Georgia Studies Milestones Review

1 A Quiz Tuesday 1. Georgia is located in the Southeastern region of the United States on the continent of North America. 2. Georgia is located in the Northern and Western Hemispheres of the Earth.

3. The Blue Ridge Mountains have been important to the growth of Georgia because precipitation in the mountains provides water to the entire state. 4. The Okefenokee Swamp is located in the Coastal Plain region.

5. The Piedmont once served as an area for growing cotton in Georgia and is now home to most of Georgia’s population and cities. 6. The Fall Line is a zone, several miles wide, that was the shoreline of the prehistoric ocean.

7. Many of Georgia’s cities and industries grew up along the Fall Line because rapidly flowing rivers were a source of energy. 8. The highest and largest group of mountains in Georgia lies in the Blue Ridge region. Brasstown Bald is located here. 9. The three regions in the northern part of Georgia (Ridge and Valley, Appalachian Plateau, and Blue Ridge), if combined, would be smaller than the Piedmont region. The Coastal Plain is the largest region. 10. An estuary describes the area around the mouth of a river where salt and fresh water mix.

1 B Quiz Wednesday 1. The textile industry (making cloth) has been one of Georgia’s primary industries. It developed along the Fall Line because waterfalls there provided power for the mills. 2. Georgia’s climate attracts businesses and industry because the state has a consistently mild climate. 3. The Fall Line’s fast flowing rivers provided power and led to the growth of Columbus, Macon, and Augusta. 4. The Okefenokee Swamp is Georgia’s largest freshwater wetland.

5. The Blue Ridge Region of Georgia receives the most rainfall in the state.

6. The Coastal Plain is the largest region of Georgia and is where most of the agricultural products, including peanuts and Vidalia onions are grown. 7. The Piedmont region of Georgia has gentle hills, rolling farmland, and is the most heavily populated region of the state. 8. The Chattahoochee River starts in the north Georgia mountains, flows through Atlanta, then is part of the border between Georgia and Alabama before it cuts through the panhandle of Florida and then flows into the Gulf of Mexico. 9. Atlanta, in the Piedmont region, is a major city because it is a center of road and air transportation. 10. The Ridge and Valley region is difficult to travel through because you have to go over steep hills, then down through low valleys, then back over steep hills, over and over.

1 C Quiz Thursday 1. The main purpose of the Spanish missions was to convert the Indians to Christianity (Catholicism). They failed since disease killed many of the natives. 2. Mound building in Etowah and at other sites, and the Rock Eagle mound, are thought to have been mainly for religious and ceremonial purposes. 3. The oldest of the prehistoric Indian cultures in Georgia was the Paleo culture.

4. The prehistory of Native American cultures ended when the Europeans arrived and began keeping written records. 5. When Native Americans began to grow and store food, it allowed them to stay in permanent settlements and for their populations to grow. 6. Native Americans did not believe in land ownership by individuals. Unlike the Europeans, they believed the land belonged to everyone. This misunderstanding between the two groups often led to warfare. 7. Hernando de Soto was the first explorer to travel through Georgia. He was looking for gold.

8. De Soto’s Spanish soldiers brought death and disease to the Native Americans living in Georgia. 9. The most advanced Indian cultural period was the Mississippian period.

10. Over time, Native American cultures developed better weapons, began to develop agriculture, and built more elaborate towns and burial sites.

1 D Quiz Friday 1. When Oglethorpe wanted to start a colony in Georgia, the English believed they could grow silk, wine, and other crops here because the area had a warm climate and fertile soil. 2. When Oglethorpe and the settlers on the Ann landed in 1732, Chief Tomochichi gave them permission to build the city of Savannah on Yamacraw Bluff. 3. The three reasons for settling the colony of Georgia were defense (as a buffer state to protect the Carolina’s from the Spanish in Florida), economics (to increase trade by growing new crops), and charity (to help poor debtors). 4. One of the main reasons that Georgia’s early colonists were discontent with the Trustees was the ban on slavery. 5. When the colony moved from the trustee period to a royal colony, governors were appointed by the king, the colony got more self-government, and a court system was established. 6. Oglethorpe wanted to create the colony of Georgia to help poor debtors because his friend Robert Castell had died in prison when he could not pay his debts. 7. Mary Musgrove and her husband ran a trading post. Mary acted as an interpreter for Oglethorpe and Tomochichi. 8. Mercantilism is a trade policy where a country tries to export more goods than they import so they will make more money. They rely on their colonies to provide raw materials. 9. James Oglethorpe was important to the colony of Georgia because he obtained the charter to start the colony and was the main trustee. There were 21 trustees who planned to serve for 21 years.