AP Economics Syllabus
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The Relationship of PSAT/NMSQT Scores and AP Examination Grades
Research Notes Office of Research and Development RN-02, November 1997 The Relationship of PSAT/NMSQT Scores and AP® Examination Grades he PSAT/NMSQT, which measures devel- Recent analyses have shown that student per- oped verbal and quantitative reasoning, as formance on the PSAT/NMSQT can be useful in Twell as writing skills generally associated identifying additional students who may be suc- with academic achievement in college, is adminis- cessful in AP courses. PSAT/NMSQT scores can tered each October to nearly two million students, identify students who may not have been initially the vast majority of whom are high school juniors considered for an AP course through teacher or and sophomores. PSAT/NMSQT information has self-nomination or other local procedures. For been used by high school counselors to assist in many AP courses, students with moderate scores advising students in college planning, high school on the PSAT/NMSQT have a high probability of suc- course selection, and for scholarship awards. In- cess on the examinations. For example, a majority formation from the PSAT/NMSQT can also be very of students with PSAT/NMSQT verbal scores of useful for high schools in identifying additional 46–50 received grades of 3 or above on nearly all of students who may be successful in Advanced the 29 AP Examinations studied, while over one- Placement courses, and assisting schools in deter- third of students with scores of 41–45 achieved mining whether to offer additional Advanced grades of 3 or above on five AP Examinations. Placement courses. There are substantial variations across AP subjects that must be considered. -
Freakonomics: a Rogue Economist Explores the Hidden Side of Everything
Freakonomics: A Rogue Economist Explores the Hidden Side of Everything By Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner New York City, William Morrow 2005 242pp, $51.95, ISBN 0 06 073132X The University of Chicago has a tradition of producing economists that push the boundaries of the discipline. This is the school that nurtured innovative and iconoclastic thinkers such as Milton Friedman (on macroeconomic stabilisation policy), Robert Lucas (on the use of ‘rational’ rather than Keynesian ‘adaptive’ expectations) and Gary Becker (on the economics of the family). Steven Levitt and his journalist co-author, Stephen Dubner, appear to be following this tradition by publishing a book that deals with a range of topics that do not fall within the realm of mainstream economics—hence the book’s title. Freakonomics can best be described as a sort of Bill Bryson guide to applied social science. It considers a number of disparate behavioural phenomena and seeks to make sense of them, sometimes drawing on economic hypotheses but always relying heavily on data. It is the emphasis on data that is the book’s strongest feature. Levitt and Dubner discuss innovative techniques for identifying match-rigging by sumo wrestlers, cheating by Chicago school teachers, the impact of parents on children’s school test scores and other diverse topics. The approach used to test sumo match-rigging is especially fascinating and is compulsory reading for anyone planning to sit a graduate job interview for McKinsey. Levitt and Dubner explain that the top wrestlers compete in tournaments six times a year. Each tournament comprises fifteen matches. -
Measuring the Impact of Crack Cocaine
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES MEASURING THE IMPACT OF CRACK COCAINE Roland G. Fryer, Jr. Paul S. Heaton Steven D. Levitt Kevin M. Murphy Working Paper 11318 http://www.nber.org/papers/w11318 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 May 2005 We would like to thank Jonathan Caulkins, John Donohue, Lawrence Katz, Glenn Loury, Derek Neal, Bruce Sacerdote, Sudhir Venkatesh, and Ebonya Washington for helpful discussions on this topic. Elizabeth Coston and Rachel Tay provided exceptional research assistance. We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of Sherman Shapiro, the American Bar Foundation, and the National Science Foundation. The views expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. ©2005 by Roland G. Fryer, Paul S. Heaton, Steven D. Levitt, and Kevin M. Murphy. All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission provided that full credit, including © notice, is given to the source. Measuring the Impact of Crack Cocaine Roland G. Fryer, Paul S. Heaton, Steven D. Levitt, and Kevin M. Murphy NBER Working Paper No. 11318 May 2005 JEL No. J00 ABSTRACT A wide range of social indicators turned sharply negative for Blacks in the late 1980s and began to rebound roughly a decade later. We explore whether the rise and fall of crack cocaine can explain these patterns. Absent a direct measure of crack cocaine’s prevalence, we construct an index based on a range of indirect proxies (cocaine arrests, cocaine-related emergency room visits, cocaine- induced drug deaths, crack mentions in newspapers, and DEA drug busts). -
AP Macroeconomics: Vocabulary 1. Aggregate Spending (GDP)
AP Macroeconomics: Vocabulary 1. Aggregate Spending (GDP): The sum of all spending from four sectors of the economy. GDP = C+I+G+Xn 2. Aggregate Income (AI) :The sum of all income earned by suppliers of resources in the economy. AI=GDP 3. Nominal GDP: the value of current production at the current prices 4. Real GDP: the value of current production, but using prices from a fixed point in time 5. Base year: the year that serves as a reference point for constructing a price index and comparing real values over time. 6. Price index: a measure of the average level of prices in a market basket for a given year, when compared to the prices in a reference (or base) year. 7. Market Basket: a collection of goods and services used to represent what is consumed in the economy 8. GDP price deflator: the price index that measures the average price level of the goods and services that make up GDP. 9. Real rate of interest: the percentage increase in purchasing power that a borrower pays a lender. 10. Expected (anticipated) inflation: the inflation expected in a future time period. This expected inflation is added to the real interest rate to compensate for lost purchasing power. 11. Nominal rate of interest: the percentage increase in money that the borrower pays the lender and is equal to the real rate plus the expected inflation. 12. Business cycle: the periodic rise and fall (in four phases) of economic activity 13. Expansion: a period where real GDP is growing. 14. Peak: the top of a business cycle where an expansion has ended. -
Ap Calculus Ab 2018 Elite Student Edition 4Th Edition Pdf, Epub, Ebook
5 STEPS TO A 5: AP CALCULUS AB 2018 ELITE STUDENT EDITION 4TH EDITION PDF, EPUB, EBOOK William Ma | 9781259864001 | | | | | 5 Steps to a 5: AP Calculus AB 2018 Elite Student Edition 4th edition PDF Book Home Learning. Let me know what you think in the contact link below!. The AP score distributions are added live to this page as they are Tweeted. Free delivery worldwide. Want to know my take? Popular Features. Show More. Get ready to ace your AP Microeconomics Exam with this easy-to-follow, multi-platform study guide5 Steps You can find the question. In any economy, the existence of limited resources along with unlimited wants results in the need to make choices. McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing. User account menu. Andrew White 4 months ago 34 minutes views Solution video to the second set of free response , questions ,. High school students studied Newtonian mechanics, electricity and magnetism, fluid mechanics, and thermal physics, waves and optics, and atomic and nuclear physics in preparation for a cumulative exam given each May. Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for Home 1 Books 2. Over AP macroeconomics practice questions to help you with your AP macroeconomics exam prep. You need to take the test seriously but it is a practice test. Sign in to Purchase Instantly. Video Project - See iLearn for Details. Ecology practice questions answers. All of those questions require you to have sufficient knowledge. We're featuring millions of their reader ratings on our book pages to help you find your new favourite book. -
Babson Curriculum / Ap Exam Equivalents /Class of 2025
BABSON CURRICULUM / AP EXAM EQUIVALENTS / CLASS OF 2025 Scores of 4 or 5 Only AP INFORMATION BABSON EQUIVALENT COURSE INFORMATION Exam # Exam Title Code Credits Course Title Requirement 14 Art: Studio Art-Drawing Portfolio N/A N/A No Babson Equivalent No Babson Equivalent 15 Art: Studio Art-General Portfolio N/A N/A No Babson Equivalent No Babson Equivalent 20 Biology N/A N/A No Babson Equivalent No Babson Equivalent 66 Calculus AB N/A N/A No Babson Equivalent No Babson Equivalent 69 Calculus AB: subscore grade N/A N/A No Babson Equivalent No Babson Equivalent 68 Calculus BC N/A N/A No Babson Equivalent No Babson Equivalent 25 Chemistry N/A N/A No Babson Equivalent No Babson Equivalent 28 Chinese Language CHN 1200 4 AP Chinese Lang Free Elective 31 Computer Science A N/A N/A No Babson Equivalent No Babson Equivalent 33 Computer Science AB N/A N/A No Babson Equivalent No Babson Equivalent 35 Economics: Macroeconomics ECN 2000 4 AP Macroeconomics Principles of Macroeconomics 34 Economics: Microeconomics SME 2031 3 AP Microeconomics Principles of Microeconomics 36 English Language and Composition WRT 1001 4 AP English Lang&Comp Writing Across Context WRT 1001 or Writing Across Context or 37 English Literature and Composition 4 AP English Lit&Comp LVA 2050 1 2 LVA Intermediate 40 Environmental Science N/A N/A No Babson Equivalent No Babson Equivalent 43 European History HSS 2050 2 4 AP EuroHistory HSS Intermediate 48 French Language FRN 1200 4 AP French Lang Free Elective 51 French Literature FRN 1200 4 AP French Lit Free Elective 55 German -
Chicago Workshop on Black–White Inequality: a Summary by Derek A
ESSAYS ON ISSUES THE FEDERAL RESERVE BANK APRIL 2007 OF CHICAGO NUMBER 237a Chicago Fed Letter Chicago Workshop on Black–White Inequality: A summary by Derek A. Neal, professor of economics, University of Chicago, and consultant, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago The Chicago Workshop on Black–White Inequality, funded by the Searle Freedom Trust, meets on a semiannual basis to explore the causes and consequences of economic inequality between blacks and whites in the U.S. On December 15, 2006, the second meeting of the workshop was hosted by the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago. During most of the twentieth century, looked at the effects of several govern- each successive generation of black ment policies on skill development in Americans came closer than their pre- children, as well as the measurement decessors to matching the educational challenges faced by social scientists who achievement and economic success of seek to quantify changes in the black– their white peers. However, the conver- white skill gap. gence in skills among children and in labor market success among adults stalled Education policy around 1990. The Chicago Workshop Education policy is at the forefront of Materials presented at the on Black–White Inequality is an effort many discussions of inequality in the to explore the reasons for the recent United States. The ongoing debate sur- December 15, 2006, meeting lack of progress for blacks relative to rounding the No Child Left Behind Act of the workshop are available whites. Workshop meetings focus par- of 2001 (NCLB) highlights the public at http://economics.uchicago. ticular attention on the black–white perception that disadvantaged commu- edu/Inequality_Workshop/ gaps in reading, math, and other basic nities, especially disadvantaged minority skills that appear to play such a large communities, receive poor service from Schedule_dec15.shtml. -
THE WHITE/BLACK EDUCATIONAL GAP, STALLED PROGRESS, and the LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES of the EMERGENCE of CRACK COCAINE MARKETS William N
THE WHITE/BLACK EDUCATIONAL GAP, STALLED PROGRESS, AND THE LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES OF THE EMERGENCE OF CRACK COCAINE MARKETS William N. Evans, Craig Garthwaite, and Timothy J. Moore* Abstract—We propose the rise of crack cocaine markets as a key explana- Figure 1A contains the race-specific high school completion tion for the end to the convergence in black-white educational outcomes in the United States that began in the mid-1980s. After constructing a rates for cohorts turning 18 between 1965 and 1997, while measure to date the arrival of crack markets in cities and states, we show figure 1B shows the white-black difference in these rates. that the decline in educational outcomes for black males begins with the Several features of the data are remarkable. First, the gap in start of the crack epidemic. We also show that there are higher murder and incarceration rates after the arrival of crack cocaine and that these are completion rates fell by 37% between 1965 and 1986, predictive of lower black high school completion rates, a result consistent decreasing from 15.3 to 9.6 percentage points. Second, with human capital theory. We estimate that effects related to crack mar- almost all of the convergence is due to rising black achieve- kets can account for approximately 40% to 70% of the fall in black male high school completion rates. ment—the completion rates of whites changed little over this period. Third, the convergence ends around 1986, and white- I. Introduction black completion rates diverge until 1997, when the gap was 14.4 percentage points. -
Guns and Violence: the Enduring Impact of Crack Cocaine Markets on Young Black Males*
GUNS AND VIOLENCE: THE ENDURING IMPACT OF CRACK COCAINE MARKETS ON YOUNG BLACK MALES* WILLIAM N. EVANS CRAIG GARTHWAITE TIMOTHY J. MOORE UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY PURDUE UNIVERSITY AND NBER, AND J-PAL AND NBER AND NBER December 2018 Abstract The emergence of crack cocaine markets in the 1980s brought a wave of violence to US cities that has repercussions today. Using cross-city variation in crack’s arrival and the experience of older cohorts, we estimate that the murder rate of young black males doubled soon after these markets were established, and that their rate was still 70 percent higher 17 years later. Using the fraction of gun-related suicides as a proxy for gun availability, we find that access to guns explains both the rise in young black males' murder rates after crack’s arrival and their elevated murder rates today. The authors wish to thank Michael Smith and Timothy Seida for excellent research assistance, and for seminar participants at Auburn University, Harvard University, Northwestern University, University of Georgia, University of Nebraska, Vanderbilt University, and University of Notre Dame for a number of helpful suggestions. Moore acknowledges financial support from an Australian Research Council fellowship (Discovery Early Career Research Award DE170100608). 0 1. Introduction Compared to other developed countries, the United States stands alone in its shockingly high murder rate. In 2015, the U.S. murder rate was 5.5 murders per 100,000 people, which is more than three times the rate of France, Canada, and the United Kingdom, and more than five times the rate of Italy, Germany and Spain.1 Despite being high relative to other developed countries, the U.S. -
Lionel Robbins on Economic Generalizations and Reality in the Light of Modern Econometrics
Economica (2009) 76, 873–890 doi:10.1111/j.1468-0335.2009.00805.x Robbins on Economic Generalizations and Reality in the Light of Modern Econometrics By ROGER E. BACKHOUSEw and STEVEN N. DURLAUFz wUniversity of Birmingham and Erasmus University Rotterdam zUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison Final version received 27 February 2009. This paper examines Lionel Robbins’ critical attitude towards formal empirical work from the standpoint of modern econometrics. It argues that his attitude towards empirical work rested on indefensible assumptions and that he failed to realise that the role he saw for empirical work undermined his belief in the primacy of economic theory. This matters because Robbins’ attitudes are echoed in modern economics, best exemplified by the calibration methodology of Kydland and Prescott, which is vulnerable to similar criticisms. INTRODUCTION Economists take widely different positions on the role that empirical evidence should play in the development of substantive propositions. Contemporary macroeconomics is split between those who give primacy to theory, whether they employ calibration methods to link theory to data (Edward Prescott) or regard theory and econometrics as complementary (Lars Hansen and Thomas Sargent), and those who regard atheoretical analyses as fundamental (Christopher Sims).1 Similar disagreements exist within microeconomics. On the microeconometrics side, one finds competing paradigms between James Heckman, whose work focuses on the use of economic assumptions to account for self-selection and heterogeneity, those who adopt the essentially statistical assumptions employed in Donald Rubin’s causal model, and Charles Manski’s emphasis on asking what may be learned under minimal assumptions of any type. Other microeconomic research, for example Steven Levitt’s work on crime, focuses on the identification of natural experiments, so that econometric analysis is reduced to a trivial role. -
AP Macroeconomics: Updates for 2019-20
AP Macroeconomics: Updates for 2019-20 § To bring you and your students new classroom resources and supports, we’re making updates to AP® Macroeconomics for the 2019-20 school year. § These updates will give you a clearer sense of the content and skills that will be tested on the AP Exam. They’ll also ensure that the exam format remains consistent from year to year. § You won’t need to update your syllabus in the AP Course Audit. § Starting in August, you’ll need to complete a simple digital activation process to access the new resources and help your students register for their exams. Course Updates The CED organizes the course into six commonly taught units. AP Macroeconomics has been updated for the 2019-20 § school year to make things clearer for you and your students. This series of units represents a sequence that is found in widely adopted college textbooks and that many Course and exam information is now clearly AP Macroeconomics teachers have told us they follow: w presented in a course and exam description (CED). Unit 1: Basic Economic Concepts § w Currently, a course description booklet—a very general Unit 2: Economic Indicators and the Business Cycle overview of course content, with a topic outline—is w available to help you plan your instruction. Unit 3: National Income and Price Determination § w Starting in late May 2019, you’ll have access to a course Unit 4: Financial Sector w and exam description (CED) for AP Macroeconomics Unit 5: Long-Run Consequences of that clearly outlines all required course content and Stabilization Policies defines how that content will be assessed on the exam. -
AP Economics/ 10Th - 12Th Grade ______
SCHOOL DISTRICT OF THE CHATHAMS CURRICULUM ______________________________________________________________________________ CONTENT AREA(S): Social Studies COURSE/GRADE LEVEL(S): AP Economics/ 10th - 12th Grade ______________________________________________________________________________ I. Course Overview Advanced Placement Economics provides students with a thorough understanding of the principles and applications of microeconomics and macroeconomics. This rigorous, college-level course, prepares students for both the AP Microeconomics exam and AP Macroeconomics exam. The purpose of microeconomics is to give students a thorough understanding of the principles of economics that apply to the functions of individual decision makers, both consumers and producers, within the economic system. It places primary emphasis on the nature and functions of product markets and includes the study of factor markets and the role of government in promoting greater efficiency and equity in the economy. The purpose of macroeconomics is to give students a greater understanding of the principles of economics that apply to an economic system as a whole. The course places particular emphasis on the study of national income and price-level determination, and also develops students’ familiarity with economic performance measures, the financial sector, stabilization policies, economic growth, and international economics. Advanced Placement Economics students will be challenged to master economic theory in order to analyze and evaluate current economic issues using supply and demand analysis. II. Units of Study Microeconomics Unit 1: Basic Economic Concepts (1.5 weeks) [SC1, SC8, SC9] a. Scarcity b. Three Fundamental Economic Questions c. Factors of Production d. Opportunity Cost and Trade-offs e. Benefits of trade versus being self-sufficient f. Import versus export g. Different Types of Economic Systems h.