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Herausgegeben im Auftrag der Karl-Lamprecht-Gesellschaft e. V. (KLG) / European Network in Universal and Global History (ENIUGH) von Matthias Middell und Hannes Siegrist Redaktion Gerald Diesener (Leipzig), Andreas Eckert (Berlin), Hartmut Elsenhans (Leipzig), Ulf Engel (Leipzig), Marc Frey (Bremen), Eckhardt Fuchs (Braunschweig), Frank Hadler (Leipzig), Katharina Middell (Leipzig), Matthias Middell (Leipzig), Hannes Siegrist (Leipzig), Stefan Troebst (Leipzig), Michael Zeuske (Köln) Anschrift der Redaktion Global and European Studies Institute Universität Leipzig Emil-Fuchs-Str. 1 D – 04105 Leipzig Tel.: +49 / (0)341 / 97 30 230 Fax.: +49 / (0)341 / 960 52 61 E-Mail: [email protected] Internet: www.uni-leipzig.de/comparativ/ Redaktionssekretärin: Katja Naumann ([email protected]) Comparativ erscheint sechsmal jährlich mit einem Umfang von jeweils ca. 140 Seiten. Einzelheft: 12.00 €; Doppelheft 22.00€; Jahresabonnement 50.00 €; ermäßigtes Abonnement 25.00 €. Für Mitglieder der KLG / ENIUGH ist das Abonne- ment im Mitgliedsbeitrag enthalten. Zuschriften und Manuskripte senden Sie bitte an die Redaktion. Bestellungen richten Sie an den Buchhandel oder direkt an den Verlag. Ein Bestellformular fi nden Sie unter: http://www.uni-leipzig.de/comparativ/ Wissenschaftlicher Beirat Gareth Austin (London), Carlo Marco Belfanti (Brescia), Jerry Bentley †, Christophe Charle (Paris), Catherine Coquery-Vidrovitch (Paris), Michel Espagne (Paris), Etienne François (Paris / Berlin), Michael Geyer (Chicago), Giovanni Gozzini (Siena), Regina Grafe (Evanston / Chicago), Margarete Grandner (Wien), Michael Harbsmeier (Roskilde), Heinz-Gerhard Haupt (Florenz), Konrad H. Jarausch (Chapel Hill), Hartmut Kaelble (Berlin), Markéta Křižova (Prag), Wolfgang Küttler (Berlin), Marcel van der Linden (Amsterdam), Hans-Jürgen Lüse- brink (Saarbrücken), Barbara Lüthi (Köln), Attila Melegh (Budapest), Alexey Miller (Moskau), Patrick O’Brien (London), Diego Olstein (Jerusalem), Juan Carmona Pidal (Madrid), Lluis Roura y Aulinas (Barcelona), Jürgen Schriewer (Berlin), Hagen Schulz-Forberg (Aar- hus), Alessandro Stanziani (Paris), Edoardo Tortarolo (Turin), Eric Vanhaute (Gent), Peer Vries (Wien), Susan Zimmermann (Budapest) Leipziger Universitätsverlag GmbH Oststraße 41 D – 04317 Leipzig Tel. / Fax: +49 / (0)341 / 990 04 40 [email protected] www.univerlag-leipzig.de Representations of Europe as a Political Resource in the Early and Late Twentieth Century Herausgegeben von Hartmut Kaelble Leipziger Universitätsverlag Comparativ. Zeitschrift für Globalgeschichte und vergleichende Gesellschaftsforschung / hrsg. von Matthias Middell und Hannes Siegrist – Leipzig: Leipziger Univ.-Verl. ISSN 0940-3566 Jg. 22, H. 6. Representations of Europe as a Political Resource in the Early and Late Twentieth Century – 2012 Representations of Europe as a Political Resource in the Early and Late Twentieth Century. Hg. von Hartmut Kaelble – Leipzig: Leipziger Univ.-Verl., 2013 (Comparativ; Jg. 22, H. 6) ISBN 978-3-86583-745-5 © Leipziger Universitätsverlag GmbH, Leipzig 2013 Comparativ. Zeitschrift für Globalgeschichte und vergleichende Gesellschaftsforschung 22 (2012) 6 ISSN 0940-3566 ISBN 978-3-86583-745-5 Inhaltsverzeichnis Globalizing History and Historicizing Globalization. In Memoriam of Jerry H. Bentley (1949–2012) 7 Aufsätze Hartmut Kaelble Representations of Europe as a Political Resource in the Early and Late Twentieth Century 11 Benjamin Beuerle Westernization as the Way to Modernity – Western Europe in Russian Reform Discussions of the Late Tsarist Empire, 1905–1917 21 Christian Methfessel Spreading the European Model by Military Means? – The Legitimization of Colonial Wars and Imperialist Interventions in Great Britain and Germany around 1900 42 Andreas Weiß “Fortress Europe” or “Europe as Empire” – Conflicts between different EU long-term Strategies and its Effects on the Representation of Europe 61 Johan Wagner Europe as a Model in International Relations? Representations of Europe in German and French Political Think Tanks, 1990–2000 80 Buchbesprechungen Julia Laura Rischbieter: Mikro-Ökonomie der Globalisierung. Kaffee, Kaufleute und Konsumenten im Kaiserreich 1870–1914 (= Industrielle Welt. Schriftenreihe des Arbeitskreises für moderne Sozialgeschichte, Bd. 80), Köln 2011 Anne Dietrich 100 Thomas Neuner: Paris, Havanna und die intellektuelle Linke. Kooperationen und Konflikte in den 1960er Jahren, Konstanz 2012 Christoph Kalter 104 6 | Inhalt Martin Klimke: The Other Alliance. Student Protest in West Germany and the United States in the Global Sixties. Princeton 2010 Holger Nehring 107 Myron Echenberg: Africa in the Time of Cholera. A History of Pandemics from 1817 to the Present, Cambridge 2011 Claudia Prinz 111 Jean-François Bayart: Les études postcoloniales, un carneval académique, Paris 2010 Kolja Lindner 114 Naheem Jabbar: Historiography and Writing Postcolonial India, London 2011 Georg Berkemer 119 Pascal Gin / Walter Moser (eds.), Mobilités Culturelles. Regards Croisés Brésil et Canada / Cultural Mobilities. A Cross-Perspective between Brazil and Canada (= Transferts culturels / Cultural transfers, Ottawa 2011 Nadine Sieveking 121 Karl Kaser: The Balkans and the Near East. Introduction to a Shared History (= Studies on South East Europe, Bd. 12), Wien 2011 Isa Blumi 123 Lucas Elmenhorst: Kann man national bauen? Die Architektur der Botschaften Indiens, der Schweiz und Großbritanniens in Berlin, Berlin 2010 Ralf Dorn 125 Stephen Mosley, The Environment in World History (= Themes in World History Series), London 2010 Anthony N. Penna 129 2012 im Fachforum geschichte.transnational erschienene Rezensionen 132 Inhaltsverzeichnis des 22. Jahrgangs 2012 143 Autorinnen und Autoren 152 Globalizing History and Historicizing Globalization. In Memoriam of Jerry H. Bentley (1949–2012) “The globalization of history and the historicization of globalization are two unfinished intellectual projects. Indeed they are barely under way.”1 It is almost 10 years ago that Jerry H. Bentley problematized this double neglect and underlined the sharp contrast between this long-standing ignorance on the one hand and an equally long-lasting claim of most historical scholarship on the other hand, namely to understand the world and its development through time. Instead of developing tools by which foreign societies and peoples with their connection to the own culture could be traced and explained, profes- sional historians have only given the nation and the nation-state a solid history, flanked by a belief that the European experience is the cornerstone of everything that has hap- pened up until now. The many other pasts, however, have been silenced in this view. The long shadow of the marks of the time when the historical discipline and profession were founded – nationalism, industrialism and imperialism – stand at odds though with the fact that peoples at all times experience the need to know about others and create stores of knowledge about the larger world. Jerry Bentley took the latter as starting point to plead energetically for the tracing of underlying encounters, contacts and shared trajectories. Never dogmatically, but always with enthusiasm, with all his energy he promoted world history as a subject matter and interpretative framework. In his view it had two sides, namely globalizing history, un- derstood as learning about the world’s various lands and societies, and historicizing glo- balization, regarded as studying cross-cultural interactions. Owing to the fact that much had been done and gained in regard to the former, he engaged himself in what he called “larger human stories […] the global stories of rising human population, expanding technological capacity, and increasing interactions”, arguing that they “have profoundly shaped the experiences of almost all human societies, and furthermore have worked col- lectively like the strands of a triple helix to reinforce one another with powerful effects throughout history”.2 Being aware that historical scholarship inevitably reflects the position of the one who produces it, he did not shy away from clearly stating that world-history writing has also been tainted by worldly interest, bearing the signs of expanding empires, missions and for that matter area studies, as well as has a bedeviled past. All too often “it has repro- duced teleologies that make European modernity the reference point of the global past [… and has] overlooked differences both within and between societies through the flat- Jerry H. Bentley, Globalizing History and Historicizing Globalization, in: Globalizations (2004) , pp. 69-8. 2 Ibid, p. 78. 8 | Globalizing History and Historicizing Globalization. In Memoriam of Jerry H. Bentley (1949–2012) tening and homogenization of peoples”, presenting Europe as the only site of dynamism and progress, while other regions being considered little more than sinks of stagnation. Still he saw no reason to follow completely postmodern and postcolonial criticism of master narratives that escape into mini-histories and the local. Instead he pleaded to delve into the realities and dynamics of the radically heterogeneous world as it came into being. Along this line one would not only find numerous cross-cultural interactions and interdependencies but would also recognize them as an essential drive in the change of societies. Bentley pursued this ambitious research agenda, also aimed at reforming education, for about 20 years, which today is well underway to considerable extent due to his efforts. With