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A First Course to Openfoam
Basic Shell Scripting Slides from Wei Feinstein HPC User Services LSU HPC & LON [email protected] September 2018 Outline • Introduction to Linux Shell • Shell Scripting Basics • Variables/Special Characters • Arithmetic Operations • Arrays • Beyond Basic Shell Scripting – Flow Control – Functions • Advanced Text Processing Commands (grep, sed, awk) Basic Shell Scripting 2 Linux System Architecture Basic Shell Scripting 3 Linux Shell What is a Shell ▪ An application running on top of the kernel and provides a command line interface to the system ▪ Process user’s commands, gather input from user and execute programs ▪ Types of shell with varied features o sh o csh o ksh o bash o tcsh Basic Shell Scripting 4 Shell Comparison Software sh csh ksh bash tcsh Programming language y y y y y Shell variables y y y y y Command alias n y y y y Command history n y y y y Filename autocompletion n y* y* y y Command line editing n n y* y y Job control n y y y y *: not by default http://www.cis.rit.edu/class/simg211/unixintro/Shell.html Basic Shell Scripting 5 What can you do with a shell? ▪ Check the current shell ▪ echo $SHELL ▪ List available shells on the system ▪ cat /etc/shells ▪ Change to another shell ▪ csh ▪ Date ▪ date ▪ wget: get online files ▪ wget https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/gcc-7.1.0/gcc-7.1.0.tar.gz ▪ Compile and run applications ▪ gcc hello.c –o hello ▪ ./hello ▪ What we need to learn today? o Automation of an entire script of commands! o Use the shell script to run jobs – Write job scripts Basic Shell Scripting 6 Shell Scripting ▪ Script: a program written for a software environment to automate execution of tasks ▪ A series of shell commands put together in a file ▪ When the script is executed, those commands will be executed one line at a time automatically ▪ Shell script is interpreted, not compiled. -
Bash Guide for Beginners
Bash Guide for Beginners Machtelt Garrels Garrels BVBA <tille wants no spam _at_ garrels dot be> Version 1.11 Last updated 20081227 Edition Bash Guide for Beginners Table of Contents Introduction.........................................................................................................................................................1 1. Why this guide?...................................................................................................................................1 2. Who should read this book?.................................................................................................................1 3. New versions, translations and availability.........................................................................................2 4. Revision History..................................................................................................................................2 5. Contributions.......................................................................................................................................3 6. Feedback..............................................................................................................................................3 7. Copyright information.........................................................................................................................3 8. What do you need?...............................................................................................................................4 9. Conventions used in this -
Lecture 17 the Shell and Shell Scripting Simple Shell Scripts
Lecture 17 The Shell and Shell Scripting In this lecture • The UNIX shell • Simple Shell Scripts • Shell variables • File System commands, IO commands, IO redirection • Command Line Arguments • Evaluating Expr in Shell • Predicates, operators for testing strings, ints and files • If-then-else in Shell • The for, while and do loop in Shell • Writing Shell scripts • Exercises In this course, we need to be familiar with the "UNIX shell". We use it, whether bash, csh, tcsh, zsh, or other variants, to start and stop processes, control the terminal, and to otherwise interact with the system. Many of you have heard of, or made use of "shell scripting", that is the process of providing instructions to shell in a simple, interpreted programming language . To see what shell we are working on, first SSH into unix.andrew.cmu.edu and type echo $SHELL ---- to see the working shell in SSH We will be writing our shell scripts for this particular shell (csh). The shell scripting language does not fit the classic definition of a useful language. It does not have many of the features such as portability, facilities for resource intensive tasks such as recursion or hashing or sorting. It does not have data structures like arrays and hash tables. It does not have facilities for direct access to hardware or good security features. But in many other ways the language of the shell is very powerful -- it has functions, conditionals, loops. It does not support strong data typing -- it is completely untyped (everything is a string). But, the real power of shell program doesn't come from the language itself, but from the diverse library that it can call upon -- any program. -
R Markdown Cheat Sheet I
1. Workflow R Markdown is a format for writing reproducible, dynamic reports with R. Use it to embed R code and results into slideshows, pdfs, html documents, Word files and more. To make a report: R Markdown Cheat Sheet i. Open - Open a file that ii. Write - Write content with the iii. Embed - Embed R code that iv. Render - Replace R code with its output and transform learn more at rmarkdown.rstudio.com uses the .Rmd extension. easy to use R Markdown syntax creates output to include in the report the report into a slideshow, pdf, html or ms Word file. rmarkdown 0.2.50 Updated: 8/14 A report. A report. A report. A report. A plot: A plot: A plot: A plot: Microsoft .Rmd Word ```{r} ```{r} ```{r} = = hist(co2) hist(co2) hist(co2) ``` ``` Reveal.js ``` ioslides, Beamer 2. Open File Start by saving a text file with the extension .Rmd, or open 3. Markdown Next, write your report in plain text. Use markdown syntax to an RStudio Rmd template describe how to format text in the final report. syntax becomes • In the menu bar, click Plain text File ▶ New File ▶ R Markdown… End a line with two spaces to start a new paragraph. *italics* and _italics_ • A window will open. Select the class of output **bold** and __bold__ you would like to make with your .Rmd file superscript^2^ ~~strikethrough~~ • Select the specific type of output to make [link](www.rstudio.com) with the radio buttons (you can change this later) # Header 1 • Click OK ## Header 2 ### Header 3 #### Header 4 ##### Header 5 ###### Header 6 4. -
ASCII Delimited Format Plug-In User’S Guide
ASCII Delimited Format Plug-in User’s Guide Version 3.4 ASCII DELIMITED ......................................................................................................... 4 CREATING AN ASCII DELIMITED MESSAGE ....................................................... 4 ASCII DELIMITED EXTERNAL MESSAGE UI........................................................ 6 DEFINING AN ASCII DELIMITED MESSAGE FORMAT...................................... 7 ASCII DELIMITED FORMAT OPTIONS .............................................................................. 7 Delimiter ..................................................................................................................... 8 Message Options......................................................................................................... 9 Treat Entire Input/Output as a Single Message (Message Mode) ...................... 9 Treat Each Record as a Separate Message (Batch Mode) ................................ 10 Single Record Mode ......................................................................................... 10 Header/Trailer Option.............................................................................................. 11 ADDING A NEW FIELD.................................................................................................... 12 SPECIFYING FIELD PROPERTIES...................................................................................... 13 The Required Property..................................................................................... -
STAT579: SAS Programming
Note on homework for SAS date formats I'm getting error messages using the format MMDDYY10D. even though this is listed on websites for SAS date formats. Instead, MMDDYY10 and similar (without the D seems to work for both hyphens and slashes. Also note that a date format such as MMDDYYw. means that the w is replaced by a number indicating the width of the string (e.g., 8 or 10). SAS Programming SAS data sets (Chapter 4 of Cody book) SAS creates data sets internally once they are read in from a Data Step. The data sets can be stored in different locations and accessed later on. The default is to store them in WORK, so if you create a data set using data adress; the logfile will say that it created a SAS dataset called WORK.ADDRESS. You can nagivate to the newly created SAS dataset. In SAS Studio, go to the Libraries Tab on the left (Usually appears toward the bottom until you click on it). Then WORK.ADDRESS should appear. SAS Programming SAS data sets SAS Programming SAS data sets SAS Programming Making datasets permanent You can also make SAS datasets permanent. This is done using the libname statement. E.g. SAS Programming Permanent SAS datasets The new dataset should be available to be accessed directly from other SAS programs without reading in original data. This can save a lot of time for large datasets. If the SAS dataset is called mydata, the SAS dataset will be called mydata.sas7bdat, where the 7 refers to the datastructures used in version 7 (and which hasn't changed up to version 9). -
Positive Pay Format Guide
Positive Pay Format Guide Check File Import Contents Contents ........................................................................................................................................................ 1 I. Supported File Types ............................................................................................................................. 2 A. Delimited Text Files ........................................................................................................................... 2 B. Microsoft Excel Files.......................................................................................................................... 2 C. Fixed-width Text Files ....................................................................................................................... 2 D. Header and Trailer Records .............................................................................................................. 2 II. File Data Requirements ......................................................................................................................... 3 A. Required Columns ............................................................................................................................. 3 B. Optional Columns.............................................................................................................................. 3 Positive Pay 1 of 3 BankFinancial, NA Format Guide 11-2016-1 I. Supported File Types Positive Pay supports the following three types of issued files: A. Delimited -
Teach Yourself Perl 5 in 21 Days
Teach Yourself Perl 5 in 21 days David Till Table of Contents: Introduction ● Who Should Read This Book? ● Special Features of This Book ● Programming Examples ● End-of-Day Q& A and Workshop ● Conventions Used in This Book ● What You'll Learn in 21 Days Week 1 Week at a Glance ● Where You're Going Day 1 Getting Started ● What Is Perl? ● How Do I Find Perl? ❍ Where Do I Get Perl? ❍ Other Places to Get Perl ● A Sample Perl Program ● Running a Perl Program ❍ If Something Goes Wrong ● The First Line of Your Perl Program: How Comments Work ❍ Comments ● Line 2: Statements, Tokens, and <STDIN> ❍ Statements and Tokens ❍ Tokens and White Space ❍ What the Tokens Do: Reading from Standard Input ● Line 3: Writing to Standard Output ❍ Function Invocations and Arguments ● Error Messages ● Interpretive Languages Versus Compiled Languages ● Summary ● Q&A ● Workshop ❍ Quiz ❍ Exercises Day 2 Basic Operators and Control Flow ● Storing in Scalar Variables Assignment ❍ The Definition of a Scalar Variable ❍ Scalar Variable Syntax ❍ Assigning a Value to a Scalar Variable ● Performing Arithmetic ❍ Example of Miles-to-Kilometers Conversion ❍ The chop Library Function ● Expressions ❍ Assignments and Expressions ● Other Perl Operators ● Introduction to Conditional Statements ● The if Statement ❍ The Conditional Expression ❍ The Statement Block ❍ Testing for Equality Using == ❍ Other Comparison Operators ● Two-Way Branching Using if and else ● Multi-Way Branching Using elsif ● Writing Loops Using the while Statement ● Nesting Conditional Statements ● Looping Using -
Rmarkdown : : CHEAT SHEET RENDERED OUTPUT File Path to Output Document SOURCE EDITOR What Is Rmarkdown? 1
rmarkdown : : CHEAT SHEET RENDERED OUTPUT file path to output document SOURCE EDITOR What is rmarkdown? 1. New File Write with 5. Save and Render 6. Share find in document .Rmd files · Develop your code and publish to Markdown ideas side-by-side in a single rpubs.com, document. Run code as individual shinyapps.io, The syntax on the lef renders as the output on the right. chunks or as an entire document. set insert go to run code RStudio Connect Rmd preview code code chunk(s) Plain text. Plain text. Dynamic Documents · Knit together location chunk chunk show End a line with two spaces to End a line with two spaces to plots, tables, and results with outline start a new paragraph. start a new paragraph. narrative text. Render to a variety of 4. Set Output Format(s) Also end with a backslash\ Also end with a backslash formats like HTML, PDF, MS Word, or and Options reload document to make a new line. to make a new line. MS Powerpoint. *italics* and **bold** italics and bold Reproducible Research · Upload, link superscript^2^/subscript~2~ superscript2/subscript2 to, or attach your report to share. ~~strikethrough~~ strikethrough Anyone can read or run your code to 3. Write Text run all escaped: \* \_ \\ escaped: * _ \ reproduce your work. previous modify chunks endash: --, emdash: --- endash: –, emdash: — chunk run options current # Header 1 Header 1 chunk ## Header 2 Workflow ... Header 2 2. Embed Code ... 11. Open a new .Rmd file in the RStudio IDE by ###### Header 6 Header 6 going to File > New File > R Markdown. -
Conda-Build Documentation Release 3.21.5+15.G174ed200.Dirty
conda-build Documentation Release 3.21.5+15.g174ed200.dirty Anaconda, Inc. Sep 27, 2021 CONTENTS 1 Installing and updating conda-build3 2 Concepts 5 3 User guide 17 4 Resources 49 5 Release notes 115 Index 127 i ii conda-build Documentation, Release 3.21.5+15.g174ed200.dirty Conda-build contains commands and tools to use conda to build your own packages. It also provides helpful tools to constrain or pin versions in recipes. Building a conda package requires installing conda-build and creating a conda recipe. You then use the conda build command to build the conda package from the conda recipe. You can build conda packages from a variety of source code projects, most notably Python. For help packing a Python project, see the Setuptools documentation. OPTIONAL: If you are planning to upload your packages to Anaconda Cloud, you will need an Anaconda Cloud account and client. CONTENTS 1 conda-build Documentation, Release 3.21.5+15.g174ed200.dirty 2 CONTENTS CHAPTER ONE INSTALLING AND UPDATING CONDA-BUILD To enable building conda packages: • install conda • install conda-build • update conda and conda-build 1.1 Installing conda-build To install conda-build, in your terminal window or an Anaconda Prompt, run: conda install conda-build 1.2 Updating conda and conda-build Keep your versions of conda and conda-build up to date to take advantage of bug fixes and new features. To update conda and conda-build, in your terminal window or an Anaconda Prompt, run: conda update conda conda update conda-build For release notes, see the conda-build GitHub page. -
Installing and Configuring PHP
05 6205 CH03.qxd 11/20/03 11:27 AM Page 51 CHAPTER 3 Installing and Configuring PHP In the last of the three installation-related chapters, you will acquire, install, and configure PHP and make some basic changes to your Apache installation. In this chapter, you will learn . How to install PHP with Apache on Linux/Unix . How to install PHP with Apache server on Windows . How to test your PHP installation . How to find help when things go wrong . The basics of the PHP language Current and Future Versions of PHP The installation instructions in this chapter refer to PHP version 4.3.3, which is the current version of the software. The PHP Group uses minor release numbers for updates containing security enhancements or bug fixes. Minor releases do not follow a set release schedule; when enhancements or fixes are added to the code and thor- oughly tested, the PHP Group will releases a new version, with a new minor version number. It is possible that by the time you purchase this book, the minor version number will have changed, to 4.3.4 or beyond. If that is the case, you should read the list of changes at http://www.php.net/ChangeLog-4.php for any changes regarding the installation or configuration process, which makes up the bulk of this chapter. Although it is unlikely that any installation instructions will change between minor version updates, you should get in the habit of always checking the changelog of software that you install and maintain. If a minor version change does occur during the time you are reading this book, but no installation changes are noted in the 05 6205 CH03.qxd 11/20/03 11:27 AM Page 52 52 Chapter 3 changelog, simply make a mental note and substitute the new version number wherever it appears in the installation instructions and accompanying figures. -
Understanding the Command-Line Interface
Understanding the Command-Line Interface This chapter helps you understand the command-line interface. • Information About the CLI Prompt, on page 1 • Command Modes, on page 2 • Special Characters, on page 5 • Keystroke Shortcuts, on page 5 • Abbreviating Commands, on page 7 • Completing a Partial Command Name, on page 8 • Identifying Your Location in the Command Hierarchy, on page 8 • Using the no Form of a Command , on page 9 • Configuring CLI Variables, on page 10 • Command Aliases, on page 12 • Command Scripts, on page 14 • Context-Sensitive Help , on page 16 • Understanding Regular Expressions, on page 17 • Searching and Filtering show Command Output, on page 19 • Searching and Filtering from the --More-- Prompt, on page 23 • Using the Command History, on page 24 • Enabling or Disabling the CLI Confirmation Prompts, on page 26 • Setting CLI Display Colors, on page 26 • Sending Commands to Modules, on page 27 • BIOS Loader Prompt, on page 28 • Examples Using the CLI , on page 28 Information About the CLI Prompt Once you have successfully accessed the device, the CLI prompt displays in the terminal window of your console port or remote workstation as shown in this example: User Access Verification login: admin Password:<password> Cisco Nexus Operating System (NX-OS) Software TAC support: http://www.cisco.com/tac Copyright (c) 2002-2009, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Understanding the Command-Line Interface 1 Understanding the Command-Line Interface Command Modes The copyrights to certain works contained in this software are owned by other third parties and used and distributed under license. Certain components of this software are licensed under the GNU General Public License (GPL) version 2.0 or the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) Version 2.1.