Diet Summaries

During the time I researched “diabetes diets,” I ran across the names of many other diets—some that people in the groups had tried and some that they were asking about. So I decided to research further and compile a comparison chart. Some of the diets were diabetes‐specific but many were not.

Name of Diet Description Purpose Reference Adventist Edenic Diet A diet based on what Adam and Eve To promote optimal health. http://www.amazingfacts.org/media‐ are believed to have consumed in library/media/e/1230/t/what‐was‐‐original‐diet‐ Garden of Eden. Genesis speaks of a in‐the‐garden‐of‐eden.aspx diet of , , nuts, and . After sin introduced the "herb of the field" . Essentially vegan, though mother’s milk (for babies) and honey is permitted. Adventist Lacto‐ovo A well‐balanced vegetarian diet that Adventists believe the key to http://www.adventist.org/vitality/health/ Vegetarian Diet avoids the consumption of meat wellness lies in a life of balance coupled with intake of legumes, whole and temperance and grains, nuts, fruits and vegetables, abstention from animal flesh. along with a source of vitamin B12. May include dairy products and eggs. Adventist Non‐ To adopt the most healthful diet To be in compliance with http://www.adventist.org/fileadmin/adventist.org/files/articles/official‐ statements/28Beliefs‐Web.pdf vegetarian Diet possible and abstain from the unclean Seventh‐day Adventist foods identified in the Scriptures, Fundamental Belief No. 22 http://www.a‐vegetarian‐diet.com/Leviticus‐11.html notably pork and shellfish. Adventists (clean meat as specified in believe that God allowed consumption Leviticus 11) of clean meat after the Flood. American Diabetes 1550‐1650 calories per day Having diabetes should not http://www.diabetes.org/mfa‐recipes/about‐our‐ Association Nutrition Moderate‐carbohydrate (about 45% of prevent you from enjoying a meal‐plans.html#sthash.WPRxC05f.dpuf Guidelines calories come from carbohydrate) wide variety of foods.  Meals have 45‐60 grams of carbohydrate  Snacks have 10‐25 grams of carbohydrate 10% of calories from saturated fat, and focus on healthy or "good" fat sources

Name of Diet Description Purpose Reference (“Good fats" include monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats) 300 mg of cholesterol per day 25 grams of dietary fiber per day 2300 mg of sodium or less per day You eat a bit more protein—think Weight‐loss diet. http://www.atkins.com/Home.aspx chicken, fish, shellfish, pork, beef, and ; more olive oil, butter, avocado, and other delectable fats that give food flavor; and lots of leafy greens and other vegetables. You initially hold off on higher‐carb vegetables, as well as and whole grains. You omit starchy, sugary carbohydrate foods low in nutrients, such as bagels and sweetened breakfast . Autoimmune Paleo or Said to be a version of the Paleo diet To reduce inflammation in the http://aiplifestyle.com/what‐is‐autoimmune‐protocol‐ AIP Diet (refer to link for more complete intestines diet/ description) Banting Diet Only 6 food items are expressly Weight‐loss diet. http://www.lowcarb.ca/atkins‐diet‐and‐low‐carb‐ prohibited: bread, milk, butter, beer, plans/harvey‐banting.html sugar, and potatoes. No attempt is made to restrict all carbohydrates. Exercise: not considered relevant. CHIP (Complete Health Low in total fat with minimal refined A Seventh‐day Adventist https://www.chiphealth.com/About‐CHIP/about‐chip/ Improvement Program) fats (fats and oils 15‐20 % of total lifestyle enrichment program calories/day) designed to reduce disease risk High in fiber (40‐50 grams) factors through the adoption Low in salt of better health habits and Plant‐food based (vegan) appropriate lifestyle More reliant on whole foods, especially modifications. The goal is to complex carbohydrates lower blood cholesterol, Sugar Minimal hypertension, and blood sugar Cholesterol 50 milligrams levels and reduce excess Salt 5 grams weight. This is done by Water 8 glasses/day improving dietary choices, enhancing daily exercise,

Name of Diet Description Purpose Reference increasing support systems and decreasing stress, thus aiding in preventing and reversing disease. Fast Based on the experiences of the For spiritual purpose only. Not http://daniel‐fast.com/ Old Testament prophet. It’s a partial for any specific health benefit. fast where some foods are eaten while http://www.ultimatedanielfast.com/ultimate‐daniel‐ others are restricted. Most people use fast‐food‐guidelines/ this method of fasting for 21 consecutive days. Essentially vegan. DASH Diet The DASH diet eating plan is a diet rich To lower high blood pressure http://dashdiet.org/what_is_the_dash_diet.asp in fruits, vegetables, low‐fat or nonfat without medication. dairy. It also includes mostly whole grains; lean meats, fish, and poultry; nuts and beans. It is high fiber and low to moderate in fat. Feingold Diet A form of elimination diet where foods For children (and adults) who http://www.feingold.org/ containing certain harmful additives have behavior and/or learning are removed and replaced with similar problems. foods that are free of those additives. Specifically eliminates artificial colors, flavors, and preservatives. Also eliminates salicylates on Stage 1. Requires adherence to a Food List of products that have been carefully researched to be in compliance with Feingold guidelines. Fuhrman, Joel The Nutriatarian diet style is comprised Disease reversal and http://www.drfuhrman.com/ask/default.aspx primarily of vegetables, fruits, beans, prevention, longevity nuts, and seeds. A limit of 5‐10% percent of calories is placed on animal product intake, and, high‐glycemic refined grains and sugars and processed foods are even more strongly avoided. GAPS Diet (Gut and Foods allowed are eggs (if tolerated), For people with serious http://www.gapsdiet.com/The_Diet.html Psychology Syndrome) fresh meats (not preserved), fish, digestive symptoms. Also for

Name of Diet Description Purpose Reference shellfish, fresh vegetables and fruit, helping with learning http://www.gaps.me/preview/?page_id=28 nuts and seeds, garlic, and olive oil. disabilities, psychiatric Important to have plenty of natural disorders and physical fats in every meal from meats, butter, problems, such as autism, ghee, coconut (if tolerated) and cold hyperactivity and attention pressed olive oil. Animal fats on meats deficit, dyslexia, dyspraxia, are particularly valuable. Fermented depression, schizophrenia, foods (sauerkraut, yogurt, and kefir) bipolar disorder, obsessive‐ are also a very important part of this compulsive disorder, eating diet. Avoid processed foods. Diet disorders, epilepsy and more should be followed for two years (truly a diet, not a lifestyle change). Hallelujah Diet A clean food, plant‐based (vegan) diet Improved health and disease http://www.myhdiet.com/?leadsource=1944 of vegetables, fruits, seeds, and nuts. prevention. Ketogenic Diet The diet is high in fat, supplies An elevated level of ketone http://www.charliefoundation.org/explore‐ketogenic‐ adequate protein, and is low in bodies in the blood, a state diet/explore‐1/introducing‐the‐diet carbohydrates. A true low‐carb, known as ketosis, leads to a ketogenic diet is one in which the reduction in the occurrence of percentage of calories from epileptic seizures. Another carbohydrates is closer to 5‐10% and effect of the diet is that it fat is 80% of total calories. lowers glucose levels and improves insulin resistance. Kosher Diet is the body of Jewish law The short answer to why http://www.jewfaq.org/kashrut.htm dealing with what foods we can and observe these laws is because cannot eat and how those foods must the Torah says so. be prepared and eaten. (See Reference.) Most notably, no pork and no mixing of meat with dairy. Low‐carb High‐fat Diet Daily carb quota: 20‐50 grams Aside from weight loss, a lot of http://youtu.be/dSLf4bzAyOM Fat: 80% of calories people experience several Carbs: 10% of calories other health benefits. Diabetes https://www.facebook.com/groups/reversingdiabetes/ Protein: 10% of calories (some end up with no medication at all!), allergies get better, a lot of digestive problems gets better, mood swings gets better.

Name of Diet Description Purpose Reference Eating grains as a staple food, Reasons vary. Some claim diet http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macrobiotic_diet supplemented with other foods such as is beneficial for cancer. local vegetables, and avoiding the use of highly processed or refined foods and most animal products. May include fish and other seafood. McDougall Diet The McDougall Diet is based on To reverse “lifestyle” diseases, https://www.drmcdougall.com/ starches (corn, potatoes, rice, wheat, such as heart disease, obesity, etc.) with the addition of fruits and diabetes, etc. without https://www.drmcdougall.com/health/education/free‐ vegetables. Emphasis is on eating very medication. mcdougall‐program/steps‐to‐recovery/foods‐not‐ low‐fat. Coffee, tea, and alcohol not allowed/ allowed. Mediterranean diet The Mediterranean diet emphasizes: Heart‐healthy eating plan http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy‐living/nutrition‐  Eating primarily plant‐based and‐healthy‐eating/in‐depth/mediterranean‐diet/art‐ foods, such as fruits and 20047801 vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and nuts  Replacing butter with healthy fats, such as olive oil  Using herbs and spices instead of salt to flavor foods  Limiting red meat to no more than a few times a month  Eating fish and poultry at least twice a week  Drinking red wine in moderation (optional) The diet also recognizes the importance of being physically active, and enjoying meals with family and friends. Ovo‐vegetarian A type of which allows Ethical motivations, or lactose http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovo_vegetarianism for the consumption of eggs but not intolerant. dairy products. Also called eggetarian. Paleo Diet  Eat: grass‐produced meats, Based upon the fundamental http://thepaleodiet.com/the‐paleo‐diet‐premise/ fish/seafood, fresh fruits and concept that the optimal diet is veggies, eggs, nuts and seeds, the one to which we are

Name of Diet Description Purpose Reference healthful oils (olive, walnut, genetically adapted. Based flaxseed, macadamia, avocado, upon every‐day, modern foods coconut) that mimic the food groups of  Don’t eat: grains, legumes our pre‐agricultural, hunter‐ (including peanuts), dairy, refined gatherer ancestors. The Paleo, sugar, potatoes, processed foods, or Paleolithic, diet advises that salt, refined oils you avoid foods that were not available for consumption before the agricultural revolution. This means that grains, legumes, refined sugar, and dairy are off‐limits. Paleo‐Vegan (“Pegan”) A high‐fat vegan diet To feel good, lose weight, and http://drhyman.com/blog/2014/11/07/pegan‐paleo‐ get and stay healthy vegan/ Pescetarian Eats fish and/or other seafood, but not Reasons vary. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi‐vegetarianism poultry or meat from mammals. Pollo‐pescetarian Eats poultry, seafood, and no other Reasons vary. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi‐vegetarianism meat. Also written as "pesce‐ pollotarian." Pollotarian Eats chicken or other poultry, but not Often for environmental, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi‐vegetarianism meat from mammals. health or food justice reasons. Primal Blueprint Almost no grains and legumes or It is based on the same http://www.marksdailyapple.com/whats‐the‐ processed foods. Primal does permit premise [as Paleo] that people difference‐between‐primal‐and‐ some dairy, especially yogurt and kefir, should be eating whole foods paleo/#axzz3PPYYeA00 as well as small amounts of soy, red that were available during wine, dark chocolate, potatoes, rice, caveman times. and quinoa. Pure Vegetarian (also Vegetarian who eats dairy products but Reasons vary. Some religious http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi‐vegetarianism known as lacto‐ not eggs. reasons. vegetarian) Rosedale Diet We recommend a diet higher in the With this nutritional program, http://drrosedale.com/healthplan#ixzz3akJox2jo right kinds of fats, adequate protein, it is indeed possible to reverse Follow us: @DrRosedale on Twitter | and low in total carbohydrates. such debilitating ailments such RosedaleHealthPlan on Facebook as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, arthritis, osteoporosis, and others.

Name of Diet Description Purpose Reference Semi‐vegetarian Mostly vegetarian but eats meat Reasons vary. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi‐vegetarianism occasionally. Also called flexitarian. Uses a categorization of carbohydrates Weight‐loss diet. http://www.southbeachdiet.com/diet/ and fats as "good" or "bad," and steers dieters to the ones that diet considers "good." Focuses on the "glycemic impact" (short‐term change in blood glucose) of foods. Specific Carbohydrate ‐free, sugar‐free, starch‐free, and The diet is an all‐natural way to http://scdlifestyle.com/about‐the‐scd‐diet/ Diet unprocessed break cycle of bacteria and yeast overgrowth by eliminating the food sources they feed on. Vegan Diet Vegetarians do not eat meat, fish, or People choose to be vegan for http://www.vrg.org/nutshell/vegan.htm poultry. Vegans, in addition to being health, environmental, and/or vegetarian, do not use other animal ethical reasons. products and by‐products such as eggs, dairy products, honey, leather, fur, silk, wool, cosmetics, and soaps derived from animal products. Weimar NEWSTART® Program based on eight fundamental Designed to prevent and http://newstart.com/about‐the‐program/about‐the‐ Program principles proven to help you achieve reverse disease, including Type program/#sthash.y0hkCeIY.dpuf optimum health: Nutrition, Exercise, 2 diabetes, through natural Water, Sunlight, Temperance, Air, Rest, methods. http://newstart.com/what‐is‐newstart1/ and Trust. Nutrition is a vegan diet of unprocessed foods with no sugar and http://newstartclub.com/resources/detail/nutrition no oil. Requires walking a minimum of 5 miles a day (10,000 steps) every day. Does not restrict carbohydrate intake.

Updated, 5/20/15