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HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 1 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 3 Holistic Management Delivers Results

For over 40 years Holistic Manage- land base, increased pressures from a ment has delivered results for land global market, governmental regula- managers and those who care for the tions, extreme weather, changes in land. Whether you are a farmer, societal attitudes about land use, and rancher, environmentalist, govern- a host of other problems. Most people ment employee, or consumer, Holis- who want to learn more about Holistic tic Management gives you the management tools to understand Nature and !"#$%&$'()*+*,-)-+&work(0 -#$with4 it.-/% This( whole /-%3#&% farm/whole ranch/whole system approach to re- source management pro- ‘”‘˜‡”͜͠›‡ƒ”• ‘Ž‹•–‹ ƒƒ‰‡‡–vides you withŠƒ• some key †‡Ž‹˜‡”‡†”‡•—Ž–•ˆ‘”Žƒ†ƒƒ‰‡”•principlesƒ† and–Š‘•‡ practices that will help you manage ™Š‘ ƒ”‡ˆ‘”–Š‡Žƒ†ǤŠ‡–Š‡”land›‘— to ƒ”‡improveƒˆƒ”‡”ǡ its health ”ƒ Š‡”ǡ‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽ‹•–ǡ‰‘˜‡”‡–and create a sustainable ‡’Ž‘›‡‡ǡ‘” ‘•—‡”ǡ ‘Ž‹•–‹ futureƒƒ‰‡‡– for generations to come. ‰‹˜‡•›‘—–Š‡ƒƒ‰‡‡––‘‘Ž• –‘—†‡”•–ƒ† ƒ–—”‡ƒ†™‘”™‹–Š‹–ǤŠ‹•Thousands™Š‘Ž‡ of people are ˆƒ”Ȁ™Š‘Ž‡”ƒ ŠȀ™Š‘Ž‡•›•–‡usingƒ’’”‘ƒ Š these simple–‘ princi- ples and practices to im- ”‡•‘—” ‡ƒƒ‰‡‡–’”‘˜‹†‡•prove›‘— land™‹–Š health•‘‡ and pro- M(6$B*&+0&B'(.$)+8$B*)0/&0(.$/5)/$%&''$5('B$6"#$ductivity, increase profit- ƒƒ‰‡Žƒ†–‘‹’”‘˜‡‹–•Š‡ƒŽ–Šability,ƒ† and ”‡ƒ–‡ improveƒ the quality of life Management have already heard for all who rely on the resources be- about the solid results people achieve •—•–ƒ‹ƒ„Ž‡ˆ—–—”‡ˆ‘”‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘•ing managed.–‘ ‘‡Ǥ This self study guide when using this management proc- will give you the basics to get started ess: the 400% increase of forage, the Š‘—•ƒ†•‘ˆ’‡‘’Ž‡ƒ”‡—•‹‰in –Š‡•‡using •‹’Ž‡the Holistic Management 300% increase in profit, the return of principles and practices to create the springs and creeks to the land along ’”‹ ‹’Ž‡•ƒ†’”ƒ –‹ ‡•–‘‹’”‘˜‡results Žƒ†you want.Š‡ƒŽ–Š This first section is with many perennial grasses and ƒ†’”‘†— –‹˜‹–›ǡ‹ ”‡ƒ•‡’”‘Ƥ–ƒ„‹Ž‹–›ǡan overview.ƒ† Subsequent sections much wildlife. ‹’”‘˜‡–Š‡“—ƒŽ‹–›‘ˆŽ‹ˆ‡ˆ‘”giveƒŽŽ™Š‘ more”‡Ž› detail‘ and–Š‡ hands on prac- tice in managing holistically. Holistic Management will help you as- ”‡•‘—” ‡•„‡‹‰ƒƒ‰‡†ǤŠ‹• •‡Žˆ•–—†›‰—‹†‡ sess your situation and manage it— ™‹ŽŽ‰‹˜‡›‘—–Š‡„ƒ•‹ •–‘‰‡–Improving•–ƒ”–‡†‹—•‹‰ Resource–Š‡ including the decisions you make and -"'&./&0$1)+)2(3(+/$%&''$5('B$6"#$)..(..$ -"'&./&0$1)+)2(3(+/$B*&+0&B'(.$)+8$B*)0/&0(.$/"$Management in These the actions you take based on them— 6"#*$.&/#)/&"+$)+8$3)+)2($&/O$&+0'#8&+2$/5($from a bigger picture, a holistic per- ”‡ƒ–‡–Š‡”‡•—Ž–•›‘—™ƒ–ǤŠ‹•Ƥ”•–•‡ –‹‘‹•ƒ Challenging Times 8(0&.&"+.$6"#$3)M($)+8$/5($)0/&"+.$6"#$/)M($spective. By understanding how Na- ‘˜‡”˜‹‡™Ǥ—„•‡“—‡–•‡ –‹‘•‰‹˜‡‘”‡†‡–ƒ‹Ž ture functions and managing your re- „ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡Ȅˆ”‘ƒ„‹‰‰‡”’‹ –—”‡ǡƒŠ‘Ž‹•–‹  )+8$5)+8.$"+$B*)0/&0($&+$3)+)2&+2$5"'&./&0)''6;In recent years more and more re- sources to create symbiotic relation- source managers are being chal-’‡”•’‡ –‹˜‡Ǥ›ships,—†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰ everyone winsŠ‘™ andƒ–—”‡ there is lenged by a deteriorating or stagnantˆ— –‹‘• ƒ†moreƒƒ‰‹‰ effective›‘—” use”‡•‘—” ‡• of those –‘resources. ”‡ƒ–‡ •›„‹‘–‹ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’•ǡ‡˜‡”›‘‡™‹•ƒ†–Š‡”‡ $)./"4$+,(/-%"3/'-()*+*,-)-+&( ‹•‘”‡‡ơ‡ –‹˜‡—•‡‘ˆ–Š‘•‡”‡•‘—” ‡•Ǥ $+(&!-%-('!*##-+,$+,(&$)-% Principles for Success: Healthy Land, Sustainable Future 2

!"#$0)+$(+5)+0($6"#*$)9&'&/6$/"$&+/(*)0/$%&/5$)+8$ N+$*(0(+/$6()*.$3"*($)+8$3"*($*(."#*0($ ƒƒ‰‡›‘—”Žƒ†”‡•‘—” ‡•„›Ž‘‘‹‰ ƒ”‡ˆ—ŽŽ› 3)+)2(*.$)*($9(&+2$05)''(+2(8$96$)$8(/(*&"*)/&+2$ ƒ––Š‡‡˜”‹‘‡–‹™Š‹ Š›‘—Ž‹˜‡Ȃƒ––Š‡•‘‹Ž ‘”•–ƒ‰ƒ–Žƒ†„ƒ•‡ǡ‹ ”‡ƒ•‡†’”‡••—”‡•ˆ”‘ƒ ‘˜‡”ǡ‘‹•–—”‡ǡ•‘‹Žˆ‡”–‹Ž‹–›ǡ–Š‡˜ƒ”‹‡–›‘ˆŽ‹˜‹‰ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽƒ”‡–ǡ‰‘˜‡”‡–ƒŽ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘•ǡ ‘”‰ƒ‹••‘–Š‡Žƒ†ƒ”‘—†›‘—ǡƒ†Š‘™™‡ŽŽ ‡š–”‡‡™‡ƒ–Š‡”ǡ Šƒ‰‡•‹•‘ ‹‡–ƒŽƒ––‹–—†‡• –Š‡›ƒ”‡ ƒ’–—”‹‰–Š‡•—ǯ•‡‡”‰›ǤŽŽ–Š‡•‡ƒ† ƒ„‘—–Žƒ†—•‡ǡƒ†ƒŠ‘•–‘ˆ‘–Š‡”’”‘„Ž‡•Ǥ ƒ›‘–Š‡”ˆƒ –‘”•ƒơ‡ –Š‘™’”‘†— –‹˜‡›‘—” 1"./$B("B'($%5"$%)+/$/"$'()*+$3"*($)9"#/$ Žƒ†™‹ŽŽ„‡ǡ‘–‘Ž›–‘†ƒ›ǡ„—–‹ˆ›‘—†‘›‘—”Œ‘„ ‘Ž‹•–‹ ƒƒ‰‡‡–Šƒ˜‡ƒŽ”‡ƒ†›Š‡ƒ”†ƒ„‘—– ™‡ŽŽƒ†ƒƒ‰‡›‘—””‡•‘—” ‡• ƒ”‡ˆ—ŽŽ›ǡˆƒ”‹–‘ –Š‡•‘Ž‹†”‡•—Ž–•’‡‘’Ž‡ƒ Š‹‡˜‡™Š‡—•‹‰–Š‹• –Š‡ˆ—–—”‡Ǥ‘—ƒ”‡ǯ–•‹’Ž›ƒŽƒ†ƒƒ‰‡”ǡ„—– ƒƒ‰‡‡–’”‘ ‡••ǣ–Š‡͜͜͠τ‹ ”‡ƒ•‡‘ˆ ƒ•–‡™ƒ”†‘ˆ–Š‡”‡•‘—” ‡•’—–‹–‘›‘—” ƒ”‡Ǥ ˆ‘”ƒ‰‡ǡ–Š‡͟͜͜τ‹ ”‡ƒ•‡‹’”‘Ƥ–ǡ–Š‡”‡–—”‘ˆ .B*&+2.$)+8$0*((M.$/"$/5($')+8$)'"+2$%&/5$3)+6$ †ǡ‹ˆ›‘—†‘ǯ–ƒ††”‡••›‘—”•‘ ‹ƒŽƒ† ’‡”‡‹ƒŽ‰”ƒ••‡•ƒ†— Š™‹Ž†Ž‹ˆ‡Ǥ ‡ ‘‘‹ ‡‡†•‹–Š‡’”‘ ‡••ǡ›‘—™‹ŽŽŠƒ˜‡ –”‘—„Ž‡•—•–ƒ‹‹‰ƒ›’”‘‰”‡••›‘—ǯ˜‡ƒ†‡‘ –Š‡Žƒ†ǤŠƒ–ǯ•™Š› ‘Ž‹•–‹ ƒƒ‰‡–Š‡Ž’• ’‡‘’Ž‡Ž‘‘ƒ––Š‡‡˜”‹‘‡–ƒŽǡ‡ ‘‘‹ ǡƒ† •‘ ‹ƒŽ•Š‘”–ƒ†Ž‘‰Ǧ–‡” ‘•‡“—‡ ‡•‘ˆ–Š‡‹”

4 HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 1 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 ‘Ž‹•–‹ ƒƒ‰‡‡–‹•–Š‡’ƒ”ƒ†‹‰•Š‹ˆ– You use Holistic Managment in –Šƒ–™‹ŽŽƒ††”‡••–Š‹•‡‡†Ǥ ‹”•– ‘ ‡‹˜‡†ƒ† conjunction with all the other tools †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡†„›Š‘†‡•‹ƒ„‹‘Ž‘‰‹•–ǡ‰ƒ‡”ƒ‰‡”ǡ you already have in your toolbox, ’‘Ž‹–‹ ‹ƒǡˆƒ”‡”ǡƒ†”ƒ Š‡”ǡŽŽƒƒ˜‘”›$ maximizing your effectiveness as a ȋ•‡‡„‹‘‰”ƒ’Š›ƒ–™™™Ǥƒ˜‘”› •–‹–—–‡Ǥ ‘Ȍǡ‘˜‡”$ resource manager. ͜͠›‡ƒ”•ƒ‰‘ǡ ‘Ž‹•–‹ ƒƒ‰‡‡–‹•†”‹˜‡„› ƒ†‡ ‹•‹‘ƒ‹‰ˆ”ƒ‡™‘”™Š‹ Š‡•—”‡• ‡ ‘‘‹ ǡ‡ ‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽǡƒ†•‘ ‹ƒŽ•‘—†‡••ǡ †‡ ‹•‹‘•ƒ†ƒƒ‰‡‡–Ǥ‘—Œ—•–—•‡–Š‹• •‹—Ž–ƒ‡‘—•Ž›ǡ„‘–Š•Š‘”–ƒ†Ž‘‰–‡”Ǥƒ˜‘”› •‹’Ž‡ƒƒ‰‡‡––‘‘Ž‹ ‘Œ— –‹‘™‹–ŠƒŽŽ ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ–‡†ˆ‘—”‡›‹•‹‰Š–•™Š‹ Šƒ”‡’‹˜‘–ƒŽ–‘ –Š‡‘–Š‡”–‘‘Ž•›‘—ƒŽ”‡ƒ†›Šƒ˜‡‹›‘—”–‘‘Ž„‘šǡ ‘—”—†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ–—”ƒŽ™‘”Ž†Ȅ‹•‹‰Š–• ƒš‹‹œ‹‰›‘—”‡ơ‡ –‹˜‡‡••ƒ•ƒ”‡•”‘— ‡ %5&05$#+8(*B&+$/5($-"'&./&0$1)+)2(3(+/$ 3)+)2(*;$ †‡ ‹•‹‘ƒ‹‰ˆ”ƒ‡™‘”Ǥƒ†ǡ‰”ƒœ‹‰ǡƒ† Ƥƒ ‹ƒŽ’Žƒ‹‰’”‘ ‡†—”‡• ‘’Ž‡‡––Š‡ ‡ƒŽ–Š›‡˜‹”‘‡–••—’’‘”–ƒ˜ƒ”‹‡–›‘ˆ ˆ”ƒ‡™‘”ǡ‡ƒ„Ž‹‰‘Ǧ–Š‡Ǧ‰”‘—†ƒƒ‰‡”• †‹ơ‡”‡–Ž‹˜‹‰–Š‹‰•Ǥ ”‘–Š‡–‹‹‡•–•‘‹Ž –‘‡ơ‡ –‹˜‡Ž›Šƒ†Ž‡–Š‡‹Š‡”‡– ‘’Ž‡š‹–›‘ˆ ‘”‰ƒ‹••ǡ–‘–Š‡’Žƒ–•–Šƒ–‰”‘™ƒ„‘˜‡–Š‡•‘‹Ž ./(%)*8&+2$+)/#*)'$P%5"'(.Q; •—ˆƒ ‡ǡ–‘–Š‡ƒ‹ƒŽ•–Šƒ–Šƒ”˜‡•–Š‡ƒ† › Ž‡ –Š‡—–”‹‡–•„ƒ ‹–‘–Š‡•‘‹Žǡ–Š‹•„‹‘†‹˜‡”•‹–› Š‡ ‘”‡ ‘’‡–‡ ›‘ˆ ‘Ž‹•–‹ ƒƒ‰‡‡– „”‹‰••–”‡‰–Šƒ†„ƒŽƒ ‡–‘ƒ‡˜‹”‘‡–Ǥ ˆ ‹•–Š‡‡ ‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽŽ›”‡‰‡‡”ƒ–‹˜‡ǡ‡ ‘‘‹ ƒŽŽ› ›‘—†‘ƒ‰‘‘†Œ‘„ƒƒ‰‹‰›‘—”Žƒ†”‡•‘—” ‡•ǡ ˜‹ƒ„Ž‡ǡƒ†•‘ ‹ƒŽŽ›•‘—†ƒƒ‰‡‡–‘ˆ–Š‡ ›‘—„—‹Ž†ƒ†•—•–ƒ‹†‹˜‡”•‡’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘•‘ˆ ™‘”Ž†ǯ•‰”ƒ••Žƒ†•ǡ”ƒ‰‡Žƒ†•ǡƒ†•ƒ˜ƒƒ•Ǥ Ž‹˜‹‰–Š‹‰•ƒ†‡Šƒ ‡–Š‡‡˜‹”‘‡––Šƒ– Š‡•‡‡˜‹”‘‡–• ‘’”‹•‡–™‘–Š‹”†•‘ˆ–Š‡ .#./)&+.$#.$)''; ’Žƒ‡–ǯ••—”ˆƒ ‡ƒ”‡ƒǤŠ‡‹”†‡‰”ƒ†ƒ–‹‘Šƒ•„‡‡ ‘‰‘‹‰•‹ ‡–Š‡Ƥ”•–Š‘‹‹†•†‹• ‘˜‡”‡† ‘Ž‹•–‹ ƒƒ‰‡‡–ǡ•‹’Ž›’—–ǡŠ‡Ž’•—•ƒ‡ –Š‡–‘‘Ž‘ˆƤ”‡ǡƒ†Šƒ•ƒ ‡Ž‡”ƒ–‡†‹ ‘ ‡”– „‡––‡”ǡ‘”‡‹ˆ‘”‡††‡ ‹•‹‘•–Šƒ–„ƒŽƒ ‡ ™‹–Š–Š‡‡š’ƒ•‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡Š—ƒ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ –Š‡•‘ ‹ƒŽƒ†‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ•Ƥƒ ‹ƒŽ ȋ™‹–Š‹–•ƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‡†‡”ƒ†‹ ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‘•–‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘•‹†‡”ƒ–‹‘•ǡ™Š‹Ž‡Ž‡ƒ†‹‰—•‹–Š‡†‹”‡ –‹‘ ™‘”Ž†ǯ•‰”ƒœ‹‰ƒ†„”‘™•‹‰‡‰ƒˆƒ—ƒǡ–Š‡ ™‡™ƒ–‘—”Ž‹˜‡•–‘–ƒ‡Ǥ •—„•‡“—‡–”‡’Žƒ ‡‡–™‹–Šˆ‡™‡”—„‡”•‘ˆ ‘”‡•‡†‡–ƒ”›ǡ†‘‡•–‹ ƒ–‡†Ž‹˜‡•–‘ ǡƒ†•‘‹Ž †‡‰”ƒ†‹‰ ”‘’’‹‰’”ƒ –‹ ‡•ȌǤŠ‹•†‡‰”ƒ†ƒ–‹‘ &!-(&$)-(5"/(!"#$%&$'(( ‹• Šƒ”ƒ –‡”‹œ‡†„›ƒŽ‘••‘ˆ•‘‹Ž ‘˜‡”ȋ ‘’”‹•‡† )*+*,-)-+& ‘ˆ„‘–ŠŽ‹˜‹‰’Žƒ–•ƒ††‡ ƒ›‹‰’Žƒ–Ž‹––‡”Ȍǡ ™Š‹ ŠŽ‡ƒ†•–‘Ž‡••‡ơ‡ –‹˜‡™ƒ–‡”ƒ†‹‡”ƒŽȀ A new approach is needed to address —–”‹‡– › Ž‹‰ǡ’‘‘”‡”•‘Žƒ”‡‡”‰›ƪ‘™ǡƒ† and reverse the most pressing global issues ”‡†— ‡†„‹‘†‹˜‡”•‹–›ǤŠ‹•ƒŽŽŽ‡ƒ†•–‘–Š‡Ž‘•• currently facing humanity and all life. ‘ˆ’”‡˜‹‘—•Ž›•‡“—‡•–‡”‡†•‘‹Ž ƒ”„‘ȋƒƒŒ‘” •‘—” ‡‘ˆ‘—”‡š‹•–‹‰ƒ–‘•’Š‡”‹ ͞Ž‘ƒ†Ȍǡ ‡‡’’ƒ”ƒ†‹‰•Š‹ˆ–•Šƒ˜‡‰”‡ƒ–†‹ƥ —Ž–›–ƒ‹‰ •‡˜‡”‡Ž›†‡‰”ƒ†‡†Žƒ†‘”†‡•‡”–•ǡƒ†–Š‡Ž‘••‘ˆ 5"'8$#+'(..$/5(*($(:&./.$)$.&3#'/)+("#.$+((8;$ ˆ‘‘†’”‘†— –‹‘ ƒ’ƒ ‹–›Ǥ Š‹•‡‡†Šƒ•ƒ‹ˆ‡•–‡†‹–•‡Žˆ‹–Š‡ˆ‘” ‘ˆ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ Ž‹ƒ–‡ Šƒ‰‡ǡˆƒ‹Ž‡†ƒ‰”‹ —Ž–—”‡ǡ ˆ–‡”‡ƒ”Ž›Ƥˆ–››‡ƒ”•‘ˆ’”ƒ –‹ ‡ǡ™‡‘™Šƒ˜‡ ‹ ”‡ƒ•‡††”ƒ—‰Š–•ƒ†ƪ‘‘†‡˜‡–•ǡ ƒ–ƒ•–”‘’Š‹  •— ‡••ˆ—Ž ‘Ž‹•–‹ ƒƒ‰‡‡–’”ƒ –‹–‹‘‡”• ”ƒ–‡•‘ˆ•‘‹Ž‡”‘•‹‘ǡŠ—‰‡”ƒ†’‘˜‡”–›ǡ •’”‡ƒ†ƒ ”‘••–Š‡‰Ž‘„‡ǡˆ”‘ƒƒ†ƒ–‘–Š‡–‹’ ƒ‘‰‘–Š‡”•ǡ ‘„‹‡†™‹–Š–Š‡„”‘ƒ†‡‹‰ ‘ˆƒ–ƒ‰‘‹ƒǡƒ†ˆ”‘‹„ƒ„™‡–‘—•–”ƒŽ‹ƒ–‘ ”‡ ‘‰‹–‹‘–Šƒ–‘—”‡ ‘‘‹ ‘†‡Ž•ǡ„ƒ•‡† 1"+/)+); ‘–Š‡ƪƒ™‡†’”‡•—’–‹‘‘ˆ‹Ƥ‹–‡‰”‘™–Š ‹ƒ™‘”Ž†‘ˆƤ‹–‡”‡•‘—” ‡•ǡ‹•‹Š‡”‡–Ž› #+.#./)&+)9'(;

HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 1 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 5 ƒ•—‹–•‘ˆƒƒ‰‡‡–ǡ™‹ŽŽ‡ ‡••ƒ”‹Ž›„‡ •ƒŽŽƒ†Š‹‰ŠŽ›†‹˜‡”•‡ǤŠ‡†‡ ‹•‹‘ƒ‹‰ ˆ”ƒ‡™‘”‘ˆ ‘Ž‹•–‹ ƒƒ‰‡‡–Šƒ•ƒ ‡••‡–‹ƒŽ”‘Ž‡–‘’Žƒ›‹–Š‡‡˜‘Ž—–‹‘ƒ† ƒƒ‰‡‡–‘ˆ–Š‡•‡‘†‡Ž•‹–Š‡•‡–›’‡•‘ˆ ‡˜‹”‘‡–•ǡƒ†ƒ›‘–Š‡”•ƒ”‡™‘”‹‰‘ ƒ††‡˜‡Ž‘’‹‰–Š‡’”ƒ –‹ ƒŽ‘™ǦŠ‘™ǡ‹•‹‰Š–•ǡ )+8$B*"8#0/&"+$3"8('.$/5)/$%&''$9($)8)B/(8$&+$ –Š‡•‡‘”‡Š—‹†‡˜‹”‘‡–•Ǥ -"'&./&0$1)+)2(3(+/$B*)0/&/&"+(*.$)*($3"*($ ˜‡”•‡†‹–Š‡‘–Š‡”–™‘–Š‹”†•‘ˆ–Š‡™‘”Ž†Ȅ–Š‡ ‰”ƒ••Žƒ†•ǡ”ƒ‰‡Žƒ†•ǡƒ†•ƒ˜ƒƒ•ǤŠ‡•‡ƒ”‡ ‡˜‹”‘‡–•–Šƒ– ‘Ǧ‡˜‘Ž˜‡†‹–Š‡’”‡•‡ ‡ ‘ˆŽƒ”‰‡‰”ƒœ‹‰Š‡”„‹˜‘”‡•ǡ‹ ‘Œ— –‹‘ Š‡ ”‡‡‡˜‘Ž—–‹‘ǡ„ƒ•‡†‘Š‹‰Š‹’—–ǡ ™‹–Š–Š‡‹”’ƒ ǦŠ—–‹‰’”‡†ƒ–‘”•ǡƒ†–Š‡› ‹†—•–”‹ƒŽƒ‰”‹ —Ž–—”‡ȋƒ••‹˜‡‹’—–•‘ˆ’‡–”‘Ǧ ƒ”‡ Šƒ”ƒ –‡”‹œ‡†„›•‡ƒ•‘ƒŽ‘”‡””ƒ–‹ ”ƒ‹ˆƒŽŽǡ Š‡‹ ƒŽ•ƒ†Š‡”„‹ ‹†‡•ǡ‘‘ —Ž–—”‡ ”‘’’‹‰ǡ ƒ†‡š–‡†‡†’‡”‹‘†•‘ˆ–Š‡›‡ƒ”™‹–Š˜‡”›Ž‘™ ƒ† ‘Ƥ‡‡–ƒ‹ƒŽˆ‡‡†‹‰‘’‡”ƒ–‹‘•ȌǡŠƒ• ƒ–‘•’Š‡”‹ ƒ†•‘‹ŽŠ—‹†‹–›ǤŠ‡’”‡•‡ ‡ ‹ ”‡ƒ•‡†‰Ž‘„ƒŽˆ‘‘†’”‘†— –‹‘–”‡‡†‘—•Ž›ǡ ‘ˆ–Š‡•‡Žƒ”‰‡Š‡”„‹˜‘”‡•ǡ‹–‡”ƒ –‹‰™‹–Š–Š‡‹” „—–Šƒ•–‡†‡†–‘•‡˜‡”‡Ž›†‡‰”ƒ†‡‹–•‡ ‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ Žƒ†• ƒ’‡•–Š‡™ƒ›ƒ–—”‡‹–‡†‡†ǡ‹• ”‹–‹ ƒŽǤ )+8$."0&"R0#'/#*)'$0)B&/)'$9).($&+$/5($B*"0(..;$ ‹ƒ–Š‡•‹ŽŽˆ—Ž’”ƒ –‹ ‡‘ˆŠ‘Ž‹•–‹ ’Žƒ‡† Š‡ ”‡‡‡˜‘Ž—–‹‘Šƒ•‘–„‡‡ Šƒ”ƒ –‡”‹œ‡† ‰”ƒœ‹‰ǡ™‡ ƒ‡ơ‡ –‹˜‡Ž›‹‹ –Š‹•„‡Šƒ˜‹‘”ǡ „›‡ ‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ‘”•‘ ‹ƒŽ‹–‡‰”‹–›Ȅ“—‹–‡–Š‡ ”‡˜‡”•‹‰Žƒ††‡‰”ƒ†ƒ–‹‘ǡƒ†‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‰•‘Žƒ”Ǧ ‘–”ƒ”›Ǥ ‘””‹Ƥ •‘‹Ž‡”‘•‹‘ǡ†‡ƒ†œ‘‡•ƒ– „ƒ•‡†’”‘Ƥ–‹–Š‡’”‘ ‡••Ǥ –Š‡‘—–Š•‘ˆ”‹˜‡”•ǡ•‡˜‡”‡Ž›†‡’Ž‡–‡†Ž‡˜‡Ž•‘ˆ „‹‘†‹˜‡”•‹–›ǡ‹’‘˜‡”‹•Š‡†”—”ƒŽ ‘—‹–‹‡•ǡ Š‡‹’Ž‹ ƒ–‹‘•‘ˆ–ƒ‹‰–Š‹•ƒƒ‰‡‡– •‘‹Žˆ‡”–‹Ž‹–›Ž‘••ǡƒ†‘š‹†ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ•‘‹Ž‘”‰ƒ‹  ƒ’’”‘ƒ Š–‘• ƒŽ‡ƒ”‡ƒ••‹˜‡ǤŽ‹‰Š–‹ ”‡ƒ•‡•‹ ƒ––‡”Šƒ˜‡„‡‡‡šƒ ‡”„ƒ–‡†„›–Š‡ ”‡‡ •‘‹Ž‘”‰ƒ‹ ƒ––‡”ǡ‘˜‡”–Š‡•‡Š—‰‡‡š–‡•‹‘• ‡˜‘Ž—–‹‘Ǥ ‘ˆ–Š‡‡ƒ”–Šǯ•Žƒ†•—”ˆƒ ‡ƒ”‡ƒǡ™‹ŽŽ”‡•—Ž–‹–Š‡ ’‡”ƒ‡–ǡ•ƒˆ‡ǡƒ†ƒ–—”ƒŽ•‡“—‡•–”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ Š‡‰‘‘†‡™•‹•–Šƒ––Š‹• ƒƒŽŽ„‡”‡˜‡”•‡†ǡ ƒ›‰‹‰ƒ–‘•‘ˆ ƒ”„‘Ǥ ‡ơ‡ –ǡ™‡™‘—Ž† )+8$/5&.$&.$/5($/).M$&+$%5&05$-"'&./&0$ „‡’—––‹‰ƒ••‡•‘ˆ ƒ”„‘„ƒ ™Š‡”‡‹– ƒƒ‰‡‡–’”ƒ –‹–‹‘‡”•Šƒ˜‡„‡‡‡‰ƒ‰‡†$ „‡Ž‘‰•Ȅ‹–Š‡•‘‹ŽȄƒ†‘”‡‹’‘”–ƒ–Ž›ǡ ˆ‘”–Š‡’ƒ•–͜͠›‡ƒ”•Ǥ‡’‘•‹––Š‡‡ ‡••‹–›‘ˆƒ %5(*($&/$0)+$)0/#)''6$8"$."3($2""8;$E*2)+&0)''6$ ‡™Dz‡˜‘Ž—–‹‘dzȋƒ›„‡ƒ”‘™‡˜‘Ž—–‹‘Ȍǡ ”‹ Š•‘‹Ž•ˆ‡‡†•‘‹Ž„ƒ –‡”‹ƒǡ’”‘–‘œ‘ƒ•ǡƒ† „ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡”‡‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ ‘˜‡”‡†ǡ‘”‰ƒ‹ ƒŽŽ› ˆ—‰‹ǡƒ –‹˜‡’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘•‘ˆ™Š‹ ŠŽ‡ƒ†–‘‡˜‡” ”‹ Šǡ„‹‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽŽ›–Š”‹˜‹‰•‘‹Žǡƒ†„”‘—‰Š––‘ ˆ”—‹–‹‘˜‹ƒ‹ŽŽ‹‘•‘ˆŠ—ƒ„‡‹‰•”‡–—”‹‰ –‘–Š‡Žƒ†ƒ†–Š‡’”‘†— –‹‘‘ˆˆ‘‘†Ǥ

Š‡‘”‡Š—‹†Ȁ„‹‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽŽ›’”‘†— –‹˜‡”‡‰‹‘• ‘ˆ–Š‡™‘”Ž†™‹ŽŽŠƒ˜‡–‘†‡˜‡Ž‘’ƒ‰”‹ —Ž–—”ƒŽ ‘†‡Ž•„ƒ•‡†‘•ƒŽŽǡ„‹‘†‹˜‡”•‡ˆƒ”•ǡ ‹‹–ƒ–‹‰–Š‡ƒ–—”ƒŽǡ—Ž–‹Ǧ–‹‡”‡†˜‡‰‡–ƒ–‹‘ •–”— –—”‡•‘ˆ–Š‡•‡‡˜‹”‘‡–•ǤŠ‹•‹•™Š‡”‡ ‘•–‘ˆ–Š‡‰”ƒ‹ǡˆ”—‹–•ǡ—–•ǡƒ†˜‡‰‡–ƒ„Ž‡• ™‹ŽŽ„‡’”‘†— ‡†ǡƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ•‘•–‘ˆ–Š‡†ƒ‹”› ’”‘†— –•ǡƒ†•‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡‡ƒ–Ǥƒ•‡†‘–Š‡ ’”‡‹•‡‘ˆ‡ ‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ‹–‡‰”‹–›ǡ–Š‡•‡ˆƒ”•ǡ

6 HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 1 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 ‰”‡ƒ–‡”’Žƒ–Ǧƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡—–”‹‡–•ƒ†Ž‡••ƒ† ™ƒ•–‡ƒ –—ƒŽŽ›„‡ ‘‡•ƒƒ••‡–Ȍǡ‹’—– ‘•–• Ž‡••†‡’‡†‡ ‡‘‘—–•‹†‡ˆ‡”–‹Ž‹œ‡”‹’—–•Ǥ ƒ”‡†”ƒƒ–‹ ƒŽŽ›”‡†— ‡†ǡƒ‹ƒŽ•–‡†–‘„‡ J"&'.$/5)/$)*($5&25$&+$"*2)+&0$3)//(*$)'."$ Š‡ƒŽ–Š‹‡”ƒ†‘”‡’”‘†— –‹˜‡ǡƒ†ƒ––”ƒ –‹˜‡ ’‘••‡••‰”‡ƒ–‡”™ƒ–‡”Š‘Ž†‹‰ ƒ’ƒ ‹–›ǡ–Š‡”‡„› ’”‘Ƥ–•ȋ„ƒ•‡†‘‡ ‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ‹–‡‰”‹–›ǡ‘”–”—‡ &+0*().&+2$8*"#25/$*(.&'&(+0($)+8$*(2(+(*)/&+2$ ™‡ƒŽ–Šǡ†‡”‹˜‡††‹”‡ –Ž›ˆ”‘–Š‡•—Ȍƒ”‡–Š‡ ƒ“—‹ˆ‡”ƒ†‰”‘—†™ƒ–‡””‡•‡”˜‡• ”‹–‹ ƒŽˆ‘” ”‡•—Ž–Ǥˆ ‘—”•‡ǡ™‡ƒŽ•‘ƒ”‡’”‘†— ‹‰—–”‹‡–Ǧ 0&/&(.$)+8$0"33#+&/&(.$/5*"#25"#/$/5($2'"9(; †‡•‡ǡ’ƒ•–—”‡Ǧ’”‘†— ‡†’”‘–‡‹Ȅ‡šƒ –Ž› –Š‡’”‘ ‡••‘ˆ†‘‹‰–Š‹•Ȅ‹‡ơ‡ –ǡ‹‹ ‹‰ ™Šƒ–‘—”ƒŽ‡‘Ž‹–Š‹ ǡŠ—–‡”Ȁ‰ƒ–Š‡”‡”Ǧ‡˜‘Ž˜‡† ƒ–—”‡Ȅ–Š‡”‡‹•‘ ”‡ƒ–‹‘‘ˆDz™ƒ•–‡dzȋ–Š‡ B56.&"'"26$&.$8(.&2+(8$/"$0"+.#3(;

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Typical Decision-Making Approach Holistic Management® Decision-Making Approach

You look at the whole that you are responsible for You create and write missions, visions, goals, managing–people, resources, money

strategies, policies, or objectives È

È You develop a holisticgoal based on what those in the whole value and want to create Take a look at the tools you have available to È manage your resources You consider ecosystem processes in your decision È È You create missions, visions, goals, strategies, policies, &RQVLGHURQHRUPRUHIDFWRUVWKDWLQÁXFHQFH\RX and objectives in line with your holisticgoal (experience, data, peer pressure, cost, etc.) È

È Make sure to consider all tools you have available to manage your resources È Make a decision and assume you’re correct &RQVLGHURQHRUPRUHIDFWRUVWKDWLQÁXFHQFH\RX È (experience, data, peer pressure, cost, etc.) È

React when things don’t go the way Apply 7 tests that make sure the decision(s) you assumed you’re making are sound and lead you toward your holisticgoal È

Make a decision and consider the unintended consequences that can arise within complex living systems* È

Monitor your decisions/plans for the earliest signs of change using a feedback loop: plan, monitor, control (take action), replan (if necessary)

*It is particularly important when working with the land to recognize the complexity of our ecosystem. To be safe, assume your decision is wrong and determine the earliest indicators to monitor.

The first 4 Principles of Holistic Management underpin all steps in the decision-making process

HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 1 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 7 Š‡Ƥ”•–͠’”‹ ‹’Ž‡•ƒ”‡”‡’”‡•‡–‡†„›ŽŽƒ ƒ˜‘”›̽•͠‡›‹•‹‰Š–•Ǥ "Individual parts do not exist in nature, only wholes, and these form and shape each other." 9:(./$+'$.#-%(-8.#*$+-0 ALLAN SAVORY, Holistic Management

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8 HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 1 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 ;/$&&#-+-%%(%'*#-

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

According to the brittleness scale, a rainforest would be a 1 and a desert would be a 10.

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HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 1 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 9 NON- MID-RANGE HIGHLY BRITTLE BRITTLE BRITTLE W W Y HIGH

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Think about where you live—the amount of rainfall you get, the level of humidity in the air, and how it is distributed throughout the year. Think about how long it takes vegetation to break down. For example, when you look around do you see moss growing on brick buildings, recently fallen logs already partially decayed, living organisms moving about on the soil surface, etc.? All of these are signs of a non-brittle environment. On the other hand, perhaps you see tall stands of dead gray-colored grass, logs that have been O\LQJLQWKHVDPHSODFHIRU\HDUVEXWKDYHQRWFKDQJHGVLJQLÀFDQWO\LQDSSHDUDQFHRQO\WZRRU three types of plants with large areas of bare ground, etc. These observations indicate a brittle environment. Based on the brittleness scale, would you say you live in a non-brittle(2-3), moderately brittle (4-6) or very brittle (7-9) environment? Remember, the extremes are: 1-Rainforest and 10–True Desert.

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Overgrazing of plants and damage from trampling had less to do with the number of animals on the land, and more to do with the amount of Hereford herd managed using Voisin's principles in time the plants and soils were being non-brittle tending Pampas of Argentina. exposed to animals.

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Š‡’‡‘’Ž‡–Š‹‘ˆ–‘‘Ž•–Š‡›—•—ƒŽŽ›–Š‹‘ˆ ƒŽŽ–Š‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡•ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡–‘—••— Šƒ•ˆƒ” ‡“—‹’‡–ǡ‹””‹‰ƒ–‹‘ǡ ‘’—–‡”•ǡ‡– Ǥ—–™‹–Š ‘Ž‹•–‹ ƒƒ‰‡‡–™Š‡™‡”‡ˆ‡”–‘–‘‘Ž•™‡ ‡ƒ–Š‡‡‹‰Š– ƒ–‡‰‘”‹‡•‘ˆ–‘‘Ž•ƒ–‘—”†‹•’‘•ƒŽǤ Bare Soil is our #1 enemy.

HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 1 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 13 Š‡ƒƒ‰‹‰–Š‡‡˜‹”‘‡–›‘—™‹ŽŽ—•‡ ./$+'$.#-(+$+- –Š‡–‘‘Ž•‘ˆ —ƒ”‡ƒ–‹˜‹–›ƒ†‘‡›Ȁƒ„‘” –Š”‘—‰Š‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡‘–Š‡”–‘‘Ž•–‘‘†‹ˆ›–Š‡ ‡•–‘—”‡ ‹•‹‘• (0".6./(3$B*"0(..(.; –‡’ ‹˜‡ǣ•‹‰Š‡‡˜‡‡•–‹‰—‡•–‹‘•

‘”ƒ››‡ƒ”•ǡ’‡‘’Ž‡Šƒ˜‡‘–”‡ ‘‰‹œ‡† Š‡‡š–•–‡’ƒ††‡†‹–Š‡ ‘Ž‹•–‹ ƒƒ‰‡‡–͂$ ”ƒœ‹‰ƒ†‹ƒŽ ’ƒ –ƒ•–‘‘Ž•–Šƒ– ˆ”ƒ‡™‘”‡Šƒ ‡•‘—”†‡ ‹•‹‘ƒ‹‰ •‹‰‹Ƥ ƒ–Ž›‹ƪ—‡ ‡–Š‡Š‡ƒŽ–Š‘ˆ–Š‡ „›’”‘˜‹†‹‰ƒƤŽ–‡”‘”ƒ•‹‡˜‡–‘™‡‡†‘—– ‡ ‘•›•–‡‘”Šƒ˜‡‘Ž›•‡‡–Š‘•‡–‘‘Ž•‹ƒ ‡š–”ƒ‡‘—•‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘•‘›‘— ƒˆ‘ —•‘‡› ‡‰ƒ–‹˜‡Ž‹‰Š–Ǥ ‘Ž‹•–‹ ƒƒ‰‡‡–‡ ‘—”ƒ‰‡• ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘Ȅƒ’ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ”Ž›Š‡Ž’ˆ—Ž–‘‘Ž™Š‡ 6"#$/"$0"+.&8(*$)''$/5(.($/""'.$).$6"#$%"*M$/"$ .&/#)/&"+.$)*($0"3B'(:; ‘˜‡–‘™ƒ”†–Š‡Ž‹ˆ‡›‘—™ƒ–ƒ•›‘—Šƒ˜‡ 8(.0*&9(8$&/$&+$6"#*$5"'&./&02")';  ‡›‘—Šƒ˜‡ ‘•‹†‡”‡†ƒ†‡ ‹•‹‘‘”ƒ –‹‘ –Š‘”‘—‰ŠŽ›ƒ†ƒ”‡”‡ƒ†›–‘‘˜‡ˆ‘”™ƒ”†™‹–Š ‹–ǡ›‘—ƒ••‡˜‡–‡•–‹‰“—‡•–‹‘•ƒ•–Š‡›ƒ’’Ž› –‘–Š‡ƒ –‹‘ȋ•Ȍ›‘—̽”‡ ‘•‹†‡”‹‰ǤŠ‡•‡•‡˜‡ &""#%(5"/()*+*,$+, –‡•–‹‰“—‡•–‹‘•ǡ„›”‡Žƒ–‹‰–Š‡ƒ –‹‘–‘–Š‡ 2"3/(/-%"3/'-% Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽǡŠ‘‡‹‘‡› ‘ ‡”•ƒ†Š‡Ž’ ‡•—”‡–Šƒ–›‘—”†‡ ‹•‹‘Ȁƒ –‹‘‹• •‹—Ž–ƒ‡‘—•Ž›•‘ ‹ƒŽŽ›ǡ‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽŽ›ƒ† Ƥƒ ‹ƒŽŽ›•‘—†ƒ†–Šƒ–‹–‘˜‡•›‘—–‘™ƒ”† 6"#*$5"'&./&02")';

Money/Labor Human Creativity ./$+'$.#-(&-+

‘‹–‘”ˆ‘”‡•—Ž–• –‡’‹šǣ‡‡’‹‰‘–Š‡‹‰Š–”ƒ ‹–Š–Š‡ ‡‡†„ƒ ‘‘’

ˆ–‡”‰ƒ–Š‡”‹‰ƒŽŽ–Š‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ǡ ‘•‹†‡”‹‰ Grazing Animal Impact ƒ—„‡”‘ˆˆƒ –‘”•ǡƒ†–‡•–‹‰‡ƒ Šƒ –‹‘ –‘™ƒ”†›‘—”Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽǡ›‘— ƒƒ‡ƒ‡˜‡ 9(//(*$8(0&.&"+$96$0*()/&+2$."3($3"+&/"*&+2 ”‹–‡”‹ƒ–Šƒ–™‹ŽŽ‰‹˜‡›‘—–Š‡‡ƒ”Ž‹‡•–‹†‹ ƒ–‘” ‘ˆ›‘—”’Žƒ‰‘‹‰‘ơ–”ƒ Ǥ‘—†‘–Š‹•„› ‘•‹†‡”‹‰ƒ›—‹–‡†‡† ‘•‡“—‡ ‡•–Šƒ– ƒ›ƒ”‹•‡ˆ”‘›‘—”ƒ –‹‘•ǡ”‡ ‘‰‹œ‹‰–Š‡ Fire Rest ‘’Ž‡š‹–›‘ˆƒŽŽŽ‹˜‹‰•›•–‡•Ǥ

ˆ›‘—ƒ”‡†‡ ‹†‹‰‘™Š‹ Šƒ –‹‘–‘–ƒ‡ ‘ƒ’‹‡ ‡‘ˆŽƒ†ȋˆ‘”‡šƒ’Ž‡ƒ††”‡••‹‰ƒ ’”‘„Ž‡•’‡ ‹‡•Ȍǡ‹–‹•‡˜‡‘”‡ ”‹–‹ ƒŽ–‘

The word plan is actually a 24-letter Living Organisms Technology word: plan-monitor-control-replan

14 HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 1 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 •–—†›‰—‹†‡Ǥ•›‘—Ž‡ƒ”‘”‡ƒ„‘—––Š‡ˆ‘—” 5--0;*'1(#"". ‡ ‘•›•–‡’”‘ ‡••‡•ƒ†Š‘™–Š‡—•‡‘ˆ–Š‡–‘‘Ž•

ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡–‘›‘—ƒơ‡ ––Š‘•‡‡ ‘•›•–‡’”‘ ‡••‡•ǡ © 1. Plan ›‘—™‹ŽŽŠƒ˜‡‰”‡ƒ–‡” ‘Ƥ†‡ ‡ƒ†•— ‡••‹ (assume wrong) 3)+)2&+2$6"#*$')+8; © Š‡’”‹ ‹’Ž‡•ƒ†’”ƒ –‹ ‡•›‘—ǯ˜‡Œ—•–Ž‡ƒ”‡† Šƒ˜‡‡ƒ„Ž‡†–Š‘—•ƒ†•‘ˆŽƒ†ƒƒ‰‡”•–‘ 4. Replan 2. Monitor ‘”‡‡ơ‡ –‹˜‡Ž›ƒƒ‰‡–Š‡‹””‡•‘—” ‡•ǤŠ‡”‡ –Š‘•‡ƒƒ‰‡”•™‡”‡‘ ‡ˆ”—•–”ƒ–‡†„›–Š‡‹”

© •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ǡ„Žƒ‹‰–Š‡‰‘˜‡”‡–‘”™‡ƒ–Š‡”‘” –Š‡ƒ”‡–•ˆ‘”–Š‡‹”’”‡†‹ ƒ‡–ƒ†–Š‡Žƒ†ǯ• 3. Control © †‡‰”ƒ†ƒ–‹‘ǡ–Š‡›‘™Šƒ˜‡Š‘’‡ƒ†ƒ•‡•‡‘ˆ ‘’–‹‹•ƒ„‘—––Š‡ˆ—–—”‡ǤŠ‡›Šƒ˜‡Ž‡ƒ”‡† /5(6$0)+$3)+)2($5"'&./&0)''6$)+8$/5(6$0)+$3)M($ ƒ’‘•‹–‹˜‡†‹ơ‡”‡ ‡‘–Š‡Žƒ†ƒ†‹–Š‡‹” †‡˜‡Ž‘’‘‹–‘”‹‰ ”‹–‡”‹ƒ„‡ ƒ—•‡‘ˆƒ–—”‡ǯ• ˆƒ‹Ž‹‡•ƒ† ‘—‹–‹‡•ˆ‘”‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘•$ ‘’Ž‡š‹–›Ǥ ˆƒ –ǡ•‘‡’‡‘’Ž‡•—‰‰‡•–‹–‹•„‡•– /"$0"3(; –‘Œ—•–ƒ••—‡›‘—̽”‡™”‘‰ƒ†‘‹–‘”–Š‘•‡ ”‹–‡”‹ƒ Ž‘•‡Ž›ˆ‘”–Š‡Ƥ”•–•‹‰•–Šƒ–›‘—”’Žƒ‹• ‘”Ž‡ƒ”‹‰‘’’‘”–—‹–‹‡•ǡ’Ž‡ƒ•‡˜‹•‹––Š‡ƒ˜‘”› ‘ơ–”ƒ Ǥ N+./&/#/($%(9.&/($)/$™™™Ǥƒ˜‘”› •–‹–—–‡Ǥ ‘;

ˆ›‘—Ƥ†›‘—̽”‡Š‡ƒ†‡†•‘‡’Žƒ ‡›‘—†‹†̽– ™ƒ––‘‰‘ǡ›‘— ƒ‡‹–Š‡”ƒ†Œ—•–›‘—”’Žƒ‘”$ ”‡Ǧ’Žƒ‡–‹”‡Ž›Ǥ‘—̽”‡‘–‘‹–‘”‹‰–‘•‡‡ ™Šƒ–Šƒ’’‡•Ǣ›‘—ƒ”‡‘‹–‘”‹‰–‘ƒ‡ 5)BB(+$%5)/$6"#$%)+/$/"$5)BB(+,$/"$9*&+2$)9"#/$ 05)+2(.$&+$'&+($%&/5$6"#*$5"'&./&02")';$N+$/5&.$ ”‡‰ƒ”†ǡ–Š‡™‘”†’Žƒ‹•ƒ –—ƒŽŽ›ƒ͞͠ǦŽ‡––‡”™‘”†ǣ$ ’ŽƒǦ ‘–”‘ŽǦ‘‹–‘”Ǧ”‡’Žƒǡ™‹–Š’‘•‹–‹˜‡ ƒ –‹‘ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰‡ƒ Š•–‡’Ǥ

+-8&(%&-.%

‡‘ˆ–Š‡‹’‘”–ƒ––Š‹‰•–‘†‘ƒ––Š‹•’‘‹– ‹•–‘†‹‰‡•––Š‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘›‘—̽˜‡Œ—•–Ž‡ƒ”‡†Ǥ ‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘ ‡’–•ƒ”‡ˆƒ‹Ž‹ƒ”ǡƒ†’‡”Šƒ’• ‘–Š‡”•ƒ”‡”ƒ†‹ ƒŽŽ›†‹ơ‡”‡–ˆ”‘™Šƒ–›‘—̽˜‡ Ž‡ƒ”‡†‘”–Š‘—‰Š–ƒ„‘—–„‡ˆ‘”‡Ǥ‹–Š–Š‹•„”‹‡ˆ ‘˜‡”˜‹‡™‘ˆ ‘Ž‹•–‹ ƒƒ‰‡‡–ǡ›‘— ƒ‘™ „‡‰‹–‘’—–™Šƒ–›‘—ǯ˜‡Ž‡ƒ”‡†‹–‘’”ƒ –‹ ‡„› 0"+/&+#&+2$6"#*$'()*+&+2;

 ‡›‘—†‡Ƥ‡›‘—”™Š‘Ž‡—†‡”ƒƒ‰‡‡– ƒ† ”‡ƒ–‡›‘—”Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽǡ›‘— ƒ„‡‰‹ /(./&+2$8(0&.&"+.$)+8$3"+&/"*&+2$/5(3;$!"#T'' Ž‡ƒ”Š‘™–‘†‘–Š‹•‹–Š‡‡š–•‡ –‹‘‘ˆ–Š‹•

HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 1 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 15 !"#$%&$'()*+*,-)-+&.(/0*)-1"02

Statement of Purpose

1!"#-(6+3-0()*+*,-)-+& Decision Makers t Resource Base t Money

!"#$%&$',"*# Quality of Life t Forms of Production t Future Resource Base

-'"%7%&-)(50"'-%%-% Community Dynamics t Water Cycle t Mineral Cycle t Energy Flow

&""#%(/"0()*+*,$+,(-'"%7%&-)(50"'-%%-% Human Technology Rest Fire Grazing Animal Living Money & Creativity t[ t t t t Impact t Organisms ]t Labor &-%&$+,(86-%&$"+% Cause t Weak Link t Marginal t Gross Profit t Energy/Money t Sustainability t Society & Effect (Social, Reaction Analysis Source & Use & Culture Biological, & Financial)

)*+*,)-+&(,6$3-#$+-% Learning t Organization t Marketing t Time t Stock t Cropping t Burning t Population & Practice & Leadership Density & Management Herd Effect

5#*++$+,(50"'-360-% Financial Planning t Land Planning t Grazing Planning

/--34*'2(#""5

PLAN ¬ ¬ (assume wrong)

REPLAN MONITOR CONTROL ¬ ¬

16 HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 1 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 !"#$%&$'()*+*,-)-+&(./*)-0"/1 2345678(9:(&78:();<=>34?   
  
 


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18 HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 1 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 1 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 19

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HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 2 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 21

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Other Whole Grower Other Whole

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    ǣ We exist as a part of a larger whole as well as others that overlap and interconnect with other wholes.

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26 HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 2 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 '/-*&$+,(*(!"#$%&$',"*# /"%)*8$%5&05$6"#$%&''$3)M($6"#*$8(0&.&"+.;$ 1)M&+2$8(0&.&"+.$0)+$9($05)''(+2&+2$)+8$ Šƒ–‹•‹–ǫ$ ‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽ ‘’Ž‡šǤ ƒ˜‹‰ƒ™”‹––‡Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽ‰‹˜‡•›‘— Ȉ —ƒŽ‹–›‘ˆŽ‹ˆ‡ )$2#&8($/"%)*8$%5&05$6"#$%&''$3)M($)+8$/(./$6"#*$ Ȉ ‘”•‘ˆ”‘†— –‹‘ †‡ ‹•‹‘•‡•—”‹‰–Šƒ–›‘—‘˜‡–‘™ƒ”†–Š‡Ž‹ˆ‡ Ȉ —–—”‡‡•‘—” ‡ƒ•‡ 6"#$%)+/; Š›‹•‹–‹’‘”–ƒ–ǫ$ ‹’Ž‹Ƥ‡•†‡ ‹•‹‘ƒ‹‰$ Š‡–Š”‡‡ ‘’‘‡–•‘ˆ–Š‡Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽ$)*(, „›ƒ –‹‰ƒ•ƒ™”‹––‡‰—‹†‡‘””‡ˆ‡”‡ ‡’‘‹– Ȉ Š‡“—ƒŽ‹–›‘ˆŽ‹ˆ‡›‘—™ƒ––‘Šƒ˜‡Ǣ –‘™Š‹ Š›‘— ƒ”‡ˆ‡”™Š‡ƒ‹‰†‡ ‹•‹‘•Ǥ Ȉ Š‡ˆ‘”•‘ˆ’”‘†— –‹‘–Šƒ–™‹ŽŽŠ‡Ž’›‘— ‹‡•™Šƒ–›‘—˜ƒŽ—‡ƒ†™Šƒ–›‘—’”‘†— ‡–‘–Š‡  ’”‘†— ‡‹–Ǣƒ† ‡˜‹”‘‡–Ǥ Ȉ †‡• ”‹’–‹‘‘ˆ›‘—”ˆ—–—”‡”‡•‘—” ‡„ƒ•‡ǡ‘”  ™Šƒ––Š‡ˆ—–—”‡—•–Ž‘‘Ž‹‡–‘•—’’‘”––Šƒ– ‘™–Šƒ–›‘—̽˜‡†‡Ƥ‡†›‘—”™Š‘Ž‡ǡ›‘—̽˜‡  “—ƒŽ‹–›‘ˆŽ‹ˆ‡ˆ‘”–Š‡ˆ—–—”‡‡˜‡„‡›‘†›‘—” –ƒ‡ƒ˜‡”›‹’‘”–ƒ–•–‡’‹–Š‡†‹”‡ –‹‘‘ˆ $ /&3(; ƒƒ‰‹‰›‘—””‡•‘—” ‡•Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ƒŽŽ›Ǥ –̽•Ž‹‡ Šƒ˜‹‰›‘—”†‡ ‹•‹‘ƒ‡”•ǡ”‡•‘—” ‡„ƒ•‡ ƒ Š‘ˆ–Š‡–Š”‡‡ ‘’‘‡–•„—‹Ž†‘‘‡ ƒ†‘‡›‹ƒ„‹‰”‘™„‘ƒ–Ȅ›‘—̽˜‡ƒ••‡„Ž‡† ƒ‘–Š‡”ǡ•‘‹–‹•‹’‘”–ƒ––‘ ‘•‹†‡”‡ƒ Š‹–Š‡ ƒŽŽ–Š‡‹’‘”–ƒ–’ƒ”–•‘ˆ›‘—”™Š‘Ž‡Ǥ ˆ‡˜‡”›‘‡ "*8(*$B*(.(+/(8;$N+$3"./$&+./)+0(.$6"#$%"#'8$ †‹’•–Š‡‹”‘ƒ”•‹–Š‡™ƒ–‡”ƒ†•–ƒ”–•”‘™‹‰ǡ ‘™„‡‰‹–‘†‡• ”‹„‡–Š‡“—ƒŽ‹–›‘ˆŽ‹ˆ‡›‘—™ƒ– 6"#$3&25/$(+8$#B$2"&+2$&+$/5($8&*(0/&"+$6"#$)''$ –‘ƒ Š‹‡˜‡Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ†‡’‡†‹‰‘–Š‡™Š‘Ž‡›‘— ™ƒ––‘‰‘Ǥ”ǡ›‘—‹‰Š–‡†—’‰‘‹‰‹ ‹” Ž‡• ƒ”‡ƒƒ‰‹‰ƒ†™Š›‹–™ƒ•ˆ‘”‡†ǡ›‘—ƒ› „‡ ƒ—•‡‡˜‡”›‘‡‹•’—ŽŽ‹‰–Š‡‹”‘ƒ”•‹‘’’‘•‹–‡ ‡‡†ƒ•–ƒ–‡‡–‘ˆ’—”’‘•‡Ǥ †‹”‡ –‹‘•Ǥ”ǡ™‘”•‡›‡–ǡ›‘—‹‰Š–ƒŽŽ‡†—’ ”‘™‹‰–‘‰‡–Š‡”ǡ„—–‹ƒ†‹”‡ –‹‘›‘—†‘̽–™ƒ– /"$2"; ”‡ƒ–‹‰ƒ–ƒ–‡‡–‘ˆ—”’‘•‡ Šƒ–‹•‹–ǫ$–ƒ–‡‡–‘ˆ—”’‘•‡,$75)/$%).$ !"#$)+8$/5($"/5(*$8(0&.&"+$3)M(*.$&+$6"#*$%5"'($ –Š‹•‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘‘”‡–‹–›ˆ‘”‡†–‘†‘ǫ „‡‰‹–‘ Šƒ”––Š‡†‹”‡ –‹‘›‘—™ƒ–›‘—”Ž‹˜‡• Š›‹•‹–‹’‘”–ƒ–ǫŽƒ”‹Ƥ‡•–Š‡’—”’‘•‡ –‘‰‘„›ˆ‘”‹‰ƒŠ‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽǤŽ–‹ƒ–‡Ž›ǡ›‘— ˆ‘”™Š‹ Š›‘—™‡”‡ˆ‘”‡†•‘™Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‹‰ ™‹ŽŽƤ†–Šƒ––Š‡”‡ƒŽ’‘™‡”‘ˆ–Š‹•ˆ”ƒ‡™‘”‹• ›‘—”Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽǡƒ–Ž‡ƒ•–‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡ˆ‘”•‘ˆ ˆ‘—†‹ ”‡ƒ–‹‰ƒ†—•‹‰›‘—”Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽ;$ ’”‘†— –‹‘™‹ŽŽ•’‡ ‹ˆ›™Šƒ–›‘—Šƒ˜‡–‘’”‘†— ‡ ‡‡’‹‰›‘—”™Š‘Ž‡‹‹†ǡ›‘—ƒ†–Š‡‘–Š‡” /"$(+.#*($/5)/$B#*B".($&.$3(/; 8(0&.&"+R3)M(*.$0)+$+"%$9(2&+$/"$0*()/($6"#*$ Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽȄ†‡• ”‹„‹‰–Š‡Ž‹ˆ‡›‘—™ƒ––‘Ž‹˜‡ Why Were We Formed? „ƒ•‡†‘™Šƒ–›‘—‘•–†‡‡’Ž›˜ƒŽ—‡Ǥ Š‹••–ƒ–‡‡–‹••’‡ ‹Ƥ ƒŽŽ›ˆ‘”‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘• B3*#$&2("5(#$5-(%&*&-)-+&%( ‘”‡–‹–‹‡•™‹–Š‹‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘•Ȅ†‡’ƒ”–‡–•ǡ †‹˜‹•‹‘•ǡ—‹–•ǡ‡– ǤȄ–Šƒ–™‡”‡ˆ‘”‡†ˆ‘”ƒ 5"/)%("5(./"03'&$"+( •’‡ ‹Ƥ ’—”’‘•‡Ǥȋ †‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•ǡˆƒ”ˆƒ‹Ž‹‡•ǡ‡– Ǥ 8"$+"/$+((8$/"$0*()/($)$•–ƒ–‡‡–‘ˆ’—”’‘•‡ǤȌ 53&3/-(/-%"3/'-(;*%- –ƒ•™‡”•–Š‡“—‡•–‹‘ǡ̾Šƒ–™‡”‡™‡ˆ‘”‡† –‘†‘ǫ̾Š‹••–ƒ–‡‡– Žƒ”‹Ƥ‡•–Š‡’—”’‘•‡ˆ‘” ™Š‹ Š–Š‡‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘ǡ†‡’ƒ”–‡–ǡ‘”—‹–™ƒ• Š‡–Š”‡‡Ǧ’ƒ”–Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽƒ••†‡ ‹•‹‘ƒ‡”• ˆ‘”‡†ƒ†”‡ ‘”†•‹–‹™”‹–‹‰–‘‡•—”‡–Šƒ– –‘†‡• ”‹„‡–Š‡Ž‹ˆ‡–Š‡›™ƒ––‘ƒ Š‹‡˜‡ǡ™Šƒ– –Š‡†‡ ‹•‹‘ƒ‡”•†‘̽–Ž‘•‡•‹‰Š–‘ˆ‹–™Š‡ –Š‡›—•–’”‘†— ‡–‘ ”‡ƒ–‡–Šƒ–Ž‹ˆ‡ǡƒ†™Šƒ– /5(6$)*($0*()/&+2$/5(&*$5"'&./&02")';$N/$(+.#*(.$ ‡‡†•–‘„‡‹’Žƒ ‡–‘•—•–ƒ‹‹–ˆƒ”‹–‘–Š‡ –Šƒ––Š‡Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽ•’‡ƒ•–‘–Š‡”‡ƒ•‘ˆ‘”–Š‡ ˆ—–—”‡ǤŠ‡Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽ‹•–Š‡̾ƒ‰‡–‹ ‘”–Š̾ (+/&/6T.$(:&./(+0($)+8$0)+$."3(/&3(.$9($#.(8$/"$

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30 HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 2 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 ”‘ƒ†ǤŠ‡•‡•‡˜‡–‡•–‹‰“—‡•–‹‘•Š‡Ž’—••‹ˆ– $)."/&*+&(,3$0-#$+-%(5"/( –Š”‘—‰Š–Š‡ƒ›ˆƒ –‘”•ƒ† ‘’Ž‡š˜ƒ”‹ƒ„Ž‡• '/-*&$+,(2"3/(!"#$%&$',"*# –‘–Š‡Š‡ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ––‡”Ȅ†‘‡•–Š‹•ƒ –‹‘‘” 8(0&.&"+$3((/$/5($–”‹’Ž‡„‘––‘Ž‹‡/"%)*8$ Write it down! It must be written. Writing it 6"#*$5"'&./&02")'Z  GRZQFRQÀUPVZKDW\RXZDQWDQGZKDW you need to do to create it. –‹•†‹ƥ —Ž–ˆ‘”—•–‘ƒ‡†‡ ‹•‹‘•–Šƒ– ‘•‹†‡”ƒŽŽ–Š”‡‡ƒ•’‡ –•ǡ–Š‡•‘ ‹ƒŽǡƤƒ ‹ƒŽ State only what you want, not how to get ƒ†‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽ$)''$/5($/&3(;$J"3($ it. The “how-to’s” need to be tested. By †‡ ‹•‹‘•ƒ›„‡‡ ‘‘‹ ƒŽŽ›•‘—†ǡ„—–ƒ”‡ stating what you want, you are more likely ‹’Ž‡‡–‡†ƒ––Š‡‡š’‡•‡‘ˆ–Š‡‡˜‹”‘‡– to avoid listing problems or issues in your ‘”–Š‡™‡ŽŽ„‡‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡’‡‘’Ž‡Ǥ–Š‡”•ƒ› holisticgoal. „‡‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽŽ›•‘—†ǡ„—–‡ ‘‘‹ ƒŽŽ› —ˆ‡ƒ•‹„Ž‡‘”Šƒ”ˆ—Ž–‘Š—ƒ™‡Žˆƒ”‡Ǥƒ›‘ˆ Start with quality of life, then list forms of ‘—”†‡ ‹•‹‘• ƒŠƒ˜‡—†‡•‹”ƒ„Ž‡‘”•‘‡–‹‡•  SURGXFWLRQDQGÀQLVKZLWKWKHIXWXUH ‡˜‡†‹•ƒ•–”‘—•”‡•—Ž–•„‡ ƒ—•‡™‡ƒ”‡—ƒ„Ž‡–‘ resource base. Each of the elements of the ‘•‹†‡”ƒ†ƒƒ‰‡ˆ‘”ƒŽŽ–Š”‡‡ƒ•’‡ –•ƒ† holisticgoal build on one another, so it's 0"+0(*+.; important that you don't skip ahead or eliminate any one of them. These seven testing questions help us sift through the many factors and Be open to all possibilities by avoiding any complex variables to the heart of the biases. If you predjudice certain actions matter—does this action or decision (We will only raise Beefmasters, No cows on meet the triple bottom line toward your the land, etc.), you have already limited holisticgoal? your creativity. Testing your decisions will help weed things out later on in the process. ‡––‹‰–ƒ”–‡†™‹–Š‡•–‹‰ ƒ•–Ƭ‹’Ž‡ All aspects of the holisticgoal are equal in importance so be careful not to quantify or Š‡•‡˜‡–‡•–‹‰“—‡•–‹‘•ǡ™Š‡ƒ•‡† qualify anything (i.e., We will take two ‹“—‹ •— ‡••‹‘ǡ™‹ŽŽ‡ƒ„Ž‡›‘—–‘•‡‡–Š‡ weeks of vacation). Ž‹‡Ž›‡ơ‡ –‘ˆ–Š‡†‡ ‹•‹‘‘–Š‡™Š‘Ž‡›‘—ƒ”‡ ƒƒ‰‹‰ǤŠ‡•‡–‡•–•ƒ”‡‘–—•‡†—–‹Ž›‘—  $V\RXZULWH\RXUKROLVWLFJRDO\RXPD\ÀQG Šƒ˜‡‡šŠƒ—•–‡†ƒŽŽ‘–Š‡”‡ƒ•ˆ‘”ƒ‹‰–Š‡ overlap between quality of life statements „‡•–†‡ ‹•‹‘•— Šƒ•”‡•‡ƒ” ŠǡŽ‡‰ƒŽ ‘ ‡”•ǡ and your forms of production. Be sure that ƒ•Šƪ‘™ǡ’‡‡”‹ƪ—‡ ‡ǡƒ†˜‹ ‡ˆ”‘ƒ˜ƒ”‹‡–› each quality of life statement is addressed ‘ˆ’‡‘’Ž‡ǡ’ƒ•–‡š’‡”‹‡ ‡ǡ‡˜‡‰—–‹•–‹ –ǤŽŽ by a form of production. Try testing some /5(.($0"+.&8(*)/&"+.$)*($&3B"*/)+/$)+8$.5"#'8$ decisions toward your holisticgoal and „‡’ƒ”–‘ˆ–Šƒ–‡ƒ”Ž›‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘‰ƒ–Š‡”‹‰›‘— these points will become clearer so you †‘™Š‡ƒ––‡’–‹‰–‘ƒ‡ƒ†‡ ‹•‹‘ǤŠ‡ can make changes to your holisticgoal –‡•–‹‰“—‡•–‹‘•’”‘˜‹†‡ƒ‘–Š‡”ƤŽ–‡”ƒˆ–‡” and improve the results you get from ›‘—”‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘‰ƒ–Š‡”‹‰‹• ‘’Ž‡–‡Ǥ‘™ that process. –Šƒ–›‘—Šƒ˜‡ƒ Ž‡ƒ”’‹ –—”‡‘ˆ™Š‡”‡›‘—™ƒ– /"$9(O6"#*$5"'&./&02")'O6"#$%&''$9(2&+$/"$%(&25$ Revise your holisticgoal if there has been 6"#*$8(0&.&"+.$%&/5$/5)/$B&0/#*($)+8$&/.$"#/0"3(.$  DQ\VLJQLÀFDQWFKDQJHLQWKHZKROHXQGHU &+$3&+8; management (like a change in the decision makers due to marriage or death.

HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 2 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 31 ‡ ‘†ǡ›‘—™‹ŽŽƤ†–Šƒ–‘–ƒŽŽ†‡ ‹•‹‘• Cause & Effect ”‡“—‹”‡–Šƒ–›‘—‰‘–Š”‘—‰ŠƒŽŽ•‡˜‡–‡•–•Ǥ ˆ›‘— Ƥ†›‘—‰‡–•–— ƒ•›‘—‰‘–Š”‘—‰Š–Š‡ǡ‹–̽• Weak Link Tests Ž‹‡Ž›–Šƒ–›‘—†‘̽–Šƒ˜‡‡‘—‰Š‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ Social, Biological, Financial ƒ„‘—––Š‡‹••—‡›‘—̽”‡–”›‹‰–‘ƒ††”‡••ƒ† ‡‡†–‘†‘‘”‡”‡•‡ƒ” ŠǤ––‹‡•›‘—™‹ŽŽ Marginal Reaction Ƥ†–Š‡”‡‹•‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘‘” Žƒ”‹–›‹••‹‰ˆ”‘ *URVV3URÀW$QDO\VLV ›‘—”Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽǡƒ‹‰‹–†‹ƥ —Ž–ƒ†‡˜‡ &3B"..&9'($/"$9($0'()*$)9"#/$%5)/$&.$/5($*&25/$ Energy/Money /5&+2$/"$8";$75(+$/5&.$5)BB(+.$&/$&.$/&3($/"$ Sustainability ”‡˜‹•‹–›‘—”Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽƒ††‹‰†‡‡’‡”‹–‘Š‘™ ›‘—™ƒ–›‘—”Ž‹ˆ‡–‘„‡ǡ™Šƒ–›‘——•–’”‘†— ‡ Society & Culture –‘Ž‹˜‡–Šƒ–Ž‹ˆ‡ǡƒ†™Šƒ–™‹ŽŽ‡‡†–‘„‡’”‡•‡– –‘•—•–ƒ‹‹–ˆƒ”‹–‘–Š‡ˆ—–—”‡Ǥ

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––‹‡•ǡƒ‹‰†‡ ‹•‹‘• ƒ„‡˜‡”› ‘’Ž‡š N+$#.&+2$/5($•‡˜‡–‡•–‹‰“—‡•–‹‘•ǡ›‘—ƒ• ƒ††‹ƥ —Ž–Ȅ’ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ”Ž›™Š‡›‘—ƒ”‡ƒ‹‰ ƒ•‡”‹‡•‘ˆ“—‡•–‹‘•–Šƒ–™‹ŽŽŠ‡Ž’‡•—”‡–Šƒ– –Š‡‹ ”‹•‹•‘”‹ƒ•–”‡••ˆ—Ž•‹–—ƒ–‹‘ǤŠ‡•‡ /5($8(0&.&"+$6"#$3)M($&.$•‹—Ž–ƒ‡‘—•Ž›•‘ ‹ƒŽŽ›ǡ •‡˜‡–‡•–‹‰“—‡•–‹‘• ‘„‹‡–Š‹‹‰Ȁ ‡ ‘‘‹ ƒŽŽ›ǡƒ†‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽŽ›•‘—†ǡƒ† Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ“—‡•–‹‘•™‹–Šˆ‡‡Ž‹‰“—‡•–‹‘•ǡƒ•™‡ŽŽ ™‹ŽŽŽ‡ƒ†›‘—–‘™ƒ”†›‘—”Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽǤ ˆ–Š‡ ƒ•“—‡•–‹‘•–Šƒ–ˆ‘ —•‘Ƥƒ ‹ƒŽǡ„‹‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ •‹–—ƒ–‹‘‹•ƒƒŒ‘”‘‡ǡƒ†Ȁ‘” ‘’Ž‹ ƒ–‡†ǡ›‘— ƒ†•‘ ‹ƒŽ ‘ ‡”•Ǥ‘”‡‘˜‡”ǡ–Š‡•‡“—‡•–‹‘• ‹‰Š–™ƒ––‘Šƒ˜‡›‘—”Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽ‹ˆ”‘–‘ˆ )'."$5('B$6"#$0"+.&8(*$.5"*/R/(*3$)+8$'"+2R 6"#$).$6"#$/5&+M$/5*"#25$/5($–‡•–‹‰“—‡•–‹‘•;$ –‡” ‘•‡“—‡ ‡•ǡŠ‡Ž’‹‰›‘—ƒ††”‡••–Š‡ ˆ–Š‡†‡ ‹•‹‘’ƒ••‡•‘•–‘”ƒŽŽ‘ˆ–Š‡–‡•–‹‰ ‘’Ž‡š‹–›ƒ†‡•—”‡–Šƒ–›‘—”ƤƒŽ†‡ ‹•‹‘• “—‡•–‹‘•ƒ†‹–‹• Ž‡ƒ”–Šƒ–‹–‘˜‡•›‘—–‘™ƒ”† ƒ†ƒ –‹‘•ƒ”‡–Š‡„‡•––Š‡› ƒ„‡‹–‡”•‘ˆ ›‘—”Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽǡ›‘—™‹ŽŽŠƒ˜‡ƒ††‡† ‘Ƥ†‡ ‡Ǥ ›‘—”Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽƒ†–Š‡Ž‹ˆ‡›‘—™ƒ––‘Ž‹˜‡Ǥ ˆ‹–ˆƒ‹Ž•‘‡‘”‘”‡‘ˆ–Š‡–‡•–‹‰“—‡•–‹‘•ǡ‹– ƒ‡ƒƒ—„‡”‘ˆ–Š‹‰•ǣ –‡•–‹‰ǡ–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡ƒˆ‡™–Š‹‰•–‘‡‡’‹‹†Ǥ ͝Ǥ –™‘̽–™‘”ǡ•‘›‘—ƒ„ƒ†‘–Š‡†‡ ‹•‹‘Ǣ ‹”•–ǡ›‘—•Š‘—Ž†‘Ž›•’‡†‹—–‡•ǡ‘–Š‘—”•ǡ ͞Ǥ Š‡†‡ ‹•‹‘Ȁƒ –‹‘‡‡†•–‘„‡‘†‹Ƥ‡†Ǣ‘” 2"&+2$/5*"#25$/5($–‡•–‹‰“—‡•–‹‘•ǤŠ‡ K;$ !"#$2"$)5()8$%&/5$/5($8(0&.&"+$"*$)0/&"+$ ƒ—•‡ƒ†‡ơ‡ ––‡•–•Š‘—Ž†„‡ƒ•‡†Ƥ”•–ƒ†  ‘™‹‰–Šƒ–•‘‘‡”‘”Žƒ–‡”›‘—™‹ŽŽŠƒ˜‡–‘ •‘ ‹‡–›ƒ† —Ž–—”‡Žƒ•–Ǥ–Š‡”–Šƒ–Š‡•‡–™‘ǡ‹–  †‡ƒŽ™‹–Š–Š‡”‡ƒ•‘•‹–†‹†̽–’ƒ••–Š‡–‡•–‹‰ 8"(.$+"/$3)//(*$%5)/$"*8(*$6"#$).M$/5($–‡•–‹‰  “—‡•–‹‘•Ǥ “—‡•–‹‘•‹ǡ„—––Š‡‹†‡ƒ‹•–‘‘˜‡–Š”‘—‰Š –Š‡“—‹ Ž›ǤŠ‡‰”‘••’”‘Ƥ–ƒƒŽ›•‹•ƒ† ˆ›‘—Ƥ†›‘—”•‡Žˆ— ‡”–ƒ‹ƒ•–‘™Š‡–Š‡”‘” ƒ”‰‹ƒŽ‡ƒ –‹‘–‡•–•ƒ›”‡“—‹”‡•‘‡ ‘–ƒ†‡ ‹•‹‘’ƒ••‡•‘‡‘”‘”‡‘ˆ–Š‡–‡•–‹‰ Ƥƒ ‹ƒŽ ƒŽ —Žƒ–‹‘•ƒ†–Š—•‘”‡–‹‡ǡ„—– “—‡•–‹‘•ǡ‹–‡ƒ•‘‡‘”‘”‡‘ˆ–Š‡ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ 6"#$0)+$#.($*"#25$(./&3)/(.$%5(+$6"#$&+&/&)''6$ /5&+2., /(./$)$8(0&.&"+;$!"#$0)+$/5(+$2"$9)0M$)+8$8"$ ͝Ǥ ‘—‡‡†‘”‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘Ǣ –Š‘•‡ ƒŽ —Žƒ–‹‘•‹ˆ–Š‡›ƒ”‡‡‡†‡†–‘ƒ‡ƒ ͞Ǥ ‘—ƒ”‡— Ž‡ƒ”‘™Šƒ–›‘—ƒ”‡–‡•–‹‰Ǣ ƤƒŽ†‡ ‹•‹‘Ǥ ͟Ǥ ’ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ”–‡•–‹‰“—‡•–‹‘†‘‡•̽–ƒ’’Ž›‹  –Š‹••‹–—ƒ–‹‘Ǣ‘” ͠Ǥ ‘—‡‡†–‘”‡˜‹•‹–›‘—”Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽǤ

32 HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 2 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 Š‡•‡˜‡–‡•–•‹ Ž—†‡ǣ ‘””‡ –†‹ƒ‰‘•‹•‘ˆ–Š‡”‘‘– ƒ—•‡‘ˆ–Š‡’”‘„Ž‡ ͡Ǥ ƒ—•‡ƒ†ơ‡ – %"#'8$'()8$/"$)$3"*($)BB*"B*&)/($)+8$'"+2R/(*3$ ͢Ǥ ‡ƒ‹ǣ•‘ ‹ƒŽǡ„‹‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽǡƒ†! ."'#/&"+;  Ƥƒ ‹ƒŽ ͣǤ ƒ”‰‹ƒŽ‡ƒ –‹‘ ͤǤ ”‘••”‘Ƥ–ƒŽ›•‹• 6-*1(#$+1(&-%& ͥǤ‡”‰›Ȁ‘‡›‘—” ‡ƒ†•‡ ͦǤ —•–ƒ‹ƒ„‹Ž‹–› Š‡™‡ƒŽ‹–‡•–”‡ˆ‡”•–‘–Š‡‘Ž†ƒ†ƒ‰‡ǣƒ ͧǤ‘ ‹‡–›ƒ†—Ž–—”‡ Šƒ‹‹•‘Ž›ƒ••–”‘‰ƒ•‹–•™‡ƒ‡•–Ž‹Ǥ˜‡”› 05)&+$5).$)$%()M$'&+M$%5(+$&/$&.$./*(/05(8$/"$/5($ ‡–̽•–ƒ‡ƒŽ‘‘ƒ–‡ƒ Š‘ˆ–Š‡•‡•‡˜‡–‡•–•ƒ† „”‡ƒ‹‰’‘‹–Ǥ ˆ›‘—•’‡†–‹‡ƒ†‡‡”‰› %5)/$/5(6$)*($).M&+2; –”›‹‰–‘•–”‡‰–Š‡ƒ Šƒ‹„—–†‘̽–ƒ††”‡•• –Š‡™‡ƒŽ‹ǡ–Š‡ Šƒ‹™‹ŽŽ•–‹ŽŽ„‡™‡ƒƒ––Šƒ– ’‘‹–ƒ†›‘—™‹ŽŽŠƒ˜‡™ƒ•–‡†”‡•‘—” ‡•Ǥ –̽• '*3%-(*+0(-55-'&(&-%& ‹’‘”–ƒ––Šƒ–ǡ‘ ‡›‘—̽˜‡‹†‡–‹Ƥ‡†–Š‡™‡ƒ Ž‹‹–Š‡ Šƒ‹ǡ›‘— ‘‹–•‘‡”‡•‘—” ‡•–‘ Š›‹•‹–‹’‘”–ƒ–ǫ ‘” ‡•›‘—–‘†‡Ƥ‡–Š‡ ƒ††”‡••‹‰‹–ǤŠ‡™‡ƒŽ‹–‡•–ƒŽŽ‘™•—•–‘ ’”‘„Ž‡ƒ†–Š‡”‘‘– ƒ—•‡Ǥ ˆ‹–ǯ•ƒ”‡•‘—” ‡ 05(0M$"#*$)0/&"+.$/"$(+.#*($/5)/$/5(6$)88*(..$ B*"9'(3$'""M$)/$%5&05$(0".6./(3$&.$3"./$ –Š‡Ž‹–Šƒ–‹•™‡ƒ‡•–ƒ–ƒ›‰‹˜‡‘‡–Ǥ ƒơ‡ –‡†Ǥ ˆ‹–ǯ•ƒŠ—ƒ‹••—‡Ž‘‘–‘•–”— –—”‡ Š‹•–‡•–ƒ’’Ž‹‡•‹–Š”‡‡ƒŒ‘”ƒ”‡ƒ•ǣ•‘ ‹ƒŽǡ )+8$'()8(*.5&B; „‹‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽǡƒ†Ƥƒ ‹ƒŽǤ

With cause and effect you are asking the question, "Does this action address the root ‘ ‹ƒŽ‡ƒ‹ cause of the problem?" Š›‹•‹–‹’‘”–ƒ–ǫ –†‘‡•ǯ–ƒ––‡”‹ˆ›‘—” †‡ ‹•‹‘‹•”‹‰Š–‹ˆ›‘—†‘ǯ–Šƒ˜‡•—’’‘”–ˆ”‘ Š‹Ž‡‹–•‡‡•Ž‹‡ƒ•‹’Ž‡“—‡•–‹‘ǡ‹–̽•ƒ ‘–Š‡”•‘” ƒ—•‡ ‘ƪ‹ –ǤŠ‹•“—‡•–‹‘Š‡Ž’•›‘— ˜‡”›‹’‘”–ƒ–‘‡Ǥ –‹•ƒ‰‘‘†‹†‡ƒ–‘ƒ•–Š‹• ™‹ˆ”‹‡†•ƒ†‹ƪ—‡ ‡’‡‘’Ž‡Ǥ –‡•–‹‰“—‡•–‹‘„‡ˆ‘”‡ƒŽŽ‘–Š‡”••‹ ‡‹ˆ‹–ˆƒ‹Ž• –Š‹•–‡•–ǡ›‘—‹‰Š–™ƒ––‘”‡–Š‹–Š‡†‡ ‹•‹‘ The social weak link asks: Have you ƒŽ–‘‰‡–Š‡”Ǥ ˆ›‘—ƒ”‡ǯ–†‡ƒŽ‹‰™‹–Šƒ’”‘„Ž‡ǡ considered and/or addressed any ›‘— ƒ‘˜‡‘“—‹ Ž›–‘–Š‡‡š–“—‡•–‹‘Ǥ ˆ confusion, anger, or opposition this action ›‘—ƒ”‡†‡ƒŽ‹‰™‹–Šƒ’”‘„Ž‡ǡ–Š‹•–‡•–ˆ‘” ‡• could create with people whose support ›‘—–‘†‡Ƥ‡–Š‡’”‘„Ž‡ƒ††‡–‡”‹‡–Š‡ you need in the near or distant future? ”‘‘– ƒ—•‡Ǥˆ–‡™‡‡†—’–”‡ƒ–‹‰ƒ•›’–‘ ‘ˆƒ’”‘„Ž‡”ƒ–Š‡”–Šƒ†‡ƒŽ‹‰™‹–Š–Š‡”‡ƒŽ ‘–Š‡”™‘”†•ǡ‹•‹–’‘••‹„Ž‡–Šƒ––Š‡†‡ ‹•‹‘›‘— ’”‘„Ž‡ƒ–‹–•‘”‹‰‹Ǥ ”‡ƒŽŽ‹ˆ‡•‹–—ƒ–‹‘•ǡ ƒ”‡–”›‹‰–‘ƒ‡™‹ŽŽ‘ơ‡†‘” ‘ˆ—•‡’‡‘’Ž‡ ’ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ”Ž›‹˜‘Ž˜‹‰„‹‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ•›•–‡•ǡ‹– ƒ ™Š‘•‡•—’’‘”–›‘—‡‡†‘™ƒ†Ȁ‘”‹–Š‡ „‡˜‡”›†‹ƥ —Ž––‘‹‡†‹ƒ–‡Ž›Ƥ‰—”‡‘—––Š‡ ˆ—–—”‡ǫ –†‘‡•̽–ƒ––‡”‹ˆ›‘—”†‡ ‹•‹‘‹•”‹‰Š– ”‘‘– ƒ—•‡‘ˆƒ’”‘„Ž‡Ǥ‡ ƒ—•‡‹–‹•†‹ƥ —Ž– ‹ˆ›‘—†‘̽–Šƒ˜‡•—’’‘”–ˆ”‘–Š‡‘–Š‡”†‡ ‹•‹‘ –‘†‡–‡”‹‡–Š‡”‘‘– ƒ—•‡ƒ†‘ˆ–‡–Š‡ ƒ‡”•‘”–Š‡’‡‘’Ž‡‹›‘—””‡•‘—” ‡„ƒ•‡ǡƒ† •›’–‘•ƒ”‡ƒŽŽ–‘‘˜‹•‹„Ž‡ƒ†‡˜‡•‘‡–‹‡• ‹ˆ‹–™‹ŽŽ—Ž–‹ƒ–‡Ž› ƒ—•‡ ‘ƪ‹ –ǤŠ‹•“—‡•–‹‘ — ‘ˆ‘”–ƒ„Ž‡ǡ‘—”–‡†‡ ›‹•–‘‰‘ˆ‘”ƒ“—‹  ‹•‘–”‡ƒŽŽ›ƒ’ƒ••‘”ˆƒ‹Žǡ„—–‹–•‡†•—’ƒ›”‡† ƤšȄ•’‘–ƒ•›’–‘ƒ†ƒ’’Ž›ƒ•‘Ž—–‹‘ǡ‘Ž› ƪƒ‰•›‘—‡‡†–‘‘™ƒ„‘—–ƒ†•Š‘—Ž†ƒ††”‡•• –‘Šƒ˜‡–Š‡’”‘„Ž‡”‡ —”ǡ†‡˜‡Ž‘’‹‰ƒ™ƒ•–‡ˆ—Ž „‡ˆ‘”‡›‘—‰‘ƒŠ‡ƒ†Ǥ‘— ƒ–Š‡Ƥ‰—”‡‘—–Š‘™ ƒ†—’”‘†— –‹˜‡ › Ž‡Ǥ –‘ƒ‡•—”‡›‘—†‘̽– ”‡ƒ–‡‹•—†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰•ǡ ‘”—Ž–‹ƒ–‡Ž›™‘”•‡ǡ‘„•–ƒ Ž‡•–‘‰‡––‹‰™Š‡”‡ ‘‡–‹‡•ƒ‰”‡ƒ–†‡ƒŽ‘ˆ–‹‡ǡ‘‡›ǡƒ† 6"#$%)+/$/"$2"; ‡ơ‘”–‹••’‡–†‡ƒŽ‹‰™‹–Š•›’–‘•™Š‡

HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 2 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 33 75(+$6"#$.#.B(0/$/5)/$/)M&+2$)$B)*/&0#')*$)0/&"+$ ‹ƒ ‹ƒŽ‡ƒ‹ %&''$*(.#'/$&+$)$*()0/&"+$/5)/$9'"0M.$B*"2*(..$ Š›‹•‹–‹’‘”–ƒ–ǫ›†‡–‡”‹‹‰™Š‡”‡–Š‡ –‘™ƒ”†›‘—”Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽǡ–Š‡ƒ‡ƒ‡–ƒŽ ™‡ƒ‡•–Ž‹‹•›‘—™‹ŽŽ‰‡––Š‡‘•–”‡–—”ˆ‘” ‘–‡–‘”‡–—”–‘–Š‹•ƒ––‡”‹ˆ–Š‡ƒ –‹‘„‡‹‰ ƒ›‘‡›‘”–‹‡‹˜‡•–‡†‹•–”‡‰–Š‡‹‰–Š‡ –‡•–‡†’ƒ••‡•–Š‡‘˜‡”ƒŽŽ–‡•–‹‰Ǥ‘—™‹ŽŽ‡‡† %5"'($05)&+; •‘‡‹†‡ƒ•–‘†‡ˆ—•‡–Š‡•‹–—ƒ–‹‘„‡ˆ‘”‡›‘— ’”‘ ‡‡†”ƒ–Š‡”–Šƒ ƒ—•‡ ‘ƪ‹ –Ǥ –̽•‡ƒ•‹‡”–‘ 7KHÀQDQFLDOZHDNOLQNDVNV\RXWRFRQVLGHU Šƒ˜‡ƒ’Žƒƒ†„‡’”‡’ƒ”‡†ˆ‘””‡•‹•–ƒ ‡–Šƒ "Does this action address the weakest link in –‘Šƒ˜‡–‘Žƒ–‡”—†‘†ƒƒ‰‡ ƒ—•‡†„›ƒ’‘‘”Ž› the chain of production?" /5"#25/$"#/$8(0&.&"+; 7&/5$/5($-"'&./&0$1)+)2(3(+/S$G&+)+0&)'$ A')++&+2$B*"0(..$6"#$8(/(*3&+($6"#*$Ƥƒ ‹ƒŽ ‹‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ‡ƒ‹ ™‡ƒŽ‹Ȅ Žƒ”‹ˆ›‹‰™Š‡–Š‡””‡•‘—” ‡ ‘˜‡”•‹‘ǡ’”‘†— – ‘˜‡”•‹‘ǡ‘”ƒ”‡–‹‰ Š›‹•‹–‹’‘”–ƒ–ǫ›†‡–‡”‹‹‰–Š‡ ‹•›‘—”™‡ƒ‡•–Ž‹ǤŠ‡ǡƒ•›‘—–‡•–†‡ ‹•‹‘• ™‡ƒ‡•–Ž‹‹–Š‡Ž‹ˆ‡ › Ž‡›‘—‹ ”‡ƒ•‡›‘—” –Š”‘—‰Š‘—––Š‡›‡ƒ”ǡ›‘— ƒ†‡–‡”‹‡–Š‡‡ơ‡ – ƒ„‹Ž‹–›–‘‡ơ‡ –‹˜‡Ž›‹’”‘˜‡–Š‡ƒ„‹Ž‹–›‘ˆ–Š‡ –Š‡›™‹ŽŽŠƒ˜‡‘›‘—”Ƥƒ ‹ƒŽ•‹–—ƒ–‹‘„ƒ•‡† ‘”‰ƒ‹•–‘•—”˜‹˜‡‘”–‘”‡‘˜‡‘””‡†— ‡‹–• "+$/5&.$/(./; —„‡”•‹ˆ‹–‹•ƒDz’”‘„Ž‡dz‘”‰ƒ‹•Ǥ L(/(*3&+&+2$%5(*($/5($%()M(./$'&+M$&.$&+$6"#*$ The biological weak link considers the Šƒ‹‘ˆ’”‘†— –‹‘™‹ŽŽŠ‡Ž’›‘—‰‡––Š‡‘•– question, "Does this action address the ”‡–—”ˆ‘”ƒ›‘‡›‘”–‹‡›‘—‹˜‡•–‹ weakest point in the life cycle of this •–”‡‰–Š‡‹‰–Š‡‡–‹”‡ Šƒ‹ǤŠ‡›‘—‹˜‡•– organism? ˆ—†•‹ƒ††”‡••‹‰ƒ™‡ƒŽ‹‹–‹• ‘•‹†‡”‡†–‘ 9($)$™‡ƒŽ–Š‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‰‡š’‡•‡; ‘—̽ŽŽ‘ˆ–‡—•‡–Š‹•–‡•–™Š‡›‘—ƒ”‡†‡ƒŽ‹‰ ™‹–Š’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘•‘ˆ’Žƒ–•‘”ƒ‹ƒŽ‘”‰ƒ‹•• Š‡–Š”‡‡Ž‹•‹–Š‡ Šƒ‹‘ˆ’”‘†— –‹‘ƒ”‡ǣ –Šƒ–Šƒ˜‡„‡ ‘‡ƒ’”‘„Ž‡ǤŠ‹•ƒ›„‡ ”‡•‘—” ‡ ‘˜‡”•‹‘ǡ’”‘†— – ‘˜‡”•‹‘ǡƒ† 9(0)#.($/5($"*2)+&.3.$)*($/""$3)+6$&+$+#39(*,$ ƒ”‡–‹‰Ǥ‘—Šƒ˜‡ƒ”‡•‘—” ‡ ‘˜‡”•‹‘ –Š‡’ƒ”ƒ•‹–‡•‹ˆ‡•–‹‰ƒ”ƒ Š‡”̽• ƒ––Ž‡ǡ–Š‡ ™‡ƒŽ‹™Š‡›‘—Šƒ˜‡‹•—ƥ ‹‡–ƒ„‹Ž‹–› Ž‡ƒˆ›•’—”‰‡–Šƒ–̽•‹˜ƒ†‡†ƒ‰”ƒ••Žƒ†ǡ–Š‡ –‘ ‘˜‡”–•—Ž‹‰Š–‹–‘”ƒ™”‡•‘—” ‡•ȋ‰”ƒ••ǡ ‘ ”‘ƒ Š‡•–Šƒ–‹˜ƒ†‡ƒˆƒ‹Ž›̽•‹– Š‡Ǥ – –”‡‡•ǡ ‘”ǡ‡– ǤȌƒ†Ȁ‘”Žƒ •—ƥ ‹‡–”ƒ™ ‹‰Š–ƒŽ•‘ƒ’’Ž›–‘‘”‰ƒ‹••–Šƒ–ƒ”‡–‘‘ˆ‡™‹ ”‡•‘—” ‡•ȋ‹ Ž—†‹‰‘‡›ǡ ƒ’ƒ ‹–›ǡ–ƒŽ‡–ǡ —„‡”ǣƒ”ƒ”‡ƒŽ‘‡’Žƒ––Šƒ–‡‡†•’”‘–‡ –‹‘ǡ ‡– ǤȌǤ”ǡ›‘—ƒ›Šƒ˜‡‘”‡–Šƒ‡‘—‰Š”ƒ™ ‘”–Š‡—‡”‘—••’‡ ‹‡•‘ˆƒ‹ƒŽŽ‹ˆ‡–Šƒ–ƒ”‡ ”‡•‘—” ‡•ǡ„—–›‘—Žƒ –Š‡ ƒ’ƒ ‹–›–‘ ‘˜‡”– –Š”‡ƒ–‡‡†‘”‹†ƒ‰‡”‘ˆ‡š–‹ –‹‘Ǥ –Š‡–‘ƒƒ”‡–ƒ„Ž‡ˆ‘”Ǥ –Šƒ– ƒ•‡ǡ›‘— Šƒ˜‡ƒ’”‘†— – ‘˜‡”•‹‘™‡ƒŽ‹Ǥ ˆ›‘—̽˜‡ ˜‡”›‘”‰ƒ‹•Šƒ•ƒ’‘‹–‘ˆ‰”‡ƒ–‡•– ”‡ƒ–‡†ƒ‰”‡ƒ–’”‘†— –‘”•‡”˜‹ ‡ǡ„—–ƒ”‡Šƒ˜‹‰ ˜—Ž‡”ƒ„‹Ž‹–›†—”‹‰‹–•Ž‹ˆ‡ › Ž‡Ȅƒ™‡ƒŽ‹;$ †‹ƥ —Ž–›•‡ŽŽ‹‰‹–ǡ–Š‡–Š‡”‡‹•ƒƒ”‡–‹‰ ›”‡ ‘‰‹œ‹‰–Š‡™‡ƒŽ‹›‘—‹ ”‡ƒ•‡›‘—” ƒ„‹Ž‹–›–‘‡ơ‡ –‹˜‡Ž›ȋƒ†‘ˆ–‡Ž‡••‡š’‡•‹˜‡Ž›Ȍ ”‡†— ‡–Š‡—„‡”•‘ˆƒ̾’”‘„Ž‡̾‘”‰ƒ‹•ǡ‘” / . ) ‹ ”‡ƒ•‡–Š‡—„‡”•‘ˆ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘•›‘—™ƒ––‘ (+5)+0(;$75(+$/5($/""'$"*$)0/&"+$6"#$/)M($ )88*(..(.$/5($™‡ƒŽ‹ǡ–Š‡‹–’ƒ••‡•–Š‹•–‡•–Ǥ Resource Product Marketing Conversion Conversion (Money Conversion)

34 HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 2 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 ȋ‘‡› ‘˜‡”•‹‘Ȍ™‡ƒŽ‹ǤŠ‡Ƥƒ ‹ƒŽ •–”‡‰–Š‡–Š‡™‡ƒ‡•–Ž‹‹›‘—” Šƒ‹‘ˆ %()M$'&+M$/(./$&.$(:B'"*(8$&+$2*()/$8(/)&'$&+$/5($ ’”‘†— –‹‘ǡƒ•‡–‹‘‡†‡ƒ”Ž‹‡”Ǥ –ƒŽ•‘Š‡Ž’• ‘Ž‹•–‹ ƒƒ‰‡‡– ƒ†„‘‘Ǥ ›‘—–Š‹ƒ„‘—–Š‘™›‘—’”‹‘”‹–‹œ‡–Š‡ƒ‘—–‘ˆ –‹‡›‘—•’‡†‘ƒ›‡†‡ƒ˜‘”Ǥ‹‡‹•ƒƤ‹–‡ Š‡™‡ƒŽ‹–‡•–‹‰“—‡•–‹‘O%5(/5(*$ *(."#*0(;$!"#$%)+/$/"$3)M($.#*($6"#$3):&3&U($ •‘ ‹ƒŽǡ„‹‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽǡ‘”Ƥƒ ‹ƒŽȄ ƒ—•‡•—•–‘ –Š‡”‡–—”‘‡˜‡”›Š‘—”›‘—•’‡†Ǥ ‡šƒ‹‡˜‡”› ƒ”‡ˆ—ŽŽ›™Š‡”‡–Š‡™‡ƒŽ‹$&.$ ƒ†‡•—”‡–Šƒ–‘—”†‡ ‹•‹‘•ƒ†Ȁ‘”’‘–‡–‹ƒŽ ƒ –‹‘•ƒ”‡ƒ††”‡••‹‰–Šƒ–™‡ƒŽ‹Ǥ––‡–‹‘ ,/"%%(./"5$&(*+*#2%$% ’ƒ‹†–‘–Š‡™‡ƒŽ‹ƒ†”‡•‘—” ‡•‹˜‡•–‡†‹ ƒ††”‡••‹‰–Š‡™‹ŽŽ‹–Š‡Ž‘‰”—’”‡˜‡– Š›‹•‹–‹’‘”–ƒ–ǫ!"#$%)+/$/"$.(($%5&05$ „Ž‘ ƒ‰‡•ƒ†„”‡ƒ†‘™•ǡƒ†‡•—”‡–Šƒ–‘—” ‡–‡”’”‹•‡•ǡƒˆ–‡”–Š‡†‹”‡ – ‘•–•ƒ†”‹•• Š—ƒƒ†Ƥƒ ‹ƒŽ”‡•‘—” ‡•ƒ”‡Ž‡ƒ†‹‰—• ƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‡†™‹–Š–Š‡Šƒ˜‡„‡‡ˆƒ –‘”‡† /"%)*8$"#*$5"'&./&02")'; ‹ǡ’”‘†— ‡–Š‡‘•–‹ ‘‡ˆ‘”–Š‡Ž‡ƒ•– )88&/&"+)'$0"./;$N+$/5&.$%)6$6"#$)..(..$/5($ Ƥƒ ‹ƒŽ”‹•‘ˆ–Š‡•‡‡–‡”’”‹•‡•Ǥ )*/,$+*#(/-*'&$"+ 7KHJURVVSURÀWDQDO\VLVWHVWLVXVHGZKHQ Š›‹•‹–‹’‘”–ƒ–ǫN/$5('B.$6"#$B*&"*&/&U($6"#*$ you are comparing two or more enterprises. ‡ơ‘”–•ƒ†‡š’‡†‹–—”‡••‘›‘— ƒƒš‹‹œ‡ It asks the question, "Which enterprises B*"2*(..$/"%)*8$6"#*$5"'&./&02")'; FRQWULEXWHWKHPRVWWRFRYHULQJWKHÀ[HG costs (or overheads) of the business?" The marginal reaction test is used when comparing two or more possible actions. It ˆ–‡”ƒŽŽ–Š‡‹ ‘‡ƒ†‡š’‡•‡•†‹”‡ –Ž› asks the question, 'Which action provides ƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‡†™‹–Š‡ƒ Š‡–‡”’”‹•‡Šƒ˜‡„‡‡ the greatest return, in terms of your †‡–‡”‹‡†ǡ™Š‹ Š‡–‡”’”‹•‡‹•Ž‹‡Ž›–‘’”‘†— ‡ holisticgoal for the time or money spent?" –Š‡‘•–‹ ‘‡ˆ‘”–Š‡Ž‡ƒ•–ƒ††‹–‹‘ƒŽ ‘•–ǫ Š‡‹ ‘‡‰‡‡”ƒ–‡†Šƒ•–‘ ‘˜‡”›‘—”‘˜‡”Š‡ƒ† ‘–Š‡”™‘”†•ǡ™Šƒ–ƒ –‹‘‰‡–•–Š‡̾„‹‰‰‡•– ƒ†‰‡‡”ƒ–‡•‘‡‡š ‡••‹ˆ–Š‡„—•‹‡••‹•‰‘‹‰ „ƒ‰ˆ‘”–Š‡„— ǫ̾ –‘„‡’”‘Ƥ–ƒ„Ž‡Ǥ ƒ‰”‘••’”‘Ƥ–ƒƒŽ›•‹•ǡ›‘— •‹’Ž›Ž‘‘ƒ––Š‡‹ ‘‡Ž‹‡Ž›–‘„‡†‡”‹˜‡† ‘—ƒ”‡‡••‡–‹ƒŽŽ›ƒ•‹‰›‘—”•‡Žˆ™Š‹ Š‘ˆ–™‘ ˆ”‘‡ƒ Š‡–‡”’”‹•‡ƒ††‡†— ––Š‡ƒ††‹–‹‘ƒŽ "*$3"*($)0/&"+.$%&''$*(.#'/$&+$()05$8"'')*$"*$5"#*$ ‘‡››‘—™‹ŽŽŠƒ˜‡–‘•’‡†–‘„”‹‰‹–‹Ǥ,-(+ ‘ˆŽƒ„‘”„‡‹‰‹˜‡•–‡†™Š‡”‡‹–’”‘˜‹†‡•–Š‡ †‹ơ‡”‡ ‡„‡–™‡‡‘‡›‹ƒ†‘‡›‘—–‹•–Š‡ Š‹‰Š‡•–”‡–—”‹–‡”•‘ˆ›‘—”Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽǤ‘ ‰”‘••’”‘Ƥ–Ǥ –™‘ƒ –‹‘•›‘—–ƒ‡ƒ”‡‰‘‹‰–‘‰‹˜‡‡šƒ –Ž›–Š‡ •ƒ‡”‡–—”ˆ‘”‡ƒ Š—‹–‘ˆ‡ơ‘”–ȋ–‹‡ǡ‘‡›ǡ ”‘••’”‘Ƥ–ƒƒŽ›•‹•‹•—•‡†’”‹ƒ”‹Ž›ƒ•’ƒ”–‘ˆ ‘”’Š›•‹ ƒŽ‡‡”‰›‡š‡”–‡†Ȍ›‘—‹˜‡•–ƒ––Šƒ– /5($-"'&./&0$G&+)+0&)'$A')++&+2S$B*"0(..;$75&'($ ‘‡–Ǥ‘ǡ™Š‡”‡•‘—” ‡•ƒ”‡Ž‹‹–‡†ǡ›‘— /5&.$/(./$/(''.$6"#$%5)/$(+/(*B*&.($0"+/*&9#/(.$ ™ƒ––‘•‡Ž‡ –ˆ”‘–Š‡‘‡–Šƒ–‰‹˜‡•›‘—–Š‡ ‘•––‘™ƒ”†Ƥš‡† ‘•–•ƒ†’‘••‹„Ž‡’”‘Ƥ–ǡ 9(./$*(/#*+; ‘Ž›†‘‹‰ƒˆ—ŽŽƤƒ ‹ƒŽ’Žƒ™‹ŽŽ–‡ŽŽ›‘—‹ˆ –Š‡‡–‡”’”‹•‡ȋ•Ȍ›‘—̽˜‡•‡Ž‡ –‡†™‹ŽŽ–‘‰‡–Š‡” !"#$0)+$#.($/5($ƒ”‰‹ƒŽ”‡ƒ –‹‘–‡•–‹‰ ‘˜‡”ƒŽŽ–Š‡Ƥš‡† ‘•–•ƒ†”‡–—”ƒ’”‘Ƥ–Ǥ –̽• “—‡•–‹‘$/"$8(/(*3&+($%5)/$6"#*$*(/#*+$&.$B(*$ &3B"*/)+/$/"$*(3(39(*$/5)/$(+/(*B*&.(.$/5)/$B)..$ †‘ŽŽƒ”‹˜‡•–‡†ǡƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ•”‡–—”ˆ‘”‡˜‡”›Š‘—” –Š‹•–‡•–•–‹ŽŽ‡‡†–‘’ƒ••‘–Š‡”–‡•–‹‰“—‡•–‹‘• ‘ˆ‡ơ‘”–›‘—‹˜‡•–Ǥ –Š‡ ‘Ž‹•–‹  ‹ƒ ‹ƒŽ ).$%(''$/"$9($0"+.&8(*(8; Žƒ‹‰͂’”‘ ‡••ǡ›‘— ƒ—•‡–Š‹•–‡•–‹ ‘Œ— –‹‘™‹–Š–Š‡™‡ƒŽ‹–‡•–Ȅ‹–Š‡Ž’• 6"#$B*&"*&/&U($%5)/$)0/&"+.$6"#$%&''$/)M($/"$

HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 2 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 35 ”‘••’”‘Ƥ–ƒƒŽ›•‹•‹•‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡•‡˜‡–‡•–‹‰ —’’Ž‹‡•‘ˆ‘‹Žƒ†‘–Š‡”ˆ‘••‹Žˆ—‡Ž•ƒ”‡Ž‹‹–‡† “—‡•–‹‘•–Šƒ–”‡“—‹”‡•–Š‡—•‡‘ˆ’‡ ‹Žƒ† ƒ†™‡™‹ŽŽ‡˜‡–—ƒŽŽ›”—‘—–‘ˆ•‡ —”‡ƒ† ’ƒ’‡”ǡƒ†‹••‘‡™Šƒ–‘”‡–‹‡ ‘•—‹‰ ƒơ‘”†ƒ„Ž‡•—’’Ž‹‡•Ǥ –Šƒ–Š‡‘–Š‡”•Ǥ—–™Š‡ ‘•‹†‡”‹‰‡™ ‡–‡”’”‹•‡•ˆ‘”›‘—”™Š‘Ž‡—†‡”ƒƒ‰‡‡–ǡ‹– –‡”•‘ˆ–Š‡‡ơ‡ –•‘–Š‡‡˜‹”‘‡–ǡ &.$/&3($%(''$.B(+/; ‡‡”‰›•‘—” ‡•ƒŽ•‘ˆƒŽŽ‹–‘–™‘ ƒ–‡‰‘”‹‡•ǣ 9(+&2+$."#*0(.$"*$/5".($/5)/$)*($B"/(+/&)''6$ †ƒƒ‰‹‰ǤŠ‡‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽ‹’ƒ –‘ˆ˜ƒ”‹‘—• -+-/,2=)"+-2(%"3/'-(*+0(3%- (+(*26$."#*0(.$8(B(+8.$"+$/5($*)/($)/$%5&05$/5(6$ ƒ”‡ ‘•—‡†ǡƒ†–Š‡‡–Š‘†•—•‡†–‘Šƒ”‡•• Š›‹•‹–‹’‘”–ƒ–ǫC+(*26$)+8$3"+(6$/5)/$ )+8$8&./*&9#/($/5(3;$75(+$6"#$05"".($/"$%)'M$ ƒ”‡—•‡†–‘„—‹Ž†‹ˆ”ƒ•–”— –—”‡ƒ”‡’”‡ˆ‡”ƒ„Ž‡ǡƒ• ‘””‹†‡ƒ„‹‡‹•–‡ƒ†‘ˆ†”‹˜‹‰›‘—” ƒ”ǡ›‘—ƒ”‡ ƒ”‡—•‡•ˆ‘”ƒ‘‡Ǧ–‹‡‹˜‡•–‡––Šƒ–™‹ŽŽ–Š‡ Š‘‘•‹‰ƒ„‡‹‰•‘—” ‡‘ˆ‡‡”‰›”ƒ–Š‡”–Šƒƒ •—•–ƒ‹‹–•‡ŽˆǤ‘—™ƒ––‘ƒ˜‘‹† ‘•—’–‹˜‡—•‡• ’‘–‡–‹ƒŽŽ›†ƒƒ‰‹‰‘‡Ǥ‘‹•ƒˆƒ”‡”™Š‘ ‘ˆ‡‡”‰›‘”‘‡›–Šƒ–„‡ ‘‡ƒ††‹ –‹˜‡Ǥ —•‡•Ž‹˜‡•–‘ –‘„”‡ƒ†‘™ ‘”•–—„„Ž‡‹ƒ Ƥ‡Ž†”ƒ–Š‡”–Šƒ—•‹‰•‘‡–›’‡‘ˆƒ Š‹‡”›Ǥ The energy/money source and use test ‡‡’‹‰‹‹†›‘—”Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽǡ›‘—‡‡†–‘ compels you to consider if the means †‡–‡”‹‡‹ˆ–Š‡•‘—” ‡‘ˆ‡‡”‰››‘—’Žƒ–‘—•‡ by which you will achieve the action ‹–ƒ‹‰ƒ›ƒ –‹‘‹•ƒƒ’’”‘’”‹ƒ–‡‘‡ˆ‘”›‘—” or decision is holistically sound. So what B*(.(+/$.&/#)/&"+; about the secondary inputs we use in our enterprises? These must also pass the seven ‘‡›‘—” ‡•ǤŠ‡‘‡›$#.(8$/"$&3B'(3(+/$ testing questions. ƒ›ƒ –‹‘ ƒ„‡†‡”‹˜‡†ˆ”‘‡‹–Š‡”‹–‡”ƒŽ ‘”‡š–‡”ƒŽ•‘—” ‡•Ǥ –‡”ƒŽ‘‡› ‘‡•ˆ”‘ Š‡‡‡”‰›Ȁ‘‡›•‘—” ‡ƒ†—•‡–‡•–$).M.$ ™Šƒ–›‘—‡ƒ”‘”Šƒ˜‡‹•ƒ˜‹‰•ƒ†Ȁ‘”™Šƒ– –™‘“—‡•–‹‘•ǣ ›‘—”„—•‹‡••‘”Žƒ† ƒ‰‡‡”ƒ–‡Ǥ›–‹‡›‘— Ȉ N.$/5($(+(*26$"*$3"+(6$/"$9($#.(8$&+$/5&.$ ƒ”‡Ž›‘ƒ‹–‡”ƒŽ•‘—” ‡ǡ›‘—ƒ”‡Ž‹‡Ž›–‘„‡  ƒ –‹‘†‡”‹˜‡†ˆ”‘–Š‡‘•–ƒ’’”‘’”‹ƒ–‡ „‡––‡”‘ơǢ–Š‘—‰Š–Š‡”‡™‹ŽŽ„‡‘ ƒ•‹‘•™Š‡  •‘—” ‡‹–‡”•‘ˆ›‘—”Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽǫ ›‘—̽ŽŽ‡‡†‘‡›‡š–‡”ƒŽ–‘›‘—”™Š‘Ž‡‹‘”†‡” Ȉ 7&''$/5($%)6$/5($(+(*26$"*$3"+(6$&.$/"$9($#.(8$ ˆ‘”›‘—–‘‘˜‡ˆ‘”™ƒ”†Ǥ $ '()8$6"#$/"%)*8$6"#*$5"'&./&02")'Z Š‡–Š‡‘‡›–‘„‡‹˜‡•–‡†‹•†‡”‹˜‡†ˆ”‘ ‹–Š–Š‹•–‡•–‹‰“—‡•–‹‘›‘— ‘•‹†‡”„‘–Š ƒ‘—–•‹†‡•‘—” ‡ǡ›‘—‡‡†–‘„‡™ƒ”›‘ˆƒ› ‡‡”‰›ƒ†‘‡›„‡ ƒ—•‡ƒ›ƒ –‹‘›‘—̽”‡ •–”‹‰•ƒ––ƒ Š‡†–‘‹–Ǥ‘‡›ˆ”‘ƒ„ƒ‘” ‘–‡’Žƒ–‹‰™‹ŽŽ”‡“—‹”‡‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡•‡‘”„‘–ŠǤ "/5(*$'(+8&+2$&+./&/#/&"+$5).$&+/(*(./$).."0&)/(8$ ™‹–Š‹–ǡƒ†‹‘•– ƒ•‡•–Šƒ–‹–‡”‡•–‹• 75(+$&/$0"3(.$/"$‡‡”‰›•‘—” ‡$)+8$'""M&+2$)/$ 0"3B"#+8$&+/(*(./;$C:/(*+)'$3"+(6$0)+$)'."$ –Š‡†‡ ‹•‹‘‘”ƒ –‹‘›‘—ǯ”‡ ‘•‹†‡”‹‰–ƒ‹‰ǡ „‡†‡”‹˜‡†ˆ”‘‰‘˜‡”‡–’”‘‰”ƒ•ǡ•— Š ›‘—™ƒ––‘ˆƒ˜‘””‡‡™ƒ„Ž‡‘”‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽŽ› ƒ••—„•‹†‹‡•ƒ†‰”ƒ–•Ǥ†ƒ‰‡”–‘”‡ ‡‹˜‹‰ /("$4"•‘—” ‡•‘ˆ‡‡”‰›ƒ†ƒ˜‘‹†‘”‡‡™ƒ„Ž‡ –Š‡•‡ˆ—†•‹•–Šƒ–‘˜‡”–‹‡›‘— ƒ„‡ ‘‡ ‘”‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽŽ›†ƒƒ‰‹‰•‘—” ‡•‘ˆ‡‡”‰›Ǥ †‡’‡†‡–‘–Šƒ–•‘—” ‡‘ˆ‘‡›ǡƒ†™Š‡ –‡”•‘ˆƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„‹Ž‹–›ǡ‡‡”‰›•‘—” ‡•ˆƒŽŽ‹–‘ ‹–‹••—††‡Ž› —–‘ơ‘”™‹–Š†”ƒ™ǡ‹– ƒ‡†‹ /%"$0)/(2"*&(.,$/5".($/5)/$)*($)9#+8)+/$"*$ Ƥƒ ‹ƒŽ†‹•ƒ•–‡”Ǥ —Ž‹‹–‡†ǡƒ†–Š‘•‡–Šƒ–ƒ”‡Ž‹‹–‡†‹•—’’Ž›Ǥ ‘Žƒ”‡‡”‰›–Šƒ–̽•—•‡†–‘‰”‘™–Š‡ˆƒ”‡”̽• –Š‡•‡ ‘†’ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‡‡‡”‰›ƒ†‘‡›—•‡ ”‘’•‹•—Ž‹‹–‡†ƒ†˜‹”–—ƒŽŽ›‹‡šŠƒ—•–‹„Ž‡Ǣ –‡•–6"#$)*($'""M&+2$)/$/5($%)6$(+(*26$)+8$3"+(6$ Š‘™‡˜‡”–Š‡‰ƒ•‘”‘–Š‡”’‡–”‘Ž‡—Ǧ„ƒ•‡†ˆ—‡Ž• )*($#.(8$)+8$%5(/5(*$"*$+"/$/5(&*$#.($/)M(.$6"#$ –Šƒ–ƒ”‡—•‡†–‘ˆ—‡Ž–Š‡ˆƒ”ƒ Š‹‡”›ƒ”‡‘–Ǥ ‹–Š‡†‹”‡ –‹‘‘ˆ›‘—”Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽǤ‡”‰› ƒ†‘‡›–Šƒ–ƒ”‡—•‡†–‘„—‹Ž†‹ˆ”ƒ•–”— –—”‡

36 HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 2 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 ȋ„—‹Ž†‹‰•ǡƒ Š‹‡”›ǡˆ‡ ‹‰ǡ–”ƒ•’‘”–ǡ ’—”•—‹–‘ˆ̾’”‘‰”‡••ǡ̾‘“—‡•–‹‘ ƒ””‹‡• –”ƒ‹‡†•–ƒơǡƒ•’‡ ‹Ƥ ‘™Ž‡†‰‡„ƒ•‡ǡ‡– ǤȌƒ”‡ ‘”‡™‡‹‰Š––Šƒ–Š‹•‘‡Ǥƒ –‹‘‘”†‡ ‹•‹‘ ’”‡ˆ‡”ƒ„Ž‡ǡƒ•ƒ”‡—•‡•ˆ‘”ƒ‘‡Ǧ–‹‡‹˜‡•–‡– ƒ›Šƒ˜‡’ƒ••‡†ƒŽŽ‘–Š‡”–‡•–•ǡ„—–›‘—ƒ› –Šƒ–™‹ŽŽ•—•–ƒ‹‹–•‡ŽˆǤŠƒ–›‘—™ƒ––‘ƒ˜‘‹† Š‘‘•‡‘––‘†‘‹–„‡ ƒ—•‡‹–Œ—•–†‘‡•ǯ–ˆ‡‡Ž ƒ”‡—•‡•–Šƒ–Šƒ˜‡‘Žƒ•–‹‰‡ơ‡ –ǡ‘”–Šƒ–Ž‡ˆ– ”‹‰Š–Ǥ”ǡ–Š‡‘’’‘•‹–‡ ‘—Ž†‘ —”ƒ†ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š #+3"+&/"*(8$0)+$9(0"3($.55$6)$#($9(0)#.($/5(6$ –Š‡†‡ ‹•‹‘Ȁƒ –‹‘†‹†‘–’ƒ••–Š‡ƒŒ‘”‹–› ’—–›‘—ƒ–”‹•‘ˆ„‡ ‘‹‰†‡’‡†‡–‘–Š‡Ǥ ‘ˆ–Š‡•‡˜‡–‡•–‹‰“—‡•–‹‘•–Šƒ–ƒ’’Ž‹‡†ǡ ›‘—•–‹ŽŽˆ‡‡Ž‹–‹•–Š‡”‹‰Š––Š‹‰–‘†‘ǤŠƒ–ǯ• &3B"*/)+/$&+$/5&.$')//(*$.&/#)/&"+$&.$/5)/$9(0)#.($ %3%&*$+*;$#$&2 ‘ˆ–Š‡“—‡•–‹‘•›‘—Šƒ˜‡ƒ•‡†ǡƒ†ƒŽŽ›‘—‘™ ‘™ǡ›‘— ƒ™‘”–‘‹–‹‰ƒ–‡ƒ–Ž‡ƒ•–•‘‡‹ˆ Š›‹•‹–‹’‘”–ƒ–ǫ-('B.$6"#$M((B$&+$3&+8$ ‘–ƒŽŽ‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘•‡“—‡ ‡•Ǥ‘— ƒƒŽ•‘„‡––‡” –Š‡Ž‘‰Ǧ–‡” ‘•‡“—‡ ‡•‘ˆ›‘—”ƒ –‹‘•‹ ‹†‡–‹ˆ›™Šƒ––‘‘‹–‘”ǤŠ‹•–‡•–ƒ••–Š‡ –Š‡ ‘–‡š–‘ˆ›‘—”Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽǤ “—‡•–‹‘ǡ͂‘•‹†‡”‹‰ƒŽŽ–Š‡“—‡•–‹‘•ƒ†›‘—” Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽǡŠ‘™†‘›‘—ˆ‡‡Žƒ„‘—––Š‹•ƒ –‹‘‘” The sustainability test asks you to answer the †‡ ‹•‹‘‘™ǫ͂ question: If you take this action will it lead toward or away from the future resource Š‡•‘ ‹‡–›ƒ† —Ž–—”‡–‡•–‹‰“—‡•–‹‘ǡ base described in your holisticgoal? ‘”‡–Šƒƒ›‘–Š‡”ǡ ƒ„‡†‘‡‘Ž›„›–Š‡ †‡ ‹•‹‘ƒ‡”•™Š‘ˆ‘”‡†ƒ†Šƒ˜‡‘™‡”•Š‹’ Š‹•“—‡•–‹‘Š‡Ž’•›‘—‡‡’‹‹†–Š‡Ž‘‰Ǧ ‹ƒ Š‹‡˜‹‰–Š‡Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽǤ‘—ƒ”‡‘™ –‡” ‘•‡“—‡ ‡•‘ˆ›‘—”ƒ –‹‘•ƒ†„‡Šƒ˜‹‘”ǡ 0"+.&8(*&+2$/5($8(0&.&"+$9).(8$"+$6"#*$"%+$ ƒ†‹•‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡ˆ‡™–‡•–•–Šƒ–ƒ••›‘—–‘ˆ‘ —• —Ž–—”ƒŽƒ†•‘ ‹ƒŽ˜ƒŽ—‡•ƒ†–”ƒ†‹–‹‘•Ǥ ‘ƒ•’‡ ‹Ƥ ƒ•’‡ –‘ˆ›‘—”Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽǤ ‡˜‡”› †‡ ‹•‹‘–Š‡”‡‹•–Š‡’‘–‡–‹ƒŽ‘ˆ‹ƪ—‡ ‹‰‘‡ ‘”‘”‡‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ•’‡ –•›‘—ǯ˜‡Ž‹•–‡†‹›‘—”ˆ—–—”‡ ”‡•‘—” ‡„ƒ•‡†‡• ”‹’–‹‘‹ Ž—†‹‰–Š‡’‡‘’Ž‡ǡ Cause & Effect Žƒ†ǡƒ† ‘—‹–›Ǥ Weak Link Tests Š‡•—•–ƒ‹ƒ„‹Ž‹–›–‡•–‹•‹•–•–Šƒ–›‘—Ž‘‘ƒ– ™Šƒ–›‘—Šƒ˜‡•ƒ‹†—•–„‡‹’Žƒ ‡ˆƒ”‹–‘–Š‡ Social, Biological, Financial ˆ—–—”‡–‘•—•–ƒ‹–Š‹•™Š‘Ž‡—†‡”ƒƒ‰‡‡–ǡ Marginal Reaction ƒ†–Š‹ƒ„‘—–™Š‡–Š‡”–Š‹•†‡ ‹•‹‘Ȁƒ –‹‘™‹ŽŽ ‘˜‡›‘—‹–Š‡†‹”‡ –‹‘‘ˆ–Šƒ–†‡• ”‹’–‹‘‘” *URVV3URÀW$QDO\VLV ƒ™ƒ›ˆ”‘‹–Ǥ Energy/Money

%"'$-&2(*+0('3#&3/- Sustainability

Š›‹•‹–‹’‘”–ƒ–ǫŠ‹•‹•–Š‡ˆ‡‡Ž‹‰ Society & Culture “—‡•–‹‘–Šƒ–’”‘ ‡••‡•ƒŽŽ–Š‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘›‘— Šƒ˜‡ƒƒŽ›œ‡†‹–Š‡‘–Š‡”•‹š–‡•–•„‡ƒ”‹‰‹ ‹†–Š‡“—ƒŽ‹–›‘ˆŽ‹ˆ‡›‘—ǯ˜‡†‡• ”‹„‡†‹›‘—” 5"'&./&02")';

Where the other tests ask what you think, the society and culture test asks how you feel about the action or decision you're running through all the other tests.$

HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 2 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 37 ƒ•–‘”†‘–Š‡‡˜‡‡•–‹‰—‡•–‹‘• ‘Ž‹•–‹  ‹ƒ ‹ƒŽŽƒǡ›‘—” ‘Ž‹•–‹  ”ƒœ‹‰ Žƒǡ‘”•‘‡‘–Š‡”’ŽƒǤ‡ˆ‘”‡›‘—ƒ –—ƒŽŽ› •‹‰–Š‡•‡˜‡–‡•–‹‰“—‡•–‹‘•™‹–Š›‘—” ‹’Ž‡‡––Š‡†‡ ‹•‹‘ǡ‹–‹•‹’‘”–ƒ––‘ Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽ‹‰Š–ˆ‡‡ŽƒŽ‹––Ž‡ƒ™™ƒ”†ƒ–Ƥ”•–ǡ 8(/(*3&+($%5)/$/5($()*'&(./$%)*+&+2$.&2+.$"*$ 9#/$%&/5$B*)0/&0($/(./&+2$%&''$9(0"3($)'3"./$ ‹†‹ ƒ–‘”•‹‰Š–„‡–Šƒ–›‘—ǯ”‡‰‘‹‰‘ơ–”ƒ Ǥ ƒ—–‘ƒ–‹ Ǥ––Š‡‡†‘ˆ–Š‹•‰—‹†‡‹•ƒ™‘”•Š‡‡– Š‡ǡ‘‹–‘”–Š‘•‡‹†‹ ƒ–‘”• ƒ”‡ˆ—ŽŽ›ǡƒ† ›‘— ƒ—•‡–‘–‡•–†‡ ‹•‹‘•Ǥ‘‡’‡‘’Ž‡Ƥ†‹– ƒ•›‘—‹’Ž‡‡––Š‡†‡ ‹•‹‘ǡ–ƒ‡ƒ –‹‘ ™‘”–Š™Š‹Ž‡–‘ ”‡ƒ–‡–Š‡‹”‘™ˆ‘”ƒ–ˆ‘”ƒ•‹‰ “—‹ Ž›‹ˆ–Š‹‰••–ƒ”––‘‰‘™”‘‰Ǥ‘—†‘–Š‹• –Š‡•‡˜‡–‡•–‹‰“—‡•–‹‘•Ǥ‹–Š’”ƒ –‹ ‡ǡ–Š‡•‡ „› ‘•‹†‡”‹‰ƒ›—‹–‡†‡† ‘•‡“—‡ ‡• “—‡•–‹‘•™‹ŽŽ„‡ ‘‡ƒ‹–‡‰”ƒŽ’ƒ”–‘ˆ›‘—” –Šƒ–ƒ›ƒ”‹•‡ˆ”‘›‘—”ƒ –‹‘•ǡ”‡ ‘‰‹œ‹‰–Š‡ 8(0&.&"+R3)M&+2$B*"0(..$)+8$5('B$6"#$0*()/($/5($ ‘’Ž‡š‹–›‘ˆƒŽŽŽ‹˜‹‰•›•–‡•Ǥ *(.#'/.$6"#$%)+/; ˆ›‘—”†‡ ‹•‹‘‹˜‘Ž˜‡•–Š‡Žƒ†ȋˆ‘”‡šƒ’Ž‡ǡ Ž–‹ƒ–‡Ž›–Š‡”‡‹•‘–›”ƒ›‹–‡•–‹‰ ‘–”‘ŽŽ‹‰ƒ‹•‡ –’‡•–Ȍǡ‹–‹•‡˜‡‘”‡ „‡ ƒ—•‡–Š‡“—‡•–‹‘•‡”‡Ž›•—’’‘”–›‘—‹ ”‹–‹ ƒŽ–‘†‡˜‡Ž‘’‘‹–‘”‹‰ ”‹–‡”‹ƒ„‡ ƒ—•‡‘ˆ 6"#*$8(0&.&"+R3)M&+2$B*"0(..;$!"#$3)6$8(0&8($ ƒ–—”‡ǯ• ‘’Ž‡š‹–›Ǥ ˆƒ –ǡ•‘‡’‡‘’Ž‡•—‰‰‡•– /"$&3B'(3(+/$)$8(0&.&"+$/5)/$3(*('6$)88*(..(.$ ‹–‹•„‡•––‘Œ—•–ƒ••—‡›‘—̽”‡™”‘‰ƒ†‘‹–‘” )$.63B/"3$9(0)#.($6"#$+((8$/"$P./"B$/5($ –Š‡‡ƒ”Ž›™ƒ”‹‰‹†‹ ƒ–‘”• Ž‘•‡Ž›ˆ‘”–Š‡Ƥ”•– „Ž‡‡†‹‰dzƒ†–ƒ‡•‘‡•‘”–‘ˆ‹‡†‹ƒ–‡ •‹‰•–Šƒ–›‘—”’Žƒ‹•‘ơ–”ƒ Ǥ ƒ –‹‘Ǥ—–™Š‹Ž‡†‘‹‰•‘›‘—‘™–Š‡”‡•—Ž–•‘ˆ /5($8(0&.&"+$%&''$9($/(3B"*)*6$)+8$%"+T/$'()8$6"#$ ˆ›‘—Ƥ†›‘—̽”‡Š‡ƒ†‡†•‘‡’Žƒ ‡›‘—†‹†̽– /"%)*8.$6"#*$5"'&./&02")';$!"#$)/$'()./$M+"%$/5)/$ ™ƒ––‘‰‘ǡ›‘— ƒ‡‹–Š‡”ƒ†Œ—•–ȋ ‘–”‘ŽȌ›‘—” /5($8(0&.&"+$&.$+"/$&+$'&+($%&/5$%5)/$6"#$5"B($/"$ ’Žƒ‘””‡Ǧ’Žƒ‡–‹”‡Ž›Ǥ‘—̽”‡‘–‘‹–‘”‹‰–‘ ƒ Š‹‡˜‡‹–Š‡Ž‘‰”—ƒ†–Šƒ–‡˜‡–—ƒŽŽ››‘— •‡‡™Šƒ–Šƒ’’‡•Ǣ›‘—ƒ”‡‘‹–‘”‹‰–‘ƒ‡ ƒ”‡‰‘‹‰–‘Šƒ˜‡–‘†‘•‘‡–Š‹‰ƒ„‘—–‹–Ǥ 5)BB(+$%5)/$6"#$%)+/$/"$5)BB(+O/"$9*&+2$ )9"#/$/5($8(.&*(8$05)+2(.$&+$'&+($%&/5$6"#*$ !"#$3)6$)'."$05"".($/"$&3B'(3(+/$)$8(0&.&"+$ 5"'&./&02")';$N+$/5&.$*(2)*8$/5($%"*8$B')+$&. ‡˜‡–Š‘—‰Š‹–ˆƒ‹Ž‡†–‘’ƒ••ƒŽŽ„—––Š‡•‘ ‹‡–› )0/#)''6$)$I

’”‘˜‡–‘„‡–Š‡™”‘‰–Š‹‰–‘†‘ǤŠ‹•‹•™Š›–Š‡ ˆ‡‡†„ƒ Ž‘‘’ƒ†‘‹–‘”‹‰›‘—”†‡ ‹•‹‘•‹• © 1. Plan 0*&/&0)'; (assume wrong) ©

)"+$&"/$+,(2"3/(0-'$%$"+% 4. Replan 2. Monitor

Š›‹•‹–‹’‘”–ƒ–ǫ$!"#$3#./$3"+&/"*$/"$ © ’”‘†— ‡–Š‡”‡•—Ž–›‘—†‡•‹”‡ǡ‘––‘•‡‡™Šƒ– Šƒ’’‡•ǤŠ‡ˆ‡‡†„ƒ Ž‘‘’‹•‡••‡–‹ƒŽ–‘ 3. Control © ”‡ƒ–‹‰ƒ”‡•’‘•‹˜‡’ŽƒǤ

 ‡›‘—Šƒ˜‡ƒ†‡ƒ†‡ ‹•‹‘‘”Šƒ˜‡†‡ ‹†‡† ‘ƒƒ –‹‘›‘—ǯŽŽ’”‘ ‡‡†™‹–Š–Šƒ– ‘—”•‡‘ˆ ƒ –‹‘ǤŠ‡†‡ ‹•‹‘ƒ›‡˜‡„‡’ƒ”–‘ˆ›‘—”

38 HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 2 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 !-#.53#(!$+&%(5"/(3%$+,(&!-( +-8&(%&-.% %-4-+(&-%&$+,(B3-%&$"+% ‡ƒ”„›‘‹‰ All actions must be tested toward your holisticgoal. Be aware of any tendency to ‘™–Šƒ–›‘——†‡”•–ƒ†–Š‡„ƒ•‹ •–‡’•‘ˆ–Š‡ revert to prior ways and means for taking ‘Ž‹•–‹ ƒƒ‰‡‡–͂†‡ ‹•‹‘ƒ‹‰’”‘ ‡••ǡ 6"#$0)+$9(2&+$/"$#.($&/$&+$)''$6"#*$8(0&.&"+R action and forgetting to use the aspects of ƒ‹‰ƒ†ƒƒ‰‡‡–Ǥ––Š‡‡†‘ˆ–Š‹• this framework that enhance your decision •‡ –‹‘ƒ”‡™‘”•Š‡‡–•ˆ‘”›‘—–‘ƤŽŽ‘—–™‹–Š making, especially during a crisis or 6"#*$%5"'($#+8(*$3)+)2(3(+/$)+8$6"#*$ situation that is stressful. Take actions to 5"'&./&02")'; deal with the emergency, but test all actions toward your holisticgoal, not toward the present problem.

When you're dealing with a problem, go to  WKHFDXVHDQGHIIHFWWHVWÀUVW,IDQDFWLRQ doesn't address the underlying cause of the problem, you will not solve it. Realizing this will help you to be more creative in moving forward.

 7KHJURVVSURÀWDQDO\VLVDSSOLHVRQO\ZKHQ two or more enterprises are being compared. The marginal reaction test applies only when two or more actions are being compared.

The weak link test applies in three different  FRQWH[WVVRFLDOELRORJLFDODQGÀQDQFLDO  /RRNIRUWKHÀQDQFLDOZHDNOLQN LQWKH chain of production) when engaged in Holistic Financial Planning, then test subsequent decisions in light of that weak link. Consider a biological weak link only when an action is taken to increase or decrease a population of organisms. Look for a social weak link any time an action is contemplated that could affect people whose support you will need.

The society and culture test is based on the picture that emerges after passing through all other tests that apply, and thus is asked last.

HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 2 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 39 B3-%&$"+%(5"/(0--.-/(&!"3,!&

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40 HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 2 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 6"/1%!--&(5"/(0-5$+$+,(2"3/(6!"#-(3+0-/()*+*,-)-+&

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HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 2 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 41 6"/1%!--&(5"/(6/$&$+,(2"3/(!"#$%&$',"*#

Š‡”‡ƒ”‡–Š”‡‡‡›’ƒ”–•‘ˆƒŠ‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽǣ“—ƒŽ‹–›‘ˆŽ‹ˆ‡ǡˆ‘”•‘ˆ’”‘†— –‹‘ǡƒ†ˆ—–—”‡”‡•‘—” ‡„ƒ•‡ ȋ†‡• ”‹„‡†„‡Ž‘™ǤȌ‡›’‘‹–•–‘ ‘•‹†‡”‹™”‹–‹‰›‘—”Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽǣ Ȉ Š‡Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽ‹•‰‡‡”ƒŽŽ›™”‹––‡‹–Š‡ƒ„‘˜‡‘”†‡”„‡ ƒ—•‡‡ƒ Š ‘’‘‡–„—‹Ž†•‘–Š‡  ’”‡˜‹‘—•‘‡Ǥ Ȉ –‹•ƒŽ•‘˜‡”›‹’‘”–ƒ––Šƒ–›‘—Šƒ˜‡†‡Ƥ‡†–Š‡™Š‘Ž‡›‘—ƒ”‡ƒƒ‰‹‰Ǣ‹’ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ”ǡ–Šƒ–›‘—ǯ˜‡  ‹†‡–‹Ƥ‡†™Š‘–Š‡ Š‹‡ˆ†‡ ‹•‹‘ƒ‡”•ƒ”‡ǤŠ‡›—•–„‡‹˜‘Ž˜‡†‹ ”‡ƒ–‹‰›‘—”Š‘Ž‹•–‹ ‰‘ƒŽǤ

—ƒŽ‹–›‘ˆ‹ˆ‡ǣ„ƒ•‹ ƒŽŽ›ƒ••–Š‡“—‡•–‹‘ǡ̾ ‘™†‘ ™ƒ–›Ž‹ˆ‡–‘„‡ǫ̾ Ȉ – ‘‡ –•–‘‘—”˜ƒŽ—‡••›•–‡•Ȅ™Š›ƒ”‡™‡†‘‹‰™Šƒ–™‡̽”‡†‘‹‰ǫŠƒ–‘–‹˜ƒ–‡•—•ǫ Ȉ —ƒŽ‹–›‘ˆŽ‹ˆ‡•–ƒ–‡‡–•ƒ”‡—•—ƒŽŽ›™”‹––‡‹–Š‡’”‡•‡––‡•‡ǣ̾‡ƒ”‡ǡ™‡˜ƒŽ—‡ǡ™‡™ƒ–̾˜‡”•—•ǡ  ̾™‡™‹ŽŽǡ™‡Š‘’‡Ǥ̾

‘”•‘ˆ”‘†— –‹‘ǣ‘ ‡›‘—ǯ˜‡‹†‡–‹Ƥ‡†–Š‡“—ƒŽ‹–›‘ˆŽ‹ˆ‡›‘—™ƒ––‘ Šƒ˜‡ǡ›‘—‡‡†–‘†‡–‡”‹‡ ™Šƒ–›‘—ƒ”‡™‹ŽŽ‹‰–‘ ‘‹––‘†‘‹‰–‘ ”‡ƒ–‡–Š‡“—ƒŽ‹–›‘ˆŽ‹ˆ‡›‘—Œ—•–†‡• ”‹„‡†Ǥ Ȉ Š‡“—‡•–‹‘Š‡”‡‹ Ž—†‡•ǣ̾Šƒ–†‘ Šƒ˜‡–‘’”‘†— ‡–‘Ž‹˜‡ƒŽ‹ˆ‡Ž‹‡–Šƒ–ǫ̾ Ȉ ‡‡”ƒŽŽ›•’‡ƒ‹‰ǡˆ‘”‡ƒ Š“—ƒŽ‹–›‘ˆŽ‹ˆ‡•–ƒ–‡‡–™”‹––‡ǡ–Š‡”‡‹•ƒ ‘””‡•’‘†‹‰ˆ‘”‘ˆ $ B*"8#0/&"+;

—–—”‡‡•‘—” ‡ƒ•‡ǣŠ‡ˆ—–—”‡”‡•‘—” ‡„ƒ•‡ƒ••›‘—–‘–Š‹ƒ„‘—–™Šƒ–‡‡†•–‘„‡‹’Žƒ ‡–‘ •—•–ƒ‹–Š‡ˆ‘”•‘ˆ’”‘†— –‹‘ˆƒ”‹–‘–Š‡ˆ—–—”‡Ǥƒ‡ƒŽ‘‘ƒ––Š‡”‡•‘—” ‡„ƒ•‡›‘—†‡• ”‹„‡†™Š‡ ›‘—†‡Ƥ‡†›‘—”™Š‘Ž‡Ȅ’‡‘’Ž‡ǡŽƒ†ǡ‘‡›Ǥ  ͝Ǥ ‘™›‘—Šƒ˜‡–‘„‡Šƒ˜‡Ǥ†‡• ”‹’–‹‘‘ˆŠ‘™›‘——•–„‡Šƒ˜‡‹ˆ–Š‡’‡‘’Ž‡‹›‘—””‡•‘—” ‡„ƒ•‡   ȋ —•–‘‡”•‘” Ž‹‡–•ǡ–Š‡’‡‘’Ž‡‹–Š‡ ‘—‹–›ǡ‡– ǤȌƒ”‡–‘ ‘–‹—‡–‘•—’’‘”–›‘—Ǥ  ͞Ǥ Š‡ˆ—–—”‡Žƒ†• ƒ’‡Ǥ†‡• ”‹’–‹‘‘ˆŠ‘™–Š‡Žƒ†‹›‘—””‡•‘—” ‡„ƒ•‡—•–„‡‹–Š‡ˆ—–—”‡–‘   •—•–ƒ‹™Šƒ–›‘—’”‘†— ‡Ǥ ˆ›‘—ƒ”‡ƒƒ‰‹‰Žƒ†ǡ†‡• ”‹„‡Š‘™–Š‡‡ ‘•›•–‡’”‘ ‡••‡•—•–   ˆ— –‹‘–‘ ”‡ƒ–‡–Šƒ–ˆ—–—”‡Žƒ†• ƒ’‡Ǥ  ͟Ǥ Š‡ˆ—–—”‡ ‘—‹–›Ǥ†‡• ”‹’–‹‘‘ˆ›‘—” ‘—‹–›ƒ†–Š‡•‡”˜‹ ‡•–Šƒ–—•–„‡ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡   ȋ• Š‘‘Ž•ǡ‡†‹ ƒŽˆƒ ‹Ž‹–‹‡•ǡ•–ƒ„Ž‡„—•‹‡••‡•ǡ‡– ǤȌ–‘•—•–ƒ‹›‘—”ˆ‘”•‘ˆ’”‘†— –‹‘™‡ŽŽ‹–‘   –Š‡ˆ—–—”‡Ǥ

42 HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 2 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 ǣ   

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6 HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 3 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 D"1.$')+8$0)+)7(*1$4+"%$.2($)/(*)7($*)&+H)''$ Effective precipitation is that which soaks .2(&*$')+8$*(6(&/(1$)+8$0)+)7($)66"*8&+7'3;$ ˆ‘”–—ƒ–‡Ž›ǡ”ƒ‹ ƒˆƒŽŽ‹Š‹‰Š‡”ƒ†Ž‘™‡” into the soil and becomes available to ƒ‘—–•–Šƒƒ˜‡”ƒ‰‡ƒ†ǡ‡•’‡ ‹ƒŽŽ›‹ƒ„”‹––Ž‡ plant roots, insects and microorganisms, ‡˜‹”‘‡–ǡ ƒ„‡†‹•–”‹„—–‡†‡””ƒ–‹ ƒŽŽ›Ǥ or replenishes underground supplies with ‡ơ‡ –‹˜‡™ƒ–‡” › Ž‡–‡†•–‘‡˜‡‘—––Š‡•‡ very little, subsequently evaporating from ‹„ƒŽƒ ‡•„‡ ƒ—•‡™Š‡Žƒ†‹•Š‡ƒŽ–Š›–Š‡”ƒ‹ the soil surface. –Šƒ–†‘‡•ˆƒŽŽ ƒ„‡—•‡†— Š‘”‡‡ƥ ‹‡–Ž›Ǥ ơ‡ –‹˜‡”ƒ‹ˆƒŽŽ•‘ƒ•‹ƒ†‹•ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡–‘’Žƒ– ”‘‘–•ǡ‹•‡ –•ƒ†‹ ”‘‘”‰ƒ‹••ǡƒ†‡˜‡ Š‡›‘—Šƒ˜‡ƒ‡ơ‡ –‹˜‡™ƒ–‡” › Ž‡ǡƪ‘‘†• *(5'(+&12(1$#+8(*7*"#+8$%).(*$1#55'&(1;$^(*3$ ƒ††”‘—‰Š–•„‡ ‘‡ˆ‡™‡”ƒ†Ž‡•••‡˜‡”‡ǡ Ž‹––Ž‡”—•‘ơ‘”‡˜ƒ’‘”ƒ–‡•‘ơ–Š‡•‘‹Ž•—”ˆƒ ‡Ǥ ‡˜‡™Š‡”‡”ƒ‹ˆƒŽŽ‹•˜‡”›‡””ƒ–‹ ǤŠ‡ƪ‘‘†• –Šƒ–†‘‘ —”Ȅƒ•‘ˆ–‡Šƒ’’‡•™‹–Š˜‡”›Š‹‰Š ”ƒ‹ˆƒŽŽ›‡ƒ”•‘””ƒ’‹†•‘™‡Ž–Ȅ–‡†–‘”‹•‡ ‘™‘”‡ƒ–‡ơ‡ –‹˜‡ƒ–‡”› Ž‡ ‘”‡‰”ƒ†—ƒŽŽ›ƒ†•—„•‹†‡‘”‡•Ž‘™Ž›ǤŠ‡ ƪ‘‘†™ƒ–‡”•–‡†–‘„‡ Ž‡ƒ”„‡ ƒ—•‡–Š‡› ƒ””› ‘‡–‡”–Š‡•‘‹Žǡ™ƒ–‡”—•–Ƥ”•–’‡‡–”ƒ–‡–Š‡ ˆƒ”Ž‡•••‘‹Žƒ††‡„”‹•Ǥ •‘‹Ž•—”ˆƒ ‡ȄŠ‘™†‡‡’™‹ŽŽ†‡’‡†‘–Š‡”ƒ–‡ƒ– %2&62$&.$&1$)55'&(8$)+8$.2($5"*"1&.3$"H$.2($1"&' Š‡‡ơ‡ –•‘ˆ†”‘—‰Š–•–Šƒ–†‘‘ —”Ȅƒ• •—”ˆƒ ‡Ǥƒƒ‰‡‡––‘‘Ž•–Šƒ–„”‡ƒ—’ƒ .2(3$%&''$%2(+$.2(*($&1$'&..'($"*$+"$*)&+H)''$ 6)55(8$1"&'$1#*H)6($"*$&+6*()1($.2($1"&'_1$"*7)+&6$ ‹–Š‡‰”‘™‹‰•‡ƒ•‘Ȅƒ”‡ˆƒ”Ž‡•••‡˜‡”‡ 0)..(*$15((8$#5$5(+(.*).&"+;$=""'1$.2).$6*().($)$ „‡ ƒ—•‡‘‹•–—”‡”‡ ‡‹˜‡††—”‹‰–Š‡†”‘—‰Š– •—”ˆƒ ‡–Šƒ–•Ž‘™•–Š‡ƪ‘™‘ˆ™ƒ–‡”ǡ™Š‹ ŠƒŽŽ‘™• 5(+(.*).(1$.2($1"&'$0"*($*()8&'3$)+8$&1$*(.)&+(8$ ‘”‡–‘•‘ƒ‹„‡ˆ‘”‡”—‹‰‘ơǤ ƒ†—•‡†ˆ‘”ƒŽ‘‰‡”’‡”‹‘†‘ˆ–‹‡Ǥ ‰‡‡”ƒŽǡ ƒ‡ơ‡ –‹˜‡™ƒ–‡” › Ž‡™‹ŽŽ‡•—”‡–Šƒ–ˆƒ” ‘”‡–Šƒƒ›‘–Š‡”•‹‰Ž‡ˆƒ –‘”ǡƒ‡ơ‡ –‹˜‡ ‘”‡™ƒ–‡”‹•ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡‘˜‡”ƒŽ‘‰‡”’‡”‹‘†‘ˆ ™ƒ–‡” › Ž‡”‡“—‹”‡•ƒƒ‰‡‡––Šƒ–ƒ‹–ƒ‹• .&0($H"*$$5')+.$7*"%.2; (-!/•‘‹Ž ‘˜‡”ǡˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‡†„›–Š‡„—‹Ž†—’‘ˆ‘”‰ƒ‹ '+((!%*/+!%+($&"*/+"./.%+$"+0!1$ ơ‡ –‹˜‡™ƒ–‡” › Ž‡•Šƒ˜‡–Š‡ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ 62)*)6.(*&1.&61, Ȉ ‘‹Ž•—”ˆƒ ‡‹•’‡”‡ƒ„Ž‡ǡƒ†–Š‡•‘‹Ž  „‡‡ƒ–Š–Š‡•—”ˆƒ ‡‹•™‡ŽŽƒ‡”ƒ–‡†Ǥ Ȉ ƒ–‡””—‘ơƒ†‡˜ƒ’‘”ƒ–‹‘Ž‘••‡•‘ơ–Š‡ $ 1"&'$1#*H)6($)*($0&+&0&](8; Ȉ$ G((5)7($&+."$#+8(*7*"#+8$)\#&H(*1$&1$ $ (+2)+6(8; Ȉ$ =2($"*7)+&6$6"+.(+.$"H$.2($1"&'$&1$2&72; Ȉ ”ƒ•’‹”ƒ–‹‘„›’Žƒ–•‹•Š‹‰Šǡƒ†ˆƒ•–‡”  ‰”‘™–Š”ƒ–‡•ƒ”‡ƒ Š‹‡˜ƒ„Ž‡Ǥ Ȉ ”‘—‰Š–•ƒ†ƪ‘‘†•ƒ”‡Ž‡•••‡˜‡”‡Ǥ$ $ 6"/(*(8$1"&'$1#*H)6($&1$6*&.&6)'$."$6*().&+7$)+8$  ƒ‹–ƒ‹‹‰ƒ‡ơ‡ –‹˜‡™ƒ–‡” › Ž‡Ǥ

ƒ’’‡†„ƒ”‡•‘‹Ž‹ƒ–ƒ‰‘‹ƒǡ”‰‡–‹ƒǤŠ‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ„Ž‡$ )+8$16)*6($5*(6(&5&.).&"+$%&''$\#&64'3$(/)5"*).($$ ˆ”‘–Š‡•—”ˆƒ ‡‘””—Ǧ‘ơǤ

HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 3 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 7 ‘Ǧ‡ơ‡ –‹˜‡ƒ–‡”› Ž‡• P72+,*(0+%,(%/+B%*0%32,25.*0*01% Š‡›‘—Šƒ˜‡ƒ‘Ǧ‡ơ‡ –‹˜‡™ƒ–‡” › Ž‡ǡ ,'2%'2/),'%(4%,'2%E/,25%-C-)2% 8*"#72.1$"66#*$0"*($H*(\#(+.'3$)+8$)*($0#62$ (0%C(75%)/03 ‘”‡•‡˜‡”‡„‡ ƒ—•‡•‘— Š™ƒ–‡”‹•Ž‘•––‘ $ In most of your grassland, how wide is the ‡˜ƒ’‘”ƒ–‹‘‘””—‘ơǤ ‘‘†’Žƒ–‰”‘™–Š‘ —”•ǡ „—–‘Ž›‹•Š‘”–„—”•–•ǡ‘ˆ–‡ƒˆ‡™†ƒ›•ƒˆ–‡” plant spacing? ƒ”ƒ‹Ǥ‘‘ƒˆ–‡”–Š‹•‰”‘™–Š•’—”–ǡ–Š‡’Žƒ–• As you look down between plants, how „‡‰‹–‘™‹Ž–ƒ†ƒ›‰”‘™–Š‹•ŠƒŽ–‡†—–‹Ž–Š‡ would you describe most of the soil +([.$*)&+H)'';$R')+.1$1.)*.$7*"%&+7$').(*$&+$)$+(%$ 1()1"+$1&+6($0"&1.#*($H*"0$.2($5*(/&"#1$1()1"+$ surface? Šƒ•‘–„‡‡•–‘”‡†‹–Š‡•‘‹ŽǤƒ‰‡Žƒ†•ƒ† Covered with litter, or bare and ’ƒ•–—”‡•’”‘†— ‡ˆƒ”Ž‡••ˆ‘”ƒ‰‡ƒ†‘ ”‘’Žƒ†•ǡ exposed to rain and sun? ”‘’›‹‡Ž†•ƒ”‡— ŠŽ‡••–Šƒ–Š‡› ‘—Ž†„‡Ǥ

Capped, sealed and impervious, or Š‡”ƒ‹ˆƒŽŽ‹•Š‹‰Š‘”•‘™‡Ž–•”ƒ’‹†Ž›ǡ broken and porous? ƪ‘‘†•‘ˆ–‡‘ —”Ǣ„—–™Š‡›‘—Šƒ˜‡ƒ‘Ǧ ‡ơ‡ –‹˜‡™ƒ–‡” › Ž‡ǡ–Š‡›ƒ”‡— Š‘”‡•‡˜‡”‡Ǥ As you look between plants on slopes do =2&1$&1$5)*.&6#')*'3$.*#($%2(+$.2(*($)*($')*7($)*()1$ you see little dams made of litter that has ‘ˆŽƒ†™Š‡”‡–Š‡‰”‘—†‹•„ƒ”‡ǤŠ‡‰”‡ƒ–‡”–Š‡ caught on plants and is leading to silt ƒ‘—–‘ˆ„ƒ”‡‰”‘—†ǡ–Š‡Š‹‰Š‡”–Š‡”ƒ–‡‘ˆ deposits behind each dam? ™ƒ–‡””—‘ơǤƒ”‡•‘‹Ž ƒ•Š‡†‘”‡–ŠƒŠƒŽˆ –Š‡™ƒ–‡”ˆƒŽŽ‹‰‘‹–Ȅ–Šƒ–̽•ƒŽ‘–‘ˆ™ƒ–‡”–Šƒ– Do you see obvious signs of water ‘—Ž†„‡ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ˆ‘”Š—ƒƒ†ƒ‰”‹ —Ž–—”ƒŽ movement across the surface? 5#*5"1(1;

Do you see signs of either xerophytic “—ƒŽŽ›ƒŽƒ”‹‰ǡ‘”‡˜‡‘”‡•‘ǡ‹•–Š‡ƒ‘—– or hydrophytic plants, indicating an ‘ˆ™ƒ–‡”Ž‘•––Š”‘—‰Š‡˜ƒ’‘”ƒ–‹‘ˆ”‘ƒ„ƒ”‡•‘‹Ž imbalance between air and water in •—”ˆƒ ‡Ǥ – ƒ„‡ƒ•Š‹‰Šƒ•ͥ͜τǤˆ‘”–—ƒ–‡Ž› the soil? +".$)$'".$"H$)..(+.&"+$&1$5)&8$."$1"&'$1#*H)6($ ‡˜ƒ’‘”ƒ–‹‘ǤŠ‹•‹•’ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ”Ž›–”—‡‹„”‹––Ž‡   0RVWO\SODQWVZLWKÀQHDQGQDUURZ ‡˜‹”‘‡–•ǡ™Š‡”‡ƒ•‹‰‹Ƥ ƒ–ƒ‘—–‹•„ƒ”‡ leaves or other signs of moisture „‡–™‡‡’Žƒ–•Ǥ conservation? X(7)*8'(11$"H$%2(*($.2($(+/&*"+0(+.$&1$"+$.2($ Prevalence of microperennial grasses „”‹––Ž‡‡••• ƒŽ‡ǡƒ‘‡ơ‡ –‹˜‡™ƒ–‡” › Ž‡Šƒ• and or sedges in the grassland? .2($H"''"%&+7$62)*)6.(*&1.&61, Ȉ ‘‹Ž•—”ˆƒ ‡‹•‡š’‘•‡†ǡ•‡ƒŽ‡†ǡ‘” ƒ’’‡†ǡƒ† Prevalence of plants with thick cuticles  –Š‡•‘‹Ž„‡‡ƒ–Š–Š‡•—”ˆƒ ‡‹•‘”‡ (skin) like cacti?  ‘’ƒ –‡†Ǣ„‘–Š‰”‡ƒ–Ž›”‡†— ‡ƒ‡”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ Ȉ ƒ–‡””—‘ơ‹•Š‹‰Šƒ†‡˜ƒ’‘”ƒ–‹‘Ž‘••‡• Are most grass plants broad leafed and $ )*($/(*3$2&72$.2*"#72$([5"1(8$1"&'$1#*H)6(1; rapid growing? Ȉ$ M(6*()1(8$%).(*$5(+(.*).&"+$)+8$&+6*()1(8$ $ '"11(1$.2*"#72$(/)5"*).&"+$H*"0$([5"1(8$ Do you notice shortly after rain that  •‘‹Ž•—”ˆƒ ‡•‹ ”‡ƒ•‡–Š‡•‡˜‡”‹–›‘ˆ†”‘—‰Š–•ǡ grass plants are dark green and  ’ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ”Ž›‹‘”‡„”‹––Ž‡‡˜‹”‘‡–•Ǥ growing rapidly or not? Ȉ$ J+8(*7*"#+8$%).(*$1#55'&(1$)*($8&0&+&12(8$  „‡ ƒ—•‡™ƒ–‡””—•‘ơ‘”‡˜ƒ’‘”ƒ–‡•ˆ”‘ $ .2($1"&'$1#*H)6($*).2(*$.2)+$1((5&+7$.2*"#72$

8 HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 3 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 $ &+."$#+8(*7*"#+8$)\#&H(*1; -;D?F

ƒ•–‘‘ƒ–ơ‡ –‹˜‡Ƭ‘‡ơ‡ –‹˜‡% E"$:#%-@>;:?

A

B

C

Effective Noneffective Water Cycle Water Cycle Low Soil surface runoff High Low Soil surface evaporation High Low Drought incidence High Low Flood incidence High High Transpiration by plants Low High Seepage to underground reservoirs Low High Effectiveness of precipitation Low

HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 3 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 9 52/3*01%,'2%)/03

Šƒ–†‘Žƒ†ƒƒ‰‡”•Ž‘‘ˆ‘”‹ƒ‡ơ‡ –‹˜‡ ‹‡”ƒŽ › Ž‡ǫ ‹”•–ƒ†ˆ‘”‡‘•–ǡ–Š‡›Ž‘‘–‘ •‡‡‹ˆ–Š‡•‘‹Ž‹• ‘˜‡”‡†‡‹–Š‡”„›Ž‹˜‹‰’Žƒ–• ‘”’Žƒ–Ž‹––‡”Ǥ „”‹––Ž‡‡˜‹”‘‡–•ǡ–Š‡›ƒ”‡ Ž‘‘‹‰ƒ––Š‡„”‡ƒ†‘™‘ˆ‘Ž†˜‡‰‡–ƒ–‹‘ƒ† †—‰Ǥ –•Š‘—Ž†„‡”ƒ’‹†Ǥ ”ƒ›‰”ƒ••Ž‡ƒ˜‡•ƒ† •–‡•‹†‹ ƒ–‡•Ž‘™„”‡ƒ†‘™ǡƒ•†‘Šƒ”†ǡ †”›†—‰’ƒ–•Ǥ ‘„”‹––Ž‡‡˜‹”‘‡–•ǡ „”‡ƒ†‘™‹•‰‡‡”ƒŽŽ›”ƒ’‹†„‡ ƒ—•‡‘ˆ–Š‡›‡ƒ”Ǧ *"#+8$5*(1(+6($"H$8(6)3&+7$"*7)+&101;$K+$(&.2(*$ ‡˜‹”‘‡–ǡŽƒ†ƒƒ‰‡”•Ž‘‘ˆ‘”ƒ‹š‘ˆ 5')+.1$%&.2$/)*3&+7$*"".$8(5.21$1"$.2).$+#.*&(+.1$ ƒ„‡„”‘—‰Š–—’ˆ”‘ƒ›Žƒ›‡”•ǣƤ„”‘—•Ǧ *"".(8$7*)11(1$)1$%(''$)1$.2($8((5(*`5(+(.*).&+7$ –ƒ’Ǧ”‘‘–‡†„”—•Šǡˆ‘”„•ƒ†–”‡‡•Ǥ ˆ–Š‡•‘‹Žˆ‡‡Ž• •’‘‰›™Š‡–Š‡›™ƒŽƒ ”‘••‹–ǡ–Š‡›‘™‹–‹• ’‘”‘—•ƒ†Ž‹‡Ž›–‘„‡ˆ—ŽŽ‘ˆŽ‹ˆ‡Ǥ

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If 30 inches of rain were to fall on ,'2%.*025/)%-C-)2 one acre of land, that would total ."MFAFNFGO%$9:%4;@>;:;$ that would total 1 liter of water. Thus, †ǡ‹–‹•‹’‘”–ƒ––‘”‡‡„‡”–Šƒ––Š‡ a 10,000 hectare ranch that only gets 0&+(*)'$636'($8"(1+_.$"5(*).($&+8(5(+8(+.'3$"H$ 250 mm (10 inches) of rain would get .2($".2(*$.2*(($(6"131.(0$5*"6(11(1;$K.$&1$.".)''3$ 8(5(+8(+.$"+$.2($83+)0&61$"H$.2($6"00#+&.&(1$ a total of 2,500,000 liters of water per ‘ˆŽ‹˜‹‰‘”‰ƒ‹••ǡƒ†‹‡š–”‹ ƒ„Ž›Ž‹‡†–‘ hectare (10,000 square meters per –Š‡™ƒ–‡” › Ž‡ƒ†‡‡”‰›ƪ‘™Ǥ‡‡„‡”ǡ‡ƒ Š hectare x 250 mm = 2,500,000). That "H$.2($5*"6(11(1$*(5*(1(+.$)$%&+8"%$'""4&+7$&+$ amount multiplied by 10,000 hectares ‘–Š‡•ƒ‡”‘‘ǡ–Š‡‡ ‘•›•–‡Ǥ is a great deal of water, as long as you keep it in the soil to grow plants and replenish underground water sources!

10 HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 3 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 zones until used again or lost down to the plant. Having a diversity of deeper depths. plants—balance between shallow- rooted and deep-rooted plants—is Minerals to the Surface essential to the health of the whole community. Critically important trace Plant roots are one of the main vehi- minerals may be beyond the reach of cles for bringing mineral nutrients to shallow roots. the surface soil layers. For a good mineral cycle, we need healthy root Plant roots aren't the only vehicles systems with many of those roots transporting nutrients from under- probing as deeply as possible into the ground to the soil surface. Earth-

lower layers of soil and decomposing worms, termites and other small in- rock. It's also important to have a sects along with rodents and other variety of plant species in order to small animals also play an important W$7""8$haveAFG:#";%>@>;: many different‹’Ž‹‡• rootƒ„‹‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽŽ› structures. .FG:#";?%$<%$9:%+D#=">:role in mineral uplift. ƒ –‹˜‡ǡ Ž‹˜‹‰•‘‹Žǡ™‹–Šƒ†‡“—ƒ–‡ƒ‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒ† ‡‡”‰›In—†‡”‰”‘—† the same way–‘•—•–ƒ‹ you'dƒ recognizeƒ„—†ƒ ‡ ‘ˆ R')+.$*"".1$)*($"+($"H$.2($0)&+$/(2&6'(1$H"*$Above Ground to Surface ‘”‰ƒ‹••plants–Šƒ– fromƒ‡ above—’–Š‡ ground•‘‹Žˆ‘‘†™‡„ by theirȋ•‡‡  „”‹‰‹‰ ‹‡”ƒŽ—–”‹‡–•–‘–Š‡•—”ˆƒ ‡•‘‹Ž †‹ƒ‰”ƒappearance,ƒ„‘˜‡ȌǤ‘‹Ž you‘”‰ƒ‹•• can also‡‡† identify‡‡”‰›  Žƒ›‡”•ǤOnce a ‘” plantƒ‰‘‘† has‹‡”ƒŽ obtained › Ž‡ǡ nutrients™‡‡‡† Š‡ƒŽ–Š› them by their wide variety of root from the soil (and sometimes the †‡”‹˜‡†ˆ”‘•—Ž‹‰Š–ǡ„—–‘ˆ–‡†‘‘– ‘‡—’ ”‘‘–•›•–‡•™‹–Šƒ›‘ˆ–Š‘•‡”‘‘–•’”‘„‹‰ƒ• patterns. Some have abundant sur- air), plant material—in the form of ."$.2($1"&'$1#*H)6($."$7(.$&.$H"*$.2(01('/(1;$=2(3$face roots, while others reach deep †‡‡’Ž›dead leaves,ƒ•’‘••‹„Ž‡ stems,‹–‘ –Š‡bark,Ž‘™‡” branches,Žƒ›‡”•‘ˆ •‘‹Žƒ† 8(5(+8$"+$)$6"+.&+#"#1$1#55'3$"H$8(6"05"1&+7$beneath the soil itself into rock crev- 8(6"05"1&+7$*"64;$K._1$)'1"$&05"*.)+.$."$2)/($)seeds, flowers, crop residues, etc.— 5')+.$)+8$)+&0)'$*(1&8#(1$."$5*"/&8($.2(&*ices and cracks, seeking water and /)*&(.3$"H$5')+.$15(6&(1$&+$"*8(*$."$2)/($0)+3$returns to the soil surface. Simply (+(*73$+((81;nutrients, then move upward through †‹ơ‡”‡–returning”‘‘– plant•–”— –—”‡•Ǥ material to the soil

‘”†‡”–‘„‡—•‡ˆ—Ž–‘Š—ƒ•ǡ™‹Ž†Ž‹ˆ‡ǡƒ† K+$.2($1)0($%)3$3"#_8$*(6"7+&]($5')+.1$H*"0$ Ž‹˜‡•–‘ ǡ‹‡”ƒŽ—–”‹‡–•CreatingŠƒ˜‡ Healthy–‘„‡ Land:„”‘—‰Š– The Four Ecosystemƒ„‘˜‡‰”‘—† Processes„›–Š‡‹”  ƒ’’‡ƒ”ƒ ‡ǡ 10 ›‘— ƒ ƒ„‘˜‡‰”‘—†„›Ž‹˜‹‰’Žƒ–•Ǥ‘‰ƒ‹ƒš‹— ƒŽ•‘‹†‡–‹ˆ›–Š‡„›–Š‡‹”™‹†‡˜ƒ”‹‡–›‘ˆ”‘‘– —–”‹‡–•—’’Ž‹‡•‹–Š‡ƒ –‹˜‡•‘‹ŽŽƒ›‡”•ǡ ’ƒ––‡”•Ǥ‘‡Šƒ˜‡ƒ„—†ƒ–•—”ˆƒ ‡”‘‘–•ǡ ‹‡”ƒŽ•—•– ‘–‹—ƒŽŽ›„‡„”‘—‰Š–„›’Žƒ– ™Š‹Ž‡‘–Š‡”•”‡ƒ Š†‡‡’„‡‡ƒ–Š–Š‡•‘‹Ž‹–•‡Žˆ *"".1$)+8$1"&'$"*7)+&101$."$.2($1#*H)6($H*"0$ ‹–‘”‘  ”‡˜‹ ‡•ƒ† ”ƒ •ǡ•‡‡‹‰™ƒ–‡”ƒ† †‡‡’‡”•‘‹ŽŽƒ›‡”•ǤŠ‡ǡƒˆ–‡”–Š‡›̽”‡—•‡†ƒ„‘˜‡ —–”‹‡–•ǡ–Š‡‘˜‡—’™ƒ”†–Š”‘—‰Š–Š‡’Žƒ–Ǥ ‰”‘—†„›’Žƒ–•ƒ†ƒ‹ƒŽ•ǡ–Š‡›—•–„‡ ƒ˜‹‰ƒ†‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆ’Žƒ–•Ȅ„ƒŽƒ ‡„‡–™‡‡ ”‡–—”‡†—†‡”‰”‘—†ǤŠ‡”‡–Š‡›™‹ŽŽ„‡Š‡Ž† •ŠƒŽŽ‘™Ǧ”‘‘–‡†ƒ††‡‡’Ǧ”‘‘–‡†’Žƒ–•Ȅ‹• &+$.2($)6.&/($*"".$]"+(1$#+.&'$#1(8$)7)&+$"*$'"1.$ (11(+.&)'$."$.2($2()'.2$"H$.2($%2"'($6"00#+&.3;$ 8"%+$."$8((5(*$8(5.21; ”‹–‹ ƒŽŽ›‹’‘”–ƒ––”ƒ ‡‹‡”ƒŽ•ƒ›„‡ „‡›‘†–Š‡”‡ƒ Š‘ˆ•ŠƒŽŽ‘™”‘‘–•Ǥ

HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 3 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 11 •‘‹Ž‹•‡š’‘•‡†ǡ™Š‹ Š‹–—””‡†— ‡•”‡Žƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‹•–—”‡ƒ†—Ž–‹ƒ–‡Ž›„‹‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽƒ –‹˜‹–›ǡ„‘–Š +$"LF;FN:H%(#O"GF>%."$$:#% ).$.2($1"&'$1#*H)6($)+8$#+8(*7*"#+8; Q'DAD?R%&&STUV †‡ƒŽŽ›ǡ„‹‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽƒ –‹˜‹–›ǡ”ƒ–Š‡”–Šƒ’Š›•‹ ƒŽ ‘” Š‡‹ ƒŽ„”‡ƒ†‘™ǡ•Š‘—Ž†’Žƒ›–Š‡Ž‡ƒ† ”‘Ž‡‹„”‡ƒ‹‰†‘™‘Ž†’Žƒ–ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ‹ ƒŽŽ‡˜‹”‘‡–•ƒ ”‘••–Š‡„”‹––Ž‡‡••• ƒŽ‡Ǥ 3:>%."$$:#% Š‡”‡‹•‘‡ƒŒ‘”†‹ơ‡”‡ ‡ǡŠ‘™‡˜‡”Ǥ  ȋ –‹˜‡ ”ƒ –‹‘Ȍ͟͟Ȃ͜͡τ ‘„”‹––Ž‡‡˜‹”‘‡–•ǡ–Š‡‰‡‡”ƒŽŽ›‘‹•– 0&6*"(+/&*"+0(+.$).$.2($1"&'$1#*H)6($1#55"*.1$ /(*3$)6.&/($6"00#+&.&(1$"H$10)''$"*7)+&101 ‹˜‹‰ 4#:?9% –Š”‘—‰Š‘—––Š‡›‡ƒ”ǤŠ‡•‡‘”‰ƒ‹•• ƒ„”‡ƒ †‘™‘Ž†’Žƒ–ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ„›–Š‡•‡Ž˜‡•Ǥ (#O"GF?A?% 5:?FHD:% WTV WXUV „”‹––Ž‡‡˜‹”‘‡–•ǡŽƒ”‰‡ƒ‹ƒŽ•ƒ”‡ 6*&.&6)''3$&05"*.)+.;$U/(*$.2($12"*.$5(*&"8$"H$ ?"05"+(+.1$"H$G"&'$U*7)+&6$D)..(*$)8)5.(8$H*"0$2-!/ –Š‡›‡ƒ”ǡ™Š‡͜͡–‘ͥ͜’‡” ‡–‘ˆƒ„‘˜‡Ǧ‰”‘—† 3&$4/5$&4&06/7%$'!%ǡ„›Žƒ‹‡Ǥ ‰”ƒǡƒ–—”ƒŽ ’Žƒ–ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ†‹‡•ǡ–Š‡‹ ”‘‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ† ‡•‘—” ‡‘•‡”˜ƒ–‹‘‡”˜‹ ‡Š––’ǣȀȀ•‘‹Ž•Ǥ—•†ƒǤ‰‘˜Ȁ &+1(6.$5"5#').&"+1$)'1"$8&($8"%+;$a)*7($7*)]&+7$ •“‹Ȁ ‘ ‡’–•Ȁ•‘‹Ž̼„‹‘Ž‘‰›Ȁ•‘‹Ž̼ˆ‘‘†̼™‡„ǤŠ–Ž )+&0)'1$.*)05'($8"%+$0).(*&)'$."$.2($1"&'$ •—”ˆƒ ‡™Š‡”‡‹–„”‡ƒ•†‘™‘”‡“—‹ Ž›ǡ‘” –Š‡›”‡†— ‡–Š‡„—Ž‘ˆ’Žƒ–ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ–Š”‘—‰Š R')+.$*"".1$)*(+_.$.2($"+'3$/(2&6'(1$.*)+15"*.&+7$ 8&7(1.&+7$&.;$Š‡‰—–‘ˆ–Š‡‰”ƒœ‹‰ƒ‹ƒŽ‹•/ +#.*&(+.1$H*"0$#+8(*7*"#+8$."$.2($1"&'$1#*H)6(;$ ‘‡’Žƒ ‡™Š‡”‡‹ ”‘‘”‰ƒ‹••”‡ƒ‹ƒ –‹˜‡/ ƒ”–Š™‘”•ǡ–‡”‹–‡•ƒ†‘–Š‡”•ƒŽŽ‹•‡ –• ›‡ƒ””‘—†Ǥ )'"+7$%&.2$*"8(+.1$)+8$".2(*$10)''$)+&0)'1$)'1"$ 5')3$)+$&05"*.)+.$*"'($&+$0&+(*)'$#5'&H.; +D#=">:%$<%7GH:#O#

„‘˜‡ ”‘—†–‘—”ˆƒ ‡  ‡’Žƒ–ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽŠƒ•„‡‡„”‘‡†‘™ –Š”‘—‰Š„‹‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽƒ –‹˜‹–›ǡƤ”‡ǡ‘š‹†ƒ–‹‘ǡ‡– Ǥǡ  ‡ƒ’Žƒ–Šƒ•‘„–ƒ‹‡†—–”‹‡–•ˆ”‘–Š‡•‘‹Ž 2"%$8"$.2($6*&.&6)'$+#.*&(+.1$0"/($#+8(*7*"#+8b$ ȋƒ†•‘‡–‹‡•–Š‡ƒ‹”Ȍǡ’Žƒ–ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽȄ‹–Š‡ ˆ‘”‘ˆ†‡ƒ†Ž‡ƒ˜‡•ǡ•–‡•ǡ„ƒ”ǡ„”ƒ Š‡•ǡ•‡‡†•ǡ ƪ‘™‡”•ǡ ”‘’”‡•‹†—‡•ǡ‡– ǤȄ”‡–—”•–‘–Š‡•‘‹Ž 1#*H)6(;$G&05'3$*(.#*+&+7$5')+.$0).(*&)'$."$.2($ •‘‹Ž•—”ˆƒ ‡†‘‡•̽–ƒ‡‹–‹‡†‹ƒ–‡Ž›ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ ˆ‘””‡—•‡Ǥ‘„‡”‡—•‡†ǡ†‡ƒ†ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽŠƒ•–‘„‡ „”‘‡†‘™‹–‘Ƥ‡’ƒ”–‹ Ž‡•ǡ’”‡ˆ‡”ƒ„Ž›„› ‡ Šƒ‹ ƒŽˆ‘” ‡•ǡ•— Šƒ•”ƒ‹ǡ™‹†ǡŠƒ‹Žǡ‘” –”ƒ’Ž‹‰ǡ‘”–Š”‘—‰Š ‘•—’–‹‘‘”†‡ ƒ›„› 1#*H)6(`H((8&+7$&+1(6.1$)+8$".2(*$1"&'$"*7)+&101 "*$')*7($7*)]&+7$)+&0)'1$.2).$6"+/(*.$.2($0).(*&)'$ ."$8#+7$)+8$#*&+(;

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12 HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 3 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 1((3%.*025/)%-C-)2 !((5%.*025/)%-C-)2

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14 HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 3 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 plex and mutually independent rela- Changes in Biological tionships exist among all levels— Communities below and above ground and into the atmosphere. The process of change in biologi- ‘ˆ–Š‡•’‡ ‹‡•‹“—‡•–‹‘ǡ–Šƒ–•’‡ ‹‡•‹•Ž‹‡Ž› cal communities from bare rock or –‘„‡‹ ”‡ƒ•‹‰Ǣ‹ˆ‘Ž›ƒ–—”‡‡„‡”• ƒ„‡ new pool to mature grassland, ˆ‘—†ǡ–Šƒ–•’‡ ‹‡•‹•Ž‹‡Ž›–‘†‹‡‘—–Ǥ forest, or lake is a gradual, often staggered buildup of species di- versity and biomass, along with changes in the microenvironment. -

High The more complex and diverse Creating Healthy Land: The Four Ecosystem Processes 15 communities become, the Numbers more stable populations within within a population tend to be.

Low Low Diversity of High Species

HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 3 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 15 5"&1"+&+7$"*$".2(*$1#62$)6.&"+1$)'.(*$.2($ „‹‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ ‘—‹–›„‡Ž‘™‰”‘—†Ǥ†™Šƒ– Succession: The stages through which 2)55(+1$#+8(*7*"#+8$%&''$(/(+.#)''3$12"%$&.1('H biological communities develop. As ƒ„‘˜‡‰”‘—†Ǥ simple communities become ever more diverse and complex, succession is said to be advancing. When complex -9"GO:?%FG%6F<;";%->:??F";:

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W''$"*7)+&101$*(\#&*($(+(*73$."$'&/(;$W+8$.2($ ˜ƒ•–ƒŒ‘”‹–›‘ˆ–Š‡†‡’‡†‘–Š‡ƒ„‹Ž‹–›‘ˆ 7*((+$5')+.1$."$6)5.#*($(+(*73$H*"0$.2($1#+$)+8$ ‘˜‡”–‹–‹–‘ƒˆ‘”–Š‡› ƒ—•‡Ǥ‡”‰›ƪ‘™ ‹••‹’Ž›–Š‡ƪ‘™‘ˆ•‘Žƒ”‡‡”‰›–Š”‘—‰Š‰”‡‡ǡ ‰”‘™‹‰’Žƒ–•–‘ƒŽŽŽ‹ˆ‡ǡ‹ Ž—†‹‰Š—ƒ•Ǥ $ Š‡‡‡”‰›ƪ‘™‹‘—”‡ ‘•›•–‡‹•‘ˆ–‡ ‘ˆ—•‡†™‹–Š–Š‡ ƒ”„‘ › Ž‡ǡ„‡ ƒ—•‡–Š‡ 1."*)7($"H$(+(*73$&+$0"1.$'&/&+7$"*7)+&101$ ˜‹„”ƒ–‰”ƒ••Žƒ† ‘—‹–›™‹–ŠŠ‡”„‹˜‘”‡•ǡ’‡‘’Ž‡ƒ† ‹˜‘Ž˜‡• ƒ”„‘Ǥ—–ǡ™Š‡”‡ ƒ”„‘‹• ‘•–ƒ–Ž› †‘‰•‹–‡”ƒ –‹‰–‘ ”‡ƒ–‡„ƒŽƒ ‡ƒ†”‡•‹Ž‹‡ ‡Ǥ$ › Ž‹‰„‡–™‡‡‡ƒ”–Šƒ†ƒ–‘•’Š‡”‡ǡ‡‡”‰› ȋ™‘‘–ǡ‘–ƒ–ƒǡȌ ˆ”‘–Š‡•—‹•ƒ‘‡Ǧ™ƒ›ƪ‘™Ǥ ˆ™‡ˆ‘ —•‘–Š‡ ‡‡”‰›Ǧ ƒ”„‘ ‘‡ –‹‘ǡ–Š‡™‡‹••ƒ‡› KH$3"#$1.)*.$%&.2$)$')+816)5($.2).$2)1$')*7($ #+8(*1.)+8&+7$."$0)+)7&+7$.2($H"#*$(6"131.(0$ —„‡”•‘ˆ—†‡•‹”ƒ„Ž‡•’‡ ‹‡•ǡ–Š‡ˆ—–—”‡ 5*"6(11(1,$.2).$.2($+).#*)'$'&/&+7$%"*'8$*#+1$"+$ Žƒ†• ƒ’‡›‘—†‡• ”‹„‡™‹ŽŽ„‡‘‡–Šƒ–‹•Ž‡•• 1"')*$5"%(*$)+8$"#*$0)+)7(0(+.$8(6&1&"+1 –Šƒ‹†‡ƒŽˆ‘”–Š‡’”‘„Ž‡•’‡ ‹‡•Ǥ‘—”–ƒ•™‹ŽŽ †”ƒƒ–‹ ƒŽŽ›ƒơ‡ –Š‘™— Š‹• ƒ’–—”‡†ƒ†$ –Š‡„‡–‘Ž‡ƒ”–Š‡„ƒ•‹ „‹‘Ž‘‰›‘ˆ–Š‡˜ƒ”‹‘—• 5#.$."$#1(;

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LEVEL 6 Decay LEVEL 5 Scavengers/Decay LEVEL 4 Further Predators, Energy 6 including Humans Lost as Heat 5 LEVEL 3 Predators, Including Humans 4 LEVEL 2 Fish, Birds, Insects, 3 Reptiles, & Mammals, including Humans 2 LEVEL 1 Plant Life on Land & Water 1

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:3$‡˜‡Ž͡ǡŠ—ƒ•†”‘’‘—–‘ˆ–Š‡’›”ƒ‹†Ǥ$ G6)/(+7(*1$)+8$"*7)+&101$"H$8(6)3$N8(6"05"1(*1O$ ”‡†— ‡–Š‡„—Ž‘ˆ•–‘”‡†‡‡”‰›‡˜‡ˆ—”–Š‡”Ǥ ‡›‘†‡˜‡Ž͡ǡ’‡”Šƒ’•ƒ‘–Š‡”Ž‡˜‡Ž‘”–™‘ "H$8(6)3$"*7)+&101$%&''$#1($.2($')1.$*(0)&+&+7$ Above Ground Energy from Plants #1(H#'$(+(*73$)+8$6"+/(*.$&.$."$2().;

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HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 4 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 9 ‡ƒ˜‹‰‹––‘ƒ–—”‡$ ‘‡•ƒ›‹–ǯ•„‡––‡”–‘Ž‡ƒ˜‡–Š‡ƒƒ‰‡‡–‘ˆ„‹‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ ‘—‹–‹‡•–‘ƒ–—”‡„‡ ƒ—•‡ƒ–—”‡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ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡–‘—•–Šƒ– ƒ•‹—Žƒ–‡–Š‡‡ơ‡ –•’”‘†— ‡†„›–Š‡Š‡”†•ƒ†’”‡†ƒ–‘”•–Šƒ–‘ ‡ƒ†‡ /.(0($(+1&*"+4(+/0$3#+6/&"+&+5$%."'(0@

0/(40$%()T(+$)/$/.($2)0($)+:$3)''$)0&:(S$'(//&+5$ '&5./$*()6.$/.($+(%S$5*"#+:]'(1('$5*"%&+5$8"&+/0@$ <.&0$*)8&:S$2"//"4]#8$:(6"48"0&/&"+$8*"6(00$ )'0"$"66#*0$"+$:():$%"":7$1(5(/)/&"+@$<.&0$ )''"%0$+"+2*&//'($2&"'"5&6)'$6"44#+&/&(0$#+:(*$ /"/)'$"*$8)*/&)'$*(0/$/"$4)&+/)&+$)$*(')/&1('7$.&5.$ :(5*(($"3$0/)2&'&/7$)+:$6"48'(;&/7$"3$08(6&(0$&+$)$ 5*)00')+:$"*$3"*(0/@$>1(+$1(*7$8*"'"+5(:$*(0/$3*"4$ –Š‡”ƒ”‡Ƥ”‡‘”’Š›•‹ ƒŽ†‹•–—”„ƒ ‡Šƒ•˜‡”›Ž‹––Ž‡ +(5)/&1($&48)6/$"+$/.($%)/(*$)+:$4&+(*)'$676'(0S$ Cold brittle Steppe in Argentine Patagonia - ‘—‹–›†›ƒ‹ •ǡƒ†‡‡”‰›ƪ‘™Ǥ rest and overgrazing (partial rest) creates bare ground and ineffective ecosystem processes. -.(/.(*$"*$+"/$7"#$#0($/.($/""'$"3$H(0/$&+$ +"+2*&//'($(+1&*"+4(+/0$:(8(+:0$(+/&*('7$ 7()*0@$Z#/$&/$%)0$"+'7$&+$/.($')0/$3(%$:(6):(0$ "+$7"#*$."'&0/&65")'@$O3$7"#*$."'&0/&65")'$ /.)/$%($#+:(*0/"":$/.)/$2*&//'($)+:$+"+2*&//'($ :(06*&2(0$)$3#/#*($*(0"#*6($2)0($/.)/$&+6'#:(0$ ‡˜‹”‘‡–•”‡ƒ –˜‡”›†‹ơ‡”‡–Ž›–‘”‡•–Ǥ  0/)2'($5*)00')+:0$)+:$7"#$0#08(6/$/.)/$+)/#*)'$ +"+2*&//'($(+1&*"+4(+/0S$*(0/$&0$8(*.)80$/.($4"0/$ 0#66(00&"+$%&''$'():$&/$/"%)*:$3"*(0/S$/.(+$7"#$ 8"%(*3#'$/""'$/.(*($&0$3"*$*(0/"*&+5$2&"'"5&6)'$ +((:$/"$)1"&:$(&/.(*$3"*4$"3$*(0/$/"$4&+&4&K($)+$ :&1(*0&/7@$Z#/$&+$2*&//'($(+1&*"+4(+/0$&/$/(+:0$ ):1)+6($&+$0#66(00&"+@ –‘Šƒ˜‡–Š‡‘’’‘•‹–‡‡ơ‡ –ǡŽ‡ƒ†‹‰–‘ƒŽ‘••‘ˆ 2&":&1(*0&/7$%.(+$(&/.(*$8)*/&)'$"*$/"/)'$*(0/$ O+$4)+)5(:$8)0/#*(0$7"#$6"#':$5*)K($a+"/$ ‹•ƒ’’Ž‹‡†Ǥ‡ ƒ—•‡–Š‹•†‹ơ‡”‡ ‡Šƒ•‰‘‡ "1(*5*)K(b$8(*(++&)'$5*)00(0@$<.&0$%"#':$.('8$ #+*(6"5+&K(:S$%($.)1($.)0/(+(:$/.($):1)+6($"3$ 4)&+/)&+$)$1&5"*"#0$*""/$070/(4$/.)/$4)T(0$&/$ :(0(*/0$&+$/.($%"*':X0$2*&//'($(+1&*"+4(+/0@ †‹ƥ —Ž–ˆ‘”‹ƒ–—”‡ǡ–ƒ’Ǧ”‘‘–‡†ǡ™‘‘†›’Žƒ–• –‘’‡‡–”ƒ–‡Ǥ‘— ‘—Ž†ƒŽ•‘—•‡–Š‡–‘‘Ž•‘ˆƤ”‡ "*$/(6.+"'"57$a4"%&+5S$3"*$(;)48'(b$)0$)$4()+0$ ơ‡ –•‘ˆ‡•–‹‘„”‹––Ž‡˜‹”‘‡–• /"$8*"4"/($*""/$5*"%/.S$*(4(42(*&+5$/"$)''"%$ 3"*$*(6"1(*7$2(3"*($*()88'7&+5$(&/.(*$/""'@$N''$"3$ O+$+"+2*&//'($(+1&*"+4(+/0$a6'"0(*$/"$L$"+$)$06)'($ /.&0$%"*T0$0"$%(''$&+$+"+2*&//'($(+1&*"+4(+/0$ ‘ˆ͝–‘͜͝Ȍǡ‘Ž†’Žƒ–ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ„›†‡Ƥ‹–‹‘„”‡ƒ• /.)/$&/$4)0T0$/.($3)6/$/.)/$&/$:"(0$+"/$%"*T$&+ :"%+$V#&6T'7$/.*"#5.$2&"'"5&6)'$:(6)7@$O/$0/)*/0$ 2*&//'($"+(0@$O+$/"/)''7$*(0/(:$+"+2*&//'($ 6'"0($/"$/.($5*"#+:S$%.(*($')*5($8"8#')/&"+0$"3$ (+1&*"+4(+/0S$&/$&0$1&*/#)''7$&48"00&2'($/"$(;8"0($ &+0(6/0$)+:$4&6*""*5)+&040$)00&0/$&+$/.($:(6)7$ 1)0/$)*()0$"3$0"&'$)+:$T((8$/.(4$2)*(@$<.($0"&' 8*"6(00@$<.&0$6'"0($/"$/.($5*"#+:$:(6"48"0&/&"+$ 0#*3)6($%&''$6"1(*$"1(*$)5)&+$)+:$*(6"1(*$V#&6T'7$ 3)1"*0$8(*(++&)'$5*)00(0S$2(6)#0($:():$'()1(0$)+:$ &3$/"/)''7$*(0/(:@

10 HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 4 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 ơ‡ –•‘ˆ‡•–‹‡”›”‹––Ž‡˜‹”‘‡–•

O+$1(*7$2*&//'($(+1&*"+4(+/0$a6'"0(*$/"$)$L\$ ‘ƒ• ƒŽ‡‘ˆ͝–‘͜͝Ȍǡ„›†‡Ƥ‹–‹‘ǡ‘Ž†’Žƒ– 4)/(*&)'$2*()T0$:"%+$0'"%'7$)+:$0#66(00&"+$)'0"$ 8*"5*(00(0$1(*7$0'"%'7S$8)*/&6#')*'7$&3$0/)*/&+5$ 3*"4$2)*($0"&'@$="0/$&+0(6/0$)+:$4&6*""*5)+&040$ /.)/$+"*4)''7$)&:$&+$/.($:(6)7$8*"6(00$)*($06)*6(S$ 8)*/&6#')*'7$&+$6"44#+&/&(0$/.)/$.)1($'"0/$/.(&*$ 2&":&1(*0&/7@$<.(&*$+#42(*0$)*($.&5.$"+'7$%.(+$ ):(V#)/($4"&0/#*($&0$8*(0(+/S$2#/$/.&0$.)88(+0 &+/(*4&//(+/'7@

†‡”–‘–ƒŽ‘”’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ@:56$6"+:&/&"+0S$&3$)+&4)'$ +#42(*0$)*($)'0"$'"%S$4"0/$"3$/.($2*()T:"%+$"3$ 8')+/$4)/(*&)'0$&0$/.*"#5.$";&:)/&"+$)+:$8.70&6)'$ %()/.(*&+5@$<.($/&80$"3$'()1(0$)+:$0/(40$2*()T$ †‘™Ƥ”•–ǡƒ•–Š‡›ƒ”‡‘•–‡š’‘•‡†–‘™‹†ƒ† *)&+@$-.&'($/.&0$/"8]:"%+$:(6)7$.)0$3(%$+(5)/&1($ ‡ơ‡ –•‘™‘‘†›’Žƒ–•ǡ‹–•‡˜‡”‡Ž›Š‹†‡”• 8(*(++&)'$5*)00(0$%&/.$5*"#+:$'(1('$5*"%/.$ 8"&+/0$/.)/$"3/(+$*(4)&+$0.):(:$)+:$"20/*#6/(:$ 3"*$7()*0@$Q':$8')+/$4)/(*&)'$/.)/$'&+5(*0$/.*"#5.$ Left: Rest (total or partial) applied as a tool in this brittle, cold /.($+(;/$5*"%&+5$0()0"+$%()T(+0$4"0/$8(*(++&)'$ steppe in Southern Patagonia, Argentina, leads to dead plants, bare ground, and ineffective ecosystem processes. 5*)00(0$)+:$"1(*$)$8(*&":$"3$0(1(*)'$7()*0`$/.($ Right: Bare ground caused by years of rest and partial rest )66#4#')/&"+$6)+$)6/#)''7$T&''$/.(4@$O/$)'0"$ and continuous grazing in brittle, low-production land in ‡‰ƒ–‹˜‡Ž›ƒơ‡ –•–Š‡†‹‡–•ƒ†’”‘†— –‹˜‹–›‘ˆ New Mexico, USA. 5*)K&+5$)+&4)'0$/.)/$/*7$/"$2)')+6($/.(&*$:&(/0$)+: )1"&:$"':S$";&:&K&+5$8')+/$4)/(*&)'@

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‡ Ž‹‡••‹‰‹Ƥ ƒ–Ž› ³ -+-0,B ³ H()6.(0$)$.&5.$'(1(' /#"L

are shaded,)66#4#')/(0$"+$/.(4$)+:$/.($6'"0('7$08)6(:$ killing them off ’Žƒ–•ƒ”‡•Šƒ†‡†ǡ‹ŽŽ‹‰–Š‡‘ơ prematurely.8*(4)/#*('7@

The effectsŠ‡‡ơ‡ –• rest@:56 tends$/(+:0$/"$8*":#6($)*($0&48'(*$/"$ to produce are simpler:(/(*4&+($)/$/.($(;/*(4($(+:0$"3$/.($2*&//'(+(00$ to determine at the extreme ends of• ƒŽ‡Ǥ the – brittleness‹•— Š‘”‡ †‹ƥ —Ž–scale.–‘ It•‡‡ is–Š‡ ‡ơ‡ –• much more"3$@:56 $&+$'(00$2*&//'($(+1&*"+4(+/0$a&+$/.($4&::'($difficult to see the effects "3$/.($2*&//'(+(00$06)'(b@$!"#$6)+Y/$2($0#*($)/$ of rest™Š‹ Š in less’‘‹– brittle–Š‡‡ơ‡ –• environments‘ˆ@:56$6.)+5($"1(*$3*"4$ (in the ‡Šƒ ‹‰middle of•‘‹Ž the ‘˜‡”ǡ brittleness‡‡”‰›ƪ‘™ƒ† –Š‡Š‡ƒŽ–Š scale). "3$8(*(++&)'$5*)00(0$/"$:"&+5$:)4)5($/"$/.(4@$O+$You can't be sure at which point the–Š‡•‡ effectsŽ‡••„”‹––Ž‡ of‡˜‹”‘‡–• rest change–Š‡‡ơ‡ –• overƒ›  from enhancing/)T($4#6.$'"+5(*$/"$0."%$#8@ soil cover, energy flow and the health of perennial grasses<.&0$&0$%.7$/.($#0($"3$/.($9"'&0/&6$=)+)5(4(+/$ to doing damage to them. In 3((:2)6T$'""8$)+:$()*'&(0/$&+:&6)/"*0$)*($6*&/&6)'$ these less‹›‘—” brittleŽƒ†ƒƒ‰‡‡–Ǥ environmentsŠ‡Ƥ”•– the•–‡’ ™Š‡ effects may take much longer to 4)T&+5$)$:(6&0&"+$&0$*()'&K&+5$/.)/$7"#$6"#':$ Total rest in brittle tending environments show up.2($%*"+5$)2"#/$/.)/$:(6&0&"+$"*$)6/&"+$)+:$&/0$ produces bare ground and ineffective &+/(+:(:$"#/6"4(0@$<"$(+0#*($/.)/$7"#$%&''$ ecosystem processes. This is why the use of the Holistic Management feedback loop and earliest12 HOLISTICindicators MANAGEMENT: are critical Partin your 4 © SAVORY INSTITUTEearly warning2010 sign. Having a clear land management. The first step understanding of the effects each when making a decision is realizing tools tends to produce will help you in that you could be wrong about that that monitoring process. decision or action and its intended outcomes. To ensure that you will Without this feedback loop, many continue to move towards your ranchers have consistently applied holisticgoal, you determine what the tool of partial rest by default or would give you the earliest warning because they had difficulty in the decision or action is in fact recognizing what was happening on wrong. Then, you monitor for that the land. Without consistent

Tendencies of Rest (Partial or Total) on the Ecosystem Processes in Very Brittle and Nonbrittle Environments

Very Brittle Nonbrittle Water Cycle Water and mineral cycles build Water and mineral cycles become and maintains high levels of ef- less effective fectiveness Mineral Cycle Community Dynamics Biological communities decline Biological communities develop and greater simplicity and instabil- to levels of great diversity and ity ensue. The lower the rainfall, stability the greater the adverse effect. Energy Flow Declines significantly Reaches a high level

Creating Healthy Land: Tools for Managing Our Ecosystem 11 6"+/&+#($/"$4"1($/"%)*:0$7"#*$."'&0/&65")'S$ ,0*Q$+, 7"#$:(/(*4&+($%.)/$%"#':$5&1($7"#$/.($()*'&(0/$ %)*+&+5$/.($:(6&0&"+$"*$)6/&"+$&0$&+$3)6/$%*"+5@$ &;:()356(*NI5:F(&334 <.(+S$7"#$4"+&/"*$3"*$/.)/$()*'7$%)*+&+5$0&5+@$ ƒ˜‹‰ƒ Ž‡ƒ”—†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡‡ơ‡ –• ,@7RD89”ƒ•ƒ•ƒ–‘‘Ž”‹‰Š–ƒŽ‘‰•‹†‡Ƥ”‡ƒ† ()6.$/""'0$/(+:0$/"$8*":#6($%&''$.('8$7"#$&+$/.)/$ *(0/@$<.&0$&0$2(6)#0($)0$')+:$4)+)5(*0$%($6)+ 4"+&/"*&+5$8*"6(00@ 4)+&8#')/($/.($&+/(+0&/7$)+:$/&4&+5$"3$&/$)+:$/.($ ƒ‹ƒŽǦ’Žƒ–”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’•–Šƒ–‰‘˜‡”‹–ǤŽ‹‡ -&/."#/$/.&0$3((:2)6T$'""8S$4)+7$*)+6.(*0$ 0"4($"3$/.($"/.(*$/""'0S$."%(1(*S$&/$.)0$+)/#*)'$ .)1($6"+0&0/(+/'7$)88'&(:$/.($/""'$"3$8)*/&)'$ )08(6/0$/"$&/$/.)/$.#4)+0$:&:$+"/$:(0&5+U/.($ ”‡•–„›†‡ˆƒ—Ž–‘”„‡ ƒ—•‡–Š‡›Šƒ††‹ƥ —Ž–›‹ 4"#/.0$"3$'&1(0/"6T$)+:$"/.(*$5*)K(*0$3"* *(6"5+&K&+5$%.)/$%)0$.)88(+&+5$"+$/.($')+:@$ (;)48'(@$N+:S$%($:&:+Y/$/()6.$/.(4$%.)/$/"$()/$ -&/."#/$6"+0&0/(+/$4"+&/"*&+5S$/.(7$.)1($0'"%(:$ "*$."%$/"$2(.)1(@$Z(6)#0($/.($%)70$&+$%.&6.$ /.(&*$)2&'&/7$/"$4)T($&48*"1(4(+/0$"+$/.($')+:@ /.(7$:"$/.(0($/.&+50$)*($6*&/&6)'$/"$/.($*(0#'/0$"3$ 4)+)5(4(+/S$&/Y0$&48"*/)+/$/.)/$%($#+:(*0/)+:$ /.(4$2(//(*@ '38<4I5D38 -.(+$%($/)'T$)2"#/$9@7RD89$)0$)$/""'$3"*$ Š‡‡ơ‡ –•‘ˆ’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ‘”–‘–ƒŽ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™‘̽–„‡ƒ††”‡••‹‰–Š‡‡ơ‡ –•‘ˆƒ‹ƒŽ• +(5)/&1($&+$/(*40$"3$4)&+/)&+&+5$0"&'$6"1(*S$ /*)48'&+5S$#*&+)/&+5$)+:$:#+5&+5S$0)'&1)/&+5S$(/6@$ ‡‡”‰›ƪ‘™ƒ†Š‡ƒŽ–Š›’‡”‡‹ƒŽ‰”ƒ••‡•Ǥ )0$/.(7$3((:@ ‡ ƒ—•‡”‡•–Šƒ••— Š Ž‡ƒ”Ž›†‹ơ‡”‡––‡†‡ ‹‡• )/$/.($(;/*(4(0S$/.($6"+:&/&"+$"3$*(0/(:$')+:$ Q3$6"#*0($/.(0($)6/&1&/&(0$)*($)'0"$8)*/$"3$9@7RD89S$ 5(+(*)''7$&+:&6)/(0$/.($#+:(*'7&+5$2*&//'(+(00$"3$ 2#/$%($)*($5"&+5$/"$0(8)*)/($/.(4$3*"4$/.($)6/$"3$ )+$)*()@ 9@7RD89()+:$)::*(00$/.(4$)0$)$0(8)*)/($/""'U )+&4)'$&48)6/U&+$/.($+(;/$0(6/&"+@$O/$&0$.('83#'$ O3$@:56$&0$)$/""'$7"#Y*($/.&+T&+5$)2"#/$)88'7&+5S$ –‘—†‡”•–ƒ†–Š‡‹ƪ—‡ ‡‘ˆ‡ƒ Šƒ†–Š‡—•‡ 6"+0&:(*$%.(*($/.($')+:$0&/0$"+$/.($2*&//'(+(00$ "3$()6.$)0$)$#+&V#($/""'@$<.&0$&0$8)*/&6#')*'7$/*#($ • ƒŽ‡ƒ†–Š‡‡ơ‡ –@:56$&0$'&T('7$/"$8*":#6(@$ &+$4"*($2*&//'($(+1&*"+4(+/0$%.(*($9@7RD89$)+: N0$)'%)70S$*(3(*$2)6T$/"$/.($3#/#*($*(0"#*6($ ƒ‹ƒŽ‹’ƒ –ƒ”‡˜‡”›‡ơ‡ –‹˜‡–‘‘Ž•‹”‡˜‡”•‹‰ 2)0($:(06*&8/&"+$&+$7"#*$."'&0/&65")'@$<.)/$%&''$ †‡•‡”–‹Ƥ ƒ–‹‘™Š‡ƒƒ‰‡† ‘””‡ –Ž›Ǥ˜‡ .('8$7"#$:(/(*4&+($&3$/.($:(6&0&"+$7"#$4)T($ &+$'(00$2*&//'($(+1&*"+4(+/0S$%.(*($0"&'$6"1(*$ )2"#/$#0&+5$/.&0$8)*/&6#')*$/""'$'():0$7"#$&+$/.($ &0$$.)*:(*$/"$:(0/*"7S$'""T&+5$)/$/.(0($/%"$/""'0$$ :&*(6/&"+$7"#$%)+/$/"$5"@ 0(8)*)/('7$&0$.('83#'@

Š‡–ƒ„Ž‡‘’ƒ‰‡͝͝•—ƒ”‹œ‡•–Š‡‡ơ‡ –•@:56$ Grazing, together with adequate animal a8)*/&)'$"*$/"/)'b$/(+:0$/"$8*":#6($&+$1(*7$2*&//'($ )+:$+"+2*&//'($(+1&*"+4(+/0@ impact, can maintain soil cover, keep grass plants healthy and more productive, and in general enhance the functioning of all four ecosystem processes.

HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 4 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 13 animal impact are very effective tools effect. in reversing desertification when  This latter combination of managed correctly. Even in less actions is the most brittle environments, where soil cover commonly applied and is Cattle grazing under Voisin's principlesis harder in nonbrittle to destroy, lookingCattle at these grazing under Holisticthe Planned one with Grazingthe greatest in productive tending environment in Argentinetwo Pampas tools separately is helpful. moderately brittle environmenttendency in inthe Southern more Africa brittle environments to Some examples from environments lead to desertification. ‘‡‡šƒ’Ž‡•ˆ”‘‡˜‹”‘‡–•that lie–Šƒ– closerŽ‹‡ Ž‘•‡” to the very brittle,@7RD89 end $0&48'7$*(3(*0$/"$/.($()/&+5$"3$5*)00(0S$ of the scale show how widely the Grazing simply refers to the eating /"$/.($1(*7$2*&//'($(+:$"3$/.($06)'($0."%$."%$effects of either tool and combination+"/$"/.(*$3"*40$"3$1(5(/)/&"+S$0#6.$)0$2*#0.S$ of grasses, not other forms of ™‹†‡Ž›–Š‡‡ơ‡ –•‘ˆ‡‹–Š‡”–‘‘Žƒ†of the ‘„‹ƒ–‹‘ two tools can vary. /*((0S$)+:$3"*20S$%.&6.$)*($/(6.+&6)''7$2*"%0(:@$vegetation, such as brush, trees, and "3$/.($/%"$/""'0$6)+$1)*7@ <.($/""'$"3$J*)K&+5$(+6"48)00(0$2"/.@$Z*"%0&+5$forbs, which are technically browsed.  Grazing can be used to maintain The tool of Grazing encompasses the health of individual plants,&0$6"1(*(:$&+$4"*($:(/)&'$')/(*@$O/$4&5./$2($ both. Browsing is covered in more Ȉ$ J*)K&+5$6)+$2($#0(:$/"$4)&+/)&+$/.($.()'/.$"3$while at the same time, when#0(3#'$)0$8)*/$"3$/.&0$:&06#00&"+$"+$5*)K&+5$)+:$ detail later. It might be useful as part $ &+:&1&:#)'$8')+/0S$%.&'($)/$/.($0)4($/&4(S$combined with low animal‘˜‡”‰”ƒœ‹‰ impact –‘‘–‡of this–Š‡ discussion†‹ơ‡”‡ ‡• on grazing„‡–™‡‡ and (which results in partial rest), it overgrazing to note the differences $ %.(+$6"42&+(:$%&/.$'"%$)+&4)'$&48)6/$can result $in exposed soil )++#)'$)+:$8(*(++&)'$5*)00(0S$)+:$/.($/78(0$"3$that between annual and perennial $ a%.&6.$*(0#'/0$&+$8)*/&)'$*(0/bS$&/$6)+$*(0#'/$&+$caps with the first rainfall,5*)K&+5$)+&4)'0@ thus grasses, and the types of grazing allowing fewer plants to establish. animals.  ‡š’‘•‡†•‘‹Ž–Šƒ– ƒ’•™‹–Š–Š‡ Ƥ”•–”ƒ‹ˆƒŽŽǡ $ /.#0$)''"%&+5$3(%(*$8')+/0$/"$(0/)2'&0.@ Grazing applied as overgrazing (too few animals for too long a Ȉ$ J*)K&+5$)88'&(:$)0$"1(*5*)K&+5$a/""$3(%$time, or allowed to $ )+&4)'0$3"*$/""$'"+5$)$/&4(S$"*$)''"%(:$/"$return before plants have recovered) may $ *(/#*+$2(3"*($8')+/0$.)1($*(6"1(*(:b$4)7$weaken or kill some $ %()T(+$"*$T&''$0"4($8')+/0$&+$/.($6"44#+&/7S$plants in the $ %.&'($)/$/.($0)4($/&4($.&5.$)+&4)'$&48)6/$community, while at the same time high animal $ /(+:0$/"$&+6*()0($/.($+#42(*$"3$8')+/0S$/.($impact tends to increase  ƒ‘—–‘ˆ•‘‹Ž ‘˜‡”ǡƒ†–Š‡‡ơ‡ –‹˜‡‡••the number ‘ˆof plants, $ *)&+3)''@ the amount of soil cover, and the If twoIf two types types of of grassesgrasses are grazedgrazed severely, severely, less less effectiveness of rainfall. leafleaf is is removed removed fromfrom individual individual runner runner-grass–grass plants plants (right), because of their horizontal spread, Ȉ$$ J*)K&+5S$/"5(/.(*$%&/.$):(V#)/($)+&4)'$ (right),than from because bunched of grasstheir horizontalplants (left) spread, than  Grazing, together with from bunched grass plants (left). $ &48)6/S$6)+$4)&+/)&+$0"&'$6"1(*S$T((8$5*)00$adequate animal$ impact, $ 8')+/0$.()'/.7$)+:$4"*($8*":#6/&1(S$)+:$&+$can maintain soil cover, keep $ 5(+(*)'$(+.)+6($/.($3#+6/&"+&+5$"3$)''$3"#*grass plants healthy and more Annuals vs Perennials productive, and in general $ (6"070/(4$8*"6(00(0@ —ƒŽ•˜•‡”‡‹ƒŽ• enhance the functioning of all four Annual plant populations usually $ Ȉ$ 9"%(1(*S$"1(*5*)K&+5$6"42&+(:$%&/.$'"%$ecosystem processes. fluctuate widely from season to $$ )+&4)'$&48)6/$a8)*/&)'$*(0/b$8*":#6(0$/.($ However, overgrazing—ƒŽ ’Žƒ–’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘•season. In some—•—ƒŽŽ› seasonsƪ— –—ƒ–‡ they fail to combined with low animal establish altogether, leaving the soil   ‘’’‘•‹–‡‡ơ‡ –Ǥ impact (partial rest)%&:('7$3*"4$0()0"+$/"$0()0"+@$O+$0"4($0()0"+0$ exposed. They are difficult to $ Ȉ$ <.&0$')//(*$6"42&+)/&"+$"3$)6/&"+0$&0$/.($produces$ the opposite/.(7$3)&'$/"$(0/)2'&0.$)'/"5(/.(*S$'()1&+5$/.($0"&'$ overgraze because they often don't $$ 4"0/$6"44"+'7$)88'&(:$)+:$&0$/.($"+( ‡š’‘•‡†ǤŠ‡›ƒ”‡†‹ƥ —Ž––‘‘˜‡”‰”ƒœ‡„‡ ƒ—•‡ $$ %&/.$/.($5*()/(0/$/(+:(+67$&+$/.($4"*($ /.(7$"3/(+$:"+Y/$'&1($'"+5$(+"#5.`$/.(7$5(+(*)''7$ $$ 2*&//'($$(+1&*"+4(+/0$/"$'():$/"$ Creating Healthy Land::&($"+6($/.(7Y1($8*":#6(:$0((:@ Tools for Managing Our Ecosystem 13   †‡•‡”–‹Ƥ ƒ–‹‘Ǥ

14 HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 4 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 Cattle grazing under Holistic Planned Grazing in Elephants grazing in highly productive, nonbrittle land in South Island, New Zealand brittle land in Zimbabwe

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the concentration of animals on anyand organic matterNormally, are damaged grazing or or walking animals We use the term herd effect to subunit of that land at any given place their hooves carefully, avoiding moment. Neither describes whether coarse plants and barely breaking the theCreating animals Healthy are Land: feeding Tools quietly for Managing in a Our Ecosystemsoil surface. 21 Their hooves still spread manner or bunched. It is this compact the soil to some degree, behavior that makes a critical particularly where the soil is wet or difference to the land. where underground root structures and organic matter are damaged or We use the term herd effect to

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*8D>74($>G7<6(D8(1@D664:(78F(+38N@D664:( ˜‹”‘‡–• Herd effect is a common occurrence in the wild. Domestic livestock managers can mimic this behavior in ‡‘ˆ–Š‡‰”‡ƒ–‡•–‹‡†‹ƒ–‡„‡‡Ƥ–•ˆ”‘ their herds by increasing herd size and stock densities. 78D>74(D>G7<6$6)+$2($0((+$&+$/.($*(0/"*)/&"+$ )+:$4)&+/(+)+6($"3$2*&//'($(+1&*"+4(+/$%)/(*$ 6)/6.4(+/0@$-.&'($8)*/&)'$"*$/"/)'$*(0/$6)+$ 5#&:('&+(0$%.(+$)88'7&+5$)+&4)'$&48)6/,$56374( –Šƒ–ƒ‡•ƒ ”‹–‹ ƒŽ†‹ơ‡”‡ ‡–‘–Š‡Žƒ†Ǥ D>G7<6$/(+:0$/"$8*":#6($"+$/.($(6"070/(4$ 8*"6(00(0$&+$1(*7$2*&//'($)+:$+"+2*&//'($ -($#0($/.($/(*4$Š‡”†‡ơ‡ –$/"$:(06*&2($/.($ (+1&*"+4(+/0@ *(0#'/0$8*":#6(:$27$)$.(*:$/.)/$&0$/*)48'&+5$/.($ 5*"#+:$2(6)#0($/.(7$)*($(;6&/(:$"*$2#+6.(:@$<.($ /*)48'&+5$8#0.(0$:"%+$/.($:():$8')+/$4)/(*&)'$ #$C$+,("0,*+$%)% )+:$6.&80$)+:$2*()T0$.)*:$0"&'$0#*3)6(0@$<.&0$&0$ ƒ”‡•—Ž–‘ˆ–Š‡‹”„‡Šƒ˜‹‘”ƒ†‹•†‹ơ‡”‡–ˆ”‘ &;:()356('3>G4:T(&334 –Š‡‡ơ‡ –•’”‘†— ‡†„›ƒ‹ƒŽ• ƒŽŽ›™ƒŽ‹‰Ǥ Z#+6.&+5$+)/#*)''7$"66#*0$%.(+$)+&4)'0$)*($ ‹˜‹‰‘”‰ƒ‹••$*(3(*0$/"$)''$/.($'&1&+5$/.&+50$ #+:(*$/.*()/$27$8*(:)/"*0S$&+$3#''$4&5*)/&"+S$ %($.)*+(00$/"$4":&37$)+$(+1&*"+4(+/S$3*"4$/.($ "*$%.(+$2(&+5$:*&1(+$"*$["0/'&+5$()6.$"/.(*@$O/$ 04)''(0/$4&6*""*5)+&040$#0(:$/"$0#88'(4(+/$0"&'$ )'0"$"66#*0$%.(+$'&1(0/"6T$)*($*#+$)/$#'/*)].&5.$ 8*(8)*)/&"+0S$/"$&+0(6/0$%($4&5./$#0($/"$6"+0#4($ :(+0&/&(0ULS\\\$/"$RS\\\$8(*$)6*($aRSC\\$/"$CS\\\$ 6*"8$8(0/0S$/"$'&1(0/"6T$/.)/$.('8$4)&+/)&+$ 8(*$.(6/)*(b$"*$4"*(U)+:$4"1(:$(1(*7$3(%$ 8)0/#*(0$/.)/$%"#':$"/.(*%&0($*(1(*/$/"$3"*(0/S$ ."#*0$"*$0"@ "*$/"$4)+7$"/.(*$6*()/#*(0$%($4":&37$/.*"#5.$ 2*((:&+5$"*$5(+(/&6$(+5&+((*&+5$/"$)6.&(1($ — Š—Ž–”ƒǦŠ‹‰Š†‡•‹–‹‡•’”‘†— ‡‡‘—‰Š 0&4&')*$)&40@ 2(.)1&"*$6.)+5($/"$(+0#*($.&5.$Š‡”†‡ơ‡ –$ /.*"#5."#/$4"0/$"3$/.($:)7$)+:$"1(*$4"0/$"3$ <.($8*(1&"#0'7$:&06#00(:$/""'0$"3$5*)K&+5$)+:$ /.($')+:@ )+&4)'$&48)6/$"3$6"#*0($&+1"'1($/.($#0($"3$ '&1&+5$6*()/#*(0$&+$0(*1&6($"3$4)+)5(4(+/@$<.($ _"*4)''7S$5*)K&+5$"*$%)'T&+5$)+&4)'0$8')6($/.(&*$ /""'$"3$Ž‹˜‹‰‘”‰ƒ‹••:"(0$'&T(%&0(@$Z#/$ .""1(0$6)*(3#''7S$)1"&:&+5$6")*0($8')+/0$)+:$ Ž‹˜‹‰‘”‰ƒ‹••0/)+:0$)0$)$0(8)*)/($/""'$3"*$ 2)*('7$2*()T&+5$/.($0"&'$0#*3)6(@$<.(&*$.""1(0$ 0/&''$6"48)6/$/.($0"&'$/"$0"4($:(5*((S$8)*/&6#')*'7$

22 HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 4 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 reduced. When herd effect occurs, grazing and animal impact of course the same animals trample coarse involve the use of living creatures in plants, lay down litter, raise dust, service of management. The tool of chip soil surfaces—opening them to living organisms)$6"#8'($"3$8*&4)*7$*()0"+0@$F&*0/S$&/$(+6"#*)5(0$ does likewise. But /.*&1(:$&+$/.($8*"/(6/&"+$"3$0#6.$6"48'(;&/7@ aeration—and compact them enough living organisms#0$/"$%(&5.$8"00&2'($2&"'"5&6)'$0"'#/&"+0$/"$ stands as a <.($#0($"3$2&"'"5&6)'$6"+/*"'0$&+0/():$"3$ to provide seed-to-soil contact. separate)$8*"2'(4S$1(*0#0$/(6.+"'"5&6)'$"+(0U3"*$ tool for a couple of primary 6.(4&6)'0$&0$)$5"":$(;)48'($"3$."%$%($#0($ reasons. First, it encourages us to (;)48'(S$6*"8$8"'76#'/#*(0$)+:$&+/(*6*"88&+5$ 4":(*+$06&(+6($)+:$"#*$T+"%'(:5($"3$."%$ weigh possibleand the biological tool of livingsolutions organisms. to This 1(*0#0$4"+"6#'/#*($6*"88&+5`$6"44#+&/7$ Technology Animal Impact in Brittle and a problem,is versusbecause technological they represent the same 6"44#+&/&(0$3#+6/&"+@$Z*((:&+5$'):72#50$)0$ 6"48'(;&/7$1(*0#0$8(0/&6&:(0$)+:$.(*2&6&:(0S$ )$6"+/*"'$3"*$)8.&:0$)+:$#0&+5$6(*/)&+$2#50$ Nonbrittle Environments ones—for thing.example, The cropdynamics polycultures of any biological The Most Used Tool and intercropping5)*:(+$6"48"0/&+5$1(*0#0$6.(4&6)'$3(*/&'&K(*$#0(@$community versus is manifested monoculture in living "*$"*5)+&040$/.)/$8*(7$"+$+#&0)+6($8')+/0$

cropping;‡ ‘†ǡorganisms. community‹–ƒ‡• complexity—•–”‡ƒ––Š‡ ™Š‘Ž‡ ‘’Ž‡š‘ˆ Technology:(4"+0/*)/($/.($#0($"3$/.($/""'$"3$'&1&+5$ encompasses an One of the greatest immediate versus pesticides'&3($&+$)+$(+1&*"+4(+/$)0$)$%."'($*)/.(*$/.)+$)$ and herbicides, enormous"*5)+&040$&+$/.($0(*1&6($"3$4)+)5(4(+/@ variety of human benefits from animal impact can be Japanese farmer and scientist, garden ‡—composting‘ˆ’‡•› versus‘”„‡‡Ƥ ‹ƒŽ chemical ”‡ƒ–—”‡• ™‡–ƒ’‡” inventions—from laptop computers to seen in the restoration and fertilizer use.Masanobu Second, Fukuoka, it makes used us the farm machinery to global positioning maintenance of brittle environment %&/.$)/$%&''@ E""T&+5$/"$/.($3#/#*($"3$06&(+6($)+:$*(0"#*6( treat the wholeprinciples complex of community of life in andynamics satellite systems, to genetic water catchments. While partial or environmentand asthe a organismswhole rather associated than a with engineering4)+)5(4(+/S$&/Y0$6'()*$/.)/$%($4#0/$/#*+$3)*$ and nanotechnology. total rest can sustain soil cover in menu of peskyparticular or beneficial successional creatures levels to The 4"*($/"$0/#:7&+5$(6"'"5&6)'$8*"6(00(0$)+:$."%$use or overuse of some nonbrittle environments, no we tamper‹˜‹‰”‰ƒ‹••ƒ†‘—‹–››ƒ‹ •produce with at high will. yields of small grain technology/.(7$3#+6/&"+$0"$%($6)+$2(//(*$#+:(*0/)+:$, in the interest of short- technology exists that could replace crops without synthetic fertilizers, term/.($*(')/&"+0.&80$/.)/$(;&0/$)4"+5$'&1&+5$ solutions, often leads toward animal impact on all the ranches, compost, pesticides, soil disturbance, <.($'&1&+5$"*5)+&040$ long-"*5)+&040U&+6'#:&+5$.#4)+0U/.)/$8"8#')/($term challenges and adverse farms, national parks, and forests or weeding. He succeeded because impacts we may not have anticipated. that cover the bulk of most brittle /""'S$2(6)#0($&/$ )+7$6"44#+&/7@ his understanding of community environments, where either form of &+1"'1(0$)''$'&3(S$%&''$ dynamics allowed him to use a great Technology and the Quick rest is so damaging to the soil cover number of plants, insects,8')7$)$*"'($&+$/.($3"*40$ birds, Fix small animals, and microorganisms‘ˆ’”‘†— –‹‘ ƒ†Ȁ &-'!+"#",B

The table on page 19 outlines the as tools in creating an "*$/.($3#/#*($*(0"#*6($environment effects animal impact tends to Much technology developed out of where his grain thrived2)0($:(06*&2(:$&+$7"#* in the &;:()356(25:F(&334 produce on the ecosystem processes protection of such complexity. our subconscious desire to dominate ."'&0/&65")'@$<.&0$&0$ in very brittle and nonbrittle nature, a desire that goes back a long environments. The use of biological controls/*#($+"$4)//(*$%.)/$ instead way.&:<;83439= In resource$(+6"48)00(0$)+$(+"*4"#0$1)*&(/7$ management, of chemicals is a good /78($"3$2#0&+(00$example of agriculture,"3$.#4)+$&+1(+/&"+0U3*"4$')8/"8$6"48#/(*0$ health care, and many "*$"/.(*$0&/#)/&"+$7"#$)*($4)+)5&+5@$E&1&+5$how we use modern science and our other/"$3)*4$4)6.&+(*7$/"$5'"2)'$8"0&/&"+&+5$ fields, all but a few professionals define their work in Living Organisms "*5)+&040$8*"1&:($/.($2#'T$"3$/.($2&"'"5&6)'$knowledge of how communities 0)/(''&/($070/(40S$/"$5(+(/&6$(+5&+((*&+5$ Living Organisms and terms of their technological tools. The Most Complex Tool Community6)8&/)'$*(V#&*(:$/"$0#0/)&+$"#*$6&1&'&K)/&"+@$function. Dynamics Breeding ladybugs as a )+:$+)+"/(6.+"'"57@$<.($#0($"*$"1(*#0($"3$ control for aphids and using certain They rarely consider the broader O+$/.($9"'&0/&6$=)+)5(4(+/W$3*)4(%"*TS$)$ 0"4($6:<;83439=S$&+$/.($&+/(*(0/$"3$0."*/] bugs or organisms that prey on principles that govern our ecosystem. Living organisms refers to all the The living2*"T(+$'&+($6&*6'(0$2"/.$/.($(6"070/(4$8*"6(00$nuisance organisms plants tool, demonstrate because it the use It’s not/(*4$0"'#/&"+0S$"3/(+$'():0$/"%)*:$'"+5]/(*4$ surprising then that so many living things we harness to modify an involves"3$ allof<3>>I8D6=(F=87>D<5 life,the toolwill playof living a role organisms in$)+:$/.($/""'$"3$'&1&+5$ the in the of us6.)''(+5(0$)+:$):1(*0($&48)6/0$%($4)7$+"/$ devote our energy to quick, $ environment, from the smallest forms of"*5)+&040@$ productionservice ofA6"+("+(1$<&.+$(/6$-(%$,%$+$#/(/6$( management.and/or the future unnatural.)1($)+/&6&8)/(:@ answers, and often achieve microorganisms used to supplement resource base described in your soil preparations, to insects we might +&!$(/6"#0:(A6$()-#&!"<+(*5(&#-(1"*'*0"<&'( holisticgoal.Looking This isto true the nofuture matter of use to consume crop pests, to <*!!.#"/-("+(!&#"5$+/$)("#('"2"#0(*%0&#"+!+: what typescience of business and resource or other livestock that help maintain pastures &:<;83439=(78F(6;:(UID

line circles7&(':0$"3$04)''$5*)&+$6*"80$%&/."#/$07+/.(/&6$understand both the ecosystem the relationships /"$:"4&+)/($+)/#*(S$ The previously discussed tools of process of community dynamics 3(*/&'&K(*0S$6"48"0/S$8(0/&6&:(0S$0"&'$:&0/#*2)+6(S$that exist among living )$:(0&*($/.)/$5"(0$ "*$%((:&+5@$9($0#66((:(:$2(6)#0($.&0$organisms—including 2)6T$)$'"+5$%)7@$O+$ humans—that populate any Creating Healthy Land: Tools for Managing Our #+:(*0/)+:&+5$"3$6"44#+&/7$:7+)4&60$)''"%(:$Ecosystemcommunity. 22 *(0"#*6($4)+)5(4(+/S$ .&4$/"$#0($)$5*()/$+#42(*$"3$8')+/0S$&+0(6/0S$ )5*&6#'/#*(S$.()'/.$ 2&*:0S$04)''$)+&4)'0S$)+:$4&6*""*5)+&040$)0$ 6)*(S$)+:$4)+7$"/.(*$ /""'0$&+$6*()/&+5$)+$(+1&*"+4(+/$%.(*($.&0$5*)&+$ Ƥ‡Ž†•ǡƒŽŽ„—–ƒˆ‡™ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•†‡Ƥ‡–Š‡‹”™‘”‹–‡”•‘ˆ–Š‡‹” /(6.+"'"5&6)'$/""'0@$<.(7$*)*('7$6"+0&:(*$/.($ Creating Healthy Land: Tools for Managing Our Ecosystem 23

HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 4 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 23 Different forms of technology useful for the land manager.

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HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT: Part 4 © SAVORY INSTITUTE 2010 25 N:)8/(:$3*"4$/.( ‘Ž‹•–‹ ƒƒ‰‡‡– ƒ†„‘‘ǣ ‡ƒŽ–Š›ƒ†ǡ ‡ƒŽ–Š›”‘Ƥ–• „›—––‡”Ƥ‡Ž†ǡ‹‰Šƒƒ†ƒ˜‘”›Ǥ ‘’›”‹‰Š–ƒ˜‘”› •–‹–—–‡