial scoping exercise, and the published terrestrial flora and fauna data for Bangladesh, particularly Dhaka City. Secondary information was taken from various sources such as direct consultations with DWASA staff, field observations in proposed alignments, review of available documents and project plans, designs and reports on similar projects implemented in other areas of Bangladesh.

9. A scoping and field reconnaissance was conducted at project sites, to establish the potential impacts and categorization of project activities. The methodology of the IEE study was then elaborated to enable the team to proceed with the environmental assessment proper. Subsequently, secondary environmental information and data were collected from possible sources, and the intensity and likely locations of impacts were identified. Specifically, the impacts from construction of Package 3.2 were assessed, and corresponding mitigation measures were proposed to reduce such impacts to acceptable levels. Public consultations were likewise carried out in Package 3.2 areas, and properly documented. The outcomes of these consultations were considered in the environmental assessment and the consultation reports are included in this IEE report.

D. Report Structure

10. This IEE report contains the following 9 sections including the executive summary at the beginning of the report:

(i) Introduction; (ii) Policy, legal and administrative framework; (iii) Description of the project; (iv) Description of the environment; (v) Anticipated environmental impacts and mitigation measures; (vi) Consultation, information disclosure and grievance redress mechanism; (vii) Environmental management plan; (viii) Monitoring and Reporting; and (ix) Conclusion and Recommendation.

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II. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK

11. Alongside ADB SPS, relevant legal and policy framework of Government of Bangladesh need to be complied with by the project. These include the Environment Conservation Act 1995 (ECA, 1995), with amendments in 2000, 2002 and 2010; and the Environment Conservation Rules 1997 (ECR, 1997), which provides the implementing rules and regulations of ECA, 1995 as amended.

A. ADB Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009

12. ADB SPS requires borrowers to meet a set of requirements (Safeguards Requirements 1) when delivering environmental safeguards for projects supported by ADB. The objectives are to ensure the environmental soundness and sustainability of projects, and to support the integration of environmental considerations into the project decision-making process. Hence, the project is required to comply with these requirements. Summary of the step-by-step process is discussed below in this section. Detailed discussions are provided in the ADB SPS.1

13. Screening and categorization. The nature of the environmental assessment required for a project depends on the significance of its environmental impacts, which are related to the type and location of the project; the sensitivity, scale, nature, and magnitude of its potential impacts; and the availability of cost-effective mitigation measures. Projects are screened for their expected environmental impacts, and are assigned to one of the following four categories:

(i) Category A. A proposed project is classified as category A if it is likely to have significant adverse environmental impacts that are irreversible, diverse, or unprecedented. These impacts may affect an area larger than the sites or facilities subject to physical works. An environmental impact assessment is required. (ii) Category B. A proposed project is classified as category B if its potential adverse environmental impacts are less adverse than those of category A projects. These impacts are site-specific, few if any of them are irreversible, and in most cases mitigation measures can be designed more readily than for projects classified as Category A. An initial environmental examination is required. (iii) Category C. A proposed project is classified as category C if it is likely to have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts. No environmental assessment is required although environmental implications need to be reviewed. (iv) Category FI. A proposed project is classified as category FI if it involves investment of ADB funds to or through a financial intermediary.

14. Environmental Management Plan. PMU shall prepare an EMP and include in the IEE report. The EMP shall describe and address the potential impacts and risks identified by the environmental assessment. The level of detail and complexity of the EMP and the priority of the identified measures and actions will be commensurate with the project’s impact and risks. The EMP shall include the proposed mitigation measures, environmental monitoring and reporting requirements, emergency response procedures, related institutional or organizational arrangements, capacity development and training measures, implementation schedule, cost estimates, and performance indicators.

1 ADB. 2009. Safeguard Policy Statement. Manila.

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15. Public Disclosure. PMU shall submit the following documents to ADB for disclosure on ADB website so affected people, other stakeholders, and the public can provide meaningful inputs into the project design and implementation:2

(i) For environmental category A projects, draft EIA report at least 120 days before ADB Board consideration; (ii) Final or updated EIA and/or IEE upon receipt; and (iii) Environmental monitoring reports submitted by the implementing agency during project implementation upon receipt.

16. Consultation and Participation. The PMU shall carry out meaningful consultations3 with affected people and other concerned stakeholders, including civil society, and facilitate their informed participation. The consultation process and its results are to be documented and reflected in the environmental assessment report.

17. Grievance Redress Mechanism. DWASA, through PMU, shall establish a mechanism to receive and facilitate resolution of affected peoples’ concerns, complaints, and grievances about the project’s environmental performance. The grievance mechanism shall be scaled to the risks and adverse impacts of the project. The grievance redress mechanism (GRM) established under DESWSP will be adopted by the proposed DESWSP-AF, and this is discussed in detail in Section VII below.

18. Monitoring and Reporting. PMU shall monitor, measure, and document the progress of implementation of the EMP. If necessary, PMU will identify the necessary corrective actions, and reflect them in a corrective action plan. PMU will prepare and submit to ADB semi-annual environmental monitoring reports that describe progress with implementation of the EMP, and compliance issues and corrective actions, if any.

19. Unanticipated Environmental Impacts. Where unanticipated environmental impacts become apparent during implementation, PMU shall update the environmental assessment and EMP, or prepare a new environmental assessment and EMP, to assess the potential impacts, evaluate the alternatives, and outline mitigation measures and resources to address those impacts.

20. Pollution Prevention and Control Technologies. During the design, construction, and operation of the project, the PMU will apply pollution prevention and control technologies and practices consistent with international good practice, as reflected in internationally recognized standards such as the World Bank Group’s Environment, Health and Safety Guidelines. These standards contain performance levels and measures that are normally acceptable and applicable to projects. When Government of Bangladesh regulations differ from these levels and measures, the PMU will achieve whichever is more stringent. If less stringent levels or measures are

2 Per ADB SPS, 2009, prior to disclosure on ADB website, ADB reviews the “borrower’s/client’s social and environmental assessment and plans to ensure that safeguard measures are in place to avoid, wherever possible, and minimize, mitigate, and compensate for adverse social and environmental impacts in compliance with ADB’s safeguard policy principles and Safeguard Requirements 1-4.” 3 Per ADB SPS, 2009, meaningful consultation means a process that (i) begins early in the project preparation stage and is carried out on an ongoing basis throughout the project cycle; (ii) provides timely disclosure of relevant and adequate information that is understandable and readily accessible to affected people; (iii) is undertaken in an atmosphere free of intimidation or coercion; (iv) is gender inclusive and responsive, and tailored to the needs of disadvantaged and vulnerable groups; and (v) enables the incorporation of all relevant views of affected people and other stakeholders into decision making, such as project design, mitigation measures, the sharing of development benefits and opportunities, and implementation issues.

5 appropriate in view of specific project circumstances, the PMU will provide full and detailed justification for any proposed alternatives that are consistent with the requirements presented in ADB SPS.

21. Occupational Health and Safety. PMU4 shall ensure that workers5 are provided with a safe and healthy working environment, considering risks inherent to the sector and specific classes of hazards in the project work areas, including physical, chemical, biological, and radiological hazards. PMU shall ensure to take steps to prevent accidents, injury, and disease arising from, associated with, or occurring during the course of work by (i) identifying and minimizing, so far as reasonably practicable, the causes of potential hazards to workers; (ii) providing preventive and protective measures, including modification, substitution, or elimination of hazardous conditions or substances; (iii) providing appropriate equipment to minimize risks and requiring and enforcing its use; (iv) training workers and providing them with appropriate incentives to use and comply with health and safety procedures and protective equipment; (v) documenting and reporting occupational accidents, diseases, and incidents; and (vi) having emergency prevention, preparedness, and response arrangements in place.

22. Community Health and Safety. The PMU shall ensure to identify and assess the risks to, and potential impacts on, the safety of affected communities during the design, construction, operation, and decommissioning of the project, and will establish preventive measures and plans to address them in a manner commensurate with the identified risks and impacts.

23. PMU shall ensure to apply preventive and protective measures for both occupational and community health and safety consistent with international good practice, as reflected in internationally recognized standards such as the World Bank Group’s Environmental, Health and Safety Guidelines.6 PMU shall also adhere to necessary protocols in response to emerging infectious diseases such as the corona virus disease (COVID-19) consistent with the guidelines of relevant government healthcare agencies and the World Health Organization.

24. Physical Cultural Resources. PMU is responsible for siting and designing the project to avoid significant damage to physical cultural resources. Such resources likely to be affected by the project will be identified, and qualified and experienced experts will assess the project’s potential impacts on these resources using field-based surveys as an integral part of the environmental assessment process. The chance finds procedure or protocol included in this IEE shall be used as mandatory guide for the design-build contractor.

25. Environmental Audit. When a project involves existing activities or facilities, PMU is responsible to ensure that relevant external experts will perform environmental audits to determine the existence of any areas where such project may cause or is causing environmental risks or impacts. If the project does not foresee any new major expansion, the audit constitutes the environmental assessment for the project.

26. Bidding and Contract Documents. This IEE report, which contains the EMP, shall be included in bidding and contract documents and verified by PMU. The PMU shall also ensure that bidding and contract documents include specific provisions requiring the design-build contractor

4 In case where responsibility is delegated to subproject contractors during construction phase, PMU shall ensure that the responsibilities on occupational health and safety as described herein are included in the contract documents. 5 Including nonemployee workers engaged by DWASA through contractors or other intermediaries to work on project sites or perform work directly related to the project’s core functions. 6 World Bank Group, 2007. Environmental, Health, and Safety General Guidelines. Washington, DC.

6 to (i) comply with all other conditions required by ADB,7 and (ii) submit to PMU, for review and approval, a site-specific environmental management plan (SEMP), including (a) proposed sites/locations for construction work camps, storage areas, hauling roads, lay down areas, disposal areas for solid and hazardous wastes; (b) specific mitigation measures following the approved EMP; (c) monitoring program as per EMP; and (d) budget for SEMP implementation, among others as may be required. No works can commence prior to approval of SEMP. A copy of the EMP and/or approved SEMP will be kept on site during the construction period at all times. Non-compliance with, or any deviation from, the conditions set out in the EMP and/or SEMP constitutes a failure in compliance and shall require corrective actions.

27. Conditions for Award of Contract and Commencement of Work. PMU shall not award any works contract under the project until (i) relevant provisions from the EMP are incorporated into the works contract; (ii) this IEE report is updated reflecting project’s final detailed design and PMU has obtained ADB’s clearance of such updated IEE report; and (iii) DOE-approved EIA (i.e. EIA in compliance with ECR, 1997) and other necessary permits from relevant government agencies have been obtained.

B. National Environmental Impact Assessment Law

28. Environment Conservation Act, 1995 (and subsequent amendments). The national environmental legislation known as Environmental Conservation Act, 1995 (ECA, 1995) is currently the main legislative document relating to environmental protection in Bangladesh, which replaced the earlier environment pollution control ordinance of 1992. This act was amended in 2000, 2002 and 2010. The main objectives of the ECA are the following:

(i) conservation of the natural environment and improvement of environmental standards; and (ii) control and mitigation of environmental pollution.

29. The ECA has the following main strategies:

(i) Declaration of ecologically critical areas, and restriction on the operation and process, which can be continued or cannot be initiated in the ecologically critical areas; (ii) Regulation with respect to vehicles emitting smoke harmful to the environment; (iii) Environmental clearances; (iv) Remedial measures for injuries to ecosystems; (v) Regulation of projects and other development activities; (vi) Promulgation of standards for quality of air, water, noise and soil for different areas for various purposes; (vii) Promulgation of standard limit for discharging and emitting waste; and (viii) Formulation and declaration of environmental guidelines.

30. The Department of Environment (DOE) implements the ECA. The DOE is under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MOEFCC), and is headed by a Director General who has complete control over the DOE.

7 Contractors to comply with (i) all applicable labor laws and core labor standards on (a) prohibition of child labor as defined in national legislation for construction and maintenance activities; (b) equal pay for equal work of equal value regardless of gender, ethnicity, or caste; and (c) elimination of forced labor; and with (ii) the requirement to disseminate information on sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV/AIDS, to employees and local communities surrounding the project sites.

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31. Relevance to the project. According to the ECA, no industrial unit or project shall be established or undertaken without obtaining, in the manner prescribed by rules, an Environmental Clearance Certificate (ECC) from the DOE. Hence, the project is required to comply with the ECA.

32. Environment Conservation Rules, 1997 (including amendments of 2002, 2003, and 2005). The Environment Conservation Rules, 1997 (ECR, 1997) provides the first set of rules under the Environment Conservation Act, 1995. These rules are further amended in 2002, 2003, 2005, 2010 and 2017. These provide, among other items, standards and guidelines for the following:

(i) Categorization of industries and development projects; (ii) Procedure for obtaining environmental clearance; and (iii) Environmental quality standards in relation to water pollution, air pollution and noise, as well as permitted discharge/emission levels of water and air pollutants and noise by projects.

33. Relevance to the project. In accordance with the ECR, 1997, the project is classified under Red Category, requiring an EIA for the issuance of ECC from DOE. This ECC has to be obtained prior to commencement of the project. Concomitantly, the project is required to comply with the ECR.

34. Overview of the Project Approval Process Key legislations governing the environmental approval process for the proposed project are the ECA and ECR. According to Rule 7 of the ECR, proposed developments within Bangladesh are classified into four categories, as follows:

(i) Green; (ii) Orange A; (iii) Orange B; and (iv) Red.

35. These categories define proposed developments according to their potential environmental impact. Section 12 of the ECA states that no industrial unit or project shall be established or undertaken without obtaining an ECC from the DOE, in the manner prescribed by the ECR.

36. Key milestones in the approval process for environmental clearance are outlined in Figure 1. These comprise:

(i) Project Authorization Letter: Formal authorization of the project by the DWASA is required in order for the environmental approval process to formally commence. (ii) No Objection Certificate (NOC): A NOC must be received from the Deputy Commissioner in the project area before a Site Clearance Certificate (SCC) application can be made. (iii) Site Clearance Certificate: An SCC will be issued by DOE upon approval of the IEE study (note that the IEE submission is to include the Project Authorization Letter, NOC and SCC application form). The SCC will include a TOR for the IEE or EIA study, and typically provides authorization for site establishment works to commence. (iv) Environmental Clearance Certificate: The ECC will be issued by DOE upon approval of the IEE or EIA study (including associated EMP). The ECC allows

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project construction to commence and contains specific approval requirements, such as pollution control and environmental monitoring, among others.

Figure 1: Government Environmental Clearance Process

GREEN

Application contain: Application contain: Application contain: Application contain: (1) Feasibility (1) General (1) General (1) Feasibility Report Information Report Information (2) IEE Report (2) Description of (2) IEE Report and (2) Descriptionof raw (3) EMP Report TOR for EIA raw material and material and product product (4) No objection (3) EIA report and (3) No objection certificate from local (3) No objection EMP Report certificate from local authority certificate from authority (4) No objection local authority (5) Pollutant certificate from local (4) Efluent treatment Minimization Plan authority Plant Within 15 days (6) Outline of (5) Pollutant receipt of relocation plan Minimization Plan application, DOE (6) Emergency plan issue ECC Within 30 days receipt of application (7) Outline of or DOE issue ECC Within 30 days relocation plan Reject the receipt of application or DOE issue ECC application with Within 30 days receipt sufficient ground. Reject the application or with sufficient ground. of application DOE issue Reject the application ECC Such clearance with suffiecint ground or will be subject to Such clearance will be Reject the application renewal after with sufficient ground each three year subject to renewal after period each one year period Such clearance will be subject to renewal after Such clearance will be each one year period subject to renewal after each one year period

DOE = Department of Environment, EIA = environmental impact assessment, ECC = Environmental Compliance Certificate, EMP = environmental management plan, IEE = initial environmental examination, TOR = term of reference.

37. Rule 7 of the ECR provides more detailed procedure and requirements for the issuance of an ECC under each of the four categories. These are summarized as follows:

(i) Green Category Projects: (a) completed application for ECC, and the appropriate fee (shown in Schedule 13); (b) general information about the project; (c) exact description of the raw materials to be used, and the product to be manufactured (where relevant); and (d) no-objection certificate from the local authority.

(ii) Orange-A Category Projects: Same requirements as green category projects, plus the following:

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(a) process flow diagram; (b) layout plan showing location of effluent treatment plant (ETP); (c) effluent discharge arrangement; and (d) outlines of the plan for relocation and rehabilitation (if applicable).

(iii) Orange-B Category Projects: (a) completed Application for ECC, and the appropriate fee; (b) report on the feasibility of the project; (c) report on the IEE for the project, plus process flow diagram, and in the case of an industrial project, layout plan showing ETP, and ETP design; (d) report on the environmental management plan (EMP); (e) no objection certificate from the local authority; (f) emergency plan relating to adverse environmental impact and plan for mitigation of the effect of pollution; and (g) outline of the relocation and rehabilitation plan (where applicable).

(iv) Red Category Projects: Same requirements as Orange Category B, except that item (c) pertaining to IEE is amended to read as follows: (a) report on the IEE for the project, and terms of reference for the EIA; or EIA report prepared based on TOR previously approved by DOE; (b) in the case of an industrial project, layout plan showing location of ETP, process flow diagram, design, and time schedule of the ETP. 38. In summary, Table 1 below provides an overview of key Bangladesh legislative approval requirements which are relevant to the project, and the permissions required under each legislation in order to undertake the project works.

Table 1: Required Permissions for Project under Bangladesh Legislation Legislation Permission Required Purpose Permission Given By Environment DOE will issue an SCC to Conservation Act allow for a detailed EIA as per (1995) Director General of the SCC and ECC Section 12 (ECA), Rule- 7 and Environment Bangladesh DoE Form -3 of the ECR. Conservation Rules

(1997) Acquisition and To acquire and compensate Requisition of Ministry of Land and Application required for any land to be used by the Immovable Property Deputy Commissioner Project Act (1982)

C. Status of Application for Environment Clearance

39. Earlier, DWASA received an exemption of the project from undertaking any IEE since the project itself is a component of the overall project (DESWSP) that was subject to an EIA in 2014. Based on records, EIA report was prepared and submitted to DOE in August 2014. Subsequently, the EIA was approved by DOE on 21 May 2015.

40. However, over the time, additional distribution pipeline alignments were included in the project, hence the EIA required further updating. Accordingly, an updated EIA was prepared and submitted to DOE in 2018 for approval and issuance of environmental clearance. A copy of the latest ECC in relation to the updated EIA is attached as Appendix 2.

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D. Other Relevant National Policies, Acts, Rules and Strategies

41. In addition to the ECA and ECR, there are a number of other policies, plans and strategies which deal with the water sector, agricultural development, coastal area, protected area disaster management and climate change.

42. Environmental Courts Act, 2000. The Environment Court Act, 2000 has been enacted in order to establish environmental courts in each administrative division of Bangladesh. This Act sets out policy for effective pursuance and completion of legal proceedings related to environmental crimes. Under this Act the Director General of the DOE has the power to impose heavy penalties to industrial polluters who are dumping untreated wastewater into the environment or not operating their legally mandated effluent treatment plants.

43. Relevance to the project. According to this act, government can take legal actions if any environmental problem occurs due to project interventions.

44. Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan (BCCSAP) 2009. The Government of Bangladesh prepared the Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan (BCCSAP) in 2008 and revised in 2009. This is a comprehensive strategy to address climate change challenges in Bangladesh. It is built around the following six themes: (i) Food security, social protection and health to ensure that the poorest and most vulnerable in society, including women and children, are protected from climate change. All programs focus on the needs of this group for food security, safe housing, employment and access to basic services, including health. (ii) Comprehensive disaster management to further strengthen the country’s already proven disaster management systems to deal with increasingly frequent and severe natural calamities. (iii) Infrastructure to ensure that existing assets (e.g., coastal and river embankments) are well maintained and fit for purpose and that urgently needed infrastructures (cyclone shelters and urban drainage) is put in place to deal with the likely impacts of climate change. (iv) Research and Knowledge management to predict that the likely scale and timing of climate change impacts on different sectors of economy and socioeconomic groups; to underpin future investment strategies; and to ensure that Bangladesh is networked into the latest global thinking on climate change. (v) Mitigation and low carbon development to evolve low carbon development options and implement these as the country’s economy grows over the coming decades. (vi) Capacity building and Institutional strengthening to enhance the capacity government ministries, civil society and private sector to meet the challenge of climate change.

45. Relevance to the project. Relevant as the country is vulnerable to climate change effect. Climate risk and vulnerability assessment has been undertaken, and results of the assessment are considered in the project design.

46. National Water Policy 1999. The National Water Policy was promulgated in 1999 with the intention of guiding both public and private actions to ensure optimal development and management of water in order to benefit both individuals and the society at large. The policy aims to ensure progress towards fulfilling national goals of economic development, poverty alleviation, food security, public health and safety, a decent standard of living for the people and protection

11 of the natural environment. According to the policy, all agencies and departments entrusted with water resource management responsibilities (regulation, planning, construction, operation and maintenance) will have to enhance environmental amenities and ensure that environmental resources are protected and restored while executing their activities. Environmental needs and objectives will be treated equally with the resources management needs. The policy has several clauses related to the protection and conservation of the natural environment to ensure sustainable development.

47. Relevance to the project. Clause 4.6b of this policy states that natural depressions and water bodies in major urban areas must be preserved in order to recharge of underground aquifers and rainwater management. Moreover, measures must be taken to minimize disruption to the natural aquatic environment in streams and water channels (Clause 4.9b). In addition, this policy requires each water resources development project or rehabilitation program to give full consideration to environmental protection, restoration and enhancement measures consistent with National Environmental Management Action Plan (NEMAP) and the National Water Management Plan (NWMP) and adhere to a formal environment impact assessment (EIA) process, if required by the Government (Clause 4.12a and clause 4.12b). These measures and requirements have been considered in the development of herein EMP of the project.

48. National Safe Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Policy 1998. The National Safe Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Policy (NSDWSSP, 1998) was adopted in 1998, and sets out the basic framework for the improvement of public health quality and to ensure an improved environment, together with a set of broad sectoral action guidelines. The policy offers the following various objectives to achieve the goal:

(i) To manage water supply and sanitation related basic needs for all; (ii) To bring about a positive change of peoples’ attitude towards water and sanitation; (iii) To reduce the outbreak of water-borne diseases; (iv) To increase the efficiency of the Local Government and associated communities for handling the problems related to water supply and sanitation; (v) To improve sustainable water supply and sanitation system; (vi) To promote proper conservation, management and use of surface water and to control water pollution in light of the scarcity of groundwater; and (vii) To take necessary steps to capture and use rain water.

49. Relevance to the project. The project is but one of the initiatives needed to realize the objectives of the policy. Once completed and operational, the overall project will help Dhaka City attain a more stable and sustainable drinking water supply for the years to come.

50. The Forest Act (1927) and the Forest (Amendment) Act (2000). The Forest Act (1927) was enacted to control trespass, illegal resources extraction from forests and to provide a framework for the forestry revenue collection system. It is the main legislative context for forestry protection and management in Bangladesh. The Act allows for the notification of forest reserves in which the government, through the Forest Department, regulates the felling, extraction and transport of forestry produce in Bangladesh. The Act grants the government several basic powers, largely for conservation and protection of government forests, and limited powers for private forests.

51. Relevance to the project. The Act is relevant to the project as construction of the Project will require cutting some trees. Any cutting of trees along the alignments of proposed pipeline network would require relevant government permission under the Act. This IEE emphasizes that

12 all required statutory clearances or permissions shall be obtained prior to any construction activities.

52. Water Supply and Sewerage Authority Act, 1996. This act regulates the management and control of water supply and sanitation in urban areas. It gives power to the government to establish Water Supply and Sanitation Authorities (WASAs) in any area. It permits WASAs to carryout works related to water supply, sewerage systems, solid waste collection and drainage. It also describes the composition of the WASA Board and delineates responsibilities between the Board and the Managing Director.

53. Relevance to the project. The Act provides the legal mandate of DWASA as the implementing agency of the project. The responsibilities of DWASA are discussed in Section VII of this IEE report and in the project administration manual.

54. Bangladesh Public Procurement Rule (PPR), 2008. This rule applies to the Procurement of Goods, Works or Services by any government, semi-government or any statutory body established under any law. The rule includes the adequate measure regarding the safety, security and protection of the environment in construction works. This Rule also includes provision that the design-build contractor shall take all reasonable steps to (i) safeguard the health and safety of all workers working on the site and other persons entitled to be on it, and to keep the site in an orderly state, and (ii) protect the environment on and off the site and to avoid damage or nuisance to persons or to property of the public or others resulting from pollution, noise or other causes arising as a consequence of the design-build contractor’s methods of operation.

55. Relevance to the project. The Rule is relevant to the project as all construction activities will be undertaken by design-build contractor who will be engaged through the government procurement process that is consistent with related ADB procurement policies. This IEE emphasizes the environmental requirements to be included in bid and contract documents and ensure compliance with ADB SPS and government laws, rules and regulations.

E. Legislation Relating to Occupational Health and Safety

56. Relevant legislations on occupational health and safety are presented in the below Table.

Table 2: Relevance of Occupational Health and Safety Legislation Title of Laws and Rules Relevance Social Security under the According to the Act social impact assessment includes the processes of Act, 1923 and an analyzing, monitoring and managing the intended and unintended social amendment in 1980 consequences, both positive and negative of planned interventions (policies, programs, plans, projects) and any social change processes invoked by those interventions. Bangladesh Labor Law of Compliance to the provisions on employment standards, occupational 2006 safety and health, welfare and social protection, labor relations and social dialogue, and enforcement.

Prohibition of employment of children and adolescent. The Employer's Liability Act, The Act declares that the doctrine of common employment and of 1938 assumed risk shall not be raised as a defense in suits for damages in respect of employment injuries. Under the Maternity Benefit Act, 1939, the Maternity Benefit Act, 1950, the Mines Maternity Benefit Act, 1941, and finally the rules framed thereunder, female employees are entitled to

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Title of Laws and Rules Relevance various benefits for maternity, but in practice they enjoy leave of 6 weeks before and 6 weeks after delivery. Public Health (Emergency The ordinance calls for special provisions with regard to public health. Provisions) Ordinance, 1994 Whereas an emergency has arisen, it is necessary to make special provision for preventing the spread of human disease, safeguarding public health and providing them adequate medical service and other services essential to the health of respective community and workers in particular during the construction related work. The Employees State It has to be noted that health, injury and sickness benefit should be paid Insurance Act, 1948 to people, particularly respective workers at workplace under the Act. Bangladesh Factory Act, The Act requires every workplace including small or large scale 1979 construction where women are employed to have an arrangement of childcare services. Based on this Act and Labor Laws - medical facilities, first aid and accident and emergency arrangements are to be provided by the authority to the workers at workplaces.

F. Relevant International Environmental Agreements

57. Table 3 below lists the relevant international environmental agreements that the government is party to, and their relevance to the project.

Table 3: International Environmental Conventions Relevant to the Project Activities International Environmental Agreement Year Ratified Details Relevance United Nations 1997 Parties to take precautionary The project is subject to impact of Framework measures to anticipate, prevent climate change. Engineering Convention on or minimize the causes of designs of the project consider Climate climate change and mitigate its climate change impacts, such as Change adverse effects. flooding and river water level rise. (UNFCCC) A climate change vulnerability assessment has been conducted for the geographic coverage of the project, and results were considered in the project design. Paris 1983 Parties to ensure the protection The excavation works may Convention on and conservation of the cultural impact undiscovered Protection of and natural heritage situated on underground cultural and natural the World territory of, and primarily heritage relics during Cultural and belonging to, the State construction phase. The project Natural environmental management plan Heritage, 1972 (EMP) ensures measures for chance finds. Ramsar 1992 Parties to conserve and wisely Bangladesh has two Ramsar Convention on use wetlands (i.e., maintaining Sites, namely: (i) parts of Wetlands of their ecological character) as a Sundarban Reserved Forest International contribution towards achieving (Southwest of Bangladesh), and Importance, sustainable development locally (ii) Tanguar Haor Northeast of 1971 and throughout the world Bangladesh). These are too far from the project sites. However, excavation and pipelaying works may impact other wetlands. The project EMP ensures measures

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International Environmental Agreement Year Ratified Details Relevance are in place to protect significant wetland and prevent draining or filling into the wetlands during construction. Convention on 1997 Parties to require the No sensitive areas or species of Biological environmental assessment of concern is found within or near Diversity, 1992 projects that are likely to have the project area. There is no significant adverse effects on threat to the conservation of flora biological diversity with a view of or fauna. In remote case that avoiding or minimizing such unique species not previously effects identified might be discovered during construction works along the alignments, the EMP ensures measures to protect biodiversity, if any.

G. Environmental Standards

58. The ECR, 1997 also provides the environmental standards applicable to the project. Schedule 2 presents the national standards for ambient air quality, Schedule 3 presents the standards for drinking water, and Schedule 4 presents the national standards for ambient noise. Following requirements of ADB SPS, the project shall apply pollution prevention and control technologies and practices consistent with international good practice, as reflected in EHS Guidelines. When the government regulations differ from these levels and measures, the executing agency shall achieve whichever is more stringent. If less stringent levels or measures are appropriate in view of specific project circumstances, the executing agency will provide full and detailed justification for any proposed alternatives that are consistent with the requirements presented in ADB SPS. In view of this, Table 4, Table 5, and Table 6 show the ambient air quality standards, drinking water quality standards, and noise level standards to be followed by the project.

Table 4: Ambient Air Quality Standards Applicable to WHO Air Quality Guidelines ADB-funded (µg/m3) Projects Per Global Updateb Second ADB Safeguard 2005 Editionc Bangladesh Ambient Policy 2000 Air Quality Standard Statementd Parameter (µg/m3)a (µg/m3) TSP 200 (8-h) - - 200 (8-h) PM10 50 (1-year) 50 (24-h) - 50 (24-h) 150 (24-h) 500 (10-min) PM2.5 15 (1-year) 10 (1-year) - 25 (24-h) 65 (24-h) 25 (24-h) SO2 80 (1-year) 20 (24-h) - 20 (24-h) 365 (24-h) 500 (10-min) NO2 100 (1-year) 40 (1-year) - 40 (1-year) 200 (1-h) 200 (1-h)

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Applicable to WHO Air Quality Guidelines ADB-funded (µg/m3) Projects Per Global Updateb Second ADB Safeguard 2005 Editionc Bangladesh Ambient Policy 2000 Air Quality Standard Statementd Parameter (µg/m3)a (µg/m3) CO 10,000 (8-h) - 10,000 (8-h) 10,000 (8-h) 40,000 (1-h) 100,000 (15- min) Lead 0.5 (1-year) 0.5 (1-year) Ozone (O3) 235 (1-h) 100 (8-h) 100 (8-h) 157 (8-h) ADB = Asian Development Bank, CO = carbon monoxide, h = hour, µg/m3 = microgram per cubic meter, min = minute, NO2 = nitrogen dioxide, PM2.5 = particulate matter 2.5 microns, PM10 = particulate matter 10 microns, SO2 = sulfur dioxide, TSP = total suspended particle, WHO = World Health Organization. a Based on SRO 220-Law 2005 (Amendment of Schedule 2 of ECR, 1997). Air Quality Management Project of Bangladesh http://www.doe-bd.org/aqmp/standard.html b IFC World Bank Group. 2007. Environmental, Health and Safety General Guidelines. Washington, D.C. c WHO Regional Office for Europe. 2000. Air Quality Guidelines for Europe, Second Edition. Copenhagen. d If less stringent levels or measures are appropriate in view of specific project circumstances, executing agency will provide full and detailed justification for any proposed alternatives that are consistent with the requirements presented in ADB SPS.

Table 5: Applicable Drinking Water Quality Standards WHO Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality Applicable to ADB- 4th Edition funded Projects per National Standards for Drinking Water incorporating the first ADB Safeguard (Schedule 3, Rule 12B of ECR 1997) addendum, 2017 Policy Statemente Parameter Unit Standards Aluminum mg/l 0.2 None established 0.2

Ammonia (NH3) mg/l 0.5 None established 0.5 Arsenic mg/l 0.05 0.01 0.01

Barium mg/l 0.01 1.3 0.01 Benzene mg/l 0.01 0.01b 0.01 BOD5 20°C mg/l 0.2 - 0.2 Boron mg/ 1.0 2.4 1.0 Cadmium mg/l 0.005 0.003 0.003 Calcium mg/l 75 - 75 Chloride mg/l 150 – 600a None established 150-600 Chlorinated alkanes Carbon tetrachloride mg/l 0.01 0.004 0.01 1,1-Dichloroethylene mg/l 0.001 - 0.001

1,2-Dichloroethylene mg/l 0.03 0.05 0.03 (1,2-Dichloroethene) Tetrachloroethylene mg/l 0.03 0.04 (tetrachloroethene) 0.03 Trichloroethylene mg/l 0.09 0.02 (trichloroethene) 0.02 Chlorinated phenols

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WHO Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality Applicable to ADB- 4th Edition funded Projects per National Standards for Drinking Water incorporating the first ADB Safeguard (Schedule 3, Rule 12B of ECR 1997) addendum, 2017 Policy Statemente Pentachlorophenol mg/l 0.03 0.009 0.0009 2,4,6 -Trichlorophenol mg/l 0.03 0.2 0.03 (2,4,6 trichlorophenol) Chlorine (residual) mg/l 0.2 0.2c 0.2 Chloroform mg/l 0.09 0.3 0.09 Chromium (hexavalent) mg/l 0.05 0.05 0.05 Chromium mg/l 0.05 0.05 0.05 COD mg/l 4 - .4 Coliform (fecal) n/100 ml 0 Must not be detectable Must not be in any 100 ml sample detectable in any 100 ml sample Coliform (total) n/100 ml 0 Must not be detectable Must not be in any 100 ml sample detectable in any 100 ml sample Color Hazen 15 None 15 unit Copper mg/l 1 2 1

Cyanide Mg/l 0.1 None 0.1 Detergents mg/l 0.2 - 0.2 DO mg/l 6 - 6 Fluoride mg/l 1 1.5 1 Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/l 200 – 500 - 200-500 Iron mg/l 0.3 – 1.0 - 0.3 - 1.0 Kjeldahl nitrogen (total) mg/l 1 - 1 Lead mg/l 0.05 0.01 0.01 Magnesium mg/l 30 – 35 - 30-35 Manganese mg/l 0.1 - 0.1 Mercury mg/l 0.001 0.006 0.001 Nickel mg/l 0.1 0.07 0.1 Nitrate mg/l 10 50 10 Nitrite mg/l <1 3 <1 Odor mg/l Odorless - Odorless Oil and grease mg/l 0.01 - 0.01 pH -- 6.5 – 8.5 - 6.5 – 8.5 Phenolic compounds mg/l 0.002 - 0.002 Phosphate mg/l 6 - 6 Phosphorus mg/l 0 - 0 Potassium mg/l 12 - 12 Radioactive materials (gross Bq/l 0.01 - 0.01 alpha activity) Radioactive materials (gross Bq/l 0.1 - 0.1 beta activity) Selenium mg/l 0.01 0.04 0.01

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WHO Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality Applicable to ADB- 4th Edition funded Projects per National Standards for Drinking Water incorporating the first ADB Safeguard (Schedule 3, Rule 12B of ECR 1997) addendum, 2017 Policy Statemente Silver mg/l 0.02 - 0.02

Sodium mg/l 200 200 Suspended particulate mg/l 10 - 10 matters Sulfide mg/l 0 - 0 Sulfate mg/l 400 - 400 Total dissolved solids mg/l 1,000 - 1,000 Temperature °C 20-30 - 20-30 Tin mg/l 2 - 2 Turbidity NTU 10d - 10 Zinc mg/l 5 - 5 a In coastal area 1000. Reference: Bangladesh Gazette, Addendum, August 28,1997 Source: Department of Environment (DOE). b For substances that are considered carcinogenic, the guidance value is the concentration in drinking water associated with an upper-bound excess lifetime cancer risk of 10-5 (one additional case of cancer per 100,000 of the population ingesting drinking water containing the substance as the guidance value for 70 years). Concentrations associated with upper-bound estimated excess lifetime cancer risks of 10-4 and 10-6 can be calculated by multiplying and dividing, respectively, the guideline value by 10 (WHO, 2017). C For effective disinfection, there should be residual concentration of free chlorine of > 0.5 mg/l after at least 30min contact time at pH < 8.0. A chlorine residual should be maintained throughout the distribution system. At the point of delivery, the minimum residual concentration of free chlorine should be 0.2 mg/l. d The FS advises producing treated water that conforms to WHO guidelines and Bangladesh drinking water quality ECR 1997. One of the two most important parameters reduced by the WTP is turbidity (the other is microbiological matter, by providing a multi-stage barrier). In Section 10.3, the FS quotes WHO and Bangladesh standards of 10 and 5 NTU respectively. We recommend that the turbidity in the treated water leaving the WTP should never exceed 1.0 NTU and that the operational guideline should be set at 0.5 NTU, to be achieved 95% of the time. The design of the process units and their controls should accommodate these recommendations. Operational procedures must be devised to achieve these recommendations. Computerized monitoring equipment must be provided and staff trained in its use to display real-time trends and record events. Laboratory staff must monitor, record, and report treated water quality parameters to review past trends and predict operational changes, if required. e If less stringent levels or measures are appropriate in view of specific project circumstances, the executing agency will provide full and detailed justification for any proposed alternatives that are consistent with the requirements presented in ADB SPS.

Table 6: Ambient Noise Quality Standards National Noise WHO Guidelines Value Applicable Per ADB Standard For Noise Levels Measured Safeguard Policy Guidelines, 2006a Out of Doorsb Statementc Receptor/ (dB) (One Hour LAq in dBA) (dBA) Source Day Night 07:00 – 22:00 22:00 – 07:00 Day time Night time Industrial area 75 70 70 70 70 70 Commercial area 70 60 70 70 70 60 Mixed Area 60 50 55 45 55 45 Residential Area 55 45 55 45 55 45 Silent Zone 50 40 55 45 50 40 a Schedule 4 of ECR, 1997 (as amended in 2006). b WHO. 1999. Guidelines for Community Noise; World Bank Group. 2007. Environmental, Health and Safety General Guidelines. Washington, D.C. c If less stringent levels or measures are appropriate in view of specific project circumstances, the executing agency will provide full and detailed justification for any proposed alternatives that are consistent with the requirements presented in ADB SPS.

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III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

A. Existing Water Supply Situation and Need for the Project

59. At present DWASA provides around 2400 MLD of water per day to the population of Dhaka. Approximately 85% of this water comes from over 600 deep tube wells (production tube wells) spread throughout the city area. The aggregate transmission and distribution network length is around 3,000 km with over 250,000 service connections. The project is needed because DWASA presently provides an inadequate water supply service to the residents of Dhaka, which has insufficient pressure, suffers significant losses, is rapidly depleting the groundwater resource, and delivers insufficient cost recovery to the government. The project will address all of these issues by refurbishing the existing network to repair leaks, increase capacity and pressure, remove illegal connections, and provide a new system of metering to streamline leak detection and aid cost recovery.

B. Ongoing Packages Under Dhaka Environmentally Sustainable Water Supply Project

60. The ongoing Dhaka Environmentally Sustainable Water Supply Project (DESWSP) is currently implementing works packages, which improve the water supply system from source intake to primary distribution lines. These are: Package 1, Package 2, and Package 3.1. DESWSP intends to withdraw up to 1,050 MLD from Meghna River in two phases for transmission to Dhaka city and for distribution after treatment (Figure 2 and Figure 3).

61. Package 1 or P1 consists of the following components:

(i) Construction of an intake at the village of Bishnondi from the Meghna River, with pumping and other facilities to deliver an uninterrupted supply of water into the transmission mains. This intends to withdraw up to 1,050 MLD from Meghna River in two phases for transmission to Dhaka city and for distribution after treatment; (ii) Construction of 22 km. raw water transmission pipelines connecting the raw water intake with the Gandharbpur water treatment plant (WTP); (iii) Construction of a 500-MLD surface water treatment plant at Gandharbpur;

62. Package 2 or P2 includes construction of 14 km. treated water transmission mains from the Gandharbpur treatment plant to the injection point connecting with the distribution system inside Dhaka.

63. Package 3.1 or P3.1 is the primary distribution network, with an aggregate length of 23 km.

C. The Project

64. The proposed DESWSP – Additional Financing (DESWSP-AF) will finance a new package (Package 3.2 or P3.2) consisting of secondary distribution pipeline with 43 km in length and 0.4-0.8 m diameter that will be connected to DMAs as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3. Package 3.2 will complement the ongoing packages of DESWSP.

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Figure 2: Location of the P1, P2, P3.1 and P3.2 components

Figure 3: Project Area of P1, P2, P3.1 and P3.2 components (Google Earth)

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D. Project Area

65. P3.1 is the primary distribution water pipelines, with diameter of 0.8 – 1.4 m, starting from US Embassy to Utarra. DMA. P3.2 is the secondary distribution system of pipelines, with diameter of 0.4 – 0.8 m, will be connected to DMAs. Locations of the P3.1 and P3.2 alignments are presented in Figure 4.

Figure 4: Location Map of P2, P3.1 and P 3.2

66. The P3.2 reinforcements start from US Embassy to DMAs at Uttara and Airport areas. Other various elements of P3.2 component are shown in Table 7 below.

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Table 7: Other Elements of the P3.2 Sl. No Component Elements Package Distribution reinforcement of 43 km length: • Access road earthworks 3.2 Small distribution pipe to DMA (Additional • River crossings area) • Ancillary pipeline structures and infrastructure • Valves • Thrust blocks

67. From the injection point, feeder mains, with diameter of 1.0 – 1.80 m, will be laid along major arterial roads, connecting at strategic points based on the Dhaka water distribution model designed and operated for DWASA.

Table 8: Section-wise Description of P3.2 Alignments Sl. Section (in meter) Description Remarks No 1. Branch D1 Pipeline dia 355mm HDPE pipe starts from >4m busy and North Badda Bus stand point along Satarkul congested road road single carriageway concrete road of DNCC towards east direction. 2. Branch D2 Pipeline dia 355mm HDPE pipe starts from High traffic Madday Badda Progoti Sarani along Gulshan density VIP road link road towards west. Dual carriageway bituminous road of DNCC with a culvert crossing at Gulshan lake. 3. Branch D3 Pipeline dia 400mm HDPE pipe starts from >4m busy and Merul Badda along Post office road towards congested road east. Single carriageway gravel / concrete road of DNCC. 4. Branch C1 Pipeline dia 355mm HDPE pipes starts from opposite side of Sayednagar Project connecting road from Madani Avenue. 5. Branch E1 Pipeline dia 400 HDPE pipe starts from Kakoli Rail crossing at roundabout along Airport road towards Soinik club. Cantonment through soinik club rail crossing. Dual carriageway bituminous road of RHD and Cantonment Board. 6. Branch E1.1 Pipeline dia 355 HDPE pipe starts from Rajani >4m busy road Gandha supermarket at Kafrul towards south to Ibrahimpur. Dual carriageway bituminous road of DNCC. 7. Branch E1.2 Pipeline dia 355 HDPE pipe starts from Rajani >4m busy road Gandha supermarket at Kafrul towards north to Mirpur 14. Dual carriageway bituminous road of DNCC. 8. Branch F1 Pipeline dia 355 HDPE pipe starts from Norda >4m busy and Bus stand of Progoti Sarani towards west along congested road Kalachandpur road. Single carriageway bituminous road of DNCC.

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Sl. Section (in meter) Description Remarks No 9. Branch F2 Pipeline dia 355 HDPE pipe starts from Lake crossing Basundhara gate of Progoti Sarani towards east witn Basundhara along Basundhara area road to Salmaid Double R/A carriageway bituminous road of DNCC. 10. Branch F3 Pipeline dia 400 HDPE pipe starts from Kuril pipeline crossing shaft location towards east along Purbachal express highway. 4 lane bituminous road of RAJUK. 11. Branch G1 Pipeline dia 355 HDPE pipe starts from Zoar Sahara towards south. Single carriageway bituminous road of DNCC. 12. Branch G2 Pipeline dia 355 HDPE pipe starts from Matikata >4m busy and towards west along Bhasantek road. Single congested road carriageway bituminous road of DNCC. 13. Branch G3 Pipeline dia 355 HDPE pipe starts from Matikata towards west Single carriageway bituminous road of DNCC. 14. Branch G4 Pipeline dia 710 and 560 HDPE pipe starts from 4m busy and ECB circle towards north along Manikdi road. congested road Single carriageway bituminous road of DNCC.

15. Branch H2 Pipeline dia 355 HDPE pipe starts from Airport Rail crossing at circle towards east along Askona road. Single starting of carriageway bituminous road of DNCC. Askona road 16. Branch H3 Pipeline dia 500 and 355 HDPE pipe starts Rail crossing at from Sayesta Khan Avenue towards east along Kosaibari Bazar Kosaibari road at Dakkhin Khan. Single carriageway bituminous road of DNCC. 17. Branch H5 Pipeline dia 710 and 355 HDPE pipe starts from Rail crossing at Shahjalal avenue towards east up to Kotbari rail Azompur station road. Single carriageway bituminous road of DNCC. 18. Branch J1 Pipeline dia 710, 630 & 355 HDPE pipe starts Lake crossing from Sonargaon Jonopath morh towards north along Garibe Newaz road up to Kamar para. Dual carriageway bituminous road of DNCC. 19. Branch J1.1 Pipeline dia 355 HDPE pipe starts from Road No-1 towards west along Fulbaria road. Single carriageway bituminous road of DNCC. 20. Branch J1.2 Pipeline dia 560 HDPE pipe starts from Kamar para towards west along Ranabhola road up to Bamnartek. Single carriageway bituminous road of DNCC. 21. Branch J 1.2.1 Pipeline dia 355 HDPE pipe starts from Bamnartek towards north up to Thana road. Single carriageway gravel road of DNCC. 22. Branch J2 Pipeline dia 400 HDPE pipe starts from west end of Sonargaon Janopath Road towards south up to sector 12 of Uttara. Dual carriageway gravel road of DNCC.

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Sl. Section (in meter) Description Remarks No 23. Branch J3 Pipeline dia 710 HDPE pipe starts from Rupayan city towards west Songom point of Uttara Residential Model town. Dual carriageway gravel road of DNCC. 24. Branch K1 Pipeline dia 400 HDPE pipe starts from Jasimuddin Road towards north up to Uttara sector 5. Dual carriageway gravel road of DNCC. 25. Branch K2 Pipeline dia 800 DI pipe starts from Jasimuddin Lake crossing Road towards west along Baunia road up to Uttara sector 15. Dual carriageway gravel road of DNCC. 26. Branch K2.1 Pipeline dia 355 HDPE pipe starts from Block K Lake crossing at towards north along Songom Avenue 2 up to Block B Uttara Residential Model Town. Dual carriageway gravel road of DNCC. 27. Branch K2.1.1 Pipeline dia 450 HDPE pipe starts from Avenue Lake crossing 1 towards west up along avenue 3 up to Sector 18. Dual carriageway gravel road of DNCC.

28. Branch K2.1.1.2 Pipeline dia 355 HDPE pipe starts from sector 16 Under towards north and south along lake 10 at sector construction 16. Single carriageway gravel road of DNCC.

29. Branch K.2.2 Pipeline dia 800 & 355 HDPE pipe starts from Lake crossing Block K towards south up to Mirpur DOHS. Dual carriageway gravel road of DNCC.

E. Project Goals and Objectives

68. The objective DESWSP-AF is to implement a 43-km distribution network designed to interconnect major distribution pipelines to households in selected areas of Dhaka City. This proposed pipeline network, referred to as Package 3.2 or P3.2, will complement the water supply components being built under the ongoing DESWSP.

F. Implementation Schedule

69. The implementation schedule of P3.2 is anticipated from August 2021 to December 2024.

IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

A. Physical Resources in Project Area

70. As part of the IEE, an environmental survey was carried out in areas surrounding the project site. The specific objectives of the survey were to (i) gather information on the existing physical, biological, and ecological environment, and socio-economic conditions of the areas in and around the project sites; and (ii) gather and assess peoples’ perception on different aspects of the proposed project in and around the project area.

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71. This section describes the existing physical environment of areas in and around the project site based on the baseline survey and other studies carried out as a part of the present study, including secondary information from literature, online resources and other similar projects in Dhaka City. Relevant information on climate, topography and drainage, geology and soils, hydrology and water resources, air quality, noise level, and water quality have been described in this section.

1. Topography

72. Dhaka is located in central Bangladesh on the eastern banks of the Buriganga River. The city lies on the lower reaches of the Ganges Delta and covers a total area of 815.85 km2. It consists of seven principal thanas (administrative areas) — Dhanmondi, Kotwali, Motijheel, Paltan, Ramna, Mohammadpur, Sutrapur, Tejgaon — and 14 auxiliary thanas — Gulshan, Lalbagh, Mirpur, Pallabi, Sabujbagh, Dhaka Cantonment, Demra, Hazaribagh, Shyampur, Badda, Kafrul, Kamrangir char, Khilgaon and Uttara. In total the city has 130 Wards and 725 mohallas. Dhaka district has an area of 1463.60 km2; and is bounded by the districts of Gazipur, Tangail, Munshiganj, Rajbari, Narayanganj, Manikganj. Tropical vegetation and moist soils characterize the land, which is flat and close to sea level. This leaves Dhaka susceptible to flooding during the monsoon seasons owing to heavy rainfall and cyclones.

2. Climate

73. Located to the North of the Tropic of Cancer, the North Central Region (NCR) of Bangladesh has a sub-tropical monsoon climate with more sharply defined seasons than the much of the rest of the country. The water year is defined as beginning on April and ending on March. It is divided into four distinct seasons, as follows:

(i) Pre-monsoon : April to May; (ii) Monsoon : June to September; (iii) Post-Monsoon : October to November; and (iv) Dry season : December to March.

74. For about four months in winter (December through March), air flows from the north-east, while for about four months in summer (June through September) it flows from the south-west. These airflows (monsoons) are respectively the “north-east monsoon” and the “south-west monsoon”. Agricultural activity is closely linked to the monsoon periods, rabi crops (mainly boro rice) being cultivated with irrigation during the dry north-east monsoon, while kharif crops (almost exclusively aus and aman rice) are grown during the south-west monsoon when the rainfall is abundant.

75. The first inter-monsoon reversal occurs in April-May, when the change of wind direction is from north-east to south-west via the north-west. The second occurs in October-November, when the change is from south-west to north-east via the south-east. These periods of changing wind direction correspond to the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons.

76. The pre-monsoon hot season is characterized by high temperatures and thunderstorms. April is the hottest month in the country with mean temperatures ranging from 27°C in the east and south, to 31°C in the west-central part of the country. After April, increasing cloud-cover reduces the temperature. Wind direction is variable during this season, especially during the early part. Rainfall, mostly caused by thunderstorms, at this time can account for 10 to 25 percent of the annual total.

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77. Southerly or south-westerly winds, very high humidity, heavy rainfall and long periods of consecutive days of rainfall characterize the rainy season, which coincides with the summer monsoon. This is caused by the tropical depression that enters the country from the Bay of Bengal. About 80% of the annual precipitation occurs during the four months’ monsoon season from June to September.

78. Low temperatures, cool air blowing from the west or northwest, clear skies and low rainfall characterize the cool dry season. The average temperature in January varies from 17°C in the northwest and north-eastern parts of the country to 20°C to 21°C in the coastal areas. Minimum temperatures in the extreme northwest in late December and early January reach between 3°C to 4°C.

79. Several climatic zones occur within Bangladesh. Mean maximum temperature is rarely above 32°C but mean minimum is 10°C and below. Average humidity is relatively high and winter rain is minor.

80. Dhaka experiences a hot, wet and humid tropical climate. The city is within the monsoon climate zone, with an annual average temperature of 25°C and monthly means varying between 18°C in January and 29°C in August. Nearly 80 percent of the annual average rainfall of 1,854 millimeters occurs between May and September. Dhaka is facing serious environmental threats from pollution caused by the city's rapid expansion, congestion and industrial activities. Increasing air and water pollution emanating from traffic congestion and industrial waste is affecting public health and the quality of life in the city. Water bodies and wetlands around Dhaka are facing extinction as they are filled in to construct multi-storied buildings and other real estate developments. Coupled with pollution, such erosion of natural habitats threatens to destroy much of the regional biodiversity.

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3. Geology

81. Dhaka is situated on the southern tip of a Pleistocene terrace, the Madhupur Tract. Two characteristic geological units cover the city and surrounding areas; the Madhupur Clay of the Pleistocene age and alluvial deposits of recent age. The Madhupur Clay is the oldest sediment exposed in and around the city area and characterized by reddish plastic clay with silt and very fine sand particles. This Madhupur Clay unconformable overlies the Dupi Tila Sand of Plio Pleistocene age, which is composed of medium to coarse yellowish-brown sand and occasional gravel.

82. The channels and depressions within the city are floored by recent alluvial floodplain deposits and are subdivided into Lowland Alluvium and Highland Alluvium. The alluvial deposits are composed of fine sand, silt and clay in different combinations.

83. The alluvial soils of these floodplains mainly consist of ridges of loamy material like silty clays and silty sands with large areas of shallow clays in the basins. The soil pattern can become more irregular close to river channels due to more recent deposits. With regard to the youngest activities (natural as well as anthropogenic) organic soils of swamps may be found locally as well as areas where the ground level has been raised using loose sands (hydraulic sand filling) dredged and pumped from nearby rivers.

4. Seismic Activity

84. Bangladesh is situated within a seismically active zone and frequent occurrence of earthquakes in nearby regions is quite evident in recent history. The region, comprising Bangladesh, North-East India, Nepal and Myanmar, experience frequent earthquakes due to the collision of the Indian plate, moving northeast, with the Eurasian plate. The Indian plate is currently moving ~6cm/yr in a northeast direction and is subducting under the Eurasian and the Burmese plates in the north and east, respectively.8

85. Bangladesh has experienced numerous earthquakes over the past few centuries. There were catastrophic earthquakes in 1762 and 1787 that were so severe that they diverted the flow of rivers and are believed to have been partially responsible for the diversion of the Old Brahmaputra River to the Jamuna Channel, as well as other topographical impacts9 (Rizvi, 1969). Since 1860, over 20 intermediate and major earthquakes have been recorded with epicenters in Bangladesh. In 1993, Bangladesh National Building Code has adapted a seismic zoning map (Ali & Choudhury, 1994) consisting of three seismic zones. The map is based on peak ground accelerations estimated for a return period of 200 years (Hattori, 1979). Based on the seismic coefficient,10 Zone I is the most severe and Zone III the least. The project area falls within Zone II. This means that shocks of moderate intensity are possible, with a probable maximum magnitude of 6.5-7 on the Richter scale.

8 Sella, Giovanni F.; Dixon, Timothy H.; Mao, Ailin (2002). REVEL: A model for recent plate velocities from space geodesy. Journal of Geophysical Research, pp 1-30. 9 Rizvi, S. N. H. (1969). Bangladesh District Gazetteers, Dhaka. Bangladesh Government Press, Dhaka. 10 Hossain (1998) & Zahirudding (1993).

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5. Air Quality

86. The presence of gaseous pollutants, like Carbon Monoxide (CO), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Oxide (NOx), Ozone (O3) and Methane (CH4) has been found by the DoE in the air of Dhaka city in alarming quantity. But more alarming is the presence of fine dust (particulate pollutants or particulate matter) in the air. Most damaging particles are of the sizes of 10 microns’ diameter and smaller (PM 10 and 2.5) as they can penetrate and lodge deep inside the lungs. According to the WHO, chronic exposure to such particles increases the risks of developing cardiovascular and respiratory diseases and even cancer in the lung and the urinary tract or bladder in human body.

87. The Department of Environment (DOE) of Bangladesh acknowledges the threat and is working to keep air pollution in check under the Clean Air and Sustainable Environment (CASE) project. To abate air pollution risks, CASE project monitors and publishes the air quality charts on monthly basis.

88. Seven air quality sampling locations of ongoing ADB-funded Dhaka Water Supply Network Improvement Project (ADB Loan 3397) are located adjacent to the proposed pipeline alignment of P3.2, which were taken as representative sample. Accordingly, tests were conducted for two hours from 10 February 2020 to 16 July 2020 for carbon monoxide (CO), nitric oxide (NOx), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulphur dioxide (SO2), suspended particulate matter, particulate matter of 10 micron or less in diameter (PM10) and particulate matter of 2.5 micron or less in diameter (PM2.5). Test results are furnished in Table 9 below, and copies of laboratory test reports are attached in the Appendix 3.

Table 9: Ambient Air Quality Test Result Parameters Sampling Site Location PM10 PM 2.5 SPM SOx NOx CO ID µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 ppm Sector 5, Uttara AAQ01 230 51’48’’.665N 134 50 200 21 25 6 900 23’19’’.604E Shah Kabir Mazar Road AAQ02 230 52’1’’.171N 119 53 186 17 11 5 900 24’30’’.935E Kosai Bazar, South Mollartek AAQ03 230 51’12’’.625N 127 59 193 9 10 7 900 24’33’’.372E Dakshinkhan Bus Stop AAQ04 230 51’31’’.838N 120 47 189 15 13 4 900 25’14’’.171E Sector 11, Garebe Nawaz, AAQ05 Uttara 73.21 40.11 113.21 10.21 9.76 1 23.878030N 90.391190E Sector 11, Uttara AAQ06 65.78 43.87 109.76 9.65 8.23 1 23.877210N 90.384900E Sector 3, Road 3, Uttara AAQ07 67.05 42.24 110.25 10.19 9.25 1 23.86162N; 90.39753E 150 65 200 365 100 35 GOB Standards (24-h) (24-hr) (8-hr) (24-hr) (Annual) (1-hr) Source: Semi-annual EMR (January–June 2020), Dhaka Water Supply Network Improvement Project

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Note: Bangladesh National Ambient Air Quality Standards, Environmental Conservation Rules, 1997 Amended on 19 July 2005 vide S.R.O. No. 220-Law/2005.

89. None of the test results at all seven stations exceeded the DOE acceptable limits. Carbon monoxide ranged from 1 to 7 ppm, nitric oxide ranged from 8.23 to 25 µg/m3. Sulphur dioxide ranged from 0 to 57.704 µg/m3. Suspended particulate matter, PM10 and PM2.5 varied from 109.76 to 200 µg/m3, 65.78 to 138 µg/m3 and 40.11 to 59 µg/m3 respectively. Suspended particulate matter is comparatively higher in the project area. While these suspended particulate matters are not of great health concern as their sizes do not allow them to penetrate into the human respiratory tract, these particles are still a nuisance and irritant to living receptors, such as humans, animals and plants in the affected areas. Hence, the project will be required to implement measures, through its environmental management plan, to prevent dust particles from being airborne in and around the project sites.

6. Noise Level

90. Noise from vehicles is a major feature of the streets around the project site, as vehicular traffic is more or less continuous during the day and lorries run mostly at night. Standards for noise level under the project will follow Table 6 in Section II, which shows the applicable standard values per ADB SPS. Therefore, Table 10 below shows the specific standards that will be applied to the project.

Table 10: Standards for Noise Standards determined at dB(A) unit Category of areas Day Night Industrial area 70 70 Commercial area 70 60 Mixed Area 55 45 Residential Area 55 45 Silent Zone 50 40 Notes: 1. The time from 6 a.m. to 9 p.m. is counted as daytime. 2. The time from 9 p.m. to 6 a.m. is counted as night time. 3. Area up to a radius of 100 meters around hospitals or educational institutions or special institutions/ establishments identified/to be identified by the Government is designated as Silent Zones where use of horns of vehicles or other audio signals, and loudspeakers are prohibited

91. Noise level data were conducted in the same locations as air samples, at seven locations, twice per day at different traffic congested areas from 10 February to 16 July 2020. Noise level monitoring was conducted during day (6 am to 9 pm) and night time (9 pm to 6 am).

Table 11: Noise Level Data Leq (dBA) Sampling ID Site Location Land use Category Day Time Night Time Sector 5, Uttara NM-01 230 51’48’’.665N Residential 68.5 58.9 900 23’19’’.604E Shah Kabir Mazar Road NM-02 230 52’1’’.171N Commercial 74.9 76.0 900 24’30’’.935E Kosai Bazar, South NM-03 Commercial 71.8 69.2 Mollartek

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Leq (dBA) Sampling ID Site Location Land use Category Day Time Night Time 230 51’26’’.197N 900 24’33’’.372E Dakshinkhan Bus Stop NM-04 230 51’31’’.838N Residential 73.0 70.0 900 25’14’’.171E Sector 11, Garebe NM-05 Nawaz, Uttara Residential 62.23 52.34 23.874970N 90.390910E Sector 11, Uttara NM-06 Residential 60.21 51.67 23.876670N 90.384750E Sector 3, Road 3, Uttara NM-07 Residential 68.4 53.2 23.86162N, 90.39753E Residential 55 45 ADB SPS Applicable Standards Mixed 55 45 Commercial 70 60 Source of sampling data: Semi-annual EMR (January –June 2020), Dhaka Water Supply Network Improvement Project

92. From the analysis results, it is observed that the noise level exceeds DOE standard limit for all the locations both in day and night time. The noise level at night was found a little bit higher than the day time in NM-02 where higher traffic movement was observed at night. However, at this location the noise level both during day and night exceeded both DOE standards and ADB SPS prescribed values for commercial zone. The noise monitoring reports are provided in Appendix 3. The project will undertake measures to ensure these baseline noise levels are not aggravated by project-related activities during implementation. The environmental management plan provides details on these measures that will be followed, especially during the construction phase.

7. Water Resources

93. The river system in the Dhaka watershed includes Dhaleswari, Turag, Tongi Khal, Buriganga, Balu, Bangshi, and Shitalakhya Rivers. Dhaka is primarily surrounded by three rivers: Buriganga on the southwest, Turag in the northwest, and Balu in the northeast. The Shitalakhya River flowing by the southeastern part of Greater Dhaka is also included in the surrounding river system. More than 40 canals within the city were originally used for drainage. Dhaka region is in the natural floodplain of various rivers in the area and functioned as an important breeding ground for many aquatic species in the past. This function is still evident in the seasonal flooding that affects large parts of the city. The floodplain function has been further degraded by the construction of embankments to protect the city from flooding, and particularly from infilling to reclaim land, which reduces the water retention capacity of these areas and increases flooding both upstream and downstream.

94. Most of the canals are nonfunctional due to disposal of solid and liquid wastes, as such, several areas of the city have become vulnerable to water logging. All the rivers receive untreated sewage and industrial liquid wastes and municipal waste through the major canal systems, as well as from direct disposal. The surface water quality in the two river systems and other surface water bodies, e.g. khals and ponds, is quite poor with very high biological oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and E-coli content, indicating discharge of untreated

30 industrial effluents and domestic sewage. The organic pollution of the rivers is mainly caused by the poor state of sewerage and sanitation systems of the Dhaka urban area.11

95. Secondary data on surface water quality was obtained from the semi-annual monitoring report (SEMR) of another ADB-funded project in Dhaka City.12 As reported in said SEMR, water quality of Uttara Lake was tested on 10 February 2020 and analyzed for pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chloride, Iron, Mn, As and Total Coliform. The laboratory analytical test results of the groundwater samples are presented in Table 12 below and laboratory report is provided in Appendix 3.

96. For BOD, surface water standard of DOE for aquatic life is ≤10 mg/l, which is exceeded to a great extent in the lake water. The high level of BOD indicates the presence of excessive amount of organic matter in the water. Very high COD levels were also recorded in the lake water. Among the toxic metals, arsenic and manganese were monitored and their concentrations were found at low levels in the water sample. In view of these, the lake water is not safe for drinking or any kind of domestic uses. The project will undertake measures to ensure this baseline surface water quality are not aggravated by project-related activities during implementation. The environmental management plan provides details on these measures that will be followed, especially during the construction phase.

Table 12: Test Result of Surface Water Quality Total Sampling pH BOD COD Fe Mn As DO* Chloride Site Location Coliform ID mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l N/100mL Uttara Lake SW-01 23.866354°N, 7.3 41.3 100 0.26 0.101 <0.01 - - 5000 90.390260°E GOB Standards for water 6.5- 10 or 5 or 1000 or - - - - - usable for irrigation 8.5 less more less Source: Semi-annual EMR (January –June 2020), Dhaka Water Supply Network Improvement Project. Note: SCHEDULE – 3, A) Standards for inland surface water, ECR-1997.

97. In the same SEMR, groundwater samples were also collected from 10 February to 19 July 2020 from the water pumps near the project pipeline alignment. The laboratory analytical test results of the groundwater samples are presented in Table 13. The groundwater quality fluctuated due to the high concentration of COD, BOD and Manganese in GW-03. In the case of arsenic and other metals, the groundwater quality was found within both ADB SPS applicable drinking water standards and DOE’s drinking water standards. The microbial quality (Total coliform) for all the locations was also within both ADB SPS applicable drinking water standards and DOE’s drinking water standards. Similarly, the project will undertake measures to ensure this baseline ground water quality are not aggravated by project-related activities during implementation. The environmental management plan provides details on these measures that will be followed, especially during the construction phase.

11 EIA, Enviro Consultants; February 2018 12 ADB Loan 3397-BAN: Dhaka Water Supply Network Improvement Project.

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Table 13: Test Result of Groundwater Quality Total Sampling pH BOD COD Fe Mn As DO* Chloride Site Location Coliform ID mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l N/100mL Shajalal Avenue, GW-01 Uttara 6.8 1.66 4 0.06 0.005 <0.01 - - 0 23.868389°N 90.404231°E Sector 11, Uttara GW-02 7.9 1 4 0.95 0.09 0.001 4.4 15 0 23.879100N, 90.390140E Shah Kabir Majar Road GW-03 6.8 2.26 5 0.42 0.127 <0.01 - - 0 23.862978°N 90.408109°E Sector 3, Uttara GW-04 23.861620N; 7.4 1 3 0.93 0.06 0.001 4.9 16 0 90.397530E ADB SPS Applicable 6.5- 0.3- 0.2 4 0.1 0.01 6 150-600 0 Standards 8.5 1.0 Source: Semi-annual EMR (January –June 2020), Dhaka Water Supply Network Improvement Project. Note: SCHEDULE – 3, B) Standards for drinking water, ECR-1997.

B. Ecological Resources in Project Area

1. Vegetation

98. In Dhaka, like other cities, all the existing vegetation is man-made or altered by man to a great extent. There is almost no natural vegetation. In the city, this green cover contains the remnant biotic diversity of this part of erstwhile green and vast landscape of Madhupur tract. Most of the vegetated areas of the city are publicly owned. This vegetation occurs in or around such organizations that are important to people for various purposes. So, the importance is enhanced. Most areas, old or new, of Dhaka city are unplanned and have little scope for creating any green space or enhancing the existing ones, if any still worthy to be called so. But the importance and necessity of green space is great and unavoidable in an overcrowded city like Dhaka. So, the authorities concerned (Arboriculture Section of RHD, LGED, Forest Department, NGOs) as well as the respective area dwellers must be consciously eager to preserve whatever green spaces the city still have and call all others to join effort. The newly developed Hatir Jheel area is covered with ornamental plants, regarded as a recreational area. Other areas are Sahwardi Uddan, Baldha Garden, Ramna Garden and National Botanical Garden.

2. Biodiversity and Wildlife

99. Despite rapid urbanization, the ornithologists say some 200-bird species still choose Dhaka city as their abode. Dhaka currently boasts the largest population of the lokkhi pecha (barn owl, Tyto alba) in the city's history. Significant numbers of this creature can be found in the Gulshan and Banani areas. As the lokkhi pecha needs a small hole to lay its eggs, ventilators or spaces where air-conditioners are placed are ideal spots for laying eggs for these birds. Therefore, the lokkhi pecha is a very common sight and has adapted to the changes in its environment, aiding it to thrive.

100. Mongooses, another resilient creature, are still found in Dhaka, especially in wetlands or marshes where there is an abundance of small bushes, or in areas where garbage is dumped.

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Mongooses are also found inside graveyards, as well as in suburban areas such as Uttara, Mohammadpur, Keraniganj, Demra, and Jatrabari.

101. Around 20 years ago, Rhesus monkeys could be seen roaming around many places in Dhaka. But now they can only be seen in New and Old Defense Officers Housing Scheme (DOHS), Baridhara and around Gulshan Lake. These tree-bound creatures are still found in Old Dhaka, although trees are rapidly disappearing there. Perhaps that is because people of the Hindu community, many of whom live in Old Dhaka, have a soft corner for the little primates for religious reasons, and so are quite indulgent towards them. Jackals, present in central Dhaka even thirty years ago, have had a serious decline in their numbers over the years. However, one can still see jackals near the Mirpur Ceramic factory and in the premises of the Border Guard of Bangladesh (BGB) headquarters and its adjoining areas on rare occasions. At times, pump civets or jungle cats can be spotted in Ashulia, Savar and the Uttara belt, although these are also on the verge of extinction, due to needless hunting and loss of habitat. Holdegal titi or hottiti, once seen around Central Dhaka, are now only to be found in peripheral areas such as Ashulia, Savar and Uttara. Besides these creatures, Dhaka is also home to bats, monitor lizards (gui shap), squirrels, snakes, garden lizards (rokto chosha), Indian pangolin (bonrui); although almost all of them are on the brink of extinction.

102. In order to ensure that the assessment of impact is robust, a biodiversity screening has been undertaken relative to Dhaka City as the location of the project. The Integrated Biodiversity Assessment Tool (IBAT) was used to screen potential risks on possible protected areas or critical habitat that may exist around the project sites (default area of analysis of 50 km radius). Initial screening results show there are no key biodiversity areas around the immediate vicinities of the project sites. Three protected areas were identified, but the nearest one is about 10 kilometers from Dhaka City. Based on the localized nature of project impacts, specifically pipelaying activities during construction phase, assessment shows that these identified protected areas are too far to be impacted by the project.

103. The IBAT results also show that Dhaka City is “unclassified” in terms of critical habitat screening, which means that there is lack of data for assessing the likelihood if the area is a critical habitat. Therefore, the assessment looked further at the IUCN Red List species that were likewise identified in the screening. Most of the IUCN Red List species (42 species) identified are classified as freshwater/marine-thriving and/or amphibious species, which are not likely to flourish in the immediate surroundings of project areas. Eight terrestrial species were also identified; and based on site visits, online research, and assessment, these creatures are not likely found in the built up areas of Dhaka City where the project will be implemented. If in the remote possibility that any of these terrestrial species is found in the city center of Dhaka, the small works associated with pipelaying under the project will not affect the existence of such species. Therefore, the impact of the project to these biodiversity features will not be expected. The complete IBAT report is provided in Appendix 4, including the complete list of IUCN Red List species classified. Figure 5 and

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Figure 6 below show the screen shots of the IBAT Proximity Test Results.

Figure 5: IBAT Results Summary for the Project Site (Dhaka City)

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Figure 6: IBAT Proximity Results for Protected Areas and Key Biodiversity Areas within 50-km Radius

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C. Socio-Economic Condition

1. Demography

104. The population of Dhaka city (areas under the jurisdiction of the Dhaka city corporation) stands at approximately 6.7 million. The city, in combination with localities forming the wider metropolitan area, is home to an estimated 11.9 million. The population is growing by an estimated 4.2 percent per annum, one of the highest rates among Asian cities. The continuing growth reflects ongoing migration from rural areas to the Dhaka urban region, which accounted for 60 percent of the city's growth in the 1960s and 1970s. More recently, the city's population has also grown with the expansion of city boundaries, a process that added more than a million people to the city in the 1980s.

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2. Economic Activity

105. Dhaka is the fastest growing city in the world but all its economic activities are unplanned, which poses a question whether the growth of the city would be sustainable. Dhaka is the commercial center of Bangladesh. According to Cambridge University's 2014 analysis, the total nominal Gross State Product (GSP) of Dhaka was US$37 billion, accounting for 35% of Bangladesh's economy. Dhaka is also home to major Bangladeshi industrial conglomerates such as Beximco Holdings Ltd, Bashundhara Group, Jamuna Group, Pran-RFL Group, BSRM, etc. Many foreign establishments such as Glaxo Smith Kline, Heidelberg Cement, Reckitt Benckiser, HSBC, British American Tobacco, and Nestle have their regional headquarters located in Dhaka.

106. Additionally, Dhaka is characterized by roadside markets and small shops that sold a wide variety of goods. Recent years have seen the widespread construction of shopping malls, multiplexes, hotels and restaurants attracting Dhaka's growing middle-class and wealthy residents. Along with Bangladeshi cuisine and South Asian variants, a large variety in Western and Chinese cuisine are served at numerous restaurants and eateries.

3. Transport

107. Cycle rickshaws and auto rickshaws are the main mode of transport for the inhabitants of the city, with close to 400,000 rickshaws running each day — the largest number for any city in the world. However, only about 80,000 rickshaws are licensed by the city government. Relatively low-cost and non-polluting, cycle rickshaws nevertheless cause traffic congestion and have been banned from many parts of the city. Public buses are operated by the state-run Bangladesh Road Transport Corporation (BRTC) and by private companies and operators. Scooters, taxis and privately-owned automobiles are becoming increasingly popular with the city's growing middle- class. The government has overseen the replacement of two-stroke engine taxis with "Green taxis," which run on compressed natural gas.

108. Dhaka has 1,868 kilometers of paved roads. It is connected by highways and railway links to Chittagong, Khulna, Mymensingh, Rajshahi, Faridpur and Sylhet. Highway links to the Indian cities of Kolkata and Agartala have been established by the BRTC which also runs regular bus services to those cities from Dhaka. The Kamalapur Railway Station and the Airport (Biman Bandar) Railway Station are the main railway stations providing trains on suburban and national routes operated by the state-run Bangladesh Railway. The Sadarghat Port on the banks of the Buriganga River serves the transportation of goods and passengers upriver and to other ports in Bangladesh, and South Asia. The Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport is the largest and busiest in the nation. The state-run Biman Bangladesh Airlines is the primary airline corporation based at the airport, although private carriers are gaining popularity.

D. Socio-Cultural Resources

109. Dhaka is the most populous city of Bangladesh and is characterized by its busy urban life with vibrant and versatile culture including many festivities, variety of cuisine, entertainment industry, shopping experience and sites of interests. Despite the growing popularity of music groups and rock bands, traditional folk music remains widely popular. The works of the national poet Kazi Nazrul Islam and national anthem writer Rabindranath Tagore have a widespread following across Dhaka. The Baily Road area is known as Natak Para (Theatre Neighborhood) which is the center of Dhaka's thriving theatre movement. Indian and Western music and films are popular with large segments of Dhaka's population.

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1. Archaeology, Cultural and Historical Places

110. Dhaka is home to many archaeological and cultural sites. The Old City of Dhaka has over 2000 buildings built between the 16th and 19th centuries, which form an integral part of Dhaka's cultural heritage. While the project is located in Dhaka city, Package 3.2 or P3.2 alignments are not located within any sensitive historical, cultural, and archaeological area. The distance of these physical and cultural resource (PCR) sites from the nearest P3.2 alignments are detailed in the Table 14 and Figure 7.

Table 14: Location of PCR Sites from Nearest P3.2 Alignments Distance from nearest P3.2 alignments Physical Cultural Resources Sites (km) Lalbagh Fort 7.23 Ahsan Manzil 7.91 Dhakeshwari Temple 6.62 Shankhari Bazar 7.55 Swamibagh Temple 7.00 Ramna Kali Mandir 5.38 Dhaka Sadarghat 8.11 Armanitola Star Mosque, Armenian quarter 7.44 Farashganj, French quarter 8.33

Figure 7: Location of Physical Cultural Resources near P3.2

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V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

111. Potential environmental impacts of the proposed P3.2 is presented in this section. Mitigation measures to minimize/mitigate negative impacts, if any, are recommended along with the agency responsible for implementation. Monitoring actions to be conducted during the implementation phase is also recommended to monitor and to evaluate the impact. Screening of potential environmental impacts are categorized into three categories considering P3.2 project: design impacts (pre-construction phase), construction phase impacts, and operations and maintenance (O&M) phase impacts.

(i) Design impacts include impacts arising from design and technology used, scale of operation, waste production, discharge specifications, pollution sources and ancillary services; (ii) Construction impacts include impacts caused by site clearing, earthworks, machinery, vehicles and workers. Construction site impacts include erosion, dust, noise, traffic congestion and waste production; and (iii) O&M impacts include impacts arising from the operation and maintenance activities of the infrastructure facility. These include routine management of operational waste streams, repair of pipe leakages, and occupational health and safety issues.

A. Planning and Design Phase

112. Location impacts include impacts associated with site selection and include loss of on-site biophysical array and encroachment either directly or indirectly on adjacent environments. It also includes impacts on people who will lose their livelihood (permanent or temporary) or any other structures by the development of that site. Technical design of the secondary distribution pipelines (P3.2) follows relevant planning and design guidelines, focusing on providing a robust system which is easy to operate, sustainable, efficient and economically viable. The following environmental considerations are to be included in the project:

(i) Pressurized distribution system: designing the entire system to maintain optimal flow and terminal pressure, and optimizing the overall energy usage; (ii) Minimizing water losses from pipelines by perfect jointing and alignments using appropriate techniques; and (iii) Reducing the incidence of water borne diseases by providing 100% population including urban poor with potable water supplies.

1. Consents, Permits, NOCs, Clearances

113. Impacts. Without permission and government clearances, the project cannot be implemented. Failure to obtain necessary consents, permits, and other appropriate regulatory clearances can result to design revisions and work stoppage.

114. Mitigation. All of the necessary consents, permits, and clearances shall be obtained before the start of civil works and acknowledge in writing and provide report on compliance all obtained permits, clearance, NOCs, etc. Permissions and clearances are required from the following government agencies and departments:

(i) Department of Environment; (ii) Dhaka North City Corporation;

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(iii) Rajdhani Unnayan Kartripakkha (RAJUK); (iv) Cantonment Board; (v) Roads and Highway Department; (vi) Local Government Engineering Department.

2. Existing Utilities/Services Relocation

115. Impacts. Proposed water distribution pipes will be buried along the public roads. Various utilities (telephone lines, electric poles and wires, sewers and gas pipelines) are already located along these roads. During the installation of the P3.2 pipelines, there is a possibility of damage to existing service cables and other pipelines, or temporarily interrupt supplies to consumers. Sufficient care will be taken while laying so that existing utilities and cables are not damaged.

116. Mitigation. The following are mitigation measures to ensure no damage or disruption occurs to existing overground and underground service facilities:

(i) Provision in the design and budget for the relocation of the existing utility infrastructures, wherever required; (ii) Identify and include locations and operators of these utilities in the detailed design documents to prevent unnecessary disruption of services during construction phase; (iii) Identify and include locations of water pipes, power/telephone lines and any other infrastructure that are likely to be affected by the P3.2 alignments, and redesign pipe layout to avoid any damage on such infrastructures; (iv) Require the design-build contractor to prepare a contingency plan to include actions to be taken in case of unintentional interruption of services; (v) Utilities will only be removed and relocated with proper agency approvals and permission; (vi) Informing all hospitals, schools, places of worship, and affected communities well in advance on the construction schedule; (vii) If utilities are damaged during construction, design-build contractor shall report the incidents to utility authority and repairs will be arranged immediately at the design- build contractor’s expense; and (viii) Utility relocation will be completed at the shortest practicable time before construction commences.

3. Water Supply

117. Impacts. Replacement of existing distribution network, and shifting the water connections from the existing to new lines will disturb the water supply services, though temporarily. Once the new pipeline is laid, all the consumer connections on the old pipeline will be transferred to the new pipeline. This new pipeline shall be connected to the existing water system and commissioned to ensure water supply to the consumers. The work of connection transfers from the old to new pipes will create supply disruptions.

118. Mitigation. The following measures are to be implemented to minimize the inconvenience:

(i) Organize a structured and sustained communications program to inform the residents about the disruption of services and the alternate arrangements made to minimize the inconvenience;

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(ii) Plan the construction program to keep the interruption of water supplies to the minimum possible (in both area and duration); (iii) In coordination with PMU, provide alternative potable water to affected households and businesses for the duration of the shut-down; and (iv) Liaise with affected persons to inform them of any interruption in advance, and to ensure that they are provided with an alternative water supply.

4. Tree Removal

119. Impacts. Secondary distribution alignments will be dug within roads except for Branch K1 where several small size trees will be felled. Design-build contractor will, however, be required to ensure that no roadside trees are damaged or removed in the course of the work.

120. Mitigation. The following are mitigation measures to ensure tree cutting is avoided and/or minimized:

(i) After the finalization of the designs and layout of the project components, the trees within proposed construction areas will be marked; (ii) Trees within the corridor of impact (area required for construction) will be felled after prior approval; (iii) Compensation to be provided for the affected trees based on the unit prices of trees determined by the agriculture/horticulture experts and/or relevant government agency; (iv) Only trees requiring removal within the proposed construction areas of the sites will be cut; (v) For trees not proposed to be cut, taking all precautions to protect them from any damage from construction activities; and (vi) Compensatory plantation for trees lost at a rate of 2 trees for every tree cut and tree plantation program shall be prepared by the design-build contractor in consultation with PMU and/or relevant government agency.

5. Preparation for Road Cutting

121. Impacts. Traffic congestion, road accident and accidental fall of pedestrian in open trenches etc. may occur during pipe laying along the busy road. Moreover, project progress might be impeded if road cutting permission is not obtained from the relevant authorities (DNCC, RHD, Cantonment Board, LGED, etc.) well before the construction phase.

122. Mitigation. To avoid or minimize these impacts, the following measures will be implemented:

(i) No temporary or permanent works proceed before the design and drawings are approved by the Project Director and road cutting permission obtained from relevant authorities (DNCC, RHD, Cantonment Board, LGED, etc.) by PMU; (ii) Unnecessary road cutting should be avoided; (iii) Road cutting plan necessary for the application for road cutting permission from the authorities must be prepared by the design-build contractor; (iv) Design-build contractor has to take all necessary safeguards to avoid accidents at site, prevent loss/damage to all existing utilities like pipelines, telephone/electric cables, poles etc. and any government or private property during the contract period; and

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(v) Design-build contractor shall prepare a traffic management scheme (road closure program or diversions) and incorporate detail of traffic diversions and pedestrian routes, all traffic signs (for the regulation and for information) and road markings shall be ensured prior to start of road cutting.

6. Traffic Management Plan

123. Impacts. Ease of access to and from the site will be a fundamental requirement. All points of contact between construction and existing traffic will potentially give rise to accident black spots due to the number of turning movements by construction traffic, its relatively low speed, increased damage to the road surface and the deposition of mud, chippings, oil and other foreign matter.

124. Mitigation. Design-build contractor shall conduct traffic impact assessments and traffic management planning in order to minimize disturbance to vehicular traffic and pedestrians. Access of vehicles to the project area will be planned such that any arrangements will avoid access issue and community disturbance The traffic management plan will include consideration of the following:

(i) Lane availability and minimizing interference with traffic flows past the work site; (ii) Establishment of acceptable construction hours and constraints; (iii) Establishment of appropriate linear distance for excavation works at a given time (e.g. not exceeding 50 meters) depending on the length and width of roads under consideration; (iv) Agreement on time scale and establishment of traffic flow/delay requirements; (v) Programming issues, including the time of year and available resources; (vi) Discussion of the PMU’s inspection/monitoring role, with support from MDSC; and (vii) Management of potential complaints by utilizing the established grievance redress mechanism under the project.

7. Construction Work Camps, Stockpile, Storage and Disposal Areas

125. Impacts. All major construction projects require a large area for site offices, the storage of construction materials, workers’ accommodation, and other facilities as may be needed by the design-build contractor. Preferred location for the site offices and design-build contractor’s facilities are not yet decided, and there needs to include refabricated offices and parking areas for the administration and technical staff of the design-build contractor, specialist sub-contractors, the Supervising Engineer and representative/supervision engineer from DWASA. These will also include areas for materials testing and storage, and equipment cleaning and maintenance.

126. Mitigation. To avoid or minimize these impacts, the following measures will be implemented:

(i) Submit to the PMU for approval a detailed layout plan for the development of construction camps, including workers’ accommodation sites, if any will be established under the project, showing the relative locations of all temporary buildings and facilities that are to be constructed together with the location of site roads, fuel storage areas (for use in power supply generators), solid waste management and dumping locations, and drainage facilities, prior to the development of the construction camps; (ii) Locate the construction camps, if any will be established under the project, at areas which are acceptable from environmental, cultural or social point of view;

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(iii) Maximize the employment of people from the project area and immediate vicinities, so that the need for workers’ accommodation is avoided or minimized; (iv) Construction camps, including workers’ accommodation sites, if any will be established under the project, shall not be located in productive agricultural lands, water bodies, natural drainage channels, flood plains and groundwater recharge areas, forests, vegetative lands, etc.; (v) For private lands, obtain landowner’s written consent which should indicate the requirement for reinstatement to original condition or better after the construction phase; (vi) Local authorities responsible for health, religious and security shall be duly informed on the set up of camp facilities so as to maintain effective surveillance over public health, social and security matters; (vii) Locate at sites that will not promote instability, flooding and result in destruction of natural drainage, vegetation, irrigation, and drinking water supply; (viii) Locate the garbage pit/waste disposal site approved by the government and at minimum of 500m away from the nearest residence, so that peoples are not disturbed with the odor likely to be produced from anaerobic decomposition of wastes at the waste dumping places; (ix) For waste dumping sites other than those managed by the government or private sector entity, ensure that these sites are approved by the government and are secured by fencing to prevent unauthorized entry of people, including children; (x) Provide adequate drainage facilities throughout the camps to ensure that disease vectors such as stagnant water bodies and puddles do not form; (xi) Provide appropriate security personnel (police / home guard or private security guards) and enclosures to prevent unauthorized entry to the camp area; (xii) Maintain register to keep a track on a head count of persons present in the camp at any given time; (xiii) Provide medical facility and appropriate type of fire-fighting equipment suitable for the construction camps, including workers’ accommodation sites, if any will be established under the project; and (xiv) Dismantle camps in phases and as the work gets decreased and not wait for the entire work to be completed. Restore the site to its original condition prior to commencement of the works or to an agreed condition with the landowner.

8. Updating of IEE and Preparation of SEMP

127. DWASA with support of MDSC will update this IEE report, including the environmental management plan (EMP), based on finalization of detailed design by the design-build contractor, DWASA shall ensure that no civil works will commence until the updated IEE report is cleared by ADB. The design-build contractor shall be primarily responsible for preparing a site-specific EMP (SEMP). This shall be based on the EMP with details on staff, implementation schedules, monitoring procedures, and resources, including costs for implementing measures in response to the 2019 novel corona virus disease (COVID-19) or any other emerging infectious diseases that may arise during project implementation. The SEMP shall also include detailed health and safety plan with monitoring and reporting procedures consistent with national guidelines and internationally recognized standards or guidelines such as the WHO guidelines. Design-build contractor will submit its SEMP to PMU, and PMU will review and approve accordingly. The approved SEMP will be the basis for monitoring by PMU with support from MDSC. The SEMP will allow PMU and construction supervision engineer to focus on what are specific items expected from the design-build contractor regarding environmental safeguards on a day-to-day basis. With

43 the SEMP, PMU can easily verify the associated environmental requirements each time the design-build contractor will request approval for work schedules.

B. Construction Phase

128. Main civil works under Package 3.2 include laying of water supply pipelines (distribution lines). All works will be confined to linear sites, and construction will include general activities like site clearance, and excavation for foundations. Since these works are confined to the boundary of identified sites with existing rights of way, there is no direct interference of construction work with the surrounding land use. However, construction dust, noise, use of local roads for transportation of construction material, waste, labor camps etc., will have temporary negative impacts, which need to be avoided or mitigated properly. Distribution lines will cover all habitations and will be laid along main and inner roads in the project area. Pipelines will be buried along the roads using open cut method.

129. As trenches are relatively shallow, there risk of collapse of trenches or damage to surrounding structures is minimal or negligible. However, necessary precautions will be taken depending on the soil conditions, and if required measures such as bracing or shoring in the trench will be provided. Once they are laid, pipes will be joined as per specification and then tested for any cracks or leakages. Other alignments in relatively narrower roads, where pipes of up to 400 mm will be laid, would use horizontal directional drilling to avoid the huge impact in some areas. However, this horizontal directional drilling method will ensure to implement the necessary measures discussed in this section in minimizing potential impact of noise in the areas.

130. Although pipelaying work involves quite simple techniques of civil work, the invasive nature of excavation and pipeline installation in the built-up areas where there are a variety of human activities, will result in impacts to the environment and sensitive receptors such as residents, businesses, and the community in general (near injection point-Badda). These anticipated impacts are temporary and for short duration, but need to be mitigated.

131. Other anticipated impacts during the construction phase are discussed below along with appropriate mitigation measures to avoid, minimize or mitigate those impacts to acceptable levels.

1. Topography, Landforms, River Morphology and Hydrology

132. Impacts. Sand, gravel or crushed stone will be required for the project and extraction of natural aggregate materials may cause localized changes in topography and landforms (if on land) or river morphology and hydrology (if on the river).

133. Mitigation. PMU, with support from MDSC, will prepare a draft materials management plan (MMP) that will guide the project in minimizing the use of non-renewable resources and rock- based materials. The MMP will also be used to plan for asphalt and aggregates management so that an overall balance for asphalt and materials could be made, and minimize impacts on other local resources. The following are design-build contractor’s responsibilities to ensure the impact is avoided and/or minimized:

(i) Update draft MMP from the detailed design phase; (ii) Prioritize sources which are already permitted by the government; (iii) If other source sites are necessary, it is design-build contractor’s responsibility to verify the suitability of all these material sources and to obtain the approval of PMU and the government;

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(iv) If additional quarries will be required after construction has started, design-build contractor will obtain a written approval from PMU and relevant government agencies; (v) Maintain a construction materials register at the site; and (vi) Restore sites after construction activities by stabilizing contours and slopes, spreading stripped materials to promote percolation and re- growth of vegetation, and draining any standing water. Lands utilized as access roads for quarry sites will also be restored.

2. Laying of Pipeline on the Waterbody

134. Impacts. During the installation of pipeline in areas adjoining water bodies, there is likelihood that excavated soil would be washed down and run to the river because of rain. This occurrence has the potential to cause pollution and siltation of watercourses. Additionally, construction works can also obstruct the water flow in these water bodies.

135. Mitigation. Mitigation measures shall be implemented by the design-build contractor, and will include, but not limited to, the following measures:

(i) Trenching and backfilling operations at the canal crossings/stream crossings will be carried out during lean seasons, when the flow and disruption is minimum; (ii) In case of crossings at existing bridges and culverts, proper construction methodology should be followed to ensure no damage to these bridges/culverts occur during construction activities; (iii) Silt fencing to be provided at construction sites that are near canals and streams; (iv) Not to disturb the water body except for the actual work area, and no equipment or machinery shall be operated outside the work area; (v) Avoid spillage of fuels, chemicals and lubricants; and (vi) Clean up of the area after the completion and prior to the onset of monsoon season.

3. Surface Water Quality

136. Impacts. Project area receives considerable rainfall during monsoon season. Run-off from stockpiled materials and chemicals from fuels and lubricants during construction works can contaminate surface water quality of the water bodies, streams, Gulshan Lake, Hatir Jheel Lake, and other canals. There are a number of water bodies/ponds along the roads, where pipelines will be laid. It is important that runoff from the construction areas, which may contain silt and chemical traces do not enter these water bodies. Impact will be temporary but needs to be mitigated.

137. Mitigation. Design-build contractor will be required to implement the following measures:

(i) Provision of temporary sedimentation canal and/or silt traps along construction areas, particularly alignments that are adjacent to receiving bodies of water or canals; (ii) Implement measures as per design, or as directed by PMU through MDSC to control soil erosion, sedimentation, and water pollution; (iii) Ensure proper compaction of refilled soil and there shall not be any loose soil particles on the top; the material shall be refilled in layers and compacted properly layer by layer;

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(iv) Use surplus soil for beneficial purposes such as in any other construction activities, or to raise the level of low lying areas; (v) Avoid scheduling of excavation work during the monsoon season. Earthworks should be undertaken during dry season; (vi) Confine construction area including the material storage (sand and aggregate) so that runoff from upland areas will not enter the site; (vii) Ensure that drains are not blocked with excavated soil; (viii) Stockyards at least 50 meters (m) away from watercourses; (ix) Fuel and other petroleum products stored at storage areas away from water drainage and protected by impermeable lining and bunded 110%; (x) Not to obstruct the flow of water; (xi) For effluents from work place, camps, and offices, provide treatment arrangements such as retention ponds and septic tanks which should be incorporated in the facility designs. A sewage management plan has to be prepared by the design- build contractor and agreed with PMU through MDSC; and (xii) Monitor water quality according to the environmental management plan.

4. Groundwater Quality

138. Impacts. Another physical impact that is often associated with trench excavation is the effect on drainage and the local water table if groundwater and surface water collect in the voids. In the project area, groundwater depth is shallow, and there are numerous water bodies and ponds which also receive high volume of rainwater during the monsoon.

139. Mitigation. The design-build contractor will be required to implement the following measures:

(i) Pump out the water collected in the pits, and channelize water into low areas, under bridges and culverts to ponds or wetlands preventing any erosion of land; (ii) Provision of safety protection against possible pit collapse due to accumulation of water; (iii) Prevention of pollutants from contaminating the soil and the ground water; (iv) Storage of lubricants and fuel at least 50 m from water bodies; (v) Storage of fuel and lubricants in double hulled tanks. Fuel and other petroleum products stored at storage areas away from water drainage and protected by impermeable lining and bunded 110%; (vi) Daily control of machinery and vehicles for leakages; (vii) Regular collection of waste during construction activities; (viii) Use of uncontaminated water for dust suppression; and (ix) Enclosure of the construction area to prevent unauthorized access.

5. Drainage Congestion

140. Impacts. Construction material getting into surface run off or uncontrolled disposal may cause temporary drainage congestion, especially near the locations of the construction camps and sites. The impact of these on hydrology is expected to be more pronounced during post monsoon period with rapid movement of rain water through existing drainage structures, which, if blocked by construction waste and debris, may cause flooding in neighboring areas. Impacts due to surface runoff include increased soil erosion in cleared land areas and local flooding or water logging.

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141. Mitigation. The design-build contractor shall adopt a site clearance procedure that separates topsoil and stores it under appropriate conditions for reuse as may instructed by PMU through MDSC. Where short-term construction work in a watercourse or drainage channel is unavoidable, the design-build contractor shall submit to PMU through MDSC a program of work detailing any proposed mitigation and the time frame of the required work. Design-build contractor should wait for the approval of PMU on the proposed program of work prior to execution of activities.

142. Wastes and construction debris will not be disposed in a manner that these would end up in drainage canals. All temporary discharge points shall be located, designed and constructed in a manner that will minimize erosion in the receiving channels. Construct wide drains instead of deep drains to avoid sand deposition in the drains that require frequent cleaning.

143. The on-site storage of excessive quantities of unwanted spoil and aggregate materials should be avoided. Where storage is necessary, the design-build contractor shall ensure heaps and stockpiles are located at sites that they do not permit direct runoff into watercourses and are on land sloping at less than 1.5%. All heaps shall be of a size and stability that will ensure the risk of mass movement during period of heavy rainfall is minimized.

6. Air Quality

144. Impacts. Construction work, especially from earthwork activities, coupled with dry and windy working conditions, material and debris transport, and works along the public roads carrying significant traffic, have high potential to generate dust. Also, emissions from construction vehicles, equipment, and machineries used for excavation and construction will induce impacts on the air quality. Anticipated impacts include dust and increase in concentration of vehicle-related pollutants such as carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, particulate matter, nitrous oxides, and hydrocarbons. Dust generation will be significant during pipelaying along the roads. Increase in dust or particulate matter in ambient air is detrimental and may have adverse impacts on people and environment.

145. Mitigation. To mitigate the impacts during pipeline works, design-build contractor will be required to implement the following measures:

(i) Take every precaution to reduce the levels of dust at construction sites, and not exceeding the pre-project ambient air quality standards; (ii) Barricade the construction area. Initiate site clearance and excavation work only after barricading of the site is done; (iii) Limit the stocking of excavated material at the site; remove the excess soil from the site immediately to the designated and government-approved disposal area (e.g. DNCC designated disposal sites at Matuail, Gabtoli and Uttara); (iv) Conduct work sequentially - excavation, pipe laying, backfilling; conduct pipe testing section-wise (for a minimum length as possible) so that backfilling, stabilization of soil can be done; (v) Remove the excavated soil of first section to the disposal site; as the work progresses, sequentially, by the time second section is excavated, the first section will be ready for back filling; (vi) Backfilled trench at any completed section after removal of barricading will be the main source of dust pollution. The traffic, pedestrian movement and wind will generate dust from backfilled section. Road restoration shall be undertaken immediately;

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(vii) Fit all heavy equipment and machinery with air pollution control devices that are functioning correctly; (viii) Vehicles travelling to and from the construction site must adhere to speed limits so as to avoid producing excessive dust; (ix) Reduce dust by spraying stockpiled soil, excavated materials, and spoils; (x) Cover with tarpaulin the dump body of trucks or vehicles when transporting soil and sand; (xi) Cover stockpiled construction materials with tarpaulin or plastic sheets; (xii) Trenching and transport vehicles shall move only in designated areas and roads; (xiii) Water spraying of access roads, camp sites and work sites to reduce dust emissions; (xiv) Machines and vehicles must be regularly examined and maintained to ensure efficient functioning, and use them within their design limits and specifications; (xv) All vehicles, equipment, and machinery used for construction will be regularly maintained to ensure that pollution emission levels comply with the relevant requirements of DOE. Copies of conformance will be submitted regularly to the PMU through MDSC; (xvi) Repair and maintain access roads, as necessary; and (xvii) Monitor air quality according to the environmental management plan.

7. Noise and Vibration Levels

146. Impacts. Most of the works are to be implemented in urban setting, with densely populated habitation areas and surrounding urban establishments and infrastructures. Noise and vibration impacts are likely to be minimal as most of the pipeline route sites located along the road shoulders with existing rights of way. The sensitive receptors are the general population in these areas. Increase in noise level may be caused by breaking of bitumen roads for laying of pipelines, operation of construction equipment like concrete mixers, and the transport of equipment, materials, and people. Vibration generated from construction activity, for instance from the use of pneumatic drills, will also have impact on nearby houses and/or buildings. This impact is negative but short-term, and reversible by mitigation measures.

147. Mitigation. The design-build contractor will be required to implement the following measures:

(i) Plan activities in consultation with PMU through MDSC so that activities with the greatest potential to generate noise are conducted during day time along alignments near residential areas and/or hospitals, and night time along alignments near commercial areas and/or worship areas and/or schools; (ii) Minimize noise from construction equipment by using vehicle silencers, fitting jackhammers with noise-reducing mufflers, and use portable street barriers to minimize sound impact to surrounding sensitive receptors; (iii) Identify any buildings at risk from vibration damage and avoiding any use of pneumatic drills or heavy vehicles in the vicinity; (iv) Horns should not be used unless it is necessary to warn other road users or animals of the vehicle’s approach; and (v) Consult local communities in advance of the work to identify and address key issues, and avoid working during sensitive occasions, such as religious and cultural festivals.

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8. Soil Disturbance

148. Impacts. Rainfall is often considered to be one of the triggering elements for soil erosion, which include water-induced erosion, trench wall collapse and landslide. As the project is located in an area with adequate rainfall during monsoon season, proper measures should be considered and implemented to reduce these impacts.

149. Erosion can happen at the pipe laying sites adjacent to bridges, culverts, and water bodies Silt from erosion and the accumulation of suspended particulate matters in water bodies will increase the turbidity of the water and will decrease the depth for navigation. In the highly turbid aquatic ecosystem normal photosynthesis is disrupted. Moreover, if eroded materials run into the agricultural land then crop production will be hampered as well.

150. Mitigation. The design-build contractor shall implement the measures at all time to control soil erosion. These measures shall include, but not be limited to, the following:

(i) Plan construction timeline to minimize surface excavation works during the rainy season where practicable; (ii) Develop precautionary steps to be taken at any time of year when rainstorms are likely, actions to be taken when a rainstorm is imminent or forecast, and actions to be taken during or after rainstorms; (iii) The earthwork sites where exposed land surface is vulnerable to runoff shall be consolidated and/or covered; (iv) Channels, earth bunds, netting, tarpaulin and or sandbag barriers shall be used on site to manage surface water runoff and minimize erosion; (v) The overall slope of the works areas and construction yards shall be kept to a minimum to reduce the erosive potential of surface water flows; and (vi) Monitor water quality of water bodies close to the working areas to ensure that the project does not impact the such water bodies.

9. Generation of Construction Wastes

151. Solid wastes generated from the construction activities are excess excavated earth (spoils), discarded construction materials, cement bags, wood, steel, oils, fuels and other similar items. Domestic solid wastes may also be generated from the workers’ accommodation camps. Improper waste management could cause odor and vermin problems, pollution and flow obstruction of nearby watercourses and could negatively impact the landscape.

152. Mitigation. The following mitigation measures to minimize impacts from waste generation shall be implemented by the design-build contractor:

(i) Prepare and implement a Waste Management Plan for both construction and domestic wastes; (ii) As far as possible utilize the debris and excess soil in construction purpose, for example for raising the ground level or construction of access roads, etc.; (iii) Avoid stockpiling any excess spoils at the site for long time. Excess excavated soils should be disposed to government-approved designated areas immediately (e.g. DNCC designated sites);

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(iv) If immediate disposal is required, the site shall be selected preferably from barren, infertile lands, and located away from residential areas, water bodies and any other sensitive land uses; (v) Domestic solid wastes should be properly segregated in biodegradable and nonbiodegradable for collection and disposal to designated solid waste disposal site; create a compost pit at workers’ accommodation camp sites for disposal of biodegradable waste; nonbiodegradable / recyclable material shall be collected separately and sold in the local recycling material market; (vi) Residual and hazardous wastes such as oils, fuels, and lubricants shall be disposed of in disposal sites approved by DNCC in consultation with relevant government agencies; (vii) Prohibit burning of construction and/or domestic waste; (viii) Ensure that wastes are not haphazardly thrown in and around the project site; provide proper collection bins and create awareness to use the dust bins; and (ix) Conduct site clearance and restoration to original condition after the completion of construction work.

153. Apart from the above measures to be implemented by the design-build contractor, PMU will also ensure that sites are properly restored prior to issuing of construction completion certificate (or equivalent) to the design-build contractor.

10. Protection of Ecological Resources

154. Impacts. Inappropriate selection of tree species and plantation location may not ensure the inherent objective of the tree plantation. Moreover, lack of proper care (e.g. watering, securing with fence) by the respective authority will also hinder the process of proper growth of the planted trees.

155. Mitigation. Afforestation will be done at the replacement ratio of 2:1 (i.e. two new plant replacement for every one tree that is cut). No trees, shrubs or groundcover will be removed, or vegetation stripped without the prior permission of PMU. Indigenous trees most suited to the tract will be planted and early replanting and regular watering of the disturbed areas with local native vegetation should be undertaken to ensure speedy recovery of the cleared vegetation. Moreover, an awareness campaign targeted on the neighborhood affected persons will be carried out to popularize the tree planting and restoration activities, and to gain the support of these local people in the care and maintenance efforts afterwards.

11. Accessibility

156. Excavation along the roads for laying of pipelines, hauling of construction materials and operation of equipment on-site can cause traffic problems. Works related to primary and secondary pipeline laying will be confined to the DMA sites, therefore there is moderate or direct interference of these works with the traffic and accessibility to underground electric supply cables, underground telephone cables, etc.. Hauling of construction material, equipment, construction waste, etc., to and from the work site may increase the road traffic on local roads. This will further inconvenience the local community and road users, especially in narrow and rough unpaved roads. Potential impact is negative but short term and reversible by appropriate mitigation measures:

157. Mitigation. The following mitigation measures shall be implemented by the design-build contractor:

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(i) Include in the Traffic Management Plan the following: (a) Plan transportation routes so that heavy vehicles do not use narrow local roads, except in the immediate vicinity of delivery sites; (b) Drive vehicles in a considerate manner; (c) Notify affected public by public information notices, providing sign boards informing nature and duration of construction works and contact numbers for concerns/complaints; and

(ii) Include in the site planning and construction methodology the following: (a) Confine work areas along the roads to the minimum possible extent; all the activities, including material and waste/surplus soil stocking should be confined to this area. Provide barricading; avoid material/surplus soil stocking in congested areas – immediately removed from site/ or brought to the as and when required; (b) Leave spaces for access between mounds of soil to maintain access to the houses / properties; (c) Provide pedestrian access in all the locations; provide wooden/metal planks over the open trenches at each house to maintain the access. Use planks with handrails on relatively deep open trenches; (d) Inform the affected local population one week in advance about the work schedule; (e) Plan and execute the work in such a way that the period of disturbance/ loss of access is minimum; (f) Keep the site free from all unnecessary obstructions; and (g) Coordinate with the city traffic enforcement office and/or police for temporary road diversions, where necessary, and for provision of traffic aids if transportation activities cannot be avoided during peak hours.

12. Socio-Economic – Employment

158. Manpower will be required during the construction stage. This can result in generation of temporary employment and increase in local revenue. Thus, potential impact is positive. The design-build contractor will be required to employ local labor force as far as possible.

13. Physical Cultural Resources

159. Impacts. While there are no physical cultural resources (PCR) found near the P3.2 alignments as discussed in Section IV hereof, Dhaka City is home to many old and ancient structures and there is a possibility that chance finds such as underground relics or structures considered as PCRs will be encountered at any of the excavation sites. As a precautionary approach, measures or protocols for chance finds will be followed by the project.

160. Mitigation. In the event of chance finds, the following mitigation measures shall be strictly implemented by the PMU, MDSC and design-build contractor:

(i) strictly follow the protocol which would require the design-build contractor to coordinate immediately with PMU, MDSC, and Bangladesh Department of Archaeology for any suspicion of chance finds during excavation works; (ii) stop work immediately to allow further investigation if any finds are suspected; and

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(iii) request authorized person from the Bangladesh Department of Archaeology to observe when excavation resumes for the identification of the potential chance find, and comply with further instructions. 14. Community Health and Safety

161. Impacts. The most serious threats will be in the vicinity of pipeline trench along public roads where they will be easily accessed. There may be an increased risk of traffic accidents where delays and diversions are imposed or altered without adequate warnings and precautions. There may also be risk of accidental fall of pedestrians in excavated areas. Proper diversion system and appropriate temporary access for pedestrians will minimize the risk of accidents.

162. In case of the recent 2019 novel corona virus disease (COVID-19), there is a serious threat of spreading the virus in the communities surrounding the project sites due to interaction of project staff and workers with the locals. This can lead to possible loss of human lives.

163. Mitigation. Along pipeline routes, warning signs, warning tapes, hard barricades, and notices will deter access to trenches. The excavation of trenches ahead of pipe laying and backfilling shall be efficiently scheduled such that the period from the time of opening a trench to temporary reinstatement shall not exceed 48 hours, unless exceptional circumstances agreed between design-build contractor and PMU prevail. Design-build contractor’s workers on roads shall include flagmen who will manage the safe and orderly passage of traffic. All work sites shall be adequately guarded at all times, and well-lit during night time.

164. In addition, the design-build contractor shall implement the following mitigation measures:

(i) Follow a code of conduct for workers, which should include restricting workers in designated areas, no open defecation, no littering, no firewood collection, no setting of fire except when needed but in designated places, no trespassing, no unauthorized overstaying at construction sites, and no obligation to undertake potentially dangerous work without the use of proper personal protective equipment, among others; (ii) Follow International best practices on community health and safety such as those in Section 4.3 of World Bank Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) Guidelines on Construction and Decommissioning Activities;13 (iii) Follow the established community and occupational health and safety protocol on emerging infectious diseases such as COVID-19. See Appendix 5 for a sample guidance note in responding to COVID-19; (iv) Maintain a complaint logbook in workers’ camp and take action promptly of complaints; (v) Plan transportation routes in consultation with DNCC, RHD and Police; (vi) Schedule transport and hauling activities by avoiding peak traffic periods; (vii) Clean wheels and undercarriage of haul trucks prior to leaving construction site; (viii) Educate drivers: limit speed between 20-25 km/h in settlements and avoid use of horn; (ix) Earmark parking place for construction equipment and vehicles when idling; no parking shall be allowed on the roads, that may disturb the traffic movement; (x) Provide prior information to local people about work;

13 IFC World Bank Group. 2007. Environmental, Health, and Safety (EHS) Guidelines – General EHS Guidelines: Construction and Decommissioning.

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(xi) No night time construction activities including material/waste haulage near or within residential areas. Construction activities in these areas must be prohibited from 9pm to 7am; (xii) Noise barriers must be installed in housing areas to reduce the noise level; and (xiii) Temporary access such as planks with handrails will be provided at excavation areas, particularly in locations where access to residential, commercial and institutional establishments is affected.

15. Occupational Health and Safety

165. Impacts. Health risks and safety problems for workers are concerns in all construction projects. Safety risks and health issues arise from storage, handling and transport of hazardous construction material. Construction workers are also at risk of accidents due to moving vehicles, and other construction related activities. Workers are also exposed to high level of pollution from dust, exhaust of vehicles and machinery and noise. Further, if workers do not keep to regulated working hours, the risk of accidents will be higher due to fatigue.

166. Given the recent COVID-19 outbreak, it has been a new concern for the work site workers safe and healthy. It is expected that during peak time, there will be around 30-40 workers at a time on each site, which can easily trigger COVID-19 spread. Such a situation is dangerous and could potentially lead to loss of human lives. The health risk is also very high within the construction camps due to possibility of high density and unhygienic living conditions.

167. Mitigation. The design-build contractor shall prepare a health and safety protocol for approval by PMU through MDSC prior to commencement of work. This will contain normal internationally accepted procedures in relation to the risks imposed by the nature of the work to be undertaken, including risks associated with emerging infectious diseases such as the 2019 novel corona virus disease (COVID-19). The design-build contractor shall ensure all authorized persons present on all sites, be they his own staff, representatives of the implementing agency or the construction manager, or other visitors, are aware of any site-specific safety requirements and are supplied with hard hats and other protective clothing appropriate for the work being undertaken, including other precautionary measures against COVID-19.

168. In particular, the design-build contractor shall implement the following mitigation measures:

(i) All relevant provisions of the Bangladesh Labor Act, 2006 and relevant WHO guidelines will be adhered to, concerning the provision of adequate measures to avoid contracting and/or spreading diseases during construction phase; (ii) Follow international best practices on occupational health and safety such as those in Section 4.2 of World Bank EHS Guidelines on Construction and Decommissioning Activities;14 (iii) Follow established occupational health and safety protocol on emerging infectious diseases such as the corona virus disease (COVID-19). See Appendix 5 for a sample guidance note in responding to COVID-19; (iv) A proper occupational health and safety plan has to be prepared and will have to be followed to avoid health hazard of the workers;

14 IFC World Bank Group. 2007. Environmental, Health, and Safety (EHS) Guidelines – General EHS Guidelines: Construction and Decommissioning.

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(v) At every workplace, a readily available first aid unit, including an adequate supply of sterilized dressing material and appliances, will be provided as per the factory rules. Suitable transport will be provided to facilitate the transfer of injured or ill persons to the nearest hospital; (vi) At every workplace and construction camp, equipment and nursing staff will be provided; (vii) The design-build contractor will, at his own expense, conform to all disease prevention instructions provided by PMU through MDSC; (viii) Provide regular health check-ups, sanitation and hygiene, health care, and control of diseases for the workforce; (ix) Provide at cost all labor and materials and construct/install and maintain site safety, hard barricading, flexible green net, signboards, temporary day/light traffic diversions throughout the construction activities according to the specifications and provide personal protective equipment (PPE) to all the laborers working at the construction site; (x) Launch awareness programs concerning human trafficking and the possibility of spread of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and HIV/AIDS using brochures, posters, and signboards; (xi) Make available first aid kits, ambulance facilities, and fire extinguishers in camp sites; (xii) Compensation for the loss of life (a zero tolerance to loss of life policy should be developed and implemented) or for any type of injuries; and (xiii) Provide insurance to the workers. Health and safety training for all site personnel is very important and must be mandatory.

16. Discharge of Chlorinated Flushing Water

169. Impacts. Chlorinated water discharge due to disinfection of pipeline by chlorine may affect aquatic organisms and plants by altering reproduction rates, increasing species mortality, and changing the characteristics of the entire local ecosystem. In addition, as chlorine filters down to the water table, it can stress plant respiration and change the quality of drinking water.

170. Mitigation. Design-build contractor must dechlorinate the wastewater using PMU approved agents such as sodium thiosulphate, sodium ascorbate or hydrogen peroxide etc. Free chlorine residual (FCR) measurements of the discharge water must be taken to confirm at least <0.2 mg/L residual chlorine (as per ECR-1997 drinking quality standard) levels to verify dechlorination. However, dechlorinated water should be discharged to the approved outlet which can handle the amount of discharge without overflow. On the other hand, an alternative method is to capture the disinfected water and contain it on site to allow the chlorine to dissipate. A minimum of 2 days containment period, including exposure to sunlight, is recommended before the water can be discharged to the environment, but not before FCR measurements of the discharge water have been taken to confirm at least < 0.2 mg/L residual chlorine.

17. Reinstatement of Working Areas on Completion

171. The design-build contractor will reinstate all working areas and access routes as work proceeds during construction. All plant, equipment, materials, temporary infrastructure and vehicles will be removed at the earliest opportunity and the surface of the ground restored as near as practicable to its original condition or better.

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Table 15: Pipeline Detail for P3.2 Alignments Dia wise Length of Pipes in kilometer Total Area for Excess Branch 355 400 450 500 560 630 710 800 Length ROW Material materials Line ID (km) (m) Owner Vegetation Trees Utilities storage (m3) Sewer & C1 0.348 0.348 4 DNCC Nil Nil 1180 water Sewer, Private/ D1 1.140 0.402 1.541 4 DNCC Nil Nil water & 5383 DWASA gas Sewer, Private/ D2 1.225 1.225 4 DNCC Nil Nil water & 4159 DWASA gas Sewer, Private/ D3 0.886 0.886 4 DNCC Nil Nil water & 3163 DWASA gas Cant. Gas, water Private/ E1 1.686 1.686 4 Nil Nil 6356 Board & T&T DWASA Gas, water Private/ E1.1 0.320 0.320 4 DNCC Nil Nil &Storm 1086 DWASA sewer Gas, water Private/ E1.2 0.888 0.888 4 DNCC Nil Nil &Storm 3013 DWASA sewer Storm Private/ F1 0.692 0.692 4 DNCC Nil Nil sewer & 2350 DWASA Gas Storm Private/ F2 1.611 0.441 2.052 4 DNCC Nil Nil sewer & 7132 DWASA Gas Private/ F3 0.431 1.272 1.703 4 Rajuk Nil Nil Nil 6003 DWASA Storm Private/ G1 0.779 0.779 4 DNCC Nil Nil sewer & 2644 DWASA Gas Storm Private/ G2 0.782 1.110 1.891 4 DNCC Yes Nil sewer & 6614 DWASA Gas

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Dia wise Length of Pipes in kilometer Total Area for Excess Branch 355 400 450 500 560 630 710 800 Length ROW Material materials Line ID (km) (m) Owner Vegetation Trees Utilities storage (m3) Storm Private/ G3 0.289 0.289 4 DNCC Nil Nil sewer & 980 DWASA Gas Storm Private/ G4 1.730 1.559 1.546 4.834 4 DNCC Nil Nil sewer & 21934 DWASA Gas Gas, water Private/ H2 1.761 1.761 4 LGED Nil Nil &Storm 5976 DWASA sewer Storm Private/ H3 0.965 1.259 2.224 4 LGED Nil Nil sewer,water 8279 DWASA & Gas Storm Private/ H5 1.048 0.233 0.779 1.066 3.126 4 LGED Nil Nil sewer & 13365 DWASA Gas Storm Private/ J1 0.396 0.969 0.660 2.026 4 DNCC Yes 4 sewer & 7621 DWASA Gas Storm Private/ J1.1 1.060 1.060 4 DNCC Nil Nil sewer & 3598 DWASA Gas Storm Private/ J1.2 0.204 1.170 1.374 4 DNCC Nil Nil sewer & 5638 DWASA Gas Storm Private/ J1.2.1 0.714 0.714 4 DNCC Nil Nil sewer & 2424 DWASA Gas Storm Private/ J2 0.410 0.410 4 DNCC Nil Nil sewer & 1464 DWASA Gas Private/ J3 0.978 0.978 4 Rajuk Nil Nil Nil 5194 DWASA Storm Private/ K1 0.334 0.535 0.869 4 DNCC Nil Nil 3045 sewer,water DWASA

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Dia wise Length of Pipes in kilometer Total Area for Excess Branch 355 400 450 500 560 630 710 800 Length ROW Material materials Line ID (km) (m) Owner Vegetation Trees Utilities storage (m3) & Gas Private/ K2 3.158 3.158 4 Rajuk Nil Nil Nil 16768 DWASA Private/ K2.1 1.678 1.678 4 Rajuk Nil Nil Nil 8909 DWASA Private/ K2.1.1 0.863 0.863 4 Rajuk Nil Nil Nil 3912 DWASA Private/ K2.1.1.1 0.365 0.365 4 Rajuk Nil Nil Nil 1452 DWASA Private/ K2.1.1.2 0.707 0.707 4 Rajuk Nil Nil Nil 2987 DWASA Private/ K2.2 1.687 1.560 3.247 4 Rajuk Nil Nil Nil 14008 DWASA Total 15.625 5.260 2.761 1.624 3.606 4.171 3.272 7.374 43.693 176635 Length Trench Total 1.355 1.400 1.450 1.500 1.560 1.630 1.710 1.800 Width Volume Trench 2.505 2.550 2.600 2.650 2.710 2.780 2.860 2.950 (m3) Depth Earth 53035 18779 10410 6456 15246 18899 16001 39153 177979.9 Volume

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C. Operation and Maintenance Phase

172. Anticipated impacts of water distribution system during operation and maintenance (O&M) will be related to detection and repair of leaks, pipe bursts. These are, however, likely to be minimal, as proper design and selection of good quality pipe material shall mean that leaks are minimal. Leak repair work will be similar to the pipelaying work. Therefore, no notable operation phase impacts are anticipated from the P3.2 Project. However, the stability and integrity of the system will be monitored periodically to detect any problems and allow remedial action if required.

173. Recurrence of pipe bursting and leakage problems can be managed by the leak detection, rectification and water auditing surveys. DWASA will be required to ensure that the leak detection and rectification time is minimized.

174. The residents of the Dhaka will be the major beneficiaries of the improved water supply system, as they will be provided with a constant supply of better quality water into their homes at the appropriate pressure. The project will improve the overall health condition of the target areas in the city as water borne diseases will be reduced, so people would spend less on healthcare and lose fewer working days due to illness, thus improving their overall health, economic status, and better quality of life. This will also improve the environment in these areas.

VI. CONSULTATION, INFORMATION DISCLOSURE AND GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM

A. Consultation and Information Disclosure

175. Meaningful stakeholder consultation and participation is part of the project preparation and implementation strategy. Consultation and participation will ensure information is provided and feedback is obtained and considered on the implementation of the project. Affected persons will be consulted at various stages of project preparation to ensure: (i) incorporation of views/concerns of affected persons, particularly the vulnerable, on environmental impacts and mitigation measures; (ii) identification of any help required by affected persons during rehabilitation; and (iii) avoidance of potential conflicts for smooth project implementation.

176. Meaningful consultation will also provide adequate opportunities for participation of all stakeholders and inclusion of the vulnerable in project process. This is also the avenue where relevant information on any major changes to the project will be shared with beneficiaries, affected persons, vulnerable groups, and other stakeholders.

1. Objective and Purpose

177. The objectives of the consultations are to inform the project affected people about the project, to know the present status of environmental, social and ecological condition in the area, probable impact of the proposed project and to seek possible solutions of impacts from them; reduce conflict through the early identification of controversial issues and work with them to find acceptable solutions; increase public confidence about the proponent, reviewers and decision makers, and develop the proposal which is truly sustainable.

2. Identification of Stakeholder

178. During the field survey, significant efforts were made to identify the possible categories of stakeholders and their stakes. The stakeholders identified during field visit were the local

58 residents, government officials, shop owners, community-based organization representatives, NGOs and general public. All those stakeholders had different types of stakes according to their professions.

3. Type of Consultations

179. Consultations are of two major categories:

(i) Formal Public Consultation; and (ii) Informal Community Level Consultation.

180. Informal community level consultation was furthered divided into three types:

(i) Face to face small group; (ii) Key Informant Interview; and (iii) Focus group discussion (FGD).

181. Four formal public consultations were organized on 5 February 2020, 06 February 2020, 15 March 2020, and 16 March 2020 at Uttara, Kachukhet, Bawnia and Basundhara, respectively, in the presence of representatives from the PMU and MDSC. One ADB consultant also attended the consultations as an observer. The number of participants in four public consultations were 44 (36.36% male and 63.63% female), 27 (55.55% male and 44.44% female), 43 (55% male and 45% female) and 17 (77% male and 23% female).

182. Separately, a total of four informal community level consultations, through FGDs, have been conducted by the experts during field surveys on 05 February 2020, 06 February 2020, and 15 March 2020 wherein total 46 participants attended. Minutes of formal public consultations and informal community level consultations are in Appendix 6.

4. Consultation Methodology

183. The consultation methods adopted for these public meetings were a combination of short introductory speeches, presentation of project details utilizing photos and maps, and two-way discussions. The use of visual aids and materials enabled the participants to comprehend the issues easily, encouraging them to participate in the discussions more effectively and provide informed comments and opinions.

5. Information Provided

184. Part of the consultation process involved disseminating factual information regarding the project, with the aim of developing positive and constructive relationships with stakeholders and decreasing the likelihood of incorrect perceptions. The discussions were primarily focused on receiving maximum inputs from the participants regarding their acceptability and environmental concerns arising out of the project. Figure 8 to Figure 11 show photographs of public consultation and FGDs at various locations in the project area.

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Figure 8: Public consultations held in Uttara (left) and Kachukhet area (right)

Figure 9: Public consultations held in Bawnia (left) and Basundhara (right)

Figure 10: Focus group discussion conducted in Dakkhinkhan (Left) and Bawnia (Right)

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Figure 11: Focus group discussion conducted in Badda (Left) and Diabari, Uttara (Right)

6. Outcome of Public Consultations

185. The consultations were conducted in Uttara, Kachukhet, Bawnia and Basundhara areas where the project alignments are located. The participants welcomed the project. However, they did point out few issues of concern such as noise and air pollution, water quality, removal of utility, traffic congestion along with solid waste, community safety and grievance redress mechanism (GRM). Comments and concerns from the participants were the following:

(i) Most of the stakeholders have strong support for the early implementation of the project; (ii) Participants opined that project proponent should not compromise possible environmental issues in the name of development; (iii) Safeguard documents, including IEE report and EMP, prepared for the project should be disclosed to the community; (iv) People have raised concern of traffic congestion on the busy road during construction period and they suggested to lay the pipe at night; (v) Removal of utility must be carried out (if required) by coordinating with all relevant authorities and a contingency plan for service interruption to be prepared by the design-build contractor; (vi) Measures should be taken to mitigate environmental impacts due to pipelaying activity, such as water spray to reduce dust pollution, waste management plan for solid and construction wastes, and working hour should be only in day time for sites near the residential areas; (vii) The peripheral rivers of Dhaka city have already been polluted, thus protective measures must be taken by the government for Meghna river in particular as the source of raw water for the project; (viii) Since the source is surface water, thus raw water should be treated properly before distributing to the household through new pipelines and water quality should be tested periodically; (ix) Temporary water supply plan should be developed properly and approved accordingly to avoid issues when there is shutdown of existing water supply pipeline during construction period; (x) GRM should be established and clear contact instructions and numbers of grievance redress committee should be provided at public places. Moreover, supervision consultant including EHS expert should be appointed at site to supervise the implementation activity of the EMP during construction; and

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(xi) Concerns were raised over safety and security of the local community during construction phase of the project. As a result, construction schedule should be disclosed to the concerned local community in advance.

7. Outcome of Focus Group Discussions

186. A total of four focus group discussions were conducted with 46 participants. Comments and concerns from the participants were the following: (i) People are positively enthusiastic regarding the project; (ii) People stressed that the project should recruit workers from the local area; (iii) Alternative excavation method should be applied to avoid road excavation in the busy congested road; (iv) People opined about the construction period that it should be undertaken during dry season to prevent drainage congestion; (v) Dust pollution due to construction work must be suppressed 2-3 times per day; (vi) Expressed the need of steps to be undertaken toward minimizing noise pollution; (vii) Roadside shopkeepers have concern of loss of business due to road excavation; (viii) Road safety measures should be implemented during construction, since human receptors such as residents, pedestrians, vehicles, etc., exist along the selected pipeline alignments; (ix) Community health and safety must be considered; (x) Roads will be damaged due to construction; road rehabilitation must be done quickly; (xi) Focal person should be appointed to mitigate community problems caused during construction period; and (xii) Coordination is required among the relevant stakeholders.

8. Future Consultation and Disclosure

187. The IEE and other relevant documents will be made available at public locations in the city and posted on the DWASA and ADB websites. The consultation process will be continued and expanded during the project implementation to ensure stakeholders participate fully in project execution, as well as to implement a comprehensive information, education, and communication plan.

188. For the benefit of the community, the IEE report will be made available at (i) offices of executing and implementing agencies, (ii) consultant teams’ offices; and (iii) design-build contractor’s campsites. It will be ensured that the hard copies of IEE report are kept at places which are conveniently accessible to people, as a means to disclose the document and at the same time creating wider public awareness. An electronic version of the IEE report will be placed in the official website of executing and implementing agencies and the ADB website after clearance of the IEE by ADB. Moreover, all semi-annual environmental monitoring reports during project implementation will be available at both DWASA and ADB websites.

B. Grievance Redress Mechanism

189. A Grievance Redress Committee (GRC) has been formed at PMU level and will be established at the community level in each Union to resolve complaints and grievances informally through community participation. The GRC formed with representatives from the DWASA, local elected representatives from the Local Government Institutions (LGI), NGOs, affected

62 households, and women-headed affected households to allow voices of the affected communities to be heard and ensure a participatory decision-making process. The representative of the INGO will have the responsibility as Member Secretary of GRC. The GRC decision will be disposing up on a priority basis and be publicized among the local communities. Where the complaining parties are not satisfied with the GRC decisions, they can file their cases in the court of law.

190. The GRC will be established at the community level at Union Parishad through a gazette notification from the Ministry of Local Government, Rural Development and Cooperatives (MLGRDC).

191. The Member Secretary of GRC will be regularly available and accessible for affected households to address concerns and grievances. Female member of GRC and the female affected persons of the affected households will participate in the grievance redress session when the complainants will be a female. Legal advisor and DORP will support the GRC regularly and assist the affected persons to formulate their complaints. The grievance cases will be recorded with details and results of the cases for review. Further to note, the affected people can also go to the GRC for any environmental concern.

C. Scope and Jurisdiction of GRC

192. The scope of work and jurisdiction of GRC are:

(i) The GRCs will be established to ensure stakeholders’ participation in the implementation process and fair compensation to affected persons, and in the resolution of environmental safeguards-related complaints; (ii) The GRCs will resolve any complaint pertaining to safeguard compliance - environment, involuntary resettlement, and indigenous people, design related issues, compensation, service delivery or any other issues or concerns related to the project; (iii) The affected persons can also call upon the resettlement NGO and/or social safeguards officer and/or environmental safeguards officer of the PMU to assist them in presenting their grievances or queries to the GRC; (iv) The GRCs will receive grievance cases from the affected persons through the resettlement implementation NGO and/or social safeguards officer and/or environmental safeguards officer of the PMU; (v) Other than disputes relating to ownership right and award of compensation by the Deputy Commissioner under the Court of Law, GRCs will review grievances involving all resettlement assistances, relocation, other supports, and environmental safeguards issues. Grievances will be redressed within 21 days from the date of lodging the complaints. In cases of complicated issues requiring additional investigations, resolution will be done within a period of one month; (vi) Grievances of indirectly displaced persons and/or persons displaced during project implementation will also be addressed by the GRC; (vii) Where land acquisition will not be involved but relocation of structures or vacating land for cultivation will be required, the GRCs will facilitate resolution of complaints regarding categorization of vulnerable affected persons, types of structures, and eligibility for compensation and assistance within the set guidelines and provisions of the resettlement plan (RP); (viii) Any complaints of ownership or other suits to be resolved by the judiciary system will not be resolved in GRCs. GRC will resolve all complaints, grievances related to compensation entitled by affected persons;

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(ix) The decisions of the GRC should be ideally be arrived at through consensus, failing which resolution will be based on majority vote. Any decision made by the GRC must be within the purview of social, resettlement and environmental policy framework; (x) A minimum of four members shall form the quorum for the meeting of GRC; (xi) If needed, the GRC members may undertake field visit to verify and review the issues at dispute, including titles/share, reasons for any delay in payment or other related matters; and (xii) In case the resolution is not accepted by the affected person, the grievance will be forwarded to Project Director for final decision.

D. Filing Grievance Cases and Documentation

193. Affected persons will be able to file their grievances without any fear and intimidation. Where required, the implementing NGO and/or social safeguards officer and/or environmental safeguards officer of the PMU will assist the affected persons in drafting the grievances. All grievances must be submitted in writing to the Convener, GRC. The complaint must contain name, date, address/contact details of the affected persons or complainants, location of the problem area, along with the problem. Sample grievance registration form is included in this IEE report (see Appendix 7). The complainant may be represented by the affected person himself/herself or by an appointed agent such as locally elected officials or legal advisors. The judgment made by the GRC will be communicated to the concerned affected person in writing. If dissatisfied, and with the agreement of the GRC, the affected person may request a further review of the judgment of GRC by the Project Director. In such situation, the case will be forwarded to the Project Director with all documents. If the affected person or complainant still remains unsatisfied, he/she can go to the court of law.

194. GRC procedures and operational rules will be publicized widely through community meetings and pamphlets in the local language so that affected persons are aware of their rights and obligation, and procedures of grievance redress.

195. To ensure access and fast response to any project-related grievances from the affected people and communities, contact numbers and names of focal persons in the DWASA PMU responsible for any complaints and grievances will be posted in public areas, contractor’s field offices, Union Parishad offices, and NGO field offices.

196. All GRC documents will be maintained by the NGO for review and verification by MDSC, PMU and ADB. DWASA field offices will act as secretariat to the GRCs. As a result, the record will be up-to-date and easily accessible on-site.

197. The GRC meeting will be held in the respective field office of DWASA, DORP Office or other location as agreed by the GRC. If needed, the GRC members may take field visits to verify and review the issues at dispute, including ownership/shares, reasons for any delay in payments or other relevant matters. The complaints and grievances from the affected persons will be addressed through the process described in the Table below.

Table 16: Grievance Resolution Process Steps Action Level Process Step 1 Counselling and The NGO and/or PMU will recommend that the affected persons Reception of submit their complaints to the GRC. NGO staff and/or PMU social Complaints

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Steps Action Level Process safeguards officer and/or PMU environmental safeguards officer will assist the affected persons in filing the complaints (maximum 7 days);

Complaints and grievances from affected persons will first be heard during personal contact and focus group discussion at the village level with the involvement of the PMU social safeguard officer and/or environmental safeguards officer. At this level, complaints shall be resolved within 14 days;

If not resolved in terms of compensation issues, the DORP will counsel the affected persons for gaps in information about the policy and eligibility for compensation and resettlement assistances. The affected persons will sign and formally submit the written report to the GRCs at the office of the NGO assisting DWASA in implementing the RP;

If the complaint found outside the mandate of the GRC, the DORP will advise the aggrieved affected persons to lodge their complaints in the court of law at the district level. If the complaint is within the jurisdiction of GRC, the DORP will advise the aggrieved affected persons to formally lodge their complaints with the GRC. Step 2 GRC Resolution Member Secretary of the GRC will scrutinize the complaints and prepare case file for hearing and resolution. Complaints considered under arbitration or existing Land Acquisition (LA) law shall be referred to the Deputy Commissioner (DC) / Environmental Tribunal (for environmental related complaint). In case when DC issues unfavorable decision, the affected person may lodge the complaint to the court of law / Environmental Appeal Tribunal (for environmental related complaint).

For complaints classified as either claims not under the arbitration or LA law, or environmental safeguards-related, a formal hearing will be held before the GRC at a date fixed by the Member Secretary of GRC, in consultation with the convener and other aggrieved persons. On the date of hearing, the aggrieved persons will appear before the GRC at a place set in consultation with the affected persons and DWASA and procedure proof in support of his/her claim. The Member Secretary will note down the statement of the complainants and documents with all proofs.

GRC will deliver its decision on complaints or grievances within 21 days from the date of grievance received. The decisions from majority of the members will be considered final from the GRC and will be issued by the Convener and signed by other members of the GRC. The records of the case will be updated, and the decision will be communicated to the complainant or affected person by the Member Secretary of the GRC at the village level. Step 3 Decision from If any aggrieved or affected persons are not satisfied with the GRC PMU, DWASA decisions, the next option will be to lodge grievances to the Project Director of the DESWSP in Dhaka within two weeks after receiving the decision from the GRC. The affected persons, in the complaint, must produce documents supporting his/her claim. The Project Director, with the assistance of the PMU social safeguards officer and/or PMU environmental safeguards officer and/or MDSC social safeguards experts/resettlement experts, will review the proceedings of the GRC

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Steps Action Level Process hearing and convey its decisions to the aggrieved or affected persons within two weeks after receiving the complaint. Step 4 Decision from PD If the resolution from PMU fails to satisfy the aggrieved or affected persons, they will facilitate to forward their case for further review and settlement with the office of the Chief Engineer, DWASA at Dhaka. The aggrieved or affected persons will submit the petition with all documentary evidences of complaints and the resolution proceedings of step 2 and 3 within two weeks after the decisions are received from the PMU. Step 5 GRC Minutes The GRC minutes, approved by the Project Director, will be received and at the conveners’ office. The approved verdict is communicated to the Communicating complainant or affected person in writing. Decisions

Step 6 Decision from If the grievance redress system fails to satisfy the aggrieved or affected Court persons, they can go or pursue further action by submitting their case to the appropriate court of law at the District level.

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Figure 12: Grievance Redress Mechanism Flow Chart

198. The GRM notwithstanding, an aggrieved person shall have access to the country’s legal system at any stage. This can run parallel to accessing the GRM and is not dependent on the negative outcome of the GRM.

199. ADB Accountability Mechanism. If the established GRM is not in a position to resolve

67 the issue, the affected person may use the ADB Accountability Mechanism through directly contacting (in writing) the Complaint Receiving Officer (CRO) at ADB headquarters. Before submitting a complaint to the Accountability Mechanism, it is recommended that affected people make a good faith effort to resolve their problems by working with the concerned ADB operations department (in this case, the Bangladesh Resident Mission). Only after doing that, and if they are still dissatisfied, they could approach the Accountability Mechanism. The ADB Accountability Mechanism information will be included in the project-relevant information to be distributed to the affected communities, as part of the project GRM.

VII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

A. Institutional Arrangement

200. The project (Package 3.2 or P3.2) will be implemented under the same institutional arrangement for the ongoing DESWSP (Loan 3051). DWASA will be the executing agency responsible for overall guidance and project implementation. Figure 13 depicts the institutional arrangement for environmental safeguards of the overall project.

201. Project Management Unit. The project management unit (PMU) established under DESWSP, headed by a Project Director, will continue to implement the project and will be responsible for overall planning, management, coordination, supervision, and progress monitoring of the project. The PMU will be staffed with at least one (1) environmental safeguards officer who will lead the efficient overall implementation of environmental safeguards. The overall terms of reference of the environmental safeguards officer shall be the same as under the ongoing loan but with additional coverage of components under the proposed additional financing. The environmental safeguards officer will be supported by environment specialist consultants of MDSC, and capacity development and training. MDSC will also be staffed with additional environmental inspector who will assist the environment specialist consultant in on-the-ground environmental safeguards tasks on a daily basis. The responsibilities of the environmental safeguards officer are:

(i) review and confirm draft IEE reports are finalized based on detailed designs; (ii) for item rate or civil works contracts, update the final IEE reports based on any changes in detailed design that may occur during the implementation phase; (iii) for design-build contracts, update the draft IEE reports based on finalization of detailed design by the design-build contractor, and ensure that no civil works shall commence until such updated IEE reports are cleared by ADB; (iv) ensure that IEE reports are included in respective bidding and contract documents; (v) review and provide recommendations on the approval of site-specific EMPs (SEMPs) of contractors; (vi) provide oversight on environmental management aspects of subprojects or packages, and ensure SEMPs and EMPs are implemented by contractors; (vii) establish a system to monitor environmental safeguards of the project including monitoring the indicators set out in the monitoring plan of the EMP; (viii) facilitate and confirm overall compliance with all government rules and regulations regarding site and environmental clearances as well as any other environmental requirements as relevant; (ix) review, monitor and evaluate effectiveness with which the SEMPs and EMPs are implemented, and recommend necessary corrective actions to be taken;

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(x) with support from MDSC, consolidate monthly environmental monitoring reports from contractors and submit semi-annual environmental monitoring reports to ADB; (xi) ensure timely disclosure of final IEE reports in project website and in a form accessible to the public; (xii) address any grievances brought about through the grievance redress mechanism (GRM) in a timely manner as per the IEEs (GRM is discussed in Section VI hereof); (xiii) undertake regular review of safeguards-related loan covenants, and the compliance during program implementation; and (xiv) with support from MDSC, organize periodic capacity building and training programs on safeguards for project stakeholders, PMU, and contractors.

Figure 13: Environmental Safeguards Implementation Arrangement for the Project

ADB = Asian Development Bank, EHS = environmental, health and safety, ICB = international competitive bidding, MDSC = management, design and supervision consultant, MSC = management and supervision consultant, P = package, PMU = project management unit. Note: ICB 2.7 is planned to complete in Q1 2021, thus it will not be funded by the additional financing.

202. Management, Design and Supervision Consultant (MDSC). The MDSC will be engaged as consulting firms who will have their respective Environment Specialist Consultants to assist PMU in implementing the EMPs of all subprojects or packages under the project, including the review and updating of all necessary environmental safeguard documentation as required by ADB SPS and national laws, regulations, policies and guidelines applicable to the project. Specific tasks of the MDSC Environment Specialist Consultants are to assist PMU in:

(i) finalizing the IEE reports based on final detailed design of the subprojects or packages and in accordance with ADB SPS and national laws, regulations, policies and guidelines;

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(ii) for item rate or civil works contracts, updating the final IEE reports based on any changes in detailed design that may occur during the implementation phase; (iii) for design-build contracts, updating the draft IEE reports based on finalization of detailed design by the design-build contractor; (iv) conduct of due diligence of associated facilities and/or audit of existing facilities, if any, during the detailed design phase, as defined in ADB SPS; (v) conduct of meaningful consultations and ensure issues/concerns/suggestions raised are incorporated in the design and updated/final IEE report; (vi) ensuring relevant provisions from the updated/final IEE reports and EMPs are incorporated in the bidding and contract documents; (vii) establishing GRM and ensure members of the grievance committee have the necessary capacity to resolve project-related issues/concerns; (viii) conduct of safeguards capacity building, together with the social safeguard experts, to ensure PMU has the capacity to implement, monitor, and report on implementation of EMPs, resettlement plans and indigenous peoples plans (if any); (ix) day to day monitoring of implementation of SEMPs and EMPs at all works sites, including all potential safeguard issues identified in the safeguard documentation mentioned above; and (x) monitoring any unanticipated environmental risks or impacts that may arise during construction, implementation or operation of the project that were not considered in the IEE report and EMPs. Prepare corrective action plans and ensure that these are implemented by the contractor and reported accordingly in environmental monitoring reports to ADB.

203. Contracts and Contractors. The draft IEE reports will form part of bidding and contract documents and verified by PMU. For an item rate or civil works contract, no contract shall be awarded until the draft IEE report is finalized based on final detailed design. For a design-build contract, the draft IEE report will be updated based on the finalization of the detailed design by the design-build contractor. Therefore, a design-build contractor shall not commence or undertake any civil works until PMU confirms that the updated IEE report has been cleared by ADB. Each contractor will be required to designate an environment, health and safety supervisor to ensure implementation of EMP during civil works. Contractors are to carry out all environmental mitigation and monitoring measures outlined in their contract. The contractor will be required to submit to PMU, for review and approval, a site-specific environmental management plan (SEMP) including (i) proposed sites/locations for construction work camps, storage areas, hauling roads, lay down areas, disposal areas for solid and hazardous wastes; (ii) specific mitigation measures following the approved EMP; (iii) monitoring program per EMP; and (iv) budget for SEMP and EMP implementation. No works can commence until SEMP is approved by PMU.

204. A copy of the EMP/approved SEMP will be kept on-site during the construction period at all times. Non-compliance with, or any deviation from, the conditions set out in the EMP/SEMP constitutes a failure in compliance and will require corrective actions.

205. PMU will ensure that bidding and contract documents include specific provisions requiring contractors to comply with: (i) all applicable labor laws and core labor standards on (a) prohibition of child labor as defined in national legislation for construction and maintenance activities; (b) equal pay for equal work of equal value regardless of gender, ethnicity, or caste; and (c) elimination of forced labor; and with (ii) the requirement to disseminate information on sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV/AIDS, to employees and local communities surrounding the project sites.

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B. Environmental Management Plan

206. An environmental management plan (EMP) has been developed to provide mitigation measures to reduce all negative impacts to acceptable levels. The EMP will guide the environmentally sound construction of the project and ensure efficient lines of communication between DWASA, project management unit (PMU), consultants and contractors. The EMP will:

(i) ensure that the activities are undertaken in a responsible non-detrimental manner; (ii) provide a pro-active, feasible and practical working tool to enable the measurement and monitoring of environmental performance on site; (iii) guide and control the implementation of findings and recommendations of the environmental assessment conducted for the project; (iv) detail specific actions deemed necessary to assist in mitigating the environmental impact of the project; and (v) ensure that safety recommendations are complied with. The EMP includes a monitoring program to measure the environmental condition and effectiveness of implementation of the mitigation measures. It will include observations on-and off- site, document checks, and interviews with workers and beneficiaries.

207. The design-build contractor will be required to submit to PMU, for review and approval, a site-specific environmental management plan (SEMP) including (i) proposed sites/locations for construction work camps, storage areas, hauling roads, lay down areas, disposal areas for solid and hazardous wastes; (ii) specific mitigation measures following the approved EMP; (iii) monitoring program as per EMP; and (iv) budget for SEMP implementation. No works are allowed to commence prior to approval of SEMP.

208. A copy of the EMP/approved SEMP will be kept on site during the construction period at all times. This IEE report, which includes the EMP, is included as part of the bid and contract documents. Therefore, non-compliance with, or any deviation from, the conditions set out in this document constitutes a failure in compliance.

209. For civil works, the design-build contractor will be required to (i) carry out all of the mitigation and monitoring measures set forth in the approved SEMP; and (ii) implement any corrective or preventive actions set out in safeguards monitoring reports that the environmental inspectors will prepare from time to time to monitor implementation of the approved SEMP. The design-build contractor shall allocate budget for compliance with the SEMP measures, requirements and actions.

210. The following tables show the potential environmental impacts, proposed mitigation measures and responsible agencies for implementation and monitoring.

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Table 17: Pre-construction Phase Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures Responsible Cost and Potential Monitoring of Mitigation Field Mitigation Measures for Source of Impact Implementation Funds Consents, Failure to • Obtain all of the necessary consents, PMU / MDSC Incorporated in final design Project cost permits, obtain permits, and clearances before the (Management, and communicated to clearances, necessary start of civil works. Design and design-build contractor. etc. consents, • Acknowledge in writing and provide Supervision permits, and report on compliance all obtained Consultant) other permits, clearance, NOCs, etc. appropriate • Include in detailed design drawings regulatory and documents all conditions and clearances provisions if necessary. can result to design revisions and work stoppage Existing Impact on • Identify and include locations and Design-Build (i) List of affected Project cost Utilities telephone operators of these utilities in the Contractor in utilities and operators; lines, electric detailed design documents to prevent collaboration (ii) Bid document to underground unnecessary disruption of services with and include requirement for a cables, water during construction phase. approval of PMU contingency plan for service lines within • Require design-build contractor to interruptions, waste proposed prepare a contingency plan to include management plan and project (P3.2) actions to be taken in case of traffic management plan. routes. unintentional interruption of services. • Utilities shall be relocated and reconnected well ahead of commencement of construction works, and design-build contractor shall coordinate with utility company for relocation and reconnection before work begins. • Affected communities shall be properly informed in advance. • Reconnection of utilities shall be completed at the shortest practicable time before construction commences.

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Responsible Cost and Potential Monitoring of Mitigation Field Mitigation Measures for Source of Impact Implementation Funds Tree Removal Damage to • After the finalization of the designs Design-Build (i) PMU to report in Project cost trees and and layout of the project components, Contractor and writing the number of trees clearance of the trees within proposed MDSC cut. vegetation at construction areas will be marked. the project • Only trees that will require removal PMU will locations. within the proposed construction supervise areas of the sites will be cut. • For trees not proposed to be cut, taking all precautions to protect them from any damage from construction activities. • Trees within the corridor of impact (area required for construction) will be felled after prior approval. Road Cutting Traffic • Unnecessary road cutting should be Design-Build (i) Road category Project cost congestion, avoided. Contractor for along pipeline alignments; road accident • The design-build contractor has to preparation of (ii) Budget allocation for and dropping take all necessary safeguards to road cutting pavement restoration; of pedestrian avoid accidents at site, prevent plan, traffic (iii) Road cutting plan; in open loss/damage to all existing utilities like management (iv) Road cutting trenches etc. pipelines, telephone/electric cables, plan, payment permission from relevant for authorities (DNCC, RHD, poles etc. and any government or pavement RAJUK etc.) by PMU. private property during the contract restoration period. • DWASA will apply for the road cutting DWASA for the permission and the design-build road cutting contractor shall give full effort and permit cost for collection of road cutting permission for required days. DCC for • Road cutting plan necessary for the pavement application for road cutting restoration permission from the authorities must be prepared by the design-build contractor.

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Responsible Cost and Potential Monitoring of Mitigation Field Mitigation Measures for Source of Impact Implementation Funds • No temporary or permanent works must proceed before the design and drawings are approved by the Project Director and road cutting permission obtained from relevant authorities (DNCC, RHD, RAJUK etc.) by PMU. • The design-build contractor shall prepare a traffic management plan (road closure program or diversions) and incorporate detail of traffic diversions and pedestrian routes, all traffic signs (for the regulation and for information) and road markings shall be ensured prior to start of road cutting. Traffic Minimize • Conduct traffic impact assessments Design-Build (i) Bid document to Project cost Management traffic to plan traffic management. Contractor in include requirement for a Plan disruption • Prepare a traffic management plan collaboration traffic management plan. and (TMP) to minimize disturbance of with and congestion. vehicular traffic and pedestrians approval of PMU during construction. Access arrangements for vehicles accessing the project area will be formulated such that this will avoid community disturbance and severance, and the plan will include consideration of the following: i) lane availability and minimizing interference with traffic flows past the work site; ii) establishment of acceptable working hours and constraints; iii) agreement on time scale and establishment of traffic flow/delay requirements;

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Responsible Cost and Potential Monitoring of Mitigation Field Mitigation Measures for Source of Impact Implementation Funds iv) programming issues, including the time of year and available resources; v) discussion of the MDSC’s inspection/monitoring role; vi) establishment of complaints management system for the duration of the work.

Testing of To generate • Undertake baseline quality tests of Design-Build (i) Air quality- PM10, environmental the baseline air, noise, water in the Project site to Contractor PM2.5, COx, NOx, SOx. quality (air, data to serve as benchmark for subsequent through a (ii) Noise level in Leq noise, water protect the monitoring. nationally (dB). quality) environment recognized (iii) Water quality test of the Project laboratory report (pH, EC, TSS, DO, area. BOD, COD, Total N, Total P, TC, FC). Construction Conflicts with • Prioritize areas within or nearest Design-Build (i) List of selected sites Project cost work camps, local possible vacant space in the project Contractor to for construction work stockpile community; location. finalize locations camps, hot mix plants, areas, disruption to • Do not consider residential areas. in consultation stockpile areas, storage storage traffic flow and • Take extreme care in selecting sites and approval of areas, and disposal areas. areas, and sensitive to avoid direct disposal to water body PMU (ii) Written consent of disposal receptors which will inconvenience the landowner/s areas. community. • Prepare layout plan of the work / labor camp including description of precautionary measures. • Prepare sewage management plan, e.g. installation of (temporary) cesspits, safe disposal of sewage from the camp. • Prepare waste management plan, collection, segregation and disposal of waste, combustible waste to be disposed properly. Non- combustible, non-recyclable garbage sent to the designated landfill site.

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Responsible Cost and Potential Monitoring of Mitigation Field Mitigation Measures for Source of Impact Implementation Funds • Prepare layout plan of equipment maintenance area, lubricant and fuel storage area, car wash area must be at least 50m away from surface water Updating of Expecting • Update IEE based on detailed Design-Build (i) Final IEE and EMP Project cost IEE and minor impacts, designs, and submitted to ADB for Contractor and reviewed, approved and Preparation during review, approval, and disclosure prior MDSC disclosed of SEMP construction to commencement of work. (ii) Posting of SEMP at period only • Formulate SEMP and get approval worksites and mitigation from the PD. measures are • Relevant information disclosed. addressed.

Table 18: Construction Phase Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures Duration/ Field Potential Impact Magnitude Mitigation Measures Responsibility Extent Physical Characteristics Topography Sand, gravel or crushed • Utilize readily available sources with Design-Build landforms, stone will be required for environmental clearance and license. Contractor and geology, and the project. • Obtain approval of implementing agency if MDSC soils and river new quarries and borrow sites are morphology Extraction of natural necessary, abstract construction material and hydrology aggregate materials may like gravel and sand from licensed quarries cause localized changes in only. topography and landforms • Store stripped materials as not to disrupt (if on land) or river natural drainage and protect them to morphology and hydrology prevent erosion and migration of soil (if on the river). particles into surface waters. • Provide temporary ditches and/or settling basins to collect run-off water and to prevent erosion and contamination of surface water. • Plant exposed areas with suitable vegetation at the earliest opportunity and prevent ponding of water through temporary drains discharging to natural drainage channels.

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Duration/ Field Potential Impact Magnitude Mitigation Measures Responsibility Extent • Restore sites after construction activities by stabilizing contours and slopes, spreading stripped materials to promote percolation and re- growth of vegetation, and draining any standing water. Land utilized for quarry sites access roads will also be restored. Land/Soil Soil contamination due to • Provide double walled fuel tanks or store Design-Build Quality leakages of fuel and single walled fuel tanks in collecting basin Contractor and mineral oil. for refueling construction engines. MDSC • Provide modern non-leaking equipment. • Provide mineral oil adhesive agent. • Collect contaminated soil and dispose in appropriate disposal site, such as sanitary landfill. Laying of Project pipeline will cross • Trenching and backfilling operations at the Design-Build Pipeline on several water bodies which canal crossings/stream crossings will be Contractor and the canal and may cause siltation and carried out in the lean seasons, when the MDSC stream reduction in the quality of flow will be minimum, and disruption will adjacent bodies of water. also be minimum. • In case of crossings at existing minor Degradation of water flow. bridges and culverts, the design-build contractor will ensure that there is no impact/disturbance to the bridges/culverts due to crossing of the water pipelines. • Silt fencing to be provided at all water bodies near canal and streams. • Do not disturb the water body except the actual work area; no equipment, machinery shall be operated outside the work area; • Avoid use of fuels, chemicals & lubricants; ensure no spillage; • Clean up the area after the completion & prior to the onset of monsoon flow. Surface Water Soil erosion from trenching • Provision of temporary sedimentation canal Design-Build Quality and excavation, run-off and/or silt traps along construction areas, Contractor and from stockpiled materials particularly alignments that are adjacent to MDSC receiving bodies of water or canals.

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Duration/ Field Potential Impact Magnitude Mitigation Measures Responsibility Extent Chemicals such as fuels • The measures to address soil erosion at the and lubricants may pollute proposed facilities will consist of measures runoff during rainfall, which as per design, or as directed by the MDSC may cause pollution of to control soil erosion, sedimentation, and adjacent bodies of water. water pollution. All temporary sedimentation, pollution control works, and maintenance thereof will be deemed incidental to the earthwork or other items of Effluent from labor camp work. sites and constructions • Ensure proper compaction of refilled soil sites may pollute surface and there shall not be any loose soil waters. particles on the top; the material shall be refilled in layers and compacted properly layer by layer. • Use surplus soil for beneficial purposes such as in any other construction activities, or to raise the level of low lying areas. • Avoid scheduling of excavation work during the monsoon season. Earthworks during dry season. • Confine construction area including the material storage (sand and aggregate) so that runoff from upland areas will not enter the site. • Ensure that drains are not blocked with excavated soil • Stockyards at least 50 meters (m) away from watercourses. • Fuel and other petroleum products stored at storage areas away from water drainage and protected by impermeable lining and bunded 110%. • No obstruction in flowing water. • For effluents from work place, camps, and offices, provide treatment arrangements such as retention ponds and septic tanks which should be incorporated in the facility

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Duration/ Field Potential Impact Magnitude Mitigation Measures Responsibility Extent designs. A sewage management plan has to be prepared by the design-build contractor and agreed with the MDSC. • Monitor water quality according to the environmental management plan. Groundwater Contamination of • Prevent pollutants from contaminating the Design-Build Quality groundwater from soil and the ground water Contractor and construction-related • Storage of lubricants and fuel at least 50 m MDSC sources such as fuel and from water bodies liquid wastes. • Storage of fuel and lubricants in double hulled tanks. Fuel and other petroleum products stored at storage areas away from water drainage and protected by impermeable lining and bunded 110%. • Daily control of machinery and vehicles for leakages • Collection of waste during construction activities • Provide uncontaminated water for dust suppression • Enclose the construction area to prevent unauthorized access Air Quality Dust from construction • Take every precaution to reduce the levels Design-Build related traffic and of dust at construction sites, and not Contractor and machinery. exceeding the pre-project ambient air MDSC quality standards. Dust from works, carrying • Fit all heavy equipment and machinery with machinery equipment to air pollution control devices that are the site, and roads due to operating correctly. vehicle movements • Vehicles travelling to and from the construction site must adhere to speed ● Air pollution generated limits so as to avoid producing excessive from exhaust/emissions of dust. engines. • Reduce dust by spraying stockpiled soil, excavated materials, and spoils. • Cover with tarpaulin vehicles transporting soil and sand.

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Duration/ Field Potential Impact Magnitude Mitigation Measures Responsibility Extent • Cover stockpiled construction materials with tarpaulin or plastic sheets. • Trenching and transport vehicles shall move only in designated areas and roads. • Water spraying to access roads, camp sites and work sites to reduce dust emissions. • Machines and vehicles must be regularly examined and maintained to comply with requirements of technical specifications. • All vehicles, equipment, and machinery used for construction will be regularly maintained to ensure that pollution emission levels comply with the relevant requirements of DoE. Copies of conformance will be submitted regularly to the MDSC. • Repair and maintain access roads, as necessary. • Monitor air quality according to the environmental management plan. Acoustic Temporary increase in • Regular maintenance of vehicles, Design-Build Environment noise level and vibrations equipment, and machinery to keep noise Contractor and and Vibration by excavation equipment, from these at a minimum. MDSC and the transportation of • If possible, use modern vehicles and materials, equipment and machinery with low noise emissions. people. Nevertheless, all vehicles and equipment used for construction will be fitted with exhaust silencers. During routine servicing operations, the effectiveness of exhaust silencers will be checked, and if found to be defective, will be replaced. • Prepare work schedule with community consultation and local administration • Use of low noise generating equipment. • Minimize drop heights. • No use of horns unless necessary. • Maintain low noise levels.

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Duration/ Field Potential Impact Magnitude Mitigation Measures Responsibility Extent • Warning signs in noise hazard areas. Require workers to wear ear plugs while in these areas. • Identify vibration risk to nearby structures. Take caution working in such areas. Solid Wastes Offensive visual condition • Prepare and implement a waste Design-Build and due to disposal of management plan. Safe disposal of the Contractor and Aesthetics bituminous wastes / extraneous material will be ensured in the MDSC construction waste / debris pre-identified disposal locations. To enable / cut material / hazardous minimization of waste disposal and do this material in an environmentally safe manner, the waste management plan will consider the following: (i) Recover used oil and lubricants and reuse in adequate storage facilities or remove from the site; (ii) Manage solid waste according to the following preference hierarchy: reuse, recycle, or dispose of in designated areas; (iii) Reuse bituminous waste generated in road construction, based on its suitability for reuse, to the maximum extent possible. Cut material generated because of construction will be utilized as filling material. Remaining material if any will be disposed of safely at the disposal sites; (iv) Remove all wreckage, rubbish, or temporary structures that are no longer required; and (v) Restore pre-project environmental conditions through the implementation of environmental restoration work. • Minimize stockpile size • Clear wastes regularly • Avoid stockpiling of excess spoils. • Cover delivery trucks during transportation. • Clean roads. Biological Characteristics

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Duration/ Field Potential Impact Magnitude Mitigation Measures Responsibility Extent Flora Potential loss of trees along • Tree cutting will be avoided, or minimized if Design-Build resources road alignments due to total avoidance is not possible. Contractor and cutting/felling. • No trees, shrubs or groundcover will be MDSC removed or vegetation stripped without the prior permission of the environmental specialist MDSC and PMU; • Trees within the corridor of impact (area required for construction) will be felled after obtaining permit from appropriate government agency and approval by the construction supervision. • Three trees of the same species shall be planted for each tree to be felled. • Indigenous tree species should be planted. • Early replanting and regular watering of the disturbed areas with local native vegetation should be undertaken to ensure speedy recovery of the cleared vegetation. Aquatic Potential loss of fish and • Designs to ensure cross-drainage through Design-Build resources other surface water the provision of balancing culverts and Contractor and species. sufficient cross-movement, including MDSC movement of fishes, shall be done to minimize severance impacts on khals and fish ponds cut across by the alignment. Socio-economic and Cultural Characteristics Mobility of Potential road closures due • Formulate and implement the Traffic Design-Build pedestrians to construction activities. Management Plan. Contractor and and other • Prepare suitable transportation routes. The MDSC forms of Hauling of construction diversion shall be done in coordination with transport materials and operation of the traffic police division for necessary equipment on-site can rerouting of traffic and traffic management. cause traffic problems. • Safe passage for vehicles and pedestrians. • Schedule material deliveries on low traffic hours. • Erect and maintain barricades if required

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Duration/ Field Potential Impact Magnitude Mitigation Measures Responsibility Extent • Inform through display board about nature, duration of construction and contact for complaints. • Complete the work quickly in nearby institution, place of worship, business, hospitals, and schools. • Consult with business and institutions for work schedules. In critical areas such as schools or hospitals, operating hours are factored into work schedules and workforce is increased for speedy completion. • Restore damaged properties and utilities. • Provide temporary access to properties adjacent to the construction site will be provided through the construction of ramps with concrete slabs for use of pedestrians and light vehicles. Economic Disturbance to business • Place walkways and metal sheets where Design-Build Activities operations, and other required to maintain access across trenches Contractor and economic activities of for people and vehicles. MDSC people due to construction • Increase workforce in front of critical areas work such as institutions, places of worship, business establishments, hospitals, and schools. • Consult businesses and institutions regarding operating hours and factoring this into work schedules. • Provide signboards for pedestrians to inform them of nature and duration of construction works and contact numbers for concerns/complaints. Employment Benefits from employing • To the extent possible, labor force should be Design-Build local people in construction recruited from the local community Contractor and work MDSC

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Duration/ Field Potential Impact Magnitude Mitigation Measures Responsibility Extent Community Disturbance of residents • The movement of construction materials Design-Build health and and local business due to and equipment, to the extent possible, will Contractor and safety mobilization and/or be planned along major roads, with the MDSC demobilization of heavy exception of access roads to the site. In the equipment and event of movement of construction vehicles and equipment on the narrow roads, machineries. strengthening of these roads will be carried out, and timing of movement of heavy vehicles worked out to avoid peak hours and nighttime, and to ensure minimal disturbances to the communities and the resident population along these roads. Construction traffic has to be consulted with traffic police and local affected institutions. Disturbance/nuisance/noise • Code of conduct for workers includes Design-Build due to construction restricting workers in designated areas, no Contractor and activities, including hauling open defecation, no littering, no firewood MDSC of construction materials or collection, no fire except designated places, solid wastes. no trespassing, no residence at construction sites, and no obligation to potentially dangerous work. • Follow international best practices on community health and safety such as those in Section 4.3 of World Bank Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) Guidelines on Construction and Decommissioning Activities15. • Follow established community health and safety protocol on emerging infectious diseases such as COVID19. See Appendix 5 for a sample guidance note in responding to COVID-19; • Maintain a complaint logbook in worker’s camp and take action promptly of complaints.

15 Footnote 9

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Duration/ Field Potential Impact Magnitude Mitigation Measures Responsibility Extent • Plan transportation routes in consultation with rural authorities, road department, and Police. • Schedule transportation activities by avoiding peak traffic periods. • Clean wheels and undercarriage of haul trucks prior to leaving construction site. • Educate drivers: limit speed between 20-25 km/h in settlements and avoid use of horn. • Earmark parking place for construction equipment and vehicles when idling; no parking shall be allowed on the roads, that may disturb the traffic movement. • Provide prior information to local people about work; • No night time construction activities including material/waste haulage near or within residential areas. Construction activities in these areas must be prohibited from 9pm to 7am. • Noise barriers must be installed in housing areas to reduce the noise level. Damages to utilities, private • Immediately inform service providers to any Design-Build properties, and services damages to utilities during construction. Contractor and during construction • Replace (or compensate for) public and MDSC private physical structures damaged due to construction or vibration. Compensation and assistance will be provided in accordance with the provisions of the RP. • Provide prior public information about the likely disruption of services. In consultation and with support from DWASA, the design- build contractor will provide alternative arrangements for water supply in the event of disruption beyond a reasonable time, for instance, through tankers.

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Duration/ Field Potential Impact Magnitude Mitigation Measures Responsibility Extent Occupational Impact on health of workers, • All relevant provisions of the Bangladesh Design-Build Health and including risk of diseases Labor Act, 2006 and relevant WHO Contractor and Safety (malaria, dengue fever, HIV guidelines will be adhered to, concerning MDSC Aids) and physical injury the provision of adequate measures to from any form of force avoid contracting and/or spreading diseases during construction phase. majeure. • Follow international best practices on occupational health and safety such as those in Section 4.2 of World Bank EHS Guidelines on Construction and Decommissioning Activities16. • At every workplace, a readily available first aid unit, including an adequate supply of sterilized dressing material and appliances, will be provided as per the factory rules. Suitable transport will be provided to facilitate the transfer of injured or ill persons to the nearest hospital. • At every workplace and construction camp, equipment and nursing staff will be provided. • The design-build contractor will, at his own expense, conform to all disease prevention instructions given to him by the MDSC. • Provide regular health check-ups, sanitation and hygiene, health care, and control of epidemic diseases to the workforce. • The design-build contractor shall provide at cost all labor and materials and construct/install and maintain site safety, hard barricading, flexible green net, signboards, temporary day/light traffic diversions throughout the construction activities according to the specifications and

16 Footnote 10

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Duration/ Field Potential Impact Magnitude Mitigation Measures Responsibility Extent provide Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) to all the laborers working at the construction site. • Launch awareness programs concerning human trafficking and the possibility of spread of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and HIV/AIDS using brochures, posters, and signboards. • Make available first aid kits, ambulance facilities, and fire extinguishers in camp sites. • Compensation for the loss of life (a zero tolerance to loss of life policy should be developed and implemented) or for any type of injuries. • Provide insurance to the workers. Health and safety training for all site personnel is very important and must be mandatory. Insufficient hygiene in the • Any construction of labor camp should be Design-Build construction camps and constructed following the standards outlined Contractor and sites in the IFC/EBRD Accommodation Guidance MDSC Note, including hygienic facilities with proper ablution facilities and waste management. • Provide safe drinking water in sufficient quantity for the workforce at the construction site as well as at the construction camps. • Provide adequate toilets, separate for women and men, at the construction sites, with septic tanks. Sewage management plan for the work camp has to be prepared by the design-build contractor and agreed with the construction supervision.

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Duration/ Field Potential Impact Magnitude Mitigation Measures Responsibility Extent • Provide garbage bins in the camps, empty regularly and the garbage disposed of in a hygienic manner. A waste management plan for the work camp has to be prepared by the design-build contractor and agreed with the MDSC. • Make arrangement for disposal of excreta in accordance with local or national guidelines. Risk of design-build • National laws on child labor will be strictly Design-Build contractor or followed. No child labor will be allowed by Contractor and subcontractors hiring child the design-build contractor or MDSC labor in the construction subcontractors in any of the project activities. activities. Health risk of construction • Prepare the health and safety guidance for Design-Build workers due to COVID-19 COVID-19 at work sites and get approval Contractor and from PD; MDSC • Strictly follow and implement the H&S guidance for COVID-19 at worksite; • Everyone entering the worksite must wear a mask, gloves and hard shoes. • At the entrance of the worksite/camp site every personnel must wash their hands for 20 second with maintaining a distance of at least 1m (3 feet) from each other; • A designated EHS/Medical person should stay all time during work and ensure physical distances (minimum 1m) among workers, disinfecting surfaces that are commonly used and investigate worker/site personnel health and safety. • Discourage site personnel to gather and gossip at any time, rather encourage physical distance while chatting/discussing. • Ensure sufficient stock of soap, sanitizer, washing facility and safe water at the workers’ dwelling (both camp site and home).

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Duration/ Field Potential Impact Magnitude Mitigation Measures Responsibility Extent • Encourage frequent hand washing and social distancing at campsite. • Ensure personal distance at least 1 meter (3 feet), preferably 2m (6ft) during lunch, dinner and prayer. • Train workers on how to properly put on, use/wear, and take off protective clothing and equipment. Make these trainings mandatory at worksites and provide 10-15 minutes of a workday for such ‘training and encouragement’ activities. Historical, Cultural, and Archaeological Characteristics Physical and Loss of common property • Designs to be worked out to minimize Design-Build cultural resources, religious impacts on these assets and/or properties Contractor and heritage structures, and other and/or resources. MDSC historical and cultural • Obtain no-objection or approval of resources. asset/property removal from relevant local and/or national government agencies. Impact on archeological • In the event of an archaeological chance Design-Build sites - chance finds find at the construction site, the design-build Contractor and contractor will stop workers or any other MDSC persons from removing and damaging any chance find artifacts and will, immediately upon discovery thereof, inform the MDSC of such discovery and carry out the MDSC’s instructions for dealing with the same, awaiting which all work will be stopped within 100 m in all directions from the site of discovery. The MDSC will seek direction from the Department of Archaeology before instructing the design-build contractor to resume work on the site. EMP Irreversible impact to the • Project manager and all key workers of Design-Build Implementation environment, workers, and design-build contractor will be required to Contractor and Training community. undergo EMP implementation including MDSC spoils management, Standard operating procedures (SOP) for construction works;

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Duration/ Field Potential Impact Magnitude Mitigation Measures Responsibility Extent health and safety (H&S), core labor laws, applicable environmental laws etc.

Submission of Unsatisfactory compliance • Appointment of design-build contractor’s Design-Build EMP to EMP supervisor to ensure SEMP implementation. Contractor and Implementation • Timely submission of monitoring reports MDSC Report including photo-log.

Table 19: Post-construction and Operation Phase - Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures Duration / Field Potential Impact Magnitude Mitigation Measures Responsibility Extent Discharge of Chlorinated discharge • Design-build contractor shall Design-Build Contractor chlorinated due to disinfection of dechlorinate the wastewater using and MDSC flushing water pipeline may affect PMU approved agents- sodium aquatic organisms and thiosulphate, sodium ascorbate or plants by altering hydrogen peroxide etc. reproduction rates, increasing species • As alternative method, capture the mortality, and changing disinfected water on site for the characteristics of the minimum of 2 days’ containment entire local ecosystem. It period, including exposure to can also stress plant sunlight to dissipate the chlorine. respiration and change • Free chlorine residual (FCR) the quality of drinking measurements of the discharge water. water must be taken to confirm at least <0.2 mg/L residual chlorine (as per ECR-1997 drinking quality standard) levels to verify dechlorination. • Dechlorinated water to be discharged to the approved outlet which may handle the amount of the discharge.

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Duration / Field Potential Impact Magnitude Mitigation Measures Responsibility Extent Labor camp Nuisance and pollution • The design-build contractor will Design-Build Contractor sites due to abandonment of prepare site restoration plans for and MDSC labor camp sites. approval by the MDSC. The plan will be implemented by the design- build contractor prior to demobilization. On completion of the works, all temporary structures will be cleared away, all rubbish properly disposed by authorized contractor, excreta or other disposal pits or trenches filled in and effectively sealed off, and the site left clean and tidy, at the design-build contractor’s expense. The site will be restored to pre- project conditions through the removal of all extraneous material on site. During the site clearance and earthwork, it the necessary to be careful about the following: o No soil erosion occurs; plantation can be done to protect soil erosion. o No landslides occur. • No siltation occurs at the disposal site of soil and debris. Construction Environmental conditions • DWASA will undertake seasonal DWASA, O&M area / monitoring of air, water, noise, and Contractor alignments soil quality through an approved monitoring agency. The parameters to be monitored, frequency and duration of monitoring, as well as the locations to be monitored will be as per the monitoring plan prepared. • DWASA will revegetate and landscape appropriate construction

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Duration / Field Potential Impact Magnitude Mitigation Measures Responsibility Extent work and other areas utilized during construction phase.

Construction Check for blockage and • Leak detection and water auditing DWASA area / leakage problems to reduce the water losses alignments • Ensure leak detection and restoration time is minimized to the extent possible. Water Impacts on public health • Contamination of treated water DWASA, O&M contamination during distribution should be Contractor during prevented by quickly identifying, distribution isolating and repairing the leak section. Develop a system of leak detection and rectification. • Conduct regular monitoring of water quality including biological contamination and ensure that water supplied at all times meets the DOE drinking water standards.

Table 20: Construction Stage Environmental Monitoring Plan Monitoring Cost and Source of Monitoring Field Monitoring Location Frequency Responsibility Parameters Funds Construction All work sites Implementation of Weekly during PMU and safeguards No separate costs disturbances, dust control, noise construction specialists required. These nuisances, public and control, traffic consultants monitoring activities worker safety management, and are part of the tasks of safety measures. PMU and Environmental Safeguards Consultants. Ambient air quality 3 locations PM10, PM2.5 NOx, Once before start of Design-build SO2,CO construction contractor

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Monitoring Cost and Source of Monitoring Field Monitoring Location Frequency Responsibility Parameters Funds (to be selected during implementation to Quarterly (yearly 4- represent the overall times) during project area) construction (2-year period considered) Ambient noise Selected locations Day time and night Once before start of Design-build (same as air quality time noise levels (24 construction contractor monitoring) hours) Quarterly (yearly 4- times) during construction (2-year period considered) Water Quality Selected water pH, EC, TSS, DO, Once before start of Design-build bodies along the BOD, COD, Total N, construction contractor project alignment Total P, TC, FC Quarterly (yearly 4- times) during construction (2-year period considered)

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C. Capacity Building

211. The present capacity of DWASA on safeguards planning and implementation is not adequate to handle safeguard issues. To ensure effective implementation of environmental aspects as outlined in this IEE report, an environmental safeguard officer/responsible person will be recruited to oversee the EMP implementation.

212. The Management, Design and Supervision Consultant (MDSC) Environmental Specialists will train and assist the DWASA according to the training program outlined below, to ensure smooth implementation and monitoring of the EMP.

213. The proposed capacity building program will include: (i) sensitization of DWASA staff and stakeholders on environmental management, including on the ADB, and Government of Bangladesh requirements on environment; (ii) capacity building programs to improve the capability of environment staff at all levels in carrying out/monitoring and implementing environmental management measures for the Project; and (iii) capacity building programs on environmental issues including quality monitoring.

214. The MDSC Environmental Specialist will provide the basic training required for environmental awareness followed by specific aspects of infrastructure improvement projects along with environmental implications for projects. Specific modules customized for the available skill set will be devised after assessing the capabilities of the members of the Training Program and the requirements of the Project. The entire training would cover basic principles of environmental assessment and management mitigation plans and programs, implementation techniques, monitoring methods and tools. The proposed training program along with the frequency of sessions is presented in table below.

Table 21: Training Modules for Environmental Management Form of Trainer Program Description Participants Training Duration /Agency Introduction Sensitization DWASA Workshop One-day MDSC and on engineers / workshop Environmental sensitization Environmental management during Specialist/ to concerns team, officials constructio DWASA environment responsible n issues Environmental for impacts of implementing urban the Project, infrastructure and other improvement DWASA projects Officials and Environment Environmental al Inspectors regulations of the Government and ADB environmental regulations

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Form of Trainer Program Description Participants Training Duration /Agency Coordination between departments for implementation of environmental issues. Project Sensitization DWASA Workshops Two days MDSC training on and training for engineers/ , site visits before and hazards, engineering and management during health, safety management Team, constructio and professionals, to environment n environmenta be involved in inspectors l issues on-site pertaining to execution and the Project operation of the proposed facilities.

EMP Implementatio DWASA Lectures Two-day MDSC implementatio n of EMP engineers, and field session at Environmenta n Identification of officials visit construction l Specialist environment responsible stage impacts for Monitoring and implementin reporting for g the Project, EMP Public and other interactions DWASA / and Design consultations Supervision Coordination Consultant for consents staff with various departments Monitoring formats filling and review of impacts

D. Environmental Budget

215. Costs for implementing the EMP in this IEE report include monitoring costs during construction and capacity building costs on environmental management, which are absorbed into design-build contractor’s work packages. The costs for training proposed include the costs incurred toward site visits, travel to the training program by participants, printing of training materials, and other logistic arrangements. The costs involved towards preparation of training material and training are covered in the consultancy budget for the MDSC. These costs are presented in Table 22 below.

216. The cost estimates mentioned in Table 22 are indicative amounts. These shall be reviewed by the design-build contractor, and assessed if enough for implementing the EMP. Any

95 budget shortfall, including other necessary measures identified during the implementation phase, shall be supplemented from the provisional sum of the design-build contractor’s contract.

217. As such, these costs must be included in the Contract documents along with a copy of IEE. The EMP implementation shall be integrated into the Project Administration Manual PAM, and in bid and contract document should be reviewed by design-build contractor.

Table 22: Cost Estimates to Implement the EMP Total Costs Rate Cost Particulars Stage Unit numbe covered (BDT) (BDT) r by Mitigation Measures Environmental Construction DB mitigation / Contractor enhancement (Design measures Build integrated into Contractor the designs ) and costs included as part of civil works Sub-Total (A) 300,000.00 Monitoring Measures Air Quality Pre- Per 3 20,000.0 60,000.00 DB monitoring Construction: locatio 0 Contractor Once at 3 n sites Air Quality Construction: Per 24 20,000.0 480,000.00 DB monitoring Quarterly/Yea locatio 0 Contractor r for 2 years at n 3 sites Noise level Pre- Per 6 5,000.00 30,000.00 DB Construction: locatio Contractor Once at 3 n sites during day and night Noise level Construction: Per 48 5,000.00 240,000 DB Quarterly/Yea locatio Contractor r for 2 years at n 3 sites during day and night Water Quality Pre- Per 3 8,000.00 24,000.00 DB monitoring Construction: locatio Contractor Once at 3 n sites Water Quality Construction: Per 24 8,000.00 192,000.00 DB monitoring Quarterly/Yea locatio Contractor r for 2 years at n 3 sites

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Total Costs Rate Cost Particulars Stage Unit numbe covered (BDT) (BDT) r by Water Quality Operation Per 3 8,000.00 24,000.00 DWASA monitoring locatio n Adequacy of Post Per 9 10,000.0 90,000.00 DWASA solid waste construction visit 0 management and operation system Survival Rate Operation Per 4 25,000.0 100,000.00 DWASA of Plantation locatio 0 and n landscaping Socioeconomi Operation Per 4 25,000.0 100,000.00 DWASA c monitoring locatio 0 n Sub-Total (B) 13,40,000.0 0 Capacity Building Introduction Preconstructio LS - - 50,000.00 DB and n Contractor sensitization to environmental issue Project Preconstructio LS - - 100,000.00 DB training on n Contractor hazards, health, safety, and environmental issues EMP Construction LS - - 100,000.00 DB implementatio Contractor n Sub-Total (C) 250,000.00 Total (A+B+C) 1,890,000.0 0 Total (in $) @ 22,293.15 BDT84.7794 per $

VIII. MONITORING AND REPORTING

218. PMU will monitor the progress of EMP implementation. The PMU, with support from MDSC, will undertake site inspections and document review to verify compliance with the EMP and progress toward the final outcome. The design-build contractor will conduct day to day implementation of the SEMP.

219. The design-build contractor will submit monthly reports to the PMU. The monthly reports will include compilation of copies of monitoring sheets accomplished and duly signed by the design-build contractor’s EHS supervisor (or equivalent) on a daily basis. A sample daily

97 monitoring sheet which can be used by the design-build contractor is in Appendix 8. This monitoring sheet is indicative which can be further enhanced depending on the actual situations at construction sites.

220. PMU, with support from MDSC, shall consolidated reports from the design-build contractor. PMU shall accomplish semi-annual environmental monitoring reports (SEMRs), which shall be submitted to ADB for review and disclosure on ADB website. Submission of SEMR will continue until ADB issues a Project Completion Report. The template for the SEMR is attached as Appendix 9.

221. ADB will carry out the following monitoring actions to supervise the project:

(i) On a need basis, conduct visits for project sites with potential adverse environmental or social impact; (ii) Conduct supervision missions with detailed review by ADB’s environment/social safeguard specialists and/or officers and/or consultants for components with adverse environmental and social impacts; (iii) Review the SEMRs submitted by PMU to ensure that adverse impacts and risks are mitigated as planned in the EMP; (iv) Work with PMU to rectify to the extent possible any failures to comply with its environmental safeguard commitments, as covenanted in the loan agreement and elaborated in all environmental safeguard documents; and formulate and implement a corrective action plan to re-establish compliance as appropriate; and (v) Prepare a project completion report that assesses whether the objective and desired outcomes of the safeguard plans have been achieved, taking into account the baseline conditions and the results of monitoring.

222. ADB’s monitoring and supervision activities are carried out on an on-going basis until a Project Completion Report (PCR) is issued. ADB issues a PCR within 1-2 years after the project is physically completed and in operation.

IX. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

223. The impacts during the construction phase of the project are primarily due to the trenching and clearing of the solid wastes and are briefly described in the following paragraphs. The proposed project will not have any significant adverse impacts on the environment since the project activities will be limited within the pipeline corridor. The impacts of the project are site specific, reversible and are confined within the property. The construction sites do not impair any ecologically sensitive area or cultural site of importance.

224. Most of the adverse impacts are likely to occur during the construction phase and are considered as temporary in nature. The anticipated adverse environmental impacts are manageable and can be mitigated through proper design and consideration of the proposed mitigation measures.

225. There will be water pollution, sanitation, and health hazards due to presence of worker’s camp. Community and occupational health and safety measures will be put in place following international best practices.

226. Construction health and safety plan, waste management plan and sewage management plan shall be required from the design-build contractor, including provision of first-aid facilities,

98 among others, to provide measures and procedures in addressing occupational health and safety at the construction site.

227. Based on the analysis conducted in this assessment it is concluded that overall the project will result in significant positive socio-economic benefits, and those potential negative environmental impacts that have been identified are small-scale and localized, and can be minimized adequately through good design and the appropriate application of mitigation measures. It is therefore recommended that the project be supported by ADB, subject to the implementation of the commitments contained in the EMP and allocation of appropriate technical, financial and human resources by implementing agencies such as DWASA, construction supervision consultant and contractors to ensure these commitments are effectively and expediently implemented. However, this IEE report shall be updated based on finalization of the detailed design by the design-build contractor. In such case, PMU shall undertake additional or new environmental assessment, if necessary; and submit to ADB the updated IEE report for final review and disclosure. No civil works shall commence until the updated IEE report is cleared by ADB.

Appendix 1 99

Appendix 1

Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist

Instructions:

(i) The project team completes this checklist to support the environmental classification of a project. It is to be attached to the environmental categorization form and submitted to the Safeguards Division (SDSS) for endorsement by the Director, SDSS and for approval by the Chief Compliance Officer. (ii) This checklist focuses on environmental issues and concerns. To ensure that social dimensions are adequately considered, refer also to ADB's: (a) checklists on involuntary resettlement and Indigenous Peoples; (b) poverty reduction handbook; (c) staff guide to consultation and participation; and (d) gender checklists. (iii) Answer the questions assuming the “without mitigation” case. The purpose is to identify potential impacts. Use the “remarks” section to discuss any anticipated mitigation measures.

Country/Project Title: BAN / Dhaka Environmentally Sustainable Water Supply Project – Additional Financing

Sector Division: SAUW

Screening Questions Yes No Remarks

A. Project Siting

Is the project area… ▪ Densely populated?  Dhaka City is a densely populated area. The project alignments are within the center of Dhaka City.. ▪ Heavy with development activities?  Many development activities are ongoing in Dhaka City. These activities include rehabilitation of existing roads, and construction of new railway lines, new roads, and new high rise commercial and residential buildings, among others. ▪ Adjacent to or within any environmentally sensitive areas?  There is no cultural heritage site located adjacent or • Cultural heritage site near the project alignments.  There is no protected area located adjacent or near • Protected Area the project alignments.  There is no wetland located adjacent or near the • Wetland project alignments.  There is no mangrove located adjacent or near the • Mangrove project alignments. Dhaka is not along a coastal area.  There is no estuarine located adjacent or near the • Estuarine project alignments. Dhaka is not along a coastal area.  There is no buffer zone of protected area located • Buffer zone of protected area adjacent or near the project alignments. • Special area for protecting  There is no special area for protecting biodiversity biodiversity located adjacent or near the project alignments.  There is no bay located adjacent or near the project • Bay alignments. Dhaka is not along a coastal area.

B. Potential Environmental Impacts Will the Project cause…

100 Appendix 1

Screening Questions Yes No Remarks ▪ pollution of raw water supply from  Not applicable. The project is only limited to upstream wastewater discharge from laying of water supply distribution pipes. communities, industries, agriculture, and soil erosion runoff? ▪ impairment of historical/cultural  Not anticipated. There are no historical/cultural monuments/areas and loss/damage to monuments / areas within or adjacent to project these sites? sites. ▪ hazard of land subsidence caused by  Not applicable. The project is only limited to laying excessive ground water pumping? of water supply distribution pipes. ▪ social conflicts arising from displacement  No physical displacements anticipated. Project of communities ? sites (alignments) are in government-owned lands (roadsides) with existing rights of way. Temporary impacts to businesses may occur during pipelaying works and are to be addressed through specific measures in the EMP. ▪ conflicts in abstraction of raw water for  Not applicable. The project is only limited to water supply with other beneficial water laying of water supply distribution pipes. uses for surface and ground waters? ▪ unsatisfactory raw water supply (e.g.  Not applicable. The project is only limited to excessive pathogens or mineral laying of water supply distribution pipes. constituents)? ▪ delivery of unsafe water to distribution  The project will convey treated water through new system? pipes to prevent leakages and contamination. An O&M manual will be developed to ensure facilities are kept in working condition, including checking and maintenance of distribution network. Any distributed water must comply with the National Drinking Water Quality Standards. ▪ inadequate protection of intake works or  Not applicable. The project is only limited to wells, leading to pollution of water laying of water supply distribution pipes. supply? ▪ over pumping of ground water, leading to  Not applicable. The project is only limited to salinization and ground subsidence? laying of water supply distribution pipes. ▪ excessive algal growth in storage  Not applicable. The project is only limited to reservoir? laying of water supply distribution pipes. ▪ increase in production of sewage beyond  Not applicable. The project is only limited to capabilities of community facilities? laying of water supply distribution pipes. ▪ inadequate disposal of sludge from water  Not applicable. The project is only limited to treatment plants? laying of water supply distribution pipes. ▪ inadequate buffer zone around pumping  Not applicable. The project is only limited to and treatment plants to alleviate noise laying of water supply distribution pipes. and other possible nuisances and protect facilities? ▪ impairments associated with transmission  No impairment associated with transmission lines lines and access roads? is expected. However, some portions of the roads (including access to businesses) may be affected during construction phase. These impacts including road closures will be avoided by implementing a section-wise approach along the alignments during excavation and pipelaying activities. All other specific measures to avoid and/or minimize disruptions and impairments are included in the EMP. ▪ health hazards arising from inadequate  Not applicable. The project is only limited to design of facilities for receiving, storing, laying of water supply distribution pipes. and handling of chlorine and other hazardous chemicals.

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Screening Questions Yes No Remarks ▪ health and safety hazards to workers  This is not applicable during construction phase. from handling and management of However, this may be possible during operation chlorine used for disinfection, other phase when maintenance works are done. contaminants, and biological and physical However, an O&M manual will be developed to hazards during project construction and include guidelines on proper handling of chlorine operation? and other chemicals during maintenance works on pipelines. ▪ dislocation or involuntary resettlement of  No physical displacements anticipated. Project people? sites (alignments) are in government-owned lands (roadsides) with existing rights-of-way. Temporary impacts to businesses may occur during pipelaying works and are to be addressed through specific measures in the EMP. ▪ disproportionate impacts on the poor,  Not anticipated. The contractor will be encouraged women and children, Indigenous Peoples to hire local workers from the local labor force. or other vulnerable groups? Once completed, the project will benefit all people in the communities through reliable and continuous supply of clean water. ▪ noise and dust from construction  Anticipated during construction activities. activities? Temporary increase in noise level and dusts may be caused by excavation equipment, and the transportation of equipment, materials, and people. The impacts are negative but short-term and site-specific within a relatively small area, and reversible through mitigation measures. Good construction practices will mitigate noise and dust, and are specified in the EMP. ▪ increased road traffic due to interference  Anticipated during construction activities. The of construction activities? impacts are negative but short-term and site- specific within a relatively small area and reversible through mitigation measures. Traffic management will be specified in the EMP. ▪ continuing soil erosion/silt runoff from  Due to excavation and run-off from stockpiled construction operations? materials. The impacts are negative but short- term and site-specific within a relatively small area and reversible through mitigation measures. Good construction practices will mitigate soil erosion and silt runoff and will be specified in the EMP. ▪ delivery of unsafe water due to poor O&M  As part of the O&M measures, chlorine levels will treatment processes (especially mud be checked prior to distribution. An O&M manual accumulations in filters) and inadequate will be developed to ensure facilities are kept in chlorination due to lack of adequate working condition, including checking and monitoring of chlorine residuals in maintenance of distribution network. Any distribution systems? distributed water must comply with the National Drinking Water Quality Standards. ▪ delivery of water to distribution system,  Includes development of O&M manuals to ensure which is corrosive due to inadequate facilities are kept in working condition, including attention to feeding of corrective checking and maintenance of distribution network. chemicals? Any distributed water must comply with the National Drinking Water Quality Standards. ▪ accidental leakage of chlorine gas?  Not applicable. ▪ excessive abstraction of water affecting  Not applicable. downstream water users? ▪ competing uses of water?  Not applicable. ▪ increased sewage flow due to increased  Not anticipated. water supply ▪ increased volume of sullage (wastewater  Not anticipated. from cooking and washing) and sludge from wastewater treatment plant

102 Appendix 1

Screening Questions Yes No Remarks ▪ large population influx during project  The project will not require significant number of construction and operation that causes people who will move into Dhaka. Engaging local increased burden on social infrastructure labor will be a priority under the project. and services (such as water supply and sanitation systems)? ▪ social conflicts if workers from other  The project will not require significant number of regions or countries are hired? people who will move into Dhaka. Engaging local labor will be a priority under the project. ▪ risks to community health and safety due  Fuel will be involved during construction phase, to the transport, storage, and use and/or but no explosives or other chemicals will be disposal of materials such as explosives, involved. Potential impact of fuel spill during fuel and other chemicals during operation construction phase will be managed through and construction? measures included in the EMP. ▪ community safety risks due to both  Anticipated during construction phase. But work accidental and natural hazards, especially areas will be clearly demarcated with signages where the structural elements or and safety barriers, and access will be controlled. components of the project are accessible Only workers and project concerned members will to members of the affected community or be allowed to visit the operational sites. where their failure could result in injury to the community throughout project construction, operation and decommissioning?

A Checklist for Preliminary Climate Risk Screening

Country/Project Title: BAN: Dhaka Environmentally Sustainable Water Supply Project – Additional Financing Subsector: Water Supply and Sanitation Department/Division: SARD/SAUW

Screening Questions Score Remarks1 Location and Is siting and/or routing of the project (or its 1 The primary risks are increased Design of components) likely to be affected by climate incidences of landslide decreased project conditions including extreme weather related water availability due to altered events such as floods, droughts, storms, precipitation patterns and increased landslides? evapotranspiration caused by higher temperatures. Would the project design (e.g. the clearance 0 No significant effect for bridges) need to consider any hydro- meteorological parameters (e.g., sea-level, peak river flow, reliable water level, peak wind speed etc)? Materials and Would weather, current and likely future 1 The selection of construction material Maintenance climate conditions (e.g. prevailing humidity quality is important to ensure stability of level, temperature contrast between hot distribution network in cases of extreme summer days and cold winter days, exposure weather events or climate change. to wind and humidity hydro-meteorological parameters likely affect the selection of project inputs over the life of project outputs (e.g. construction material)? Would weather, current and likely future 1 The selection of construction material climate conditions, and related extreme events quality is important to ensure stability of distribution network in cases of extreme

1 If possible, provide details on the sensitivity of project components to climate conditions, such as how climate parameters are considered in design standards for infrastructure components, how changes in key climate parameters and sea level might affect the siting/routing of project, the selection of construction material and/or scheduling, performances and/or the maintenance cost/scheduling of project outputs.

Appendix 1 103

Screening Questions Score Remarks1 likely affect the maintenance (scheduling and weather events or climate change. This cost) of project output(s) ? will lessen the likelihood of maintenance repairs in the future. Performance Would weather/climate conditions, and related 0 No significant effect of project extreme events likely affect the performance outputs (e.g. annual power production) of project output(s) (e.g. hydro-power generation facilities) throughout their design life time?

Options for answers and corresponding score are provided below: Response Score Not Likely 0 Likely 1 Very Likely 2 Responses when added that provide a score of 0 will be considered low risk project. If adding all responses will result to a score of 1-4 and that no score of 2 was given to any single response, the project will be assigned a medium risk category. A total score of 5 or more (which include providing a score of 1 in all responses) or a 2 in any single response will be categorized as high risk project.

Result of Initial Screening (Low, Medium, High): Medium Risk

Prepared by: Achyutha Aleti Rao

104 Appendix 2

Appendix 2

Copy of Renewal of Environmental Clearance for DESWSP

Appendix 2 105

106 Appendix 2

Appendix 3 107

Appendix 3

LABORATORY TEST REPORT OF AIR, NOISE AND WATER QUALITY DATA

108 Appendix 3

Appendix 3 109

110 Appendix 3

Appendix 3 111

112 Appendix 3

Appendix 3 113

114 Appendix 3

Appendix 3 115

116 Appendix 3

Appendix 3 117

118 Appendix 3

Appendix 3 119

120 Appendix 3

Appendix 4 121

Appendix 4

Result of Screening Using Integrated Biodiversity Assessment Tool (IBAT)

122 Appendix 4

Appendix 4 123

124 Appendix 4

Appendix 4 125

126 Appendix 4

Appendix 4 127

128 Appendix 4

Appendix 4 129

130 Appendix 4

Appendix 4 131

132 Appendix 5

Appendix 5 SAMPLE HEALTH AND SAFETY GUIDELINE FOR COVID-19

1. INTRODUCTION

COVID-19 is a new disease with similar symptoms as influenza but different in terms severity and community transmission1. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on 30 January 2020 under the International Health Regulations (IHR) 2005 and recognized it as a pandemic on 11 March 20202. The COVID- 19 pandemic has spread rapidly throughout the country since March 8, 2020.

Package 3.2 should put in place measures to minimize the chances and contain the spread of the virus as a result of the movement of workers, ensure their sites are prepared for an outbreak, and develop and practice contingency plans so that personnel know what to do if an outbreak occurs and how treatment will be provided. These preparation measures should be communicated not only to the workforce but also the local community, to reassure them that the movement of staff is controlled, and to ensure that stigma or discrimination is reduced in the event of an outbreak.

According to Contractor’s compliance with Environmental Safeguards Requirements, Contractors will prepare site specific EMP prior to civil works. Contractors also submitted site specific health and safety plan which will be approved by Project Director. Due to COVID-19 pandemic prevention, contractor shall also prepare site specific health and safety plan for COVID-19, which is part of site specific management plan, which will include measures to be implemented prior to initiating work on site.

2. OBJECTIVE

Government health agencies/authorities (MOHFW/DGHS) are framing out and are implementing various strategies to reduce rapid infection of COVID-19. However, the potential spread of CoV-2 is inherent and need for strategic control in the prevention of such spread at the work places. This document will aim at:

(i) Providing operational planning and guidance for employer and employees to stop spread of COVID-19 at workplaces. (ii) Providing resources needed to conduct the preparedness level assessment (iii) Providing minimum guidelines for Infection prevention and control (iv) Developing standard operating procedures for the workplaces.

3. PLAN HIGHLIGHTS

The site specific plan by contractors should be line with government issued circulars and guidance particularly by Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW), Director General of Health Services (DGHS) and Institute of Epidemiology Disease Control and Research (IEDCR).

The Contractor will be required to comply with the requirements and recommendations from the

1 WHO. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus. https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus/coronavirus#tab=tab_1

2 WHO.. International Health Regulations (2005). 3rd Ed. https://www.who.int/ihr/publications/9789241580496/en/

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Bangladesh Labor Act 2006 (amended 2013), Bangladesh Labour Rules 2015, the IFC-WB Environmental, Health, and Safety (EHS) General Guidelines (April 2007), the WHO guidance,3 and the ILO Workplace Response to the Coronavirus Disease outbreak.4

Any issue of non-compliance of these guidelines may lead to the suspension of work at the risk of the contractor. The Contractor will be required to submit a corrective action plan (on the next day or immediately as per the nature of issue) detailing each issue of non-conformance and a plan to rectify the issue(s). The Contractor will not be allowed to resume work until the plan is approved by the Project Director. Any additional issues of non-conformance may be subject to action against the Contractor's under the ADB SPS Policy and health & safety/safeguard clauses. These guidelines are intended to introduce consistent measures on worksites in line with the Government’s instructions and stipulations.

4. IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENT

The Contractor will employ an Occupational, Health and Safety (OHS) Officer5 who shall oversee compliance to the OHS requirements particularly on prevention of COVID-19 transmission in the workplace. This shall include but not limited to the following:

(i) Orientation of workers on OHS, disaster and emergency response procedures, and COVID-19; (ii) Provision and use of personal protective equipment (PPE), fire suppression system and appropriate medical emergency response logistics; (iii) Placement of safety signs, posters (e.g., WHO posters on COVID-19, MOHFW/DGHS posters/banner), information and warning signs within the worksite and adjacent areas; (iv) Implementation and maintenance of good housekeeping; (v) Monitoring of occupational health and environmental controls (e.g., airborne contaminants, noise, illumination, ventilation, temperature and humidity); and (vi) Conduct of regular safety inspection and incident reporting/ recording. (vii) Certify that the Contractor and all sub-contractors are in full compliance of these guidelines.

3 WHO. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) technical guidance: Guidance for schools, workplaces & institutions. 19 March 2020. https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/advice-for-workplace-clean-19-03-2020.pdf 4 ILO. ILO Standards and COVID-19 (coronavirus)23 March 2020 - Version 1.2 https://www.ilo.org/global/topics/safety-and-health-at-work/areasofwork/occupational-health/WCMS_738178/lang-- en/index.htm 5 The existing Environmental Officer OR Health & safety officer OR Site Manager of the contractor can be designated as OHS officer

134 Appendix 5

The contractor shall ensure that the person thus nominated should be present on site at all times. The implementation arrangement for COVID 19 prevention are as follows:

Project Director from Employer

Contract Manager of Contractor

HSE Manager

Site Manager

OHS Officer

4.1 Project Director

(i) Give instruction to the Contractor regarding prevention for COVID-19 (ii) Report to ADB regarding the Contractor performance for COVID-19 4.2 Contract Manager

(i) Monitor the performance of prevention plan. (ii) Report to Project Director, Headquarter, Embassy in Bangladesh in case any emergency. 4.3 HSE Manager

(i) Organize the performance of prevention plan. (ii) Train the project staff including subcontractors with compulsory site induction6 on COVID-19 response prior to start of any works

6 HSE Manager by undergoing the training available at (a) https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/training/online-training (b) https://openwho.org/courses/eprotect-acute-respiratory-infections (c) https://openwho.org/courses/COVID-19-IPC-EN

Appendix 5 135

(iii) Report to Contract Manager in case any emergency. (iv) Contact with the emergency ambulance service from hospital

4.5 Site Manager

(i) Monitor the performance of action plan. (ii) Report to HSE Manager in case any emergency.

4.6 OHS Officer

(i) Perform the action plan strictly (ii) Report to Site Manager in case of emergency (iii) Keep record of the contact details of all worker and staff: mobile telephone number, alternate telephone, email, and address where they are staying.

5. RISK ANALYSIS

Risk factors for COVID-19 virus include:

(i) Work/live with someone who has contracted the virus; (ii) Contacts with someone who has contacted the virus at the site, such as being within 3 feet or 1 meter with local people

Table 1: Risk analysis with mitigation measures No Risk factor Risk Control Measures 1) Check and record body temperature Work/live with someone who 2) Disinfect the working and living area 1 Infected has contacted the virus 3) Wear PPE, such as mask, face shield, glove 4) Report immediately 1) Keep social distance Contact with some who 2) Disinfect the equipment and vehicle 2 has contacted the virus in the Infected 3) Wear PPE, such as mask, face shield, glove site 4) Report immediately

6. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE) PLAN

Contractor will provide the appropriate PPE for all their workers including subcontractors. Workers will be responsible to wear PPE appropriately, take good care of equipment and report any defects. The Personal Protective Equipment for Covid-19 are listed in the following table: Table 2: PPE plan for Covid-19 Description Demand One Day Cost One Month Cost Face mask Face shield

Hand sanitizer Hand glove

136 Appendix 5

Description Demand One Day Cost One Month Cost Infrared thermometer Sprayer 84 Disinfectant 75 Ethyl Alcohol

7. ACTION PLAN

7.1 Management Team

Contractor’ management team will stay at site in the separate house; they will only use the project vehicles for moving. Before moving to the office/site:

(i) The guard will check the driver body temperature by infrared thermometer and keeping the record. The normal human body temperature range is typically slated in between 36–37 ℃. (ii) The driver will confirm the vehicle has been disinfected by the mixing of 84 disinfectant, and the handle has been disinfected by 75 Ethyl Alcohol. (iii) The driver will wear the face mask. (iv) As per the planned route to pick up, the management team member will wear face mask and face shield, the driver will check the team member body temperature by infrared thermometer and keep the records.

When moving back from the office/site:

(i) The HSE Manager will check the driver body temperature by infrared thermometer and keep the record. (ii) The driver will confirm the handle has been disinfected by 75 Ethyl Alcohol. (iii) The driver will wear face mask. (iv) The driver will check the team member body temperature by infrared thermometer and keeping the record. (v) The driver will disinfect the vehicle by the mixing of 84 disinfectant, and the handle by 75 Ethyl Alcohol. (vi) The driver will ventilate the vehicle at least 20 minutes

7.2 Office Staff

(i) Keep the office area clean and hygienic. (ii) Set up separate waste bin for PPE disposal, disinfect the PPE by 75 Ethyl Alcohol before putting in the waste bin, and disinfect the waste bin by the mixing of 84 disinfectant at noon. (iii) Disinfect the handle by 75 Ethyl Alcohol before moving in to the office. (iv) Disinfect the floor by the mixing of 84 disinfectants. (v) Disinfect the desk and chair by 75 Ethyl Alcohol. (vi) Ventilate at least 20 minutes.

Appendix 5 137

(vii) Only designated staff will move in to/out of the office. (viii) Maintain social distance during meeting time, minimum 3 feet, or 1 meters.

7.3 Labours

Contractor will establish central stockyard where labour shed will be set up. However, before moving to the site: (i) The site manage will check body temperature of each labour by infrared thermometer and keep the records. (ii) Labours will wear appropriate PPE. (iii) Prepare the disinfectant by mixing 84 disinfectants with water and put the disinfectant in the sprayer. (iv) Ensure site movement by using only project vehicles. After arriving at site: (i) Start disinfecting the equipment by the disinfectant sprayer. (ii) Maintain social distance, minimum 3 feet, or 1 meters with the local people by setting safety cautions. (iii) Wait till 30 minutes after disinfecting the equipment and then start the site works. (iv) Do not drink tea and eat food from outside shops, also ensure the using of separate bottle and plate for drinking water and eating foods. During leaving from the site: (i) Wash hand by sanitizer. (ii) Disinfect the shoes by the disinfectant sprayer. (iii) Leave the project areas by using only project vehicles.

When entering the stockyards: (i) The guard will check the labour’s body temperature by infrared thermometer and keep the record. (ii) Wash hand by sanitizer. (iii) Disinfect the shoe by the disinfectant sprayer, and disinfect the mask shield by 75 Ethyl Alcohol. (iv) Take a shower. (v) Disinfect the vehicle by the disinfectant sprayer. (vi) Wait 30 minutes after disinfecting the vehicle, the vehicle can drive in to the warehouse.

7.4 Labour Camp/Stockyard

Contractor shall follow a zero-tolerance policy on wearing of face masks. Masks to be provided to all the persons/labourers for use at the camp site as well as at the worksite. Increase cleaning/disinfection visits to at least 2 times a day. Cleaning person(s) to be provided with disposable gloves, gown and face mask for each cycle of cleaning. (i) Keep the labour camp/stockyard area clean and hygienic. (ii) Set up separate waste bin for PPE disposal, disinfect the PPE by 75 Ethyl Alcohol before put in the waste bin, and disinfect the waste bin by the disinfectant sprayer at noon. (iii) Disinfect the warehouse internal roads by the disinfectant sprayer at noon.

138 Appendix 5

(iv) Only project staff can move in to/out of the stockyard. (v) Only project vehicles will be permitted to in to/out of the stockyard.

7.5 Toilet Facility

(i) Restrict the number of people using toilet facility at a time and appoint a welfare attendant among the labours. (ii) Wash hands before and after using the facilities (iii) Enhance the cleaning regimes for toilet facilities particularly door handles, locks and the toilet flush (iv) Provide suitable and sufficient rubbish bins for hand towels with regular removal and disposal.

7.6 Kitchen

(i) Keep the kitchen clean and hygienic. (ii) Disinfect the kitchen by the disinfectant sprayer at noon, the cooking utensil need be covered carefully. (iii) Only cook and assistant will move in to /out of the kitchen. (iv) Maintain social distance during the eating time, minimum 6 feet, or 2 meters. (v) Clean the plate by hot water and detergent. (vi) Arrange special foodstuff supplier, and ensure 1 week storing one time.

Occupational Health and Safety officer will ensure compliance with prevention issues at the labour camp(s).

8. MONITORING AND REPORTING FOR COVID-19 SUSPECTED CASES

Common symptoms can include:

(i) Fever (ii) Cough (iii) Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing (iv) Tiredness (v) Aches (vi) Chills (vii) Sore throat (viii) Loss of smell (ix) Loss of taste (x) Headache (xi) Diarrhea (xii) Severe vomiting Appearance by any type of above symptoms can be treated as COVID-19 suspected case, need report to the Site Manager/HSE Manager immediately. HSE manager will contact with the emergency ambulance service from hospital.

Anyone confirm be infected, the site/office/labour camps will be disinfected, the related contacted

Appendix 5 139

person will go back to house for isolation. In addition, the Contractor shall mandatorily follow all medical test requirements for the workers prior to their engagement and/or mobilization at site as per the guidelines issued by the Director General of Health Services (DGHS) and Institute of Epidemiology Disease Control and Research (IEDCR) and WHO from time to time.

9. TRAINING

(i) Contractor will be sensitized and informed on work safety requirements and practices. (ii) Workers will get training on above requirements before starting any construction activity. (iii) During construction period frequent visual and verbal reminders to workers can improve compliance with hand hygiene practices and thus reduce rates of infection. (iv) Posters on handwashing and safe work practices will be displayed at work site and labor camps.

10. EMERGENCY CONTACT

The following emergency contact information will be provided at work site and labour camp for reporting COVID-19 symptoms.

Table 3: Emergency contact information No Name Designation Contact No. 1 Contract Manager 2 HSE Manager 3 Construction Manager 4 Site Manager 5 Health and Safety Officer 6 Environmental Officer

Table 4: Contact information of COVID-19 hospital No Name of the hospital Address Contact no. Web site Kurmitola General New Airport Road, Phone: +880-2- http://www.kgh.gov.bd 1 Hospital Kurmitola, Dhaka 55062350, Cantonment, Dhaka-1206 55062201, 55062349 The Institute of Institute of Epidemiology, Phone: +880-2- http://www.iedcr.gov.bd Epidemiology, Disease Disease Control & 9898796, 9898691 2 Control and Research Research (IEDCR), (IEDCR) Mohakhali, Dhaka-1212

11. MONITORING CHECKLIST

Monitoring checklists are in the following tables:

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Table 4: Sample record sheet for daily body temperature Body Body Department In Out No Name Designation Temp. Temp. Remarks /Team Time Time °C °C 1 2 3 4

5

Table 5: Sample log-sheet for PPE distribution PPE No Name Designation Department/Team Signature Date Remarks Received 1

2

3

4

5

Table 6: Sample record sheet for equipment disinfection Driver/Operator Driver/Operator Body No Disinfecting time Signature Date Remarks Name Temp. °C 1

2

3

4

5

Table 7: Checklist for virus prevention Compliance No. Inspection Contents Remarks Yes No For management team 1 The vehicle has been disinfected and keep the record

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Compliance No. Inspection Contents Remarks Yes No The driver body temperature has been checked and keep the 2 record The management team member body temperature has been 3 checked and keep the record 4 The driver wear face mask. 5 The team member wear face mask and face shield The vehicle keep the mixing of 84 disinfectant and 75 Ethyl 6 Alcohol For Labour 7 The vehicle has been disinfected and keep the record The labour’ body temperature have been checked and keep the 8 record 9 The labour wear appropriate PPE 10 The vehicle keep the sprayer of mixing 84 disinfectant 11 The equipment has been disinfected and keep the record Maintain social distance in the site, minimum 3 feet, or 1 12 meters with the local people by setting safety caution 13 No drinking tea and eating food from outside shop For office 14 Separate waste bin for PPE disposal 15 Disinfect the handle by 75 Ethyl Alcohol 16 Disinfect the floor by the mixing of 84 disinfectant 17 Disinfect the desk and chair by 75 Ethyl Alcohol 18 No visitor permitted into the office For Labour Camp 19. Hygiene Environment must be maintained in the labour camp Ensure availability and usage of mask, thermal temperature 20 checking, Alcohol based hand sanitizer, for labours residing on the camp 21 Separate waste bin for PPE disposal 22 Disinfect the internal road by the disinfectant sprayer 23 Only project staff can move in to/out of the camp Only project vehicles will be permitted to in to/out of the 24 warehouse Living area of stockyard/camp must be well ventilated; clean 25 and should avoid overcrowding The daily attendance of all laborers residing in the stockyard 26 must be maintained For Kitchen

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Compliance No. Inspection Contents Remarks Yes No Disinfect the kitchen by the disinfectant sprayer, the cooking 27 utensil need be covered carefully 28 Only cook and assistant can move in to /out of the kitchen Maintain social distance during the eating time, minimum 6 29 feet, or 2 meters 30 Clean the plate by hot water and detergent Date of Inspection: Signature of Inspector:

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Appendix 6

Minutes and Report on Consultation Activities Conducted

144 Appendix 6

INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION

Dhaka Environmentally Sustainable Water Supply Project

Package Number: P3.2

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Table of Contents

1 INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION ...... 146 1.1 Overview ...... 146 1.2 Objective and Purpose ...... 57 1.3 Identification of Stakeholder ...... 57 1.4 Type of Consultations ...... 58 1.5 Consultation Methodology ...... 58 1.6 Information Provided ...... 58 1.7 Outcome of Public Consultations ...... 60 1.8 Outcome of FGDs ...... 61 1.9 Future Consultation and Disclosure ...... 61 ANNEX: RECORDS OF CONSULTATION MEETING ...... 150

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I. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION

A. Overview

Meaningful stakeholder consultation and participation is part of the project preparation and implementation strategy. Consultation and participation will ensure information is provided and feedback is obtained and considered on the implementation of the project. Affected persons will be consulted at various stages of project preparation to ensure: (i) incorporation of views/concerns of affected persons, particularly the vulnerable, on environmental impacts and mitigation measures; (ii) identification of any help required by affected persons during rehabilitation; and (iii) avoidance of potential conflicts for smooth project implementation.

It will also provide adequate opportunities for consultation/participation of all stakeholders and inclusion of the vulnerable in project process. Relevant information on any major changes to the Project will be shared with beneficiaries, affected persons, vulnerable groups, and other stakeholders.

B. Objective and Purpose

The objectives of the consultations are to inform the project affected people about the project, to know the present status of environmental, social and ecological condition in the area, probable impact of the proposed project and to seek possible solutions of impacts from them; reduce conflict through the early identification of controversial issues and work through them to find acceptable solutions; increase public confidence about the proponent, reviewers and decision makers and develop the proposal which is truly sustainable.

C. Identification of Stakeholder

During the field survey, significant efforts were made to identify the possible categories of stakeholders and their stakes. The stakeholders identified during field visit were the local residents, government officials, shop owners, public representative, NGO’s and general public. All those stakeholders had different types of stakes according to their professions.

D. Type of Consultations

Consultations are of two major categories:

1. Formal Public Consultation 2. Informal Community Level Consultation

Informal community level consultation was furthered divided into three types:

• Face to face small group (3-5) • Key Informant Interview (KII) • Focus group discussion (8-10)

Two formal public consultations were organized from 05 to 06 February 2020 at Uttara and Kachukhet area in the presence of personnel of the client, ADB Consultant and MDSC representatives. The number of participants in two public consultations were 44 (36.36% male and 63.63% female) and 27 (55.55% male and 44.44% female). However, a total of 3 informal community level consultations (FGDs) have been conducted during field survey from 05 to 06 February 2020 by the experts where total 36 participants were attended. Details of formal public and informal community level consultations are given in the Annex.

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E. Consultation Methodology

The consultation methods adopted for these public meetings were a mixture of short speech, photos and maps. The uses of these materials enabled the participants to comprehend the issues easily, encouraging them to participate in the discussions more effectively and provide informed comments and opinions.

F. Information Provided

Part of the consultation process involved disseminating factual information regarding the Project, with the aim of developing positive and constructive relationships with stakeholders and decreasing the likelihood of incorrect perceptions. The discussions were primarily focused on receiving maximum inputs from the participants regarding their acceptability and environmental concerns arising out of the project. Figure 1.1 to Figure 1.3 show photographs of public consultation and FGDs at various locations in the Project area.

Figure I.1: Public consultations held in Uttara (left) and Kachukhet area (right)

Figure I.2: Focus group discussion conducted in Dakkhinkhan (Left) and Bawnia area (Right)

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Figure I.3: FGD carried out in Badda area

G. Outcome of Public Consultations

The consultations were conducted in Uttara and Kachukhet area located along the project alignment. In both places, participants mostly welcomed the project. However, they did point out few issues of concern such as noise and air pollution, traffic congestion along with solid waste and income loss. Comments and concerns from the participants were:

• Most of the stakeholders are of strong opinion for the early implementation of the project. • People have raised concern of traffic congestion on the busy road during construction period and they suggested to lay the pipe at night. • Removal of utility must be carried out (if required) by coordinating with all relevant authorities. • Measures should be taken to mitigate environmental impacts due to pipe laying activity, such as water spray to reduce dust pollution, waste management plan for solid and construction wastes and working hour should be only in day time and particularly if it will near the residential area. • Water quality should be tested before supplying to the households through new pipe lines. • Temporary water supply plan should be approved and addressed properly during shut-down of water supply in construction period. • Roadside shopkeepers have concern of loss of business due to road excavation. • Strict supervision as well as precautionary measures should be taken to ensure road safety and security. • Mitigation measures should be taken to ensure community safety. • More community consultation should be arranged with local elite group.

H. Outcome of FGDs

A total of three focus group discussions were conducted with 36 participants. Comments and concerns from the participants were:

• People are positively enthusiastic regarding the project. • People stressed upon recruiting workers from the local area. • Alternative excavation method should be applied to avoid road excavation in the busy congested road.

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• People opined about the construction period should be in dry season to prevent drainage congestion. • Dust pollution due to construction work must be suppressed 2-3 times per day. • Expressed the need of steps to be taken toward minimizing noise pollution. • Road safety measures should be taken during construction since sensitive receptors are located along the selected pipe line alignments. • Road rehabilitation must be done quickly. • Focal person should be appointed to mitigate community problems caused during construction period. • More community consultation meetings are required to disclose the project.

I. Future Consultation and Disclosure

The IEE and other relevant documents will be made available at public locations in the city and posted on the DWASA and ADB websites. The consultation process will be continued and expanded during the project implementation to ensure stakeholders participate fully in project execution, as well as to implement a comprehensive information, education, and communication plan.

For the benefit of the community, the IEE will be made available at (i) offices of executing and implementing agencies, (ii) consultant teams’ offices; and (iii) contractor’s campsites. It will be ensured that the hard copies of IEE are kept at places which are conveniently accessible to people, as a means to disclose the document and at the same time creating wider public awareness. An electronic version of the IEE will be placed in the official website of executing and implementing agencies and the ADB website after approval of the IEE by ADB. Moreover, all semi-annual environmental monitoring reports during project implementation will be available at www.adb.org.

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ANNEX: RECORDS OF CONSULTATION MEETING

Public Consultation- 01

Location: Poroshmoni Laboratory School, Sector-10, Uttara Model Town, Dhaka.

Date and Time: 05 February 2020, at 10:45 AM

Consultation Attended by:

• Saidur Rahman, Environmental Safeguard Officer, DESWSP, DWASA • Md. Shahid Zaman, Environmental Specialist (Consultant), Asian Development Bank • Syed M Latif, Environment Specialist, MDSC, DESWSP • Rahat Hasan, Environmental Inspector, MDSC, DESWSP • Jakir Hossain, Civil Engineer, MDSC, DESWSP

Information Disclosed during Consultation:

• Need for the Project • Description of the Project • Construction Work • Probable Impacts due to the Project (Before, After and During the Construction) ➢ Air emission and dust pollution ➢ Noise pollution ➢ Waste ➢ Disruption of water supply ➢ Road excavation ➢ Traffic safety ➢ Community health and safety ➢ Worker health and safety • Grievance Redress Mechanism Public Query Answered by:

• Saidur Rahman, Environmental Safeguard Officer, DESWSP, DWASA • Md. Shahid Zaman, Environmental Specialist (Consultant), Asian Development Bank • Syed M Latif, Environment Specialist, MDSC, DESWSP • Jakir Hossain, Civil Engineer, MDSC, DESWSP

Appendix 6 151

Summary of Public Consultation Issues and Response:

SL. Issues Raised Reply from Consultant 1 Fast construction is expected. Consultant noted the point of optimism. 2 Project activity will cause extra noise; Not to conduct works that emits loud noise during night what measures can be taken for time and minimize noise from construction equipment mitigating the problem? (by using vehicle silencers, fitting jackhammers with noise-reducing mufflers, and use portable street barriers to minimize sound impact to surrounding sensitive receptor and consultation with local communities will be held in advance to avoid working at sensitive area and times, such as religious and cultural festivals. 3 Road excavation will block people’ The installation of pipes will be conducted by trenchless access to house, market and shops methods where applicable, which require small-scale will disrupt the community movement. excavation at access points only, and will thus result in minimal disruption. However, excavated section will be covered with steel plates and in alleys with wooden plates for community movement. 4 Traffic congestion will be increased Proper road safety will be ensured for resident’s during due to road excavation; what construction. Traffic management plan including traffic measures should be implemented? signaling system will be developed in busy road section. Moreover, traffic safety must be considered in the EMP. 5 Construction will cause air emission Dust will be suppressed by water sprinkling on exposed and dust pollution; what measures soil, stockpiled material on site. Tarpaulins will be used can be taken for mitigating the to cover sand and other loose material when problem? transported by trucks and limit the speed of construction vehicles in access roads and work sites to maximum of 30kph. 6 Is there any disruption will occur in New pipe line will be placed without disturbing existing water supply to the household during water supply to the households. If disruption occurs, construction of the project? DWASA will provide alternative potable water to affected households and businesses for the duration of the shut-down, liaise with affected persons to inform them of any cessation well in advance. Moreover, contractor will prepare temporary water supply plan before commencing the construction. 7 What measures will be taken for Different safety measures including adequate lighting, community health and safety during temporary fence, reflectorized barriers and caution construction? signboard will be placed to minimize the risk for the local transport and pedestrian movement. Grievance redress mechanism will be established to mitigate the community health and safety issues.

152 Appendix 6

Detail of the Participants:

Appendix 6 153

154 Appendix 6

Appendix 6 155

156 Appendix 6

Public Consultation- 02

Location: Haji Sayed Ali Khan High School, Kochukhet, Puran Bazar, Dhaka Cantonment, Dhaka.

Date and Time: 06 February 2020, at 11:00 AM

Consultation Attended by:

• Saidur Rahman, Environmental Safeguard Officer, DESWSP, DWASA • Md. Shahid Zaman, Environmental Specialist (Consultant), Asian Development Bank • Syed M Latif, Environment Specialist, MDSC, DESWSP • Pabitra Kumar, Training Specialist, MDSC, DESWSP • Rahat Hasan, Environmental Inspector, MDSC, DESWSP • Roksana Begum, Social Safeguard Specialist, Environmental Inspector, MDSC, DESWSP

Information Disclosed during Consultation:

• Need for the Project • Description of the Project • Construction Work • Probable Impacts due to the Project (Before, After and During the Construction) ➢ Air emission and dust pollution ➢ Noise pollution ➢ Waste ➢ Disruption of water supply ➢ Road excavation ➢ Traffic safety ➢ Community health and safety ➢ Worker health and safety • Grievance Redress Mechanism Public Query Answered by:

• Saidur Rahman, Environmental Safeguard Officer, DESWSP, DWASA • Md. Shahid Zaman, Environmental Specialist (Consultant), Asian Development Bank • Syed M Latif, Environment Specialist, MDSC, DESWSP • Roksana Begum, Social Safeguard Specialist, Environmental Inspector, MDSC, DESWSP

Appendix 6 157

Summary of Public Consultation Issues and Response:

SL. Issues Raised Reply from Consultant 1 Fast construction is expected. Consultant noted the point of optimism. 2 Road section along the Kachukhet Construction work will be done at night to minimize area is very busy where traffic traffic disturbance as low as possible. Moreover, congestion is seen regularly; what installation of pipes will be conducted by trenchless measures should be taken to install methods where applicable, which require small-scale the pipeline in this busy road? excavation at access points only, and will thus result in minimal disruption. However, traffic management plan including traffic signaling system will be developed in busy road section and proper road safety will be ensured for resident’s during construction. 3 Huge waste will be generated due to All wastes shall be removed from the site and road excavation and the construction transported to the designated disposal site and some activity; how this large amount of excess earth materials will be used as filling material. waste will be managed during However, contractor will prepare waste management construction? plan before commencing the construction activity which must be approved by the PMU and address properly during construction. 4 Removal of utility should be carried DWASA will sign MoUs with the stakeholders (DNCC, out to coordinate with other authority. RAJUK, TITAS Gas, BTCL, LGED, BREB, Cantonment Board etc.) prior to starting construction. 5 More community consultation should Community consultations have to be conducted on a be arranged with local welfare society. continuous basis at all phases of the project. Contractor will also conduct consultation with local community before starting their activity. 6 Water quality should be monitored Water quality will be regularly monitored by DWASA. regularly before supplying to the households through new pipe lines. 7 Strict supervision is required during Supervision consultant including EHS expert will be construction activity for pedestrian appointed at site to supervise the implementation safety. activity of the environmental management plan during construction. 8 Road excavation may result income Excavated section will be covered with steel plates and loss of the local business person due in alleys with wooden plates for community movement. to access block to the shops. However, compensation will be provided to the small traders if income loss results due to access block. 9 Project activity will cause extra noise; Not to conduct works that emits loud noise during night what measures can be taken for time and minimize noise from construction equipment mitigating the problem? (by using vehicle silencers, fitting jackhammers with noise-reducing mufflers, and use portable street barriers to minimize sound impact to surrounding sensitive receptor and consultation with local communities will be held in advance to avoid working at sensitive area and times, such as religious and cultural festivals.

158 Appendix 6

SL. Issues Raised Reply from Consultant 10 Construction will cause air emission Dust will be suppressed by water sprinkling on exposed and dust pollution; what measures can soil, stockpiled material on site. Tarpaulins will be used be taken for mitigating the problem? to cover sand and other loose material when transported by trucks and limit the speed of construction vehicles in access roads and work sites to maximum of 30kph. 11 What measures will be taken for Different safety measures including adequate lighting, community health and safety during temporary fence, reflectorized barriers and caution construction? signboard will be placed to minimize the risk for the local transport and pedestrian movement. Grievance redress mechanism will be established to mitigate the community health and safety issues.

Appendix 6 159

Detail of the Participants:

160 Appendix 6

Appendix 6 161

Focus Group Discussion (FGD)- 01

Type of Group: Mixed

Location: Dakkhinkhan, Dhaka

Date: 05 February 2020

Time: 01:00 pm – 01:45 pm

FGD Facilitator: Md. Shahid Zaman, Environmental Specialist, ADB; Saidur Rahman, Environmental Safeguard Officer, DESWSP, DWASA.

Outcome of Focus Group Discussion:

SL. Individual Comments

Akash 1. • Alternative excavation method should be applied to avoid road Student excavation in the busy congested road. • Water price should not be increased. Robin • Quality of supply water should be monitored regularly since 2. current supply water is not up to the mark. Student • Traffic safety measure should be taken seriously to prevent accident. Imran 3. • Stressed upon recruiting workers from the local area. Labor

Md. Shamsuzzaman • Appreciated Government for taking such project. Talukder 4. • Noise pollution during construction period would be a major Director, Milestone problem for the locality. Use machineries with minimum noise. School and college • Construction activity should be carried out in dry season to avoid drainage congestion. • Pipe laying activity should take place section by section so that entire road alignment will not be affected. • Dust pollution due to construction work must be suppressed 2-3 Md. Abdul M. times per day. • Road safety measures should be taken during construction since 5. Principal, Milestone several schools are located along the selected pipe line School and college alignment. • Waste generated during construction should be managed properly. • A focal person should be appointed to mitigate community problems generated during construction period.

162 Appendix 6

Detail of the Participants:

Appendix 6 163

Focus Group Discussion (FGD)- 02

Type of Group: Mixed

Location: Badda, Dhaka

Date: 05 February 2020

Time: 05:10 pm – 05:50 pm

FGD Facilitator: Md. Shahid Zaman, Environmental Specialist, ADB; Saidur Rahman, Environmental Safeguard Officer, DESWSP, DWASA.

Outcome of Focus Group Discussion:

SL. Individual Comments

• Water quality must be monitored regularly. Md. Shikder • Compensation should be provided if business is hindered due to 1. road excavation. Business • Water spraying should be conducted regularly to minimize dust pollution. • Opined for recruitment of workers from the locality during Md. Kamal construction. 2. • Construction equipment should not leave at the site to avoid traffic Driver congestion. • Road rehabilitation must be done quickly. Md. Shohidul • Selected pipe line alignment is located in the busy congested 3. road, as a result, traffic management plan must be prepared prior Driver to commencing the construction activity. • Pipe laying should be done at night to avoid traffic congestion. • Expressed the need of steps to be taken toward minimizing noise Md. Hanif pollution. 4. Business • More community consultation meeting is required to disclose the project.

• Welcomed the project for better water supply in his area. Md. Abdul Jalil 5. • Construction activity should be carried out in dry season to avoid Service drainage congestion. • Construction site should be confined. • Traffic safety measures must be taken.

164 Appendix 6

Detail of the Participants:

Appendix 6 165

Focus Group Discussion (FGD)- 03

Type of Group: Mixed

Location: Bawnia, Dhaka

Date: 06 February 2020

Time: 02:00 pm – 02:40 pm

FGD Facilitator: Md. Shahid Zaman, Environmental Specialist, ADB; Saidur Rahman, Environmental Safeguard Officer, DESWSP, DWASA.

Outcome of Focus Group Discussion:

SL. Individual Comments • Welcomed the water supply project in his area since the area has Md. Mosharof 1. no water supply till date, mostly dependent on the groundwater. Business • Opined for consideration of low monthly rate of water. Md. Saheb Ali • More consultation meetings should be carried out with local elite. 2. Labor Md. Sazol • Stressed upon recruiting workers from the local area. 3. Labor • Traffic safety measures should be considered during construction period. Md. Arif Rabbani • Air and noise pollution will be major problem due to construction 4. Service activity. • Road should be rehabilitated as early as possible after laying the pipe.

166 Appendix 6

Detail of the Participants:

Appendix 7 167

Appendix 7 SAMPLE GRIEVANCE REGISTRATION FORM

The ______Project welcomes complaints, suggestions, queries and comments regarding project implementation. We encourage persons with grievance to provide their name and contact information to enable us to get in touch with you for clarification and feedback.

Should you choose to include your personal details but want that information to remain confidential, please inform us by writing/typing *(CONFIDENTIAL)* above your name. Thank you.

Date Place of Registration Contact Information/Personal Details Name Gender * Male Age * Female Home Address Place Phone no. E-mail Complaint/Suggestion/Comment/Question Please provide the details (who, what, where, and how) of your grievance below:

If included as attachment/note/letter, please tick here: How do you want us to reach you for feedback or use on your comment/grievance?

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Registered by: (Name of Official Registering Grievance)

Mode of Communication: Note/Letter E-mail Verbal/Telephonic Reviewed by: (Names/Positions of Officials Reviewing Grievance)

Action Taken:

Whether Action Taken Disclosed: Yes No Means of Disclosure:

168 Appendix 8

Appendix 8

SAMPLE DAILY MONITORING SHEET FOR CONTRACTORS

DHAKA ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE WATER SUPPLY PROJECT – ADDITIONAL FINANCING Contractor Monitoring Sheet

Name of Subproject/Package: Location of Subproject/Package: Chainage covered (for linear works): Contractor: Contractor EHS Supervisor (or equivalent): Date of monitoring:

Summary of Findings Monitoring Item Status Remarks 1. Compliance with Local Permit (Secured / Application Requirements Submitted / Not Applicable) Location/zoning permits Permit to construct Building permit Transport / hauling permits 2. Compliance with IEE Requirements (Approved / Under Preparation / Submitted to PMU for Approval) Site-specific EMP (SEMP) Corrective Action Plan, if any 3. Compliance with SEMP Construction Site (Satisfactory / Needs Improvement / Not Implemented) - Conduct of toolbox talk - Use of PPE - Rest areas for male and female workers - Toilets for male and female workers - Medical kits - Drinking water supply - Dust control - Noise control - Solid waste management - Wastewater management - Chemicals storage (fuel, oil, etc.) - Siltation or erosion control - Heavy equipment staging / parking area - Barricades around excavation sites - Access to residential houses/shops/businesses

Appendix 8 169

Monitoring Item Status Remarks - Traffic routing signages - Lightings at night - Trench shoring / landslide protection Construction Workers’ Camp Site (Available / Needs Improvement / Not Available) - Quarters for male and female workers - Sleeping utilities (e.g. beds, pillows, blankets, mosquito nets, etc.) - Power/Electricity supply - Drinking water supply - Toilets for male and female workers - General purpose water supply (cooking, washing, bathing) - Cooking facilities and areas - Solid waste management - Wastewater management - Pest control 4. Implementation of GRM (Yes / No or None / Under Resolution) Complaints Complaints resolution 5. Environmental Quality Measurement (Passed / Failed / Not Applicable) Ambient air quality sampling Noise level measurement Receiving water quality sampling

Other Issues:

Attachments: 1. Copies of permits secured, if any. 2. Photos taken at worksites, if any. (photos attached in previous monitoring sheets should not be used again). 3. Laboratory results of environmental quality measurements, if any.

Prepared by: Name, Designation and Signature

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Appendix 9

SEMI-ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT TEMPLATE

I. INTRODUCTION - Overall project description and objectives - Description of Project - Environmental category of the sub-projects - Details of site personnel and/or consultants responsible for environmental monitoring - Overall project and sub-project progress and status

Status of Subproject Subproject List of Progress No. Name Pre- Operational Works of Works Design Construction Construction Phase

Compliance status with National/ State/ Local statutory environmental requirements Statutory Sub-Project Status of No. Environmental Action Required Name Compliance Requirements

Compliance status with environmental loan covenants No. (List schedule and paragraph number of Covenant Status of Compliance Action Required Loan Agreement)

II. COMPLIANCE STATUS WITH THE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN - Provide the monitoring results as per the parameters outlined in the EMP. Append supporting documents where applicable, including Environmental Site Inspection Reports. - There should be reporting on the following items which can be incorporated in the checklist of routine Environmental Site Inspection Report followed with a summary in the semi- annual report send to ADB. Visual assessment and review of relevant site documentation during routine site inspection needs to note and record the following: a. What are the dust suppression techniques followed for site and if any dust was noted to escape the site boundaries? b. If muddy water was escaping site boundaries or muddy tracks were seen on adjacent roads; c. Adequacy of type of erosion and sediment control measures installed on site,

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condition of erosion and sediment control measures including if these were intact following heavy rain; d. Are there designated areas for concrete works, and re-fueling? e. Are there spill kits on site and if there are site procedure for handling emergencies; f. Is there any chemical stored on site and what is the storage condition? g. Is there any dewatering activities if yes, where is the water being discharged; h. How are the stockpiles being managed? i. How is solid and liquid waste being handled on site? j. Review of the complaint management system; k. Checking if there are any activities being under taken out of working hours and how that is being managed.

Summary Monitoring Table Parameters Monitored Name of (As a Mitigation Person Impacts minimum Date of Measures Method of Location of Who (List from those Monitoring (List from Monitoring Monitoring Conducted IEE) identified in Conducted IEE) the the IEE Monitoring should be monitored) Design Phase

Pre-Construction Phase

Construction Phase

Operational Phase

Overall Compliance with SEMP/ EMP Status of Implementation Action EMP/ SEMP SEMP/ EMP (Excellent/ Proposed Part of Sub-Project Being Satisfactory/ and No. Contract Name Implemented Partially Additional Documents (Y/N) Satisfactory/ Measures (Y/N) Below Required Satisfactory)

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III. APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING OF THE PROJECT Brief description on the approach and methodology used for environmental monitoring of the Project - Monitoring of environmental IMPACTS on PROJECT SURROUNDINGS (ambient air, water quality and noise levels) - Brief discussion on the basis for monitoring - Indicate type and location of environmental parameters to be monitored - Indicate the method of monitoring and equipment to be used - Provide monitoring results and an analysis of results in relation to baseline data and statutory requirements As a minimum the results should be presented as per the tables below.

Air Quality Results Parameters (Government Standards) Site No. Date of Testing Site Location

Water Quality Results Parameters (Government Standards) Site No. Date of Sampling Site Location

Noise Quality Results LAeq (dBA) (Government Site No. Date of Testing Site Location Standard) Night Day Time Time

IV. SUMMARY OF KEY ISSUES AND REMEDIAL ACTIONS

Summary of follow up time-bound actions to be taken within a set timeframe.

V. APPENDIXES

Photos Summary of consultations Copies of environmental clearances and permits Sample of environmental site inspection report Others